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Al-Rahamneh, Harran Qoblan Mefleh. "Perceived exertion relationships and prediction of peak oxygen uptake in able-bodied and paraplegic individuals". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3005.
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Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) relates to how ‘hard’ or ‘easy’ an exercise feels. The Borg 6-20 RPE scale is the most widely used scale to estimate the overall, peripheral and central perception of effort. To date, there are a limited number of studies on the use and efficacy of perceived exertion in persons with spinal cord injury and/or disease. The findings from these studies are also equivocal. Therefore, the aims of this thesis were to assess: i) the relationship between the RPE and physical and physiological markers of exercise intensity during arm cranking exercise in able-bodied and individuals with spinal cord disease, ii) the efficacy of sub-maximal RPE values to predict peak oxygen uptake during arm cranking exercise in able-bodied and paraplegic individuals using different exercise protocols, iii) the scalar property of the RPE during arm cranking exercise in able-bodied and paraplegic individuals. To achieve these goals, the thesis has been broken down to a series of seven studies. In each of these studies, except study 6, a group of able-bodied and a group of paraplegic participants were recruited to asses these hypotheses. Paraplegic individuals had spinal cord injury with neurological levels at or below the sixth thoracic vertebra (T6) or flaccid paralysis as a result of poliomyelitis infection. These individuals were physically active and participated in sports like wheelchair basketball, weightlifting, wheelchair racing and table tennis at both professional and recreational levels. Able-bodied participants were healthy and free from pre-existing injuries and physically active but not arm-trained. There were strong relationships between the RPE and each of the physiological and physical indices of exercise intensity during arm cranking exercise regardless of group or gender. Peak oxygen uptake can be predicted with reasonable accuracy from sub-maximal oxygen uptake values elicited during a sub-maximal perceptually-guided, graded exercise test for paraplegic individuals but not for able-bodied participants. It has also been shown that peak oxygen uptake can be predicted from power output using the equation prescribed by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM, 2006). Furthermore, for able-bodied participants using estimation procedures, a passive process in which an individual is asked to rate how ‘hard’ or ‘easy’ an exercise feels, the ramp exercise test provided more accurate prediction of peak oxygen uptake compared to the graded exercise test. For paraplegic persons using estimation procedures, the graded exercise test provided more accurate prediction of peak oxygen uptake compared to the ramp exercise test. Finally, the scalar property of the RPE (i.e., similar proportions of time at a given RPE) was evident during arm cranking exercise regardless of group. In conclusion, the prediction of peak oxygen uptake from sub-maximal exercise tests would provide a safer environment of exercise testing. In addition, using a sub-maximal protocol would make peak oxygen uptake more available for sedentary and clinical population compared to the graded exercise test to volitional exhaustion. Prediction of peak oxygen uptake from power output using the ACSM equation would make the estimation of peak oxygen uptake more available for large groups of people. Similar proportions of time were observed at a given RPE regardless of group or exercise intensity. The early RPE responses will give an indicator for how long a participant is going to exercise. This has important implications for rehabilitation settings. Based on the RPE responses the tester or the observer can increase or decrease the work rate to enable the participant to exercise for the desired duration.
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Kiuchi, Ryota. "New Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Saudi Arabia and their Application to Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis". Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253095.
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Thornton, Craig Matthew. "Effects of Land Development on Peak Runoff Rate and its Prediction for Brigalow Catchments in Central Queensland, Australia". Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365709.
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The estimation of runoff volume and peak runoff rate has been the focus of significant
hydrological research worldwide. The results of these studies, usually in the form of empirical relationships or models, are intrinsically linked to the environment in which the study was conducted. This often limits the applicability and accuracy of the method of runoff estimation at alternative and ungauged locations. Within the brigalow belt of central Queensland, Australia, a scarcity of stream gauging stations to measure runoff volume and peak runoff rate has impeded research on the surface water hydrology of the region. Intermittent failure of these stations and consequently, multiple periods of missing data, have added further complexity and challenge to the understanding of catchment hydrology in the region.
Commencing in 1965 and continuing today, the Brigalow Catchment Study in central
Queensland has measured both runoff volume and peak runoff rate from three small
catchments which initially contained native brigalow scrub. The natural hydrology of the three catchments was characterised during a 17-year calibration period from 1965 to 1981. In 1982, two of the three catchments were cleared, with one developed for cropping and one developed for improved pasture, while the third was retained as an uncleared control catchment. Study of the effect of land development on surface hydrology commenced in 1984. Twenty-one years of record was used to quantify the changes in peak runoff rate associated with land development. Results however, were confounded by missing data. To allow for robust analysis, estimates of missing data were generated via three different methods: (1) multiple variable regression analyses; (2) Soil Conservation Service curve number and graphical peak discharge methodologies; and (3) a simple variable infiltration rate model. The suitability of each technique for the estimation of peak runoff rate was assessed using both graphical and numerical evaluation.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
Griffith School of Engineering
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Birch, Wiliiam John. "The prediction of peak particle velocity vibration levels in underground structures that arise as the result of surface blasting". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.659028.
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The author of this thesis has been involved in research into the environmental impact of blasting for over 34 years, initially as a founder member and then more recently as the director of the Blasting and Environmental Research Group [BERG]. BERG was originally established at the Department of Mining and Mineral Engineering at the University of Leeds and has a long history of research into the environmental impacts of blasting from quarries and opencast mines. This thesis is concerned with the prediction of peak particle velocity vibration levels in underground structures that arise as a result of surface blasting. It does this by examining two specific case studies at Taffs Wells and Whitwell Quarries in the wider context of the environmental impact of blasting. The initial sections are concerned with the fundamentals of surface blasting, the physics of blast vibrations, a brief history of blasting research in terms of environmental impact and a literature survey of previous case studies related to blast damage levels in underground structures.
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Wang, Zijian. "DM EMI Noise Analysis for Single Channel and Interleaved Boost PFC in Critical Conduction Mode". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32719.
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The critical conduction mode (CRM) power factor correction converters (PFC) are widely used in industry for low power offline switching mode power supplies. For the CRM PFC, the main advantage is to reduce turn-on loss of the main switch. However, the large inductor current ripple in CRM PFC creates huge DM EMI noise, which requires a big EMI filter. The switching frequency of the CRM PFC is variable in half line cycle which makes the EMI characteristics of the CRM PFC are not clear and have not been carefully investigated. The worst case of the EMI noise, which is the baseline to design the EMI filter, is difficult to be identified. In this paper, an approximate mathematical EMI noise model based on the investigation of the principle of the quasi-peak detection is proposed to predict the DM EMI noise of the CRM PFC. The developed prediction method is verified by measurement results and the predicted DM EMI noise is good to evaluate the EMI performance. Based on the noise prediction, the worst case analysis of the DM EMI noise in the CRM PFC is applied and the worst case can be found at some line and load condition, which will be a great help to the EMI filter design and meanwhile leave an opportunity for the optimization of the whole converter design.
What is more, the worst case analysis can be extended to 2-channel interleaved CRM PFC and some interesting characteristics can be observed. For example, the great EMI performance improvement through ripple current cancellation in traditional constant frequency PFC by using interleaving techniques will not directly apply to the CRM PFC due to its variable switching frequency. More research needs to be done to abstract some design criteria for the boost inductor and EMI filter in the interleaved CRM PFC.Master of Science
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Akeil, Salah. "Comparative Study On Ground Vibrations Prediction By Statistical And Neural Networks Approaches At Tuncbilek Coal Mine, Panel Byh". Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605058/index.pdf.
