Tesis sobre el tema "Organic electrodes"
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Hall, Geoffrey F. "Organic phase enzyme electrodes". Thesis, Cranfield University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278720.
Texto completoSaini, S. "Organic phase enzyme electrodes". Thesis, Cranfield University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332925.
Texto completoMurphy, Lindy Jane. "Conducting organic salt enzyme electrodes". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46459.
Texto completoKim, Yong Hyun. "Alternative Electrodes for Organic Optoelectronic Devices". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-113279.
Texto completoDie vorliegende Arbeit demonstriert einen Ansatz zur Verwirklichung von kostengünstigen, semi-transparenten, langzeitstabilen und effizienten Organischen Photovoltaik Zellen (OPV) und Organischen Leuchtdioden (OLEDs) durch die Nutzung innovativer Elektrodensysteme. Dazu werden leitfähige Polymere, dotiertes ZnO und Kohlenstoff-Nanoröhrchen eingesetzt. Diese alternativen Elektrodensysteme sind vielversprechende Kandidaten, um das konventionell genutzte Indium-Zinn-Oxid (ITO), welches aufgrund seines hohen Preises und spröden Materialverhaltens einen stark begrenz Faktor bei der Herstellung von kostengünstigen, flexiblen, organischen Bauelementen darstellt, zu ersetzten. Zunächst werden langzeitstabile, effiziente, ITO-freie Solarzellen und transparente OLEDs auf der Basis von Poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) Elektroden beschrieben, welche mit Hilfe einer Lösungsmittel-Nachprozessierung und einer Optimierung der Bauelementstruktur hergestellt wurden. Zusätzlich wurde ein leistungsfähiges, internes Lichtauskopplungs-System für weiße OLEDs, basierend auf PEDOT:PSS-beschichteten Metalloxid-Nanostrukturen, entwickelt. Weiterhin werden hoch effiziente, ITO-freie OPV Zellen und OLEDs vorgestellt, bei denen mit verschiedenen nicht-metallischen Elementen dotierte ZnO Elektroden zur Anwendung kamen. Die optimierten ZnO Elektroden bieten im Vergleich zu unserem Laborstandard ITO eine signifikant verbesserte Effizienz. Abschließend werden semi-transparente OPV Zellen mit freistehenden Kohlenstoff-Nanoröhrchen als transparente Top-Elektrode vorgestellt. Die daraus resultierenden Zellen zeigen sehr niedrige Leckströme und eine zufriedenstellende Stabilität. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde auch verschiedene Kombinationen von Elektrodenmaterialen als Top- und Bottom-Elektrode für semi-transparente, ITO-freie OPV Zellen untersucht. Zusammengefasst bestätigen die Resultate, dass OPV und OLEDs basierend auf alternativen Elektroden vielversprechende Eigenschaften für die praktische Anwendung in der Herstellung von effizienten, kostengünstigen, flexiblen und semi-transparenten Bauelement besitzen
Korell, Ulrich. "Electrochemistry at organic conducting salt electrodes". Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61171.
Texto completoDriscoll, B. J. "Enzyme electrodes using conducting organic salts". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47038.
Texto completoStec, Helena M. "Metal window electrodes for organic photovoltaics". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57652/.
Texto completoSelzer, Franz. "Transparent Electrodes for Organic Solar Cells". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-199652.
Texto completoHutter, Oliver S. "Nanostructured copper electrodes for organic photovoltaics". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/71005/.
Texto completoSchubert, Sylvio. "Transparent top electrodes for organic solar cells". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-162670.
Texto completoKira, Aiko. "Nanostructured Hybrid Electrodes for Organic Photovoltaic Devices". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/120942.
Texto completoTyler, Martin S. "Electrodes for top-illuminated organic photovoltaic devices". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/88398/.
Texto completoMacDonald, Gordon Alex. "Nanoscale Characterization of the Electrical Properties of Oxide Electrodes at the Organic Semiconductor-Oxide Electrode Interface in Organic Solar Cells". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347338.
Texto completoTomita, Yuto. "Alternative transparent electrodes for organic light emitting diodes". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1236711483222-35217.
Texto completoZaballa, Vicente. "Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants with TiOâ‚‚ electrodes". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248657.
Texto completoTomita, Yuto. "Alternative transparent electrodes for organic light emitting diodes". Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2008. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23806.
Texto completoKondo, Takeshi. "Current-voltage characteristics of organic semiconductors interfacial control between organic layers and electrodes /". Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-05022007-122219/.
Texto completoDr. Marder Seth R, Committee Chair ; Dr. Kippelen Bernard, Committee Co-Chair ; Dr. Brďas Jean-Luc E, Committee Member ; Dr. Perry Joseph W, Committee Member ; Dr. Srinivasarao Mohan, Committee Member.
Harrington, Tomas Seosamh. "Gas diffusion electrodes for environmental applications". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297872.
Texto completoSun, Jiaxin. "Stacked organic light-emitting diodes with metallic intermediate electrodes /". View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ECED%202008%20SUNJ.
