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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Pan-African Intellectual Property Organization"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 16 de noviembre de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Pan-African Intellectual Property Organization"

Blakeney, Michael y Getachew Mengistie. "Intellectual property policy formulation in Africa". Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property 11, n.º 1 (18 de febrero de 2021): 98–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/qmjip.2021.01.06.

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This article examines continental, sub-regional and national initiatives in the formulation of intellectual property policy Africa. The article is divided into seven parts. The first looks at the relationship between IP and economic development. The second part examines the role of IP regional integration and trade. The third part looks at African regional trade agreements. Next, the article surveys the activities of sub-regional IP systems in Africa: the African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) and the Organisation Africaine de la Propriété (OAPI). The fifth part looks at the recent formation of the Pan African Intellectual Property Organization (PAIPO) and its relationship with ARIPO and OAPI. The sixth part gives a brief overview of the efforts made in designing national IP polices. The concluding section summarizes the IP policy-making process in Africa.

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Mupangavanhu, Y. "African Union Rising to the Need for Continental IP Protection? The Establishment of the Pan-African Intellectual Property Organization". Journal of African Law 59, n.º 1 (30 de marzo de 2015): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855314000229.

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AbstractIntellectual property rights protection is at the forefront of some of the major controversies regarding the impact of globalization. African countries have in recent years participated to an unprecedented degree in both international and bilateral initiatives dealing with intellectual property. The negotiating positions have been varied and, from a regional perspective, have not been coherent at some levels, with different countries advancing different positions. African countries have adopted regional integration as a strategy to deal with the challenges of globalization. Regional integration is believed to increase negotiating capacities and competitiveness in global trade. It is also believed to improve access to foreign technology. The African Union is facilitating the establishment of a continental intellectual property body. Accordingly, the main aim of this article is to discuss the establishment of the Pan-African Intellectual Property Organization in line with the African Union's vision for regional integration.

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Zerbe, Noah. "Contesting Privatization: NGOs and Farmers' Rights in the African Model Law". Global Environmental Politics 7, n.º 1 (febrero de 2007): 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep.2007.7.1.97.

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The development of the concept of farmers' rights in the Food and Agriculture Organization, and its adoption by the African Union as a counterbalance to the private property rights of plant breeders, highlights the divisiveness of the question of ownership in biodiversity and biotechnology. This article examines the development of the African Model Law, a regional regime intended to promote indigenous control over local biodiversity. The principal argument is that key nongovernmental organizations were able to draw on African efforts and concerns regarding conceptions of private property rights embodied in international agreements, framing the question of farmers' rights in a way that spoke to the African experience. Farmers' rights thus came to be a focal point for African negotiators at international discussions on intellectual property rights and biodiversity, enabling Africa to take a key role in the articulation of alternatives to the Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) Agreement.

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Gathegi, John N. "Intellectual Property, Traditional Resources Rights, and Natural Law: A Clash of Cultures". International Review of Information Ethics 7 (1 de septiembre de 2007): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/irie20.

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Western nations, through international treaties and bodies such as the World Trade Organization, the World Intellectual Property Organization, and economic and political pressures on many governments, are to a large degree succeeding in strengthening protection of intellectual property rights as they are understood mainly within the western context. Framing the debate within Locke‘s theory of natural law, the paper discusses the extent to which this strengthening of intellectual property rights is appropriate for developing countries, especially within the African context.

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Ngombe, Laurier Yvon. "Audiovisual Work in the Member States of the African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI)". Journal of World Intellectual Property 9, n.º 4 (julio de 2006): 445–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1422-2213.2006.00286.x.

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Nechaeva, Yulia Sergeevna. "Current trends in the development of the Intellectual Property Law". Международное право и международные организации / International Law and International Organizations, n.º 1 (enero de 2024): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0633.2024.1.70007.

