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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Organization of PetroleumExporting Countries"

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Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 26 de julio de 2024
Última modificación: 27 de julio de 2024

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1

Bloom, Nicholas, Raffaella Sadun y John Van Reenen. "The Organization of Firms Across Countries*". Quarterly Journal of Economics 127, n.º 4 (1 de noviembre de 2012): 1663–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qje/qje029.

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Abstract We argue that social capital as proxied by trust increases aggregate productivity by affecting the organization of firms. To do this we collect new data on the decentralization of investment, hiring, production, and sales decisions from corporate headquarters to local plant managers in almost 4,000 firms in the United States, Europe, and Asia. We find that firms headquartered in high-trust regions are significantly more likely to decentralize. To help identify causal effects, we look within multinational firms and show that higher levels of bilateral trust between the multinational’s country of origin and subsidiary’s country of location increases decentralization, even after instrumenting trust using religious similarities between the countries. Finally, we show evidence suggesting that trust raises aggregate productivity by facilitating reallocation between firms and allowing more efficient firms to grow, as CEOs can decentralize more decisions.
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2

Henisz, Witold J. y Oliver E. Williamson. "Comparative Economic Organization—Within and Between Countries". Business and Politics 1, n.º 3 (noviembre de 1999): 261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bap.1999.1.3.261.

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This paper explores the implications of going beyond transaction cost theory's implicit focus on domestic investors to include multinational actors. As developed herein, the discriminating alignment between the level of hazards (contractual and/or political) and the mode of governance carries over. In the open-economy context, such an alignment reflects the hazards that arise from the nature of the transaction and those that arise from the nature of the political and regulatory environment.
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3

Singh, Meharban y V. K. Paul. "Organization of neonatal services in developing countries". Indian Journal of Pediatrics 62, n.º 2 (marzo de 1995): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02752319.

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4

Fenton, Kathleen N., Sergio Hernandez Castillo, Carlos Duarte Claro y William M. Novick. "Teamwork and Program Organization in Developing Countries". World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery 2, n.º 2 (abril de 2011): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150135110395334.

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5

Horberry, John. "International organization and EIA in developing countries". Environmental Impact Assessment Review 5, n.º 3 (septiembre de 1985): 207–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-9255(85)90002-2.

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6

Nikiforov, Aleksandr V. "Legal Practice Organization Models in Foreign Countries". Advocate’s practice 1 (12 de enero de 2023): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1999-4826-2023-1-44-49.

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The article is devoted to the peculiarities of organization of collective bar associations in countries with different indexes of economic freedom: Switzerland, the Netherlands, Romania and Venezuela. The author analyses the mandatory elements of the organizational structure of some collective bar associations, the peculiarities of bar organization depending on the degree of the state influence on the economy, analyses the legislation on advocacy in each of the above countries and evaluates the possibility of establishing lawyers’ associations without having a legal entity status and being organized for cooperation as a lawyer in the Russian Federation. The author examines the possibility of creation of lawyers’ associations in any organizationallegal forms, known to the national legislation and possibility of expansion of forms of lawyers’ associations in the Russian Federation provided by the foreign legislation.
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7

Zhong, Peng, Tao Wu y Shuaixin Guo. "How developing countries should choose their financial regulatory framework? Empirical Analysis Based on Data from 62 Countries". E3S Web of Conferences 235 (2021): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123501010.

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This paper adopts the orderly logit model which has achieved good results in the research of financial supervision organization structure in recent years, selects 62 representative countries as samples, estimates and analyzes the factors that affect the financial supervision organization structure change, and carries on the empirical test to the constructed model, thus provides the reference basis for developing countries to select their own financial supervision organization structure.
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8

Sansoucy, Rene. "The role of aid organization". Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1990 (marzo de 1990): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600018304.

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Experience over three decades of international projects aimed at assisting developing countries has shown that direct transfer of technology from developed countries has widely failed in the sector of Animal Production as in many other sectors. At best this transfer of technology has led to systems requiring high levels of imports in capital, feeds, genetically high producing animals and equipment, which require external technical assistance. These imported inputs which are usually highly subsidized have to a certain extent sometimes allowed a substantial improvement in output levels (eg. in poultry production). In some cases self-sufficiency has been attained, but never self-reliance. This has maintained or increased the dependency of developing countries. Therefore there is a need to base projects on a technology which is more appropriate and may be acceptable and profitable to the beneficiaries.
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9

Pobedinskiy, G. G., A. N. Prusakov y L. I. Yablonski. "Topographic and geodetic service organization of foreign countries". Geodesy and Cartography 897, n.º 3 (20 de abril de 2015): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2015-897-3-14-21.

