Tesis sobre el tema "Optimisation Topologie"
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Ezran, Philippe. "Optimisation de la Topologie des Réseaux Sans Fils". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC014/document.
Texto completoThe wireless telecommunication sector is presently facing a tremendous growth of demand for higher data rates, driven by the development of mobile data services. This development makes the available spectrum scarcer and scarcer and requires solutions in order to optimize the use of its limited resources.The main challenge wireless networks are facing is to maximize availability, resiliency and Quality of Service, while minimizing costs and ensuring fair resource allocation among users.The present thesis will try to present solutions to these issues and will focus on three topics.On the first topic, the purpose is to find the ring-based topology which optimizes availability. It will be shown that algorithms which have been developed in the field of graph theory can be used efficiently to define in polynomial time the optimal ring network topology if the rings are small (two nodes in addition to the aggregation node). For bigger rings, the problem will be NP-hard. The second topic deals with polarization. We propose an innovative solution which can improve spectral efficiency in wireless ring networks by up to 50% in comparison with the state of the art. The proposed paradigm brings new perspectives regarding topology optimization and channel allocation.The third topic deals with resource allocation. We question the present approach based on optimization of network effciency. We show that this approach is similar to Bernoulli's expected utility model, which has been disproved by Allais' paradoxes. For this reason, we introduce the concept of unfairness aversion and consider the question of resource allocation as a trade-off between network efficiency and fairness
Ayala, Hernandez Juan Emmanuel. "Optimisation de la topologie des robots dynamiquement équilibrés". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ECDN0026.
Texto completoDynamic balancing is an important field of study in high-speed robotics and spatial robots. Taking into account robot dynamic balancing performance for robot design leads to low base vibrations, high precision and short cycle times. With the aim to develop a comprehensive robot design for dynamic balancing, structural topology optimization is studied in this research work as a tool for designing dynamically balanced robots, also called reactionless robots. The suitability of the proposed methodology is confirmed by accomplishing an optimized design of a reactionless four-bar linkage and the partial dynamic balancing of five-bar robotic mechanism. The significance of the dynamically balanced four-bar linkage is related to the possibility to exploit this optimized linkage as a special leg for building reactionless robots. Besides, the five-bar robot is very important due to its industrial applications, where it is typically used in pick-and-place operations
Jiang, Fei. "Optimisation de la topologie de grands réseaux de neurones". Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112211.
Texto completoIn this dissertation, we present our study regarding the influence of the topology on the learning performances of neural networks with complex topologies. Three different neural networks have been investigated: the classical Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) with complex graph topology, the Echo States Network (ESN) and the Standard Model Features(SMF). In each case, we begin by comparing the performances of different topologies for the same task. We then try to optimize the topology of some neural network in order to improve such performance. The first part deals with Self-Organizing Maps, and the task is the standard classification of handwritten digits from the MNIST database. We show that topology has a small impact on performance and robustness to neuron failures, at least at long learning times. Performance may however be increased by almost 10% by artificial evolution of the network topology. In our experimental conditions, the evolved networks are more random than their parents, but display a more heterogeneous degree distribution. In the second part, we propose to apply CMA-ES, the state-of-the-art method in evolutionary continuous parameter optimization, to the evolutionary learning of the parameters of an Echo State Network (the Readout weights, of course, but also, Spectral Radius, Slopes of the neurons active function). First, a standard supervised learning problem is used to validate the approach and compare it to the original one. But the flexibility of Evolutionary optimization allows us to optimize not only the outgoing weights but also, or alternatively, other ESN parameters, sometimes leading to improved results. The classical double pole balancing control problem is used to demonstrate the feasibility of evolutionary reinforcement learning of ESN. We show that the evolutionary ESN obtain results that are comparable with those of the best topology-learning neuro-evolution methods. Finally, the last part presents our initial research of the SMF - a visual object recognition model which is inspired by the visual cortex. Two version based on SMF are applied to the PASCAL Visual multi-Object recognition Challenge (VOC2008). The long terms goal is to find the optimal topology of the SMF model, but the computation cost is however too expensive to optimize the complete topology directly. So as a first step, we apply an Evolutionary Algorithm to auto-select the feature used by the systems. We show that, for the VOC2008 challenge, with only 20% selected feature, the system can perform as well as with all 1000 randomly selected feature
Gurtner, Gérald. "Géométrie, topologie et optimisation des réseaux et structures cellulaires". Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077165.
Texto completoSome particular networks of very different essences - electrical, thermal, fluidic, mecanic - exhibit, in a first approximation, some strong mathematical analogies, allowing us to conduct a common analysis of their emergent properties - electrical, thermal or fluidic conductivity, and elastic moduli. With a variationnal approach, we established absolute bounds on these quantifies as well as a set of geometrical necessary and sufficient conditions (NSC) to reach them. These conditions lead to new optimal structures, both in two and three dimensions. Thanks to a numerical program, which allowed us to verify these predictions, we then characterized the bending/streching transition which appears in fibrous networks. With the help of the NSC, we computed analytically some statistic, microscopic features of these networks, which might be of importance in the future to understand this phenomenon, as our analyze suggests it. Moreover, we used the programm to investigate the problem of the junctions' energy and showed the presence of several transitions, described by power laws. Finally, we calculated the macroscopic characteristics of some networks close to the optimality, and introduced a new average quantity based on the NSC which seemed to be of importance to quantify this deviation from optimality
Jedidi, Adel. "Modélisation et optimisation de la topologie des réseaux mobiles GSM". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE10064.