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This article examines the prospects for the development of intellectual property law in national jurisdictions (Russian Federation, Republic of Indonesia, Federative Republic of Brazil, African countries and others), as well as the place of intellectual property in the system of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The main areas of activity of the World Intellectual Property Organization in the context of achieving these goals, the results of the implementation and use of digital systems and artificial intelligence in the field of intellectual property in national jurisdictions (for example, automation of patent application processes, of document evaluation, of sending documents to the applicant) are analyzed, also the results of the implementation and application of the process of accelerated examination of “green” patents in a number of countries, including the Russian Federation. During the study, general scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, logical method, generalization, as well as a special legal method and a comparative legal method. The author came to the conclusion that the introduction of artificial intelligence and digital platforms into the activities of organizations in the field of intellectual property significantly speeds up and simplifies the entire process from filing a patent application to issuing a patent; it is necessary to create a unified database of “green” patents and carry out comprehensive work to popularize activities in the field of environmental inventions, since currently the search for “green” patents issued in Russia is difficult, and in general, environmental inventions in Russia account for only 1% of the total number of inventions; it is necessary to develop interstate cooperation in the field of intellectual property and develop joint projects, since the problems that need to be solved in the process of achieving Sustainable Development Goals are global in nature.

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Ngombe, Laurier Y. "The Protection of Folklore in the Swakopmund Protocol Adopted by the ARIPO (African Regional Intellectual Property Organization)". Journal of World Intellectual Property 14, n.º 5 (septiembre de 2011): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1796.2011.00426.x.

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The African Regional Intellectual Property Organisation has adopted, on August 2010, one new protocol. This regional text is on the protection of folklore and TK (Traditional Knowledge). Concerning the expressions of foklore, several issues are included such as the ownership of transnational folklore or the distribution of “royalties”. The text is fundamentally inspired by rules relating to copyright law and consolidated by customary law rules.

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Louise, Gerard, Kumar Dookhitram, Michael Blakeney y Patrick Allen. "Navigating the Mauritian Creative Landscape: Insights into Collective Management Organization of Copyright and Neighbouring Rights in Mauritius". Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 12, n.º 2 (25 de septiembre de 2024): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v12i2.7853.

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A thorough analysis of collective management organisations (CMOs) in the unique sociocultural and economic context of Mauritius is presented in this article. By employing a comprehensive methodology that encompasses various case studies and qualitative research techniques like interviews and organisational document analysis, it provides significant understanding of the roles, challenges, and impacts of CMOs in directing and balancing creativity in the Mauritius setting. This study sheds light on the complexities and opportunities present in collective management within Mauritius’ dynamic creative sectors through an examination of operational processes, legislative frameworks, and the socio-economic contributions of CMOs. Minimal election attendance, numerous complaints and conflicts, poor enforcement of intellectual property rights, operational inefficiencies, minimal stakeholder involvement, and poor market dynamics are some of the particular challenges that CMOs in Mauritius confront. The modernisation of the legislative framework, the use of technological advancements, capacity building, income stream diversification, public awareness and advocacy campaigns, and the potential for African and regional unity are some of the special opportunities that CMOs have in Mauritius. This paper offers crucial insights for decision-makers, interested parties, and scholars who want to improve the sustainability and efficacy of collective management techniques, with the ultimate goal of promoting an atmosphere that encourages innovation, creativity, and the fair sharing of intellectual property rights in Mauritius.

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Kongolo, Tshimanga. "Trademarks and Geographical Indications within the Frameworks of the African Intellectual Property Organization Agreement and the Trips Agreement". Journal of World Intellectual Property 2, n.º 5 (1 de noviembre de 2005): 833–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1796.1999.tb00089.x.

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Do Carmo Silva, Marcela, Carlos Francisco Gomes y Castelar Lino Da Costa Junior. "The use of TOPSIS for Ranking WIPO’S Innovation Indicators". Innovar 29, n.º 73 (1 de julio de 2019): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/innovar.v29n73.78027.

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The purpose of this study is to study African, Asian and Oceanic countries in the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) ranking of innovation indicators by means of Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM) analysis, as a support to the methodology applied by WIPO. The quantitative methodology used is the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). This paper includes a Pearson’s correlation between the indicators. Results suggest a novelty to WIPO’s methodology using TOPSIS as a support for ranking countries, contributing to improve the methodology of innovation indicators by joining their qualitative and quantitative perspectives and principles.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Pan-African Intellectual Property Organization"

Ouedraogo, Peingdewiende Jean. "Protection des œuvres littéraires et artistiques dans l'environnement numérique dans l'espace OAPI". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 2, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO20024.