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10

Pobedinskiy, G. G., L. I. Yablonski y A. N. Prusakov. "Topographic and geodetic service organization of foreign countries". Geodesy and Cartography 898, n.º 4 (22 de mayo de 2015): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2015-898-4-2-12.

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11

Pobedinskiy, G. G., A. N. Prusakov y L. I. Yablonski. "Topographic and geodetic service organization of foreign countries". Geodesy and Cartography 899, n.º 5 (20 de junio de 2015): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2015-899-5-2-7.

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12

HANSON, GERALD P. y VLADIMIR VOLODIN. "World Health Organization Programs in Third World Countries". Investigative Radiology 28 (agosto de 1993): S24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004424-199308003-00011.

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13

Ngoma, T. "World Health Organization cancer priorities in developing countries". Annals of Oncology 17 (julio de 2006): viii9—viii14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdl982.

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14

Koistinen, Jukka. "Organization of blood transfusion services in developing countries". Vox Sanguinis 67, n.º 3 (1994): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000462744.

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15

Barichello, Richard R., Alex McCalla y Alberto Valdes. "Developing Countries and the World Trade Organization Negotiations". American Journal of Agricultural Economics 85, n.º 3 (agosto de 2003): 674–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8276.00465.

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16

KOISTINEN, JUKKA. "ORGANIZATION OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION SERVICES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES". Vox Sanguinis 67 (julio de 1994): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1423-0410.1994.tb04586.x.

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17

Jimenez, Emmanuel. "Urban squatting and community organization in developing countries". Journal of Public Economics 27, n.º 1 (junio de 1985): 69–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2727(85)90029-5.

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18

Victor, David Johnson. "Organization of urban mass transport in developing countries". Journal of Advanced Transportation 25, n.º 1 (diciembre de 1991): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/atr.5670250109.

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19

Tarletcskaya, L. "OECD Countries in International Labor Statistics". World Economy and International Relations, n.º 1 (2010): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2010-1-47-53.

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The world crisis combusted has essentially changed a situation almost in all life spheres, and primarily on labor markets. However, weight of evidence suggests that many features of the world labor market which dawned in the second half of the 20th century – in the early 21st century will preserve their main outlines. The international labor statistics, and first of all, the International Labor Organization and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development statistic services help confirm or contest it. This article is devoted to analysis of the data submitted by the ILO and OECD.
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20

Geboye Desta, Melaku. "The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the World Trade Organization, and Regional Trade Agreements". Journal of World Trade 37, Issue 3 (1 de junio de 2003): 523–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2003026.

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21

Weerth, Carsten. "The Revised Kyoto Convention versus the Old One: A Capable Tool for Trade Facilitation?" Global Trade and Customs Journal 5, Issue 2 (1 de febrero de 2010): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2010008.

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The World Customs Organization (WCO, Organization Mondiale des Dounaes, OMD) is an intergovernmental organization of 176 Member States that was founded as European Customs Cooperation Council in 1952. The first Kyoto Convention on simplification of customs procedures is one of its most important legal instruments. This article questions whether the Revised Kyoto Convention (RKC) is a success story, which countries are signatory countries, and whether the Developing countries are also participating in this area of trade facilitation.
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22

Park, Myung-Bae, Eun Woo Nam, Chun-Bae Kim, Hae Jong Lee, Kwang-Soo Lee y Sang-Baek Koh. "Favorable and unfavorable health conditions within OECD countries: An exploratory study". SAGE Open Medicine 6 (1 de enero de 2018): 205031211775384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312117753847.

