Tesis: "Pack management"

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Qasemi, Reza y Kelvin Frank. "Thermal management of lithium-ion battery pack". Thesis, Jönköping University, Tekniska Högskolan, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-51609.

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Lithium-ion batteries are the source of energy for many battery-powered devices due to their high energy density and specific energy. These batteries generate a significant amount of heat during charging and discharging. Therefore, managing the thermal behavior becomes more critical to avoid the overheating of these batteries. The purpose of this paper to investigate the thermal behavior of the Cramer 82V battery pack from Globe Group during high current discharge and provide a simulation model that can be the foundation for the next generation of batteries. The approach of this project was to research, test, and simulate the battery pack to understand and model the thermal behavior. For more extensive sampling, 7 Cramer 82V6Ah batteries were tested to investigate and analyze the thermal behavior of the batteries during the discharge. In addition, several thermal simulations in SolidWorks were conducted on the battery pack model and compared to the experimental results. The results from the simulation and experiment are compared at specific positions to ensure the simulation results are valid and can be used for the development of the next generation of the battery pack.

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2

Black, Randi Alyson. "Compost Bedded Pack Barns: Management Practices and Economic Implications". UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/13.

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Compost bedded pack (CBP) barn design and pack maintenance procedures vary considerably, making advising and problem-solving challenging. One objective of this research was to characterize herd performance and management practices employed by Kentucky CBP managers (42 farms and 47 CBP facilities). Producer satisfaction, changes in historical bulk-tank somatic cell count, and improvement in herd performance parameters after transitioning to a CBP barn support reported CBP barn system benefits. Daily milk production increased from before moving into the CBP barn to the second year after (29.3 ± 0.3 vs. 30.7 ± 0.3 kg, respectively; P < 0.05) for farms using the CBP barn as the primary housing facility (n = 8). Increasing stirring frequency, stirring depth, and ambient temperatures increased pack temperature. Increased drying rate decreased CBP moisture. Increased 20.3 cm depth CBP temperature and ambient temperatures improved cow hygiene. Mastitis-causing bacteria thrive in conditions similar to optimal composting bacteria conditions, making reduction of these bacteria difficult in an active composting environment. Producers must pay attention to other management areas where preventive measures can be employed. The New Dairy Housing Investment Analysis Dashboard provides users an interactive and flexible decision tool to make more informed facility investment decisions.

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3

Erb, Dylan C. (Dylan Charles). "Optimizing hybrid vehicles : battery pack design, energy management, and collaborative learning". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104455.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2016.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 197-207).
Hybrid vehicles are designed to operate efficiently using data from within the bounds of that single vehicle. With limited access to outside information, hybrid control systems can react to external stimuli but cannot prepare ahead of time, which limits the overall efficiency. This thesis looks beyond the scope of traditional automotive systems to increase efficiency and boost performance of hybrid vehicles while decreasing cost and maximizing drivability. I cover three main subject areas which are all focused on hybrid vehicle optimization: battery pack design for low cost thermal management, energy management of blended battery packs for weight minimization, and collaborative learning for improved energy management. The outputs of this thesis include insights into the minimization of air-cooling costs in battery packs, a better understanding of the blended battery pack design space, and in-vehicle applications of collaborative learning. First, I have advanced the understanding of how cell-level properties affect the overall costs of air-cooling in battery packs and have shown how to minimize those costs. Through both simulation and analytical studies, I illustrated that cell size and geometry can be selected to balance the tradeoff between average and delta temperature constraints. At the intersection of these two constraints, a cell size can be found that results in the minimum cost of air-cooling for the parameters of that application. While the simulation results take significant time to compute, the proposed analytical method can be used to narrow down a design space in a fraction of the time through direct calculation. Second, I have shown how blended battery packs can be sized for a given application and have identified what applications will benefit most from tribridization. Using integer programming for a lower bound, a dynamic programming based method for minimum feasibility, and a peak shaving heuristic as a baseline, I carried out a large study. In this experiment, I quantified how much room for improvement there is for a variety of hybrid applications through the pack-level combination of different energy storage technologies. Based on the results, I extracted rules of thumb for understanding when blended battery packs can improve over uniform packs. Finally, I have demonstrated how collaborative learning can benefit energy management for hybrid vehicles. I illustrated how the drivability and fuel efficiency of current micro hybrids suffer from the automatic starting and stopping of the engine for relatively short idles. By defining a traffic model and comparing that to realworld datasets, I identified parameters that are most useful in predicting idle time of vehicles in traffic. Using these predictors in combination with machine learning classifiers, I quantified the potential for a Smart/Stop system that harnesses collaborative learning to improve over current automatic engine start/stop performance. The result is a system that can significantly increase drivability while maintaining or even improving upon baseline fuel economy.
by Dylan Charles Erb.
Ph. D.

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4

Yurkovich, Benjamin J. "Electrothermal Battery Pack Modeling and Simulation". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1281632214.

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5

Kloeblen, Arne. "Construction and integration of a battery pack and management system into a solar car". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018654.

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In today’s world, we have reached the point where conventional energy forms are inevitably running out. At the same time, the technology for alternative energy harnessing is improving with big steps, especially with society rethinking their high consumption of finite energy and material. This opens the opportunity und increases acceptance for projects and research to prove its actual implementation and to push the boundaries of current technology further.One particular area of application is the automotive sector showcasing raise of costs due to depleting fuel. Solar powered cars are raising interest as it could be a way to complete independence of any resource that has to be produced, mined or in any way transported to the place of consumption. Involvement with the view to enhance their research in this field has become interesting for universities.With solar powered cars, new problems emerge, amongst others the amount of harnessed sun power and the storage to have it available at the point of use. Due to the low energy available, energy storage as light and as efficient as possible is needed. A system is required that allows to be operated independently of its surrounding in a way it is controllable.Lithium-ion based batteries were seen as the most applicable way to execute this, as they give the highest energy density with lower losses than stable, commercially available energy storage mediums.It was decided to design, build and integrate a battery system with its safety circuit into a solar car. After material selection suppliers were searched and contacted. With the successful manufacturing of this system combining different processing methods, partially at university and partially in the industry, the project included a monitoring and management system and protective measures. It was implemented so that neither the limitations of the chemistry and the physical cells nor the vibration occurring while driving the car prevents its proper use. Besides this, communication and dimensions to operate within the car followed, allowing the driver and convoy to access information and control the system.This battery system proved to be practical in street use comparable with that of regular cars and posed as a safe and effective energy supply for an electrically driven car, meeting the given demands.

