Tesis sobre el tema "Pathologies tumorales"
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Bine, Pascale. "Lacticodeshydrogénase : profil isozymique dans les pathologies tumorales". Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P065.
Texto completoCHANCE, PHILIPPE. "Exploration radiologique des pathologies tumorales et pseudo-tumorales de l'articulation du genou". Amiens, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AMIEM038.
Texto completoSIMONDET, ROSELYNE. "Cytoponction a l'aiguille fine seule et pathologies tumorales thyroidiennes". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF11006.
Texto completoHémon, Patrice. "Lag-3 : une cible thérapeutique dans les pathologies inflammatoires et tumorales cutanées". Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077096.
Texto completoLAG-3 (Lymphocyte Activation Gene-3) is a protein expressed on activated T cells' surface that binds the major histocompatibility complex class II (CMH II) with high affinity. Associated with the CD3 complex of the lymphocyte T cell receptor (TCR), LAG-3 is considered as an independent co-receptor that controls the function of T cells by negatively regulating the transduction signals induced by the TCR. We have studied the expression and the role of LAG-3 in a malignant disease: the melanoma (corresponding to 4% of cutaneous cancers but responsible for 75% of deaths associated with those cancers), as well as in an inflammatory pathology: the psoriasis. (1) there is an abnormal expression of CMH II molecules in more than 40% of primary melanomas and in about 70% of metastatic melanomas, clearly associated with poor prognoses. Our study demonstrates that the interaction between thé LAG-3 molecule and the CMH II allows a partial inhibition of the immune response and causes résistance of the tumor cells to drug- and Fas-induced apoptosis through the activation of the MAPK/Erk and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Then, the use of an anti-LAG-3 blocking antibody should permit an increase in the effectiveness of chemotherapies treating melanomas that present CMH II-positive metastasis. (2)The analysis of the expression of LAG-3 on T cells that infiltrate lesional skin of psoriatic patients shows a strong expression of this molecule on T CD4+ lymphocytes detected in the dermis. The use of a cytotoxic antibody in the psoriasis should support the elimination of that cellular actor in the complex regulation loop established between keratinocytes, dendritic cells and T cells
Nguyen, Huu Sau. "Cellules foetales impliquées dans des pathologies inflammatoires et tumorales de la gestation". Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066204.
Texto completoPalcy, Sandrine. "Étude de l'implication des facteurs de croissance FGF1 et FGF2 dans les pathologies tumorales". Paris 12, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA120002.
Texto completoGoffard, Jean-Christophe. "Etude du profil d'expression génique de pathologies tumorales thyroïdiennes se développant dans différents modèles de souris transgéniques". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209983.
Texto completoLa PCR quantitative en temps réel a été utilisé pour confirmer et quantifier la différence d’expression des gènes d’intérêts entre les thyroïdes de souris contrôles de même souche et les thyroïdes issues de souris transgéniques. La PCR en temps réel permet de monitorer à l’aide d’un signal fluorescent émis lors de l’hydrolyse d’une sonde, la quantité d’amplicons produite dans la réaction. La courbe d’amplification se caractérise par une phase exponentielle, suivie par une phase non exponentielle se terminant par un plateau. Contrairement aux idées reçues, nous avons pu démontrer que le plateau était expliqué par la déplétion de la sonde hydrolysée par la Taq polymérase lors de la réaction d’amplification. Dès lors que l’hydrolyse de la sonde reflète quantitativement la synthèse d’amplicons, la fluorescence produite dans la phase exponentielle de la réaction reflète la concentration des amplicons produits. Nous avons donc, sur base de ces observations pu estimer la quantité d’ADN complémentaire engagé dans la réaction en se basant directement sur les données de fluorescence d’une seule courbe de PCR en temps réel sans passer par une courbe de calibration utilisant une quantité connue d’ADN complémentaire.
Doctorat en Sciences médicales
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Pakradouni, Jihane. "NOV/CCN3, une protéine d'intérêt dans les pathologies tumorales et dans les facteurs de risque des maladies cardiovasculaires?" Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066544.
Texto completoBarillot, Noëmie. "Nouvelles approches de machine learning pour l'analyse de données en pathologie numérique : application aux lymphomes primitifs du système nerveux central et extension à d'autres pathologies tumorales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS278.
