Tesis sobre el tema "Offre de travail et emploi"
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Boukari, Noureddine. "Emplois saisonniers, assurance-emploi et offre de travail des couples : une analyse économique empirique appliquée à la réforme de 2012". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66716.
Texto completoA generous employment insurance system to protect those who lose their job does not encourage them to look for work. The 2012 Employment Insurance Reform in Canada is part of a long series of legislative changes in employment insurance policies aimed at encouraging the unemployed, and more specifically seasonal workers who are the most frequent claimants, to return to work. In this thesis, we use the Double Difference Regression Method to study the effect of this reform on couples. According to our results, the objective sought through this public policy seems to have been achieved, by stimulating the research and the acceptance of new jobs among men workers in the seasonal industry. On the other hand, there appears to be no negative impact of the Added Worker Effect on their spouses.
Thevenon, Olivier. "Les relations emploi-famille en Europe. Fondements socio-économiques des comportements féminins en Allemagne, Espagne, France, aux Pays-Bas et Royaume-Uni". Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00424833.
Texto completoDelsart, Virginie. "Le développement contemporain de la flexibilité du travail et de l'emploi : une interprétation analytique d'une énigme historique". Lille 1, 2004. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/b617e299-1742-4b92-a801-ffa5b20f33fd.
Texto completoFaye, Abdou Diop. "Analyse des déterminants de l'offre du travail des femmes en milieu urbain sénégalais". Thesis, Artois, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ARTO0101.
Texto completoThe objective of any economic analysis of the elabor supply is generally to better understand issues related to employment allowing formulating policies towards the labor market. This thesis is not an exception to this objective although it focuses exclusively on women. From the analysis of the present thesis, we have shed new light on the main factors driving or inhibiting the senegalese woman to enter the labor market. The theoretical approaches developed have led us to consider the nature of marital relationships, the different perceptions of work and family obligations corresponding to different types of female behavior of labor supply. Through a dicotomous and multinomial logit model, we have shown that the behavior of labor supply of senegalese women is influenced by individual characteristics such as the age and education level, and standard family characteristics such as the presence of under 5 years old child/children in the household, the presence of a spouce (marital status), the income of the spouse, the householf size, the monetary status indicated by the poverty, the remittances to descendants or ascendants
Bensoussan, Mathieu. "Les formes de l'engagement des cadres . Pratiques collectives et offres de représentation". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00346417.
Texto completoMaillard-Adamiak, Bénédicte. "Chômage structurel et difficultés d'appariement : Analyse théorique et application à la France". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL12007.
Texto completoSince the nineties, the French labour market combines high levels of vacancies with high levels of unemployment. This worrying fact is the starting point of this thesis running two aims: checking that high levels of vacancies and high levels of unemployment are the consequences of a declining matching efficiency of the French labour market, and showing that this declining matching efficiency is the result of a structural mismatch between labour supply and demand. We therefore estimate (on monthly regional data, covering the period 1990:3 to 1995:2) a matching function by the method of the stochastic frontiers, method usually applied to measure the degree of efficiency of production units. Then, breaking with the practice of the standard indicators of structural unemployment, we estimate (on annual data, covering the period 1968 to 2000) an employment function enclosing an implicit Beveridge curve. We derived four main results. First, the average matching efficiency decreased clearly in the early nineties. Second, as one would expect, the regional matching efficiencies were negatively correlated to the regional unemployment rates. Third, skill mismatch played an important role in the declining matching efficiency. Fourth, the role played by regional mismatch was less significant
Marbot, Claire. "Les services à la personne en France : étude descriptive et trois évaluations de politique publique". Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0028.
