Tesis sobre el tema "Pêcheurs – France – 19e siècle"
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Idoux-Renard, Benedicte. "Des pêcheurs dans la ville. En quête des quartiers maritimes entre sociétés portuaires et territoires urbains : Calais, Boulogne, Fécamp, Douarnenez, Concarneau (vers 1840 - 1914)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0033.
Texto completoCalais, Boulogne, Fécamp, Concarneau and Douarnenez. Presenting both similarities and differences, these five port observatories on the north-western French coast are the subject of a comparative history over a period dating back to the 19th century, from the1840s until the eve of the First World War. The fishing industry has organised these towns since their foundation, and has partially, and sometimes totally, determined their urban topography. It would appear that maritime districts, i.e., urban areas where populations whose activity is organised around fishing congregate, existed, even if it is necessary to retrace their evolution, contours and characteristics, whether material or symbolic. There, live men who earn their livelihoods from the sea by fishing inshore (sardine) or offshore (herring, cod), as do women who fish on foot, particularly when catches at sea are insufficient and their husbands' earnings are too low. Many of them work in fish processing workshops and then in canning factories. Together with other key players involved in maritime activities, these fishing families form maritime communities. The aim is therefore to identify and analyse the relationships that develop within these communities as well as with other city dwellers, and that decisively shape the urban morphology of these ports, while the social and economic transformations brought about by the Industrial Revolution disrupt the territories from the second half of the nineteenth century onwards. Those transformations, whether demographic, particularly in the towns of Finistère, where the number of inhabitants grows spectacularly, or economic, with ever-increasing catches of fish, the development of transport that enables more fish to be transported to places of consumption and the rise in canning in Brittany that is to make the fortunes of Douarnenez and Concarneau, significantly alter the spatial layout of these communities and their neighbourhoods. The cultural elements and then social protest that emerged at the turn of the century contribute to this effective plasticity. This work, which falls under social history and cultural geography, draws on documentation largely based on extremely diverse and widely scattered archives. It makes it possible to comprehend the reconfiguration of maritime districts which territoriality can inevitably be read on different scales. Linking history, society and territory thus allows multiple angles from which to establish an operational typology of maritime districts based on the five selected sites. At the end of this work, it seems that the hypothesis envisaged at the outset cannot be retained
Didier, Emilie. "La protection sociale et sanitaire des gens de mer : l'exemple des Alpes-Maritimes de l'Empire à la IIIe République". Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE0032.
Texto completoThe protection of seafarers (sailors, fishermen) and their families will be approached through the example of an atypical coastal county : the Alpes-Maritimes throughout a long century. (from the Empire to the IIIrd Republic). In a first approach, the State implemented a system of coverage for the sailors and, by extension for their families, while simultaneously, private initiatives emerged : societies (mutual help associations, trade unions) and private individuals whose actions were manifested through material contributions. As regards the Church, its role of spiritual support was symbolic for the maritime population. In a second approach, the question of the sanitary protection is dealt with. As a matter of fact, the sailors suffered from illnesses and epidemic diseases. Specific prevention measures were organized such as the quarantine period, the lazaretto, verily a "prison". This system of social welfare was a precursor for a dangerous profession that needed to be protected. As time went by, this system became a reference for other professional activities. It was finally outdated in the 20th century. The sailor’s protection system developed from a position of originality into a mere branch of the general organisation of social welfare
Pavé, Marc. "Réglementation et organisation de la pêche côtière en France : 1715-1850". Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040259.
Texto completoMeyer-Sablé, Nathalie. "Le sel et le feu : évolution des métiers de la pêche et cellule familiale dans les sociétés littorales du Morbihan, 1830-1920". Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0087.
Texto completoGrancher, Romain. "Les usages de la mer : droit, travail et ressources dans le monde de la pêche à Dieppe (années 1720-années 1820)". Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUEL025.
