Literatura académica sobre el tema "Organization du génome"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Organization du génome"
Teyssier, Corinne, Hélène Marchandin y Estelle Jumas-Bilak. "Le génome des alpha-protéobactéries : complexité, réduction, diversité et fluidité". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 50, n.º 6 (1 de junio de 2004): 383–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w04-033.
Texto completoMusantu Mbutamene, Achille. "Aperçu historique sur la génèse, l’organisation et le fonctionnement de la recherche scientifique et technologique en République Démocratique du Congo : des origines à nos jours". Revue Congolaise des Sciences & Technologies 02, n.º 01 (15 de febrero de 2023): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.59228/rcst.023.v2.i1.24.
Texto completoNamora, Ricardo. "Em busca de uma “anestesia verbal suficiente” – sobrevoando a génese de Finisterra, Paisagem e Povoamento, de Carlos de Oliveira". Convergência Lusíada 34, n.º 50 (13 de noviembre de 2023): 168–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37508/rcl.2023.n50a534.
Texto completoDahmani, Amira. "La résilience du personnel soignant à l’épreuve de la pandémie de COVID-19 : une étude dans un hôpital public en Tunisie". Sommaire 76, n.º 2 (30 de junio de 2021): 189–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1078504ar.
Texto completoRydell, Alexis y Rune Wigblad. "Company-level flexicurity during the restructuring process: a model". Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 17, n.º 4 (noviembre de 2011): 547–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258911419781.
Texto completoBerthe, Bénédicte y Camille Chédotal. "La culpabilité au travail : La parole aux salariés". Articles 73, n.º 2 (18 de junio de 2018): 295–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1048572ar.
Texto completoMarsden, David. "Le génie du système allemand et la réforme du système américain. Observations à propos des « modes de passage »,à la vie active en Allemagne et aux États-Unis". Formation Emploi 44, n.º 1 (1993): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/forem.1993.1626.
Texto completoPotter, David S. "The organization of the Roman games - KATHLEEN COLEMAN et JOCELYNE NELIS-CLÉMENT (entretiens préparés par), L'ORGANISATION DES SPECTACLES DANS LE MONDE ROMAIN. HUITS EXPOSÉS SUIVIS DE DISCUSSIONS, par J. Nollé, O. M. van Nijf, C. Kokkinia, M. L. Caldelli, J.-P. Thuillier, R. Webb, G. Chamberland, C. Jones (Entretiens sur l'Antiquité Classique tome LVIII; Vandoeuvres-Génève 22-26 août 2011; Fondation Hardt 2012). Pp. xxvii + 352, 16 pp. of plates. ISSN 0071-0822; ISBN 978-2-600-00758-0." Journal of Roman Archaeology 29 (2016): 679–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759400072573.
Texto completoFAVERDIN, P. y C. LEROUX. "Avant-propos". INRAE Productions Animales 26, n.º 2 (16 de abril de 2013): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2013.26.2.3137.
Texto completoMartinand, Claude. "Urban engineering: some preliminary ideas". Les Cahiers Scientifiques du Transport - Scientific Papers in Transportation 11-12 | 1985 (30 de junio de 1985). http://dx.doi.org/10.46298/cst.11824.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Organization du génome"
Recoules, Ludmila. "Rôles du variant d'histone macroH2A1 dans la régulation transcriptionnelle et l'organisation du génome". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOU30217.
Texto completoMany factors regulate three-dimensional (3D) chromatin organization and DNA-related processes such as controlled gene expression. Among them, locus-specific incorporation of histones variants is essential for many nuclear processes. The histone variant macroH2A1 (mH2A1), expressed as two splicing isoforms mH2A1.1 and mH2A1.2, is important for the controlled execution of many molecular and cellular processes such as, in a non-exhaustive way, gene transcription, DNA repair, 3D genome organization, cellular differentiation and reprogramming, senescence and cancerous proliferation. Underlying molecular mechanisms by which mH2A1 regulates these processes are still poorly characterized. Based on this, the aim of my thesis was to gain a more comprehensive view of mH2A1 transcriptional and organizational actions at specific loci and at the level of the whole genome. My work was divided into two main research axes. The first axis consisted in the analysis of the roles of the isoform mH2A1.1 in a reference triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB 231, characterized by a high metastatic potential. To this aim, I have combined transcriptomic data with ChIP-seq, HiC and PCHiC data in control and mH2A1.1-depleted cells. The second axis consisted in the analysis of the recruitment of mH2A1 to pericentric heterochromatin regions and the investigation of its impact on their 3D chromatin organization. To this aim, I have used single cell microscopy and quantitative image analysis in control and mH2A1-depleted murine fibroblastic cells. Concerning the first axis, I found that mH2A1.1 isoform up- or down-regulates many genes associated with a wide range of biological processes, particularly important for cell migration. In agreement, mH2A1.1 inhibits cell migration of the TNBC MDA-MB 231 cells. I demonstrated that mH2A1.1 actives its target gene expression by regulating ARN Polymerase II pausing. However, no evidence for a role for mH2A1 in the control of chromatin looping between enhancers/promoters and at the genome-wide scale was found. Concerning the second axis, I showed that both isoforms of mH2A1 were recruited to pericentric heterochromatin following various treatments influencing nuclear homeostasis. However, mH2A1 did not seem to be necessary for the chromatin organization of these loci. My thesis works provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which mH2A1, in particular its isoform mH2A1.1, regulates gene expression but they also question the idea that mH2A1 is functionally involved in chromatin structure at different organizational scales of the genome and at different chromatin states
David, Gabriel. "Structure et dynamique du cytoplasme auto-organisé : exemple par la ségrégation du génome bactérien". Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS098.