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In this thesis, ground vibrations induced by bench blasting from the Tunçbilek Coal Mine, Panel BYH, were measured to find out the site-specific attenuation and to assess the structural damage risk. A statistical approach is applied to the collected data, and from the data analysis an attenuation relationship is established to be used in predicting the peak particle velocity as well as to calculate the maximum allowable charge per delay. The values of frequencies are also analyzed to investigate the damage potential to the structures of Tunç
bilek Township. A new approach to predict the peak particle velocity is also proposed in this research study. A neural network technique from the branch of the artificial intelligence is put forward as an alternative approach to the statistical technique. Findings of this study indicate, according to USBM (1980) criteria, that there is no damage risk to the structures in Tunç
bilek Township induced by bench blasting performed at Tunç
bilek coal mine, Panel BYH. Therefore, it is concluded that the damage claims put forward by the inhabitants of Tunç
bilek township had no scientific bases. It is also concluded that the empirical statistical technique is not the only acceptable approach that can be taken into account in predicting the peak particle velocity. An alternative and interesting neural network approach can also give a satisfactory accuracy in predicting peak particle velocity when compared to a set of additional recorded data of PPV.
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Goutham, Mithun. "Machine learning based user activity prediction for smart homes". The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1595493258565743.
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Chen, Yuyao. "Contribution of machine learning to the prediction of building energy consumption". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, INSA, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ISAL0119.
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La prédiction de la consommation énergétique des bâtiments est aujourd’hui un point-clé de la transition énergétique, qui vise à atténuer les effets du réchauffement climatique. La quantité de données disponible étant de plus en plus importante, les modèles prédictifs dits « data-driven » voient leur performances croître constamment. Parmi ces modèles, ceux issus du Machine Learning sont probablement les plus efficaces. Au sein de cette thèse, nous proposons de réaliser un état de l’art complet des contributions du Machine Learning à la la prédiction de la consommation énergétique des bâtiments, via deux axes principaux : l’étape de pré-traitement des données préalable à l’utilisation d’un modèle de Machine Learning et les modèles en tant que tels, jusqu’aux plus complexes qui sont les réseaux neuronaux profonds. Malgré les performances de ces derniers, prédire avec précision la consommation d’électricité lorsque de fortes variations dans le temps apparaissent reste un défi. Pour le relever, nous proposons d’explorer deux voies : l’utilisation de fonctions de pertes soft-DTW et l’ajout de variables exogènes. L’application, à des données réelles, d’un réseau neuronal résiduel LSTM avec la fonction de perte soft-DTW, mène à une amélioration significative via notamment une meilleure compréhension des évolutions associées aux séries temporelles étudiées, en particulier pour les pics. Cependant, les métriques d’erreur classiques se révèlent insuffisantes pour évaluer et valider ou non le modèle prédictif. Nous introduisons donc une analyse de matrice de confusion et deux nouvelles métriques d’erreur : l’erreur de localisation temporelle du pic et l’erreur d’amplitude du pic basée sur l’algorithme DTW. Nos résultats révèlent que le soft-DTW surpasse les fonctions de perte MSE et MAE avec une réduction des erreurs associées à ces métriques, menant à une meilleure précision du modèle global. Afin de pénaliser la fonction de perte soft-DTW, un terme additionnel est introduit parmi l’erreur MSE, l’erreur MAE et l’indice de distorsion temporelle. Les résultats montrent que la pénalité MSE est la plus efficace pour réduire les problèmes de sur-estimation des pics et la réduction de l’effet dit « aigu » de ces pics. Concernant les variables exogènes, leur ajout combiné à la fonction de perte soft-DTW peut améliorer de façon significative notre modèle de prédiction : ainsi, les variables dites calendaires (temporelles) améliorent généralement la performance, en particulier si leur corrélation de Pearson avec la variable cible est importante. Cependant, si cette corrélation est relativement faible, l’inclusion de variables calendaires a un effet négatif sur la performance du modèle. Une conclusion similaire a été faite pour les variables météorologiquesThe ongoing energy transition, pivotal to mitigate global warming, could significantly benefit from advances in building energy consumption prediction. With the advent of big data, data-driven models are increasingly effective in forecasting tasks and machine learning is probably the most efficient method to build such predictive models nowadays. In this work, we provide a comprehensive review of machine learning techniques for forecasting, regarding preprocessing as well as state-of-the-art models such as deep neural networks. Despite the achievements of state-of-art models, accurately predicting high-fluctuation electricity consumption still remains a challenge. To tackle this challenge, we propose to explore two paths: the utilization of soft-DTW loss functions and the inclusion of exogenous variables. By applying the soft-DTW loss function with a residual LSTM neural network on a real dataset, we observed significant improvements in capturing the patterns of high-fluctuation load series, especially in peak prediction. However, conventional error metrics prove insufficient in adequately measuring this ability. We therefore introduce confusion matrix analysis and two new error metrics: peak position error and peak load error based on the DTW algorithm. Our findings reveal that soft-DTW outperforms MSE and MAE loss functions with lower peak position and peak load error. We also incorporate soft-DTW loss function with MSE, MAE, and Time Distortion Index. The results show that combining the MSE loss function performs the best and helps alleviate the problem of overestimated and sharp peaks problems occured. By adding exogenous variables with soft-DTW loss functions, the inclusion of calendar variables generally enhances the model’s performance, particularly when these variables exhibit higher Pearson’s correlation coefficients with the target variable. However, when the correlation between the calendar variables and the historical load patterns is relatively low, their inclusion has a negative impact on the model’s performance. A similar relationship is observed with weather variables
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Hiesböcková, Tereza. "Předpovídání povodňových průtoků v měrných profilech Borovnice - Dalečín". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225458.
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Aim of a work is construction of forecasting models for prediction of flood flows of measuring profile Borovnice – Dalečín on the river Svratka. As a tool for issuing predictions will be used classic hydrological forecasting models, and models based on artificial intelligence methods. Predictive model will be consisting from summer flood flows for the years 1997-2007. In the end of the work will chosen a better method for issuing forecasts
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Preisler, Frederik. "Predicting peak flows for urbanising catchments". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1992.
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Åkesson, Anna. "Hydraulic- hydromorphologic analysis as an aid for improving peak flow predictions". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Vattendragsteknik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-25425.
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Conventional hydrological compartmental models have been shown to exhibit a high degree of uncertainty for predictions of peak flows, such as the design floods for design of hydropower infrastructure. One reason for these uncertainties is that conventional models are parameterised using statistical methods based on how catchments have responded in the past. Because the rare occurrence of peak flows, these are underrepresented during the periods used for calibration. This implies that the model has to be extrapolated beyond the discharge intervals where it has been calibrated. In this thesis, hydromechanical approaches are used to investigate the properties of stream networks, reflecting mechanisms including stage dependency, damming effects, interactions between tributaries (network effects) and the topography of the stream network. Further, it is investigated how these properties can be incorporated into the streamflow response functions of compartmental hydrological models. The response of the stream network was shown to vary strongly with stage in a non-linear manner, an effect that is commonly not accounted for in model formulation. The non-linearity is particularly linked to the flooding of stream channels and interactions with the flow on flood-plains. An evaluation of the significance of using physically based response functions on discharge predictions in a few sub-catchments in Southern Sweden show improvements (compared to a conventional model) in discharge predictions – particularly when modelling peak discharges. An additional benefit of replacing statistical parameterisation methods with physical parameterisation methods is the possibility of hydrological modelling during non-stationary conditions, such as the ongoing climate change.QC 20101022
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Reid, Andrea. "Predicting peak refugia for mitigating impacts of invasive predatory fishes". Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114304.
