Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Peace-building – africa – case studies"
Siga este enlace para ver otros tipos de publicaciones sobre el tema: Peace-building – africa – case studies.
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 50 mejores artículos de revistas para su investigación sobre el tema "Peace-building – africa – case studies".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore artículos de revistas sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
1
Abrahamyan, Mira. "Tony Karbo and Kudrat Virk (eds.): The Palgrave Handbook of Peacebuilding in Africa." Czech Journal of International Relations 54, n.º 4 (1 de diciembre de 2019): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32422/mv.1654.
Texto completoResumen
This handbook offers a critical assessment of the African agenda for conflict prevention, peacemaking, peacekeeping, and peacebuilding; the challenges and opportunities facing Africa’s regional organisations in their efforts towards building sustainable peace on the continent; and the role of external actors, including the United Nations, Britain, France, and South Asian troop-contributing countries. In so doing, it revisits the late Ali Mazrui’s concept of Pax Africana, calling on Africans to take responsibility for peace and security on their own continent. The creation of the African Union, in 2002, was an important step towards realising this ambition, and has led to the development of a new continental architecture for more robust conflict management. But, as the volume’s authors show, the quest for Pax Africana faces challenges. Combining thematic analyses and case studies, this book will be of interest to both scholars and policymakers working on peace, security, and governance issues in Africa.
2
Baker, Anne, Cullen MacKenzie y John McCormick. "Building peace one school at a time: a case study for Catholic schools in South Africa". International Studies in Catholic Education 13, n.º 2 (3 de julio de 2021): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19422539.2021.2010461.
Texto completo
3
Johnson, Ane Turner. "University Infrastructures for Peace in Africa: The Transformative Potential of Higher Education in Conflict Contexts". Journal of Transformative Education 17, n.º 2 (11 de junio de 2018): 173–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541344618779561.
Texto completoResumen
The purpose of this article is to consider how higher education responds to conflict on campus and in the community. Moving beyond the victim/perpetrator paradigm prevalent in the literature on education in conflict contexts toward the transformative capacity of education, this research suggests that public universities may develop mechanisms that orient the institution toward capacity and consensus building—constructs associated with infrastructures for peace. Findings from comparative case studies conducted in Côte d’Ivoire and Kenya at two public universities demonstrate that both intentional and indirect policies were cultivated to contend with and possibly transform the conditions for localized conflict and begin to theorize university infrastructures for peace.
4
KUMSSA, Dr ASFAW. "THE PEACE, SECURITY, AND DEVELOPMENT NEXUS APPROACH TO ADDRESS VIOLENT CONFLICTS IN AFRICA". International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Review 07, n.º 01 (2024): 119–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37602/ijssmr.2024.7108.
Texto completoResumen
Peace, security, and development are the three most important pillars of a healthy social system. Although these concepts are independent of each other, they are mutually interlinked and complementary pillars of sustainable development and peace. Linking development, peacebuilding, and security promotion and integrating them into national strategies and planning processes in post-conflict African countries has the potential to create synergies and more effective policies that prevent relapses into conflict as well as address social and regional inequalities and vulnerabilities. This paper discusses some aspects of the development process in post-conflict countries in Africa based on the case studies of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Somalia, and South Sudan.
5
Nhengu, Dudziro. "Peace Education in Africa: The Role of Games, Visual Arts and Crafts". International Journal on Cybernetics & Informatics 13, n.º 4 (13 de julio de 2024): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijci.2024.130410.
Texto completoResumen
This paper explored the role and value of games, visual arts, and crafts in both formal and informal peace education processes in Africa, focusing on country case studies from Southern and West Africa. Games, visual arts, and crafts are powerful tools for formal and informal education in Africa. They engage people in an interactive, inclusive, and creative way, enabling them to explore intricate issues in a relaxed manner. The use of a scoping study method to put together literature for compiling secondary data for the study was corroborated with telephone interviews with 6 women informal peace educators and 6 peace students from both formal and informal peace education backgrounds. The research established the power of games, art and crafts as indigenous methods for peace education from antiquity Africa to date, the symbiotic relationship between artistic expressions and society, the value of games, arts and crafts as stimulants for emotional intelligence and the relationship between positive emotional intelligence and peace.
6
Aldea, Claudiu-Bogdan. "Elections as a Mechanism of Peace. The Cases of Liberia and The Central African Republic". Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Studia Europaea 67, n.º 2 (30 de diciembre de 2022): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbeuropaea.2022.2.03.
Texto completoResumen
"The paper analyses the normative and empirical capacity of elections to function as a peace mechanism in the early stages of the recovery period. Accordingly, the analysis is based on a theoretical framework that draws attention to the timing of elections in post-conflict societies. Moreover, in order to operationalize such theoretical aspects, the paper focuses on two relevant case studies: the 1997 elections in Liberia (perceived as post-conflict) and the 2020-2021 elections in The Central African Republic (early peace process – not void of conflict). Accordingly, the paper poses the following research questions: How was the prospect of organizing these rounds of election received by the parties involved in the conflict? How did these rounds of election relate to the peace process? Do elections represent an adequate mechanism to achieve positive peace in post-conflict societies? Keywords: elections, peace studies, post-conflict development, peace building, systemic violence."
7
Duursma, Allard. "Mediating Solutions to Territorial Civil Wars in Africa: Norms, Interests, and Major Power Leverage". African Studies Review 62, n.º 3 (26 de octubre de 2018): 65–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2018.103.
Texto completoResumen
Abstract:This article draws on the concept of “identity interests” to explain why commitment to the territorial integrity norm in the context of African peace processes has persisted over such a long period of time, even as continental and international contexts have changed. One major implication of this commitment to the territorial integrity norm is that third parties involved in peacemaking in Africa have consistently refrained from promoting a negotiated settlement that might pave the way for independence; they have only pushed for a territorial revision in a few instances. The role of major powers has been crucial with regard to the few successful territorial changes in Africa since 1960. An overview of all outcomes of mediation in territorial intrastate conflicts in Africa—as well as seven case studies—support this argument.
8
Ujomu, Philip Ogo y Anthony I. Bature. "Conflicting Values, Ubuntu Philosophy and Peace Building: An African Experience". Culture and Dialogue 6, n.º 2 (7 de diciembre de 2018): 174–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24683949-12340046.
Texto completoResumen
AbstractThis paper studies conflict of values as triggers for social disorder. Specifically, we review the condition of negative dominant social paradigm (DSP) leading to value clashes. Value clashes are conflicts that arise from collision of ways of life, (ethnic, political, religious, etc.) thought systems and diverse uses of nature and sharing of resources. This shortfall is easily seen in egoism, corruption, disregard for the rule of law, inability to secure core human values in the social system. Using a local case study, we notice that such value disruptive tendencies pose a threat to Nigeria’s citizens, government, institutions and democracy, due to the rise of, violent conflicts and degradation of the value of human life ultimately leading to terrorism and other life-threatening challenges. It is suggested that such value clashes or clashes of values can be mitigated by a push for the sustenance of social order using some principles. The philosophical notion or principle of Ubuntu recommends the interdependence of human beings and the urgent need for a humane, compassionate and dignified approach to social living using basic democratic and moral values to deepen and widen the concept of peace and peace building.
9
Amaruzaman, Sacha, Do Trong Hoan, Delia Catacutan, Beria Leimona y Maimbo Malesu. "Polycentric Environmental Governance to Achieving SDG 16: Evidence from Southeast Asia and Eastern Africa". Forests 13, n.º 1 (5 de enero de 2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13010068.
Texto completoResumen
Effective environmental governance is deemed essential in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals. However, environmental dimensions have no specific reference across the SDG 16 targets and indicators. In achieving SDG 16—the realization of peace, justice, and strong institution, polycentric environmental governance involving multiple actors across scales deserves thoughtful consideration. This study illustrates the potential of a polycentric approach to environmental governance in achieving SDG 16, using case studies of forest, watershed, and transboundary bushland and seascape management in Southeast Asia and Eastern Africa, namely Vietnam, Indonesia, and the Kenya–Somalia cross-border. By highlighting four key elements of polycentric governance namely, political will, legal framework, support from higher-level governance and capacity building, the case studies demonstrate that polycentric governance play a significant role in achieving three environment-relevant SDG 16 targets, yet these targets are silent about environmental governance dimensions. Since many conflicts arise from the environment and natural resources sector, we suggest that (i) polycentric environmental governance be strongly pursued to achieve SDG 16, and (ii) SDG 16 includes indicators specifically directed on polycentric environment and natural resource governance.