Texto completoCellular organisms appear organized. Bacteria use membraneless compartments to confine chemical reactions in space and time. There is a general paradigm of intracellular space self-organization that distinguishes between self-assembly, molecular structures assembled by passive phase transition mechanisms, and dissipative structures, generated for example by reaction-diffusion processes. If self-assemblies correspond to the evolution towards thermodynamic equilibrium, dissipative structures are manifestations of an out-of-equilibrium energy cost. We illustrate this paradigm by studying the segregation of bacterial genome, in this case the F-plasmid segregation of Escherichia coli, based on the ParABS partition system. Segregation is a crucial step in the bacterial cell cycle since it ensures the transmission of genetic information in daughter bacteria before division.The ParABS system consists of a parS centromeric sequence; a ParB protein which is able to bind to DNA, specifically on the parS sequence and not specifically elsewhere; and a ParA ATPase protein than can bind to DNA. Interactions between ParB proteins on DNA and specific adsorption on the parS sequence lead to the formation of a three-dimensional focus called the ParBS complex located around the parS sequence. Interactions between ParA and ParB proteins lead to the positioning of this complex at the center of the cell cytoplasm. After replication, two ParBS complexes exist and are segregated by the action of ParA proteins at positions 1/4 and 3/4 of the intracellular space.We first seek to explain the formation of ParBS complexes by a passive phase separation mechanism between high- and low-density states of ParB proteins in space. We construct two statistical physics models using tools borrowed from the physics of phase transitions. Our second approach rigorously defines all the elements of the biological system consisting of the interacting DNA-polymer and ParB proteins and allows us to formulate a first-order phase transition existence criterion that is verified by the DNA. We can draw the phase diagrams of this transition. These two models allow us to argue that the physiological thermodynamic regime of this biological system is a regime of metastable coexistence in ParB proteins on DNA. The parS sequence plays the role of a defect or nucleation seed. We use a third approach to explain the relationship between the three-dimensional and DNA distributions of ParB proteins around the parS sequence.We try to explain the fluorescence recovery curves from photobleaching experiments on ParBS complexes. We construct an in silico photobleaching method, i.e. we reproduce these recovery curves from a phenomenological equation solved numerically. We then develop a system of equations that describe the evolution of proteins on DNA from the previous statistical physical approach to produce an in silico photobleaching taking into account that ParBS complexes are the result of phase separation. We show that a pure passive system does not allow photobleaching experiments because of the Ostwald maturation undergone by the complexes. We correct this approach by including ParA proteins and their biochemical cycle in our simulations. We show that the interactions between ParA and ParB proteins and the hydrolysis of ATP allows the survival of several ParBS complexes thanks to an inversion mechanism of Ostwald's ripening. This fundamental approach explains the positioning of ParBS complexes during segregation
Terrone, Sophie. "Connexion entre organisation 3D du génome et épissage alternatif médiée par les hélicases DDX5 et DDX17". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. https://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m6n015wq.