Texto completoThis thesis provides a descriptive study and three essays on public policy evaluation about household services. The first chapter describes the main characteristics of household services workers and of households who use these services and their evolution. After a review of the available data, we study in particular the workers' plurality of jobs, the evolution of the use of in-home services “on the black market” and female activity in households who use these services. The two following chapters aim at evaluating the effect of two tax programs on the use of affected households : the implementation of the tax reduction in 1991 and the 2007 reform which partially turned it into a tax credit. The last chapter examines the effect on mothers‘ activity of a rise in childcare subsidies, which was implemented in France in 2004 as a part of the so-called “PAJ E” reform. To conduct these public policy evaluations wich use survey data and tax data, we rely on the econometric methods of “matching” and “difference-in-differences”, along with a combination of these two methods
Maillard-Adamiak, Bénédicte. "Chômage structurel et difficultés d'appariement : Analyse théorique et application à la France". Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL12007/document.
Texto completoSince the nineties, the French labour market combines high levels of vacancies with high levels of unemployment. This worrying fact is the starting point of this thesis running two aims: checking that high levels of vacancies and high levels of unemployment are the consequences of a declining matching efficiency of the French labour market, and showing that this declining matching efficiency is the result of a structural mismatch between labour supply and demand. We therefore estimate (on monthly regional data, covering the period 1990:3 to 1995:2) a matching function by the method of the stochastic frontiers, method usually applied to measure the degree of efficiency of production units. Then, breaking with the practice of the standard indicators of structural unemployment, we estimate (on annual data, covering the period 1968 to 2000) an employment function enclosing an implicit Beveridge curve. We derived four main results. First, the average matching efficiency decreased clearly in the early nineties. Second, as one would expect, the regional matching efficiencies were negatively correlated to the regional unemployment rates. Third, skill mismatch played an important role in the declining matching efficiency. Fourth, the role played by regional mismatch was less significant
Mattei, Catherine. "Politiques de lutte contre l’exclusion et construction de l’employabilité : évaluation des personnes et offres institutionnelles : Le cas du RMI dans les Bouches du Rhône". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3052/document.
Texto completoThis thesis seeks to understand one of France's major social welfare programmes by observing and analysing the professional practices and the way in which the players conceive and reconstruct their tools for their daily work. This study looks at the implementation of laws about the RMI benefit (minimum integration income), primarily focusing on the issue of employability. Increasing unemployment and a growing political desire to rigorously manage public finances has utterly transformed the social welfare; social welfare is increasingly organised on the basis of supply and demand, resembling a market-driven operation. The desire to improve the employability of those receiving RMI is proof of these profound changes. The relationship between users and the benefit-giving institution is symbolised by a reintegration contract. This approach aims at fostering “demand” in the form of an individual plan that should be matched by the “supply” of a service offer. The unbalanced relationship between users and the support system that has not only a market-driven approach, but also an industrialised set-up in terms of accountancy and bureaucratic requirements, is expressed by an explicit aim of standardising the demand to match the supply of services. In order to implement its new responsibilities and its policies of combating exclusion, the Bouches du Rhône Council relies on a circle of organisations: its own services, voluntary sector bodies, and local government organisations. The decentralisation of government action has generated a “local centralisation of powers”, creating top-down practices that run contrary to the independent and bottom-up practices it was supposed to promote
Brunel, Magali. "Emploi industriel - emploi serviciel : du travail typique au travail atypique ?" Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21024.
Texto completoMoschion, Julie. "Fécondité, offre de travail féminin et politiques familiales". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00509940.
Texto completoBargain, Olivier. "Offre de travail des ménages et fiscalité : perspectives familiale et individuelle". Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0082.
Texto completoThis thesis improves the analysis of taxt-benefit systems by combining microsimulation techniques and household labor supply models. Firstly, we apply the discrete-choice model to analyze how two types of inwork transfers - a family-based tax credit and an individual wage subsidy - perform in reducing proverty and social exclusion Europe. Secondly, we suggest several nested models which allow to test and to reject the restrictions usually imposed on leisure-consumption preferences and household rationality. Thirdly, we simulate the individualization of the French income tax using a colective model of labor supply. The intrahousehold distributive effect appears weak compared to traditional effects. Finally, we reinterpret the model in terms of productive effort and retrieve individual productivities by inverting the optimal collective program. The social welfare evaluation differs when individual utilities rather than households' welfare enter the social planner's objective function
Thaize-Challier, Marie-Christine. "Offre de travail, contrats et balkanisation du maché de l'emploi". Aix-Marseille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX24002.