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6

Hammond, Leslie. "Nutrient Availability and Dynamics of Compost Bedded Pack Dairy Barn Waste". UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/68.

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Increased adoption of compost bedded pack dairy barns (CBP), a relatively new housing and manure handling strategy, warrants study to facilitate proper use of CBP waste as a soil amendment. This study: 1) characterized in situ nutrient content and availability of CBP waste in terms of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P); 2) examined the decomposition of surface-applied CBP waste compared to an alternative processed solid waste amendment; 3) examined nutrient dynamics of incorporated CBP waste in high and low soil test phosphorus (STP) environments. Quick anaerobic mineralization assays revealed that bed management affects nutrient content and availability of CBP waste. A Fall surface-applied litter bag study showed that different particle sizes of CBP waste and a biosolid decomposed at similar rates. The biosolid had greater nutrient density and availability, but the decomposition was similar to CBP waste in terms of mineralization dynamics. Aerobic mineralization of CBP waste in high and low STP soils amended on a uniform P basis was compared with fresh manure. In general, CBP increased STP more and yielded more plant available P than fresh manure. These studies provide recommendations for CBP management and further study to ensure the proper land application of CBP waste.

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7

Muhieddine, Tamara y Julia Suneson. "Optimering av packkonfiguration inom varuflöde". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för matematik och matematisk statistik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-122530.

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Allt fler detaljhandelskoncerner möter problem med att optimera fördelning och påfyllning av produkter till butiker. Ledtiderna inom modeindustrin är långa och återförsäljarna måste planera sina inköp flera månader i förväg för de kommande säsongerna. Produkterna paketeras hos tillverkarna innan de skickas vidare till centrallagret. Beslut om packstorlekar tas i samband med inköpsordern. Genom att paketera flera lagerhållningsenheter (SKU) tillsammans ökar effektiviteten och kostnader i leveransflödet reduceras, samtidigt kan felfördelningskostnader uppstå. Detta examensarbete är utfört åt Venue Retail Group som är en ledande aktör i norden inom accessoarer, resetillbehör och skor. Syftet med examensarbetet är att finna de åtgärder inom packutformningen som skulle kunna generera ökad genomförsäljning för Venue Retail Groups egenproduktion av syntetväskor. I examensarbetet formuleras förpackningsproblemet som ett optimeringsproblem. En modell utformas för bestämning av optimal packkonfiguration som tillfredsställer varje butikskategoris prognostiserade efterfrågan med målet att minimera de totala kostnaderna. Genom kartläggning av produkternas varuflöde samt identifiering av kostnader relaterade till packkonfiguration föreslår examensarbetet en ändring av Venue Retail Groups befintliga packstrategi som kan uppnå en bättre genomförsäljning.
An increasing number of retail groups is facing problems with optimizing distribution and replenishment of products to serve stores. Lead times in the fashion industry are long and dealers often have to plan their purchases several months in advance for the coming seasons. The products are packed in production before they are sent to the central warehouse. Decisions about the pack configuration are made in connection with the purchase order. By packaging multiple stock-keeping units (SKUs) together, the efficiency increase and the costs in the supply chain can be reduced, while misallocation costs may arise. The master thesis is performed at the Venue Retail Group, which is a leading group in the Nordic region within the accessories, travel equipment and shoes. The objective of the paper is to identify the optimal pack configuration in order to generate increased turnover sales within the supply chain for own production synthetic bags. In this paper the pack problem is formulated as an optimization problem. A model is designed to determine the optimal packing order quantities that satisfy every store category's forecasted demand with the goal to minimize the total costs. By mapping product flow and identifying costs related to pack configuration the paper suggest a change of Venue Retail Groups existing pack strategy to achieve the objective.

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8

Eckelkamp, Elizabeth A. "COMPOST BEDDED PACK BARNS FOR DAIRY CATTLE: BEDDING PERFORMANCE AND MASTITIS AS COMPARED TO SAND FREESTALLS". UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/43.

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Lameness and mastitis are the two most costly diseases in the dairy industry. Reduction of these diseases through housing and management is beneficial. Compost bedded pack (CBP) and sand freestall barns were compared in a long-term, on-farm study to assess the effect of housing on each disease. Another research objective was to evaluate the effects of ambient weather conditions on moisture and 20 cm internal temperature of CBP. Compost bedded pack moisture, C:N ratio, and internal temperature effects on cleanliness, mastitis, and bedding bacterial counts were also considered. The last research objective was to evaluate the economics of bedding material decisions in CBP and provide a user-friendly decision support tool to predict bedding costs and usefulness.

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9

Wang, Haoting. "Experimental and Modeling Study of the Thermal Management of Li-ion Battery Packs". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79660.

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This work reports the experimental and numerical study of the thermal management of Li-ion battery packs under the context of electric vehicle (EV) or hybrid EV (HEV) applications. Li-ion batteries have been extensively demonstrated as an important power source for EVs or HEVs. However, thermal management is a critical challenge for their widespread deployment, due to their highly dynamic operation and the wide range of environments under which they operate. To address these challenges, this work developed several experimental platforms to study adaptive thermal management strategies. Parallel to the experimental effort, multi-disciplinary models integrating heat transfer, fluid mechanics, and electro-thermal dynamics have been developed and validated, including detailed CFD models and lumped parameter models. The major contributions are twofold. First, this work developed actively controlled strategies and experimentally demonstrated their effectiveness on a practical sized battery pack and dynamic thermal loads. The results show that these strategies effectively reduced both the parasitic energy consumption and the temperature non-uniformity while maintaining the maximum temperature rise in the pack. Second, this work established a new two dimensional lumped parameter thermal model to overcome the limitations of existing thermal models and extend their applicable range. This new model provides accurate surface and core temperatures simulations comparable to detailed CFD models with a fraction of the computational cost.
Ph. D.

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10

Vo, Thomas V. "The Development of an Integrated Battery Management System and Charger". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1406657703.

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11

Parsons, Kevin Kenneth. "Design and Simulation of Passive Thermal Management System for Lithium-ion Battery Packs on an Unmanned Ground Vehicle". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2012. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/912.