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Areas outside the distributional boundaries of an introduced predator may be exploited by native prey as refugia from predation. A classic example is the Lake Victoria basin of East Africa where hypoxic (low oxygen) wetlands serve as refugia for some native fishes from introduced Nile perch (Lates niloticus). In this thesis I quantified patterns of wetland refugia use in Lake Nabugabo, Uganda, a satellite of Lake Victoria, to achieve two primary goals: (i) identify peak refugia, where the greatest abundance and richness of native fishes persist, and (ii) directly link hypoxia tolerance of native and introduced fishes to their wetland distributions. A field survey indicated that peak refugia occur at the lake-wetland edge, and that strong edge-related gradients are shaping the fish assemblage structure of wetland habitats. Species richness and diversity were positively related to dissolved oxygen availability, and negatively related to temperature, pH, and vegetation density. Experiments quantifying the behavioural response of fish to progressive hypoxia revealed the highest tolerance to hypoxia in the swamp specialist Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor, when compared with three taxa found at the lake-wetland edge: juvenile endemic haplochromine cichlids, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and Nile perch. Tolerance to hypoxia decreased with increased body size in Nile perch, which may limit penetration of the wetland edge in larger-bodied Nile perch. By establishing a link between physico-chemical gradients and peak refugia our study points to the importance of invader-edge dynamics in determining the outcome of interactions between introduced predators and resident prey.Les zones hors des frontières de répartition d'un prédateur introduit peuvent être exploitées par des proies indigènes comme refuge contre la prédation. Un exemple classique est le bassin du lac Victoria en Afrique de l'Est, où les zones humides hypoxiques (oxygène faible) servent de refuge pour certaines espèces de poissons indigènes de la perche du Nil (Lates niloticus) introduite. Dans cette thèse, j'ai quantifiée les modes d'utilisation des zones humides dans le lac Nabugabo, Ouganda, un satellite du lac Victoria, afin d'atteindre deux objectifs principaux: (i) identifier les refuges de pointe, où la plus grande abondance et richesse de poissons indigènes persistent, et (ii) relier directement la tolérance à l'hypoxie de poissons indigènes et introduits à leurs distributions dans les zones humides. Une enquête de terrain a indiqué que le refuge de pointe se trouve au bord du lac dans les zones humides, et que la structure des communautés de ces zones est liée aux gradients écologiques. La richesse et la diversité d'espèces étaient positivement liés à la disponibilité d'oxygène dissous, et négativement liés à la température, le pH, et la densité de végétation. Les expériences qui ont quantifier la réponse comportementale des poissons à l'hypoxie progressive ont révélés le plus haut taux de tolérance chez le spécialiste des marais, Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor, en comparaison à trois taxons présents au bord des zones humides: les cichlidés endémiques, la tilapia du Nil (Oreochromis niloticus), et la perche du Nil. La tolérance à l'hypoxie a diminuée selon la taille du corps chez la perche du Nil, ce qui peut limiter la pénétration des zones humides pour ce qui sont grandes. Cette étude démontre l'importance des dynamiques des refuges de pointe en déterminant les interactions entre les prédateurs introduits et les proies résidentes.
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Tejral, Ronald. "Impact of dam and reservoir parameters on peak breach discharge predictions for two models". Click HERE to connect, 2009. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/Tejral_okstate_0664M_10170.pdf.
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Fairfield, Eric S. (Eric Scott). "Predicting Peak Oxygen Uptake from Ratings of Perceived Exertion During Submaximal Cycle Ergometry". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500580/.
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The purpose of this study was to predict VO2pak using ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate (HR), and percent fat (PFAT). Subjects were males (n= 60) (PFAT, M SD = 14.4 6.1) and females (n= 67) (PFAT, M SD = 23.4 4.9) with ages ranging from 18 to 33 years. Subjects performed an incremental cycle ergometer protocol and RPE, HR and Vo2 were measured at each stage until VO2 ak was achieved. Mean RPE and HR at the submaximal workload of 100 watts were, (RPE100) M= 12.7 2.6 and (HR100) M= 146.924.7 respectively. Correlations (p< .001) with VO2p. were -.75 (PFAT), -.66 (HR100), -.67 (FIPE100). The multiple correlation using PFAT, HR100, and RPE100 as predictors of VO2pak was .83 (SEE= 5.28 ml-kg BW'smin"). Each predictor contributed to the correlation (p<.01). The results indicate that PFAT combined with exercise responses of RPE and HR provide valid estimates of VO2peak with a relatively small SEE.
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Moravej, Mohammadtaghi. "Investigating Scale Effects on Analytical Methods of Predicting Peak Wind Loads on Buildings". FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3799.
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Large-scale testing of low-rise buildings or components of tall buildings is essential as it provides more representative information about the realistic wind effects than the typical small scale studies, but as the model size increases, relatively less large-scale turbulence in the upcoming flow can be generated. This results in a turbulence power spectrum lacking low-frequency turbulence content. This deficiency is known to have significant effects on the estimated peak wind loads.
To overcome these limitations, the method of Partial Turbulence Simulation (PTS) has been developed recently in the FIU Wall of Wind lab to analytically compensate for the effects of the missing low-frequency content of the spectrum. This method requires post-test analysis procedures and is based on the quasi-steady assumptions. The current study was an effort to enhance that technique by investigating the effect of scaling and the range of applicability of the method by considering the limitations risen from the underlying theory, and to simplify the 2DPTS (includes both in-plane components of the turbulence) by proposing a weighted average method. Investigating the effect of Reynolds number on peak aerodynamic pressures was another objective of the study.
The results from five tested building models show as the model size was increased, PTS results showed a better agreement with the available field data from TTU building. Although for the smaller models (i.e., 1:100,1:50) almost a full range of turbulence spectrum was present, the highest peaks observed at full-scale were not reproduced, which apparently was because of the Reynolds number effect. The most accurate results were obtained when the PTS was used in the case with highest Reynolds number, which was the1:6 scale model with a less than 5% blockage and a xLum/bm ratio of 0.78. Besides that, the results showed that the weighted average PTS method can be used in lieu of the 2DPTS approach. So to achieve the most accurate results, a large-scale test followed by a PTS peak estimation method deemed to be the desirable approach which also allows the xLum/bm values much smaller than the ASCE recommended numbers.
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Callahan, Zachary. "The Effect of Varying Cadence in Cycle Ergometry on Submaximal Predictions of Peak Oxygen Uptake". TopSCHOLAR®, 2006. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/445.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect that varying cadence had on the ability of a submaximal cycle ergometry test to accurately predict peak oxygen uptake (VO2) using the standard YMCA protocol workloads. There has been limited scholarship investigating the effect that varying cadence has on trained cyclists and almost none on untrained participants. For this study twelve moderately healthy participants (age: 20.75 ± 1.87, body fat: 15.8 ± 4.91 %) who did not use cycling as part of their workout regime performed a peak VO2 cycle test and three randomized submaximal tests. The three submaximal tests followed the standard YMCA protocol except the cadence was increased to 70 rpm for one and 90 rpm for the other. Heart rate and RPE data were gathered every minute and upon completion of the submaximal tests, and a linear analysis was performed using age predicted maximal heart rate to estimate peak VO2 which was subsequently compared to measured VO2 peak obtained during maximal test to determine variability and error. Bland-Altman plot analysis revealed the standard YMCA protocol of 50-rpm underestimated 67.5% of the participant's predicted peak VO2 scores with large variability in all predictions with a standard deviation of 0.844 liters/minute. The 70-rpm protocol underestimated all predicted peak scores by an average of 19% with a standard deviation of 0.40 liters/minute. Just as the 50-rpm protocol, the 90-rpm protocol showed large variability with 75% of the predicted scores being underestimated and the standard deviation was 0.76 liters/minutes. This data demonstrates that varying cadence has a large effect on the ability of submaximal tests to accurately predict peak VO2 and further scholarship should be performed to determine other possible improvements in protocols to increase the validity and accuracy of submaximal tests.
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Asghari, Mooneghi Maryam. "Experimental and Analytical Methodologies for Predicting Peak Loads on Building Envelopes and Roofing Systems". FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1846.
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The performance of building envelopes and roofing systems significantly depends on accurate knowledge of wind loads and the response of envelope components under realistic wind conditions. Wind tunnel testing is a well-established practice to determine wind loads on structures. For small structures much larger model scales are needed than for large structures, to maintain modeling accuracy and minimize Reynolds number effects. In these circumstances the ability to obtain a large enough turbulence integral scale is usually compromised by the limited dimensions of the wind tunnel meaning that it is not possible to simulate the low frequency end of the turbulence spectrum. Such flows are called flows with Partial Turbulence Simulation.
