Tesis sobre el tema "Ordonnancement de projet"
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Kadrou, Youness. "Ordonnancement de projet à moyens limités avec flexibilité de ressources". Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2097.
Texto completoThe scheduling problem under study may be viewed as an extension of the standard Multi-mode Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (MRCPSP) including Multi-Skilled Labor and will be called as MRCPSP-MS. This problem requires an integration of resource limitation, labor skills, and multiple possible execution modes for each task, and the objective is to minimize the overall project duration. Our approach was first to introduce briefly the project scheduling theory, then to address the different resolution procedures which have been reported in literature for the RCPSP problem. In a second step, we have discussed and proposed two constructive heuristics. The first one, is a parallel scheduling heuristic, called MMSH, which enumerates at each time decision all the non-dominated schedulable activity-mode combinations and schedule the one with the best performance. The second approach is serial heuristic which optimally insert activities one by one into a partial schedule. This shows that insertion techniques have great importance in solving RCPSP and its extensions. In the second step of the problem resolution, three metaheuristics are designed, namely, Tabu Search, Genetic Algorithm and the hybridization of these two methods. The effectiveness of the methods is demonstrated through extensive experimentation on different standard and new benchmarks instances and proves that our results are competitive
Masmoudi, Malek. "Planification et ordonnancement de projet sous incertitudes : application à la maintenance d'hélicoptères". Phd thesis, Ecole nationale superieure de l'aeronautique et de l'espace, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665403.
Texto completoMorin, Pierre-Antoine. "Planification et ordonnancement de projets sous contraintes de ressources complexes". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30291/document.
Texto completoThe project structure arises in many fields of industry and services. It consists in performing a set of activities that may be linked by precedence relations, and use resources whose capacity is limited. The objective is to minimize a criterion usually linked to the duration or the cost of the project. Most of project scheduling problems in the literature assume that the same time scale should be used to determine activity start and completion dates and check resource constraints at each time. However, although it is often required in practice to build a precise schedule specifying the execution range of each activity, the resource usage can be evaluated on an aggregated basis, like worker shifts. In this thesis, a new model that enables the integration of these two time scales is presented in order to define the periodically aggregated resource-constrained project scheduling problem (PARCPSP). This problem is studied within the framework of complexity theory and several structural properties are established, highlighting major differences with the standard resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP). These properties allow deriving exact formulations based on integer linear programming, whose linear relaxations are compared. Moreover, several heuristics, such as schedule generations schemes, or an approached method based on a multi time scale iterative process, are proposed. Experimental results show the interest of these different methods and point out the intractability of the problem
Wang, Xixi. "Ordonnancement de projet avec contraintes de ressources et aide à la décision multi-objectif". Thesis, Troyes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TROY0022.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the multi-objective Resource Constraint Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP). After a specific literature review, we solve the problem with exact approaches in the first place: the Two Phases Method and the Parallel Partitioning Method. Due to the NP-hardness of the problem, the exact methods are only able to solve small instances. For this reason, we apply the approximated methods to deal with larger problems. The genetic algorithms are firstly adopted to solve large-scaled instances. Moreover, we propose to improve the basic scheme with several hybridizations. A local search with Mapping Method is applied for a better exploration of the solution space. Next, we consider a special case where the decision-makers wish to reduce the number of solutions. Thus, in this part of the thesis, we try to select the most interesting solutions among the whole non-dominated front. For this purpose, several dominance relationships are considered as alternatives of the Pareto dominance. These dominance rules are implemented in the basic genetic algorithm schemes, as well as those with local search. The results show that the considered hybridizations enhance highly the basic method results. Our future research will highlight more complex multi-objective RCPSP problems and the industrial application
Arroub, Marouane. "Modélisation et résolution d'un problème d'ordonnancement de projet à moyens limités, multi-modes avec contrainte de compétence et temps de transit". Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT2030.
Texto completoWe discuss the problem of project scheduling encountered in aircraft assembly workshop. The scheduling problem under study may be viewed as a new extension of the standard Ressource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP for short). We generalize the multi resource and multi mode RCPSP with resource flexibility by additionally including calendars, skill constraints, transfers resources and specifics constraints. A mathematical formulation, two heuristics and a metaheuristic are proposed to solve this strongly NP hard problem, and they are compared with some methods of the literature
Demassey, Sophie Michelon Philippe. "Méthodes hybrides de programmation par contraintes et programmation linéaire pour le problème d'ordonnancement de projet à contrainte de ressources". Villeurbanne : TEL, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/29/35/64/PDF/demassey03phd.pdf.