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The transient thermal response of a 15-cell, 48 volt, lithium-ion battery pack for an unmanned ground vehicle was simulated with ANSYS Fluent. Heat generation rates and specific heat capacity of a single cell were experimentally measured and used as input to the thermal model. A heat generation load was applied to each battery and natural convection film boundary conditions were applied to the exterior of the enclosure. The buoyancy-driven natural convection inside the enclosure was modeled along with the radiation heat transfer between internal components. The maximum temperature of the batteries reached 65.6 °C after 630 seconds of usage at a simulated peak power draw of 3,600 watts or roughly 85 amps. This exceeds the manufacturer's maximum recommended operating temperature of 60 °C. The pack was redesigned to incorporate a passive thermal management system consisting of a composite expanded graphite matrix infiltrated with a phase-changing paraffin wax. The redesigned battery pack was similarly modeled, showing a decrease in the maximum temperature to 50.3 °C after 630 seconds at the same power draw. The proposed passive thermal management system kept the batteries within their recommended operating temperature range.

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12

Mattox, Shayna L. "A Randomized Controlled Trial: Absorbable Hemostatic Pack Effect on Bleeding Time Following Extraction of Primary Maxillary Incisors". The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1594225380425452.

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13

PORPORA, Francesco. "Design and Prototyping of Battery Management Systems for Lithium-ion Battery Packs". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Cassino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11580/83987.

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High-performance equalization circuits have to satisfy different requirements, including modularity, scalability, weight and volume, reliability, cost, hardware and software complexity. Currently, the design targets are mainly focused on minimizing the equalization time and the overall size of the circuit. This also implies the definition of a proper thermal management for dissipating the heat generated due to the high balancing currents that may be needed. However, literature and industry standards do not address the problem of the optimal sizing of the equalization circuits, which is strongly affected by the operating conditions of the battery pack as well as the parameter variations of the components adopted. The original contribute proposed in this dissertation regards the definition of design methodologies for passive and active equalization circuits that take into account for relevant aspects of both battery pack and power electronics components. Firstly, the real operating conditions of both individual cells and the overall battery pack have been considered in terms of cell technology, temperature, model calibration and voltage imbalances among the cells. Secondly, the real behavior of the components used for the specific equalization circuit and their parameter variations have be taken into account. In this way, a proper evaluation of the performance of the equalization circuits can be achieved by considering their functionalities in real operating conditions. In particular, design strategies have been proposed for four BMS architectures, one for each main equalization type, including passive, capacitor-based, inductor-based and transformed-based solutions. Moreover, a novel architecture for an active equalization circuit has been developed for the transformer-based equalizer, which allows for achieving a cells-to-cells energy transfer. Besides the development of design strategies for passive and active equalization circuits, real prototypes have been sized and implemented as well. In detail, a modular architecture for the passive equalizer of a 50HP electric kart and the novel active equalizer have been prototyped with the aim of validating their performance in real-world environments. These prototypes also allow for managing high-voltage battery packs or hybrid systems, which are composed by different technologies of batteries (second life applications). Moreover, a detailed comparison between the prototypes developed has been carried out in order to highlight their main features in different operating conditions, including charging, discharging and idle state.

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14

Rozinek, Josef. "Návrh a konstrukce modulárního pouzdra pro baterie". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230269.

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Tato práce se zabývá problematikou battery packů. V první části popisuje návrh battery packu z hlediska volby baterií, jejich tvaru, velikosti, typu a konfigurace zapojení. Dále uvádí vliv těchto charakteristik na výkonnost battery packu a jeho spolehlivost. Zabývá se problematikou termálního managementu battery packů a jeho vlivu na životní cyklus baterií. V druhé části se zabývá praktickým návrhem konceptu battery packu pro Lithium-polymerové baterie. Kalorimetricky je zde zjištěno množství produkovaného tepla při vybíjení, které je poté využito v CFD simulaci chlazení článku.

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15

Ali, Haider Adel Ali y Ziad Namir Abdeljawad. "THERMAL MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES APPLIED FOR STATIONARY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS : Investigation on the thermal behavior of Lithium-ion batteries". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48904.

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Batteries are promising sources of green and sustainable energy that have been widely used in various applications. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have an important role in the energy storage sector due to its high specific energy and energy density relative to other rechargeable batteries. The main challenges for keeping the LIBs to work under safe conditions, and at high performance are strongly related to the battery thermal management. In this study, a critical literature review is first carried out to present the technology development status of the battery thermal management system (BTMS) based on air and liquid cooling for the application of battery energy storage systems (BESS). It was found that more attention has paid to the BTMS for electrical vehicle (EV) applications than for stationary BESS. Even though the active forced air cooling is the most commonly used method for stationary BESS, limited technical information is available. Liquid cooling has widely been used in EV applications with different system configurations and cooling patterns; nevertheless, the application for BESS is hard to find in literature.To ensure and analyze the performance of air and liquid cooling system, a battery and thermal model developed to be used for modeling of BTMS. The models are based on the car company BMW EV battery pack, which using Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) prismatic lithium-ion cell. Both air and liquid cooling have been studied to evaluate the thermal performance of LIBs under the two cooling systems.According to the result, the air and liquid cooling are capable of maintaining BESS under safe operation conditions, but with considering some limits. The air-cooling is more suitable for low surrounding temperature or at low charging/discharge rate (C-rate), while liquid cooling enables BESS to operate at higher C-rates and higher surrounding temperatures. However, the requirement on the maximum temperature difference within a cell will limits the application of liquid cooling in some discharge cases at high C-rate. Finally, this work suggests that specific attention should be paid to the pack design. The design of the BMW pack is compact, which makes the air-cooling performance less efficient because of the air circulation inside the pack is low and liquid cooling is more suitable for this type of compact battery pack.

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16

Bartholomew, Nathan. "Accurately predicting visitation as a strategic tool for management of a public park". Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35445.