Texto completoThis thesis explores the application of new machine learning (ML) approaches for data analysis in digital pathology, focusing on rare tumor pathologies. Three main studies are detailed, each using various ML techniques to improve the understanding and treatment of these diseases.The first study focuses on primary CNS lymphomas, a rare cancer affecting the central nervous system. The objective is to analyze digital slides of these lymphomas to predict the clinical outcomes of patients and identify specific molecular subgroups. This analysis aims to improve patient stratification and offer more personalized treatments. The use of advanced ML techniques has enabled the identification of distinct clinical progression patterns and molecular classification.The second study addresses ovarian tumors linked to anti-Yo paraneoplastic neurological syndrome, a rare condition where ovarian tumors cause neurological symptoms through aberrant immune responses. By utilizing automatic segmentation and pathomic texture analysis approaches, this study has classified tumors associated with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. The results show promising identification of these syndromes and significant differences in immune infiltrates, opening new avenues for understanding interactions between tumors and the immune system.The third study proposes a new method for normalizing digital slide images in HE staining based on optimal transport. This method aims to improve the comparability and quality of images used for classification and segmentation tasks. By demonstrating the benefits of this approach, the study shows how optimal transport can help standardize digital pathology images, facilitating more precise and reliable analysis. This technical advancement represents an important step toward integrating robust ML methods into everyday clinical practice.These studies highlight the potential of ML techniques to enhance the classification, segmentation, and analysis of rare tumors, offering promising prospects for clinical research and personalized patient treatment
WALKER, FRANCINE. "Amelioration du diagnostic de pathologies tumorales et/ou virales dans les epithelia digestifs et ano-genitaux par diverses techniques de biologie moleculaire in situ". Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA077305.
Texto completoDelattre, Olivier. "Approche moleculaire des remaniements du chromosome 22 humain observes dans des pathologies tumorales non hematologiques : cas particulier de la t(11; 22) du sarcome". Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA077158.
Texto completoVEDRENNE, JOCELYN. "Etude des alterations de ciita et rfxank dans des lignees tumorales et dans des pathologies associees a un deficit d'expression du complexe majeur d'histocompatibilite de classe ii". Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA077230.
Texto completoDriessens, Grégory. "Développement d'un modèle de vaccination anti-tumorale thérapeutique associant cellules dendritiques et cellules tumorales sécrétrices de GM-CSF". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210822.
Texto completoRagazzon, Bruno. "Contrôle hormonal de la stéroïdogenèse et tumorigenèse cortico-surrénalienne : utilisation de la trangenèse chez la souris pour le développement de nouvelles lignées cellulaires et de modèles animaux de pathologies tumorales par oncogenèse ciblée". Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00686939.
Texto completoLiégeois-Chauvel, Catherine. "Pathologie tumorale des glandes salivaires de l'enfant". Nantes, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NANT1530.
Texto completoCanis, Michel. "Pathologie tumorale de l'ovaire et coelioscopie (doctorat : medecine)". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF1MM13.
Texto completoVanderheyde, Nathalie. "Les cellules dendritiques humaines: inhibition fonctionnelle par les glucocorticoïdes et propriétés anti-tumorales intrinsèques". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211310.
Texto completoConesa, Magali. "Conséquences d'une modulation d'expression des intégrines dans la pathologie tumorale". Aix-Marseille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX22951.
Texto completoBelot, Nathalie. "Caractérisation du rôle des protéines S100A4 et S100A6 dans la migration de cellules gliales tumorales". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211198.
Texto completoDevière, Jacques. "Interleukine 6 et facteur de nécrose tumorale dans la cirrhose éthylique". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213089.
Texto completoBrouillet, Jean-Paul. "Intérêt clinique du dosage de la cathepsine D en pathologie tumorale". Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON13523.
Texto completoCopin, Marie-Christine. "Expression des apomucines humaines en pathologie tumorale bronchopulmonaire et pleurale : interet dans la comprehension de l'histogenese normale et tumorale". Lille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL2T007.
Texto completoBlanc, Catherine. "Place de la tomodensitometrie dans l'exploration radiologique de la pathologie tumorale orbitaire". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CLF13818.