Texto completoMontoya, casas Carlos Eduardo. "Nouvelles méthodes pour le problème de gestion de projet multi-compétence". Phd thesis, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789769.
Texto completoKoné, Oumar. "Nouvelles approches pour la résolution du problème d'ordonnancement de projet à moyens limités". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/681/.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we studied two types of scheduling problems. The major part concerns the Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP). The scheduling problem of handling operations in a warehouse of Crossdocking is also dealt. First, from models using mixed integer linear programming, we proposed two new formulations of this problem, using variables indexed by events. In one of them, we use a binary variable to mark the beginning of the performing of each activity and another variable to mark its end. In the second proposal, a single variable is used. It identifies events in which the activity starts or continues its performing. Overall, compared to other models in the literature on various types of instances, our proposals show more interesting results on the instances with long scheduling horizons containing activities with disparate durations. In particular, on the highly cumulative instances (basic characteristics of RCPSP) of these types of instances, they are the most efficient. We also treat the resolution of the extension of the RCPSP which consists in taking into account specific resources that can be consumed during the performing of each activity, but also produced in another quantity at the end of performing of each activity: it is the RCPSP with consumption and production of resources. To make a comparison between different experimental models, we proposed an adaptation of our event-based formulations, the discrete-time formulations of Pritsker and Christofides, and the flow-based continuous-time formulation (proposed by Artigues on basis of the work of Balas). Overall, the results show that our event-based formulations are most successful on many types of instances. Second, in one less extensive part, we proposed a branch-and-bound using some cuts based on the Pareto frontier for the resolution of the scheduling problem of handling operations in a warehouse of Crossdocking. The excellent results obtained, which had strengthened our questions about the non-proved complexity of this problem, have contributed to establish later that this problem is of polynomial complexity
ENES, DA SILVEIRA PAULO. "Structuration dynamique des connaissances : plan/projet/action". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066626.
Texto completoGalvagnon, Vincent. "Aide à la décision en gestion multi-projet distribuée : approche locale pour la planification à moyen terme". École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (Toulouse ; 1972-2007), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ESAE0024.
Texto completoDemassey, Sophie. "Méthodes hybrides de programmation par contraintes et programmation linéaire pour le problème d'ordonnancement de projet à contrainte de ressources". Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00293564.
Texto completoLa réputation d'extrême difficulté du RCPSP a mené nombre de chercheurs à proposer de nouvelles méthodes de résolution exacte toujours plus performantes pour ce problème. Malgré cela, les instances de tailles réelles, qui se recontrent fréquemment, par exemple dans la gestion de production industrielle, sont encore loins d'être résolues optimalement. Il est donc intéressant, en combinant les acquis des travaux précédents, en particulier en programmation par contraintes (PPC) et en programmation linéaire (PL), de se pencher sur des méthodes exactes innovantes ou encore de développer des procédures d'évaluation par défaut, pour permettre une meilleure estimation de la performance des heuristiques sur le RCPSP. Ce travail de thèse entre dans ce cadre.
Dans un premier temps, nous nous attachons au calcul de bornes inférieures pour le RCPSP par relaxation lagrangienne. D'une part, nous cherchons à accélerer le calcul de la borne de Brucker et Knust (obtenue par hybridation de PPC et de génération de colonnes) en résolvant le programme linéaire sous-jacent par relaxation lagrangienne (méthodes de sous-gradient et de génération de contraintes). D'autre part, nous appliquons le même principe de relaxation lagrangienne, sur la formulation linéaire initiale de Mingozzi et al. dont est extraite la relaxation préemptive utilisée par Brucker et Knust. Une partie du problème se réduit alors, comme indiqué par Möhring et al., au calcul d'une coupe minimale dans un graphe.
Nous étudions ensuite, un second type de bornes inférieures, obtenu par des méthodes de coupes basées sur les relaxations continues de deux formulations linéaires entières. Ces programmes linéaires sont au préalable resserés par des techniques éprouvées de propagation de contraintes, dont la règle globale du shaving. L'originalité de notre méthode repose essentiellement dans la génération des coupes qui sont, en grande partie, directement déduites des règles de propagation de contraintes.