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Master of Agribusiness
Department of Agricultural Economics
Nathan P. Hendricks
Public parks can provide considerable value to the population that visit them, for the community around them and the local economy. A well designed public park can attract growth in tourism, stimulate a habitat for wildlife, contribute to personal health and wellness, improve the aesthetics of an area and stimulate economic growth. Managing and operating a public park entails many complex issues such as designing an attractive green space, implementing and maintaining the park, attracting and managing visitors and obtaining financial support. Public parks need to identify factors that influence park visitation in order to more effectively manage park visitorship.. This thesis examines park visitation analyzing data of park users of The High Line in New York City to develop a model to more accurately predict visitation. The thesis focuses on the critical social and climatic variables that attract visitors to spend time in the High Line park. Understanding these factors will allow park management the ability to create a strategic plan for managing a public space that best serves its visitors and the community. More specifically, a strategic plan helps to determine who the visitors are and what activities they enjoy in the park. In conceptualizing a solution, High Line can put into practice what its visitors want to see offered in the park and which of its programming needs improvement to attract more visitors. Meeting the needs of park visitors will create a better experience for the customers and a better management strategy for operations. A multivariate regression analysis was used to establish the relationship between High Line visitation and the climatic and social variables. The climatic variables of daily average temperature and precipitation. The social variables of day of the week and season of the year were added to the structural model as dummies. A time trend variable characterized as time in years was added to the model to show any yearly change in visitation to the park. This method has been widely applied to a number of studies testing the relationship of climatic and social variables to park visitation (Micah, Scotter and Fenech 2016). The results of this regression analysis show that the social variables of day of the week and season and the climatic variables of average temperature and precipitation had a significant affect on park visitation. The model developed can be used to forecast park visitation, quantifying the many variables that influence park visitation.

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17

Culhane, Michèle. "An ecosystem management approach to fire management in Terra Nova National Park". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ47445.pdf.

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18

Bartlett, Jonathon R. "Park Management and the Growth of Cooperating Associations in Yosemite National Park California". Ohio : Ohio University, 2003. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1057246155.

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19

Stoffle, Richard W. "Natural Resource Management at Isle Royale National Park". Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293757.

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A presentation on the historic and prehistoric use of resources at Isle Royale National Park. The complete report, which can be found in this collection, is titled 'The Isle Royale Folkefiskerisamfunn: Familier Som Levde Av Fiske: An Ethnohistory of the Scandinavian Folk Fishermen of Isle Royale National Park.'

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20

Nolfi, Daniel C. "National Park Service Cave and Karst Resources Management Case Study: Great Smoky Mountains National Park". TopSCHOLAR®, 2011. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1053.

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As discussed in the National Parks Service’s (NPS) Directors Orders/Natural Resources Management Reference Manual #77 and the 2006 NPS Management Policy Handbook, implementing a management plan specifically for cave and karst resources within a national park is paramount to afford these resources appropriate protection. With support from the Federal Cave Resources Protection Act and the National Park Service Organic Act of 1906, management actions protecting caves has begun to place significant importance outside the traditional cave environment onto a broader karst landscape. The need to understand and protect the karst environment and caves as a karst resource has taken a much larger role in the scientific literature and has increased interest in its federal management application. Proactive management through the use of holistic karst wide management plans and programs is shown to provide superior measures for resource protection when compared to the shortcomings associated with reactive cave focused management. The use of Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) as a case study supports the need to develop and implement a proactive cave and karst management plan specific to their resources. Management decisions with regards to cave and karst resources currently follow the park's general directives and Superintendent's Compendium. GRSM’s caves and karst areas represent unique resources, such as extensive vertical relief and rare biota, requiring special management in order to effectively protect them and to manage those who study and recreate within them. Characteristics such as these necessitate holistically addressing management of these resources.

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21

Greenaway, Guy. "Communication for ecosystem management, recommendations for Banff National Park". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0017/MQ27563.pdf.

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22

Wittmann, Andrea. "Management und Pflege für den Wittelsbacher Park in Augsburg". [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11675458.

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23

Maciha, Mark Joseph. "The practice of leadership| A survey of National Park Service chief park rangers". Thesis, Northern Arizona University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3621122.

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The role of the national park ranger is to protect, conserve, and to provide for the enjoyment of our nation's heritage. Unfortunately, today's rangers are challenged with problems in the organizational leadership of the National Park Service. The agency is currently ranked in the bottom third of federal agencies in workplace health and leadership.

As some of the most visible leaders in the National Park Service, chief park rangers were queried through a descriptive qualitative design. The open-ended survey instrument was designed to answer the following two research questions: "Assuming that formal training in leadership influences successful leadership practice, what are the perceived results and outcomes of this training?" and "What are the factors, other than training, that influence an individual's desired practice of leadership?" A total of 29 chief park rangers of an eligible 51 chief park rangers in the Intermountain Region of the National Park Service responded to the survey conducted in January 2014. Their responses were categorized as to (a) the impact of the agency's training efforts on chief park rangers; (b) the barriers to the practice of leadership as experienced by chief park rangers; and (c) considerations for improvement in the leadership of the National Park Service.

The research concluded that training, although perceived to be limited in availability, was beneficial. However, training absent experience negatively influenced leadership practice. The predominant barriers to the desired practice of leadership were the lack of training, unfavorable organizational culture, and burdensome administrative practices. Although the survey was designed to focus on the issues of empowerment, fairness, senior leadership, and direct supervision, the respondents indicated that the barriers mentioned above were of primary concern rather than problems with these specific issues. The research suggested that the efforts of the National Park Service need to focus on enhancing leadership training program management and on initiating comprehensive reform of leadership practices to include active leadership development, enhanced accountability at all levels, and specific messaging from senior management.

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24

Holladay, David R. "Opporunities for coordinated road management on public lands for purposes of ecosystem management : the case of the greater Yellowstone ecosystem /". This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03142009-040646/.

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25

Olmsted, Daniel T. "Effective Environmental Management of the National Park Service: A Case Study of Channel Islands National Park". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/51.

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The topic of protected area management serves as the focal point of my thesis. The fundamental question I seek to answer is; what constitutes effective environmental management and how is it exemplified in the National Park Service (NPS)? How exactly does the NPS continually earn the trust and confidence of the American people when so many other government agencies are viewed in a negative light? How does the Channel Islands National Park, in particular, shape the economic and political framework in which it operates to achieve its goals? How does this agency effectively manage such a complex ecosystem spanning across five unique islands and the surrounding waters? More specifically, I examine how the NPS designs and implements strategies to simultaneously monitor a variety of endemic species, some of which are on the endangered species list, into feasible tasks and fundable projects. A wealth of information exists providing salient recommendations for improving endangered species recovery efforts, but this paper provides a detailed comparison of two contemporary recovery programs dealing with independent declines of the same species: the island fox. Finally, there is an overlapping mix of jurisdiction responsible for protecting the Channel Islands and I will also be examining the collaborative processes that take place among the multiple stakeholders such as the U.S. Navy, Catalina Island Conservancy, and The Nature Conservancy. The primary purpose of this thesis is to assess the relationships the NPS develops with other agencies in order to fulfill its mission within the context of the Channel Islands.

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26

Marks, Lisa Catherine. "Participatory planning for recreation management in Abaco National Park, Bahamas". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0013279.

