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Hekman, David R., Bradley Paul Owens, Terence R. Mitchell, Brooks C. Holtom, Thomas Lee y Timothy Hinkin. "How workforce immobility and external exposure jointly influence organizational performance". Academy of Management Proceedings 2012, n.º 1 (julio de 2012): 16795. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2012.16795abstract.
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Parola, Vitor, Hugo Neves, Filipa Margarida Duque, Rafael A. Bernardes, Remy Cardoso, Carla A. Mendes, Liliana B. Sousa et al. "Rehabilitation Programs for Bedridden Patients with Prolonged Immobility: A Scoping Review Protocol". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 22 (16 de noviembre de 2021): 12033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212033.
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Bedridden patients usually stay in bed for long periods, presenting several motor problems caused by immobility, such as reductions in muscle mass, bone mineral density and physical impairment, resulting in a long recovery process. Thus, identifying physical rehabilitation programs for bedridden patients with prolonged immobility is a matter of urgent research for a solution that will help health professionals and stakeholders to develop more adjusted programs and identify possible gaps. To date, no previous scoping reviews addressing this purpose have been found. This scoping review will be guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology, will focus on physical rehabilitation programs for bedridden patients with prolonged immobility and aims to map the programs, the devices used, and the parameters assessed. A relevant set of electronic databases and grey literature will be searched. Data extraction will be conducted using a tool developed by the research team that will address the review objectives and questions. Data synthesis will be presented in tabular form and a narrative summary aligned with the review’s objective. This scoping review will contribute to the improvement of clinical practice, identifying key challenges that might justify the need to develop new programs suitable in clinical and organizational contexts.
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KITSCHELT, HERBERT. "Austrian and Swedish Social Democrats in Crisis". Comparative Political Studies 27, n.º 1 (abril de 1994): 3–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414094027001001.
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Socialists and social democrats have probably nowhere been better entrenched than in Austria and Sweden. Yet in both countries, they have suffered electoral defeats in the 1980s and early 1990s, just as socialists in many other West European nations. Changes in class structure and the economic climate during socialist government incumbency do not satisfactorily explain socialist decline. Instead, this article focuses on the organizational structure of Austrian and Swedish social democracy to explain the parties' strategic immobility when faced with the new electoral challenges of free market liberalism and left-libertarian politics. Differences in the parties' organizational structure help to account for the respective timing of electoral crisis and the organizational reforms and new policy initiatives chosen in response to such crises.
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Ferro, Anna. "Desired mobility or satisfied immobility? Migratory aspirations among knowledge workers". Journal of Education and Work 19, n.º 2 (abril de 2006): 171–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13639080600668028.
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Michaelides, Marios. "Labour market oligopsonistic competition: The effect of worker immobility on wages". Labour Economics 17, n.º 1 (enero de 2010): 230–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2009.01.007.
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Giannini, Mirella y Biagio Aragona. "L'(apparente) immobilismo nella rappresentazione sociale delle occupazioni". SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO, n.º 112 (abril de 2009): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sl2008-112004.
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- This paper reveals a contradiction between the idea of a changing society and the results of research on social stratification in people's perception: a kind of immobility appears. The authors think that this could be the result of their construction. Moreover they believe that social stratification changes are visible when looking to the criteria that people use to order occupations and evaluate their desirability.Key words: Occupational categories, Social desirability, Social change, Social representations, Reputational scales, Occupational stratification
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Meardi, Guglielmo. "Union Immobility? Trade Unions and the Freedoms of Movement in the Enlarged EU". British Journal of Industrial Relations 50, n.º 1 (1 de julio de 2010): 99–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8543.2010.00802.x.
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Fellini, Ivana, Anna Ferro y Giovanna Fullin. "Recruitment processes and labour mobility: the construction industry in Europe". Work, Employment and Society 21, n.º 2 (junio de 2007): 277–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017007076635.