Texto completoThis thesis aims to analyze the functioning of the world of fishing in Dieppe (Normandy) during the 18th century according to three research fields: labor history, environmental history and legal history. It begins with a presentation of the place, the challenges and the sources of this inquiry. It turns out that the labor field was considered as a “commons situation” that was organized by the actors of the community in order to take possession of the sea resources, in which the admiralty jurisdiction played a key role. It was indeed invested by the fishermen themselves with respect to regulation, certification and legitimization. In the second part, the comparison between petitions or check registers and small claims court reports, provides us with an insight into fishing as an activity regulated by practice, rules and institutions that were recognized by the people from that community. We then examine how fish resources were being concretely owned with a study of the transactions engaged by sailors, skippers and ship-owners’ associations according to a share system. Finally, we see how sea resources were being organized during two different time periods where regulation was very important: between 1720 and 1730, and during the Bourbon Restoration. The analysis of those various controversies – of use, interest or expertise – allows us to understand how laws intended for a general use apply to the specific situations in local communities. This work intends to highlight how norms are created and how they become rules in the Ancien Régime society, where the normative systems are not only concurrent, but also heterogeneous
Paquet, Lucie. "Pêcheurs du Saint-Laurent, 1713-1763 : les engagés à Québec pour la région de la rive sud du fleuve et du golfe". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29189.
Texto completoPerrot, Annick. "Une société littorale en Cotentin au XVIIIe siècle : Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue et ses gens de mer". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC025.
Texto completoThis thesis is presented in the form of an investigation carried out in an 18th-century coastal society of Normandy, in order to apprehend the ties linking seafarers, people living by and of the sea, with the other inhabitants of the shore, as well as what may separate them, in a world that is, at first glance, turned towards the sea. The framework of the study is the natural harbour of La Hougue, on the east coast of the Cotentin, which shelters the population of Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue, the object of our investigations.An introductory chapter presents the conditions of opening onto the high sea off this coastal settlement under the supervision of a vivid institutional meshing, from the parish to the maritime district. Next, a first part is devoted to an historical study of demography, by means of a comparative analysis between the socio-professional group of seafarers, those living by and owing their livelihood to the sea and representing more than half the population, and the other inhabitants. The reconstruction of several hundred destinies has allowed for bringing out the specific behaviour of the maritime population when it comes to marriage or death. A second part is reserved for the exploitation of riparian and halieutic resources and their evolution, analysing the way in which the inhabitants put this coveted area to good use. By following the notary doing estimates, clues to living standards and the way of life came to light after safes and armoires were opened. Finally, the last part tends to emphasise the particularities and constraints of a border environment that determines the life of all the residents of Saint-Vaast, whereas the identity outlines of the sea folk become apparent by means of signifiers, of which the principal marker consisted of mandatory service on the vessels of the royal State, which differentiated them profoundly from the rest of the population
Guyon, Frédérick. "Analyse des rapports pluriels à l'espace "naturel" : chasseurs, pêcheurs, cueilleurs". Strasbourg 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20046.
Texto completoOur research deals with the interaction between human beings and the space they are living in, particularly with reference to activities of predation or acquisition. Hunting, fishing and colleting of fruits in the contemporary French society are the main activities we analyse. The widespread picture of a uniformity of practices actually conceal the diversity of social patterns existing. Our data are principally based o interviews (68 peoples interviewed) and ethnological observations. The sociological analyses developed are both qualitative (case studies) and quantitative (statistical and factual). .
Giuliani, Fabienne. "Enquête sur les relations incestueuses dans la France du XIXe siècle (1791-1898)". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010686.
Texto completoAuger-Sergent, Anne-Sophie. "Les graffiti marins de Normandie (13e siècle- 19e siècle)". Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010544.
Texto completoNormandy is extremely rich in ship graffiti, but we haven't any regional and synthetical studies about these iconographic sources. The inventory of Normand graffiti allows to have a corpus of some 500 documents dated from 13th to 19th centuries. The documents present essentialy ships, but also elements of ship (anchor, flag, rigging, head) or elements of navigation (sea-mark), animals (fisch, sea-bird), and maritime inscriptions. Their major value ist that graffiti give representations of boats of merchant navy and fisching navy, on which we haven't any iconographic source before the 18th century, and contribute to the repacement of naval iconographic material. The geographic repartition of ship graffiti follows the maritime and fluvial zones. They are omnipresent on the soft calcareous and plaster of the churchs, castles and traditionnal houses. In spite of their value for ship archaeology, graffiti pose a problem and particulary for determination and dating. The use of sails as leading thread allows at the same time a classification of ships graffiti, their typing according iconographic comparaisons, and their datation. Normand graffiti present merchant and coast ships. Barges are rare
Graham, Lesley. "Voyageurs écossais en France au XIXe siècle : image de la France, reflet de l'Ecosse". Bordeaux 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR30013.