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Py´c, Cynthia Dawn. "Resource management in Wood Buffalo National Park, striving for cooperation". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0022/MQ31368.pdf.

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Schmiechen, Joc. "Drysdale River National Park : visitor management and Aboriginal heritage issues /". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envs354.pdf.

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Nam, Jinvo. "Understanding stakeholders' perceptions of current and future park management practices". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22440/.

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Today, there is increasing recognition of the importance of urban green space for our health and wellbeing. However, funding and budgets to manage urban parks are under threat in the UK and subject to significant reductions. These difficulties are being addressed through innovative practices which include community food growing, urban park plantings and income generation models, among others. Such practices reflect a shift in responsibility for park management involving multiple stakeholders who share responsibility. However, we know little about the perceptions of stakeholders, users and residents in relation to these different landscape management practices. How acceptable and feasible are such innovative practices in urban parks? What effect might their introduction have on users and their propensity to spend time in urban parks? The aim of this research is therefore to understand stakeholders' perceptions of current and future park management practices by focusing on six urban parks in the city of Sheffield to explore their acceptability. This research explores different landscape management practices by examining stakeholders' perceptions via semi-structured interviews (local authority stakeholders, Friends/ community groups, consultants and academics), focus group (park officers and managers) and household questionnaires (users and local residents). The sites are selected according to indicators of deprivation, urban park type and size, involvement of Friends of Parks groups or community groups, and geographical spread across the city. The findings suggest that socio-economic neighbourhood characteristics affect residents' perceptions of acceptability and feasibility of park management practices. Funding pressures and a lack of workforce to manage parks are significant factors for community groups and professionals, among other factors. This research proposes that the place-keeping normative concept could be used to better understand park management contexts, allowing recommendations to be made for better park management in the city of Sheffield and the study sites. This research contributes valuable knowledge to our existing understanding of park management practices in an era of austerity. It is hoped that this will provide the foundation for further research focused on cities and urban parks in the future.

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30

Cunha, Bartolomeu Bueno. "Evaluation of the Effectiveness of National Park Management Ubajara - Ce". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2010. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9008.

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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico
A pesquisa em questÃo desenvolveu-se no Parque de Ubajara (PNU) â unidade de conservaÃÃo criada em 1959 e ampliada em 2002 â com o objetivo geral de avaliar a efetividade de gestÃo. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivos especÃficos analisar as principais pressÃes e ameaÃas presentes no PNU e analisar as atitudes dos residentes do entorno da Ãrea com relaÃÃo ao Parque. A abordagem utilizada para avaliar a efetividade de gestÃo foi o mÃtodo RAPPAM. Para tanto, realizou-se um trabalho de campo para aplicaÃÃo de questionÃrios, levantamento fotogrÃfico, entrevistas para a obtenÃÃo de informaÃÃes que permitissem traÃar o perfil dos moradores do entorno, avaliar a efetividade de gestÃo e anÃlise do contexto identificando as principais pressÃes e ameaÃas que impactam o PNU. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o PNU apresenta um nÃvel de efetividade de gestÃo pouco satisfatÃrio e, apesar de muito vulnerÃvel Ãs pressÃes e ameaÃas contra sua integridade ambiental, 71,1% dos fatores analisados apresenta um nÃvel de criticidade baixo. O perfil dos residentes do entorno do PNU mostra-se bem variado, sendo em sua maioria agricultores com pequenas propriedades que apresentam um nÃvel de renda superior a quatrocentos reais mensalmente e recebem algum auxÃlio do governo federal. De acordo com os residentes do entorno, nÃo hÃ um diÃlogo muito frequente com os funcionÃrios do PNU. Os resultados desta pesquisa podem contribuir significativamente na busca de melhorias na gestÃo do PNU e auxiliar no desenvolvimento de parcerias entre as comunidades e funcionÃrios do PNU buscando uma maior efetividade na gestÃo da Ãrea.
The research project was developed in the park Ubajara (PNU) - conservation unit established in 1959 and enlarged in 2002 - with the overall objective of evaluating the effectiveness of management, using the method RAPPAM and having specific objectives are to analyze the main pressures and threats in PNU and analyze the attitudes of residents of the surrounding area with respect to the Park. For this, we carried out field work for questionnaires, photographic survey, interviews to obtain information that would permit the profiles of the surrounding residents, to evaluate the effectiveness of management and context analysis identifying the main pressures and threats impact the PNU. The results show that the PNU has a level of effectiveness of management and unsatisfactory, although very vulnerable to pressures and threats against its environmental integrity, 71.1% of the analyzed factors presents a low level of criticality. The profile of residents surrounding the PNU, appears to be well varied mostly farmers with small farms mostly showing a level of real income over four hundred each month and receive some assistance from the federal government. According to residents of the surrounding area there is a very frequent dialogue with officials of PNU, this information could be confirmed, because the majority of respondents claimed to know the location and size of the PNU, but there is some commitment from communities with environmental conservation, because when asked about or use the area for agriculture and permission to hunt the majority disagrees. As the discussion made, the results of this research can contribute significantly in the search for improved management of PNU, analyze the profile of the surrounding residents and assist in developing partnerships between communities and officials of PNU seeking greater effectiveness in managing the area.

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31

Carr, Christopher. "Research to Inform the Management of Protected Natural Areas". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1415615423.

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Roberts, Geoffrey C. y n/a. "The collection of visitor use information and its implications for park management planning : Centennial Park case study". University of Canberra. Applied Science, 1986. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061107.143926.

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This study critically examines the role of visitor use information in park management planning. Few park planning documents utilise visitor use information. This is thought to result from two problems. Firstly, visitor use studies have been plagued with methodological problems such as unclear objectives, lack of rigour in the survey design and lack of synthesis of information needs. These have resulted in data which are unreliable and at times have no direct implication for management planning. The second problem arises from the lack of understanding of the role visitor use information may play in the planning process. A case study, the Centennial Park User Survey, was undertaken to demonstrate how the inadequacies of existing visitor use studies could be overcome and to provide a base for future planning of Centennial Park. The survey data have assisted Management both in day-to-day decision making and future management planning relating to control of forthcoming events, responding to public comment, traffic management, facility provision, staff changeover, park staff work programmes and rosters, allocation of financial and staff resources, promotion of the Park, provision of interpretative material and re-allocation of users. By comparing the shortcomings of previous studies with the experience of the case study, specific implications for the collection and use of visitor use information in park management planning have been identified.