Texto completoThe growth and the complexity of cellular systems aim at the development of optimization procedures for the network design. The network design consists in finding the best sites location and base stations parameters settings. To provide suitable network solutions, the automation requires mathematical formulations of technical and economical objectives. On previous research works, radio coverage, traffic capacity and field overlap were the main factors considered as optimization criteria. These factors brought very good results on network radio performance based on pixel performance analysis. Nevertheless, they led to a poor network organization that i didn't meet the global network performance issued from theorical cellular concept : neighborhood management, cells splitting ability, network densification. . . Experts conclude on non-feasibility of network solutions from automation due to lack of acceptable topological properties. Our work proposes new mathematical models dealing with the network structure based on the theorical cellular concept. These models drive to several formulations of neighborhood and densification which give novel properties to network solutions. We also underline the high importance of multicriteria optimization for these problems. Then we describe evolutionary algorithms for the optimization of site location, station positioning and antenna parameter settings. And we give some results on real-life networks for the antenna parameters settings problem and compared them to previous approaches
Zhang, Mengyi. "Optimisation de la couverture de communication et de mesure dans les réseaux de capteurs". Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIMS042/document.
Texto completoA wireless sensor network consists of a set of small autonomous units that interact via a network built by their communication modules. They observe their environment by their sensors and then they manage this information according to their computational capacity and storage. The coverage is the only representation available to the sensor network of its environment. Therefore, it is essential to quantify the quality of coverage especially related to the presence of holes. Our work uses algebraic topology to solve these problems. We first define a notion of the coverage hole in a scalar field, which measures the quality of the estimation by the sensor network without knowing the positions of the sensors. It allows the simplicial homology tool to determine the quality of the overall coverage and put certain redundant sensors into sleeping mode with the guarantee of the coverage. Then, to make the previous result easier to compute by a sensor network, the discrete Morse theory is used. It allows a distributed computation of the previous homology groups while supporting scalability necessary in sensor networks domain. Finally, one flexible approach that allows time varying tracking which allows a coverage is proposed in a distributed way. When the environment changes, this approach can not only guarantee the capability of monitoring of coverage quality, but also proposes a scheme to send to sleep the redundant sensors in order to increase the lifetime of the sensor network with adequate coverage
Laurain, Antoine. "Domaines singulièrement perturbés en optimisation de formes". Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0178_LAURAIN.pdf.
Texto completoIn shape optimization, the main results concerning the case of domains with smooth boundaries and smooth perturbations of these domains are well-known, whereas the study of non-smooth domains, such as domains with cracks for instance, and the study of singular perturbations such as the creation of a hole in a domain is more recent and complex. This new field of research is motivated by multiple applications, since the smoothness assumptions are not fulfilled in the general case. These singular perturbations can be handled now with new and efficient tools like topological derivative. In the first part, the structure of the shape derivative for domains with cracks is studied. In the case of a smooth domain, with boundary of class C1 or lipschitzian for instance, the derivative depends only on the perturbations of the boundary of the domain in the normal direction. This structure theorem is no longer valid for domains with cracks. We extend here the structure theorem to domains with cracks in any dimension for the first and second derivatives. In dimension two, we get the usual result, i. E. The shape derivative depends also on the tangential components of the deformation at the tips of the crack. In higher dimension, a new term appears in addition to the classical one, coming from the boundary of the manifold representing the crack. In the second part, the singular perturbation of a domain is approximated by using self adjoint extensions of operators. This approximation is first described, then it is applied to a shape optimization problem. An approximated energy functional can be defined for this model problem, and we obtain in particular the usual formula of the topological derivative. In the third part, a numerical application of the topological and shape derivatives is proposed for a non-linear problem. The problem consists in maximizing the energy associated to a Signorini problem in a domain . The evolution of the domain is done with the help of a levelset method to handle easily topological changes
Noblet, Vincent Heitz Fabrice Armspach Jean-Paul. "Recalage non rigide d'images cérébrales 3D avec contrainte de conservation de la topologie". Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2006. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/538/01/THESE_NOBLET.PDF.
Texto completoPagnacco, Emmanuel. "Optimisation topologique des structures de type coque". Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES089.
Texto completoNoblet, Vincent. "Recalage non rigide d'images cérébrales 3D avec contrainte de conservation de la topologie". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/NOBLET_Vincent_2006.pdf.
Texto completoThis dissertation deals with non-rigid registration of 3D inter-patient cerebral images. The deformation model considered is based on a hierarchical parametric representation using B-spline basis functions, the parameters being estimated by minimizing a cost function relying on the intensity difference between images (monomodal case). The main contribution of this work is to warrant the estimated transformation to preserve the integrity of warped structures in the 3D case. This property, called topology preservation, is ensured by imposing the positivity of the jacobian of the transformation on the underlying continuous domain of the image. This constrained optimization problem is solved by resorting to interval analysis techniques. Furthermore, other aspects of the registration problem are considered, namely the choice of the similarity criterion and its symmetrization, the regularization of the deformation field and the intensity normalization between images. An original intensity normalization procedure, based on the estimation of a Gaussian mixture model of the joint histogram, is presented. This method, initially proposed to overcome some problems encountered with monomodal image registration, has been extended to the registration of multimodal MRI images. Finally, a validation framework is devised in order to evaluate the influence of the different parameters of the method and to carry out comparisons with other registration methods (affine registration and the demons algorithm)
Vaissier, Benjamin. "Modélisation avancée et optimisation polyfonctionnelle des supports pour les procédés de fabrication additive". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0063.