Texto completoPeyrat, Jean-Philippe. "La réceptivité aux hormones polypeptidiques en situation physiologique et en pathologie tumorale". Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10068.
Texto completoDidon, Jean-Philippe. "Recalage d'images cérébrales en IRM : application à la pathologie tumorale et vasculaire". Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD867.
Texto completoTruyens, Carine. "Facteur de nécrose tumorale, interleukine-6 et réaction inflammatoire dans l'infection expérimentale à "Trypanosoma cruzi"". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212638.
Texto completoLE, HOANG BA PATRICK. "Interet diagnostic du squamous cell carcinoma en pathologie pleuropulmonaire". Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE6550.
Texto completoAllory, Yves. "Expression dans le rein humain de la molécule d'adhérence cellulaire L1CAM : marqueur en pathologie tumorale et non tumorale, et épitope HNK-1". Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066178.
Texto completoSpano, Jean-Philippe. "REGF, CXCR4 et PTEN comme facteurs pronostiques et prédictifs de métastases en pathologie tumorale". Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA132035.
Texto completoEGFR, in our study, was found to be overexpressed in colorectal cancer patients and was significantly associated with TNM stage T3 and not with overall survival. Concerning CXCR4 study, strong CXCR4 positive nuclear staining was associated with a significantly better outcome in early-stage NSCLC. Interestingly, the 5-year metastasis rates were 23. 5 % and 34. 1 % in patients with CXCR4-positive and CXCR4-negative nuclear expression, respectively. The loss of PTEN expression has been supported as a prognostic marker. We retrospectively analysed PTEN expression in resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and found no statistically significant relationship between PTEN expression and outcome, in contrary to other tumours. The mechanisms underlying this clinically and biologically important findings and their impact in potential therapeutic strategy are discussed in this work
SORDAGE, MONIQUE. "Interet d'un marqueur tumoral, le squamous cell carcinoma, en pathologie anale". Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE6558.
Texto completoServais, Charlotte. "Mise au point de thérapies anti-tumorales impliquant des vecteurs parvoviraux et la fusion de cellules tumorales et dendritiques". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210624.
Texto completoL’intérêt majeur du parvovirus autonome MVM en tant que vecteur pour la thérapie génique du cancer vient de son expression préférentielle dans les cellules transformées (oncotropisme) et de son aptitude à lyser celles-ci (oncolyse). Les vecteurs générés au laboratoire conservent l’unité de transcription NS et expriment l’IL2 humaine sous contrôle du promoteur P38, à la place des protéines de capside. Malgré les améliorations apportées à la production de vecteurs recombinants, la faible concentration des stocks reste un problème. Il a été montré que, de nombreux virus sont mieux produits en conditions de faible tension en oxygène (hypoxie). Nous avons tenté d’améliorer les titres des vecteurs en les produisant sous faible tension d’oxygène mais sans y parvenir (annexe 1). Dans un modèle in vivo utilisant la lignée de mélanome K-1735 dans des souris immunocompétentes, des cellules tumorales infectées in vitro avant leur implantation en sous-cutané ont montré un effet anti-tumoral du vecteur MVM/IL2 (annexe 2). Afin de mettre en évidence l’apport de l’oncolyse parvovirale dans l’activité anti-tumorale, nous avons mis au point des expériences, dans le même modèle de tumeur, visant à comparer l’efficacité du vecteur MVM/IL2 à celle d’autres vecteurs, Ad/IL2 et Rétrovirus/IL2, ne possédant pas d’activité oncolytique. Dans le but de mettre en évidence une éventuelle réponse immune in vivo, nous avons utilisé le modèle de tumeur TC-1 mais ce modèle s’est montré moins sensible à l’effet du vecteur MVM/IL2 et nous n’avons pas pu démontrer d’activation de cellules cytotoxiques spécifiques de la tumeur.