In this dissertation, the test procedure and scaling requirements for tests in partial turbulence simulation are discussed. A theoretical method is proposed for including the effects of low-frequency turbulences in the post-test analysis. In this theory the turbulence spectrum is divided into two distinct statistical processes, one at high frequencies which can be simulated in the wind tunnel, and one at low frequencies which can be treated in a quasi-steady manner. The joint probability of load resulting from the two processes is derived from which full-scale equivalent peak pressure coefficients can be obtained. The efficacy of the method is proved by comparing predicted data derived from tests on large-scale models of the Silsoe Cube and Texas-Tech University buildings in Wall of Wind facility at Florida International University with the available full-scale data.
For multi-layer building envelopes such as rain-screen walls, roof pavers, and vented energy efficient walls not only peak wind loads but also their spatial gradients are important. Wind permeable roof claddings like roof pavers are not well dealt with in many existing building codes and standards. Large-scale experiments were carried out to investigate the wind loading on concrete pavers including wind blow-off tests and pressure measurements. Simplified guidelines were developed for design of loose-laid roof pavers against wind uplift. The guidelines are formatted so that use can be made of the existing information in codes and standards such as ASCE 7-10 on pressure coefficients on components and cladding.
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Kucukdogan, Bilge. "Direct Use Of Pgv For Estimating Peak Nonlinear Oscillator Displacements". Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609034/index.pdf.
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DIRECT USE OF PGV FOR ESTIMATING PEAK NONLINEAR OSCILLATOR
DISPLACEMENTS
KÜÇ
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KDOGAN, Bilge Recently established approximate methods for estimating the lateral deformation demands on structures are based on the prediction of nonlinear oscillator displacements (Sd,ie). In this study, a predictive model is proposed to estimate the inelastic spectral displacement as a function of peak ground velocity (PGV). Prior to the generation of the proposed model, nonlinear response history analysis is conducted on several building models of wide fundamental period range and hysteretic behavior to observe the performance of selected demands and the chosen ground-motion intensity measures (peak ground acceleration, PGA, peak ground velocity, PGV and elastic pseudo spectral acceleration at the fundamental period (PSa(T1)). Confined to the building models used and ground motion dataset, the correlation studies revealed the superiority of PGV with respect to the other intensity measures while identifying the variation in global deformation demands of structural systems (i.e., maximum roof and maximum interstory drift ratio). This rational is the deriving force for proposing the PGV based prediction model. The proposed model accounts for the variation of Sd,ie for bilinear hysteretic behavior under constant ductility (µ
) and normalized strength ratio (R) associated with postyield stiffness ratios of = 0% and = 5%. Confined to the limitations imposed by the ground-motion database, the predictive model can estimate Sd,ie by employing the PGV predictions obtained from the attenuation relationships. This way the influence of important seismological parameters can be incorporated to the variation of Sd,ie in a fairly rationale manner. Various case studies are presented to show the consistent estimations of Sd,ie by the proposed model using the PGV values obtained from recent ground motion prediction equations.
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Bibble, Anthony John. "Factors associated with pea foot rot complex and methods of disease prediction". Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332893.
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Leao, Duncan y Aregai Tecle. "Predicting Event Based Peak Discharges Resulting from Thinning and Wildfire for the Upper Rio de Flag Watershed, Flagstaff, Arizona". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296630.
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Michelini, Elisa. "Integration of Energy and Power Predictive Model in Material Flow Simulation: hybrid modelling by using AutoMod ® and Matlab ®". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Buscar texto completoResumen
In questa tesi viene proposto un metodo per integrare un modulo per la previsione della domanda di energia e di potenza, sviluppato in MATLAB®, nel software di simulazione AutoMod®, con l’obiettivo di fornire un simulatore in grado di valutare le prestazioni degli AS/RSs anche dal punto di vista energetico. MATLAB® è una piattaforma di calcolo numerico che offre un linguaggio di programmazione avanzato per lo sviluppo di modelli matematici. AutoMod® è un software di simulazione ad eventi discreti largamente utilizzato per la rappresentazione e la valutazione del flusso di materiali nei sistemi logistici e di produzione. L’accoppiamento è stato realizzato attraverso la modellazione ibrida tra i due software, adottando un approccio modulare. Il modello matematico per predire il consumo energetico e di potenza è stato sviluppato interamente nel software di programmazione MATLAB®, per sfruttarne appieno le potenzialità di calcolo all’interno del suo dominio. La libreria dinamica a collegamento dinamico (DLL) è stata scelta come mezzo attraverso il quale realizzare l’accoppiamento, perché, per la sua natura, promuove la modularizzazione dei programmi. La fase fondamentale della ricerca è stata lo sviluppo di un’interfaccia di comunicazione in linguaggio di programmazione C, elemento per concretizzare l’integrazione del modulo energetico nel simulatore. Il metodo proposto si è rivelato efficace ai fini dell'integrazione tra MATLAB® e AutoMod® ed è, inoltre, facilmente estensibile a progetti analoghi, anche in ambito non energetico.
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Rae, Stuart Andrew. "Measuring and predicting the mobilisation of carbon from peat and its impacts on runoff and gas emissions". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/measuring-and-predicting-the-mobilisation-of-carbon-from-peat-and-its-impacts-on-runoff-and-gas-emissions(707f842c-ea4f-41ce-96ae-ae23b8ff55e8).html.
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This work examines the chemical composition of peatland soils and their associated fluxes of organic carbon. This thesis has demonstrated through the long-term incubations of peat material that ex-situ greenhouse gas (GHG) production from peats is variable over time, despite constant conditions during the incubation period, suggesting that the uncertainties associated with ex-situ GHG measurements of peat may have often been underestimated. In addition, the in-situ GHG monitoring carried out in this research suggests the ability of O2 to penetrate into even the deepest regions of the peat profile, potentially providing a possible explanation for the temporal variability in GHG production. This work has also demonstrated how peatland restoration may potentially affect the mobilisation of carbon from peatland sites. The simulations of runoff derived from Sphagnum vegetation and areas bare peat show significantly different chemical compositions and behaviour when treated with iron flocculating agents, suggesting that the re-vegetation of upland peats to reduce GHG emissions may have the additional benefit of making the peat runoff easier to treat. However, the assessment of the restoration campaign carried out across a lowland peat mire suggests that the restoration of the site has introduced a significant variability into the hydrology of the restored areas of the bog, which may have triggered a change in the chemical composition of the bog and increased in-situ concentrations of GHGs within the peat. In addition, the utility of chemical analysis in the differentiation of spatially and temporarily different peats and prediction of their operational behaviour has been examined. This analysis has suggested that although certain analytical methods may be inappropriate for predicting future behaviour, they may prove useful as a means of monitoring peatland restoration.
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Westblad, Niklas. "Biologisk åldersbestämning ur ett träningsplaneringsperspektiv : En sammanställning av somatiska mätmetoder". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för idrottsvetenskap (ID), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-66102.