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Les technologies de l’information interrogent la propriété littéraire et artistique de façon permanente. Chaque changement technologique entraine d’importantes répercussions dans la manière de protéger les œuvres culturelles. C’est ainsi qu’avec le développement du numérique des années 2000, plusieurs législations ont été mises à jour en commençant par le droit international. L’accord de Marrakech adopté par l’OMC le 15 décembre 1994 et les deux traités de l’OMPI de 1996 à savoir le traité de l’OMPI sur le droit d’auteur et le traité de l’OMPI sur les interprétations et exécutions et les phonogrammes sont les fruits de ces mutations. Au niveau régional et national, on pourrait également citer le Digital Millénium Copyright Act de 1998 pour l’Amérique et la Directive européenne sur la société de l’information de 2001 pour ce qui est de l’Union Européenne. Tenant compte de ces changements au niveau international et dans les ordres juridiques voisins, le législateur africain a opéré une révision de l’Accord communautaire le 15 décembre 2015. Cette révision prend cependant insuffisamment en compte les préoccupations suscitées par la technologie numérique. L’exemple le plus emblématique est l’occultation des influences de l’Intelligence artificielle sur la propriété littéraire et artistique. Cette thèse vise donc à proposer des solutions pour parachever l’adaptation du droit OAPI de sorte qu’il soit à jour des standards internationaux et tienne compte des développements du droit régional dont la construction est initié par l’Union Africaine avec la mise en place de l’Organisation Panafricaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle. (OAPI). Cette étude touchant à la fois le droit matériel et le système institutionnel de l’OAPI a eu pour objectif de renforcer davantage la sécurité des intérêts des titulaires de droits et ceux des utilisateurs de leurs œuvres de sorte à rendre le cadre communautaire africain plus équilibré et sécurisé
Information technologies are constantly questioning literary and artistic property. Each technological change has important implications for the way cultural works are protected. Thus, with the development of digital technology in the 2000s, several pieces of legislation have been updated, starting with international law. The Marrakesh Agreement adopted by the WTO on December 15, 1994, and the two WIPO treaties of 1996, namely the WIPO Copyright Treaty and the WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty, are the fruits of these changes. At the regional and national level, we could also mention the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 for the Americas and the European Directive on the Information Society of 2001 for the European Union. Taking into account these changes at the international level and in neighbouring legal orders, the African legislator revised the Community Agreement on 15 December 2015. However, this revision does not sufficiently take into account the concerns raised by digital technology. The most emblematic example is the concealment of the influences of Artificial Intelligence on literary and artistic property.This thesis therefore aims to propose solutions to complete the adaptation of OAPI law so that it is up to date with international standards and takes into account the developments of regional law whose construction is initiated by the African Union with the establishment of the Pan-African Intellectual Property Organization. (PAIPO). The objective of this study, which touched on both the substantive law and the institutional system of OAPI, was to further enhance the security of the interests of right holders and those of the users of their works, so as to make the African community framework more balanced and secure

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Somda, Aminata. "Les droits de l'auteur burkinabé sur son œuvre". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR107.