Texto completoTvingstedt, Kristofer. "Light Trapping and Alternative Electrodes for Organic Photovoltaic Devices". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Biomolekylär och Organisk Elektronik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17229.
Texto completoMakgae, Mosidi Elizabeth. "Environmental electrochemistry of organic compounds at metal oxide electrodes". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49947.
Texto completoENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates the electrochemical oxidation of phenol. Phenol is a major toxin and water pollutant. In addition, during water treatment it reacts with chlorine to produce carcinogenic chlorophenols. lts treatment down to trace levels is therefore of increasing concern. For this purpose, dynamically stable anodes for the breakdown of phenols to carbon dioxide or other less harmful substances were developed and characterized. The anodes were prepared from mixed oxides of tin (Sn) and the precious metals ruthenium (Ru), tantalum (Ta) and iridium (Ir), which in tum were prepared using sol-gel techniques. This involved dip-coating the aqueous salts of the respective metals onto titanium substrates and heating to temperatures of several hundreds of degree Celsius. The properties of these mixed oxide thin films were investigated and characterized using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), elemental dispersive energy X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and electrochemical measurements. A variety of different electrode materials including Til Sn02-Ru02-Ir02, Ti/Ta20s-Ir02 and Ti/RhOx-Ir02 were developed and tested for their potential as oxidation catalysts for organic pollutants in wastewaters. Depending on the anode type, phenol was found to be electrochemically degraded, to different extents, on these surfaces during electrolysis. It was however found that the oxidation rate not only depended on the chemical composition but also on the oxide morphology revealed, resulting from the preparation procedure. The Ti/SnOz-Ru02-Ir02 film was found to be the most efficient surface for the electrolytic breakdown of phenol. This film oxidized phenol at a potential of 200 mV vs Ag/AgC!. The activity of the catalytic systems was evaluated both on the basis of phenol removal efficiency as well as the kinetics of these reactions. Phenol removal efficiency was more than 90% for all the film surfaces prepared and the rate of the reaction followed first order kinetics. A pathway for the electrochemical degradation of phenol was derived using techniques such as HPLC to identify the breakdown products. These pathway products included the formation of benzoquinone and the further oxidation of benzoquinone to the carboxylic acids malic, malonic and oxalic.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die onderwerp van hierdie studie is die elektrochemiese oksidasie van fenol deur nuwe gemengde-oksied elektrodes. Fenol is 'n belangrike gifstof en besoedelingsmiddel in water. Daarbenewens kan fenolook met chloor reageer tydens waterbehandeling om sodoende karsinogeniese chlorofenole te vorm. Dit is dus belangrik dat metodes ondersoek word wat die konsentrasie van fenol in water verminder. Hierdie studie behels die bereiding en karakterisering van nuwe dinamiese stabiele anodes (DSA) vir die afbreek van fenol tot koolstofdioksied en ander minder gevaarlike verbindings. Hierdie nuwe anodes is berei vanaf die gemengde-okside van die edelmetale tin (Sn), ruthenium (Ru), tantalum (Ta) en iridium (Ir), met behulp van sol-gel tegnieke. Die finale stap in die bereiding behels kalsinering van die oksides by temperature van "n paar honderd grade Celsius. Hierdie nuwe elektrodes is later gebruik om die oksidasie van fenol te evalueer. Die gemengde-oksied dunlae/anodes IS d.m.v. die volgende analitiesetegnieke gekarakteriseer: termiese-gravimetriese analise (TGA), skandeerelektronmikroskopie (SEM), atoomkragmikroskopie (AFM), elementverstrooiingsenergie- X-straalanalise (EDX), X-straaldiffraksie (XRD), Rutherford terug-verstrooiingspektroskopie (RBS), partikel-geinduseerde X-straal emissie (PIXE), en elektrochemiese metings. 'n Verskeidenheid elektrodes van verskillende materiale is berei en hul potensiaal as oksidasie-kataliste vir organiese besoedelingsmiddels in afloopwater bepaal. Hierdie elektrodes het die volgende ingesluit: Ti/Sn02-Ru02-Ir02, Ti/Ta20s-Ir02 en Ti/RhOx-Ir02. Gedurende elektrolise is fenol elektrochemies afgebreek tot verskillende vlakke, afhangende van die tipe elektrode. Die oksidasietempo het egter nie alleen van die chemiese samestelling van die elektrode afgehang nie, maar ook van die morfologie van die okside, wat op hulle beurt van die voorbereidingsprosedure afgehang het. Daar is bevind dat die Ti/Sn02-Ru02-Ir02 elektrode die mees effektiewe oppervlakke vir die afbreek van fenol is. Hier het die oksidasie van fenol by 'n potensiaal van 200 mV plaasgevind. Die aktiwiteite van die katalitiese sisteme IS bepaal op grond van hulle fenolverwyderingsdoeltreffendheid. Die kinetika van die reaksies is ook bepaal. Al die elektrodes het >90% fenolverwyderingsdoeltreffendheid getoon en die reaksietempos was van die eerste-orde. Deur van analitiese tegnieke soos hoëdrukvloeistofchromatografie (HPLC) gebruik te maak is die afbreekprodukte van fenol geïdentifiseer en 'n skema vir die elektrochemiese afbreek van fenol uitgewerk. Daar is bevind dat bensokinoon gevorm het, wat later oksidasie ondergaan het om karboksielsure te vorm.