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Sammanfattning Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vilken eller vilka somatiska mätmetoder som har störst tillämpbarhet för att praktiskt genomföra en biologisk åldersuppskattning för en tränare. Metod För att besvara studiens frågeställning har sökningar genomförts i databaserna PubMed och Google Scholar. Information har även sökts i relevant facklitteratur inom barn- och ungdomsträning samt i relevanta studiers referenslistor. Resultat Tre somatiska mätmetoder kunde presenteras i form av tid för högst tillväxtspurt (PHV) av Mirwald et al (2002), Fysiskt utvecklingsindex (KEI) av Bauer från 1982 (Tonkonogi & Bellardini 2012, s 25) och uppskattad vuxenlängd mot Tannerkriterierna (PAH) (Khamis & Roche 1995; Cumming et al 2017). Resultatet indikerar att KEI-metoden är den mätmetod som har störst validitet (r > 0,89). För praktisk tillämpbarhet verkar en kombination av PHV och PAH-metoderna vara mest lämpad för en biologisk åldersuppskattning för tränare i en fältmiljö. Slutsats Studiens slutsats är att tränare rekommenderas att använda sig av en kombination av PHV och PAH. De är två metoder som används flitigt inom den internationella litteraturen och verkar kunna användas ihop för att indikera tiden för PHV, som är en frekvent använd indikator för vilka delkapaciteter som är träningsbara för en individ i puberteten. Nyckelord: biologisk ålder, peak height velocity, predictive adult height, tannerkriterierna
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Etebu, Ebimieowei. "Molecular detection and quantification of the pea footrot disease pathogen (Nectria haematococca) in agricultural soils : a potential model for disease prediction". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489714.
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In this research, PCR-based detection assays were developed to detect and quantify three N. haematococca pathogenicity genes (PDA, PEP3 and PEP5) both from isolates and DNA extracted from agricultural fields with footrot history. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), gene cloning and sequencing assays were used to explore the diversity of these genes in agricultural soils. The applicability of using quantitative (real-time) PCR to quantify these genes in infected soils was validated. Furthermore, biotic and abiotic factors that interact to cause pea footrot disease in soil were also studied. Results showed that the PDAH allele of the PDA gene, responsible for rapid demethylation of the phytoalexin pisatin, together with PEP3 and PEP5 genes promotes maximal footrot disease in peas. DGGE results showed diversity amongst PDA and PEP5 partial gene sequences amplified from agricultural soil-DNA. Partial PEP3 gene sequences showed no diversity. There was a positive correlation between numbers of pathogenic N. haematococca spores and numbers of pea pathogenicity genes in soil. Pea pathogenicity gene numbers of up to 100 per gram of soil constituted a threshold number for pea footrot infection; potentially capable of causing footrot disease of economic proportion. A disease model that included total phosphate, carbon and ammonium-nitrogen was identified with stepwise regression analysis (R² = 0.42). The PCR-based techniques developed herein are viable and reliable alternatives to culture-based assays for accurate detection and quantification of pathogenic N. haematococca in soils. They offer the opportunity for quantitative prediction of pea footrot infections in agricultural soils prior to cultivation.
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Kourtopoulos, Angeliki. "Perceived Educational Control (PEC) associated with Age, Parental Educational Attainment (PEA), School Type and Sex : A cross-sectional study including predictions and variations". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23666.
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The current study mapped trajectories of perceived educational control (PEC) through its association with age, parental educational attainment (PEA), school type (public or private) and sex. The study surveyed 280 Australian formal students, in a cross-sectional design, between the ages of 17 and 25. Results displayed increased age predicting higher levels of PEC. Having one educated parent predicted greater PEC across age than did having no educated parents. Interestingly, having two educated parents did not significantly elevate PEC. Awaited, was the insignificance of sex in the predictions of PEC, meanwhile school type, yet also an insignificant predictor has opened up for further discussion. No differences were found in PEC levels between school types or genders. Future research should include cultural background of the participant and school attended. Another useful perspective would be measured PEC in relation to likelihood of studying; for those finishing secondary school, or currently not studying.Den aktuella studien mäter upplevd utbildningskontroll genom sin koppling till ålder, föräldrarnas utbildningsnivå, skolform (offentlig eller privat) och kön. I studien undersöktes 280 australienska studerande, i en tvärsnittsdesign, mellan åldrarna 17 och 25. Resultaten visar på att högre ålder förutsäger ökningar i upplevd utbildningskontroll. Att ha en utbildad förälder förutspår högre upplevd utbildningskontroll (över ålder) än att inte ha någon utbildad förälder. Dock visar det sig att ha två utbildade föräldrar inte signifikant höjer upplevd utbildningskontroll. Som väntat, förutsåg inte kön upplevd utbildningskontroll, likaså förutsåg inte skolform nivåer av upplevd utbildningskontroll, men denna prediktor har öppnat upp för vidare diskussion. Inga skillnader påträffades i upplevd utbildningskontroll nivåer mellan skoltyperna eller könen. Framtida forskning bör omfatta kulturell bakgrund av deltagaren samt skolan som respondenten gått i. Ett annat användbart perspektiv mäter upplevd utbildningskontroll i förhållande till sannolikheten att studera i framtiden; för dem som för närvarande inte studerar, eller avslutar gymnasiet.
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Al-Hadban, Yehya. "Demand-side management in office buildings in Kuwait through an ice-storage assisted HVAC system with model predictive control". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3885.
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Examining methods for controlling the electricity demand in Kuwait was the main
objective and motivation of this researchp roject. The extensiveu se of air-conditioning
for indoor cooling in office and large commercial buildings in Kuwait and the Gulf
States represents a major part of the power and electricity consumption in such
countries. The rising electricity generation cost and growing rates of consumption
continuously demand the construction new power plants. Devising and enforcing
Demand-SideM anagemen(t DSM) in the form of energye fficient operations trategies
was the response of this research project to provide a means to rectify this situation
using the demand-side management technique known as demand levelling or load
shifting. State of the art demand-sidem anagementte chniquesh ave been examined
through the developmenot f a model basedp redictive control optimisations trategyf or
an integrateda ndm odulara pproachto the provisiono f ice thermals torage.
To evaluate the potential of ice-storage assisted air-conditioning systems in flattening
the demand curve at peak times during the summer months in Kuwait, a model of a
Heating, Ventilation, and Air-conditioning (HVAC) plant was developed in Matlab. The
model engaged the use of model based predictive control (MPQ as an optimisation tool
for the plant as a whole. The model with MPC was developed to chose and decide on
which control strategy to operate the integrated ice-storage HVAC plant. The model
succeeded in optimising the operation of the plant and introduced encouraging
improvement of the performance of the system as a whole.
The concept of the modular ice-storage system was introduced through a control zoning
strategy based on zonal orientation. It is believed that such strategy could lead to the
modularisation of ice-storage systems. Additionally, the model was examined and tested
in relation to load flattening and demonstrated promising enhancement in the shape of
the load curve and demonstrated flattened demand curves through the employed
strategy. When compared with measured data from existing buildings, the model
showed potential for the techniques utilised to improve the load factor for office
buildings.
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Pina, Pérez Maria Consuelo. "Aplicación de tecnologías no térmicas de conservación, pulsos eléctricos de alta intensidad (PEAI) y altas presiones hidrostáticas (APH), para el control de Cronobacter sakazakii en fórmulas lácteas infantiles: desarrollo de modelos predictivos y evaluación de la exposición". Doctoral thesis, Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/14177.
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La presente tesis doctoral ahonda en dar respuesta a las exigencias de la FAO/OMS (2006) en cuanto al desarrollo de métodos bactericidas alternativos al térmico, aplicables a fórmulas infantiles reconstituidas (RPIFM) de preparados en polvo, principal vía de transmisión de un microorganismo patógeno emergente Cronobacter sakazakii.
El principal objetivo sobre el que versan los estudios recogidos en la presente tesis doctoral es la aplicación de tecnologías no-térmicas de conservación, como barreras para controlar e inactivar el microorganismo C. sakazakii en RPIFM.
La metodología de trabajo se basa en la aplicación de pulsos eléctricos de alta intensidad (PEAI) y altas presiones hidrostáticas (APH), mediante el uso de equipos a nivel de planta piloto. Se plantea también la adición de un ingrediente natural con capacidad antimicrobiana sobre la fórmula láctea tratada por PEAI. Además, se aplicarán herramientas de simulación para llevar a cabo una valoración de la exposición a C. sakazakii en ambiente hospitalario.