Il a été proposé d’utiliser des hybrides entre DC/TC pour la vaccination anti-tumorale pour optimaliser la présentation des antigènes tumoraux. Une lignée cellulaire exprimant la protéine fusogène du virus de la leucémie du Gibbon (GaLV-FMG, Gibbon ape leukemia virus) a été dérivée de la lignée cellulaire CHO (cellules ovariennes de hamster chinois) au laboratoire. Cette lignée CHO-FMG, utilisée comme partenaire intermédiaire, a permis la fusion entre cellules tumorales et dendritiques (annexe 3). Nous avons montré que l’expression transitoire après infection par un vecteur AAV-FMG ou après transfection transitoire ne génère pas un pourcentage significatif d’hybrides. En effet, le niveau d’expression ainsi que le pourcentage de cellules transduites exprimant FMG s’est révélé trop faible. Ceci a mis en valeur l’efficacité de la lignée stable CHO-FMG comme intermédiaire de la fusion. De plus, nous avons intégré dans la lignée fusogène, le gène de l’interleukine-2, qui devrait permettre d’augmenter l’efficacité de l’induction de la réponse immune.
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Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
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Taranger-Charpin, Colette. "Immunodétection et analyse multiparamétrique microphotométrique : applications en pathologie tumorale et en neuropathologie du système SAMBA". Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX21902.
Texto completoZHANG, FANGRONG. "Approche moleculaire de la caracterisation de trois alterations chromosomiques observees en pathologie tumorale ou constitutionnelle". Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA077105.
Texto completoGaigneaux, Anthoula. "Determination of diagnostic and prognostic markers in varied tumoral pathologies by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211150.
Texto completoLeroy-Dudal, Johanne. "Néoangiogenèse tumorale ovarienne : contribution à l'étude des mécanismes d'adhérence impliqués lors des interrelations tumeur-vascularisation". Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN4034.
Texto completoBlanchi, Véronique. "Interet diagnostique de l'enolase neuron-specifique (nse) en pathologie pleuropulmonaire". Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE6510.
Texto completoSabbagh, Charles. "Prise en charge de l'occlusion colique tumorale". Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0008/document.
Texto completoThe colonic obstruction is the mode of revelation of 8 to 29% of colon cancers. It reveals latediagnosis most often associated with a tumor locally advanced or metastatic disease. Themanagement, in an emergency, of these cancers is crucial and must include the evaluation ofthe patient's general condition (age, comorbidities, nutritional status), and the stage of thedisease that will have a direct impact on early and late postoperative outcomes. Treatmentoptions available totreat in emergency these tumors are surgical (colostomy, Hartmannprocedure, segmental colectomy with or without intraoperative lavage with colorectalanastomosis, total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis) or endoscopic (colonic stent).The objectives of this thesis were to assess the impact of the colonic stent in the curativemanagement of obstructive colonic cancer, to study pathological data to explain differences insurvival according to treatment strategy and the development of French and Europeanrecommendations to clarify the role of colonic stent in the treatment of colon cancerocclusion
Vieau, Didier. "Proopiomélanocortine et marqueurs biochimiques de différenciation neuroendocrine (7B2 et chromogranine B) en pathologie tumorale chez l'homme". Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066712.
Texto completoLehmann, Pierre. "Quantification de la perfusion et de la perméabilité endothéliale dans la pathologie tumorale en IRM cérébrale". Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIED012.
Texto completoThe perfusion imaging has shown its interest in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of brain tumors. The MRI methods to measure the perfusion can be divided into two groups: methods using intravenous contrast agents and those not using them. The clinical applications on this imaging are still evaluating. After reminders on brain tumors, on angiogenesis and on contrast agent’s properties, we present the basic techniques of magnetic resonance imaging perfusion (MRI),and describe the different sequences acquisitions and analysis methods of perfusion images. In a second part three clinical studies using dynamic susceptibility contrast MR perfusion imaging, permeability and perfusion without injection of contrast are detailed and allow to characterize different types of brain tumors (eg, meningiomas, glioblastomas) These studies demonstrate the clinical use of MRI perfusion for a better diagnosis of encephalic tumors
HERBIN, PATRICK. "Les faux negatifs du scanner en pathologie tumorale intracranienne de l'adulte : a propos de 32 observations". Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M063.
Texto completoMeyronet, David. "Implication des collapsin response mediator protein (crmp) et des voies de signalisation des semaphorines en pathologie tumorale". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10148.