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L’auteur d’une oeuvre de l’esprit au Burkina Faso jouit d’un faisceau de droits reconnus par le droit positif. Ainsi, des droits aussi bien moraux que patrimoniaux lui sont octroyés. Dans le cadre de la mise en oeuvre de ces droits, un mécanisme est mis en place. Il consiste à la perception et à la répartition des droits de l’auteur sur son oeuvre. Cependant, le poids de la tradition, l’analphabétisme des populations et la méconnaissance de la propriété littéraire et artistique entravent conséquemment le bon déroulement du mécanisme. Ces facteurs socio-culturels concourent à la violation massive des droits d’auteur. En effet, les droits du créateur s’en trouvent fortement affectés tant l’exploitation illégale des oeuvres a atteint des proportions fort inquiétantes. Ainsi, l’auteur est pris en tenaille entre une société réfractaire et une loi obsolète. En effet, la loi n° 032/AN/99 du 22 décembre 1999 portant protection de la propriété littéraire et artistique au Burkina Faso est, à bien des égards, en déphasage avec l’environnement juridique contemporain. Il convient donc de procéder à une relecture de ce texte pour une protection optimale des droits de l’auteur burkinabé d’une oeuvre de l’esprit. Il convient, également, de mettre l’accent sur la sensibilisation des populations afin de changer la perception erronée de celles-ci de la propriété littéraire et artistique
The author of a work of the spirit in Burkina Faso enjoys a bundle of rights recognized by positive law. Thus, both moral and patrimonial rights are granted. As part of the implementation of these rights, a mechanism is put in place. It consists in the perception and the distribution of the rights of the author on his work. However, the weight of the tradition, the illiteracy of the populations and the ignorance of the literary and artistic property consequently hinder the smooth running of the mechanism.These socio-cultural factors contribute to the massive violation of copyright. Indeed, the rights of the creator are strongly affected as the illegal exploitation of works has reached very disturbing proportions. Thus, the author is caught between a refractory society and an obsolete law.Indeed, Law No. 032 / AN / 99 of 22 December 1999 on the protection of literary and artistic property in Burkina Faso is, in many respects, out of step with the contemporary legal environment. It is therefore appropriate to re-read this text for an optimal protection of the rights of the Burkinabe author of a work of the mind. Emphasis should also be placed on sensitizing the population to change their misperception of literary and artistic property

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Diop, Falilou. "Uniformisation du droit de la propriété intellectuelle et conflits de lois dans l'OAPI". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSE3046.

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L’idée selon laquelle l’uniformisation du droit de la propriété intellectuelle écarte le problème des conflits de lois semble profondément ancrée dans l’opinion des observateurs qui se sont intéressés au droit de l’OAPI. Du moins, les études qui se rapportent à la propriété intellectuelle dans cet espace n’abordent pas spécifiquement la question du conflit de lois. Lorsqu’elles l’évoquent ponctuellement, elles se limitent essentiellement à constater que ses rapports avec le droit uniforme se résument à sa disparition pure et simple. Ce constat commun méritait néanmoins d’être vérifié. C’est donc à une telle vérification, opérée au moyen d’une confrontation des effets de l’uniformisation du droit de propriété intellectuelle et des causes du problème des conflits de lois, qu’est consacrée la première partie de la présente thèse. Les résultats de cette confrontation conduisent à constater la persistance du problème des conflits de lois au sein de l’espace OAPI, même si le droit uniforme ne manque pas d’en influencer la configuration. Ainsi, la seconde partie de la thèse est consacrée à la recherche de solutions adaptées à la configuration particulière du problème dans l’OAPI. Cette recherche des solutions prend en compte les objectifs de l’entreprise d’uniformisation du droit de propriété intellectuelle, les engagements internationaux des États membres ainsi que les intérêts spécifiques que l’identification de la loi applicable cherche à servir. Elle aboutit, d’une part, à la proposition de solutions positive concernant la coordination institutionnelle nécessaire à une réalisation uniforme des droits de propriété intellectuelle ; d’autre part, à l’élaboration de règles destinées à l’identification de la loi applicable aux différents aspects de la propriété intellectuelle
The idea that the uniformization of intellectual property law eliminates the problem of conflict of laws seems to be deeply rooted in the opinion of observers who have taken an interest in OAPI law. At least, the studies that relate to intellectual property in this space do not specifically address the issue of conflict of laws. When they mention it occasionally, they essentially limit themselves to asserting that the uniform law eliminates the problem of conflicts of laws. This common observation nevertheless deserved to be verified. The first part of this thesis is devoted to such a verification. This verification was carried out by means of a comparison between the effects of the uniform intellectual property law and the causes of the problem of conflicts of laws. The results of this confrontation show the persistence of the problem of conflicts of laws within the OAPI area, even if uniform law does not fail to influence its configuration. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the search for solutions adapted to the configuration of the problem within the OAPI area. This search for solutions considers the objectives of the uniformization of intellectual property law, the international commitments of the member states as well as the specific interests that the identification of the applicable law seeks to serve. It leads, on the one hand, to the proposal of positive solutions concerning the jurisdictional coordination necessary for a uniform realization of intellectual property rights; on the other hand, to the development of rules intended to identify the law applicable to different aspects of intellectual property

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Hurter, Eddie. "Aspects of the nature and online resolution of domain-name disputes". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/5589.