Texto completoThough Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies are enabling the production of intricate parts difficult or even impossible to obtain through the use of traditional processes, some fabrication constraints must be met. Therefore, in order to solve the material collapsing issues and the geometrical deformation problems inherent to these processes, the addition of support structures is required. The addition of these structures, usually removed during manual post-production steps, are representing a great cost (material usage, time dedicated to their numerical generation, production and removal). Their optimization is thus essential to ensure the conformity of the fabricated geometry regarding the dimensional requirements, but also to reduce the overall cost of the final part. After a specific analysis of the various functions associated with support structures in AM, four main research axis have been identified and addressed in this thesis: (i) a genetic algorithm based optimization has first been studied to sustain overhang areas through the use of tree-like structures, (ii) a model estimating the deformations resulting from fabrication have been designed in order to generate stiffening structures with evolving thicknesses, (iii) a parametrization framework of lattice structures have been proposed to dissipate the energy accumulated in heat confining regions of the part, and finally (iv) the development of an encoding strategy exploiting the repetition patterns existing in the support structures have permitted to reduce the size of their definition files in order to fluidify their manipulation and treatment throughout the AM production process
Tantar, Emilia. "Analyse du paysage en optimisation combinatoire multi-objectif". Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10168.
Texto completoThe majority of real-life optimization problems (e.g. managing large infrastructures, the planning of resources for communities, cities or enterprises, etc.) are combinatorial by nature and imply the use of several objectives, often conflicting or different by type. As determined by the conflicting nature of the objectives, there exists no single "ideal" best compromise solution, on a general basis, the goal being set on attaining a set of best compromise solutions. The results of this thesis are part of the effort of improving Multi-Objective Combinatorial Optimization (MOCO) methods capabilities, for large instances.The thesis proposes the use of landscape analysis as guiding tool for optimization methods, but also as mean of quantifying the difficulty of problems based on topological analysis. The present study is mainly based on landscape analysis studies that provide information about the distribution of feasible solutions in the objective space. The proposed landscape analysis approaches tackle a somewhat new aspect of MOCO problems, i.e. the topological studies performed over the set of feasible solutions or for specific sets of interests as the Pareto set (the set of best compromise solutions) or the e-Pareto set. These techniques are seen as a priori techniques, providing useful information for the design of approximation methods. Furthermore, the structurality studies are integrated in online interactive techniques in order to help the search process and to provide performance guarantees even for stochastic searches in the multi-objective combinatorial case
Slama, Ines. "Optimisation de l’énérgie dans les réseaux de capteurs : techniques adaptatives pour l’accès, le routage et le contrôle de topologie". Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TELE0028.
Texto completoSapountzis, Nikolaos. "Optimisation au niveau réseau dans le cadre des réseaux hétérogènes nouvelle génération". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0082.
Texto completoBy 2016, it is well-known that mobile networking has dominated our lives. We use our mobile cell phones for almost everything: from social networking to streaming, finding accommodation or banking. Nevertheless, it seems that operators have not understood yet this domination, since their networks consist of nodes that: (i) suffer from enormous load fluctuations, (ii) waste their resources, and (iii) are blamed to be a major energy-killer worldwide. Such shortcomings hurt: load-balancing, spectral and energy efficiency, respectively. The goal of this dissertation is to carefully study these efficiencies and achieve a good trade-off between them for future mobile 5G heterogeneous networks (HetNets). Towards this direction, we firstly focus on (i) the user and traffic differentiation, emerging from the MTC and IoT applications, and (ii) the RAN. Specifically, we perform appropriate modeling, performance analysis and optimization for a family of objectives, using tools mostly coming from (non) convex optimization, probability and queueing theory. Our initial consideration is on network-layer optimizations (e.g. studying the user association problem). Then, we analytically show that cross-layer optimization is key for the success of future HetNets, as one needs to jointly study other problems coming from the layers below (e.g. the TDD allocation problem from the MAC, or the cross-interference management from the PHY) to avoid performance degradation. Finally, we add the backhaul network into our framework, and consider additional constraints related to the backhaul capacity, backhaul topology, as well as the problem of backhaul TDD allocation
Du, Jia-Zheng Guo Ying Qiao. "Méthodes et implantation pour l'optimisation de section et de topologie des structures de poutre thèse pour le doctorat en sciences spécialité Mécanique appliquée /". Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2005. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000024.pdf.
Texto completoLyaet, Patricia. "Exploration des méthodes d'optimisation pour déterminer la topologie et la forme de renforts de plaque". Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMPD791.
Texto completoKhoumsi, Khalid. "Optimisation des performances dans les réseaux de communication des machines parallèles à passage de messages". Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0202.
Texto completoDjourachkovitch, Tristan. "Conception de matériaux micro-architecturés innovants : Application à l'optimisation topologique multi-échelle". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI086.