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33

Chidakel, Alexander. "Conservation Attitudes and Community Based Natural Resource Management in an Understocked Game Management Area of Zambia". FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/450.

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In an understocked game management area surrounding privately managed Kasanka national park in the Central Province of Zambia, local attitudes towards conservation and park-people relations were examined in the context of a community based natural resource management program. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 260 households and a multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data. Significant socioeconomic factors and attributes of households relevant in explaining positive conservation attitudes were education, employment with the park, and experience with outreach efforts. Outreach though is constrained by the limits on revenue generation of a small park, low communication of program purpose, and poor relations between park management and the chief. Support for conservation is undermined by antagonism between locals and wildlife scouts and crop damage by elephants. However, attitudes should improve with a strategy to address human-elephant conflict and enhance communication of the programs accomplishments and objectives.

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34

Tomićević, Jelena. "Towards participatory management : linking people, resources and management. A socio-economic study of Tara National Park /". Freiburg : Verl. des Inst. für Landespflege der Univ. Freiburg, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014756732&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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35

Mello, David Mbati. "Intergovernmental relations in the management of the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park". Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09182007-155614/.

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36

Roadman, Adrian Argie. "Ringtail distribution, dermatoglyphics, and diet in Zion National Park, Utah". Thesis, Utah State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1584442.

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Current scientific knowledge of the ringtail (Bassariscus astutus ) is limited, thus impeding appropriate management decisions. Ringtails in Zion National Park, Utah, are rarely seen, but are involved in increasing occurrences of negative interactions with park visitors and employees such as food theft and denning in buildings, interactions which are harmful to both parties. To manage this conflict, an update to the general knowledge about the status of the population is required as the only previous study on ringtails in this area was conducted in the 1960s. Using noninvasive techniques provides dependable large-scale population information. I used two noninvasive detection methods in combination to establish a robust occupancy estimate of the ringtail population in Zion National Park. Ringtails were detected in 2 of 3 focus areas in the park, but at low densities. This study included the development of a novel method to individually identify ringtails by their footprints. I used the Interactive Individual Identification System (I3S) software to determine if individuals could be identified using the pattern formed by papillae and ridges of the footpad. Ringtails' footpad prints consistently resulted in a unique pattern recognizable by simple visual analysis and a computer-aided analysis of the prints in a database; however more research is needed for the applicability using field data. Ringtail densities were highest in the areas of greatest human activity. The proximity to humans may be impacting ringtail diet and consequently their health. I collected scat in areas of high and low human use to quantify the change in diet resulting from food acquired around human establishments. Ringtails living in areas of high human activity exhibited a change in diet, including the presence of human trash such as foil and plastic; this has implications for ringtail health and human safety. Ringtails acquiring food from human sources may increase their activities around buildings and areas with high human activity, resulting in an increased chance of direct and indirect human-ringtail interactions. Active management of human activities and regular building maintenance is required in the future to decrease negative consequences of ringtail use and presence in areas of high human activity.

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37

Zimba, Godfrey Joe. "The management of south luangwa national park towards sustainable tourism development". Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Geography, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-933.

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This thesis explores communities’ participation and involvement in both wildlife-based and tourist activities in south Luangwa national park with particular focus on local participation/ devolution. Specifically, it assesses whether the legal provisions for community participation in wildlife management spelt out in the wildlife policy take into account various factors which enhances the effectiveness of local participation in CBNRM. It then examines various forms of community participation in wildlife management and small scale tourism activities. Finally, the study examines sources of conflict which may occur over natural resources in SLNP and adjacent GMA.

The study uses political ecology and protected area management paradigm as the theoretical frameworks. The former comprises four major elements, which include the politicization of the environment, a focus on actors as the contestants in this politicization, inequality in distribution of power between and among actors in the park, and the dynamic involvement of natural environment in this process. The latter, uses a CBC framework that is based on: allowing people living near the protected lands to participate in land-use policy and management decisions; giving people proprietorship or ownership over wildlife resources; and, giving local people economic benefit from wildlife conservation. A case study approach is adopted involving qualitative research method. Data were collected through personal observation, formal and informal interviews, focus groups and document review. In a case study approach, an empirical inquiry, which investigates contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context such like wildlife, is analyzed and interpreted through the selected theoretical frameworks.

The data reveal that, local people living near SLNP and in the Lupande GMA do not per se actively participate in land-use policy and management decisions. Further, data indicate that community resource boards in the three chiefdoms have not been given ownership over wildlife resources. ZAWA has continued appropriating all the revenues accruing from wildlife utilization in the area since its inception. This is contrary to what is stated in the wildlife policy and wildlife Act 1998. Also, data shows that many local people do not individually benefit from wildlife-based and tourist activities. Additionally, data indicates that different interest groups expect different types of participation to achieve their own goals. Accordingly, participation varied among various interest groups although much of it as reported by respondents concentrated in the two lower levels of Pretty’ typology. The findings are significant because they offer a framework for understanding challenges and conflicts related to wildlife conservation and tourism development.

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38

Beverly, Jennifer L. "Management and history of fire in Wabakimi Provincial Park, northwestern Ontario". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ34157.pdf.

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Toews, Valerie. "A backcountry visitor impact management strategy for Riding Mountain National Park". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0007/MQ45128.pdf.

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40

Zhang, Yizhou. "Modularized Battery Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Battery Packs in EVs". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-194316.

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The (Battery management system)BMS has the task of ensuring that for the individual bat-tery cell parameters such as the allowed operating voltage window or the allowable temperature range are not violated. Since the battery itself is a highly distinct nonlinear electrochemical de-vice it is hard to detect its internal characteristics directly. The requirement of predicting battery packs’ present operating condition will become one of the most important task for the BMS. Therefore, special algorithms for battery monitoring are required.In this thesis, a model based battery state estimation technique using an adaptive filter tech-nology is investigated. Different battery models are studied in terms of complexity and accuracy. Following up with the introduction of different adaptive filter technology, the implementation of these methods into battery management system is decribed. Evaluations on different estimation methods are implemented from the point of view of the dynamic performance, the requirement on the computing power and the accuracy of the estimation. Real test drive data will be used as a reference to compare the result with the estimation value. Characteristics of different moni-toring methods and models are reported in this work. Finally, the trade-offs between different monitor’s performance and their computational complexity are analyzed.
BMS (eng. battery management system) har till uppgift att se till att viktiga parametrar såsom tillspännings- och temperaturintervall upprätthålls för varje individuell battericell. Då en battericells beteende är ickelinjärt är det svårt att bestämma cellens interna karakteristika direkt. Att kunna förutsäga dessa karakteristika för ett komplett batteripack kommer att en mycket viktig funktion hos framtida BMS. I detta examensarbete har en modellbaserad tillståndsestimeringsmetod med användande av adaptiv filtrering undersökts. Olika batterimodeller har studerats med avseende på komplexitet och noggrannhet. Efter introduktionen av olika metoder för adaptiv filtrering har dessa metoder implementerats i en BMS modell. Utvärdering av de olika metoderna för att åstadkomma tillståndsestimering har sedan utförts med avseende på dynamisk prestanda, krav på beräkningskraft och noggrannhet hos de resulterande estimaten. Data från uppmätta kördata från ett fordon har använts som referens för att jämföra de olika estimaten. Slutligen presenteras en jämförelse mellan de olika tillståndsestimeringsmetodernas prestanda när de appliceras på de olika batterimodellerna.