Texto completoThe labour market balkanization, namely the myriad of types of employments, wages and unemployments characterizing the market, is explained here in terms of particularities of the contractual forms involved. We discuss first the theory of labour supply and consider extensions of the theory to take account of constraints resulting from the contracts. We actually extend the microeconomic analysis of labour supply to situations where individual resources are uncertain and introduce constraints on the working-time. "institutionalist" preoccupation have also motivated econometric works on the analysis of "exclusions" (unemployment, discouragements, secondary jobs). The purpose of the second-part is to analyse the mosaical labour market theory in terms of the labour contracts under asymmetric information. Several models of adverse selection and moral hazard are considered to explain employment's distorsions and wage-types on industrial or rural markets. Labour supply and contracts on a balkanized market are approached from historical, theoretical and quantitative points of view
RENARD, MARY-F. "Division internationale du travail et emploi regional". Aix Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX24006.
Texto completoThe new international division of labour had great effects on employment in industrialized countries such france. So, there is not only an economic constraint of efficiency, but also a social constraint. It is wrong to consider that the results and the solutions of such a problem are the same all over the national space. More relevant is a regional approach. Regions are more historical space than geographical ones what allowed to give them some power of choice and some capacity to define their own strategy of specialization. The analysis of regional integration in the world economy has been done in two ways : - first, by studying their international trade and their skills, a relation can be shown between a great competitivity for exports and a high number of skilled workers ; - secondly, a shift-share analysis has been done on the increase of exports and skills. It is obvious that the regional effect is much more important than sectorial one. This regional effect has been explained by the level of education, the enterprise organization and the history of regional firms. So appear for each region a particular fitness for building up their own strategy of insertion in the international division of labour
Zattal, Ridha. "Travail, emploi et investissement industriel en Tunisie". Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100036.
Texto completoRenard, Mary-Françoise. "Division internationale du travail et emploi régional". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376092661.
Texto completoTaamallah, Khemaies. "Population et emploi en Tunisie /". Tunis : Publications de l'Université de Tunis, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb349622880.
Texto completoBousselin-Frizon, Audrey. "Offre locale d'équipements collectifs de garde d'enfants et offre de travail des mères : application au Luxembourg, au moyen de modèles multiniveaux". Thesis, Nancy 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN20003/document.
Texto completoUnavailable
Fontaine, Vanessa. "L' emploi des seniors". Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10045.
Texto completoPérivier, Hélène. "Transferts redistributifs et offre de travail des ménages : analyse théorique et mise en perspective franco-américaine". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010020.
Texto completoHur, Jai-Joon. "Emploi et chômage français des années 1970-1993". Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100100.
Texto completoThe understand correctly the bad performance of the French labor market, it is necessary, according to the author, to distinguish unemployment of the 70's from that of 80's the author propose that real interest rate was a major cause of employment stagnation in the 80's while real the wage was an important factor in the 70's. After a confirm in the first chapter that the unemployment growth has resulted mainly not from the evolution of labor force but from the stagnation of employment, the author analyses relations between wage and employment in the second chapter. He concludes that wage evolution explains the employment evolution of the 70's, but not that of the 80's. The third chapter examines relations between real interest rate and employment. It presents a dynamic optimization model which explains the relation between "profitability of labor" and employment. An econometric study confirms a correlation between employment and profitability of labor of which the fluctuation resulted mainly from that of real interest rate. The fourth chapter includes an explanation of hysteresis mechanism of high interest rate and its consequences. The last chapter describes productivity mode and employment evolution of the various economic sectors, discovering a fact that trade good sectors experienced more severe diminution of employment than home good sectors
Radtchenko, Natalia. "Offre de travail individuelle et "collective" : applications empiriques à l'aide de données russes". Phd thesis, Paris 1, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136535.