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Migration studies analysing firms' recruitment behaviour are quite limited.This article, built around and examining a demand-driven labour migration hypothesis, explores how recruitment decisions by companies can affect international migratory flows. The study focuses on the construction industry, where a foreign (nondomestic, or expatriate) labour force forms a major component. Through a cross-country comparison, we highlight the impact of the characteristics of the sector and of labour market conditions on recruitment decisions impinging on foreign (non-domestic, or expatriate) labour.The article finally suggests a typology of strategies that construction companies may adopt in order to recruit foreign workers, and it analyses those factors that influence the different decisions in each national context. By considering in depth the relationship between recruitment strategies and patterns of international labour mobility, it is then explained why a company's behaviour can either produce immobility or mobility of foreign workers.
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Zbar, Ross I. S. "Socio-Ecologic Perspective: Barriers Complicating Post-Intensive Care Syndrome Mitigation". Journal of Patient Experience 9 (enero de 2022): 237437352110744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23743735211074434.
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Objective:Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is a phenomenon whereby survivors of an intensive care unit (ICU) admission subsequently experience issues with physical, cognitive, or mental health status persisting beyond the acute hospitalization. Risk factors for developing PICS include prolonged mechanical ventilation with sedation and immobility. PICS is a devastating illness that negatively alters the life path of many individuals with tremendous economic impact. Methods: This qualitative study employed a grounded theory approach to understand the systemic barriers blocking mitigation and treatment of PICS in all seven ICUs across Essex County, New Jersey (NJ) through semi-scripted interviews conducted with 11 members of the healthcare teams with at least one from each site. Thematic analysis was performed with open, axial, and selective coding. Results: Applying socio-ecologic viewpoint to data illustrate significant barriers on both an interpersonal and organizational level that decrease the operationalization of PICS mitigation measures as identified by healthcare providers. Of those interviewed, eight (73%) were physicians and the remaining were nurses. Significant thematic issues included understanding the risk factors of PICS but feeling powerless to institute mitigation efforts; experiencing lack of enthusiasm due to the absence of institutionalized mitigation protocols; noting frustration about closing the gap between academic recommendations and the ability to operationalize these appropriately; and feeling unable to effectuate meaningful change. Conclusion: Providing education to the target population and healthcare provider stakeholders regarding the barriers against PICS mitigation can alter the status quo.
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Coleman Gallagher, Vickie, James A. Meurs y Kenneth J. Harris. "Political skill reduces the negative impact of distrust". Career Development International 21, n.º 5 (12 de septiembre de 2016): 442–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cdi-12-2015-0175.
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Purpose A number of studies have explored the benefits (e.g. enhanced job performance and reduced strain), of being politically skilled. Within the framework of uncertainty management theory, the purpose of this paper is to explore the benefits of high political skill to affective commitment, job satisfaction, and perceived job mobility, under conditions of distrust in management. Design/methodology/approach Sales representatives were surveyed and moderated multiple regression analyses were conducted to analyze the data. Findings The authors found that as distrust increased, affective commitment decreased for all persons, but was most pronounced for persons low on political skill. However, distrust in management had no impact on job satisfaction for those high on political skill, allowing persons high on political skill to enjoy their jobs despite high levels of distrust (an intrapsychic benefit of political skill). Finally, as distrust in management increased, persons high on political skill had increased perceived job mobility. Research limitations/implications This study is cross-sectional, limiting conclusions about causality in the relationships studied and leaving open the possibility of reverse causation. Practical implications This research has important implications, such that, under conditions of distrust, persons low on political skill are less committed, more dissatisfied, and feel a sense of job immobility, which could lead to poor work outcomes, such as decreased job performance. Originality/value The study is the first to examine how being politically skilled benefits employee outcomes when the employee distrusts management.
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Bihagen, Erik y Björn Halleröd. "The Crucial Aspects of Class: An Empirical Assessment of the Relevance of Class Analysis with Swedish Data Covering the Late Twentieth Century". Work, Employment and Society 14, n.º 2 (junio de 2000): 307–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09500170022118428.