Texto completoThe thirty-four travel books that are the original source material of this thesis were all written by scottish travellers between 1814 and 1880. The first section examines the nature of their journeys and the various motivations for their visits fo france. The travellers fall into into six groups : witnesses of historical events, journalists (including john scott and angus b. Reach). Writers (notably walter scott and robert louis stevenson), valetudinarians, tourists and specialists. The records of their journeys are then examined from two angles. The second section presents the image of france as it is perceived and portrayed by the scottish travellers while the third section analyses the reflection of scotland discernable in the descriptions of france. The picture the travellers paint of france is overwhelmingly negative because their aim is almost always to enhance the reputation of great britain and so they tend to highlight the problems and weaknesses of france rather than is strong points. The travellers look at france from two different points of view which they adopt alternately depending on the situation : one british, or even anglo-british, the other more specifically scottish. The british point view reflects a clear feeling of superiority over france while the scottish point of view betrays the profound of. .
Monet, Jacques. "Emergence de la kinésithérapie en France à la fin du XIXe et au début du XXe siècle : une spécialité médicale impossible : genèse, acteurs et intérêts de 1880 à 1914". Paris 1, 2003. http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/histmed/asclepiades/pdf/monet1.pdf.
Texto completoAdams, Henry Thomas. "L'évolution du canon obusier Paixhans et sa place dans la marine française de la première moitié du XIXe siècle". Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040280.
Texto completoAt the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the french Navy was in a position of marked inferiority in relation to that of the british. Paixhans, an army artillery officer, presented the Navy with a means of overcoming its lack of material strength with his innovative shell gun. Steamers and fast frigates armed with his system would thus be able to combat on equal terms british warships due to the destructive force of the shells. The idea was initially rejected due in part to to the lack of success during the revolutionary wars of a similar system. Nevertheless, Paixhans was able to impose the milited adoption of his shell gun due to the force of his personality and through his contacts in the governmental and military hierarchy. This limited adoption of shell guns aboard french warships resulted from the fact that the french Navy with its program of naval construction and armement (guns of a unique caliber) had already chosen to continue to represent its maritime presence with a classical fleet of ships-of-the-line supported by heavily armed frigates
Badea-Păun, Gabriel. "Antonio de La Gandara : sa vie, son oeuvre (1861-1917)". Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040062.
Texto completoThis thesis attempts to present the entire career of antonio de la gandara (paris, 1861 – paris, 1917) in the form of a catalogue raisonne of his paintings and drawings, precedeed by a biographical volume. This first volume charts his career from his debut at gerome's and the cabaret du chat noir to his succesful exhibition in 1893 at durand-ruel's gallery, which brought him prestigious portrait comissions from the european aristocracy and high bourgeoisie. It provides the opportunity to define the place of his work as a portrait painter among the so-called " mondains " portraitistes at the end of the 19th century and the begining of the 20th century. This study is completed by a chapter devoted to his prints ? And another one to the relationship of his work to the contemporary literature
Vellutini, Maïté. "La succession non ab intestat au 19ème siècle". Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32046.
Texto completoFirmino, Sophie. "Les réfugiés carlistes en France de 1833 à 1843". Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR2040.
Texto completoUmezawa, Aya. "La prison cellulaire et la folie des prisonniers : histoire des représentations de la prison et des prisonniers (1819-1848)". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010585.
Texto completoGaboriaux, Chloé. "Le paysan français, un enjeu idéologique au XIXe siècle : perspectives françaises et perspectives sur la France". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0045.