Texto completoTumour growth is a consequence of uncontrolled cell proliferation, cell migration and angiogenesis. These functions are partly controlled by molecules involved in cellular guidance. Among these molecules, the semaphorins, previously described in axonal guidance during development, interestingly control cell migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis and proliferation. Signalling pathways of Semaphorins are only partially known. CRMP (Collapsin Response Mediator Protein) are involved in the signalling semaphoring pathway, precisely as mediator of Sema3A induced growth cone collapse. Implication of these signalling pathways in tumour growth was initially discovered with Sema3F localised in frequently deleted regions of the third chromosome found in non neuroendocrine lung carcinoma. CRMP involvement was also discovered in neurological paraneoplastic syndromes (NPS). These syndromes result of an auto-immunisation against tumour antigens present in some patients. CRMP5 was identified by our laboratory as a target of anti-CV2/CRMP5 auto-antibodies seen in some NPS associated with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and thymoma. While thymoma are benign tumours, SCLC account for 20% of all lung tumour pathological subtypes and represent with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma the most clinically aggressive subtypes of lung tumours. Our aim was to study the physiopathological role of CRMP among the different subtypes of lung carcinoma, thymoma and central nervous system tumours and their relationship with semaphorin signalling pathways. We showed a specific diffuse expression of CRMP5 by high grade neuroendocrine carcinoma and high grade glioma tumour cells. CRMP5 is neither expressed by non neuroendocrine lung carcinoma nor H460 or H157 derived cell lines, nor thymoma. Additionally, 2 collaborative studies were undertaken, focusing on semaphorin cell signalling in tumour derived cell lines. The first study showed an anti tumour effect of Sema3F over-expressed in H157 cell line mediated by neuropilin 2, CRMP2 and CRMP4 but not by CRMP5. It showed that Sema3F stimulation led to the inactivation of Erk1/2 MAPK (Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase) and inhibition of !vß3 integrin mediated adhesion. The second study showed that Sema3A induced DEV cells migration was mediated by neuropilin1/VEGFR1 receptor complex and activated Erk1/2 pathway. CRMP2, CRMP4 and CRMP5 expression changes suggested their involvement in that pathway. Thus, these data show that some semaphorin pathways activation were specific of tumour pathological subtype and grade. These signalling pathways were precisely mediated by specific receptor complexes and different CRMPs isoforms
ELBAZ, SERGE. "Apport de l'injection des complexes de gadolinium en i. R. M. Dans la pathologie tumorale du canal rachidien". Lille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL2M270.
Texto completoBlankaert, Dominique G. I. "Actions régulatrices des cytokines dans des systèmes cellulaires impliqués dans les processus invasifs: étude de la balance Matrixines/Inhibiteurs tissulaires des métalloprotéinases dans les cellules endothéliales et tumorales, en particulier dans les cellules du sarcome de Kaposi". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212635.
Texto completoImperiale, Alessio. "Métabolomique par spectroscopie RMN à haute résolution en rotation à l’angle magique (HRMAS) appliquée à la pathologie tumorale surrénalienne". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAD021/document.
Texto completo1 H-high-resolution magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HRMAS NMR) spectroscopy is one of the most innovative technologies for a global study of metabolism analyzing intact tissue samples. We have assessed the metabolic profile of the normal adrenal and its principal primary tu mors in children and adult. Our study represents one of the first applications of HRMAS NMR spectroscopy to adrenal pathology. Firstly, we have analyzed the pediatric neuroblastoma. The tumoral metabolic profile was compared to that of normal adrenal medulla.Thereafter, the relationship between tumoral metabolomic phenotype and selected established prognostic factors was studied. Patient clinical course was finally correlated to tumoral metabolomic profile. ln adults subjects we have established the metabolic profile of adenoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma and pheochromocytoma. Tumor metabolome was correlated to hormonal secretion and patient's genetic profile. Finally, our findings show that HRMAS NMR spectroscopy is a very promising method for the study of metabolomic profile of tumors originating from the adrenal gland in children and adult subjects
Elliott, Bradley Thomas. "Lipopolysaccharide-induced Inflammation Regulates Myostatin Expression in L6 cells via a Tumour Necrosis Factor-dependent Mechanism". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26280/26280.pdf.