Texto completoLes chapitres trois et quatre proposent des nouvelles applications empiriques du modèle collectif de comportement des ménages.
Le troisième chapitre analyse le partage intra-familial à l'intérieur d'un cadre théorique inspiré des modèles collectifs. La mesure du partage repose sur une comparaison subjective des niveaux de revenu et des niveaux d'utilité. A partir de ces données, des approches nouvelles sont proposées permettant l'identification complète de la règle de partage.
Le quatrième chapitre porte sur un modèle d'offre de travail collectif avec solutions de coin. Le modèle est généralisé pour permettre aux paramètres de la règle de partage de varier dans le temps. Le but de l'étude est précisément d'effectuer un test de stabilité de la règle de partage. L'avènement de la crise financière de 1998 est exploité pour démarquer deux périodes distinctes, soient les périodes pré et post crise.
Mazerolle, Fabrice. "Echange international et marché du travail". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987IEPP0012.
Texto completoPillon, Jean-Marie. "Les rendements du chômage : mesures du travail et travail de mesure à Pôle emploi". Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100041/document.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with unemployment policies and focuses on the mutual influence of management accountants and counselors in the French one stop shop for job seekers, “Pôle emploi”. Our work tests the hypothesis that administration reforms have changed the role of statistics and accounting in policies. Based on observation of the counselors’ work and on interviews with executives of Pôle Emploi, this work sheds light on the mechanisms through which the central State measures its results on the labor market. Counselors undergo two different pressures: one derived from performance targets set by the State and the other from the increasing number of job seekers. The thesis analyzes the Arts and crafts developed by counselors to solve these tensions. From this perspective, the counselors’ work looks like a categorization activity enabling them to sort the 5.5 million unemployed in accordance with three separate scales: the labor law, the labor market, and the institutional solutions to improve employability. Counselors then experience contradictions between individualized activation policies and the macro-economic nature of the current number of unemployed. Thus, our work dissects the gap between great politicians’ addresses and civil servants’ feeling of powerlessness
Roy, Nathalie. "Demande effective et équilibre de sous-emploi". Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOE005.
Texto completoThe principle of effective demand was introduced by J. M Keynes as a device to explain unemployment equilibrium. However, this principle should be valid in all cases and especially in the "classical case". But, to apply effective demand to the neo-classical framework one needs to introduce a concept of "potential demand" to account for the determination of full employment equilibrium satisfactorily. This new formulation reacts on the understanding of the principle of effective demand; it leads to a unification of the concept of aggregate demand price avoiding the co-existence of two alternative definitions, contrary to Keynes and his commentators. This approach allows to point out the deficiencies of the behavioural explications of unemployment, particularly, the influence of psychological propensions. Nevertheless, two principles in Keynes's thought must be maintained for a structural analysis of effective demand shortage: the insufficiency of expected profits and investment beyond a certain level of activity. Once Keynes's explanations have been discarded, it appears more clearly that an analysis of capital accumulation is a pre-condition for a structural analysis of unemployment. If the evolution of the rate of profit is governed by structural malfunctions whereas the interest rates are determined by supply and demand of funds, the marginal efficiency of capital and the interest rates could follow separate paths. To maintain their profitability, firms will therefore turn towards financial markets and abandon investment projects thus reducing their demand for labour
Borg, Philippe. "La relation diplôme-emploi : demande de qualifications et diffusion de diplômés". Toulouse 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU10049.