10
Matitu, Bayani. "Role of Sports in Peace-Building: Insights from NCAA Community". Bedan Research Journal 5, n.º 1 (30 de abril de 2020): 84–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.58870/berj.v5i1.13.
Texto completoResumen
Sports are not just for fun and recreation but entail responsibilities to promote human development, and peace-building. Through a mixed method causal research that utilized personal interviews, this research summarized the perceptions of combined 113 San Beda University players and coaches - actively involved in Philippines National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA),the associations of variables based on Spearman rho of the levels of characteristics of sports, human development, peace and peace-building efforts. Characteristics of sports relevant to peace and peace-building affect the level of human development of coaches and athletes. The characteristics of sports also affect the level of peace-building efforts. However, characteristics of sports are not associated with the achievement of peace in a broader scope because variety of factors and different actors are involved. The individual coach and athlete’s preference and accessibility on sports are determinants of human development, and peace-building. If the coaches and athletes liked their sports, strongly believed that their sports contributed to physical fitness, mental well-being and social interaction,and strongly believed that sports gave them experiences and enabled them to access individuals or groups of different cultures and levels of ability, then, they also strongly perceived that their sports promoted holistic well-being, and normal life span as healthy people, allowed themselves to express themselves, and be recognized as they enjoyed sports for leisure and affiliation. Coaches and athletes are encouraged to conduct annual orientation and training about infusing the objectives for human development and peace-building, and continuously improve the process. The researcher recommends further study towards higher level of statistical generalization for the NCAA community through quantitative research methods, regression analysis, mediation, and moderation analysis.ReferencesAnderson D. R., Sweeney, D. J., & Thomas, W. A. (2015). Modern business statistics (4th ed.). Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd.Blagojevic, B. (2012). Sports and peace, In Gilbert & Bennett (Ed.). Sport, peace and development (pp. 117-130). Common Ground Publishing LLC.Cardenas, A. (2013).Peace building through sport? An introduction to sport for development and peace. Journal of Conflictology, 4(1), 24-33. http://journal-of-conflictology.uoc.eduCardenas, A. (2016). Sport and peace-building in divided societies: A case study on Colombia and Northern Ireland. Peace and Conflict Studies, 23(2), 4. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/pcs/vol23/iss2/4Fram, S. M. (2013). The constant comparative analysis method outside of grounded theory. The Qualitative Report, 18(1), 1-25. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol18/iss1/1Giulianotti, R. (2010). Sport, peacemaking and conflict resolution: A contextual analysis and modelling of the sport, development and peace’ sector. http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/rers ethnic@surrey.ac.ukGiulianotti, R. (2011). The sport, development, and peace sector: A model of four social policy domains. Journal of Social Policy, 40(4),757-776. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047279410000930Giulianotti, R., Hognestad, H. & Spaaij, R. (2016). Sport for development and peace: Power, politics, and patronage. Journal of Global Sport Management, 1(3-4),129-141. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/ 24203Ha, J-P. & Lyras, A. (2013). Sport for refugee youth in a new society: The role of acculturation in sport for development and peace programming. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 2013, 35(2), 121-140. https://www.researchgate.net/ publication/287776946Institute for Economics & Peace (2018). Positive peace report 2018: Analyzing the factors that sustain peace. http://visionofhumanity.org/reportsInstitute for Economics & Peace (2019). Global peace index 2019: Measuring peace in a complex world. http://vision of humanity.org/reportsLoewenstein, G., Cain, D. M. & Sah, S. (2011). The limits of transparency: Pitfalls and potential of disclosing conflicts of interest. American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings, 101(3), 423–428. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.101.3.423Meschoulam, M., Hacker, A. J., Carbajal, F., de Benito, C., Blumenkron, C. & Talia R. (2015). Values, perceptions, and peace-building: An expanded qualitative study in Mexico. International Journal of Peace Studies,20(1).Miller, B. (2014). Free statistics and materials. https://openstat.info/OpenStatMain.htmPluye, P., Gagnon, M. P., Groffiths, F.& Johnson-Lafleur, J. (2009). A scoring system for appraising mixed methods research, and concomitantly appraising qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods primary studies in mixed studies reviews. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 46, 529-546. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ijnurstu.2009.01.009Nygard, H. M. & Gates, S. (2013). Soft power at home and abroad: Sport diplomacy, politics and peace-building. International Area Studies Review, 16(3), 235–243. https://doi.org/10.1177/2233865913502971Shrag, M. J. (2012). The case for peace-building as sport’s next great legacy: A literature review, assessment, and suggestions for applying the slow child in the emergent field of sport for development and peace. (UnpublishedPaper). https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/31187/Schrag_Myles.pdf?sequence=1Schulenkorf, N. &Sugden, J. (2011). Sport for development and peace in divided societies: Cooperating for inter-community empowerment in Israel. European Journal for Sport and Society, 8(4), 235-256.Schulenkorf, N., Sherry, N. & Rowe, K. (2016). Sport for development: An integrated literature review. Journal of Sport Management, 30, 22-39. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2014-0263Spaaij, R. (2009). The social impact of sport: diversities, complexities and contexts. Sport in Society, 12(9), 1109-1117. https://doi.org /10.1080/17430430903137746Spaaij, R. & Ruth J. (n.d.). Education for social change? A freirean critique of sport for development and peace. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 18(4), 442-457.UN Inter-Agency Task Force on Sport for Development and Peace (2002). Sport as a tool for development and peace: Towards Achieving the United Nations Millenium Development Goals. Report. https://www.un.org/sport2005/resources/task_force.pdfWessa P. (2017). Cronbach alpha 1.0.5 in free statistics software 1.2.1 Office for Research Development and Education. https://www.wessa.net/rwasp_cronbach.wasp/
11
Adu Amoah, Lloyd G. y Nelson Quame. "Power-with and Power-to and Building Asian Studies in Africa: Insights from the Field". African and Asian Studies 20, n.º 1-2 (27 de abril de 2021): 200–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341489.
Texto completoResumen
Abstract Taking seriously Chinweizu’s (2004) call for Asian Studies in Africa this article examines the ways in which African Asianist scholars with their partners elsewhere decided to take counterhegemonic action, and how their approach differs from the status quo as a prefigurative politics of power-with society they seek. This work explores the establishment of Centres for Asian Studies in Africa as institutional actors in the counter-hegemonic project of decolonization. The processes that led to the setting up of the Centre for Asian Studies (the first in Black Africa excepting South Africa) at the University of Ghana serve as a case study. The article utilizes information gathered through the authors’ ongoing participation over the last eight years in the ideational, organizational, logistical, financial and institution building moves that are aiding the establishment of an ultimately emancipatory Asian Studies in Africa research framework. To establish the contextual challenge, the article engages discursively with how hegemony (power-over) functions within Global North/Western/modern research agendas, funding, and institutions; and explains how and why its colonial project is most evident in Area Studies in particular. The work concludes with pointers on how these moves for building Centres for Asian studies in Africa may be useful for other institutional intellectual decolonial efforts.
12
Latim, Timothy y Jonathan Kporla Agbeh. "Rukurato Hall, Banyoro, Uganda and the Great Hall, KNUST, Ghana". Docomomo Journal, n.º 69 (15 de diciembre de 2023): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/docomomo.69.07.