Texto completoIn a still overwhelmingly rural France, universal male suffrage introduced in 1848 made peasants become a major electoral force. What this thesis shows is that it also made them become an ideological stake for the political movements, who tried to give such an explanation of rural voters’ political behaviours that might reinforce their political positions. Debates about peasants reveal the conceptions of representation at a time when the masses entered politics. In particular, they underline the role of rural “bonapartism” in the phrasing of republican theories and in the changes the latter underwent during the 19th century. Rural voters disappointed the expectations of the Republicans and therefore forced them to revise the relationships they previously established between material progress and political commitment, communal sociability and citizenship, civil liberty and political liberty. At a moment when the validity of political theories was mainly based on their sociological pertinence, the analysis of the peasant persona puts into perspective the splits that then separated the different political families and divided the Republicans themselves, especially in the debates concerning the Radicals’ ideal of direct democracy, the issue of decentralization or the 1875 constitutional laws. By scrutinizing the social and geographical imaginary background that underlay political positions, it is possible to put forward the major ideological issues raised by the various institutional answers then given to the question of representation
Tardy, Jean-Noël. "Les catacombes de la politique : conspiration et conspirateurs en France (1818-1870)". Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010647.
Texto completoMihaeli, Gil. "L'émergence du modèle militaro-viril : pratiques et représentations masculines en France au XIXe siècle". Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0102.
Texto completoThe present research treats questions of masculine identity in France in early and middle 19th century. It demonstrates how the masculine body became the pivotal point of a system of sense composed of practices and representations : the militaro-virile model. The main practice studied is the moustache. What was at the beginning an attribute of elite soldiers became a generalised military attribute, then a marker of virility and finally the attribute of "Frenchood" for excellence
Manfredonia, Gaetano. "Études sur le mouvement anarchiste en France : 1848-1914". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990IEPP0021.
Texto completoThe work which is presented is constitued of three parts : a PHD dissertation already presented at the Institut d'études politiques of Paris in 1984 on anarchist individualism in France (1880-1914); two other complementary researches on the anarghist songs in France from the Commune to Ravachol (1870-1894) and pro and con the republic? The French anarchists and the republican tradition (1848-1914). The anarchists movement took its largest development during the period beginning at the Paris Commune and the first world war, adopting a specific behavior and specific ideological themes which differentiated it from other socialist groups. But few studies have been made concerning the internal dynamics of the movement, its internal conflicts and structuration. Our object is not only to fill in the gaps of the documentations collected by Jean Maitron but amso to subsume the narrative approach of the libertarian movement which minimizes the stakes of its internal debates. The history of this movement has been conflictual and has little to do with the so called "eternal principles" of anarchisme. On many points the traditional image of the anarchists must be considerably reconsidered
Lefebvre, Philippe. "Formation des grandes entreprises & innovations dans les relations de travail : coordination hiérarchique, gestion de la main d'oeuvre, paternalisme (France, XIXe)". Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040125.
Texto completoMalivin, Amandine. "Voluptés macabres : la nécrophilie en France au XIXe siècle". Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070017.
Texto completoIn 1849, French society face a case of grave desecrations, widely considered as never seen before. Sergent Bertrand's trial then reveals the existence of a deviant sexual behavior, yet not called "necrophilia". From this case, discourses and representations are built around the necrophile, in the medical and legal fields, and the subject is also a curiosity object among a wider audience, torn between disgust and fascination. These discourses and representations are inspired by actual cases but also by a sometimes old collective imagination, and mix the legal, medical, and supernatural fields. Since it transgresses both gender and attitudes towards the corpse norms, necrophilia is, in the XIXth Century, an object of study and debate. But, by its evocative power, it is also a medium widely used by writers and artists in order to express, through its staging, fantasies and anxieties related to society standards in terms of gender and feelings. By studying reactions generated by the necrophiliac transgression, and the reinterpretations which it gives nse to, this work wants to question the XIXth Century French society on its relationship to deviance, sexuality, body, gender, feelings, love and death
Nicolleau, Laurent. "La récidive au XIXème siècle : définition, mesures et traitement : l'exemple de l'Aube". Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOD004.
Texto completoDratwicki, Alexandre. "Un nouveau commerce de la virtuosité : Métamorphose de la symphonie concertante au sein des institutions musicales parisiennes (1780-1830)". Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040127.