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Objectives: This study compared the physical, mental, and social health levels among Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. Methods: We sampled from 34 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development member countries and divided physical, mental, and social health into three domains based on World Health Organization health definitions. Results: A multivariate hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted to group countries that were similar in terms of health. Regarding physical health, Japan, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland, and ten more countries reported favorable health conditions. For mental health, Australia, Canada and eight more countries revealed favorable conditions. Finally, in terms of social health, Austria, Finland, Iceland, and seven more countries reported favorable conditions. Sweden and Switzerland reported the best health conditions aggregated across all three domains. Conversely, Estonia, Hungary, and Turkey reported comparatively poorer health across all three domains when compared with other Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. Conclusions: We suggested that mental health policy should be further strengthened in cases of Korea and Japan. In case of the Eastern Bloc countries, health policies should be established focusing on health equity for effective improvement of indicators.
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23

Alabdullah, Tariq Tawfeeq Yousif, Essia Ries Ahmed y Ramyar Rzgar Ahmed. "Organization Features and Profitability: Implications for a Sample of Emerging Countries". JABE (JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND BUSINESS EDUCATION) 5, n.º 2 (30 de marzo de 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26675/jabe.v5i2.16351.

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A huge number of prior works has tested the link between control mechanisms and organization profitability. Several methods are used by such works to enhance the notion that there is an inconsistent result in the link between the board feature and organization profitability. However, there is unpredictability of this link shown by the prior works. Thus, the current work aims at testing the board features as internal control mechanisms represented by the size of both organization and the board of directors in their impact on organization profitability in the non-financial companies in Jordan, which was selected from a sample of Emerging Countries. Data were collected from the annual reports for 65 organizations for the year 2019 from the website of ASE via utilizing a cross-sectional analysis study. After testing the hypothesis of the current work, the findings revealed that the size of the board of director has a significant impact on the organization profitability of nonfinancial companies in Jordan. However, this work showed that organization size has an insignificant impact on organization profitability. The current work might help policymakers in Emerging Countries in general, and Jordanian non-financial sector in particular, deliberate policies related to using robust control mechanisms to enhance directors' commitment toward utilizing internal control mechanisms for the ultimate aim in promoting organization profitability
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24

Thrift, Amanda G., George Howard, Dominique A. Cadilhac, Virginia J. Howard, Peter M. Rothwell, Tharshanah Thayabaranathan, Valery L. Feigin, Bo Norrving y Geoffrey A. Donnan. "Global stroke statistics: An update of mortality data from countries using a broad code of “cerebrovascular diseases”". International Journal of Stroke 12, n.º 8 (12 de septiembre de 2017): 796–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747493017730782.

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Background Current information on mortality attributed to stroke among different countries is important for policy development and monitoring prevention strategies. Unfortunately, mortality data reported to the World Health Organization by different countries are inconsistent. Aims and/or hypothesis To update the repository of the most recent country-specific data on mortality from stroke for countries that provide data using a broad code for “cerebrovascular disease.” Methods Data on mortality from stroke were obtained from the World Health Organization mortality database. We searched for countries that provided data, since 1999, on a combined category of “cerebrovascular disease” (code 1609) that incorporated International Classification of Diseases (10th edition) codes I60–I69. Using population denominators provided by the World Health Organization for the same year when available, or alternatively estimates obtained from the United Nations, we calculated crude mortality from “cerebrovascular disease” and mortality adjusted to the World Health Organization world population. We used the most recent year reported to the World Health Organization, as well as comparing changes over time. Results Since 1999, seven countries have provided these mortality data. Among these countries, crude mortality was greatest in the Russian Federation (in 2011), Ukraine (2012), and Belarus (2011) and was greater in women than men in these countries. Crude mortality was positively correlated with the proportion of the population aged ≥65 years but not with time. Age-adjusted mortality was greatest in the Russian Federation and Turkmenistan, and greater in men than women. Over time, mortality declined, with the greatest decline per annum evident in Kazakhstan (8.7%) and the Russian Federation (7.0%). Conclusions Among countries that provided data to the World Health Organization using a broad category of “cerebrovascular disease,” there was a decline in mortality in two of the countries that previously had some of the largest mortality rates for stroke.
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25

LUKASHIK, E. A. "WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION REFORM: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS". EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 3, n.º 7 (2020): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.09.01.015.