Texto completoThe design on innovative micro-architectured materials is a key issue of modern material science. One can find many examples of this kind of materials such as composites materials, foams, and even micro-architectured materials (materials which come along with some periodicity properties at the small scale). A common criterion for these materials is their ratio between weight and stiffness. Topology optimization is well suited for the design of this kind of material since the criterion that is subject to improvement is directly integrated in the formulation of the minimization problem. In this context, we propose some methods for the design of micro-architectured materials using topology optimization and for several criteria. We afterwards illustrate the benefits of these materials thought multi-scale simulations based on the theory of the first gradient and the scale separability assumption in the homogenization framework.A coupled macro/micro optimization method is presented for the concurrent optimization of the these two interdependent scales. The development of a numerical demonstrator has allowed to illustrated those various methods and to test several optimization criteria, mechanical models etcetera. In order to reduce the computational costs that might become exorbitant especially for multi-scale problems since the number of design variables increases significantly, a database approach is proposed. A broad range of micro-architectured materials is stored (and enhanced) for several criteria (weight, stiffness, original behaviour). This database is then consulted throughout the coupled optimization
Duval, Benoît. "Optimisation de maillages non structurés dans des géométries déformables". Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES022.
Texto completoEzzeddine, Hilal. "Méthode d'analyse et d'optimisation des performances en bruit de différentes topologies de filtres actifs microondes". Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO0019.
Texto completoOdou, Simon. "Optimisation de l'utilisation de la bande passante dans les réseaux multi-sauts sans-fil". Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112157.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we present several algorithms to evaluate precisely the resources in wireless multi-hop networks and to improve the achievable bitrates. Wireless multi-hop networks are networks where nodes are able to join the others transparently in a direct way if they are closed enough, or by engaging intermediate nodes to relay messages if not. This relaying ability makes then very popular. Nevertheless, it has been shown in previous work that such networks cannot compete with traditional wireless networks in terms of bitrates. Consequently, the resources must be used and shared as efficiently as possible. We propose a probabilistic analysis to estimate the expected channel traffic of a given station based on the traffic reservation in its neighbourhood. From this estimation, we determine constraints on the flow bitrates that must be satisfied in order for the flows to be accepted without overloading the network. Then, given the previous constraints, we present several algorithms to maximum the flow bitrates by avoiding congested areas and by computing dynamically the emitting power of each station. The simulation results show a significant improvement over existing approaches
Frabolot, Ferdinand. "Optimisation de forme avec détection automatique de paramètres". Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2182/document.
Texto completoThe objective of this thesis work is to be able to completely integrate shape optimization of car inner hood stiffeners in a complex industrial process, in order to fully optimize the shape and distribution of the stiffeners in a multi-objective approach (or even multi-disciplinary) of a 3D surfacic structure. To this end, we established, at the outset, an insight of the state-of-the-art in shape optimization of structures by classifying the different shape parametrizations in three distinct categories : geometry-based methods (a shape parametrization such as a CAD model), grid-based methods (such as topology optimization methods) and mesh-based methods (such as morphing methods or mesh regulation). However, none of these methods fully satisfies the set objectives. Thus, we will introduce in this work the FEM-CsG method : Finite Element Mesh - Constructive surface Geometry. Bolstered by its strong industrial context, this method offers a response to such constraints, i.e. the possibility to represent the optimal solution by a system of CAD parameters, the possibility to adapt the FE model to the wanted analysis and the guarantee of a robust geometrical representation and mesh stability. We offer to incorporate premeshed parameterized elementary forms into a 3D sheet meshed structures. Hence, these forms are arising from a CAD parameterized elementary form library. Furthermore, the FEM-CsG method uses a set of operators acting on the mesh allowing a constant evolution of the topology guided by optimization. Therefore, even if the topology may vary, the resulting shapes comply with CAD representations by construction, a solution better reflecting the reality of optimizations performed during the preliminary development stage. The FEM-CsG method has been validated on two simple case studies in order to bring forward its reliability. Thus, with an intelligent and coherent choice of the design variables, shape optimization issues may, with a restrictive number of variables, explore an important number of shapes and topologies. Topology changes are accomplished in a continuous manner, therefore validating the FEM-CsG method to any desired analysis
Boutros, Fouad. "Nouvelles approches d'optimisation multi-objectifs pour les Microgrids DC Autonomes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nantes Université, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025NANU4002.
Texto completoIn a world facing the urgency of climate change, microgrids offer a promising solution for designing sustainable energy systems. In particular, isolated direct current (DC) microgrids, which operate independently of traditional power grids, present unique challenges and opportunities. The microgrid studied in this work is an isolated DC microgrid composed of solar panels, batteries, a diesel generator, and residential electrical loads. This work is part of a global effort to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by optimizing the design of these microgrids while accounting for their multi-objective nature, including technical, economic, and environmental aspects. Amid the complexity of the global energy transition, our research focuses on three major dimensions: optimizing the sizing of microgrid components, strategically locating energy sources, and optimizing the topology of meshed microgrid networks. These objectives are achieved through an innovative approach combining advanced modelling techniques and optimization algorithms
Rachdi, Mohamed Anouar. "Optimisation des ressources de réseaux hétérogènes avec coeur de réseau MPLS". Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00146229.