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Class structure and class formation are two crucial aspects of class. The former relates to differences in market positions and the latter concerns social factors such as interaction, mobility and class action. This paper is based on Swedish data covering the period from 1975 to 1995. Analysis reveals a persistent class hierarchy and that there is no trend towards declining class differences regarding market position. The situation is better described as being in a state of non-linear flux. However, one persistent trend is discernible; class explains less and less of the variance in wage income. Looking at class formation there is a decline over time in class-homogeneity. Most Swedes are mobile in the sense that they end up in a class position different from their father's. A growing majority of all marriage is also class mixed. However, although classes generally lack homogeneity, social boundaries still exist, i.e., tendencies for immobility and class homogeneous marriage. In relation to the `class-is-dying' hypothesis, the results generally indicate the continuing relevance of class, although the view of classes as homogeneous social groups is increasingly troublesome over time.
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Victer, Rogerio. "The strategic implication of knowledge attributes". Management Decision 52, n.º 3 (13 de mayo de 2014): 505–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-04-2013-0235.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to refine the resource-based theory of the firm. It intends to deal with key theoretical issues affecting the development of a model that empirically captures the relevance of knowledge to performance. The research task is not only to look inside the firm in search of candidates for a strategic resource, but also to better understand how a resource becomes strategic as the consequence of specific attributes. This approach has the potential of providing a relevant insight into the characteristics that resources must possess as well as a more effective way to compare their relative relevance to competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach – Hypotheses are tested by a comprehensive panel data of 29 AIDS/HIV drugs from 1997 to 2010, covering the performance trajectory of more than 90 percent of all branded products in this segment. Findings – Based on the VRIO framework (Barney 1991, 2001a), which asserts that resources need to be valuable, rare, inimitable, and difficult to organize in order to become a source of sustainable competitive advantage, the paper derives seven empirical constructs of technological knowledge. Five of these constructs are statistically significant, explaining up to 36 percent of the variance in sales outcomes. Results show that the most important resource attributes are value and organizational capabilities. Inimitability is partially relevant, but rarity is not. Practical implications – Results suggest that the best way to generate competitive advantage is through continuous improvement of technological knowledge. This conclusion shows that knowledge heterogeneity is more strategically relevant to performance than knowledge immobility. Originality/value – Differently from previous papers, instead of measuring how much a resource (or its accumulated stock) influences competitive advantage, this paper identifies and measures the attributes through which the resource matters to market outcomes. It is not the resource itself, but its strategic attributes which actually generate differential benefits to firms.
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Müller, Steffen y Renate Neubaeumer. "Size of training firms – the role of firms, luck, and ability in young workers’ careers". International Journal of Manpower 39, n.º 5 (6 de agosto de 2018): 658–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-07-2016-0155.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze how long-run unemployment of former apprentices depends on the size of their training firm and their ability. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a large administrative data set that follows graduated apprentices during their working life. They show that training in large and medium-sized firms is associated with considerably less unemployment. This, however, may simply be the result of sorting processes, i.e. larger training firms with higher wage levels attract and choose the most able young workers. Therefore, the authors use a proxy for ability to estimate and control for the impact of ability on long-run unemployment. They assume that rank-order tournaments for the most attractive training positions take place and take into account an institutional peculiarity of the German training system, the empirically observable regional immobility of apprentices. Accordingly, they use a region-specific ranking based on training plants’ size or median wages, respectively, to proxy for apprentices’ ability. Findings The negative association between training plant size and long-run unemployment is muted but still statistically well determined even after controlling for the rank of an individual’s training firm in the local plant size distribution or the local wage distribution, respectively. Thus, the rank itself is a predictor for long-run unemployment of apprentices. The fact that the position in the local size distribution matters conditional on plant size shows that there is a local competition for training places. Practical implications Lacking mobility may increases aggregate unemployment, as mobility reduces the risk of unemployment. Social implications The results imply that supporting regional mobility of young workers, e.g., by informing them better about existing mobility subsidies and dormitories for apprentices and by creating additional mobility incentives is warranted. Originality/value This is the first study to investigate long-run unemployment of former apprentices. Furthermore, the authors develop new variables to proxy for ability.
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Ogg, Jim, Catherine Bonvalet y Rémi Gallou. "Patrimoine immobilier et retraite : regard sur les couples". Retraite et société 62, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2012): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rs.062.0059.
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Ogg, Jim. "Anne-Sophie Parent Secrétaire général, AGE Platform Europe. Le patrimoine immobilier, soutien financier ou substitut à la protection sociale ?" Retraite et société 62, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2012): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rs.062.0149.