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The world trade organization (WTO) has faced a number of challenges related to changing trends in the global trading system. In addition to the differences that have accumulated during the Doha round of trade negotiations, new issues need to be discussed, such as the regulation of e-Commerce, the revision of intellectual property rules, the need to tighten the rules on subsidies and public procurement, and improving the effectiveness of the Appeals body. Due to the rapid economic growth of a number of developing countries, it is necessary to redistribute the benefits provided and review the status of the organization's member countries. Outdated WTO rules do not meet the new challenges of the 21st century. The main problems faced by WTO members are analyzed, the positions of developed and developing countries are highlighted, and ways to resolve the organization's crisis are presented.
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26

Ismail, Roslina, Mohd Kamarulnizam Abdullah y Latifah Abd Ghani. "BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION EFFORTS AMONG MUSLIM COUNTRIES: EVIDENCE FROM THE ORGANIZATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION COUNTRIES". Journal of International Studies 20, n.º 1 (12 de mayo de 2024): 83–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/jis2024.20.1.4.

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According to mainstream literature, Muslim countries often lag behind in terms of environmental sustainability despite their beingfully compliant with global environmental regulations. This raises the question of whether this applies to all aspects of environmentalconservation. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of biodiversity conservation efforts in countries that are members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and determine whether a consistent growth trend in biodiversity conservation can be identified. The study employs semi-quantitative and policy-science methods, analysing data from Yale University’s Biodiversity and Habitat Protection Index from 2010 to 2020. The findings show a significant increase in biodiversity conservation performance over the ten-year study period. Interestingly, low-income countries outperformed their wealthier OIC counterparts in terms of biodiversity conservation, despite having the lowest economic development status. This positive trend highlights the effectiveness of essential biodiversity policies and measures adopted in these Muslim countries. Furthermore, these results align with Stern’s approach, which argues that economic expansion can have diverse impacts on environmental quality, leading to the rejection of the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in the context of biodiversity conservation in Muslim countries. The study emphasises the need for further research into the nature of biodiversity policies among low-income nations. The policy ideas and solutions from these countries can provide valuable insights for combating biodiversity loss within OIC countries and globally, contributing to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Additionally, it has the potential to enhance the capacity of OIC countries in biodiversity conservation and their role in supporting fellow Muslim nations in achieving the SDGs.
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27

Bergsjø, Per, Geir Jacobsen y Leiv Bakketeig. "Organization of Obstetrical Ultrasound Services in the Nordic Countries". Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 66, n.º 6 (enero de 1987): 529–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016348709015729.

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28

Ratnovski, Lev y Aditya Narain. "Public Financial Institutions in Developed Countries: Organization and Oversight". IMF Working Papers 07, n.º 227 (2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451867916.001.

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29

Huffman, Wallace E. y Richard E. Just. "The organization of agricultural research in western developed countries". Agricultural Economics 21, n.º 1 (agosto de 1999): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.1999.tb00579.x.

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30

Dachev, Detelin. "Organization of geological museums in developing countries: future prospects". Museum International 38, n.º 2 (junio de 1986): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0033.1986.tb00619.x.

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31

Lyons, Charles. "The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) (www.opec.org)". Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship 14, n.º 2 (abril de 2009): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08963560802362609.

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32

Huffman, W. "The organization of agricultural research in western developed countries". Agricultural Economics 21, n.º 1 (agosto de 1999): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5150(99)00014-6.

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33

Farashahi, Mehdi y Rick Molz. "A Framework for multilevel organization analysis in developing countries". International Journal of Commerce and Management 14, n.º 1 (29 de febrero de 2004): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10569210480000174.

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34

Bayley, David H. "Comparative Organization of the Police in English-Speaking Countries". Crime and Justice 15 (enero de 1992): 509–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/449200.

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35

Sharma, Shalendra D. "The World Trade Organization and Implications for Developing Countries". SAIS Review 17, n.º 2 (1997): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sais.1997.0037.

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36

Sarsenbayeva, Zhanar. "KAZAKHSTAN IN THE SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION OF THE CNS". Qogam jane Dauir 77, n.º 1 (15 de junio de 2023): 68–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52536/2788-5860.2023-1.07.