Enfin, nous proposons une méthode originale de résolution exacte pour le RCPSP, basée sur la procédure de Resolution Search de Chvàtal, une alternative aux méthodes de Branch-and-Bound classiques et qui se rapproche du Dynamic Backtracking en programmation par contraintes. Dans Resolution Search, l'espace de recherche ne se présente pas comme un arbre, puisqu'il s'agit, à chaque fois qu'un noeud terminal est rencontré, de rechercher par backtrakings successifs, les fixations minimales qui font de ce noeud un noeud terminal. L'ensemble des ces fixations est alors stocké de manière intelligente de façon à les exclure de l'espace de recherche. Resolution Search a été initialement développée pour la résolution de programmes linéaires en variables binaires, mais n'a semble-t'il jamais été employée dans le cadre de problèmes spécifiques.
Dans le but de prouver son efficacité, nous commencons par l'appliquer basiquement à deux formulations linéaires en variables binaires pour le RCPSP et la comparons à une version tout aussi basique de Branch-and-bound.
Nous en poursuivons l'étude en utilisant des règles de branchement et d'évaluation ayant déjà prouvé leur efficacité dans des implémentations classiques de méthodes arborescentes pour le RCPSP, telles que celles de Brucker et al., Carlier et Latapie, Demeulemeester et Herroelen.
Kadri, Roubila Lilia. "Généralisations du problème d'ordonnancement de projet à ressources limitées". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28302.
Texto completoThe resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) consists of scheduling a set of activities or tasks using one or more resource types available in limited quantity. In the standard version of this problem, pre-emption is not allowed, precedence relations are of the no-lag, finish-to-start type, and the used resources are renewable meaning that the same resources quantity are available each time period. Solving this NP-hard optimization problem requires the determination of tasks execution date such that the project duration is minimized without using more than the available resource quantities. In the first chapter of this thesis, the research problem and research objectives are presented while chapter 2 reviews the literature and contributions to the RCPSP and some of its extended versions. More than 125 published papers are reviewed. These contributions are divided into 4 groups of contributions. Those proposing optimal solution methods, those developing lower bounds on the project duration, those proposing heuristic and approximate solution methods, and those extending the standard version of the problem in order to make it closer to the real-life problem. This literature review revealed that very few contributions explicitly take into consideration the time required to transfer resources between execution sites of the project. Only three such contributions are published and none of these three publication deal with the case where tasks have more than one execution mode. This review also revealed that the large majority of the published research deals with the problem where the objective is to minimize the duration of the project. However, in almost all real-life situations, the objective is to minimise the total cost of the project. That is why this thesis is dedicated to solve these neglected extensions of the RCPSP. Chapter 3 deals with the resource-constrained project scheduling problem with transfer times (RCPSPTT). Thus the goal in this case is to determine execution dates that allows for resources to be transferred between execution sites while respecting the precedence relations between these tasks as well as resources availability. A new genetic algorithm (GA) is developed to solve the RCPSPTT. This algorithm uses a new and efficient crossover operator. The chapter also study the performance of the proposed genetic algorithm and shows that it produces better results than the two previously published solution heuristics. It is to notice that the proposed GA considers renewable resource types and assume that tasks have only one execution mode. Chapter 4 deals with the multi-mode resource-constrained project scheduling problem with transfer times (MRCPSPTT). Thus, it extends the problem studied in the previous chapter to the multi-mode case under the assumptions of no pre-emption while using renewable and non-renewable resources. This problem has never been the subject of any published research before. An integer linear mathematical formulation of the problem is given as well as new genetic algorithm is developed to solve it. An extensive empirical analysis is then presented and shows that the proposed GA is able to produce the optimal solution for 529 test instances with 10, 20 and 30 activities. Chapter 5 introduces the generalized resource allocation and leveling problem (GRALP). This problem can be stated as follows. Given a set of project tasks to execute, their possible execution modes and precedence relations, an upper bound on the amount of resources that can be made available to the project, a project due date, the cost of resource utilization and the overhead cost; determine the execution date and mode for each task and the amount of resources to allocate to the project. The objective is to minimize the total project execution cost while respecting precedence constraints, project due date and not using more than the amount of resources that we decided to allocate to the project. Again we notice that this problem has never been the subject of any published research work. Chapter 5 presents an integer linear formulation of the problem, a neighborhood search solution heuristic, a genetic algorithm to solve it and an empirical experiment to evaluate the proposed heuristics showing the superiority of the proposed GA. Finally, the conclusions of the thesis and some propositions for future research are given.
Letouzey, Agnès. "Ordonnancement interactif basé sur des indicateurs : Applications à la gestion de commandes incertaines et à l'affectation des opérateurs". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7365/1/letouzey.pdf.