Los principales resultados de la presente tesis doctoral ponen de manifiesto la efectividad de las tecnologías de PEAI y APH en el control del microorganismo alcanzando valores de inactivación que van desde [0.88-1.22] ciclos log10 a [2-7] ciclos log10 respectivamente. Ambas tecnologías dan lugar a la generación de células subletalmente dañadas, presentando éstas, una mayor sensibilidad frente a la aplicación de métodos barrera sucesivos, como en este caso, la refrigeración o la adición de un ingrediente natural con capacidad antimicrobiana. Por tanto, podemos concluir que la incorporación sucesiva de diferentes métodos de control, "tecnología de barreras", resulta eficaz para controlar e inactivar al microorganismo C. sakazakii en RPIFM.Pina Pérez, MC. (2011). Aplicación de tecnologías no térmicas de conservación, pulsos eléctricos de alta intensidad (PEAI) y altas presiones hidrostáticas (APH), para el control de Cronobacter sakazakii en fórmulas lácteas infantiles: desarrollo de modelos predictivos y evaluación de la exposición [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/14177
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Higashi, Susan. "MiRNA and co : methodologically exploring the world of small RNAs". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10252/document.
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La principale contribution de cette thèse est le développement d'une méthode fiable, robuste, et rapide pour la prédiction des pré-miARNs. Deux objectifs avaient été assignés : efficacité et flexibilité. L'efficacité a été rendue possible au moyen d'un algorithme quadratique. La flexibilité repose sur deux aspects, la nature des données expérimentales et la position taxonomique de l'organisme (en particulier plantes ou animaux). Mirinho accepte en entrée des séquences de génomes complets mais aussi les très nombreuses séquences résultant d'un séquençage massif de type NGS de “RNAseq”. “L'universalité” taxonomique est obtenu par la possibilité de modifier les contraintes sur les tailles de la tige (double hélice) et de la boule terminale. Dans le cas de la prédiction des miARN de plantes la plus grande longueur de leur pré-miARN conduit à des méthodes d'extraction de la structure secondaire en tige-boule moins précises. Mirinho prend en compte ce problème lui permettant de fournir des structures secondaires de pré-miARN plus semblables à celles de miRBase que les autres méthodes disponibles. Mirinho a été utilisé dans le cadre de deux questions biologiques précises l'une concernant des RNAseq l'autre de l'ADN génomique. La première question a conduit au traitement et l'analyse des données RNAseq de Acyrthosiphon pisum, le puceron du pois. L'objectif était d'identifier les miARN qui sont différentiellement exprimés au cours des quatre stades de développement de cette espèce et sont donc des candidats à la régulation des gènes au cours du développement. Pour cette analyse, nous avons développé un pipeline, appelé MirinhoPipe. La deuxieme question a permis d'aborder les problèmes liés à la prévision et l'analyse des ARN non-codants (ARNnc) dans la bactérie Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Alvinho a été développé pour la prédiction de cibles des miRNA autour d'une segmentation d'une séquence numérique et de la détection de la conservation des séquences entre ncRNA utilisant un graphe k-partite. Nous avons finalement abordé un problème lié à la recherche de motifs conservés dans un ensemble de séquences et pouvant ainsi correspondre à des éléments fonctionnelsThe main contribution of this thesis is the development of a reliable, robust, and much faster method for the prediction of pre-miRNAs. With this method, we aimed mainly at two goals: efficiency and flexibility. Efficiency was made possible by means of a quadratic algorithm. Flexibility relies on two aspects, the input type and the organism clade. Mirinho can receive as input both a genome sequence and small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq) data of both animal and plant species. To change from one clade to another, it suffices to change the lengths of the stem-arms and of the terminal loop. Concerning the prediction of plant miRNAs, because their pre-miRNAs are longer, the methods for extracting the hairpin secondary structure are not as accurate as for shorter sequences. With Mirinho, we also addressed this problem, which enabled to provide pre-miRNA secondary structures more similar to the ones in miRBase than the other available methods. Mirinho served as the basis to two other issues we addressed. The first issue led to the treatment and analysis of sRNA-seq data of Acyrthosiphon pisum, the pea aphid. The goal was to identify the miRNAs that are expressed during the four developmental stages of this species, allowing further biological conclusions concerning the regulatory system of such an organism. For this analysis, we developed a whole pipeline, called MirinhoPipe, at the end of which Mirinho was aggregated. We then moved on to the second issue, that involved problems related to the prediction and analysis of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the bacterium Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. A method, called Alvinho, was thus developed for the prediction of targets in this bacterium, together with a pipeline for the segmentation of a numerical sequence and detection of conservation among ncRNA sequences using a kpartite graph. We finally addressed a problem related to motifs, that is to patterns, that may be composed of one or more parts, that appear conserved in a set of sequences and may correspond to functional elements
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Quantin, Paul. "Étude du métabolisme cutané des xénobiotiques dans un contexte d’évaluation du risque pour l’Homme". Thesis, Compiègne, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018COMP2404.
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L’évaluation du devenir d’une substance appliquée sur la peau, ou dermatocinétique, est une étape importante pour décrire l’exposition de la molécule dans un organisme. Dans le cadre d’évaluation du risque toxicologique des produits cosmétiques, les mécanismes impliqués doivent être appréciés pour réduire le risque de développer des effets secondaires dermiques. Il est admis que le métabolisme de la peau peut jouer un rôle important dans la biotransformation de molécules capables de traverser la couche cornée. Même si l'activité basale est très faible, souvent proche des limites de détection, certaines enzymes peuvent être induites par divers composés chimiques. Les objectifs de cette thèse sont au nombre de deux : l’étude fondamentale de la régulation de l’induction du métabolisme et le développement d’un modèle appliqué à la simulation du métabolisme. A partir des différents modèles de peau disponibles en recherche, des études d’induction ont été menées à plusieurs échelles. In vitro, l’utilisation de méthodes de biologie moléculaire a permis d’étudier les mécanismes d’induction transcriptionnelle des cytochromes-P450 dans la peau. Les résultats d’induction transcriptomiques ont été confirmés par des études d’activité enzymatique. Le travail a été poursuivi par des études in vivo pour établir un mécanisme physiologique d’induction de l’expression d’enzymes dans la peau après une exposition systémique à un agent inducteur. Dans la deuxième partie du projet, un bioréacteur a été conçu pour simuler absorption et métabolisme afin de disposer d’un modèle prédictif de la dermatocinétique. Les expérimentations se sont concentrées sur la mise au point d’une puce enzymatique par autoassemblage couche-par-couche de fractions membranaires exprimaient des enzymes d’intérêt et d’un polymère. Les surfaces fonctionnalisées ont été caractérisées à l’aide de diverses méthodes physicochimiques. Une étude « preuve de concept » du bioréacteur en configuration complète a conclu le travail expérimental. Les savoir et savoir-faire acquis dans ce projet pourront être utilisés pour mieux comprendre l’impact du métabolisme cutané sur la biodisponibilité et les conséquences pour l’évaluation du risque pour l’hommeThe assessment of the fate of a substance applied to the skin, or dermatokinetics, is a crucial step in describing the exposure of the molecule in an organism. For toxicological risk assessment of cosmetic products, this mechanism should be evaluated to reduce the risk of developing dermal side effects. It is increasingly recognized that skin metabolism can play a key role in the biotransformation of molecules capable to cross the stratum corneum. Although basal activity is very low, often close to detection limits, some enzymes can be induced by various compounds. The objectives of this thesis are twofold: the fundamental study of the induction regulation of metabolism and the development of a model applied to the simulation of skin metabolism. From the various skin models available for research, induction studies have been carried out at several scales. In vitro, the use of molecular biology methods allowed to study the mechanisms of transcriptional induction of cytochromes-P450 in the skin. Transcriptomic induction results were confirmed by enzymatic activity studies. The work was continued by in vivo studies to establish a physiological mechanism for induction of skin enzymes expression after a systemic exposure to an inducing agent. In the second part of the project, a bioreactor was designed to simulate absorption and metabolism in order to establish a predictive model of dermatokinetic. The experiments are concentrated on the development of an enzymatic chip using a layer-by-layer self-assembly of membrane fractions, expressing enzymes of interest and a polymer. Physicochemical methods were used to characterize the functionalized surfaces. A "proof of concept" study of the bioreactor in full configuration concluded the experimental work. The knowledge and expertise acquired in this project can be used to better understand the impact of cutaneous metabolism on the bioavailability and consequences for human risk assessment
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Hung, Yi-Fa y 洪益發. "Peak Flow Prediction of Typhoon-induced Floods". Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79622139427164711942.