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The article reveals the history of the emergence of the organization of the Commonwealth of Independent States, which arose after the collapse of the USSR, and modern integration ties between the member countries of the organization. It is particularly noted that Kazakhstan has played a decisive role in the history of the creation and formation of the organization. Having become an independent country, Kazakhstan has found its own way of development. In international relations, he ensured a multi-vector position and established friendly relations with all countries. It was especially active within the framework of the organization of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The author analyzes the integration relations of the Republic of Kazakhstan with the states within the organization and defines its main directions. To date, a description of the features of relations with the member countries of the organization and an analysis of issues that will be rational for Kazakhstan is given. Special attention is paid to the relations of the Republic of Kazakhstan with other member states of the organization in the political, social and economic spheres, education and science, issues that will be useful for our country. To date, the strained ties between the CIS countries are described and its negative impact is assessed. The article analyzes the issue of priorities of the foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of tense relations between the member countries of the organization. The advantages of a multi-vector policy are assessed and its correctness is proved.
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37

Shah, Muhammad Abdul Rehman, Meher Bano y Shaherbano. "The Impact of Learning Organization Practices on Subjective Performance of Employees: The Case of Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) of Developing Countries". Islamic Banking and Finance Review 7 (31 de diciembre de 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/ibfr/2020/0700/525.

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Purpose: The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between learning organization practices and subjective performance of employees moderated by employee engagement in in emerging financial markets of Malaysia, Pakistan, and Indonesia. There are identified continuous learning, collaboration and team learning, system to capture learning, empower employees, the connection to organization, strategic leadership, inquiry and dialogue as seven dimensions of learning organization practices. All of them affect more or less the subjective performance of employees in any organization. Research Design: We select the sample of 230 people working in different departments of Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) of developing countries; Malaysia, Pakistan, and Indonesia. Data is collected from the concerned organizations. Findings: On empirical basis, the relationship is found highly significant, learning organization is affecting subjective performance of employees with maximum coefficient of β=.681, which means an increase in learning organization practices will affect subjective performance of employees positively in emerging Islamic financial markets of Malaysia, Pakistan, and Indonesia. Practical implications: The study recommends that learning organization practices should be considered to increase the subjective performance of the employees in IFIs of developing countries. Originality/ value: An association between learning organization practices and subjective performance is explored with major concentration on conventional institutions of the developed countries, whereas this study explores the impact of learning organization practices on subjective performance of employees in the case of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) of developing countries.
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38

Bechtel, Michael M. y Thomas Sattler. "What Is Litigation in the World Trade Organization Worth?" International Organization 69, n.º 2 (2015): 375–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002081831400037x.

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AbstractConventional wisdom holds that the creation of international, court-like institutions helps countries to peacefully settle trade conflicts, thereby enhancing overall welfare. Many have argued, however, that these institutions remain ultimately ineffective because they merely reflect the distribution of power in the anarchic international system. We argue that international litigation provides economic spillovers that create opportunities for judicial free-riding and explore empirically how litigation in the World Trade Organization affects bilateral trade between countries involved in a trade dispute. We use a matching approach to compare the dynamics of trade flows between countries that experienced a panel ruling with trade relations of observably similar country pairs that did not experience a ruling. Based on this comparison we find that sectoral exports from complainant countries to the defendant increase by about $7.7 billion in the three years after a panel ruling. However, countries that have proactively filed a complaint and carried the main costs of litigation do not systematically gain more than less-active third parties that merely joined an existing trade dispute. This suggests that international judicial institutions can provide positive economic externalities and may thereby lead to a less power-based distribution of the gains from trade.
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39

Kovacevic, Radovan. "World trade organization and trade liberalization after Doxa". Privredna izgradnja 47, n.º 1-2 (2004): 17–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/priz0402017k.

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Developing countries have highlighted the importance of examine the interlink ages between trade, debt and finance in an effort to find sustainable solutions to these challenges within the context of the multilateral trading system. This paper analyzes what actions could be taken in the context of the WTO Doha negotiations to assist countries to benefit from deeper trade integration. It discusses the policy agenda that confronts many developing countries and identifies a number of focal points that could be used both as targets and as benchmarks to increase the likelihood that WTO negotiations will support development. To achieve these targets a number of negotiating modalities are proposed for both goods and services-related market access issues, as well as rule making in regulatory areas. Developing countries must approach WTO negotiations with a firm view of their national priorities, and seek to ensure that multilateral obligations will assist in and not detract from, the realization of development objectives. For the development community this implies priority should be given to strengthening the capacity to identify national priorities and to analyze the cost and benefits of proposed agreements in light of those priorities.
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40

Oviedo, Jorge Eudoro Romero, Lenin Stalin Fuentes Gavilanez, Miriam Elizabeth Freire León y Cintya Lisbeth Tello Nùñez. "Present and Future of the World Trade Organization". International Journal of Religion 5, n.º 11 (3 de julio de 2024): 2838–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/bzyr4v74.