Texto completoResumen
This article presents two modernist building case studies, one each from East and West Africa which explore approaches to modernist public building conservation. The Rukurato Hall in East Africa, formerly used as a regional assembly hall for the Bunyoro Kingdom in Uganda, is now used as the parliament building of the Bunyoro Kitara Kingdom.The Great Hall in West Africa at the Kumasi University of Science and Technology (KNUST) serves as an institutional hall; it is a monument of academic and cultural significance in Kumasi. This article delves into the historical evolution of the Great Hall, which has hosted numerous essential events, ranging from local academic gatherings to distinguished international conferences since 1967. The Great Hall’s rich heritage and architectural prominence have been subject to various interventions aimed at conserving its essence. The examination of these interventions in maintaining the integrity of the building while adapting to the changing needs of the university underscores the delicate balance required between modernization and safeguarding cultural and architectural legacies.Both case studies present contrasting views on the challenges of conservation in the African context, resulting in different conservation efforts. In the case of the Rukurato Hall, arguable the loss of function for a significant period, before reinstatement in the late 1990s and challenges of funding have greatly influenced the ability to realize conservation ambitions. In the Great Hall, whilst conservation funds were secured, and the conservation effort was successful, the use of the Hall has been ‘controlled’ and various actions have arguably tested the authenticity of the conservation process transforming the building aesthetic in the process. This article employs methods of document analysis, archival research, and interviews with key stakeholders.
13
Yaouba, Habiba. "A Legal Comparison of Regional Powers' Involvements in African Conflicts: Case Studies of Libya and South Africa". International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science 06, n.º 07 (2022): 624–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2022.6738.
Texto completoResumen
The Republic of Chad, located in central Africa, is under attack by a series of military coups; despite its prosperity, the country has emerged from protracted conflicts since its independence. The violence was perpetrated and directed by rebel groups of various ethnicities. As the regional leader, Libya decided in 1991 to intervene in internal Chadian affairs by mediating between the regime and rebel groups on political and economic matters, despite being under international sanctions. The first “Coup d’État” since Ivory Coast’s independence occurred in December 1999, and more recent coups have also been successful; the violence in Ivory Coast appears to be a conflict that has targeted both the military and civilians. The last military coup in 2002 failed and turned into a small war within the country, attracting South Africa’s involvement in the bloodied country by violence, fear, and escalating instability, which worsened the human rights situation. The Ivory Coast’s struggle was more intensely influenced by economic factors, while the conflict in Chad was the political cause. Legally, the international community arrangement in Ivory Coast obligated South Africa, as a regional leader, to secure peace and stability. In contrast, Libya illegally meddles in the internal affairs of Chad with its influential “brother leader,” who has a new position as a regional peacemaker and is dominant in the Sub-Saharan region.
14
Sylister, Magdalena. "The African Union Use of Force to Uphold Democracy and Constitutionalism in Practice: How Far Have We Gone?" Recht in Afrika 25, n.º 1 (2022): 84–134. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6270-2022-1-84.
Texto completoResumen
This paper makes an assessment of how far the African Union (AU) has gone in exercising the mandate of use of force as one of tools for upholding democracy and constitutionalism within the continent. The key intention of this assessment is to scrutinize the suitability of the use of force in the AU’s framework as one of the channels for safeguarding democracy and constitutionalism. The work has employed qualitative research methods, relying on both primary and secondary data. Parallel to that, four case studies from selected AU missions in Africa have been relied upon (Burundi twice, Comoros, Mali and the Gambia). Findings reveal that generally the AU has made significant strides in utilizing its mandate in the use of force in upholding democracy and constitutionalism in Africa by restoring peace, rule of law, stability, human security and in safeguarding people’s will. The AU has also proved to be a reliable first responder in African constitutional crises given the fact that intervention by the UN system takes too long to be engaged and that the UN does not deploy peacekeeping forces where there is no comprehensive peace agreement. Despite that encouraging development, critical challenges still exist. The AU has not succeeded in addressing one notorious vice in Africa which largely contributes to recurrent constitutional crises, namely bad governance. Bad governance exists in various forms such as disrespect of presidential term limits, nepotism and willful disregard of the will of the people in general elections. Other challenges include financial constraints to adequately fund large scale operations, excessive reliance of donors for its peace operations, lack of political will from some African states, and difficulties in harmonizing interests of all parties to conflicts. In order to address these challenges, the AU should achieve its financial autonomy. It should explore further on the lead nation approach and put in place a more formal system on terms and conditions of participation of those nations and anchoring peace support operations. The UA should also make more efforts to instill upon African leaders the culture of good governance because it will greatly reduce constitutional crises which necessitate the use of force in addressing them. Lastly, the AU should discourage procuring of peace deals without the free consent of all the key actors in constitutional crises. Free consent is crucial in ensuring that the peace deals will be adequately respected. The overall outcome of this assessment therefore serves as an encouragement of the AU to continue working tirelessly in improving the mechanism of use of force because it has proved to be a potential tool for upholding democracy and constitutionalism in appropriate circumstances.
15
Dipoko, Ebenye Mbappe Sonne. "International Involvement in Sovereign States: The Role of the AU in the Preservation of Peace and Security in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Cameroon". Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences 21, n.º 4 (9 de diciembre de 2023): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/arjass/2023/v21i4495.
Texto completoResumen
The Anglophone issue, the jihadist insurgency, and Boko Haram are among the several violent conflicts that are occurring in Cameroon, along with escalating ethnic and political tensions both online and offline. Nevertheless, the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) tenet has been steadily adopted across Africa. This study's primary goal was to learn what the African Union (AU) is doing in connection to the peace and security situation in Cameroon in light of the above context. This study was descriptive in nature. Secondary data was the sole form of data used in this investigation. Information was gathered through the internet, periodicals, newspapers, books, journals, and other sources. Numerous studies show that the AU Peace and Security Council, which makes decisions on the prevention, management and resolution of conflicts, do not address Cameroon's challenges and problems. Therefore the AU and the United Nations (UN) can coordinate their efforts in addressing the humanitarian needs of refugees and displaced people.
16
Varani, Nicoletta y Enrico Bernardini. "Africa: Risk, Security and Mapping of Human Rights Violations". Geopolitical, Social Security and Freedom Journal 1, n.º 1 (1 de noviembre de 2018): 104–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gssfj-2018-0006.
Texto completoResumen
Abstract Planetary interdependence makes the task of states and international organizations to guarantee security inside and outside national borders ever more urgent. The tendency is to widen the space from national to international and to conceive of security as multidimensional for the satisfaction of human needs, assumed as priority needs with respect to those of the States. The old concept of national security must today confront the new concept of human security cultivated within the United Nations, which places the fundamental rights of the individual and of people at the centre of attention and lays the foundations for overcoming the traditional politics of power. The concept of human security emphasises the security of the individual and his protection from political violence, war and arbitrariness. It takes account of the strong correlation between peace policy, human rights policy, migration policy and humanitarian policy. The contribution provides, through a series of social indicators such as the Global Peace Index (GPI), Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) and the World International Security and Policy Index (WISPI), a framework on risk, security, human rights violations in the African continent and examines some significant case studies related to sub-Saharan Africa.
17
Swilling, Mark y Eve Annecke. "Building sustainable neighbourhoods in South Africa: learning from the Lynedoch case". Environment and Urbanization 18, n.º 2 (octubre de 2006): 315–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247806069606.
Texto completo
18
Sriram, Chandra Lekha y Marie-Joëlle Zahar. "The Perils of Power-Sharing: Africa and Beyond". Africa Spectrum 44, n.º 3 (diciembre de 2009): 11–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203970904400302.
Texto completoResumen
The purpose of international conflict-resolution efforts is, in the short term, to bring an end to violent armed conflict, and, in the medium to longer term, to prevent the revival of conflict. However, at least one of the mechanisms often utilised in conflict resolution and peace agreements, power-sharing, may not only prove problematic in early negotiation and implementation, but may potentially be at odds with the longer-term goal of preventing resurgence of conflict. Why might this be the case? Longer-term peacebuilding seeks to prevent conflict in part by building strong and sustainable states. Such states should be able to avoid reverting to armed conflict because they would be more responsive to grievances and more effective in dealing with violent dissent. However, power-sharing arrangements may undermine such efforts by placing in power individuals and groups not fully committed to, or unable to take part in, governance for the benefit of the entire populace; in part because it necessarily places in power those who have engaged in significant violence to achieve their ends. This is likely to create less democratic states, although we do not insist that democracy is or should be the only goal of peacebuilders. Rather, we suggest that power-sharing arrangements may tend not only towards undemocratic states, but towards states which are not responsive to the needs of the citizenry for security in ways which may undermine human security and state legitimacy.
