Literatura académica sobre el tema "Obésité – Cancer"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Obésité – Cancer"
Krempf, M. "Cancer et obésité". Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques 5, n.º 1 (febrero de 2011): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1957-2557(11)70181-x.
Texto completoSchlienger, J. L., F. Luca, S. Vinzio y A. Pradignac. "Obésité et cancer". La Revue de Médecine Interne 30, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2009): 776–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2009.04.007.
Texto completoSalaün, Hélène, Juliette Thariat, Marina Vignot, Yacine Merrouche y Stéphane Vignot. "Obésité et cancer". Bulletin du Cancer 104, n.º 1 (enero de 2017): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bulcan.2016.11.012.
Texto completoLauby-Secretan, Béatrice, Laure Dossus, Claire Marant-Micallef y Mathilde His. "Obésité et cancer". Bulletin du Cancer 106, n.º 7-8 (julio de 2019): 635–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bulcan.2019.04.008.
Texto completoCharfi, N., A. Chaâbane, F. Mnif, M. Ben Jmaâ, F. Hadj Kacem y M. Abid. "P248 Obésité et cancer". Diabetes & Metabolism 38 (marzo de 2012): A89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1262-3636(12)71350-2.
Texto completoLe Guennec, Delphine, Stéphanie Rougé, Florence Caldefie-Chézet, Marie-Paule Vasson y Adrien Rossary. "Obésité et cancer du sein". médecine/sciences 36 (octubre de 2020): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2020198.
Texto completoFallone, Frédérique, Rémi Deudon, Catherine Muller y Charlotte Vaysse. "Cancer du sein, obésité et tissu adipeux". médecine/sciences 34, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2018): 1079–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2018298.
Texto completoTran, Christel. "Diabète, cancer et obésité : une relation sans équivoque". Revue Médicale Suisse 15, n.º 653 (2019): 1112–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53738/revmed.2019.15.653.1112.
Texto completoRivera, C., N. Pecuchet, D. Wermert, C. Pricopi, F. Le Pimpec-Barthes, M. Riquet y E. Fabre. "Obésité et cancer bronchique : incidences épidémiologiques, pathologiques et thérapeutiques". Revue de Pneumologie Clinique 71, n.º 1 (febrero de 2015): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pneumo.2014.11.006.
Texto completoClément, K. "Obésité, diabète et cancer : un triumvirat à haut risque !" Obésité 9, n.º 3 (25 de junio de 2014): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11690-014-0456-3.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Obésité – Cancer"
Dubois, Virginie. "Obésité et cancer mammaire : implication du microenvironnement adipocytaire et des adipokines ?" Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF1PP01.
Texto completoObesity is now considered, firstly, as a risk factor for developing breast cancer in postmenopausal women and, secondly, as a risk factor for mortality in response to this pathology. Among the various hypotheses to explain the link between obesity and breast cancer, it is suggested that the adipocyte secretions (ie adipokines), whose plasma levels are known to be modulated in obesity are important. The objective of this work was therefore to assess the overall impact of adipocyte secretions and adipokines of interest to better understand the potential involvement of adipocyte tumor microenvironment in mammary carcinogenesis. In the first part, in order to situate the protein expression of several adipokines of interest in the complex disturbances involving the tumor cell, we have related the expression of these adipokines together and with that of more classical biomarkers of breast cancer (estrogen and progesterone receptor, Bax, Bcl2, Ki67...). For this, we compared, on mammary tumor and normal samples, the expression of leptin, adiponectin and zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG). Cancerous tissue or normal tissue surrounding the tumor express leptin and ZAG and, more weakly, adiponectin, whereas expression of leptin and ZAG is not found in healthy tissue from women without disease. Furthermore, the expression of ZAG and leptin is positively correlated with that of the estrogen receptor, suggesting that there is a close connection between the adipokine and estrogen pathways. In the second part, we evaluated in vitro, on the one hand, the role of overall adipocyte secretions, through the establishment of an original model of "three-dimensional dermis fat" epithelialized in the presence of mammary cells, tumor or fibrocystic, and,on the other hand, the impact of interest adipokines (leptin and ZAG), on different lines of breast cancer cells. We have shown that there is a reciprocal dialogue between the adipose microenvironment and breast cancer cells, promoting tumor growth. Wealso found that leptin and ZAG exert proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects. In the third part, we try to understand the fact that obesity increases the risk of mortality from breast cancer, by issuing two additional assumptions :i) there may be a less effective treatment in situation of obesity related to an interference with some adipokines, and ii) there may be an increased risk of metastasis due to an influence of adipokines on the angiogenic process. Thus, in vitro, we showed that leptin decreases the efficacy of several cancer treatments and increases the angiogenic process and tumor invasion, especially when leptin is used at concentrations reflecting plasma impregnation in a situation of obesity, while adiponectin inhibits angiogenesis, particularly for concentrations reflecting impregnation in plasma in physiological situation. Our results suggest that adipocyte secretions are involved in regulating of breast cancer development and suggest promising ways for targeting adipokines in the prevention and / or treatment of breast cancer pathology, especially in case of overload weight
Dirat, Béatrice. "Les adipocytes associés au cancer : nouveaux acteurs de la progression tumorale : un lien entre obésité et cancer". Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/937/.