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The WTO has played a key role in globalization and the development of free trade; its results are interesting for those countries and transnational companies that lead the value chains; free trade agreements and the broad participation of countries; but above all, having regulated international trade is among the most important. However, there is growing discontent, even in its main promoter (the United States), not to mention in countries for whom the poor results obtained are questioned by the majority of their inhabitants, due to the precariousness of employment, the reduction of purchasing power and the unemployment generated. The differences and controversies between the United States and China create uncertainty about the role of the WTO, slow down investments and hasten a comprehensive restructuring of the system. In key aspects such as dispute settlement and free trade agreements, their processes and procedures.
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41

Janthongpan, Surat, Wanchai Rattanawong y Nanthi Suthikarnnarunai. "Intelligent System for Transportation Mode Selection in ASEAN Countries". Open Civil Engineering Journal 10, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2016): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501610010361.

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Association of Southeast Asian Nations: ASEAN is an organization of ten countries in Southeast Asia consisting of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Brunei, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and Thailand. One of the major purposes of Asean is to create the Asean Economic Community: AEC as an economic organization. The mission of the AEC is to develop a single market and develop production base to be stable prosperous, highly competitive and economically, integrated with effective facilitation for trade and investment including a free flow of goods, services, investment, skilled labors and capital . This paper focuses on investigating the constraint within the three major modes of transportation (Air Sea and Truck) and reviewing the major factor influenced mode selection of the trading organization in Asean countries. Whilst constraints and complexities exist particularly within different countries, products values, lead time, a lack of knowledge on the condition of each transportation mode of the Small and Medium Enterprise (SME). At the time for those requirements can result in business limitation and restrictions. The results of research will lead to the design of an intelligent transportation system program that will not only illustrate solution for the trading organization in Asean countries but also provide variable costing and accurate transit time as management tools for users.
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42

Askarov, Furkat. "Legal status of the real estate organization". Общество и инновации 4, n.º 8/S (10 de septiembre de 2023): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol4-iss8/s-pp41-46.

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The article talks about the positive experience of foreign countries in the field of real estate, which is directly related to the real estate sector today. It is known that in Article 83 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, property is divided into immovable property and movable property as an object of civil rights, including land plots, underground resources, buildings, structures, perennial trees and other property integrally connected with the land, i.e. objects that cannot be moved without causing disproportionate damage to their intended purpose, the legislation stipulates that other property can also be included in the list of immovable property, and the features of acquisition of rights to immovable property and their cancellation shall be determined by legislation. The article describes the norms of the status and description of real estate in other countries, in particular, Germany and a number of countries. The purpose of the article was to research the problems of legal regulation of real estate activity. Also, the disclosure of problems arising in the field of real estate and its solution were also discussed. In conclusion, it was concluded that in the development of real estate activity, first of all, it is necessary to study foreign experience in the field of real estate regulation.
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43

Zhildikbaeva*, A. y S. Elemesov. "ORGANIZATION OF LAND USE ON AGRICULTURAL LANDS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES". Izdenister natigeler, n.º 3 (91) (30 de septiembre de 2021): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37884/3-2021/03.

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In the article the experiences of foreign countries in the organization of land use, such aspects as: forms of ownership, restrictions on the size of land, the development of rental relations in different countries of the world, the opinions of various authors are considered. The minimum and maximum sizes of land use granted to one person in the countries of the world have been analyzed. Direct payments to farmers in European Union (EU) and Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries have been studied. The analysis of the current legislation on land turnover in foreign countries has been presented. The current restrictions on the size of land plots provided for rent and private ownership to one individual and legal entity are given. The results of the work of the Land Commission of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the identified costs in the process of land reform are presented. The measures taken by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan to eliminate them by introducing a moratorium for 5 years on the sale of land to private ownership are outlined and the main directions for improving land relations in Kazakhstan are outlined.
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44

Knoppers, Bartha Maria y Lori Luther. "The Human Genome Organization (HUGO)". Politics and the Life Sciences 16, n.º 1 (marzo de 1997): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400020323.