19
Márquez Duarte, Fernando David. "Black Earth Rising and Queen Sono: A Critical Decolonial Analysis". Open Philosophy 5, n.º 1 (17 de diciembre de 2021): 118–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opphil-2020-0174.
Texto completoResumen
Abstract In this article two series are analyzed: Black Earth Rising (a BBC/Netflix production) and Queen Sono (the first African Netflix original series), shows that are about African realities from an African perspective (Rwanda in Black Earth Rising and South Africa in Queen Sono). The findings in this article show that both series address social and political issues such as neocolonialism, neoextractivism, internal colonialism, racism, inequality, justice, self-determination, corruption, violence, peace, memory, necropolitics, mental health, and decoloniality. I also argue that the shows could be used as pedagogical tools to raise critical consciousness in a wide public regarding the social and political issues addressed. The research in this article has been conducted with a qualitative methodology, using both shows as case studies and using content analysis and bibliographical research. The analysis of the series is based in the discussion of critical theory and decoloniality approaches and authors, especially from Latin America and Africa. Furthermore, the analysis of popular media (such as series) is a relevant effort to decolonize knowledge, using alternative and non-academic sources to produce and socialize knowledge.
20
Carvalho, João Soeiro de. "Makwayela: choral performance and nation building in Mozambique". Horizontes Antropológicos 5, n.º 11 (octubre de 1999): 145–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-71831999000200007.
Texto completoResumen
This in an ethnomusicological study of choral performance in Maputo, the capital city of Mozambique. It includes a historical perspective over the last thirty years, and it analyzes the changes which took place in performance along with the political changes in this African country. The author studies the use of music for the purpose of creating a national identity. Makwayela, a characteristic kind of male choral performance which developed in Southern Mozambique, is used as a study case. Makwayela is described and framed within the range of expressive modes in Maputo. Its origins are discussed in the background of mining culture in Southern Africa, and its development is associated with recent social history in Mozambique, and particularly in Maputo.
21
Agbonifo, John. "Sanctions, Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding: Coercing Non-State Armed Actors in Africa". Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 12, n.º 1 (abril de 2017): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2017.1281679.
Texto completoResumen
In pursuit of peace and development, Article 41 of the UN Charter authorises the use of sanctions to deal with any state perceived as a threat to international security and peace. In the post-Cold War era, sanctions rapidly became a tool of choice for conflict prevention and peacebuilding. Non-state armed actors (NSAAs) have increasingly become significant players in the international system as well as a target of the demands of sanctions. However, sanctions often fail to coerce NSAAs to end violence. NSAAs regularly ignore sanctions and engage the state and intervention forces in protracted wars. The literature on why sanctions fail betrays statist bias, emphasising the causal role of regime type, winning coalition, and vulnerability. State actors and NSAAs vary in nature, operational context, and modus operandi. Sanctions designed to alter the behaviour of state actors may not translate well to the context of NSAAs because they ignore the peculiarities of the latter. Peace and development are elusive where sanctions fail to effectively coerce NSAAs. The Revolutionary United Front (RUF) in Sierra Leone, and Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) in Angola are employed as case studies to explore the limitations of sanctions on NSAAs.
22
FANY ANGGUN ABADI y RIFQI ITSNAINI YUSUF. "THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE RECOVERY PROCESS OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY IN BURUNDI, CENTRAL AFRICA". MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB) 34, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2023): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51200/manu.v34i2.4774.
Texto completoResumen
Women can play a role in peacemaking and peacebuilding in real terms such as taking many actions, both in the political, social, and economic fields, including being involved in peace talks (negotiators), assisting the rehabilitation of child victims of armed conflict, bridging conflicting parties to discuss issues. However, the issue of peace and all efforts to make it happen are considered part of men's work. Thus, the role of women, in this case, is less significant. Women and children are the most victims when a conflict occurs. There are two characteristics of different views to be able to understand gender and conflict. The essentialist view is based on an ontology that states that the world is rule-governed, a construction view that is based on an ontology that states that an ever-changing world. The research method used in this study is a qualitative-descriptive approach. Data comes from various sources, such as obtaining the desired data through documentation studies and digital traces. This is an important force in peace, so women deserve to be called the agents of peace in its essence towards world security and peace. In the post-conflict recovery process in Burundi, women have an important and central role, namely as peacekeepers.
23
Gyamfi, Gerald Dapaah. "Managing Terrorism in Africa". International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism 8, n.º 3 (julio de 2018): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcwt.2018070102.
Texto completoResumen
Terrorism has contributed significantly to the unstable and unavoidable conflict and threat to security to many countries in the twenty-first century globally. In this qualitative case study, the author explores the causes and devastating effects of terrorism on the continent of Africa. The study used purposive sampling method to select and interview eight executive police officers from the Kofi Annan International Peace Training Centre (KAIPTC) and the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) of the Ghana Police Service (GPS). The researcher also assessed issues of policing in Africa relating to terrorism using archival records kept at criminal investigations departments, empirical studies, and other records on the menace published by renowned experts. The study reveals that socialization and radicalism through some interventions are the major causes of terrorism in Africa. The study recommends that international bodies led by the United Nations should support the policing efforts to curb the menace of terrorism in Africa.
24
Handelman, Sapir y Frederic S. Pearson. "Peacemaking in Intractable Conflict: A Contractualist Approach". International Negotiation 19, n.º 1 (13 de marzo de 2014): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718069-12341268.
Texto completoResumen
AbstractThis article presents a contractualist approach to peace and conflict studies that grows out of classical paradigms in the field. The contractualist approach proposes a solution to intractable conflicts through processes such as a public negotiating congress to transform conflicting parties into a large peacemaking community. The vision of an ideal congress is based on the multi-party talks that had operated in South Africa and Northern Ireland during the 1990s. The challenge is to establish a similar peacemaking institution in cases such as the Israeli-Palestinian dispute where ordinary citizens are at the center of the struggle. This article includes theoretical background, analysis of relevant case studies, and lessons from the Minds of Peace Experiment, a small-scale Israeli-Palestinian public negotiating congress that has held sessions in various locations around the world.
25
Kasmuri Selamat. "MODERATE ISLAM TO REDUCE CONFLICT AND MEDIATE PEACE IN THE MIDDLE EAST: A CASE OF NAHDLATUL ULAMA AND MUHAMMADIYAH". European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 15, n.º 1 (16 de marzo de 2023): 280–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.24204/ejpr.2023.4116.
Texto completoResumen
Nahdhatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah are two moderate Islamic organizations in Indonesia which operate in the area of preaching amar ma’ruf nahi munkar, and enlightenment tajdid, sourced from the Al-Quran and Sunnah. Besides being known as a religious organization, NU and Muhammadiyah are also known as organizations that play an active role in the humanitarian field. The study is based on the premise that religious discourse as a resolution can come in various forms and strategies, even by involving actors from across disciplines and countries. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the role of NU and Muhammadiyah organizations in reducing conflict and realizing peace in the Middle East. This research used a qualitative descriptive case study method with NU and Muhammadiyah as research subjects. Miles and Huberman model was used for data analysis which required data collection, data presentation, data condensation, and drawing conclusions. In this study, it was found that in helping to create world peace, NU and Muhammadiyah had done a number of things. In the international arena, NU played a major role in global peace efforts. This role can be seen when NU actively initiated, organized, and led various meetings and conferences and interfaith dialogues. NU also formed the International Conference of Islamic Scholars or the Ulama Conference. and World Muslim Scholars. The role of Muhammadiyah, too, included resolving conflicts in Central Africa, Palestine, and the Rohingya Muslim Conflict. In resolving the Middle East conflict, Muhammadiyah was actively involved in sending aid, for example in the Palestinian conflict, Muhammadiyah formed Muhammadiyah AID.