Texto completoKone, Oumar. "Nouvelles approches pour la résolution du problème d'ordonnancement de projet à moyens limités". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00446704.
Texto completoNéron, Emmanuel. "Du flow-shop hybride au problème cumulatif". Compiègne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999COMP1224.
Texto completoAlaeddine, Houssein. "Un modèle d'optimisation spatio-temporel pour l'évacuation de la population exposée aux catastrophes naturelles : projet ACCELL : évaluation spatio-temporelle de l'ACCessibilité d'Enjeux localisés en situation d'inondation sur le bassin de la Loire". Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR1802/document.
Texto completoThe importance of managing an urban site threatened or affected by flooding requires the development of effective evacuation systems. An effective evacuation system has to take into account some constraints such as the transportation traffic which plays an important role as well as others such as the accessibility, necessary human resources and material equipment (vehicles, assembly points, etc...). The main objective of this work is to bring assistance to the technical services and brigade forces in terms of accessibility by providing itineraries with respect to rescue operations and the evacuation of people and goods.We consider the evacuation of a middle size area, exposed to a risk, and more precisely to a risk of flooding. In case of flooding event, the most of inhabitants will be evacuated by themselves, ie., using their personal vehicles. Considered case here, the flooding can be forecast in advance, and then the population has few days (2-4) to evacuate. Our aimis to build an evacuation plan, ie., fixing for each individual the date of departure and the path to reach the assembly point (also called shelter) associated. Evacuation plan must avoid congestion on the roads of evacuation network.Here, we present a spatio-temporal optimization model for the evacuation of the population exposed to natural disasters, and more particularly to a flood risk
Sahli, Abderrahim. "Problèmes d'ordonnancement avec production et consommation des ressources". Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2309/document.
Texto completoThis thesis investigates the Extended Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (ERCPSP). ERCPSP is a general scheduling problem where the availability of a resource is depleted and replenished at the occurrence times of a set of events. It is an extension of the Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP) where activities are replaced by events, which have to be scheduled subject to generalized precedence relations. We are interested in this thesis in proposing new methodologies and approaches to solve ERCPSP. First, we study some polynomial cases of this problem and we propose a dynamic programming algorithm to solve the parallel chain case. Then, we propose lower bounds, mixed integer programming models, and a branch-and-bound method to solve ERCPSP. Finally, we develop an instance generator dedicated to this problem
Pass-Lanneau, Adèle. "Anchored solutions in robust combinatorial optimization". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS177.
Texto completoIf the instance of an optimization problem changes, an initial solution may become suboptimal or infeasible. It is then necessary to compute a new solution, but it is also desirable to keep some decisions from the initial solution unchanged. In this thesis we propose the anchoring criterion to favor unchanged decisions between solutions. In a reoptimization setting, the goal is to find a new solution while keeping a maximum number of decisions from the initial solution. In a robust 2-stage optimization setting, we propose the anchor-robust approach to compute in advance a baseline solution, along with a subset of so-called anchored decisions. For any realization in the considered uncertainty set, it is possible to repair the baseline solution into a new solution without changing anchored decisions. The anchor-robust approach allows for a trade-off between the cost of a solution and guaranteed decisions. Anchoring problems are formally defined and studied on two problem classes. The first one is the class of integer programs in binary variables, including classical polynomial problems such as spanning trees. The second one is project scheduling, where jobs must be scheduled under precedence only, or precedence and resource constraints. The complexity of anchoring problems is analyzed. Combinatorial properties of anchored solutions are exhibited, and dedicated algorithmic and polyhedral approaches are devised. Mixed-integer programming techniques are investigated, that highlight the practical implementability of anchoring problems
Lizarralde, Iban. "Aide au pilotage d'activités d'ingénierie pour le développement distribué d'un système complexe". Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00163853.
Texto completoMontoya, casas Carlos Eduardo. "New methods for the multi-skills project scheduling problem". Thesis, Nantes, Ecole des Mines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EMNA0077/document.
Texto completoIn this Phd Thesis we introduce several procedures to solve the Multi-Skill Project Scheduling Problem (MSPSP). The aim is to find a schedule that minimizes the completion time (makespan) of a project, composed of a set of activities. Precedence relations and resource constraints are considered. In this problem, resources are staff members that master several skills. Thus, a given number of workers must be assigned to perform each skill required by an activity. Furthermore, we give a particula rimportance to exact methods for solving the Multi-Skill Project Scheduling Problem (MSPSP), since there are still several instances for which optimality is still to be proven. Nevertheless, with the purpose of solving big sized instances we also developed and implemented a heuristic approach
Djerid-Zahra, Lamia. "Hybridation d'algorithmes génétiques et de méthodes classiques de recherche opérationnelle pour résoudre des problèmes d'ordonnancement". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL103N.