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41

Bhatia, Padampat Chander. "Thermal Analysis of Lithium-Ion Battery Packs and Thermal Management Solutions". The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371144911.

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42

Lin, Sue-Yuen y 林書淵. "Intelligent Power Management and Charging System for Lithium Battery Pack". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2r5688.

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碩士
國立虎尾科技大學
電子工程系碩士班
101
In this study, the intelligent lithium battery management and charging system including battery management system, power conversion system and battery charging system is design and achieve for the twelve lithium iron phosphate batteries. The battery management system is the battery protection board, its features including: 1. Battery pack overcharge and over-discharge protection. 2. Battery pack residual estimation. 3. RS232 communication interface and monitoring software. 4. Active cell balancing in battery pack. 5. Low-power sleep mode. The power conversion system is the power converter, it can provide three different output voltages such as 5V for peripheral modules, 12V for servo motors and 19V for notebook computer. All outputs can provide a maximum output current of 5A and its conversion efficiency reaches more than 85% at half load, 90% at full load. It also has the basic protection functions such as the input under-voltage lockout and the output short circuit detection. The battery charging system is the battery charger, it contains with the power factor corrector and the LLC half-bridge series resonant converter. The charger can accepts 100 to 240V wide range ac inputs, and provides a maximum 20A charging current which can charge the battery pack from 0% to 95% within half an hour. Its conversion efficiency reaches more than 87.8% at 110V ac input, and 90.6% at 220V ac input, it also has the complete protection functions such as input under-voltage, input over-voltage, output over-voltage, output over-current, output short circuit, battery pack reverse polarity, and over-temperature protection.

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43

HUANG, YEN-YING y 黃彥穎. "SOC Estimation and Pack Balance for LiFePO4 Battery Management System". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y3c2zp.

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碩士
明志科技大學
電機工程系碩士班
107
This study developed a battery management system for a LiFePO4 battery pack, which has a SOC estimation method with calibration points and an active battery balance function. Based on the microcontroller, the current of the pack is measured by a current sensor and the voltage of each cell is read by a multi-cell monitoring chip. Then the SOC of the pack is estimated by the Ah method with calibration points. Furthermore, the difference in SOC between the cells is estimated and the time and direction required for energy transfer between a cell and the pack are calculated. Finally, by a high-efficiency bidirectional multi-cell chip and bidirectional flyback circuits, the energy was transferred to achieve battery balancing. Numerous SOC estimation methods for a LiFePO4 battery pack have been proposed. The open-circuit voltage method is available that needs a long period of rest, so the method is impractical. The Kalman filter method requires an accurate battery model to estimate the SOC of a pack. However, even the Ah method has starting point errors, but it is more accurate and practical method once the errors can be eliminated in a timely manner. Due to a LiFePO4 pack would be in unbalancing state under long-term charge and discharge and the SOC of the pack in SOC 20% to SOC 80% range is difficult to estimate. Numerous balancing strategies for the pack have been proposed. Among them, the active balance method using a bidirectional flyback DC-to-DC converter is simplest and most efficient. This study developed a battery management system with a SOC estimation function and an active balancing function. In the experiments, four cells were connected in series to form a pack for SOC estimation and active balance experiments. The experimental results show that the initial error and cumulative error of the SOC estimation caused by the Ah method can be significantly eliminated. The test results also confirmed that the balance method used in this study can balance the imbalance of the pack and increase the total capacity of the pack.

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44

HSIEH, CHEN-YU y 謝辰俞. "Design and Implementation of Balance Management System for LiFePO4 Battery Pack". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4736s6.

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碩士
崑山科技大學
電機工程研究所
104
The thesis is focusing on “the balanced management system for LiFePO4battery pack” which is adapt bi-directional flyback converter as its main circuit frame. The advantage includes manageable Bi-directional charge-discharger control. When applying in battery cells, the balancing control of each battery cell can be done via active bi-directional flyback converter to balance the voltage and current. It becomes more flexible when charging and discharging. Combined with digital microprocessor monitoring and estimating remaining capacity, the initial electric capacity can be speculated. The battery apacity and voltage and balance the different battery capacities can be monitored by using Ampere Hour method. Once start charging, our balanced method can speed up and optimize the charging by fixed current and voltage. When reaching 90%, it will be switched to fixed voltage mode. When ischarging, the battery will release small current to prevent over discharging. The life span is prolonged and battery balance management purpose is fulfilled.

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45

LESO, LORENZO. "Performance and design of an alternative housing system for dairy cows". Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1008144.

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Housing can deeply affect the welfare of dairy cows and consequently their performance. Actually, free stall barns (FS) represent the most widespread housing system in intensive dairy farms. However, recent findings showed that this system can severely compromise animal welfare, especially as regards feet and leg health. Cultivated pack barns (CPB), known in many countries as compost barns, are relatively new housing option for dairy cows that seems to offer improved cow comfort. The CPB system has spread in Italy since 2006 but scientific knowledge about it is still sparse. The primary objective of this work was to provide management and design recommendations for Italian CPB. To do this, an extensive review of literature concerning CPB systems was performed. Existing CPB in Italy were surveyed and their performance was compared with FS. Moreover, the thermal performance of greenhouse-type structure, which appeared a viable alternative for CPB construction, was investigated. Results showed that, if properly managed, CPB can represent an effective solution for housing dairy cows also in Italy. Compared with FS, CPB improved cow's longevity, indicating better cow comfort and health. Producers indeed identified animal welfare as the main benefit of CPB and overall they appeared to be very satisfied. Nevertheless, concerns about the cost of bedding suggested that pack management and barn characteristics have not yet been optimized. Italian producers with CPB allotted a very low space per cow (6.8 m2/cow), which has confirmed to be a key factor for this kind of housing system. A model was implemented to identify the optimal space allowance in Italian CPB. Outcomes showed that a space per cow of 14.6 m2/cow would allow to minimize running costs. On the basis of information collected the design of an optimal CPB within the Italian context was proposed and discussed.