26
Stanley, Ben Jamieson, Desiree Lewis y Lynn Mafofo. "South African Food Studies". Matatu 54, n.º 1 (29 de noviembre de 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-05401001.
Texto completoResumen
Abstract Introducing a special issue of Matatu titled “South African Food Studies,” this essay argues for the importance of food as a lens for understanding contemporary culture and society. More specifically, the essay advocates for recentring Global South contexts—in this case South Africa—in a ‘food studies’ conversation that has often been dominated by the American academy; it also underscores the vitality of the humanities, qualitative social sciences, and creative arts for transcending reductive ‘food security’ paradigms often applied in the Global South. The essay first examines the short story “Water No Get Enemy” by South African writer Fred Khumalo, introducing how a focus on food and eating can illuminate globalisation, xenophobia, resource conflict, and environmental change. From here, the authors introduce the evolving field of ‘food studies,’ then outline the eight academic, personal, and creative pieces that constitute this special issue, all authored by contributors from the African continent. Issues raised include the gendered and queer politics of food, breastmilk, and soil; the ongoing coloniality of neoliberal approaches to food inequality; the burdening of Black bodies; the role of so-called ‘ethnic restaurants’ in building transnational and multi-ethnic communities; and the heightened stakes of food access during the COVID-19 pandemic.
27
Bargheer, Stefan. "Building a global scientific community". International Sociology 35, n.º 2 (marzo de 2020): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268580920906677.
Texto completoResumen
The three volumes reviewed in this essay assemble over 40 case studies written by more than 50 contributors that trace the development of the social sciences and humanities in Europe (East and West) and a number of countries in Latin America, North Africa, and East Asia. Two of these volumes grew out of the European research project ‘International Cooperation in the Social Sciences and Humanities’ (INTERCO-SSH); the third volume extends the focus of this project to Eastern Europe. A particularly innovative aspect shared by all contributions is the application of a transnational research perspective.
28
Mengisteab, Kidane. "New Approaches to State Building in Africa: The Case of Ethiopia's Ethnic-Based Federalism". African Studies Review 40, n.º 3 (diciembre de 1997): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/524968.
Texto completo
29
Masia, Thendo, Kahilu Kajimo-Shakantu y Akintayo Opawole. "A case study on the implementation of green building construction in Gauteng province, South Africa". Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 31, n.º 3 (18 de febrero de 2020): 602–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-04-2019-0085.
Texto completoResumen
PurposeGreen building is a relatively new concept with limited applications in property development in South Africa. The objectives of this study are therefore threefold: identify key green building principles considered by property developers, establish the benefits of implementing the principles and determine the barriers to its applications.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a case study of two Green Star South Africa (SA)-certified buildings in Sandton, Johannesburg. These are Alexander Forbes building, and Ernst & Young Eris Towers. The two certified buildings were purposefully selected because of the insightful information they provide regarding application of green building principles. The main themes investigated in the cases are environmental awareness, green building principles applications, as well as benefits and barriers of green building. A total of six interviewees from the contractors', property developers', environmental/green building consultants' and sustainability consultants' organizations who were involved in the implementation of green building principles in the two cases provided the qualitative data for the study. The qualitative data were supplemented with data relating to the two case studies obtained from the ‘Earth Works for a Sustainable Built Environment’. The interviews were arranged over a period of two months, and each interview took between 20 and 30 minutes. Analysis of the data was done through a phenomenological interpretation of the qualitative opinions expressed by the interviewees.FindingsKey green building principles comprising energy efficiency, water efficiency, resource efficiency, occupants' health and well-being and sustainable site development were implemented in the two cases. The fact that the buildings were rated 4-star enabled inference to be drawn that the implementation of the principles was less than 60 per cent. Energy efficiency of 35 per cent indicated in Case I suggests that the level is consistent with the South African green building standard of 25 per cent to 50 per cent. However, the energy and water efficiency assessment of the building were based on projections rather than on ongoing monitoring and evaluation of the buildings' performance. Moreover, perceived saving in operational cost was identified as dominant driver to green building principles implementation. Conversely, lack of government incentives and absence of reliable benchmarking data regarding performance of green buildings were major barriers to its full implementation.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study provide important implications to the developers and government on the application of green building principles. In the first place, the evidence that initial high cost premium could be off settled by long- term saving on operational costs as a result of use of local materials, energy and water savings as well as use of recycled material, as implemented in the two case projects, would improve investment decision in green building by developers. The understanding of the drivers and barriers to implementation of green building principles also has implications for guiding government policies and programmes towards green building.Originality/valueThe significance of this study stems from the fact that limited studies, especially in the South African context, have indicated the drivers and barriers to the implementation of green building principles. The case study approach adopted gave a novelty to the study by providing hands-on information from the stakeholders who were known to have played specific roles in the application of green building. The findings indicated that initial high cost premium was not a consideration in developers' choice of green building which justifies the possibility of a costlier product when factors such as environmental sustainability benefit is considered to be ultimate. The study thus suggests further research involving larger cases on energy efficiency, water efficiency and costs of green buildings compared to the conventional type to bring the findings to a broader perspective and assist to benchmark data for green building assessment.
30
Hart, Neil C. G., Chris J. C. Reason y Nicolas Fauchereau. "Building a Tropical–Extratropical Cloud Band Metbot". Monthly Weather Review 140, n.º 12 (1 de diciembre de 2012): 4005–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-12-00127.1.
Texto completoResumen
Abstract An automated cloud band identification procedure is developed that captures the meteorology of such events over southern Africa. This “metbot” is built upon a connected component labeling method that enables blob detection in various atmospheric fields. Outgoing longwave radiation is used to flag candidate cloud band days by thresholding the data and requiring detected blobs to have sufficient latitudinal extent and exhibit positive tilt. The Laplacian operator is used on gridded reanalysis variables to highlight other features of meteorological interest. The ability of this methodology to capture the significant meteorology and rainfall of these synoptic systems is tested in a case study. Usefulness of the metbot in understanding event-to-event similarities of meteorological features is demonstrated, highlighting features previous studies have noted as key ingredients to cloud band development in the region. Moreover, this allows the presentation of a composite cloud band life cycle for southern Africa events. The potential of metbot to study multiscale interactions is discussed, emphasizing its key strength: the ability to retain details of extreme and infrequent events. It automatically builds a database that is ideal for research questions focused on the influence of intraseasonal to interannual variability processes on synoptic events. Application of the method to convergence zone studies and atmospheric river descriptions is suggested. In conclusion, a relation-building metbot can retain details that are often lost with object-based methods but are crucial in case studies. Capturing and summarizing these details may be necessary to develop a deeper process-level understanding of multiscale interactions.
31
Maliganya, Willy y Lwidiko Badi. "An analysis of the nexus between youth urban mobility and COVID-19 trajectories for peace and development in Africa: Perspectives from Tanzania". Sustainable Economies 1, n.º 1 (15 de diciembre de 2023): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.62617/se.v1i1.7.
Texto completoResumen
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 posed prominent public policy concerns. It posed many unanswered questions, especially among the youth who require social protection in different contexts. The pandemic spread over 200 countries worldwide, infecting over 640 million individuals and resulting in the death of over 6.5 million people. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has a similar fundamental consequence marked by widespread inequality across households and individuals. It is estimated that its consequences might be more detrimental, particularly among the youth in low-income families like Tanzania. The country received significant global attention for its COVID-19 response during the first year of the pandemic since it did not share pandemic statistics, implement lockdowns, and question vaccine efficacy while emphasizing traditional medicines. Despite the progress made, the ripple effects of the pandemic are still felt in the country and will probably remain for long and drive policies for generations to come. Still, there is scanty information about how the youth have been affected by the pandemic, particularly in urban areas, and relatively little is known about the relationships between youth, urban mobility, and COVID-19 trajectories for peace and development in the country. This chapter uses Tanzania as a case study to assess the nexus between youth, urban mobility, and COVID-19 trajectories for African peace and development. The chapter relied on secondary data collected through a systematic review. Content analysis was applied to analyze the data. The chapter reveals several studies on youth and COVID-19 in Tanzania. Nevertheless, these studies are very few. Like other parts of Africa and the world over, COVID-19 has significantly impacted the youth in Tanzania. It also revealed the determinants and challenges like social, economic, health, mental, and learning effects of urban youth mobility in the face of COVID-19. Since the COVID-19 pandemic has largely affected the lives of the youth, this chapter provides relevant information that will prompt responsible authorities to adopt effective response measures for addressing the pandemic for enhanced peace and development in Tanzania and Africa.