Texto completoAlternative splicing is the mechanism that allows the production of several mRNA isoforms from the same gene, and that concerns the majority of human genes. As it occurs during transcription, both processes are co-regulated. Several recent studies have proposed that the three-dimensional organization of the genome, which regulates transcription, could also have an impact on splicing. DDX5 and DDX17 are two RNA helicases involved in several steps of RNA biogenesis and processing, including transcription and splicing. Notably, previous studies from our lab have shown they are downregulated during cellular differentiation, which contributes to establish specific splicing programs. Moreover, DDX5/17 interact with CTCF and Cohesin that are key regulators of chromatin topology and looping. This suggests a role for DDX5/17 in genome topology, and could suggest their involvement in the cross-talk between 3D organization and splicing. In order to address this question, we first assessed the impact of DDX5/17 on splicing by RNA-Seq and tested the contribution of CTCF and Cohesin on DDX5/17-dependant exon inclusion. We observed that the co-depletion of CTCF and Cohesin with DDX5/17 increases the effect of the helicases on the inclusion of some exons. Moreover, our results indicate for the first time that depletion of DDX5/17 deregulates transcriptional termination of many genes. Finally, we selected two exons regulated by both DDX5/17 and CTCF and investigated the three-dimensional organization of their associated genes by Chromosome Conformation Capture (3C) assays. The first exon is located within the NCS1 gene while the second exon has a promoter-proximal position in the PRMT2 gene. Our 3C experiments indicate the presence of a chromatin loop between the NCS1 promoter and its internal DDX5/17- and CTCF-regulated exon. Moreover, our results reveal a physical proximity between the promoter and the terminator region of both genes, and a deregulation of this specific configuration upon DDX5/17 depletion, which could possibly lead to transcriptional readthrough. Finally, stabilizing the promoter-terminator loop using a dCas9-based approach altered the inclusion of the PRMT2 promoter-proximal exon. Altogether, our results support the hypothesis of a mechanistical link between the 3D organization of genes and the regulation of alternative splicing and transcription fidelity
Pavlíček, Adam. "Integration and stability of retrotransposons in the human genome : implications for genomic organization". Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077142.
Texto completoBen, Zouari Yousra. "The functional and spatial organization of chromatin during Thymocyte development". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAJ025.
Texto completoChromosome folding takes place at different hierarchical levels, with various topologies correlated with control of gene expression. Despite the large number of recent studies describing chromatin topologies and their correlations with gene activity, many questions remain, in particular how these topologies are formed and maintained. To understand better the link between epigenetic marks, chromatin topology and transcriptional control, we use CHi-C technique based on the chromosome conformation capture (3C) method. By using two capture strategies targeting two different chromatin structures (chromatin loops and topological domains), we have been able to decipher the chromatin structure associated with thymocyte differentiation and to highlight mechanisms for the transcriptional control of certain genes. Future experiments of the lab will examine mechanisms other than transcription which may influence chromatin architecture, such as differential binding of CTCF, and how these may interplay with transcriptional control and chromatin architecture
Pustahija, Fatima. "Odgovor genoma na abioticki stres : primjer serpentinofita u centralnoj Bosni". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00769399.
Texto completoPerrot, Anthony. "Understanding the establishment of the DNA replication program". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1B052.
Texto completoDNA replication is an essential process that occurs only once in a cell cycle before cell division. Replication is highly regulated through conserved mechanisms to ensure the faithful duplication and transmission of genetic information. Interestingly, changes in the replication program, defined by the temporal and spatial pattern of replication origin activation, have been observed during development in distinct cell types, after induction of differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells, and in various cancers. The regulation of DNA replication is therefore essential for ensuring the integrity of the genome, and the program of origin activation may be an important contributor to this process. However, despite a large body of work on the many enzymes and modifications involved in origin selection, the critical determinants as well as their interdependence remain surprisingly unknown. My thesis project focuses on identifying the key parameters that regulate the replication program, taking advantage of unique approaches using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a model system. First, we investigated the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the role of CDK activity in determining the program of DNA replication. We demonstrated that changing the length of G1 phase through modulation of CDK activity has an impact on the profile of replication initiation along the chromosome. More specifically, inefficient origins show increases in their usage, while efficient origins have reduced activities. Moreover, we have shown that cells are highly sensitive to differences in CDK activity levels at the G1/S transition, which result in genome-wide changes in replication initiation across the entire spectrum of efficiencies. This suggests that CDK activity is a dose-dependent, limiting factor in the regulation of origin usage. Thus, our study establishes the integration of both temporal and quantitative regulation of CDK activity as a key determinant in defining the program of genome duplication. Second, using an approach in which cells establish a replication program de novo after exit from quiescence, we investigated the critical first steps of origin selection. We focused on the importance of the essential Origin Recognition Complex, whose recruitment to origins is required for the subsequent assembly of replication complexes. Our analysis reveals a strong correspondence between the level of ORC binding at origins and the efficiency of these origins in both cells exiting quiescence as well as those in vegetative growth conditions. Therefore, we demonstrate for the first time that ORC is not simply a marker of potential initiation sites but rather a crucial determinant in the program of origin usage.Finally, our observation that efficient origins are organized in distinct clusters in the de novo replication program suggested that chromosomal organization may be important for origin selection. To address this question, we have generated strains containing a series of distinct chromosomal rearrangements and assessed their origin efficiency profiles. Our findings indicate that the localization of an origin with respect to its chromosomal context plays an important role in regulating its efficiency. Moreover, distinct regions may have different effects on origin selection by being permissive or inhibitory for origin activity. Those observations could indicate a role for the spatial organization of the genome in origin selection and thus led us to study chromosome and nuclear organization in conditions where the replication program is different
Mercy, Guillaume. "L'organisation 3D des chromosomes synthétiques de levure". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS034.pdf.