Texto completoThe tumor progression was recently recognized as the product of a dynamic interaction between tumor cells and their microenvironment. Among the cells type which compose the microenvironment, adipocytes are the ones whose role was the least well characterized, in spite of the fact that adipocytes represent the main component of microenvironment in certain tumor models, as for example breast cancer, or the invasive prostate cancer. The role of fat cells in tumor progression has a great interest because it was demonstrated in epidemiological studies that the obesity is a factor of poor prognosis in numerous cancers. Indeed as shown the results of a vast study led by the Curie institute, patients affected by breast cancer, and who are obese, exhibit more aggressive tumors defined by a more advanced stage and/or lymph node involvment. Besides its function of energy storage, adipocyte is an endocrine cell, able to secrete a variety of molecules including, chemokines, growth factors, pro-inflammatory molecules, which can regulate the behavior of cancer cells. We have shown that the co-culture in 2D for 3 to 5 days, of tumoral cells with adipocytes (coming from in vitro differentiation of the murine cell line 3T3-F442A, or coming from the differentiation of precursors of mammary reductions), induce an increase of the invasive and migratory capacities of tumor cells, this effect being more marked for weakly invasive cell lines. Mice injected with 4T1 co-cultivated with adipocytes, exhibit more lung metastases than mice injected with 4T1 not co-cultivated. Adipocytes, in turn, when they are co-cultivated with the tumor cells, exhibit an activated phenotype. The secretion of pro-inflammatory markers as IL-6; IL-1 ß is increased, as well as an increase of metalloproteases as the MMP-11. IL-6, according to our results is involved in the modification of the phenotype of tumor cells, conferring them, an increase of the invasive capacities. Furthermore, these adipocytes acquire a fibroblastic phenotype that is characterized by a delipidation and a loss of markers of mature adipocytes, suggesting a reorientation of these cancer-associated adipocytes, which could contribute, by means of their secretions to the desmoplastic reaction observed in breast cancers. Furthermore, we also observed that free fatty acids released during the lipolysis of adipocytes, can be uptake and stored in lipid droplets by tumor cells. .
His, Mathilde. "Surpoids, obésité et survie après cancer du sein dans la cohorte E3N". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS422/document.
Texto completoExcess adiposity is a known risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer and studies suggest that excess adiposity is also associated with a poor breast cancer survival. However, only few studies have characterized the type of adiposity involved in these associations, as well as the influence of body size changes during life. In addition, despite the fact that several biological mechanisms have been suggested to explain the obesity-cancer relationship, the influence of other metabolic changes frequently associated with excess adiposity, such as dysregulation of lipid metabolism, is not established.Using data from the E3N cohort study, which includes 98 995 women born between 1925 and 1950 and followed since 1990, we studied the associations between several measures of prediagnosis adiposity, as well as body size at several periods in life and body size changes, and survival after breast cancer. Lastly, we focused on the associations between several serum markers of lipid metabolism and risk and survival after breast cancer, in a case-control study nested within the cohort.A higher prediagnosis hip circumference and an increase in lifetime body size were both associated with a poor breast cancer survival. On the contrary, serum lipids were not associated with breast cancer risk or survival.Together, those results underline the necessity of reducing excess adiposity over the life course as much as possible and of a better understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the obesity-breast cancer survival relationship
Arous, Caroline. "Obésité, acides gras et cancer du foie : effets de l'oléate sur les cellules de cancer du foie". Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE4021.
Texto completoEpidemiological and experimental evidence indicate that high-fat diet and obesity are associated with increased risk of liver cancer. As these tumor promoting actions may involve increased delivery of free fatty acids to the liver, we explored the effects of oleate treatment on signaling pathways and proliferation in HepG2 cells, which are human hepatoma cells prone to develop steatosis. We found that a low dose of oleate increased HepG2 cell proliferation, whereas a high dose inhibited it. In agreement with this, the low and high dose of oleate differentially affected major growth-promoting signaling pathways such as the MAPK or PKB pathways. However, the mTor pathway appeared to be the only one activated and inhibited by low and high dose of oleate, respectively. This suggested the potential involvement of mTor in oleate-mediated proliferative effects. Consistent with this hypothesis and the known role of mTor on translation regulation, the low and high dose of oleate increased and decreased, respectively, the translation of cell cycle regulators. Importantly, the mTor inhibitor rapamycin reduced the translation of those cell-cycle regulators and the proliferation of HepG2 cells in the absence of oleate, but not in its presence. Hence an oleate-mediated activation of phospholipases D (PLDs), which may render mTor rapamycin-resistant through the production of phosphatidic acid (PA), could be occurring. Indeed, inhibition of PLDs with butanol abolished oleate-mediated activation of the mTor pathway. Furthermore, inhibition of PLD restored rapamycin sensitivity of the translational regulator 4E-BP, the latter being the specific component of the mTor pathway to be rapamycin resistant in the presence of oleate. Altogether, our data show that hepatoma proliferation is stimulated through oleate-mediated mTor activation, which is rapamycin resistant. Based on this, we would like to suggest that rapamycin-derived mTor inhibitors will be of limited therapeutic use to treat hepatic tumor growth, particularly in the context of associated obesity
Bougaret, Lauriane. "Obésité et cancer mammaire : Influence des adipocytes sur le processus d'angiogénèse et la moindre réponse thérapeutique". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF1PP05.