Bormann, Jan Ludwig. "Transparent Silver Nanowire Bottom Electrodes in Organic Solar Cells". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-216346.
Texto completoOrganische Solarzellen (OSZ) sind ein junges Forschungsgebiet der Photovoltaik, welches neue Anwendungsgebiete erschließt, für die herkömmliche anorganische Solarzellen nicht einsetzbar sind. Einige der Haupteigenschaften sind Flexibilität, niedriges Gewicht, Teiltransparenz und geringe Herstellungskosten. Indiumzinnoxid (ITO), der aktuelle Industriestandard transparenter Elektrodentechnologie, ist nicht in der Lage, diese Eigenschaften zu gewährleisten. Dies liegt vor allem an der Brüchigkeit von ITO und der begrenzten Verfügbarkeit von Indium, welche mit einem hohen Preis einhergeht. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation ist die Integration einer alternativen und vielversprechenden Elektrodentechnologie: Netzwerke aus Silbernanodrähten (AgNWs). Mit einem Schichtwiderstand von 12 Ohm/sq bei einer Transmission von 84% (inklusive Glassubstrat) besitzen sie ähnliche oder sogar bessere optische und elektrische Eigenschaften als ITO. Des Weiteren sind AgNW-Elektroden flexibler und kostengünstiger als ITO und aus flüssiger Phase prozessierbar. Es gibt allerdings zwei Herausforderungen, welche die Integration als Grundelektrode in OSZ erschweren. Zum einen sind AgNW-Netzwerke sehr rauh, sodass organische Bauteile kurzgeschlossen werden. Zum anderen weisen AgNW-Elektroden, im Gegensatz zu einer vollflächigen ITO-Schicht, Lücken zwischen den einzelnen Drähten auf. Diese Lücken müssen von den organischen Schichten der OSZ elektrisch überbrückt werden. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden daher flüssigprozessierte Ladungsträgertransportschichten aus kleinen Molekülen untersucht, welche die AgNW-Elektroden glätten und die verhältnismäßig großen Lücken füllen sollen. Im Falle von Lochleitschichten (HTL) wird BF-DPB als Matrix und NDP9 als Dotand in Tetrahydrofuran gelöst und zur Anwendung gebracht. BF-DPB wird dabei schon in Lösung von NDP9 dotiert, wobei sich ein Hybridmolekülkomplex ausbildet. Die Leitfähigkeit der entstehenden Schichten ist ähnlich zu Referenzschichten, die durch thermisches Verdampfen im Hochvakuum hergestellt wurden. Die erhaltenen HTLs glätten die AgNW-Elektroden, sodass DCV5T-Me:C60-Solarzellen mit einer Effizienz von maximal 4.4% hergestellt werden können. Weiterhin wird der Einfluss der quadratmikrometergroßen Löcher auf die makroskopische Effizienz der Solarzelle in Abhängigkeit der HTL Leitfähigkeit untersucht. Um signifikante Effizienzverluste zu verhindern, muss der HTL eine minimale Leitfähigkeit von etwa 1e−4 S/cm aufweisen. Simulationen eines Ersatzschaltkreises bestätigen hierbei die experimentellen Ergebnisse. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wird eine Planarisierungsmethode untersucht, in welcher die AgNWs in nichtleitfähigen Polymeren eingebettet werden. Diese Polymere fungieren anschließend als flexibles Substrat. Der optische Kleber ”NOA63” erzielt hierbei die besten Ergebnisse. Die Rauheit der AgNW-Elektroden wird von etwa 30 nm auf 1 bis 3 nm stark reduziert. Anschließend werden diese AgNW-Elektroden in zwei unterschiedlichen OSZ Konfigurationen getestet und mit einer vollflexiblen Schicht aus Aluminiumoxid gegen Wasserdampfpermeation verkapselt. Somit können maximale Effizienzen von 5% mithilfe einer organischen Kaskadenstruktur und 5.6% mit DCV5T-Me:C60 OSZ erreicht werden. Um die Anwendbarkeit dieser vollflexiblen und verkapselten OSZ zu bewerten, werden Alterungsstudien unter konstanter Beleuchtung und feuchtem Klima durchgeführt. Es wird gezeigt, dass die in das Polymer eingebettete AgNW-Elektrode aufgrund von Photooxidation und -schwefelung und Photo- und Elektromigration instabil ist. Dieser Sachverhalt ist für die Anwendung von AgNW-Elektroden in kommerziellen OSZ von großer Bedeutung und wurde in der Forschung bisher nicht ausreichend thematisiert
Park, Yoonseok. "Light trapping substrates and electrodes for flexible organic photovoltaics". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-219686.