Texto completoThe aim of the research is to develop a reflection on the relationship diploma - job in a context of no- rarity of diploma. Restoring the hypotheses that allow to pass from the role of the diploma to the productivity, the study releases contributions of different theoretical movements but also explores various forms of coordination and regulation of the relationship diploma-job. The relationship is first apprehended in specific and direct manner. The functional analysis of the role of the diploma puts in perspective real theories and informational theories. This specific vision of the relationship is used as framework to the first works of manpower planning but also to some "models of tensions" in which the productive role of education (notably in the case of imperfect market) is reduced. So, the relationship mediatises a component of interactions between age, diploma and job. This second approach allows including the diversity of qualification acquisition modes and enhances the question of substitution and complementarily of competences. On the base of the 82's and 90's French census of the population, the study of the intensity's evolution of the link diploma-job shows clearly a diffusion of the most graduated in a growing number of different professional categories. On the other hand, in some skilled jobs the substitution process between most qualified and less qualified is not always verified. The diffusion of graduates appears, at global level, as largely proportional to initial competence structures of profession. The transformation of these structures appears as relatively independent to the variation of profession size suggesting a relative autonomy of the social education demand with respect to the economy's needs. The "supply effect" emerges as a trend that determines the most of structure variations of competences inside the professions. The empirical analysis has been able also to show the role of the diploma in the job competition, notably by underlying the importance of the bumping down process in the population of 23-30 years but also the progression - beyond the simple "supply effect" - of the level of certificate in some categories of workers and employees. In addition, the analysis shows that the labour market is much less selective for workers categories of intermediate age
Gardes, Delphine. "La notion de travail : essai et enjeux d'une définition juridique". Toulouse 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU10030.
Texto completoWork is a familiar word that every one of us knows, handles, uses. This notion, which comes from the common language, is regularly used by the legal discipline. For all that - disturbing report - even though it is frequently used by the legal discipline, this notion never seems to be precisely explained for what it really is. The positive law essentially seems to be aiming that point about its own specific way : salaried work and freelancing - independant work. It seems necessary to elaborate a legal definition of the notion of work, freed from the usual adjectives that often follow it. This step change is essential, in the way that it is the law that allows the link between "a work's accomplishment" and "one's work protection". The question about the worker's protection brings the other question of work and insists on the importance of creating the legal limits. Suggest a work notion's definition is not enough. It matters to create a real legal definition, large enough to embrace different type of work : salaried, independent, free. The main stake is that each person will to be able to have a sufficient protection from their work, what ever it is
Hindy, Rana. "Genre, offre de travail et évaluation des politiques publiques : évidences à partir des données égyptiennes". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010038.
Texto completoDumas, Christelle. "Offre de travail des enfants et demande d'éducation dans les pays de l'Afrique de l'Ouest". Paris, EHESS, 2005. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001786.
Texto completoThis thesis aims to identify microeconomic determinants of children's time allocation in Senegal and Burkina Faso. We mainly focus on the impact of social background. We find that parental education, once carefully instrumented, increases education levels and decreases labour participation, while the impact of wealth on education remains weak. In the same vein, we do not find any specific effect of poverty on the time spent at work by children. Owning productive assets an important determinant of children's labour supply, proving that market imperfections exist and play a role in the emergence of child labour. Finally, determining wether labour participation is detrimental to children's education is fairly intricate, but an empirical test allows us to conclude that it is not harmful to human capital accumulation
DURAISAMY, PALANIGOUNDE. "Offre de travail feminin, fecondite, transferts sociaux et distribution des revenus familiaux : une analyse econometrique". Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010038.
Texto completoUghetto, Pascal. "A la recherche d'un nouveau modèle d'emploi : dynamique des changements structurels et institutionnels affectant le travail et l'emploi". Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090011.