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博士國立中興大學
水土保持學系
93
Prediction on magnitude and reaching time of peak flow for typhoon-induced floods were undertaken for Nan-Bei-Tong Bridge watershed in this paper. The optimal unit hydrograph is obtained by using genetic algorithms to calibrate rainfall-runoff relationship. The fuzzy Φvalue is added for the purpose of precise prediction. No.1, No.2, No.3, No.6, and No.9 tracks, classified by CWB, were selected for case study. A pair of typhoon cases from each track, one for calibration, the other for validation except No.1 and No.9 tracks, that is, 8 typhoon events were studied in this paper. The study watershed is located at sub-stream called Bei-Gang creek within Wu-Si river basin in Central Taiwan. There are three rainfall stations named Ching-Liu, Huei-Sun, and Cuei-Fong, and one stage station named Nan-Bei-Tong Bridge in this watershed. The typhoons information is downloaded from website of Central Weather Bureau, and the observed data of rainfall and runoff are collected from Water Resources Agency. For the calibration procedures, the errors limits less than 1% the deviations of magnitude of peal flow is +0cms (error ratio +0%) of Typhoon Nelson (No.1 track), +0cms (error ratio +0%) of Typhoon Yancy (No.2 track), +1cms (error ratio +0.26%) of Typhoon Sarah (No.3 track), -2cms (error ratio -0.58%) of Typhoon Alex (No.6 track), and +1cms (error ratio +0.61%) of Typhoon Wayne (No.9 track); time of peak flow is perfectly fitted except Typhoon Sarah is 2 hours late. For the prediction procedures, No.2 and No.6 tracks own high credits, while No.3 track is poor. The deviation of magnitude are +8cms (error ratio +1.63%) of Typhoon Herb (No.2 track), -641cms (error ratio -41.90%) of Typhoon Toraji (No.3 track), and -2cms (error ratio -0.27%) of Typhoon Doug (No.6 track), respectively; the reaching time of peak flow are 1 hour late for Typhoon Herb, 1 hour late for Typhoon Toraji, and 3 hours late for Typhoon Doug. The dominant reason for Typhoon Toraji was not well predicted was investigated. The author believed that the rainfall pattern of Typhoon Toraji is unique and not compatible. Prediction of No.3 track typhoon-induced flood in this watershed is then recommended to use both of two typical past samples, Typhoon Toraji and Typhoon Sarah.
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吳齊軒. "Some Issues on Peak Prediction for Influenza-Like Illness". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30863020001727442169.
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Rasheed, Ali Suad. "Late tracer data and swept volume prediction using peak tracer concentration". 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/22842.
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Interwell tracers help us understand flow patterns within the reservoir and in getting reliable information of the reservoir continuity. Thus, one can obtain different information about the reservoir barriers, fractures and productivity from the amount of tracer produced at each tracer.
The main objective of this study is an attempt to model interwell connectivity by analytically calculating missing tracer data in oil fields for the next step of the calculation of swept volume. The feasibility of using analytical solutions to estimate early data and check differences was carried out. In general; all of these applications refer to the applicability and relative ease of using tracers in oil field. The idea is to determine if it is possible to get a good estimate of the swept pore volumes at an early time before the tracer flood is finished since it often takes a long time to capture the complete tracer tail and there is great value in being able to get an early estimate of the results
Results indicate that the extrapolation of tracer tail and using the residence time distribution method give accurate sweep volume predictions without the need to wait for long times to get the full tracer profile.text
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Timm, Wiebke [Verfasser]. "Peak intensity prediction in mass spectra using machine learning methods / Wiebke Timm". 2008. http://d-nb.info/990574210/34.
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PIN, CHEN TSUNG y 陳聰彬. "Computer program development and evaluation for TAIEX trend, peak and trough prediction". Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84761824070038676777.
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碩士國立中正大學
會計與資訊科技研究所
93
Abstract Chen program trading system is a software program combining 9 technical indexes into a composite to predict TAIEX trends, which helps decision making in the future market. For stability, the program use 5 years time serial data and assume the accounting consistence judgment principle, i.e. identical 5-year index and reference characteristic. For convening the current market need, it also employs the latest year’s parameter. The empirical study involves simulation trading, including 325 transactions, between 2000 and 2004. All years get positive returns. The gross-of-transaction-cost returns from 2000 to 2004 are 204.67%, 90.73%, 43.47%, 47.13% and 125.07%, respectively. The accumulate return and average return are 511.07% and 102.21%. When net of transaction cost, 5 years returns are 192.95%, 82.36%, 34.44%, 36.31% and 114.13%, in order. The accumulate return and average return are 460.19% and 92.04%, respectively. On Jan, 1st, 2005, NTD$300,000 was deposited in President Futures Corproration as initial margin. All following trading decisions are generated form Chen’s program. Year to Jun. 30, I made total 41 transactions. The gross-of-transaction-cost gain was NT$107,800, a 35.93% return; considering the transaction cost (NT$7,380) and tax (NT$12,213), the net-of-transaction-cost gain was NT$88,207, a return of 29.4%. Listed below are our empirical results: By combining one buy and one short as a unit of transaction, total transactions during first half of year 2005 are around 20 times. The sum of transaction cost and trading tax are NT$19,593, account for 18% of total gain (NT$107,800). Due to the rocket high transaction cost of 18.18% of gain, even having tried the best to decrease the transaction times, we conclude that TX transaction cost should be reduced. Key word：computer program trading、stock index futures、technicl analysis
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Lin, Yu y 林又. "Application of Support Vector Regression and P-wave Features on Peak Floor Acceleration Prediction". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j44euj.
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碩士國立交通大學
土木工程系所
107
Earthquake usually causes severe damage to human being, both on casualties or property loss. Scientists dedicated to studying Earthquake and tried to develop a rapid and precise earthquake early warning system. However, it’s still too hard for us to provide a reliable method on earthquake early warning. In order to mitigate the damage caused by earthquake, This research was engaged in developing new earthquake early warning system. With the improvement of construction method, buildings are higher than ever before. So this research decided to develop new method to predict peak floor acceleration caused by earthquake. Support vector regression is one application of support vector machine which belongs to machine learning. It can project the input parameters to a higher dimension to process regression properly. We took 6 p-wave features and 2 structure features as input parameters to construct SVR model and test accuracy of the model. And we also introduced scaling model conception to do shaking table test on scaling model to construct customized SVR model for the special requirements.
36
Fisher, Ronald Todd. "A new method for the real-time prediction of flood peak discharges in Brays Bayou, Houston, Texas". Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/13722.
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A new method for the prediction of maximum flood stage discharges in real time that does not rely on rainfall data has been developed for the Brays Bayou drainageway in Houston, Texas. A study of 21 historical storm discharge hydrographs revealed information contained within the rising limb of the hydrograph that could be used to predict the magnitude of the peak flow in the channel with an approximate one hour lead time. A correlation has been observed between the flow that occurs in the channel at a time following the time of slope inflection on the rising limb of the hydrograph and the peak flow. A HEC-1 model has been calibrated to the watershed using two recently occurring storms. This model was used to substantiate the observed correlation through simulated hydrographs using 264 hypothetical rainfall scenarios.