Texto completoOrganische Photovoltaik ist einer der vielversprechendsten Kandidaten für die zukünftige Solarstromgewinnung auf flexiblen Substraten. Um diese Flexibilität zu ermöglichen, sind herkömliche Glassubstrate mit ITO-Elektroden zu spröde. Ein vielversprechender Kandidat, um sowohl flexible Elektroden als auch flexible Substrate herzustellen, sind Polymere, da diese sehr biegsam und leicht zu verarbeiten sind. Deshalb wird in dieser Arbeit das hoch transparente, leitfähige Polymer PEDOT:PSS als Elektrode und PET (mit einer AlOx Verkapselungsschicht) als Substrat untersucht. Aufgrund der guten Prozessierbarkeit der Polymere konnten wir zusätzlich zu den eigentlichen Funktionen des Substrates und der Elektrode noch den Mechanismus des Lichteinfangs hinzufügen. Zusätzlich zu ihrer Flexibilität haben organische Solarzellen noch weitere Vorteile: sie sind dünn, leicht, skalierbar und verursachen vergleichsweise geringe Kosten für Herstellung und Installation. Ein Nachteil organischer Solarzellen ist die vergleichsweise geringe Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeit der Absorbermaterialien, welche oft die Schichtdicke der Absorbermaterialien begrenzt. Dies hat weniger absorbierte Photonen, weniger Stromdichte und somit einen geringeren Wirkungsgrad zur Folge. In den letzten Jahren wurden periodisch strukturierte Substrate und streuende Schichten als Lichteinfangelemente eingesetzt, um den Wirkungsgrad organischer Solarzellen mit dünnen Absorberschichten zu erhöhen. Gestaltungsregeln für solche Lichteinfangelemente sind noch weitestgehend unbekannt. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit strukturieren wir PET Substrate mit einem direkten Laserinterferenzsystem, welches ein leistungsfähiges, skalierbares Einschrittverfahren zur Polymerstrukturierung ist. Da PEDOT:PSS aus der Lösung prozessiert wird, können wir weiterhin Nanopartikel hinzufügen, die der Elektrode zusätzlich noch lichtstreuende Eigenschaften geben. Außerdem können 2- bzw. 3-dimensionale Nanostrukturen leicht mithilfe einer Stempeltechnik eingeprägt werden. Um die Effekte des Lichteinfangs, welcher durch die oben genannten Methoden erzeugt wird, zu untersuchen, werden flexible organische Solarzellen mittels Vakuumverdampfung prozessiert. DCV5T-Me und C60 bilden dabei die photoaktive Schicht. Somit werden die Licht fangenden Eigenschaften dieser flexiblen Solarzellen ausgenutzt und ausführlich in der Arbeit diskutiert
Lee, Min-Hsuan. "Solution-processable organic-inorganic hybrid transparent electrode for optoelectronic applications". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2016. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/320.
Texto completoChari, Tarun. "Reduced graphene oxide based transparent electrodes for organic electronic devices". Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104534.
Texto completoCette thèse examine l'utilité de l'oxyde de graphène réduit et de l'hybride oxyde de graphène réduit et nanotubes carbone en fonction d'une utilisation comme électrode transparente. L'oxyde de graphène a été fabriqué par la méthode de Hummers modifié puis a été transféré sur un substrat arbitraire par la méthode de filtration avec suction à vide, et a été réduit chimiquement et thermiquement pour créer des feuilles d'oxyde de graphène réduit qui sont minces et qui couvrent une grande surface. Les feuilles ont été caractérisées par des mesures électriques, optiques, spectroscopiques, et topographiques. Les spectroscopies Raman et par photoélectron induits par rayons-X ont été utilisées pour s'assurer que la fabrication de l'oxyde de graphène reduit a été obtenue. Les électrodes d'oxyde de graphène reduit montrent des résistances de feuille de 10– 100 kΩ/sq avec des transparences entre 60 – 90 %. Pour améliorer ces propriétés, des nanotube de carbone monoparois ont été introduits pendant le processus de filtration pour séparer les nanoplatelets d'oxyde de graphène et pour éviter la déformation structurelle pendant la processus de réduction. Ce dopage de nanotubes a diminué la résistance de feuille par un facteur deux pour des proportion faibles de nanotubes avec l'oxyde de graphène, mais a augmenté la resistance pour les hautes proportions. Les électrodes d'oxyde de graphène reduit et les électrodes hybrides nanotubes/oxyde de graphène reduit ont été utilisées dans des dispositifs optoélectroniques organiques; spécialement des diodes électroluminescentes et des cellules solaires. Les diodes électroluminescentes organiques ont des rendements de courant inferieurs à 1 cd/A et les cellules solaire ont des rendements de puissance inferieurs à 1 % pour les deux types d'életrodes: oxyde de graphène réduit et hybrides.
Zhao, Shishan. "Bioelectrocatalysis at organic conducting salt electrodes : mechanism and biosensor development". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70278.
Texto completoThe redox chemistry of the coenzyme, pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), has been investigated in detail as a function of metal complex formation and pH. The characterization of PQQ and its metal complexes provides insight into the redox chemistry of the 15-lipoxygenase active site.