Texto completoThe microeconomic transformations of work and employment since the eighties do not seem to have yield any obvious result on the macroeconomic situation of employment (especially in France). This work has sought to identify the reason of such a situation and the conditions through which the rela, tion between work in a microeconomic level and employment in a macroeconomic one could be im, proved. It has suggested it could be done by studying the dynamics of structural and institutional change of work. After having examined present theories, it argues that the issue for such a dynamics is the stabilization of a new employment pattern likely to concur to the development of a new growth dynamics. Whereas the present pattern (toyotaism), by focusing on the suppression of overcosts, is contributing to the development of a vicious circle of growth, the question is raised of how beneficient a pattern could be which would be established on the service relation and the reduction of working time. This pattern compels to seek new internal and external economies in a very original manner, which, in turn, justifies to engage expenditure (to invest in human resources and to remunerate these by the reduction of their working time) which are likely to yield positive macroeconomic effects. The state intervention is required to promote this new employment pattern. It must build institutions sus, taining this pattern and the new growth regime
Sanou, Issa. "Inégalités de richesse, prestations sociales et politiques environnementales en présence du statut social". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ASSA0011.
Texto completoThe first chapter shows that conformism leads to a reduction in wealth inequalities, and even to a catch-up, when an initially rich household works less than an initially poor household ; and that the additional income acquired by the initially poor household, by working more, corresponds, more precisely, to the wealth surplus initially held by the rich household. The second chapter shows that the negative effects of social benefits on labor supply are mitigated by status-seeking behavior. Finally, chapter 3 shows that any environmental policy, consisting of taxing polluting goods and using the revenues from this taxation to subsidize the consumption of non-polluting goods, leads to an increase in both employment and environmental quality. However, when polluting goods and non-polluting goods are not perfect substitutes, the increase in purchasing power resulting from subsidies may lead to an increase in the consumption of polluting goods
Khaskhoussi, Tarek. "Réforme du système français de retraite et offre de travail en fin de cycle de vie". Le Mans, 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2008/2008LEMA2002.pdf.
Texto completoKhaskhoussi, Tarek Langot François. "Réforme du système français de retraite et offre de travail en fin de cycle de vie". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2008/2008LEMA2002.pdf.
Texto completoPeney, Sandrine. "Evénements et analyse économique des comportements individuels : illustrations par l'usage de la notion d'événement dans les modèles reliant divorce et offre de travail". Nancy 2, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc418/2004NAN20014.pdf.
Texto completoVeilleux, Dominic. "Éducation et emploi : de l'inégalité à l'égalité". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30148/30148.pdf.
Texto completoDinand, Jean-Michel. "Emploi d'étrangers en situation irrégulière et nouvelle politique migratoire aux Etats-Unis". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987IEPP0017.
Texto completoTwo factores account for the size and magnitude of undocumented worker migration to the United States : 1. The existence of significant contradictions in the complex legal immigration system : the demand for immigrant visas far exceeds the legal limits : a waiting list of over 700 000 persons now exists. In addition, the U. S. Labor market is in large part closed to legal immigrants because of "schedule B", a list of 49 occupations for which certification is prohibited by the Department of Labor. As a result, persons intent on emigrating and working in the United States devise methods to circumvent the process. A clear premium is placed on entering the United States by means other than the legal channels : E. G. As an international visitor with a tourist visa (visa abusers) or by illegaly crossing the border (illegal entrants). 2. The preference on the part of employers for the employment of illegal aliens it is now unlawful-according the immigration reform and control act of 1986 for an employer to hire and undocumented worker. However, this statute will probably not be forced for primarily economic reasons. . .
Béguy, Donatien. "Emploi féminin et fécondité en milieu urbain en Afrique : Dakar (Sénégal) et Lomé (Togo)". Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100025.