Texto completoPopularity of the "symphonie concertante" in France is linked both chronologically and stylistically to the classical period (1770-1830). This genre set the stage for the French capital's greatest virtuosos to be heard attempting to outdo each other in what were at times the utmost difficult instrumental skills. As of the end of Louis the sixteenth's reign, the "symphonie concertante" was used as a means of publicity in the business strategy of several Parisian institutions. Originally employed as musical entertainment on the same stage during intermissions, it soon became an integral part of the dramatic performances it had previously punctuated at the "Opéra Comique" and the "Académie de Musique". Musical hybrids were born : the "symphonie concertante" overture or arias with several solo instruments. However, the most original innovation was that of the "symphonie concertante" as a musical support for dance in the last "ballet-pantomimes" by Gossec, Catel and Méhul. The first part of this PhD thesis is dedicated to the summary of the musical characteristics of this genre. This is followed by a description of the post-revolutionary Parisian institutions in which the instrumentalists evolved. The last two chapters are dedicated to the different metamorphoses of the genre under the influence of certain repertories
Uglianica, Sylvie. "Les premières crèches françaises : de futures écoles en puissance ? (1844-1870)". Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H065.
Texto completoMenenteau, Sandra. "Dans les coulisses de l'autopsie judiciaire : cadres, contraintes et conditions de l'expertise cadavérique dans la France du XIXe siècle". Poitiers, 2009. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2009/Menenteau-Sandra/2009-Menenteau-Sandra-These.pdf.
Texto completoIn the 19th century, forensic medicine is formed as a full science. From 1795, after the reorganization of medical education, it is included into the teaching for the doctorate of medicine. Judges consider each physician is able to carry out a forensic autopsy. Far from suitable structures, ordinary medical experts have to answer the judges' expectations and questions about the causes of death. They perform post mortem examinations in material conditions that are not in accordance with the criteria established by literature. Medical experts have to get used to the situation and to improvise. Moreover, their participation in legal proceedings is a professional and a personnel hazard. However, forensic autopsy offers more technical freedom than other post mortem activities. Forensic autopsy lifts all the regulations, the bans and the popular reluctances
Didier, Bénédicte. "Le grand Mardi-Gras de l'esprit : étude de cinq petites revues bohèmes fin de siècle (1878-1889) : Le Panurge, Le Chat Noir, La Vogue, Le Décadent, La Plume". Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE1060.
Texto completoThe five "minor periodicals" presented here are characteristic of the artistic life that had developed on the fringes of the formal French culture by the end of the 19th century. That unconventional journalism (1878-1889) acknowledged the condition of the bohemian artist as well as his cavalier attitude. The first part of this doctoral thesis describes these periodicals, their contents, their history and their contributors. In the second and third parts, the notion of "bohemian spirit" is discussed in a multi-topical approach. Such anti-conformist magazines, combining a wish to shock and a craving for acceptance by the artists and literati of the time, confirm Jerrold Seigel's theorie concerning literary life. Using the notions of strategy and of awareness of literary sphere, the fourth part analyses the machinery of an avant-garde press yearning for legitimacy. Finally the fifth part presents the leaders of a forgotten brotherhood : the "bohemian smugglers"
Soriot, Annie. "Le travail et la question sociale : histoire de la construction d'une synthèse entre le socialisme et l'économie politique au XIXe siècle". Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010058.
Texto completoDiaz, Delphine. "Un asile pour tous les peuples ? : proscrits, exilés, réfugiés étrangers en France 1813-1852". Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010689.
Texto completoLenoble, Benoît. "Le journal au temps du réclamisme : presse, publicité et culture de masse en France (1863-1930)". Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010569.
Texto completoWagniart, Jean-François. "Le vagabond dans la société française (1871-1914) : recherches sur les procédures de construction d'une identité sociale". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010587.