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The thesis analyses selected aspects of domain-name law, mainly from the perspective of trade-mark law. It discusses the evolution of the domain-name system and how it operates as background to a more detailed discussion of the theoretical classification of domain names. The thesis then examines the interplay between trade marks and domain names, and the resolution of domain-name disputes resulting from the inherent tension between these two systems. The main principles of domain-name dispute resolution are identified by way of an analysis of the panel decisions handed down in terms of the international Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP) and the South African domain name dispute resolution regulations. This analysis always addresses, too, the extent to which national trade-mark law principles (with reference to the laws of South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America) apply, and the extent to which this is appropriate.
Private Law
LL.D.

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Libros sobre el tema "Pan-African Intellectual Property Organization"

Marcellin, Sherry S. Political Economy of Pharmaceutical Patents: US Sectional Interests and the African Group at the WTO. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.

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Marcellin, Sherry S. Political Economy of Pharmaceutical Patents: US Sectional Interests and the African Group at the WTO. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.

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The political economy of pharmaceutical patents: US sectional interests and the African Group at the WTO. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2010.

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Erlmann, Veit. Lion's Share. Duke University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478023593.

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In the aftermath of apartheid, South Africa undertook an ambitious revision of its intellectual property system. In Lion’s Share Veit Erlmann traces the role of copyright law in this process and its impact on the South African music industry. Although the South African government tied the reform to its postapartheid agenda of redistributive justice and a turn to a postindustrial knowledge economy, Erlmann shows how the persistence of structural racism and Euro-modernist conceptions of copyright threaten the viability of the reform project. In case studies ranging from antipiracy police raids and the crafting of legislation to protect indigenous expressive practices to the landmark lawsuit against Disney for its appropriation of Solomon Linda’s song "Mbube" for its hit “The Lion Sleeps Tonight” from The Lion King, Erlmann follows the intricacies of musical copyright through the criminal justice system, parliamentary committees, and the offices of a music licensing and royalty organization. Throughout, he demonstrates how copyright law is inextricably entwined with race, popular music, postcolonial governance, indigenous rights, and the struggle to create a more equitable society.

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Kingsbury, Benedict, David M. Malone, Paul Mertenskötter, Richard B. Stewart, Thomas Streinz y Atsushi Sunami, eds. Megaregulation Contested. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825296.001.0001.

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The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) of 2018 is the most far-reaching “megaregional” economic agreement in force. Japan, the largest economy among the eleven signatory countries, played a leading role in bringing CPTPP into being and in the decision largely to preserve in its provisions the stamp of the original US involvement before the Trump-era reversal. The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is the first instance of “megaregulation”: a demanding combination of inter-state economic ordering and national regulatory governance on a highly ambitious substantive and transregional scale. Its text and ambition have influenced other negotiations ranging from the Japan–EU Economic Partnership Agreement (JEEPA) and the US–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA) to the projected Pan-Asian Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). This book provides an extensive analysis of TPP as a megaregulatory project for channeling and managing new pressures of globalization, and of core critical arguments made against economic megaregulation from standpoints of development, inequality, labor rights, environmental interests, corporate capture, and elite governance. Specialized chapters cover supply chains, digital economy, trade facilitation, intellectual property, currency levels, competition and state-owned enterprises, government procurement, investment, prescriptions for national regulation, and the TPP institutions. Country studies include detailed analyses of TPP-related politics and approaches in Japan, Mexico, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, and Thailand. Contributors include leading practitioners and scholars in law, economics, and political science. At a time when the World Trade Organization (WTO) and other global-scale institutions are struggling with economic nationalism and geopolitics, and bilateral and regional agreements are pressed by public disagreement and incompatibility with digital and capital and value chain flows, the megaregional ambition of TPP is increasingly important as a precedent requiring the close scrutiny this book presents.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Pan-African Intellectual Property Organization"

Acquah, Daniel Opoku. "The African Intellectual Property Organization". En Elgar Encyclopedia of Intellectual Property Law. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781800886933.african.intellectual.property.organization.