Texto completoOur aim in this work is to investigate the complex relationships between professional and reproductive life of women in two African capital cities with different cultural contexts: Dakar and Lome. We used data from two retrospective surveys carried out in Lome (2000) and Dakar (2001). The two surveys collected the retrospective biographies of three generations of individuals, aged 25-59 on their residential, professional and family (union, child) trajectories. Findings show that it’s only in Lome that employment has a significant effect on fertility. But both in Dakar and Lome, a longer work experience has a negative impact on fertility. Moreover, whereas fertility has a significant effect on paid employment in Dakar, in Lome, self-employment is affected by fertility. Finally, it appears from these results that the relationships between professional and reproductive life depends on the specific characteristics of each society, such as gender relationship and men’s and women’s roles
Gendron, Bruno. "Productivité et demande de travail : le cas de la main d'œuvre déficiente". Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10091.
Texto completoHoang-Ngoc, Liêm. "Systèmes de relations professionnelles et régulations de l'emploi". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010012.
Texto completoThe purpose of the dissertation is to study the links between labour market institutions and the dynamic of employment and unemployment. The attempt of industrial relations theories, to build a interdisciplinary approach ot the labour market, is summarized. A critical survey is realized to show how orthodox and heterodox economic theories have taken into account labour market institutions. The weight is put on the dialogue between convention theory and regulation theory. The interest to introduce the level of industrial relations systems in this debate is underlined. The hierarchy of rules that we build interact with the macro-economics mecanisms. A classification of industrial relations systems is proposed. The interactions between this classification and a typology of employment regulations are studied. An internat ional comparison, focused on twelve countries is proposed. A more qualitative comparison between france and the united kingdom is realized. Case studies in two industries of different nature are exposed, in order to detect organizationnal innovations which could result from the decentralization of the collective bargaining in france
Barrey, Sandrine. "Le travail marchand dans la grande distribution alimentaire : la définition des relations marchandes". Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20066.
Texto completoHow do distributors define the meeting between supply and demand? An historical analysis shows the processes by which mass retailers succeeded in affixing their imprint on economic relations. So that it underlines the political dimension of markets. A disaggregated point of view on mass retailers as methodological entry based on observations of their concrete working practices in a big French company reveals how constructed, collective and differentiated are such important commercial "grandeurs" as prices or any other quality of products. Finally, the specific configuration of the markets structured by the rules of self-service (i. E. Where the absence of preliminary link appears to be the central problem of the actual meeting between supply and demand) leads to wonder about the way distributors manage to tie relations with customers, and how the latter participate themselves in the production of the relations in question
Sum, Map. "Marché du travail et emploi au Cambodge : contraintes à court terme et enjeux à long terme". Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/sum_m.
Texto completoThe objective of the thesis consists of characterise the labour market in Cambodia by using all theoretical information. We show a detail view of changes that have happened in the Cambodian labour market and precising how these changes affect population and economy. The result of labour market analysis will show the quasi non-existing of the labour market and employment policies in Cambodia and that some theoretical framework designed to improving labour market respond partly to the actual situation of Cambodia. This is the reason for which we try to analyse the Cambodian labour market in order to find out all short and long term constraints which lock up the good functioning of Cambodian labour market and which obstruct the application of the theoretical framework. We try finally to view long term strategies for improving labour market and employment situation in Cambodia
Sum, Map Baudry Bernard. "Marché du travail et emploi au Cambodge contraintes à court terme et enjeux à long terme /". Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2007/sum_m.
Texto completoEl, Weriemmi Malek. "Libéralisation des échanges extérieurs, croissance, salaires et emploi en Tunisie". Nice, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NICE0025.
Texto completoThe aim of the present work is to study the effects of trade liberalization on growth, wages and employment in Tunisia. In this perspective our consideration comprised two stages : in the first stage we have begun with a restatment of the theoretical debate regarding the benefits of the liberalization policies implemented in the LDCs (chapter1). Afterwards we have examined different models of export-led-growth and their critical studies (chapter2). The results of our econometric tests in the case of Tunisia (chapter3) showed that the trade reform has had positive effects on the economic growth of the country
Nicolas, Yann. "Le marché du travail dans le modèle de quasi-demande et quasi-offre globales : une solution au problème de symétrie". Paris 12, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA123004.