Texto completoThe study of vagrancy and vagrants from 1871 to 1914 sets the identity problem of an outcast social group. The images of vagrants explain the attitude of self defense versus the antisocial. The third republic endeavours to fulfil the community's hopes to get rid of outcasts classed as vagrants. The vagrant, cutt off from the working class, embodies all social disease. And this leads to banishment law in 1885, then to roundups till 1899. Repression fails and no solution is ahead. Next of the "bad" vagrant, stands the myth of the good vagrant. On the one hand, defenders of social reforms lie among the leftwing of the republican party. On the other hand, catholic circles and libertarians, more radical in their points of views, stand up for vagrants. The state intervention as well as the passing of social laws, at the beginning of the century seem to lead to a decrease in vagrancy. According to judicial writs, vagrants are mainly young men with few family ties. Due to their lack of education, they find gread difficulties in adapting themselves. They are phisically and psychologically weak, they suffer a lot from crisis, the more as they lack social resistance. They are not criminals. The study of vagrancy shows varied opinions depending on aeras (the West being more tolerant towards the destitutes than Yonne). The vagrant is lonely, he speaks very little, has no social life, bears little hope. He builds his identity according to what society has in store for him. With vagrants we can look through the condition of society more than through the vagrant himself. The vagrant's identity is covered by social representation. According to the importance of the crisis, they lead to repression and exclusion which lets no ground for understanding and welfare of vagrants
Hibou-Dugat, Juliette. "Le goût pour le XVIIIe siècle dans l'ébénisterie française au XIXe siècle (1839-1900)". Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040076.
Texto completoDuring the 19th century, decorative arts and particularly furniture were marked by a disconcerting polyphony of neo-styles. Around 1830, one can note a revival for 18th century styles, neo-styles which were probably the most durable, broadcast, symbolic and influent. These pastiches and copies of furniture bore marked aesthetic, historical, cultural, social and political values. Paradoxically, these styles born under the monarchy, became favoured by the new bourgeoisie and, under the Third Republic, symbolised the French national style. Throughout the century, the appearance and the evolution of this interest for the previous century is apparent in the study of both the knowledge and the image one had of the History and the Arts of the Age of Enlightenment, in the examination of the first collections of 18th century furniture, and in the analysis of the pieces presented at the national and universal exhibitions. This new aesthetic dominated in the eclectic interiors during the second half of the century. The ébénistes showed an unheard ingenuity and erudition in responding to this increasing demand in France, in Europe and in the United States. The quality of their work attests of their ability to adapt to new technical, stylistic and economical circumstances, while respecting the tradition of their craft. This taste and this production engendered critics and debates on the notion of style, on creativity and the importance of the tradition and modernity, forwarding the paradoxical role of these neo-styles in the beginnings of modernity
Levasseur, Olivier. "Les usages de la mer dans le Trégor du XVIIIème siècle". Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20045.
Texto completoFarcy, Jean-Claude. "Les paysans beaucerons : de la fin de l'Ancien Régime au lendemain de la première guerre mondiale". Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100132.
Texto completoNourry, Louis-Michel. "Les jardins publics en province : un élément de la politique de l'espace du Second Empire". Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010615.
Texto completoLaunay, Florence. "Les compositrices françaises de 1789 à 1914". Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20058.
Texto completoThis research reveals a hidden aspect of the history of nineteenth-century French music, the activity of women in the field of musical composition. The resistance of nineteenth-century society toward female intellectual activity at a high level confined the majority of women with creative ambitions to mediocrity. The musical education given to women was defined above all in terms of limitations : access to many instruments and subjects was difficult. The female aims in life, marriage and maternity in the restricted world of the home, encouraged musical activities at an amateur level. But in some cases the conjunction of talent and supportive environment and the progress of feminine education throughout the century allowed women to become professional composers. They expressed themselves in all musical genres, leaving outstanding contributions which are examinated here in detail
Guignard, Laurence. "Juger la folie : la justice pénale et la folie des criminels à l'âge de l'aliénisme 1791-1865". Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010674.
Texto completoHaudebourg, Guy. "Mendiants et vagabonds en Bretagne sud (Finistère sud, Morbihan, Loire Atlantique) au XIXe siècle". Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20002.