Texto completoBazhar, Sara. "Modélisation, optimisation en vue du dimensionnement d’une nouvelle structure de démarreurs à griffes pour les véhicules « micro-hybrides »". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0131/document.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with a new DC machine structure that can be used in an automotive Stop-Start starter application. A three-dimensional claw pole stator is proposed to replace the current stator in order to reduce its manufacturing cost. The claw pole machine topology is modeled by a reluctance network to take into account the saturation and the magnetic armature reaction. Thanks to its speed and precision, this model is then integrated in an optimization process to obtain an optimal machine. Finally, a prototype of a machine with DC claws is manufactured to show the feasibility of this topology. Moreover, an original model combining reluctance networks and solving the Laplace equation has been developed to overtake some difficulties related to modeling by reluctance network of electrical machines while taking into account the rotation
Medjiah, Samir. "Optimisation des protocoles de routage dans les réseaux multi-sauts sans fil à contraintes". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14663/document.
Texto completoGreat research efforts have been carried out in the field of challenged multihop wireless networks (MWNs). Thanks to the evolution of the Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology and nanotechnologies, multihop wireless networks have been the solution of choice for a plethora of problems. The main advantage of these networks is their low manufacturing cost that permits one-time application lifecycle. However, if nodes are low-costly to produce, they are also less capable in terms of radio range, bandwidth, processing power, memory, energy, etc. Thus, applications need to be carefully designed and especially the routing task because radio communication is the most energy-consuming functionality and energy is the main issue for challenged multihop wireless networks.The aim of this thesis is to analyse the different challenges that govern the design of challenged multihop wireless networks such as applications challenges in terms of quality of service (QoS), fault-tolerance, data delivery model, etc., but also networking challenges in terms of dynamic network topology, topology voids, etc. Our contributions in this thesis focus on the optimization of routing under different application requirements and network constraints. First, we propose an online multipath routing protocol for QoS-based applications using wireless multimedia sensor networks. The proposed protocol relies on the construction of multiple paths while transmitting data packets to their destination, i.e. without prior topology discovery and path establishment. This protocol achieves parallel transmissions and enhances the end-to-end transmission by maximizing path bandwidth and minimizing the delays, and thus meets the requirements of QoS-based applications. Second, we tackle the problem of routing in mobile delay-tolerant networks by studying the intermittent connectivity of nodes and deriving a contact model in order to forecast future nodes' contacts. Based upon this contact model, we propose a routing protocol that makes use of nodes' locations, nodes' trajectories, and inter-node contact prediction in order to perform forwarding decisions. The proposed routing protocol achieves low end-to-end delays while using efficiently constrained nodes' resources in terms of memory (packet queue occupancy) and processing power (forecasting algorithm). Finally, we present a topology control mechanism along a packet forwarding algorithm for event-driven applications using stationary wireless sensor networks. Topology control is achieved by using a distributed duty-cycle scheduling algorithm. Algorithm parameters can be tuned according to the desired node's awake neighbourhood size. The proposed topology control mechanism ensures trade-off between event-reporting delay and energy consumption
Li, Yilun. "Numerical methodologies for topology optimization of electromagnetic devices". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS228.
Texto completoTopology optimization is the conceptual design of a product. Comparing with conventional design approaches, it can create a novel topology, which could not be imagined beforehand, especially for the design of a product without prior-experiences or knowledge. Indeed, the topology optimization technique with the ability of finding efficient topologies starting from scratch has become a serious asset for the designers. Although originated from structure optimization, topology optimization in electromagnetic field has flourished in the past two decades. Nowadays, topology optimization has become the paradigm of the predominant engineering techniques to provide a quantitative design method for modern engineering design. However, due to its inherent complex nature, the development of applicable methods and strategies for topology optimization is still in progress. To address the typical problems and challenges encountered in an engineering optimization process, considering the existing methods in the literature, this thesis focuses on topology optimization methods based on deterministic and stochastic algorithms. The main work and achievement can be summarized as: Firstly, to solve the premature convergence to a local optimal point of existing ON/OFF method, a Tabu-ON/OFF, an improved Quantum-inspired Evolutionary Algorithm (QEA) and an improved Genetic Algorithm (GA) are proposed successively. The characteristics of each algorithm are elaborated, and its performance is compared comprehensively. Secondly, to solve the intermediate density problem encountered in density-based methods and the engineering infeasibility of the finally optimized topology, two topology optimization methods, namely Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization-Radial Basis Function (SIMP-RBF) and Level Set Method-Radial Basis Function (LSM-RBF) are proposed. Both methods calculate the sensitivity information of the objective function, and use deterministic optimizers to guide the optimizing process. For the problem with a large number of design variables, the computational cost of the proposed methods is greatly reduced compared with those of the methods accounting on stochastic algorithms. At the same time, due to the introduction of RBF data interpolation smoothing technique, the optimized topology is more conducive in actual productions. Thirdly, to reduce the excessive computing costs when a stochastic searching algorithm is used in topology optimization, a design variable redistribution strategy is proposed. In the proposed strategy, the whole searching process of a topology optimization is divided into layered structures. The solution of the previous layer is set as the initial topology for the next optimization layer, and only elements adjacent to the boundary are chosen as design variables. Consequently, the number of design variables is reduced to some extent; and the computation time is thereby shortened. Finally, a multi-objective topology optimization methodology based on the hybrid multi-objective optimization algorithm combining Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGAII) and Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is proposed. The comparison results on test functions indicate that the performance of the proposed hybrid algorithm is better than those of the traditional NSGAII and Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2 (SPEA2), which guarantee the good global optimal ability of the proposed methodology, and enables a designer to handle constraint conditions in a direct way. To validate the proposed topology optimization methodologies, two study cases are optimized and analyzed
Bazhar, Sara. "Modélisation, optimisation en vue du dimensionnement d’une nouvelle structure de démarreurs à griffes pour les véhicules « micro-hybrides »". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0131.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with a new DC machine structure that can be used in an automotive Stop-Start starter application. A three-dimensional claw pole stator is proposed to replace the current stator in order to reduce its manufacturing cost. The claw pole machine topology is modeled by a reluctance network to take into account the saturation and the magnetic armature reaction. Thanks to its speed and precision, this model is then integrated in an optimization process to obtain an optimal machine. Finally, a prototype of a machine with DC claws is manufactured to show the feasibility of this topology. Moreover, an original model combining reluctance networks and solving the Laplace equation has been developed to overtake some difficulties related to modeling by reluctance network of electrical machines while taking into account the rotation
Fatemi, Javad. "Optimisation topologique des plaques raidies". Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10271.