Texto completoAllard, Marc-Antoine. "Hétérogénéité tumorale spatiale et temporelle : description et conséquences thérapeutiques dans les cancers colo-rectaux". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS107.
Texto completoTumor heterogeneity is a typical feature of cancer. It is observed in the majority of solid malignancies regardless of the point of view: clinical, biological, pathological, and genetic. Different levels of heterogeneity have been described: interpatient, spatial heterogeneity (within the primary tumor, between primary and distant lesion) and temporal heterogeneity (tumor evolution under the influence of treatment). Tumor heterogeneity widely explains the emergence of resistant clones to anticancer drugs. The objective of the current thesis was to explore tumor heterogeneity at a clinical, pathological and genetic level, by using the model of hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases (CLM).In the article 1, we studied pathological response to chemotherapy in patients operated on for CLM after either systemic or intra-arterial hepatic oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. We showed that complete pathological response was more often observed after intra-arterial chemotherapy and yield far better outcomes. However, complete response was observed in a minority of patients. We hypothesized that uncomplete pathological response encompass a large group of patients with different oncological outcomes. This lead us to propose a reproducible method (article 2) to assess pathological response, including size and number of nodules. Pathological review found heterogeneity in the response among nodules within the same patients and in the type of pathological features (necrosis, fibrosis). We then explore the prognostic value of pathological heterogeneity and sought to identify predictors of heterogeneity. A dissociated response (difference in pathological response > 50% between two nodules) was observed in XX and did not impact long-term outcomes. IN patients with dissociated response, genetic heterogeneity (mutation and no mutation for KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PI3K) between metastases was shown in 28% of patients (article 3). To study genetic heterogeneity according to tumor location and the tumor tissue analyzed (specimen, biopsy), we used data from the department of molecular biology (article 4). We found that liver metastases were more often wild type for KRAS, NRAS, BRAF compared to lung metastases or primary tumors. In the article 5, we then sought to evaluate intrametastatic heterogeneity (KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, PI3K) within a single liver metastasis (2 samples per tumor). Among the 54 patients with single lesion analyzed, a discrepancy for KRAS (n=2) and BRAF (n=1) were observed un 3 patients (5%). This work confirms that tumor heterogeneity can be observed at various levels. Elaboration of new therapeutical strategies will have to take this aspect into consideration
Uro-Coste, Emmanuelle. "Recepteurs a activite tyrosine kinase : implication en pathologie tumorale ; etude du recepteur a l'epidermal growth factor dans 102 carcinomes mammaires". Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU31518.
Texto completoBousseau, Simon. "Implication de la phostine 3.1a sur l’angiogenèse, le métabolisme endothélial et les pathologies associées". Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0029/document.
Texto completoActual anti-angiogenic therapies are limited, and targeting endothelial metabolism is a new promising strategy. One of the lead compound of the Phostin family, PST 3.1a has anti-glioblastoma properties both in vitro and in vivo. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of PST3.1a on angiogenesis and endothelial metabolism. Angiogenesis is a complex process describing the growth of new blood vessels from existing vasculature, triggered by local pro-angiogenic factors such as the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Angiogenesis takes part in various pathological conditions and particularly in tumor growth. PST 3.1a (10 μM) inhibited the main steps leading to angiogenesis in vitro including migration, proliferation, adhesion and tube formation. PST 3.1a also reduced physiological angiogenesis in both mice and zebrafish models, and pathological angiogenesis and glioblastoma progression in vivo. In addition, our results highlight the alteration of the interaction between VEGF receptor 2 and galectin-1, a binding known as a key component of the regulation of angiogenesis associated to tumor resistance.These results provide a new route towards an innovative and original approach to target angiogenesis related diseases, including cancer
LAURE, REGIS. "Apport de la cyto-ponction et de la micro-biopsie pancreatiques guidees par echographie dans la pathologie tumorale solide du pancreas". Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE6012.
Texto completoSharifi, Ghazvini-Salamatian Vénus. "Approche statistique de l'hétérogénéité intratumorale et application aux grades histo-pathologiques du cancer du sein". Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077175.
Texto completo