Texto completoExtensive begging and vagrancy in Brittany is reported in all nineteenth century accounts. This conception is not contradicted by the various studies that have been preserved, but strongly qualified, all the more so as the boundaries between, poverty, begging and vagrancy are far from clear and depend largely on local conditions and on the definitions given in those studies. It would seem that begging and vagrancy were more widespread as one went west in southern Brittany, the southern coast, however, fared better than the hinterland. The contrast between the situations in Basse-Bretagne (departements of Finsitere sud and Morbihan) and Haute-Bretagne (the departement of Loire-inferieure) can be seen both in the organisation of relief to the poor and in the restrictions imposed on vagrancy and begging. The organisation of relief to the poor in the form of hospitals and charities was slow in the west of the province. Where as the departement of Loire-inferieure followed the faster pace of development that can be observed in France in general. The enforcement of repression, being closely related to the existence of relief organisms, was also harsher in the west of the province. Even if economic conditions partially account for the above differences - the departement of Loire-inferieure was better-off and more heavily industrialised - the industrial backwardness in Finistere and Morbihan is seemingly explained by the status of beggars in the society of southern Brittany. Far from being rejected and condemned, they played a specific role in society. As intermediaries between the population and god, they were to be seen in such holy places as churches, chapels and pardons (religious processions) which they sometimes attented on behalf of pilgrims who were unable to be bodily present. They had no difficulty finding accommodation locally - at least within the limits of their district - and were the main source of information for people in remoter areas. They often acted as a match makers and they were the vehicles through which the oral popular culture was circulated in the form of songs and tales
Tiffou, Augustin. "Le basson en France au XIXème : facture, théorie et répertoire". Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040260.
Texto completoThis research tries to bring light on the environment in which the bassoon took place in France during the 19th century. The instrument, in a primitive form at the beginning of the 19th century, endures multiple modifications and finds at the end of the same century a manufacturing stability, a more homogeneous sound, a greater volume sound, giving the instrument a steady place in the orchestra. But, two bassoons systems were developed side by side at this time: the German system and the French system. Even though there are researches on the bassoon, many of them concern the German one. For these reasons, this research tries to give a better idea of the situation of the French bassoon. The three parts of this research (the manufacturing, the theory and the repertoire) should give a more precise idea of the condition of the bassoon in France during the 19th century. Finally, the preference given these days to the German system is obvious and if the French system has to disappear one day, this research will keep it in mind
Vignon, Virginie. "Jules Chéret, créateur d'une industrie publicitaire (1866-1932)". Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100099.
Texto completoIn 1866, Jules Chéret (1836–1932), printer–lithographer, sets up in Paris a printing office specialized in illustrated coloured posters, a commercial medium which he turned into a real way of communication. With both patrimonial archives funds and main Parisian posters collections, we recreate the way of this new advertising printing office and underline both the reality of a profession and the posters production, famous for its quantity as well as for its formal qualities. At the head of this industry, Jules Chéret leads a new widespread posters market in France : its diffusion shows how representative it is of urban landscape in the late XIXth century. As a result, Jules Chéret is seen as an artist around 1880 while lithographic colour printing is considered as full work of art
Martin, Véronique. "De l'audace ! : la rhétorique argumentative dans le théâtre "engagé" en France à la fin du XIXe siècle". Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20081.
Texto completoThe study of commitment amounts to study the reception such as the writer would have dreamed. The argument commences with the elaboration of the "spectataire" a representation of the receiving audience, forged by the writer. The commitment presents a deep historicity - productions from 1900 lay out an "history of rage". The argumentation ad personam allows the appreciation of the effectiveness of the action of the personages. The writer elaborates a strategy, supported by discursive and scenic devices, which demands of the "spectataire" an intense act of reception, from epidictic sentence to comprehension of the weaknesses of his own system of beliefs. Naturalist aesthetics modifies the mental representations of the "spectataire" - reception is a cognitive activity. A work can certainly be committed when it presents the consciousness of the writer of the processes of writing and of reception. But commitment finds its limits in argumentative shamanism, which proclaims the powerlessness of the writer. In the thirties, there arises an alternative. Celebration fulfils the fusion of the group desired by the writer. The cognitive process constitutes alone the fable of the brechtian lehrstück
Deseuche, Vincent. "Tableau politique de la Mayenne au XIXè siècle". Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT3005.
Texto completoTraditionalism and conservatism are very often the first terms that spring to mind when defining the department Mayenne, such is the extent that the Chouan revolt, the battle between the whites and the blues in which the country folk actively took part, has left its mark on Western France. In light of analysis of the elections and nominations of political and administrative staff in the 19th century, their successes and misfortunes, and their actions in local assemblies or in the Chambers, the desire both to perpetuate the evolutions and revolutions of the nation and the need for modernity nevertheless arises. When public figures and dynasties come into view after the Napoleonic era, the opinions of the elected representatives of the landholding monarchy and the country proper differ from time to time. Universal suffrage leaves nobles in positions of power, progressively shaping the political identity of the department, combining respect of traditional values and republicanism to create a moderated republicanism
Bataillé, Olivier. "Naissance d'une administration moderne : la fusion des services postaux et télégraphiques français au XIXème siècle". Toulouse 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU10039.