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Saraceno, Benedetto, Corrado Barbui, Alessandra Bedoni, Graziella Civenti y Lucilla Frattura. "Evaluation of dehospitalization policies of the former psychiatric hospitals of Regione Lombardia. QUALYOP study results. I: Structural resources, organizational procedures and activities". Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 5, n.º 1 (abril de 1996): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00003948.
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RIASSUNTOScopo — Lo studio QUALYOP si prefigge tre obiettivi: 1) descrivere la situazione dei 12 ex ospedali psichiatrici lombardi in relazione a caratteristiche strutturali e organizzative e all'andamento di ammisioni/dimissioni e decessi dei pazienti ricoverati; 2) descrivere la qualita di strutture, organizzazione e attivita dei reparti; 3) descrivere le caratteristiche socio-demografiche, cliniche e le potenzialita riabilitative della popolazione ricoverata. I dati presentati in questo articolo si riferiscono ai primi due obiettivi. Disegno - Studio descrittivo-valutativo. Gli ospedali sono stati vistitati nell'arco di sei mesi (luglio-novembre 1994) da un gruppo di ricercatori-rilevatori in una data concordata con i rispettivi direttori. Sono state utilizzate quattro fonti di informazione e documentazione: scheda ospedale, scheda reparto, scheda paziente, documentazione fotografica delle strutture. Setting - I 12 ex-ospedali psichiatrici pubblici della Regione Lombardia in funzione alia data della rilevazione (Bergamo, Brescia, Castiglione delle Stiviere, Codogno, Como, Cremona, Limbiate, Mantova, Milano, Sondrio, Varese, Voghera). Principali misure utilizzate - È stato utilizzato un gruppo di indicatori che forniva informazioni sulle strutture, sull'organizzazione della vita di reparto e sulle attività svolte. I giudizi di qualita sono stato espressi in relazione a criteri espicitati a priori. I reparti sono stati quindi raggruppati in tre tipologie a seconda del livello di adeguatezza delle strutture, dell'organizzazione e delle attività. Risultati - I 12 ospedali psichiatrici pubblici della Lombardia risultano costituiti da 63 reparti che accolgono complessivamente 2752 ricoverati. La situazione risulta estremamente eterogenea nei diversi ospedali che si differenziano per affollamento dei reparti, rapporto operatori-pazienti, decremento negli anni della popolazione ricoverata e numero di nuove ammissioni. La valutazione della qualita strutturale, organizzativa e delle attivita evidenzia che il 70% dei reparti e inadeguato o gravemente inadeguato dal punto di vista strutturale, mentre più del 70% è inadeguato o gravemente inadeguato dal punto di vista organizzativo e delle attività che vi si svolgono. Conclusioni - Lo studio dimostra la fattibilita di valutazioni di programmi di sanita pubblica utilizzando criteri non riferiti a dati di efficacia ma formulati a partire da valori etici, senso comune, eventi non ammissibili, risultati di studi quasi-sperimentali ed esperienza. I dati cosi raccolti permettono di concludere che le politiche di superamento dell'ospedale psichiatrico sono estremamente carenti nella maggior parte dei casi e che la ricoversione esclusivamente strutturale degli immobili, in molti casi assolutamente necessaria, non è tuttavia sufficiente a garantire un reale superamento. Molto più urgente sembra essere la necessita di formare e motivare il personale di assistenza e amministrativo.
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Feenstra-Verschure, Merel T., Dorien Kooij, Charissa Freese, Mandy van der Velde y Evgenia I. Lysova. "Building on job immobility concepts: a conceptual model and future research agenda on “locked at the job”". Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 4 de mayo de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joepp-03-2022-0055.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to conceptualize job immobility concepts, e.g. staying in an unsatisfying job and perceiving limited opportunities to move and apply for another job. The existing literature on this situation of job immobility in which the employee is experiencing stuckness in the job is scattered across research domains, limited in scope and existing constructs are not clearly defined or operationalized.Design/methodology/approachIn this conceptual paper, the authors propose the construct “locked at the job,” by reviewing and building on the job immobility literature and the theory of control and self-regulation.FindingsThis study defines the concept that consists of two dimensions as feeling dissatisfied in the current job and inactivity due to perceived limited job opportunities. This study proposes a conceptual model of antecedents and consequences of locked at the job, based on the person-environment fit theory.Practical implicationsThis conceptual paper allows value to be added in practice by the conceptualization of locked at the job, in addition to providing a preview with respect to conceptual causes and consequences of this phenomenon.Originality/valueResearch on this job immobility phenomenon is scattered across different research domains, limited in scope and the concept has not been clearly defined or operationalized.