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Liu, Chia Hao y 劉家豪. "Prediction of peak oxygen consumption in patient with cardiac disease using 3 minutes' step test combine with heart rate variability". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3d88k7.
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Ren, Wei Chang y 任偉誠. "Predicting Peak Stress and Strain of Concrete under Triaxial Stress using Neural Network Models". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13723849069734405758.
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碩士正修科技大學
營建工程研究所
100
It is well known that concrete is a kind of heterogeneity and anisotropic nonlinear materials. The nonlinear behavior of concrete under triaxial stress is very complicated; modeling its behavior is a hard task. Recently, it has shown that artificial neural network-based modeling is an alternative method for modeling complex nonlinear relationship. In this study, therefore, the standard back-propagation neural network (BPN) was used for modeling and estimating the peak stress and strain of plain concrete under triaxial stress. The results show that the BPN models give reasonable predictions of the peak stress and strain of plain concrete under triaxial stress. In addition, the BPN models provide better accuracy than the existing parametric models.
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Duffy, William L. "A method for predicting peak scanning detection efficiency of a cylindrical sodium iodide scintillation detector". Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30993.
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Scanning surveys of building surfaces and land areas are performed with radiation
detection equipment to identify areas of elevated radioactivity. To quantify the
extent and magnitude of the contamination, follow-up radiation surveys and soil
sampling are usually required. The ability to accurately quantify discrete locations
or "hot particles" of contamination requires a full understanding of the scanning
detection efficiency of the instrument being used. A cylindrical sodium iodide
detector's scanning detection efficiency was examined theoretically using the
Monte Carlo N-Particle Code, version 4b, and examined experimentally using the
Marianno Research Sled located in the Department of Nuclear Engineering, Oregon
State University. A method is described for predicting instrument scanning
detection efficiency for a 1 s observation interval over a range of scanning speeds
using a series of static detection efficiency measurements. Testing of the prediction
method and accuracy of predicted values was performed by comparison to
experimentally determined values of scanning detection efficiency. Additionally,
the validity of the predicted scanning detection efficiency values was tested by
quantifying a radioactive source at a number of scanning speeds to quantitatively
determine its activity. Activity values determined by scanning the source were
compared against an activity value determined a by high purity germanium
detection system. Results indicate that the method is both easy to perform and
provides statistically accurate scanning detection efficiency values that can be
utilized for the quantification of discrete locations or "hot particles" of radioactive
contamination.Graduation date: 2002
40
Bahrami, Asl Babak. "Futuristic Air Compressor System Design and Operation by Using Artificial Intelligence". Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/17932.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)The compressed air system is widely used throughout the industry. Air compressors are one of the most costly systems to operate in industrial plants in terms of energy consumption. Therefore, it becomes one of the primary targets when it comes to electrical energy and load management practices. Load forecasting is the first step in developing energy management systems both on the supply and user side. A comprehensive literature review has been conducted, and there was a need to study if predicting compressed air system’s load is a possibility. System’s load profile will be valuable to the industry practitioners as well as related software providers in developing better practice and tools for load management and look-ahead scheduling programs. Feed forward neural networks (FFNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) techniques have been used to perform 15 minutes ahead prediction. Three cases of different sizes and control methods have been studied. The results proved the possibility of the forecast. In this study two control methods have been developed by using the prediction. The first control method is designed for variable speed driven air compressors. The goal was to decrease the maximum electrical load for the air compressor by using the system's full operational capabilities and the air receiver tank. This goal has been achieved by optimizing the system operation and developing a practical control method. The results can be used to decrease the maximum electrical load consumed by the system as well as assuring the sufficient air for the users during the peak compressed air demand by users. This method can also prevent backup or secondary systems from running during the peak compressed air demand which can result in more energy and demand savings. Load management plays a pivotal role and developing maximum load reduction methods by users can result in more sustainability as well as the cost reduction for developing sustainable energy production sources. The last part of this research is concentrated on reducing the energy consumed by load/unload controlled air compressors. Two novel control methods have been introduced. One method uses the prediction as input, and the other one doesn't require prediction. Both of them resulted in energy consumption reduction by increasing the off period with the same compressed air output or in other words without sacrificing the required compressed air needed for production.
2019-12-05
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Cole, Wesley Joseph. "Dynamic modeling, optimization, and control of integrated energy systems in a smart grid environment". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/24908.
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This work considers how various integrated energy systems can be managed in order to provide economic or energetic benefits. Energy systems can gain additional degrees of freedom by incorporating some form of energy storage (in this work, thermal energy storage), and the increasing penetration of smart grid technologies provides a wealth of data for both modeling and management. Data used for the system models here come primarily from the Pecan Street Smart Grid Demonstration Project in Austin, Texas, USA. Other data are from the Austin Energy Mueller Energy Center and the University of Texas Hal C. Weaver combined heat and power plant. Systems considered in this work include thermal energy storage, chiller plants, combined heat and power plants, turbine inlet cooling, residential air conditioning, and solar photovoltaics. These systems are modeled and controlled in integrated environments in order to provide system benefits. In a district cooling system with thermal energy storage, combined heat and power, and turbine inlet cooling, model-based optimization strategies are able to reduce peak demand and decrease cooling electricity costs by 79%. Smart grid data are employed to consider a system of 900 residential homes in Austin. In order to make the system model tractable for a model predictive controller, a reduced-order home modeling strategy is developed that maps thermostat set points to air conditioner electricity consumption. When the model predictive controller is developed for the system, the system is able to reduce total peak demand by 9%. Further work with the model of 900 residential homes presents a modified dual formulation for determining the optimal prices that produce a desired result in the residential homes. By using the modified dual formulation, it is found that the optimal pricing strategy for peak demand reduction is a critical peak pricing rate structure, and that those prices can be used in place of centralized control strategies to achieve peak reduction goals.text
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Li, Po-Ying y 李柏穎. "Using Artificial Neural Network in Predicting Tensile and Fatigue Behavior of Repaired Quasi-Isotropic Gr/PEEK Laminates after Low Energy Impact". Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81399686615742651280.
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(5931020), Babak Bahrami Asl. "FUTURISTIC AIR COMPRESSOR SYSTEM DESIGN AND OPERATION BY USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE". Thesis, 2020.
Buscar texto completoResumen
The compressed air system is widely used throughout the industry. Air compressors are one of the most costly systems to operate in industrial plants in therms of energy consumption. Therefore, it becomes one of the primary target when it comes to electrical energy and load management practices. Load forecasting is the first step in developing energy management systems both on the supply and user side. A comprehensive literature review has been conducted, and there was a need to study if predicting compressed air system’s load is a possibility.
System’s load profile will be valuable to the industry practitioners as well as related software providers in developing better practice and tools for load management and look-ahead scheduling programs. Feed forward neural networks (FFNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) techniques have been used to perform 15 minutes ahead prediction. Three cases of different sizes and control methods have been studied. The results proved the possibility of the forecast. In this study two control methods have been developed by using the prediction. The first control method is designed for variable speed driven air compressors. The goal was to decrease the maximum electrical load for the air compressor by using the system's full operational capabilities and the air receiver tank. This goal has been achieved by optimizing the system operation and developing a practical control method. The results can be used to decrease the maximum electrical load consumed by the system as well as assuring the sufficient air for the users during the peak compressed air demand by users. This method can also prevent backup or secondary systems from running during the peak compressed air demand which can result in more energy and demand savings. Load management plays a pivotal role and developing maximum load reduction methods by users can result in more sustainability as well as the cost reduction for developing sustainable energy production sources. The last part of this research is concentrated on reducing the energy consumed by load/unload controlled air compressors. Two novel control methods have been introduced. One method uses the prediction as input, and the other one doesn't require prediction. Both of them resulted in energy consumption reduction by increasing the off period with the same compressed air output or in other words without sacrificing the required compressed air needed for production.