Texto completoRamat, Eric. "Modelisation et planification de projets complexes à contraintes de ressources : le modèle RAIH". Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR4006.
Texto completoLevy, Marie-Luce. "Méthodes par décomposition temporelle et problèmes d'ordonnancement". Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT012H.
Texto completoLizarralde, Iban. "Aide au pilotage d’activités d’ingénierie pour le développement distribué d’un système complexe". Toulouse, INSA, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ISAT0010.
Texto completoAt the present time, in order to manage the functional and structural complexity associated with the design and development of a complex system such as an aircraft, companies put in place organisations that are themselves highly complex – both hierarchical and distributed. Thus, system development is outsourced to different teams from companies that are specialised in different, complementary areas. These teams work according to the principle of concurrent engineering and must coordinate their activities during the design phase (exchange of intermediary results concerning sub-systems at various levels of maturity) and the integration phase (working together on “plateaux”). The present study focuses primarily on the steering of engineering activities within a team, taking into account general constraints related to resources (number of people allocated) and lead times (time slots assigned to activities), as well as the synchronisation constraints inherent to interdependency between the teams. The originality of this study lies in the energetic characterisation it offers of the activities and the constraints that link them, and the fact that it validates the consistency of the steering decisions (activities brought forward or set back, allocation of additional resources) through a rigorous tool based on constraints programming. The constraints propagation devices can be used to validate different simulations in order to be used as a reference for the renegotiation of constraints when such renegotiation becomes mandatory. We also offer an initial specification of the operating procedure for a decision support system tool. We conclude by studying possible extensions of the model as well as the experimentation and validation work that must accompany this study in order to obtain an operational tool that can be circulated among all the teams that are partners in a complex system development project
Latapie, Bruno. "Problèmes d'ordonnancement à contraintes cumulatives et leur application aux télécommunications par satellite en AMRT/CNC". Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD349.
Texto completoKooli, Anis. "Exact and heuristic methods for resource constrained project scheduling problem". Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR4031/document.
Texto completoResource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem is one of the most studied schedulingproblems in the literature. It consists in scheduling activities, submitted to precedencerelationship, and requiring renewable resources to be processed. The objective isto minimize the project duration, i.e., the makespan. We study the Resource ConstrainedProject Scheduling Problem. We are interested on the exact resolution of the problem.In the first part of the thesis, we develop a series of lower bounds based on energeticreasoning and mathematical formulations. The computational results show that theproposed lower bounds outperform the ones of the literature. In the second part, wepropose Branch-and-Bound procedures using the lower bounds developed on the firstpart
Mohamed, Dhib Cheikh. "Etude et résolution de problèmes d'ordonnancement de projets multi-compétences : Intégration à un progiciel intégré libre". Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4001/document.
Texto completoThe work presented in this thesis deals with multi-skill project scheduling problems. We have studied two models of project scheduling which are defined in collaboration with project management experts in Néréide company. In the first model, a task is defined by a set of required skills, the load needed for each skill as welI as the possibility of preemption. To build a predictive planning which respects aIl problem constraints and minimize the project completion time (makespan), we propose heuristics and meta-heuristics methods. A mixed integer mathematical linear programming model and lower bounds are also proposed. From a predefined planning, we propose an exact method based on a mathematical program as weIl as a genetic algorithm of type NSGA-II allowing to deal with disruptions occurred during the project realization. It is, therefore, a reactive approach in which we look for feasible solutions minimizing both the project completion date and the maximum number of resources assignment changes. In the second studied model, we focus on a case where a task exactly requires one skill with preemption possibility only in case of resources unavailability. In this model, a task is also characterized by its release and due date. A cost per person/skill is given. It is, therefore, a bi-objective problem in which the computed solutions must minimize both the maximum tardiness and the project global cost. Heuristics and meta-heuristics are proposed for solving this problem. Some proposed methods are integrated in the framework OFBiz as add-ons
Lemamou, Eunice Adjarath. "Ordonnancement de projet sous contraintes de ressources à l'aide d'un algorithme génétique à croisement hybride de type OEP". Thèse, 2009. http://constellation.uqac.ca/164/1/030112211.pdf.
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