A biosensor involving the coupling of a PQQ-enzyme, methanol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.8.), to a TTFTCNQ electrode has been developed. Characterization of this enzyme membrane electrode shows that the substrate-reduced enzyme is rapidly turned over at the TTFTCNQ electrode whereas no turnover is evident at a conventional electrode. Enzyme properties (K$ sb{ rm me},$ stability, T$ sb{ rm sensitivity},$ pH dependence, substrate selectivity), when interfaced to the electrode, are reported.
Cruz, Hugo Cardoso da. "Development of electrodes in polymeric flexible substrates for organic biosensors". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16270.
Texto completoThe increase of organic electronics and consequently, the development of sensors based on organic polymers have attracted a lot of attention of the scientific community. Intrigued by these multifunctional, easily processed and low cost materials, it has started to develop odour biosensors for different applications, including medical field and the detection of various diseases. The present work, is focused in the scaling-up of a devoted laboratory approach, in particular concerning the development of organic odour biosensors (electronic nose concept) based on a conductive polymer (PEDOT:PSS) in a pre-industrial approach and produced by means of electronic printing techniques, such as screen printing and slot die. New carbon microelectrodes with different geometrical parameters were designed and processed by the screen printing technique. Further, the slot die technique was applied in order to print the PEDOT:PSS film over the microelectrodes. After the fabrication process, the sensors were morphologically characterized by optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, profilometry and electrically identified by the two points probe method. The sensors were tested with the use of different analytes with the main focus on two gynaecological analytes. The resistive and capacitive electrical sensor responses for the analytes were analysed and discussed in depth. Important results were obtained with regard to the influence of the geometrical parameters of the carbon microelectrodes and also to the polymer thickness. Finally, the tests on the sensors were also carried out with the use of other analytes which contained blue cheese.
O desenvolvimento de eletrónica orgânica e consequentemente o desenvolvimento de sensores baseados em polímeros orgânicos, atraíram a atenção da comunidade científica. Motivada pela multifuncionalidade, fácil processamento e baixo custo destes materiais, novos biossensores de odor para diversas aplicações começaram a ser desenvolvidos, incluindo na área médica, para a deteção de doenças. Este trabalho, baseou-se no processo de “scaling-up” de um trabalho prévio que teve um objetivo meramente laboratorial, em particular no desenvolvimento de biossensores orgânicos de odor (conceito de nariz eletrónico), baseados em polímeros orgânicos (PEDOT:PSS) num paradigma pré industrial e fabricados pelo meio de técnicas de impressão de eletrónica orgânica, tais como screen printing e slot die. Foram desenhados novos microelétrodos de carbono com diferentes parâmetros geométricos que foram posteriormente produzidos por screen printing. Através da técnica de impressa de slot die, foram posteriormente impresso filmes de PEDOT:PSS sobre os microelétrodos. Após o processo de fabrico, os sensores foram morfologicamente caraterizados por microscopia ótica, microscopia de força atómica, perfilometria e eletricamente caraterizados através da técnica de duas pontas. Os sensores foram testados para diferentes analitos, nomeadamente para dois analitos ginecológicos. A resposta resistiva e capacitiva dos sensores expostos aos analitos, foi obtida e analisada, com especial atenção na influência dos parâmetros geométricos dos microelétrodos de carbono e também na espessura do polímero. Por fim, os sensores foram também testados para outros analitos compostos por queijo azul.
Chang, Ci'En Sharon. "Graphene modified indium tin oxide electrodes for organic solar cells". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/27645.
Texto completoMandelli, Jaqueline Stecanela. "Inkjet printing of flexible organic electrodes for tissue engineering applications". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/103419.
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A tecnologia de impressão por jato de tinta vem demonstrando ser capaz de imprimir todos os materiais necessários para a fabricação de circuitos integrados, apresentando baixos custos de fabricação quando comparada às técnicas convencionais utilizadas com silício. Com o advento da eletrônica orgânica, uma ampla gama de materiais tornou-se disponível e a fabricação de dispositivos com propriedades únicas com a interface biológica é agora possível. Um exemplo importante é a utilização de eletrodos metálicos revestidos com polímeros condutores implantados no sistema nervoso central, proporcionando estimulação elétrica aos neurônios. Este trabalho relata a fabricação de dispositivos orgânicos biocompatíveis por meio da tecnologia de impressão por jato de tinta, utilizando-se uma nova combinação de materiais. Os dispositivos foram fabricados sobre um substrato de Parileno C (PaC), um polímero flexível e biocompatível. As linhas condutoras foram impressas utilizando-se uma tinta de nanopartículas de prata, enquanto os sítios ativos foram impressos usando-se uma tinta de poli (3,4-etilenodioxitiofeno)/poliestireno sulfonado (PEDOT: PSS). Para isolar o dispositivo final foi utilizada uma tinta de poliimida para imprimir uma espessa película sobre o dispositivo, deixando pequenas janelas abertas sobre os sítios ativos de PEDOT:PSS. Caracterização elétrica do dispositivo final e avaliação de sua interface com a biologia (testes de cultura de células) foram realizadas. Os resultados mostram que um dispositivo biocompatível e de baixo custo pode ser produzido por escrita direta sem quaisquer técnicas de pre-patterning ou de auto-alinhamento, utilizando-se tintas orgânicas.