Texto completoMohamodhosen, Bibi Safoorah Bilquis. "Optimisation topologique de dispositifs électromagnétiques". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECLI0028/document.
Texto completoTopology Optimisation (TO) is a fast growing topic that has been sparking the interest of many researchers for the past two decades in the electromagnetic community. Its attractiveness lies in the originality of finding innovative structures without any layout a priori. This thesis work is oriented towards the TO of electromagnetic devices by elaborating on various aspects of the subject. First of all, a tool for TO is developed and tested, based on the ‘home-made’ tools available at the L2EP. As TO requires a FE and an optimisation tool working together, a coupling is done using both. Furthermore, a TO methodology is developed and tested, based on the Density Method. An academic cubic test case is used to carry out all the tests, and validate the tools and methodology. An approach is also developed to consider the nonlinear behaviour of the ferromagnetic materials with our TO tools. Afterwards, the methodology is applied to a 3D electromagnet, which represents a more real test case. This test case also serves to compare the results with linear and nonlinear behaviour of the materials used. Various topologies are presented, for different problem formulations. Subsequently, the methodology is applied to a more complex electromagnetic device: a Salient Pole Synchronous Generator. This example allows us to see how the problem definition can largely affect TO results. Some topologies are presented and their viability is discussed
Stragiotti, Enrico. "Conception et optimisation de structures lattice modulaires pour des applications aérospatiales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, ISAE, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESAE0017.
Texto completoIn the aerospace industry, there is a continuous demand for lighter aerostructures driven by the need to improve fuel efficiency and overall performance. Consequently, the aerospace sector is undergoing two significant shifts: the adoption of hydrogen-powered and electric planes, aimed at developing cleaner and more sustainable aviation technologies. These changes present opportunities to explore innovative concepts such as the flying wing or transonic dry truss-braced wings, deviating from the traditional tube-and-wing configuration. One promising approach to meet these demands is the utilization of modular lattice structures, known for their ultralight properties and modularity. Modular designs offer various advantages, including the assembly of large structures from smaller, easily manufacturable repeating modules, on-field repairability, and rapid assembly for temporary structures.The objective of this thesis is to develop a design and optimization methodology for ultralight and modular aerostructures. Initially, we conducted a review of existing literature to identify the most suitable algorithm basis for optimizing monolithic (non-modular) structures. After a comprehensive comparison, we selected the Truss Topology Optimization (TTO) approach, which utilizes bars as the discretizing element of the structure. However, the classic TTO formulation has limitations, such as the inability to address buckling constraints, consider multiple load cases, limit the minimum slenderness, and ensure mechanical compatibility. To overcome these challenges, we formulated a comprehensive approach and developed an innovative two-step optimization algorithm. This involves using a relaxed problem to generate an initial solution, which serves as the starting point for optimization using a complete formulation.The second part of the thesis focuses on adapting the proposed monolithic formulation to model modular structures. Initially, we concentrate on optimizing the topology of a fully modular structure, where a single module is repeated throughout the design. We investigate how hyperparameters, such as the number of subdomains and module complexity, affect the mechanical performance of the structure. Subsequently, we explore a more complex scenario by optimizing multiple module topologies and their layout within the structure. This is achieved through a newly proposed solving strategy based on a modified Discrete Material Optimization (DMO) approach, employing a gradient-based optimizer.By addressing the challenges of lightweight design and modularity in aerostructures, this research aims to contribute to the ongoing evolution of aerospace technologies and advance the efficiency and performance of future aircraft
Champenois, Florient. "Configuration et analyse temporelle de réseaux avioniques à sauts multiples". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAT036.