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The Human Genome Organisation (HUGO) is an international membership organization (with 965 current members in 50 countries) whose goal is to coordinate and enhance efforts in the Human Genome Project (HGP). Formally established in 1989 by a group of the world's leading scientists in order to promote genome activities internationally, HUGO operates as a global coordinating organization to create the networks and channels through which genome information, initiatives, and ideas can flow and be disseminated.
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45

Khayatt, Amer. "The Arab Anti-corruption Organization*". Contemporary Arab Affairs 1, n.º 3 (1 de julio de 2008): 471–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550910802224376.

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The global fight against corruption has gained momentum in the last two decades when its adverse effects on national economies, professional practice and the promotion of democracy and governance, have become clear. Yet the Arab region remained resistant towards these efforts. This paper traces the steps that have been taken to introduce an indigenous initiative in this regard and reports on developments which have been put in place in Arab countries to combat corruption.
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46

Kryzyna, O. V. "ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONING OF THE PATHOANATOMICAL SERVICE IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES". States and Regions. Series: Public Administration, n.º 2 (2020): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/1813-3401.2020.2.16.

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47

Kessie, Edwini Kwame. "Developing Countries and the World Trade Organization—What Has Changed?" World Competition 22, Issue 2 (1 de junio de 1999): 83–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco1999008.

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48

Suharnomo, Suharnomo y Fathyah Hashim. "Differences in organization citizenship behavior between “serumpun” countries (Indonesia – Malaysia)". Journal of Asia Business Studies 13, n.º 3 (8 de julio de 2019): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-12-2016-0178.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the effect of job motivation and commitment on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of Indonesian and Malaysian employees. Organizational and national cultures are introduced as moderators and OCB as a mediator to investigate their relationships in the context of job performance. Design/methodology/approach The sample was drawn from employees using a purposive sampling method. A total of 264 valid questionnaires were obtained from employees. The data were analyzed using regression analysis. Findings The results show that job commitment and job motivation positively affect OCB in Indonesia but not Malaysia. The results also reveal that job motivation affects OCB in both countries. In Indonesia, organizational culture and national culture partially moderate the influence of job commitment and motivation on OCB, except the commitment to the organization's culture. However, roles of these moderators in job commitment and motivation are not evident in Malaysia. The result of this study also shows that OCB affects performance in Malaysia but not Indonesia. Practical implications The results of this study can be used to explore Indonesian and Malaysian employees. Although the culture of these two countries is originated from the same roots which cause many similarities among them, there are differences in terms of OCB and employee’s performance that can affect organizational performance and also ways in dealing business with Indonesian and Malaysian companies. Originality/value This study is one of the first studies to examine cross-cultural dimensions in two Southeast Asian countries. The findings contribute to the current OCB literature by confirming the roles of OCB and culture in the effects of job motivation and commitment on job performance.
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49

Olesen, Jes, Gunilla Oberg y Per Vestergaard. "Year of the Brain in European countries. Background and organization". European Journal of Neurology 5, n.º 4 (julio de 1998): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-1331.1998.540325.x.

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50

SARKISYAN, Zhaklin M. "Models of Institutional Organization of Budgetary Control in Foreign Countries". Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 9, n.º 1 (25 de septiembre de 2018): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v9.1(31).34.

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The article discusses some of the features, showing that experts distinguish the following models of institutional organization of budgetary control: parliamentary control, administrative control, judicial control. Parliamentary control in the field of Finance to produce to the Commission or parliamentary committees or audit bodies, for example, the chamber. Exercising budgetary control committees have certain features in different States as the order of the information and competence. Administrative and financial control in the public sectors the head of state, government and specialized bodies, in addition, ministries and agencies. Judicial financial control in the public sector carry out so-called judicial or quasi-judicial bodies, for example, the court of accounts in France, Italy, Spain etc.
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