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Schneider, Marius y Nora Ho Tu Nam. "The African Intellectual Property Organization". En Protecting Geographical Indications in Africa, 55–71. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780191955082.003.0005.

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Abstract This chapter explores the African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI), which is one of the two main regional intellectual property organizations in Africa. Membership to the OAPI is open to all African states who become party to the Agreement of Bangui. First created in September 1962, the OAPI is a unitary system for the protection of intellectual property (IP) rights. All member states apply a uniform law, the Bangui Agreement and its ten annexes. The chapter explains how geographical indications (GIs) can be registered and enforced in the OAPI either through the sui generis system or as collective marks or certification marks. The sui generis protection of GIs has been possible at the OAPI since 1977 as appellations of origin inspired by the definition in the Lisbon Agreement and as GIs since 1999.

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Acquah, Daniel Opoku. "The African Regional Intellectual Property Organization". En Elgar Encyclopedia of Intellectual Property Law. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781800886933.african.regional.intellectual.

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Schneider, Marius y Nora Ho Tu Nam. "The African Regional Intellectual Property Organization". En Protecting Geographical Indications in Africa, 47–54. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780191955082.003.0004.

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Abstract This chapter discusses the African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO), which is one of the two regional intellectual property organizations in Africa. Most member states of ARIPO are anglophone countries found in Eastern and Southern Africa. ARIPO member states may become member to a number of protocols that each govern a specific intellectual property (IP) right: the Harare Protocol on Patents and Industrial Designs; the Banjul Protocol on Marks; the Swakopmund Protocol on Protection of Traditional Knowledge and Expressions of Folklore; and the Arusha Protocol for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. The chapter details the various initiatives undertaken at the ARIPO in relation to GI. Till now, no GI protocol has, however, been adopted. The chapter outlines the mechanisms available in each member state to protect a GI and the possibility of using the Banjul Protocol on Marks.

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Negm, Namira. "The Statute of the Pan-African Intellectual Property Organization (PAIPO) (2007)". En An Introduction to the African Union Environmental Treaties, 119–20. Brill | Nijhoff, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004508651_027.

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"No. 1191. United Nations Industrial Development Organization and African Intellectual Property Organization". En Treaty Series 1968, 221–22. UN, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/24cbed85-en-fr.

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Schneider, Marius y Vanessa Ferguson. "ARIPO". En Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in Africa. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837336.003.0002.

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Schneider, Marius y Vanessa Ferguson. "OAPI". En Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in Africa. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837336.003.0003.

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On 13 September 1962 in Libreville, Gabon, twelve Heads of State and Government adhered to the Agreement on the creation of the African and Malagasy Office of Industrial Property (OMAPI). The departure of Madagascar, the attribution of new competences in the area of copyright, and the need to interlink intellectual property with development soon created a need for a revised agreement. This led to the revision of the agreement in Bangui, Central African Republic on 2 March 1977 and to the creation of the African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI, an acronym of Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle). A new revision of the agreement took place on 24 February 1999 to ensure the conformity of the agreement to the dispositions of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), to which all the Member States are party. This new agreement entered into force on 28 February 2002. Today the OAPI has seventeen Member States and represents more than 100 million inhabitants.

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Addor, Felix. "I.57 European Patent Organization (EPO)/European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO)/African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO)/L’Organisation Africaine dela Propriete Intellectualle (OAPI)/Eurasian Patent Organization (EAPO)/GCCPatent Office (GCCPO)". En Elgar Encyclopedia of International Economic Law, 133–40. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781784713546.72.

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