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46

Plasencia, Douglas Jon. "Effects of Arizona mixed conifer forests on snow pack dynamics". 1988. http://ezproxy.library.arizona.edu/login?url=.

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47

Wei, Jo-fang y 魏若芳. "Development of a Modulized Battery Management System for Series Lithium-ion Battery Pack". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66nrd7.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
99
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries play a significant part in energy storage solutions for modern technologies. Li-ion batteries are growing at a rapid rate because they exhibits many advantages such as high energy density, high working cell voltage, no memory effect, low environmental pollution and low self-discharge rate. The recent trend shows that the Li-ion batteries are not only widely used in portable consumer electronics, but can also be employed in aerospace, electric vehicle applications and power backup for renewable energy sources. Series connected battery packs require monitoring equipment that is capable of measuring the parameters (voltage, current and temperature) of individual cells in order to prevent damage and identify defective cells. In this thesis, a modulized battery management system (BMS) for up to four cells is proposed.The presented BMS provides the following features:accurate measurement of battery pack parameter including one pack current, four cell voltages and four cell temperatures and information of battery remaining capacity (state of charge, SOC),and battery overcharge/over discharge protection.For battery pack containing more than four cells, a master/slave configuration of the proposed BMS can be utilized. A high-speed CAN 2.0B data bus is used to provide reliable communications between the master and slave units. The presented BMS can also communicate with an external host using Zigbee wireless communication protocols. In this thesis, the central controller utilized in the BMS is dsPIC digital signal controller (DSC) from Microchip Corp. In order to provide the real-time display and data logging of the battery parameters, a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) is also developed using LabVIEW from the National Instrument Corp. Detailed description of the hardware and software of the proposed BMS will be provided, and experimental results will also be provided to verify the correctness of the proposed BMS.

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48

Tsai, Feng-Chun y 蔡豐駿. "A Systematic Framework of Supply Chain Quality Management and Improvement - Laptop Battery Pack". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41879141056578678022.

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碩士
國立交通大學
高階主管管理碩士學程
98
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of the concept of quality in a supply chain and present a framework for its improvement. A literature review was conducted on key quality issues in supply chain. Various dimensions related to the quality in supply chain were explored. This was followed by in-depth exploratory interviews at different levels. Based on insights gained, a conceptual framework for improvement of quality in supply chain is presented. This paper explores research in the less explored area and offers practical help to researchers and practitioners in providing a direction for service quality improvement in the supply chain.

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49

Beirão, Miguel Duarte. "Battery Pack Cells Mon itoring for Intelligent Charging". Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/6116.

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This dissertation intends to create a system capable of cell charging, cell balancing or both at the same time for batteries with multiple cells connected in series. It also tries to understand why there is only few literature connected with cell balancing and cell charging at the same time. For that purpose, this dissertation presents a review on the state of the art of many concepts related both to balancing and charging in order to pick the right methods and equipment to achieve the objectives of this work. This dissertation includes literature review on batteries, cell balancing methods and topologies, cell charging methods and a small review on state of charge estimation methods. Later on, this document studies and explains hardware and software requirements and choices in order to understand the final developed circuit. Lastly, development difficulties, results and conclusions are presented.
Esta dissertação pretende criar um sistema capaz de carregar, balancear ou ambos em simultâneo num pack com diversas células ligadas em série. Tenta ainda perceber a razão de haver tão pouca bibliografia que junte em simultâneo carregamento e balanceamento de baterias. Para alcançar estes objetivos, esta dissertação conta com uma revisão do estado da arte de vários temas relacionados tanto com balanceamento como com carregamento de forma a perceber os métodos e equipamentos mais adequados para implementar. A dissertação inclui revisão bibliográfica em baterias, métodos de balanceamento e suas topologias, métodos de carregamento de baterias e ainda alguma revisão sobre métodos de estimação de estado de carga. Posteriormente, este documento estuda e explica os requisitos de software e hardware e as escolhas feitas para o desenvolvimento do circuito. Finalmente apresentam-se as dificuldades de desenvolvimento encontradas, os resultados e ainda algumas conclusões.

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50

Bakker, Jeremy. "Pack Level Design Optimization for Electric Vehicle Thermal Management Systems Minimizing Standard Deviation of Temperature Distribution". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/8443.

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Green technologies have recently gained interest for many reasons. Economic factors in conjunction with an increased social desire to reduce our environmental impact on the Earth have created a desire for more environmentally friendly technologies, especially automotive technologies such as the electric car. While public interest in electric vehicles is growing, there are a number of challenges which must first be addressed before their widespread adoption is possible. Cost, longevity, and range are all important factors which need to be addressed for electric vehicles to compete directly with their gasoline counterparts. By more efficiently using the energy stored within the battery pack, some of these issues can be addressed. This study focuses on the thermal management systems for electric vehicles and the application of design optimization in the early design phase considering the pack in its entirety. A liquid cooling system is considered for a current generation electric vehicle, with time dependent heat generation rates within the battery cells based on vehicle operating conditions. Identifying the most efficient distribution of cooling within the battery pack to achieve uniform temperature is the objective of optimization. Simulations were performed on a complete battery pack model, featuring 288 battery cells and 144 cooling plates. Anisotropic material properties and non-uniform heat generation rates are included as well as energy demands based on a representative vehicle drive cycle. Results have shown that through design optimization, the standard deviation of temperature within the battery cells can be improved by as much as 80% when compared to a conventional design. The standard deviation of temperature saw improvement from an average of 0.2828 K for a conventional design to 0.05318 K after optimization. These results are specific to the given battery pack construction, battery cell, and cooling type. The method of modeling and analysis can be extended to many battery geometries and cooling technologies in the future. Application of design optimization to the problem of thermal iii management system design can yield significant improvements to battery pack thermal management, and thereby incrementally improve the efficiency of electrified vehicles.
Thesis (Master, Mechanical and Materials Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2013-10-30 10:49:28.639

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