Texto completoIn the field of embedded real times critical networks, the current trend is to increase requirements in terms of embeddability and bandwidth, in order to meet the new challenges posed by autonomous vehicles and drones. To meet these needs, Safran is establishing a new certifiable model of a distributed network based on a mesh topology. This thesis is taking place within this project, in order to propose a set of methods and tools to meet these needs and thus improve embedded critical networks.With this objective in view, the thesis consisted, firstly, of presenting a range of improvements to Safran's new network model by incorporating multi-path redundancy in place of the multi-plane redundancy currently used in aeronautics to satisfy fault tolerance constraints. The thesis also led to the adoption of several measures to improve others networks capabilities.Secondly, the work also focused on the implementation of a method for calculating a pessimistic worst-case transmission time bound. The presence of cycles of dependencies between data flows within these networks impedes the vast majority of current computation methods to converge on a result. Part of the work has therefore consisted in producing an adaptation of the trajectory approach that can address such networks, while offering optimizations to improve scaling.The final part of the work involved implementing a methodology to produce network configurations that satisfy constraints in terms of fault tolerance, transmission time, and embeddability. This method, which is based on a multi-criteria genetic algorithm, also enables the configuration produced to be optimized as a function of several criteria in order to offer a more than satisfactory result.Finally, the approaches presented in this thesis are tested using a complete set of experiments, allowing us to conclude that it is pertinent
Calvel, Sonia. "Conception d'organes automobiles par optimisation topologique". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007196.
Texto completoSid, Idris Kahina. "Sensibilité topologique en optimisation de forme". Toulouse, INSA, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ISAT0031.
Texto completoThe topological sensitivity analysis consists in studying the variation of a cost function with respect to a modification of the topology of a domain. It is a basic tool for topological shape optimisation, in that it provides a "descent direction" for updating the shape of the domain. The topological sensitivity analysis provides an asymptotic expansion of a shape function with respect to the insertion of a small obstacle inside a domain. In this work, such an expansion is obtained for the Poisson problem and for the Stokes equations with general shape functions and arbitrary shaped holes. It is shown that this expansion depends on the shape of the obstacle In the three-dimensional case, whereas it is independent of the shape in the two dimensional case. Numerical Examples illustrate the use of the topological sensitivity in a shape optimisation problem
Brampton, Christopher. "Applications of level set topology optimisation". Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675725.
Texto completoPerez, Segovia Tomás. "Paola : un système d'optimisation topologique de PLA". Grenoble INPG, 1985. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00316330.
Texto completoLaszczyk, Laurent. "Homogénéisation et optimisation topologique de panneaux architecturés". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721807.
Texto completoSid, Belkacem. "Optimisation topologique de structures par algorithmes génétiques". Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA2033.
Texto completoThe interest of topological optimization is explained by its capacity to offer innovating solutions allowing a notable profit of performance. During the last decade, considerable efforts in fundamental research were devoted to the development of new methods, reliable and efficient, for the structural topology optimization. This thesis contributes in this field by using genetic algorithms. Two methods were developed. The first proposes a genetic algorithm approach based on a graphical representation by Bézier curves. The principle consists in building the structure by a skeleton and a flesh. The skeleton is composed by the set of the Bézier cubic curves connecting the boundary conditions surfaces. The flesh, in form of layers, completes the skeleton to give the final form of the structure, completely connected. The second approach is based on a representation by adjacency. The principle of this representation is founded on the concept of connectivity of finite elements, considered as cells. This principle is expressed by an adjacency matrix similar to that used in the graph theory. The encoding of the structure solutions uses this matrix by transforming it into a binary string. The two proposed methods are implemented inside Matlab programming environment. They are by numerical applications on simple twodimensionnal linear elasticity benchmarks
Mou, Guangjin. "Design of exotic architectured materials in linear elasticity". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS519.pdf.
Texto completoThe symmetry classes of a linear constitutive law define the different types of anisotropy that can be modelled by the associated constitutive tensors. However, the spaces of linear materials are very rich and a whole range of intermediate possibilities can exist beyond symmetry classes. Materials with non-standard anisotropic properties associated with such intermediate possibilities are called exotic materials. For instance, 2D R0-orthotropic material is a well-known case of exotic material.The primary objective of this research is to develop geometrical tools to characterise the linear material spaces in a very fine way, which allow these intermediate possibilities to be detected. The exotic set obtained is intrinsically characterised by a polynomial relation between elasticity tensor invariants. As a result, we prove that R0-orthotropy is the only type of 2D exotic elastic material. However, when generalised to 3D linear elasticity, this number is up to 163.The second objective of this study is to obtain a mesostructure exhibiting at macroscale the exotic behaviour described previously. A topological derivative-based optimisation algorithm is implemented in Python/FEniCS to realise the design of periodic metamaterials. The 2D R0-orthotropic material and several cases of 3D exotic materials are studied. The objective function of the optimisation problem is formulated in terms of the invariants of the target effective elasticity tensor
Fakhri, Eyman. "Contribution à l'optimisation de l'architecture de parcs d'hydroliennes". Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC224.
Texto completoRenewable Energies (MREs) can contribute significantly to the energy mix. MREs can be produced from different sources, among them tidal energy – the focus of this work – has aroused major interest from industrialists and decision-makers.In this thesis, a decision support tool for the optimization of the architecture of tidal farms is developed. The optimization tool, named OPTIFARM, takes into account the hydrodynamics of the site, the investment and maintenance costs, the loss of production caused by the wake effect and the energy loss in the electrical network. The tool allows determining the optimal number and positions of tidal turbines and offshore substations in the farm as well as the optimal AC electrical connection topology of the tidal farm network. The optimization tool relies on a genetic and a particle swarm optimization algorithms. OPTIFARM is applied to two French tidal energy sites: the Alderney Race located between the Alderney Island and Cap de la Hague, and the Fromveur Strait located in the sea of Iroise. Those sites represent respectively the first and the second greatest tidal potential in France. The results show that the energy production cost considerably differs from one site to another and it strongly depends on the size of the farm
Le, Brenn-Ferrieux Laurence. "Introduction du routage optique dans un réseau de transport". Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0215.