Abstract : Inkjet printing has been demonstrated to be able to print all materials required for integrated circuits at low costs when compared to conventional silicon processing. With the advent of organic electronics, a wide range of materials became available and the fabrication of devices with unique properties for interfacing with biology is now possible. One important example is the use of conducting polymer coatings on metal electrodes that are implanted in the central nervous system, which provides electrical stimulation of neurons. This work reports on the fabrication of biocompatible organic devices by means of inkjet printing with a novel combination of materials. The devices were fabricated on Parylene C (PaC), a biocompatible, flexible polymer substrate. The contact tracks were printed using a silver nanoparticle ink, while the active sites were inkjet printed using a poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) solution. To insulate the final device, a polyimide ink was used to print a thick film, leaving small opened windows upon the active sites. Electrical characterization of the final device and evaluation of its interface with biology (cells culture assays) were performed. The results show that inexpensive and biocompatible devices can be produced by direct writing without any pre-patterning or self-alignment techniques using organic inks.
Cuentas, Gallegos Ana Karina. "Organic/inorganic hibrid materials based on conducting organic polymers as electrodes for energy storage devices". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3163.
Texto completoWu, Weimin. "Materials for organic memory devices". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2009. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1084.
Texto completoPark, Hyesung Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Application of CVD graphene in organic photovoltaics as transparent conducting electrodes". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84386.
Texto completoCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 184-191).
Graphene, a hexagonal arrangement of carbon atoms forming a one-atom thick planar sheet, has gained much attention due to its remarkable physical properties. Apart from the micromechanical cleavage of highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), several alternate methods have been explored to achieve reliable and repeatable synthesis of large-area graphene sheets. Among these, the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process has been demonstrated as an efficient way of producing continuous, large area graphene films and the synthesis of graphene sheets up to 30-inch has been reported. Similar to graphene research, solar cells based on organic materials have also drawn significant attention as a possible candidate for the generation of clean electricity over conventional inorganic photovoltaics due to the interesting properties of organic semiconductors such as high absorption coefficients, light weight and flexibility, and potentially low-cost, high throughput fabrication processes. Transparent conducting electrodes (TCE) are widely used in organic photovoltaics, and metal oxides such as indium tin oxide (ITO) have been commonly used as window electrodes. Usually used as thin films, these materials require low sheet resistance (Rsh) with high transparency (T). Currently the dominant material used in the industry standard is ITO. However, these materials are not ideal options for organic photovoltaic applications due to several reasons: (1) non-uniform absorption across the visible to near infrared region; (2) chemical instability; (3) metal oxide electrodes easily fracture under large bending, and they are not suitable for flexible solar cell applications; (4) limited availability of indium on the earth leading to increasing costs with time. Therefore, the need for alternative/replacement materials for ITO is ever increasing and ideally need to be developed with the following characteristics: low-cost, mechanically robust, transparent, electrically conductive, and ultimately should demonstrate comparable or better performance compared to ITO-based photovoltaic devices. With superior flexibility and good electrical conductivity, as well as abundance of source material (carbon) at lower costs compared to ITO, in this thesis, we propose that the CVD graphene can be a suitable candidate material as TCE in organic photovoltaic applications, satisfying the aforementioned requirements.
by Hyesung Park.
Ph.D.
Bachman, John Christopher. "Organic electrodes and solid-state electrolytes for lithium electrochemical energy storage". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111719.
Texto completoCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Viable electrical energy storage is essential for the development of sustainable energy technologies, such as renewable power and electric vehicles. Electrochemical energy storage devices are promising candidates for these applications, and lithium-ion batteries are the leading available technology. However, the current cost and performance of these devices limit their widespread adoption. In this thesis, we develop materials and design guidelines for positive electrodes and solid-state electrolytes to address these challenges. The positive electrode is one of the main limitations to improving both the capacity and cost of lithium-ion batteries. Organic molecules represent a class of materials, which if selected correctly, can address these issues. The electrochemical properties of various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are organic molecules produced in significant quantities as industrial waste products, were investigated for use as positive electrodes. By introducing PAHs within a functionalized few-walled carbon nanotube (FWNT) matrix, we developed high-energy and high-power positive electrodes. The redox potential and capacity of various PAHs were correlated with their chemical and electronic structures, and their interaction with the functionalized FWNT matrix. Another challenge limiting the adoption of lithium-ion batteries is the flammability and instability of the organic liquid electrolyte, which increases the risk of dangerous battery failures and limits the use of higher energy-density electrodes. One promising solution is to replace the organic liquid electrolyte with a solid-state lithium-ion conductor. However, the ionic conductivity of solid-state electrolytes are typically several orders of magnitude lower than organic liquid electrolytes. Using lattice dynamics, we developed a framework to understand the migration of lithium through crystalline solid-state electrolytes. The understanding of the use of organic materials in positive electrodes and solid-state lithium-ion conductors as electrolytes provides insight for the design of next-generation electrochemical energy storage solutions.
by John Christopher Bachman.