Texto completoDuring the 19th century, State growing competencies lead to a progressive specialization of the Administration. Under this strategy, a new secretary department was created every time an administrative division grew to a certain volume. Post and Telegraph services fell into this evolution of State services : increasing volume of services, administrative specialization reinforced by the creation of the Post and Telegraph Secretary, increasing State competence in economic and social matters. This fusion is a major landmark of the evolution of Post and Telegraph services. Beside inevitable services reorganizations, lines and offices multiplied, administration competencies also greatly increased with the modernization of old services, or with the creation of new public services in various fields like banking, parcel transportation and telephone. The fusion of Post and Telegraph services shows its importance with the exceptional longevity of this reform : installed in 1878, it was amended only with a recent reform in 1990
Petiteau, Natalie. "Les anoblis du Premier Empire et leur postérité 1808-1914 : une identité perdue ?" Tours, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUR2023.
Texto completoThe creation of a new nobility by Napoleon I in 1808 is the outcome of the work of social restructuring undertaken since, 1799. This aristocraty must form the meting-pot of the elites forming at the same time a loval group devoted to the defense of Napoleon's throne. Recruted to an amount of 60 per cent among the various strate of the middle class, the imperial nobility has access to honours through feats of arms or civil service ; moreover it proves a sens of precocious cultural integration into the customs of nobiliary life. However, the unity of the group is shattered in 1815, two fifths of it experiences a social downgrading whereas the rest often misses the opportunity of setting up its unity of the defence of the bonapartist cause. Furthmore the newly created nobles of the first Empire constitute an elite blended through numerous marriages with members of the elite of the 19th century, upper middle class and various nobilities. They manage to assert themselves as an aristocracy, preserving their wealth, displaying their notoriety in the heart of the fashionable life of the 19th century and moreover defending their honour and the memory of their family, thus adhering entirely to a culture of order. Eventually, the imperial nobility constitutes an ideal observation post of the social mobility in the 19th century
Delaive, Frédéric. "Canotage et canotiers de la Seine : genèse du premier loisir moderne à Paris et dans ses environs (1800-1860)". Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010546.
Texto completoHissung-Convert, Nelly. "La spéculation boursière face au droit : 1799-1914". Bordeaux 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR40025.
Texto completoFinancial speculation is a social fact which arose into the society during the XIXth century. It accompanied the industrial revolution as it allowed to direct the savings towards the joint stock companies as well as towards the State. Nevertheless this social fact created difficulties and it has been seriously discussed. It was helpful for the economy but its morality was not sure and when the speculation appeared in the XIXth century, it bumped into the legal frame established. The freedom of contract was opposed to the public order whilst the economical needs were also in opposition with the precepts of morality. The acceptation of financial speculation by french law has not been easy in spite of the need of financing and it has been a long way for the french law to accept it and legalize it. The study of that way is particurlarly interesting to understand nowadays world
Rosental, Paul-André. "Espace et identités en France au XIXe siècle". Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0082.
Texto completoGestin, Daniel. "Le jeune lecteur en France de 1800 à 1850". Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20009.
Texto completoThe first half of the XIXth century in France is a period of time of special interest as to the study of the act of reading, especially for the youth -indeed those were decades of great economic, technological and social changes. As reading assumed a universal value, it progressively affected or concerned the youth in every social stratum. This study focuses on all the media and objects of reading as well as on its various modes and conditions for young readers. Reading was an act of great significance for the age group under study and as such it leads to a reflection on the concept of youth. This research goes into the close study of a corpus of 30 texts (mainly initiatory novels and autobiographies) in an attempt to "read the act of reading". To achieve this, the representations transmitted but also recreated through the process of writing are set against the history of books and of reading
Bahk, Hyun-Chan. "L'îlot institutionnel à Paris : projets, formation des édifices publics et art urbain au XIXe siècle". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010556.
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