32
Msila, Vuyisile. "Teacher Unions, Schools and Success: Opportunities and Contradictions". International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research 21, n.º 3 (30 de marzo de 2022): 263–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.3.14.
Texto completoResumen
Teacher unionisation is among the under-researched themes in South Africa. The few teacher union studies focus on the notoriety of teacher unions’ activities, especially the impact of teacher strikes. Studies frequently demonstrate how teacher unions disturb education with a tendency to make schools ungovernable. In fact, in many studies, results have shown that strong union activity undermines school effectiveness. Additionally, these studies people revealed how various role-players such as parents, communities and district officials have maintained that effective teacher unions are the missing link to successful leadership as well as meaningful teaching and learning. This case study examined the potentially positive role of unions in two historically black schools in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. In both schools the principals were active members of two of the most powerful teacher unions in South Africa. At the time of the study, one principal was an office bearer in the South African Democratic Teachers’ Union (SADTU) whilst the other was aligned with the National Professional Teachers’ Organisation of South Africa (NAPTOSA). The paradox in both schools was that, despite the strong unionism, the union and school management collaboration appeared to bolster learner success, teaching and school principals’ effectiveness. The conclusions demonstrate that strong teacher unions are pivotal in building self-fulfilled teachers, the management of diversity and high levels of learner achievement. Finally, the school leaders proved that, with meaningful cooperation among role-players including teacher unions, underperforming schools have the potential to thrive.
33
Bartosiewicz, Adrian. "French-Russian Rivalry in Africa". Security Dimensions 40, n.º 40 (31 de marzo de 2022): 40–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8149.
Texto completoResumen
The Franco-Russian rivalry intensified after Vladimir Putin came to power. Russia began to increase its presence in Africa during this period. The main area of the competition is the Sahel region, where Paris’s influence now dominates. The Russians are acting to build a dominant position, which threatens French interests. The author in this work will present not only the current rivalry, but also the origins of the presence and importance of both powers on the African continent. The aim of this work is to show what areas of contention exist between Moscow and Paris and where the main points of gravity of the rivalry are located. Identify Russian and French interests in Africa and the possibility of citing countries in the sub-Saharan region and the Sahel. Military presence and support seem to be a leading force for creating influence in this sensitive area of the world. The author based his considerations on the following research methods: source analysis, literature of the subject, comparative method, process tracking and case-oriented research, and qualitative data analysis. The competition is pragmatic. Access to Africa’s large natural resources and the use of African economic growth and boosting one’s economies are important. Russians have been building their influence for several years. Their presence has no significant historical basis and focuses on gaining access to raw materials, providing support to autocratic governments and arms trafficking.
34
Wolde, Telahun Teka, Rosemary Musesengwa, Andrea Palk, Erisa, S. Mwaka, Violet Naanyu, Adamu Addissie y Getnet Tadele. "Ethics review of multicenter neuro-psychiatric & neurodevelopmental genetics research protocols: a case study of the NeuroDev & NeuroGap-Psychosis studies". Wellcome Open Research 6 (28 de julio de 2021): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16809.1.
Texto completoResumen
Complex research such as neuropsychiatric genetics presents unique challenges for research ethics committees (REC), particularly in Africa where genetics research on mental & neurological disorders is still in its infancy. To reflect on these experiences of reviewing Neuropsychiatric Genetic studies we use two multicenter studies, the NeuroDev and NeuroGap-Psychosis studies. We explored the content of the national guidelines and regulatory frameworks and the processes for ethics review in the participating African countries, to identify regulatory challenges, and to recommend areas for improvement. We also held reflective discussions with REC members involved in the review of the two studies were interviewed discussing their experiences of reviewing the two studies from the point of view of an African REC/REC member who reviewed the studies. Across all sites, a distinct theme was that the RECs did not have adequate knowledge and expertise for reviewing genetics and genomics studies in general. The review of guidelines showed the need to proactively update guidelines to meet the increasing complexity of research, ensure awareness creation, and continual capacity building of REC members.
35
Adamou, Anan Chukwudi y Katlego Ifiok Lassana. "A Case Study on the Implementation of Advanced Diagnostic Technologies in Healthcare Facilities Across Sub-Saharan Africa". Journal of Innovations in Medical Research 2, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/jimr/2023.12.01.
Texto completoResumen
This research explores the impact of advanced diagnostic technologies on healthcare delivery in Sub-Saharan Africa. Through case studies and evaluations, the study examines successful initiatives in promoting technologies such as telemedicine and point-of-care testing. The research concludes that these technologies have improved accessibility, enhanced the quality of care, and positively impacted patient outcomes. Recommendations for future initiatives include strategic partnerships, capacity building, infrastructure development, patient education, regulatory frameworks, research and development, financial support, and continuous monitoring and evaluation.
36
Hetou, Ghaidaa. "Middle Powers' Crucial Peace Dividend: Networking Development". Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 13, n.º 1 (abril de 2018): 16–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15423166.2018.1424023.
Texto completoResumen
This research provides insights into regional middle powers’ postures and constraints, showing evidence of a gradually structured peace dividend resulting from networking economic development in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Using three case studies, Turkey/Israel, Iran/Pakistan, and Turkey/Iran, this research demonstrates that external regional constraints and internal capacity needs have facilitated strategic economic relations, including joint electricity, gas, and water projects, joint infrastructure and technology initiatives, and joint R&D and military industries. In turn, this strategic networking of economic development projects has restricted these states’ reactions to tension and conflict, prompting them to negotiate and engage in diplomacy to resolve bilateral disagreements so as to not compromise their mutual economic interests. This research contends that the security dilemma faced by middle power states in MENA is a motivator for economic integration even when there is no clearly expressed desire for peace. Economic integration increases their bargaining leverage with the West, while simultaneously resulting in bilateral conflict reduction behaviour patterns. This research further discusses the implications of categorising regional middle power states as regional stability facilitators, since economic integration can satisfy their security concerns, maintain their middle power statuses, and restrain the possibility of war.
37
Nnenna, Ugwu Jovita, Ugwuanyi Ifeoma Perpetua, Asuma Mariita Nchaga, Tushabe Hadijah, Eric Mabonga y Tom Ongesa Nyamboga. "Evaluating the Effectiveness of E-Government Platforms in East Africa". IAA Journal of Arts and Humanities 11, n.º 1 (7 de abril de 2024): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/iaajah/2024/11.11017.11.
Texto completoResumen
This review evaluates the effectiveness of e-government platforms in East Africa, analyzing their impact, challenges, and best practices. It examines evaluation frameworks, adaptation for the region, and key performance indicators (KPIs). Case studies from Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, and Ethiopia illustrate successes and hurdles. Socioeconomic, technological, and organizational factors affecting effectiveness are discussed, alongside policy implications. Recommendations encompass infrastructure enhancement, digital literacy promotion, user experience improvement, and capacity building. Future research suggestions aim to optimize e-government's role in fostering sustainable development in East Africa. Keywords: E-government, East Africa, Effectiveness, Evaluation frameworks, Digital governance
38
Kim, Juseuk. "ICT Uptake and Technology Linkages in Rural Africa". International Journal of Education 9, n.º 3 (22 de septiembre de 2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ije.v9i3.11901.
Texto completoResumen
This report focuses on how quickly and creatively electronic communication is spreading and transforming rural areas in Africa and, particularly, two selected communities in Zambia as case studies. The report also shows ways in which communities are adapting information and communication technologies (ICTs). And this research is interested in studying how quickly electronic communication is spreading and transforming rural areas in Africa and, in particular, the Republic of Zambia. The impact of social networks is being used in dynamic, creative ways to not only spread business opportunities but to energize economies and society. They want to gather community and household information to understand the many ways communities are adapting these technologies. Their methods of adoption and adaptation of technologies do not resemble high-tech societies where governments support massive infrastructure projects. For example, highly creative uses of low-tech cell phones are energizing commerce and spawning new ways of building creative solutions, making African countries some of the fastest growing economies in the world today.