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Lenger, Alexander, Stephan Wolf y Nils Goldschmidt. "Choosing inequality: how economic security fosters competitive regimes". Journal of Economic Inequality, 22 de diciembre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10888-020-09472-5.
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AbstractIn a novel experimental design, we study how social immobility affects the choice among distributional schemes in an experimental democracy. We design a two-period experiment in which subjects first choose a distributional scheme by majority voting (“social contract”). Then subjects engage in a competitive real-effort task to earn points. Based on production success, participants are ranked from best to worst. In combination with the initially chosen scheme, these ranks determine the final payout of the first round, leading to a pattern of societal stratification. Participants are informed individually about points and rank, before the same sequence of voting, production and payoff determination is repeated in a second round. To test the effect of social immobility on choosing distributional regimes the experiment is conducted with and without a social immobility factor, i.e. a different weighting of the two rounds. In our standard scenario, payoffs are simply added. In our “social immobility setting”, we alter the game as follows: the actual income in round 2 is calculated by adding 0.2 times the raw payoff from the second production game and 0.8 times the income from round 1. With the higher importance of round 1 success, we simulate the fact that economic movement upwards and downwards in societies (“social mobility”) is a de facto rigid constraint: high and low incomes tend to reproduce themselves. Our main findings are that in the Equal Weight Treatment, most groups opt for complete equality in both rounds, while in the unequal weight setting the initial choice of equality is followed by a shift to the most competitive regime. In both treatments, we observe that those performing well in round 1 tend to vote for unequal schemes in round 2, while low-performers develop an even stronger “taste for equality”. This supports a central Rawlsian idea: behind an (experimental) “veil of uncertainty”, the lack of idiosyncratic information is strong enough to let people decide as if driven by social preferences. The different group decisions in round 2 suggest that for this to happen, stakes need to be sufficiently high. To our surprise, other factors like gender, social background or real-life income have hardly any impact on unveiled decision making. We conclude that in our experimental democracy, competition based income allocation (a “market economy”) finds support only if people are sufficiently well off. Hence, increasing inequality perpetuated by social immobility is likely to undermine the general support for market-based systems.
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ME, Isidro Simón, Pedraza Zárate MA, Franco álvarez N y Montes Osorio MG. "Prevalence of Geriatric Syndromes in the Geriatrimss Program at Hospital De Especialidades # 14, Veracruz Mexico, Imss". Gerontology & Geriatrics: Research 9, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.26420/gerontolgeriatrres.2023.1091.
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Introduction: Geriatric syndromes are the set of symptoms and signs that can be manifestations of one or various pathologies that are frequently intertwined, producing greater morbidity and mortality. Objective: To know the prevalence of geriatric syndromes of the Geriatrimss program in the specialty hospital # 14, Veracruz Mexico, IMSS. Material and Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study, evaluating patients belonging to the GERIATRIMSS program of the specialty hospital # 14 of the city of Veracruz Ver. Mexico, in a period of 12 months. The comprehensive geriatric evaluation card was applied. Descriptive analysis with frequencies and percentages, in SPSS v24. Results: 538 patients in total, 347 (64.5%) were female, the traumatology service was the one with the highest prevalence with 215 (40.2%), arterial hypertension with 317 (58.9%), non-abuse and/or mistreatment predominated in 528 (98.1%) patients, with functional depression there were 325 (60.4%) patients, 442 (82.0%) patients had immobility and odontoprosthetic diseases in 276 (51.3%) patients. Conclusions: The female gender predominated, the traumatology service was the most prevalent, arterial hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity, in most of the patients there was no abuse and / or mistreatment, with greater functional depression, there was greater immobility, there was a predominance of dental prosthetic diseases as the most prevalent geriatric syndromes.