Ph. D.
Park, Jeongwon. "Electronic properties of organic thin film transistors with nanoscale tapered electrodes". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3316420.
Texto completoTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed September 4, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-82).
Jackson, Roderick Kinte'. "Development of single wall carbon nanotube transparent conductive electrodes for organic electronics". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29635.
Texto completoCommittee Chair: Graham, Samuel; Committee Member: Garimella, Srinivas; Committee Member: Kippelen, Bernard; Committee Member: Melkote, Shreyes; Committee Member: Ready, Jud. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
Jansen, Rolf. "N4-Chelatelektroden für die organische Elektrosynthese, N4-chelate electrodes for organic electrosyntheses". Gerhard-Mercator-Universitaet Duisburg, 2002. http://www.ub.uni-duisburg.de/ETD-db/theses/available/duett-01252002-084816/.
Texto completoCASTRO, ROSALIA KRUGER DE. "DEVELOPMENT OF FLEXIBLE ELECTRODES AND POLIMERIC SUBSTRATES APPLIED TO ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=36035@1.
Texto completoCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
Nesta tese de doutoramento apresentamos a fabricação e a caracterização de dispositivos fotovoltaicos orgânicos (OPVs) fabricados a partir de eletrodos de grafeno e de substratos híbridos flexíveis à base de polímeros recobertos com um filme fino condutor. Para isso, inicialmente sintetizamos filmes de grafeno através da técnica de deposição química em fase de vapor (CVD), seguido de modificações no processo de transferência do grafeno para o substrato desejado. Nesta etapa, desenvolvemos uma nova metodologia utilizando uma blenda condutora de EPDM-PAni que simplifica o processo de transferência e melhora as propriedades elétricas do grafeno. Em outro momento, otimizamos diferentes substratos híbridos à base de polímeros de PVC, PVA e celulose bacteriana (BC) recobertos com um filme fino condutor de ITO. Tanto os substratos híbridos flexíveis, quanto os filmes de grafeno, foram investigados por transmitância ótica e resistência de folha a fim de avaliar os seus potenciais uso para as aplicações em OPVs. Por fim, fabricamos diversas estruturas de OPVs, tanto com o grafeno como eletrodo condutor, quanto usando os substratos híbridos flexíveis. Estes dispositivos foram caracterizados principalmente através das suas curvas características JxV, no escuro e sob iluminação. Além disso, realizamos ciclos de flexão/extensão de alguns dispositivos a fim de avaliar seu comportamento frente aos esforços mecânicos a estes submetidos. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os filmes de grafeno fabricados são promissores para a aplicação como eletrodo condutor transparente em OPVs e que os substratos híbridos investigados podem ser utilizados em dispositivos flexíveis, visto que apresentaram comportamento semelhante aos substratos inorgânicos comumente utilizados.
In this doctoral thesis we present the fabrication and characterization of organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs) assembled onto graphene electrodes and flexible hybrid polymers-based substrates coated with a conductive thin film. For this, initially the graphene films were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique, followed by modifications in the transfer process of the graphene to the desired substrate. In this step, we developed a new methodology using an EPDM-PAni conductive blend that simplifies the transfer process and improves the electric properties of graphene. We also used another approach which consists in optimizing different hybrid substrates based on PVC, PVA and bacterial cellulose (BC) polymers coated with an ITO conductive thin film. The flexible hybrid substrates as well as the graphene films were investigated by optical transmittance and sheet resistance in order to evaluate their potential use for OPVs applications. Finally, we fabricate various structures of OPVs, using graphene as a conducting electrode, well as using flexible hybrid substrates. Such devices were characterized mainly through their dark and light J×V characteristic curves. In addition, we performed flexion/extension cycles in some devices in order to evaluate their behavior against the mechanical stresses submitted to them. The results showed that the graphene films are a promising material for the application as a transparent conductive electrode in OPVs and the hybrid substrates investigated can be used in flexible devices, since they presented similar behavior to the commonly used inorganic substrates.
Paniagua, Barrantes Sergio. "Interfacial engineering of transparent electrodes and nanoparticles with phosphonic acids and metal-organic dopants for organic electronic applications". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52920.
Texto completoZhang, Di y 张笛. "Transparent electrode design and interface engineering for high performance organic solar cells". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/202360.
Texto completopublished_or_final_version
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
Zilberberg, Kirill [Verfasser]. "Solution-processed charge extraction interlayers and electrodes for organic solar cells / Kirill Zilberberg". Wuppertal : Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1063046637/34.
Texto completoTakeuchi, Saya. "Studies on Electrochemical Properties of Graphite Electrodes in Organic Electrolytes Containing Calcium Salts". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/174952.