Texto completoThe question to which this study answers is: what is the more appropriate theoretical representation of the labour market in order to determine the level of employment in the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply when this model is based on a rigid nominal wage in the short run? Part 1 explains that the frequent version of this model shows a problem of symmetry-due to the way the level of employment is determined-concerning its explanation of the quantitative impact of an aggregate demand expansion, the latter being logically the same as the impact of a contraction. Part 2 first shows that the solutions proposed in the literature all appear flawed, and so they do not succeed in solving appropriately the problem. Part 2 then proposes a particular model of the labour market which allows to solve it. This model is based on an inelastic labour supply and an informational imperfection involving the existence of a matching process. It is this model which is appropriate
Gbakou, Monnet Benoît Patrick. "Offre de travail et migration dans les pays en développement : applications économétriques sur les données de ménages ivoiriens". Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENSF0027.
Texto completoA great number of empirical studies focusing on the labour markets in developing countries are especially interested in the macroeconomic changes on these markets. Now, these macroeconomic changes do not still reflect correctly the microeconomic changes at the level of the agents. This thesis poposes to analyze these microeconomic changes trough the analysis of three major behaviours of the african workers. It privileges the behaviour of migration and the behaviour of labour supply. The first studied behaviour relates to the migration of the rural labour force towards cities. Our findings show that the urban to rural wage gap does not incite the male workers to migrate. However, the urban wage is still incentive to the migration of female rural workers. Nevertheless, the analysis of the migration in terms of binary choice can be overlooked when we have the number of completed migrations of every individual. The number of completed migrations of a worker is assumed to report the turnover of this one on the labour market. Our results indicate that more raised wage offers in certain areas incited the male and female workers to make a large number of migrations, and hence to change jobs and employers several times. In these analyses of the migration behaviour show partially the changes on the labour markets of the african countries, the analysis of the time allocation between market work and leisure is not less important. It seems that the more important presence of the women on the ivoirian labour market was expressed by an improvement of the goods consumption (the well-being) or the household negatiation position of these last ones within the households. Furthermore, it is clearly shown that the household members do not pool their incomes
Granier, Pierre. "Reduction, aménagement-reduction du temps de travail et emploi : contribution à une analyse théorique". Aix-Marseille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX24005.
Texto completoMirza, Daniel. "Commerce international, structures de marché et impact sur le marché du travail". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010052.
Texto completoÉchevin, Damien. "Hétérogénéité individuelle des agents et comportements des ménages : consommation, revenu et emploi". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010017.
Texto completoEnclos, Philippe. "La conceptualisation de l'emploi : approches macro-analytiques et problématique de la régulation juridique". Nancy 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN20006.
Texto completoThe thesis intends to discover and criticize, according to the epistemological method, the fundamental characteristics of macro-analytical concept of "employment" in actual legal theories. The dominant discipline is french science of labour law, but the research is grounded on a comparison with sociological and, especially, economica conceptualizations. It shows how legal theories (and industrial sociology) generally embrace the concept of employment thinked out in term of market by the neo-classical economics, what ruins their pertinence and logic relating to founding effective public or private full-employment policies. The thesis suggests to the jurists to have a share in late socio-conomical flows of thought, inspired by "neo-institutionalism" wich conceive employment rather as a system of rules, what comes within legal studies'sphere. The fruitfulness of that proceeding is proved, in the thesis, by a work about the legal dimension of the -untranslatable- concept of "rapport salarial" elaborated by the recent french economical "theory of the regulation" (the concept designates, abstractedly and totally, the whole instituionalized aspects of the relation of work's submission to capital). Particulary, by means of refurbishing the theory of case law, the research demonstrates the driving part of that leading source of law in the process of work-and-employment relations'institutionalization. So, employment is no longer conceived as a market, wihch the law has to avoid disturbing, but, on the contrary, as a product of rules, the most important of which being juridical (judiciary) ones