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Flores, Romina, Mario Penna, John C. Wingfield, Elfego Cuevas, Rodrigo A. Vásquez y Verónica Quirici. "Effects of traffic noise exposure on corticosterone, glutathione and tonic immobility in chicks of a precocial bird". Conservation Physiology 7, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coz061.
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Abstract Repeated exposure to traffic noise may be perceived as a succession of stressors, and therefore, noisy urban environments could lead to a state of chronic stress. In developing animals, glucocorticoids can have organizational effects on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in addition to the classic activation effects, so evaluating the effect of traffic noise during development is urgently needed. To our knowledge, to date six studies have investigated the effects of traffic noise on baseline corticosterone (CORT) and/or the stress response in birds during development; however, these studies were performed in nestling (altricial species), where confounding factors (e.g. communication between nestlings and parents) could mask the real impact of traffic noise on stress. In this study, we evaluated the effect of traffic noise (traffic noise group vs. rural noise group) on baseline levels of CORT and stress responses in chicks of a precocial bird species, the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Because CORT can also decrease glutathione (GSH) levels (antioxidant and neurotransmitter/modulator), secondly by means of path analysis we investigated whether the strength of the association between CORT levels, GSH levels and tonic immobility (TI) varied in relation to treatment. We observed (i) similar baseline levels of CORT in both groups, (ii) a trend toward higher stress response in the traffic noise group (P = 0.08), (iii) similar TI duration in both groups, (iv) higher GSH levels in the traffic noise group and (v) differences in the strength and sign of the associations in relation to the treatment (traffic vs. rural). We conclude that the acoustic environment perceived during development has implications for physiology and behaviour; as more research is done on this topic, the need for sustainable urban planning will become clearer.
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Choudhury, Prithwiraj. "Geographic Mobility, Immobility, and Geographic Flexibility – A Review and Agenda for Research on the Changing Geography of Work". Academy of Management Annals, 10 de septiembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/annals.2020.0242.
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Guttormsen, David S. A. y Jakob Lauring. "Unexplored themes in expatriate management: inspirations from the new mobilities paradigm". Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research, 12 de octubre de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgm-06-2022-0033.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a different perspective on the concept of global mobility and apply the multifaceted concept in proposing new themes to explore in expatriate management research.Design/methodology/approachThis study draws upon the theoretical underpinnings relating to the New Mobilities paradigm from sociology to outline a new perspective on global mobility and thereby describe novel themes to include in future expatriate management studies.FindingsThis study identifies four themes in need of further development within the expatriate management research field: materiality, infrastructure and access, inequality and immobility and emotional dynamics. Within each of these themes, this study presents several examples of research questions that can provide new thrust to the theory development of expatriate management research.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first attempt to draw on central ideas in the New Mobilities paradigm to propose a future research agenda for expatriate management studies. This study aims to enhance the study of “mobility” in new and unorthodox ways.
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Jones, Katharine, Leena Ksaifi y Colin Clark. "‘The Biggest Problem We Are Facing Is the Running Away Problem’: Recruitment and the Paradox of Facilitating the Mobility of Immobile Workers". Work, Employment and Society, 7 de agosto de 2022, 095001702210947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09500170221094764.
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Fee-charging recruitment industries in Asia have become gatekeepers to temporary employment in low-wage occupations for millions of migrant workers. One of these jobs is live-in domestic work in private households. Increasingly, workers’ recruiters are depicted as contributing to their precarious, sometimes exploitative, working conditions. However, these narratives misunderstand the systemic and regulatory functions of agencies as transnational labour market actors. This article analyses the relationship between domestic work placement agencies in Jordan and Lebanon and their clients (the employers) as they negotiate the recruitment of women from Bangladesh. Drawing on data from 146 qualitative interviews, it addresses the mechanisms of how exploitative, controlling practices are constructed and normalised by agencies in their everyday interactions with their clients as well as with workers. The article argues that placement agencies play a paradoxical role; whilst facilitating global mobility they also broker worker immobility.