Texto completoJoa, Susan Louise. "Electrochemical and Raman spectroscopic investigations of butanol isomers at silver and gold electrodes". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185967.
Texto completoPirzado, Azhar Ali Ayaz. "Integration of few kayer graphene nanomaterials in organic solar cells as (transparent) conductor electrodes". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAD016/document.
Texto completoGraphene mate rials have been researched as viable alternatives of transparent conductors electrodes (TCEs) in this thesis. Current study focuses on few layer graphene (FLG), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and their hybrids with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for TCE applications inorganic solar cells (OSCs). FLGs and rGOs have been prepared by mechanical and microwave-assisted exfoliation methods. This films of these materials have been produced by hot-spray method. Results of charge transport characterizations by four-point probes, transparency (UV-Vis), measurements, along with morphological (SEM, TEM) and topgraphic (AFM) studies of films have been presented. UPS studies were performed to determine for a work-function. XPS,Raman and Photoluminescence studies have been employed to obtain the information about the structural quality of the samples
Kinner, Lukas. "Flexible transparent electrodes for optoelectronic devices". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22419.
Texto completoTransparent electrodes (TEs) are a key element in optoelectronics. TEs assure simultaneous light interaction with the active device layers and efficient charge carrier injection or extraction. The most widely used TE in today’s industry is indium tin oxide (ITO). However, there are downsides to the use of ITO. The scope of this thesis is to discuss alternatives to ITO. Two main approaches are examined in this thesis - one approach is based on using dielectric/metal/dielectric (DMD) films and the other is based on using silver nanowire (NW) films. For the first approach, a combination of sputtered TiOx/Ag/AZO was found to yield the highest transmittance and conductivity ever reported for an electrode on PET with an average transmittance larger than 85 % (including the substrate) in the range 400-700 nm and sheet resistance below 6 Ω/sq. To test the device performance of TiOx/Ag/AZO, DMD electrodes were implemented in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). DMD-based devices achieve up to 260 % higher efficacy on PET, as compared to the ITO-based reference devices. As a second approach, NWs were investigated. The implementation of silver nanowires as TEs in solution processed organic light emitting diodes still faces two major challenges: high roughness of nanowire films and heat sensitivity of PET. Therefore, within this thesis, an embedding process with different variations is elaborated to obtain highly conductive and transparent electrodes of NWs on flexible PET substrates. The NWs are embedded into a UV-curable polymer, to reduce the electrode roughness and to enhance its stability. A a transmittance of 80 % (including the substrate) and sheet resistance of 13 Ω/sq is achieved.
Kriegisch, Volker. "Electron transfer processes between organic redox centres and electrodes via active bridges in self-assembled monolayers". Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=978743814.
Texto completoXie, Zhaoming. "Electrochemical wastewater treatment for denitrification and toxic organic degradation using Ti-based SnO2 and RuO2 electrodes". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37824120.
Texto completoCanestraro, Carla Daniele. "Electrical and optical properties of thin film SnO₂ and SnO₂:F : transparent electrodes in organic photovoltiaics /". Stockholm : Materials Science and Engineering (Materialvetenskap), Kungliga Tekniskan högskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4832.
Texto completoXie, Zhaoming y 謝昭明. "Electrochemical wastewater treatment for denitrification and toxic organic degradation using Ti-based SnO2 and RuO2 electrodes". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37824120.
Texto completoSelzer, Franz Verfasser], Karl [Akademischer Betreuer] [Leo y Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] Nüesch. "Transparent Electrodes for Organic Solar Cells / Franz Selzer. Betreuer: Karl Leo. Gutachter: Karl Leo ; Frank Nüesch". Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1095395467/34.
Texto completoKim, Hyeok. "Improving charge injection in organic field-effect transistors by surface modification of source and drain electrodes". Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC089.
Texto completoA prospect of flexible electronics lines with the development of high performance organic field effect transistors (OFETs) that enables cost-effective and large-area electronic devices such as flexible displays, smart cards and sensors. In order to improve the electrical performance of OFETs, a crucial issue concerning charge injection at the interface of electrode/organic semiconductor is recently rising. The dissertation is dedicated to investigate charge injection via the modification of electrodes with self assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on biphenyl backbone bearing extremely lower resistance to its counterpart with aikyl chain and its application to organic electronic devices. Functionalized SAMs with fluorine at the end group plays a substantial role to improve charge injection through a dipolar effect to decrease barrier height at the electrode/semiconductor interface and a better morphology of organic semiconductor both in a planar diode and OFETs. Morphological characterization on SAMs to determine the orientation of the molecules renders an effective application of SAMs to elaborate highly improved electronic devices. Augmented charge injection through the introduction of fluorinated biphenyl thiol (FBPS) leads largely enhanced current density and clear observation of space-charge limited current (SCLC) as compared to the cases of biphenyl thiol (BPS) and bare Au in planar diodes. This is extended to significant enhancement of electrical performance such as field effect mobility and contact resistance in OFET. Moreover, improved charge injection through the modification of electrodes with functionalized SAMs is also exhibited by the intervention of silane anchoring group to the SAMs in planar diodes