39
Kabundu, Emmanuel, Sijekula Mbanga, Brink Botha y Gerrit Crafford. "Housing Quantum and Innovative Building Systems in South Africa – the Affordability Perspective for 2020". Critical Housing Analysis 9, n.º 2 (26 de diciembre de 2022): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.13060/23362839.2022.9.2.546.
Texto completoResumen
The adoption of innovative building technologies (IBTs) and social welfare policies in South Africa has facilitated an increase in decent homeownership among low-income groups, thus improving their quality of life. However, due to the escalating costs of building materials, the capital and lifecycle costs of implementing these technologies may no longer be affordable. This research aims to provide a comparative evaluation of the affordability of some readily available IBTs in the South African construction industry, relative to existing homeownership subsidy grants. The method used involved the use of secondary data for these IBTs and the income constraint methods. The results showed that, apart from the technologies suitable for the provision of temporary structures, most of the other technologies were not affordable for the complete subsidisation of the top structure when both capital and lifecycle costs were used, except the Moladi and Robust structure IBTs under some low-income homeownership programmes. Further analysis using credit-linked subsidies revealed that the minimum household income required to achieve affordable homeownership (and their rankings) depends both on the evaluation technique (lifecycle or capital costs) and technology used. To improve affordability, any implementing government can either raise the amount of the top structure subsidy grant, promote the use of cheaper but durable IBTs, or promote the use in incremental building methods, such as the Enhanced People’s Housing Process (EPHP) for the case of South Africa.
40
Visagie, Justin y Ivan Turok. "Getting urban density to work in informal settlements in Africa". Environment and Urbanization 32, n.º 2 (16 de marzo de 2020): 351–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247820907808.
Texto completoResumen
The drawbacks of crowded informal settlements stand in stark contrast to the theoretical promise that urban density is the key to building more productive, sustainable and resilient cities. African cities cannot be expected to prosper while the majority of residents live in sprawling informal settlements with no prospect of improvement beyond the provision of basic services. There is a strong case for governments to embrace a broader reconstruction agenda in order to harness the potential of density for all-round progress. The core proposition of the paper is that urban population growth would be accommodated more effectively by building upwards and not merely outwards. We consider the circumstances under which this is true and how the state and communities might refashion conditions in informal settlements despite their restricted resources. To expand upwards requires participatory planning, more tenure security, settlement redesign, and in-situ investments in public services and housing.
41
Musavengane, Regis, Pius Siakwah y Llewellyn Leonard. "“Does the poor matter” in pro-poor driven sub-Saharan African cities? towards progressive and inclusive pro-poor tourism". International Journal of Tourism Cities 5, n.º 3 (29 de noviembre de 2019): 392–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijtc-05-2019-0057.
Texto completoResumen
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to question the extent to which Sub-Saharan African cities are progressing towards promoting pro-poor economies through pro-poor tourism (PPT). It specifically examines how African cities are resilient towards attaining sustainable urban tourism destinations in light of high urbanization. Design/methodology/approach The methodological framework is interpretive in nature and qualitative in an operational form. It uses meta-synthesis to evaluate the causal relationships observed within Sub-Saharan African pro-poor economies to enhance PPT approaches, using Accra, Ghana, Johannesburg, South Africa, and Harare, Zimbabwe, as case studies. Findings Tourism development in Sub-Saharan Africa has been dominantly underpinned by neoliberal development strategies which threaten the sustainability of tourism in African cities. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to three Sub-Saharan African countries. Further studies may need to be done in other developing countries. Practical implications It argues for good governance through sustainability institutionalization which strengthens the regulative mechanisms, processes and organizational culture. Inclusive tourism approaches that are resilient-centered have the potential to promote urban tourism in Sub-Saharan African cities. These findings contribute to the building of strong and inclusive Institutions for Sustainable Development in the Sub-Saharan African cities to alleviate poverty. Social implications These findings contribute to the building of strong and inclusive institutions for sustainable development in the Sub-Saharan African cities to alleviate poverty. Originality/value The “poor” are always within the communities, and it takes a community to minimise the impact of poverty among the populace. The study is conducted at a pertinent time when most African government’s development policies are pro-poor driven. Though African cities provide opportunities of growth, they are regarded as centres of high inequality.
42
Mizerska-Wrotkowska, Małgorzata. "Dylematy unijnej polityki sąsiedztwa oraz wyzwania dla polityki zewnętrznej UE na Bliskim Wschodzie, Afryce Północnej i Ameryce Łacińskiej". Przegląd Europejski, n.º 1-2015 (28 de junio de 2015): 122–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/1641-2478pe.1.15.5.
Texto completoResumen
The purpose of this article is to analyse the challenges for EU foreign policy in three of its geographical areas of interest, which I treat here as case studies: in North Africa, the Middle East and Latin America. The research challenge here is to answer the following questions: 1) How can the European Neighbourhood Policy be made more effective? 2) What lies behind the lack of consistency in EU policy towards the Arab states? 3) What are the challenges facing the European Union in North Africa? 4) What part does the European Union play in the Middle East peace process – and what part should it play? 5) What is the European Union’s role in resolving the crisis in Syria? 6) What are the limitations of EU policy in Latin America? The article undertakes a comparative analysis and is based on analysis and criticism of source material
43
Miles, William F. S. "The Rabbi's Well: A Case Study in the Micropolitics of Foreign Aid in Muslim West Africa". African Studies Review 51, n.º 1 (abril de 2008): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/arw.0.0015.
Texto completoResumen
Abstract:A conventional distinction in the foreign aid literature contrasts relief aid (qua emergency help and charitable giving) with developmental assistance (for sustainable economic growth, capacity building, and equitable distribution). In practice, however, the distinction blurs, and in the field it can lead to micropolitical conflict. This point is illustrated by the ecumenical efforts on the part of a U.S. rabbi to assist a school in southcentral Niger. As illustrated by the history of this project, complexities of local administration, and tensions between the staff and principal of one school, crystallized and demonstrated conflicts between traditional authorities and those of the modern state.
44
Coetzee, Stephanus y Karen Puren. "Towards safe campus environments through environmental design: two universities as case studies". Challenges of Modern Technology 7, n.º 4 (30 de diciembre de 2016): 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.8799.
Texto completoResumen
Universities are often considered to be safe sanctuaries. However, many higher education institutions have increasingly been confronted with crime and unrest. Violence and other crimes on campuses are currently an international concern. This paper reports on a study that investigated student’s perceptions of safety on two campuses namely Lahti University of Applied Sciences in Finland and the North-West University in Potchefstroom, South Africa. Theories from Environmental Psychology and Urban Planning are combined in this study in order to incorporate aspects of the individual, social setting and spatial environment. Increasing people’s safety help to optimise their experience of their environment and can in turn create an enabling context for people to flourish and improve their quality of life. The research followed a qualitative research approach. In this study, 21 participants from a Finnish university and 16 participants from a South African university were selected through purposive sampling. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews supported by visual data of the spatial environment. All data were transcribed verbatim and analysed through qualitative content analysis. The literature and findings of the research both support that the spatial and social environment influences safety. It is therefore recommended that safe campus environments require a multi-disciplinary and integrated approach to proactively develop a Comprehensive Safe Environment Plan (CSEP). From a planning perspective, students’ perceptions of campus environments’ safety may include the creation of compact dedicated campus areas, land uses, building placing and orientation, territoriality, landscaping, visibility, control over fear-inducing activities, maintenance, security measures and pedestrian orientated areas.
45
Leshoele, Moorosi. "Power Lies in the Barrel of a Gun: Diplomacy Without Strategic Military Capability Is Futile". African and Asian Studies 20, n.º 1-2 (27 de abril de 2021): 77–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341484.