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Coombs, Michelle y Isaac Coplan. "Social Housing Competencies: Expertise for a New Era". Canadian journal of nonprofit and social economy research 9, n.º 1 (22 de junio de 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.22230/cjnser.2018v9n1a238.
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This article outlines organizational-level competencies within the changing social housing context in Ontario. The changing context is occurring at the same time as key board members and staff are retiring. This prompts the question of how the sector can ensure excellent housing for low- and middle-income tenants into the future, while keeping in mind its social justice origins. Social constructionist, adult education, and critical theoretical traditions guided the research questions and methodology of this study, resulting in a working definition of organizational competencies. Organizational competencies have been identified through a sequential mixed methods approach. Four key competency clusters have been identified: capital asset, sectoral operational, people-oriented, and strategic. These clusters and the competencies they contain provide a model to assist organizations in meeting their social justice and business goals into the future.RÉSUMÉCet article décrit les compétences organisationnelles requises dans le domaine du logement social en Ontario dans un contexte changeant. Ce contexte change en même temps que des membres clés de conseils d’administration et des employés clés sont en train de prendre leur retraite. Ces circonstances font réfléchir sur comment le secteur pourra continuer à fournir des logements désirables aux locataires à faible ou moyen revenu tout en respectant les principes de justice sociale. Pour cette étude, les traditions de construction sociale, d’éducation pour adultes et de théorie critique ont guidé la formulation de questions de recherche et la méthodologie, avec comme résultat une définition pratique de ce que sont les compétences organisationnelles. Ces dernières ont été identifiées au moyen d’une recherche par méthodes mixtes séquentielles. Quatre regroupements de compétences clés ont été cernés : actif immobilisé, opération par secteurs, service au public, et stratégie. Ces regroupements et les compétences qu’ils privilégient peuvent servir de modèles pour aider les organisations à rencontrer leurs futurs objectifs en justice sociale et en affaires.
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Suresh, Sayuj y Herb Struss. "Covalently Entrapping Catalase into Calcium Alginate Worm Pieces Using EDC Carbodiimide as a Crosslinker." Journal of Emerging Investigators, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.59720/18-080.
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Catalase is a biocatalyst used to break down toxic hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen in industries such as cheese and textiles. Improving the efficiency of catalase would help us to make some industrial products, such as cheese, less expensively. The best way to maintain catalase’s conformation, and thus enhance its activity, is to immobilize it. The primary goal of this study was to find a new way of immobilizing catalase. There are many ways to immobilize an enzyme, one of the foremost being entrapment in calcium alginate. In past literature, researchers used calcium alginate as a bead, and an enzyme was physically entrapped into it. This form of immobilization has been proven inefficient because the enzyme is loosely attached to the material. To address this issue, we used calcium alginate as worm pieces with a carbodiimide as a crosslinker. Worm pieces here refer to small uniform pieces of cylindrical calcium alginate made by cutting long strings (worms) into small pieces. This research set out to understand whether or not EDC(1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride) can increase the immobilization of catalase into the calcium alginate. We found that EDC is able to triple the amount of catalase immobilized in calcium alginate compared to only calcium alginate entrapment. This research devised a new type of covalent entrapment that can be used to immobilize many other enzymes that also contain lysine residues. The result suggests that catalase can be better covalently entrapped into the calcium alginate worm pieces using EDC.
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Barranco, Oriol y Oscar Molina. "Continuity and change in trade union frames: Evidence from general strikes in Spain". Economic and Industrial Democracy, 2 de julio de 2019, 0143831X1985779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x19857791.
Texto completoResumen
This article analyses trade union frames in the context of general strikes in Spain from the late 1970s to 2017. General strikes are critical communicative events for trade unions, in which the way the unions frame their demands and public campaigns reflects the key elements of their strategies. The study of framing in relation to general strikes by the largest union confederation in Spain provides new insights into the capacity of trade unions to adapt to a rapidly changing socioeconomic and political context and, more specifically, to use public discourse as an important element in their revitalization strategy. In contrast with the widespread perception of trade union immobilism, the analysis shows continuity in claims such as job creation, a good public social protection system and the trade unions’ political role, but also changes such as the passage from workerism to citizenism, and from demanding full employment to denouncing precariousness.