Texto completoRakotondrainibe, Lalaina. "Optimisation topologique des liaisons dans les systèmes mécaniques". Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAX101.
Texto completoTopology optimization is commonly used for mechanical parts. It usually involves a single part and connections to other parts are assumed to be fixed. This thesis proposes an other approach of topology optimization in which connections are design variables, as well as the structure. We focus on standard long bolt with prestressed state. This connection model is idealized to be enough representative but computationally cheap. The idealized model is complemented with mechanical constraints specific to the bolt.The problem is to optimize concurrently the topology and the geometry of a structure, on the one hand, and the locations and the number of bolts, on the other hand. The elastic structure is represented by a level-set function and is optimized with Hadamard's boundary variation method. The locations are optimized using a parametric gradient-based algorithm. The concept of topological derivative is adapted to add a small idealized bolt at the best location with the optimal orientation, and thus optimizes the number of bolts. This coupled topology optimization (shape and connections) is illustrated with 2d and 3d academic test cases. It is then applied on a simplified industrial test case. The coupling provides more satisfactory performance of a part than shape optimization with fixed connections. The approach presented in this work is therefore one step closer to the optimization of assembled systems
Zuber, Paul. "Wire topology optimisation for low power CMOS". kostenfrei, 2007. http://mediatum2.ub.tum.de/doc/618152/document.pdf.
Texto completoBuckney, Neil. "Optimisation of wind turbine blade structural topology". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633206.
Texto completoMill, Frank. "Shape and topology optimisation for manufactured products". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12659.
Texto completoAmigo, Ricardo Cesare Roman. "Design of adsorption systems by topology optimisation". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3152/tde-05112018-140813/.
Texto completoAdsorção é um mecanismo de retenção de moléculas de um fluido em superfícies sólidas e apresenta um vasto campo de aplicações, como em refrigeração, processos de separação e armazenamento de combustível. Este trabalho descreve o modelo de adsorção de gás em meios porosos e define uma abordagem de otimização de sistemas de adsorção baseada no Método de Otimização Topológica (MOT). Uma formulação abrangente para os fenômenos de adsorção e dessorção é apresentada, detalhando a dedução de seus formas fracas e montagem das matrizes para a implementação do Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF). As sensibilidades das funções-objetivo em relação às variáveis de projeto são obtidas pelo método adjunto, que também é apresentado em detalhe. A implementação numérica é auxiliada pelos pacotes FEniCS e Dolfin Adjoint, originando uma ferramenta genérica para a otimização de sistemas de adsorção. Este método é aplicado ao projeto de tanques de Gás Natural Adsorvido (GNA) visando transporte, armazenamento e consumo. Tanques otimizados são propostos e comparados com tanques tradicionais, apresentando melhora dos objetivos de projeto.
Chang, Che-Cheng Bryant. "Design and Topology Optimisation of Tissue Scaffolds". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14161.
Texto completoWu, Chi. "Time-dependent Topology Optimisation for Implantable Devices". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29237.
Texto completoDenies, Jonathan. "Métaheuristiques pour l'optimisation topologique : application à la conception de dispositifs électromagnétiques". Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00955966.
Texto completoGaide, Maxime. "Modélisation et rejeu basés sur des règles". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESMA0026.
Texto completoDesigning a complex object is a tedious process involving repeated cycles of trial and error. In order to alleviate such a difficulty in the designing process, current parametric modelling systems offer some reevaluation mechanism sallowing a user to rebuild an object based on the editing of its parameters. However, such a process requires either processing an entire mesh in order to detect topological changes, which is computationally expensive, or hard-coding the changes in the modelling operations, which is computationally efficient but increases the risks to introduce detection errors. To address these limitations, our works focus on the development of a rule-based modelling system dedicated to the reevaluation of modelling processes. In particular, this system allows the addition, deletion and reordering of the operations defining those processes. We consider operations formalised with Jerboa’s graph transformation rules. Our first contribution is the syntactic analysis of the operations allowing for the detection of topological changes (creation, split, merge, and so on). These analyses are statically performed on rules, independently of the object onto which they are being applied. Thus, topological changes can be automatically detected and tracked. In some defined cases, a localised analysis performed within the object can assert whether the event has occurred or not. Our second contribution makes use of our topological changes detection approach in order to offer a reevaluation mechanism. Considering that a modelling process is a record of operations sequentially applied on specific topological entities, reevaluating a modelling process first requires solving the long-standing problem of persistently naming topological entities in a geometric model. To achieve this goal, we offer to reconstitute the histories of topological entities referenced within a modelling process. Each entity can be identified through its history, which is unique. With this mechanism, we reference topological entities in a robust way throughout reevaluation. Our third contribution aims to extend our reevaluation mechanism to include scripts of rules which can be used to create more complex operations. The Jerboa script language makes it possible to create such scripts with usual control structures such as alternatives and iterations. We extend our reevaluation mechanism by including these control structures, hence, enabling the user with greater versatility in modelling and managing complex operations