Texto completoResumen
Abstract The United States of America invests heavily on their military capability and it is estimated that it spends, alone, approximately 40 per cent of what the whole world spends on military. Four of the other super powers that make up the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (UN-SC) also spend a significant percentage of their national budgets on military. Chinweizu has for a long time argued that Africa needs a well-resourced African Standby Force (or the Black Africa League) that will protect the interests of the continent so as to prevent the history of Africans enslavement and colonialism repeating itself. This article seeks to analyse Africa’s investment on its military defense capability vis-à-vis the five permanent members of the UN-SC and North Korea, by critiquing two case studies of two of the continent’s economic giants – South Africa and Egypt. Realist and Sankofa perspectives are used as the prisms through which the article was researched. In line with Chinweizu’s observation, the article argues that without serious political will and dedication to building Africa’s nuclear weapons capability and ensuring that Africa is economically self-reliant, diplomatic engagements with the rest of the world as (un)equal partners will remain a pipe dream and the looting of Africa’s mineral wealth will continue unabated. It is clear that given the reality of the African Holocust if African countries fail to collectively defend themselves, Africa will continue to be a political football for the rest of the world.
46
Ponka, David, Megan Coffman, Krystle Elizabeth Fraser-Barclay, Richard D. W. Fortier, Amanda Howe, Michael Kidd, Robert P. Lennon et al. "Fostering global primary care research: a capacity-building approach". BMJ Global Health 5, n.º 7 (julio de 2020): e002470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002470.
Texto completoResumen
The Alma Ata and Astana Declarations reaffirm the importance of high-quality primary healthcare (PHC), yet the capacity to undertake PHC research—a core element of high-quality PHC—in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) is limited. Our aim is to explore the current risks or barriers to primary care research capacity building, identify the ongoing tensions that need to be resolved and offer some solutions, focusing on emerging contexts. This paper arose from a workshop held at the 2019 North American Primary Care Research Group Annual Meeting addressing research capacity building in LMICs. Five case studies (three from Africa, one from South-East Asia and one from South America) illustrate tensions and solutions to strengthening PHC research around the world. Research must be conducted in local contexts and be responsive to the needs of patients, populations and practitioners in the community. The case studies exemplify that research capacity can be strengthened at the micro (practice), meso (institutional) and macro (national policy and international collaboration) levels. Clinicians may lack coverage to enable research time; however, practice-based research is precisely the most relevant for PHC. Increasing research capacity requires local skills, training, investment in infrastructure, and support of local academics and PHC service providers to select, host and manage locally needed research, as well as to disseminate findings to impact local practice and policy. Reliance on funding from high-income countries may limit projects of higher priority in LMIC, and ‘brain drain’ may reduce available research support; however, we provide recommendations on how to deal with these tensions.
47
Okorafor, Chikezirim, Fidelis Emuze, Dillip Das, Bankole Osita Awuzie y Theo Haupt. "An artefact for improving the delivery of building energy retrofit project in South Africa". Built Environment Project and Asset Management 10, n.º 4 (18 de junio de 2020): 619–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-04-2019-0033.
Texto completoResumen
PurposeThe built environment is well known for carbon emission and its impact especially as it pertains to existing buildings. This has culminated in an increasing need for a retrofit of such buildings. This study details the development of an artefact for improving the delivery of energy retrofit projects therein to curb these impacts.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilized a mixed method research design for data collection. In achieving this, data was collected in three different phases; (1) a pilot study; (2) a juxtaposition of desktop case studies, live case studies, focus group discussion forum and an expert survey; and (3) a questionnaire survey for the validation of the emergent artefact. Accordingly, the quantitative data was analysed using descriptive statistics, whereas qualitative content analysis was deployed for qualitative data.FindingsThe findings enabled an identification of the elements of a building energy retrofit project (BERP) such as project initiation, building assessment, detailed energy survey, technical analysis and implementation plans of energy measures, monitoring and verification. Also, it provided the challenges and enablers associated with successful BERP. This information was subsequently utilized in the development and validation of an artefact for delivering successful BERP. Summarily, a set of guidelines comprising of seven stages for managing successful BERPs were elucidated.Practical implicationsThe validated artefact provides an adaptive and innovative route for achieving sustainability in retrofit trade.Originality/valueThe study conceptualizes an artefact for improving the delivery of BERPs.
48
Klinken, Adriaan van. "Homosexuality, Politics and Pentecostal Nationalism in Zambia". Studies in World Christianity 20, n.º 3 (diciembre de 2014): 259–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/swc.2014.0095.
Texto completoResumen
Building upon debates about the politics of nationalism and sexuality in post-colonial Africa, this article highlights the role of religion in shaping nationalist ideologies that seek to regulate homosexuality. It specifically focuses on Pentecostal Christianity in Zambia, where the constitutional declaration of Zambia as a Christian nation has given rise to a form of ‘Pentecostal nationalism’ in which homosexuality is considered to be a threat to the purity of the nation and is associated with the Devil. The article offers an analysis of recent Zambian public debates about homosexuality, focusing on the ways in which the ‘Christian nation’ argument is deployed, primarily in a discourse of anti-homonationalism, but also by a few recent dissident voices. The latter prevent Zambia, and Christianity, from accruing a monolithic depiction as homophobic. Showing that the Zambian case presents a mobilisation against homosexuality that is profoundly shaped by the local configuration in which Christianity defines national identity – and in which Pentecostal-Christian moral concerns and theo-political imaginations shape public debates and politics – the article nuances arguments that explain African controversies regarding homosexuality in terms of exported American culture wars, proposing an alternative reading of these controversies as emerging from conflicting visions of modernity in Africa.1
49
Naidoo, Marilyn. "Nurturing Intercultural Theological Education towards Social Justice Ideals in South Africa". Religions 13, n.º 9 (6 de septiembre de 2022): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13090830.
Texto completoResumen
Post-apartheid South Africa, almost three decades into the democracy, is a society in crisis, facing burgeoning economic and social challenges. Religion is seen as a potential force in supporting social cohesion and nation building. Theological education in its handling of diversity and decoloniality reveals complicity and avoidance. A significant task is to embrace the ‘other’ and to affirm the equality and dignity of all people, bearing in mind there is sufficient theological impetus for this. A key question for this study is how theological education can engage in an intercultural ideal towards authentic participation in the development of society. This article reveals the resources and process of embodied formative education within a mediated learning environment to create a hospitable space for learning about differences. It also allows for antiracist pedagogies to be realised within this safer community. Attention is also given to on how epistemological justice and decolonisation is engaged, envisioning a less domineering approach to theological education that makes space for other voices. This contextual case study affirms African identity, revealing humanising education that can support political change at an interpersonal level, as well as at a geo-political level, in its decolonial agenda of creating an engagement of equals.
50
Bargul, Joel L., Denna M. Mkwashapi, Imelda Namagembe, Immaculate Nakityo, Annettee Nakimuli, Josaphat Byamugisha, Daniel Semakula, Janet Seeley y Nelson K. Sewankambo. "Case studies from the experience of early career researchers in East Africa in building community engagement in research". Open Research Africa 5 (27 de junio de 2022): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.13349.2.
Texto completoResumen
Background: In this paper, we explain how three early career researchers actively engaged community members in their health research projects in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, and what was learnt from the experience. The research project in Kenya was on camel trypanosomiasis and the role of camel biting keds (or louse flies) in disease transmission. The project in Tanzania looked at the effect of human immunodeficiency virus and antiretroviral therapy on fertility and ascertained the trends in the use of family planning services amongst women of reproductive age. The focus of the project in Uganda was the implementation of maternal death surveillance and the response policy to determine the cause of maternal deaths and how they might be prevented. Methods: In the three different settings, efforts to ensure local community engagement provided a focus for the researchers to hone their skills in explaining research concepts and working in partnership with community members to co-develop ideas, their research methods and outputs. Results: Involvement of communities in scientific research, which entailed a two-way mutual engagement process, led to (i) generation of new research ideas that shaped the work, (ii) strengthened mutual trust, and (iii) promoted uptake of research findings. Conclusion: Our key findings strongly support the need for considering community engagement as one of the key components in research studies.