Texto completoThe international project Sc2.0 started 10 years ago by the Pr. Jef Boeke aims to build a fully synthetic genome of S. cerevisiae which increases the genome stability by removing all repeated sequences (tRNA, transposable elements, etc.), and implements SCRaMbLE (for Synthetic Chromosome Rearrangement and Modification by LoxP-mediated Evolution), an inducible, high-throughput chromosome rearrangement system. This design is highly conservative with respect to gene content, the deletion of several classes of repeated sequences and the introduction of thousands of designer changes. However, it may affect genome organization and potentially alter cellular functions. To determine wether those modifications affected the three-dimensional conformation of synthetic chromosmes, we investigated it using chromosomes conformation capture coupled to second generation sequencing method (Hi-C). Currently, eight synthetic chromosomes (synI, synII, synIII, synV, synVI, synIX-R, synX et synXII) have been fully assembled. Using these strains we observed that the large-scale genomic organization is globally unaffected by the presence of synthetic chromosome(s). Two exceptions are synIII, which lacks the silent mating-type cassettes, and synXII, specifically when the ribosomal DNA is moved to another chromosome. We also exploited the contact maps to detect rearrangements induced in these SCRaMbLE strains
Girard, Fabien. "Tethering of molecular parasites on inactive chromatin in eukaryote nucleus". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS661.
Texto completoNatural plasmids are common in prokaryotes but few have been documented in eukaryotes. The natural 2µ plasmid present in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most well characterized. This highly stable genetic element coexists with its host for millions of years, efficiently segregating at each cell division through a mechanism that remains poorly understood. Using proximity ligation (Hi-C, MicroC) to map the contacts between the 2µ and yeast chromosomes under dozens of different biological conditions, we found that the plasmid tether preferentially on regions with low transcriptional activity, often corresponding to long inactive genes, throughout the cell cycle. Common players in chromosome structure such as members of the structural maintenance of chromosome complexes (SMC) are not involved in these contacts, and depend instead on a nucleosomal signal associated with a depletion of RNA Pol II. These contacts are highly stable, and can be established within minutes. Our data show that the plasmid segregates by binding to transcriptionally silent regions of the host chromosomes. This strategy may concern other types of DNA molecules and species beyond S. cerevisiae, as suggested by the binding pattern of the natural Ddp5 plasmid along Dictyostelium discoideum chromosomes’ silent regions
Monfouilloux, Sylvaine. "Etude de la structure et de l'évolution d'une région de translocations sous télomériques chez l'homme". Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUES065.
Texto completoLibros sobre el tema "Organization du génome"
Advances in occupational, social, and organizational ergonomics. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2011.
Buscar texto completoSource file management with SCCS. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1992.
Buscar texto completoRabinow, Paul. A machine to make a future: Biotech chronicles. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005.
Buscar texto completoDesign of enterprise systems: Theory, architecture, and methods. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 2010.
Buscar texto completoGiachetti, Ronald E. Design of enterprise systems: Theory, architecture, and methods. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2010.
Buscar texto completo1948-, Bidgood Tony, ed. CASE strategies guide for information managers. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate, 1993.
Buscar texto completoEngineers of victory: The problem solvers who turned the tide in the Second World War. Toronto: HarperCollins Publishers, 2013.
Buscar texto completoEngineers of victory: The problem solvers who turned the tide in the Second World War. New York: Random House, 2013.
Buscar texto completoEngineering solutions to America's healthcare challenges. Boca Raton: CRC, Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.
Buscar texto completoKarwowski, Waldemar, Peter Vink, Jussi Kantola y Gavriel Salvendy. Advances in Occupational, Social, and Organizational Ergonomics. Taylor & Francis Group, 2010.
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