Texto completoObesity, constantly incrasing, is an established risk factor for breast cancer in post-menopausal women associed with a pour prognosis favoring the occurence of metastases and lower therapeutic response in these patient. Among the various hypotheses explaining the link between obesity and breast cancer, multiple bibliographic arguments suggest the involvement of adipocyte secretions, whose plasma concentrations are modulated in case of obesity, in mammary tumorogenesis. The objectives of thesis were to highlight the implication of adipocyte secretions, in a context of obesity, in the angiogenic process and therapeutic response to hormonal cancer traetments. (...) Adipocyte secretions are involved in the regulation of mammary tumorigenesis which opens up promising preventive or therapeutic perspectives targeting adipokines in situation of overweight
Laurent, Victor. "Rôle des adipocytes périprostatiques dans la dissémination locale et à distance du cancer de la prostate : lien avec l'obésité". Toulouse 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU30140.
Texto completoThe prostate is surrounded by periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), which is the major component of invasive prostate cancer stroma. Clinically, PPAT infiltration by tumor cells is a major histological criterion of poor prognosis suggesting that the PPAT (especially adipocytes) could be a key player in prostate cancer aggressiveness. We have first demonstrated the key role of the CCR3 receptor in driving the migration of PCa cells towards the secretions of mature adipocytes, dependent of one of its ligand, CCL7. Through in vitro and in vivo approaches we have shown that inhibition of the CCR3/CCL7 axis (using pharmacological inhibitors, blocking antibodies, and gene repression strategies) decreased prostate cancer migration and in vivo local dissemination with a more pronounced effect in obese conditions. More importantly, the expression of this receptor is associated with aggressiveness in prostate cancer patients and is a strong predictor of extra-prostatic invasion. Once the tumor has crossed the prostatic capsule, it comes into direct contact with the PPAT and an intimate crosstalk between the two cell types is established. We have shown that co-culture with adipocytes increase intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. This oxidative stress is due to transfer of lipids between adipocytes (tumor cells-induced lipolysis) and tumor cells that are able to uptake and store the liberated free fatty acids (FFAs). These FFAs stimulate pro-oxidant enzymes expression resulting in a signaling cascade (increased expression of the transcription factor HIF1 that in turns increases the expression of a subset of MMPs (for Matrix MetalloProteinases)) up-regulating tumor invasion. Moreover, in human tumors, the expression of the pro-oxidant enzymes and MMPs identified in vitro is upregulated at the invasive front where tumor cells and adipocytes are in close contact, highlighting the clinical relevance of our results. Finally in obesity conditions, the tumor surrounding adipocytes are more prone to induce tumor invasion through an up-regulation of the identified pathway. In conclusion, our results show that periprostatic adipocytes are able to favor prostate cancer aggressiveness by favoring migration of tumour cells outside of the gland through their ability to secrete chemokines and by establishing a cross-talk once the tumour cells have invaded the adipose tissue that lead to oxidative stress and further amplification of invasive capacities cells. All these effects are amplified in obesity conditions and our work decipher original molecular pathway to explain the emergence of more aggressive cancers in this subset of patients
Guerard, Adrien. "Rôle des chimiokines adipocytaires dans la dissémination locale et à distance du cancer de la prostate : un nouvel axe liant cancer et obésité". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30257/document.
Texto completoProstate is surrounded by periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), only separated by a thin layer of collagen called prostatic barrier. Infiltration through PPAT and prostatic barrier crossing by tumor cells are known as major histological and clinical bad prognosis factors. These observations suggest a key role of PPAT (and mainly adipocytes) in prostate cancer development and invasiveness. First, we identified a chemokine secreted by adipocytes (CCL7) and its associated receptor (CCR3) that contribute to local dissemination of prostate cancer cell and lead them to leave the prostate. Thus, using in vitro and in vivo approach, we showed that the inhibition of CCR3/CCL7 axis decreases local dissemination of prostate cancer with an enhanced effect in obesity context. Moreover, CCR3 expression has been associated to tumor aggressiveness and relapse on patient samples. Beyond local dissemination, bone metastasis is one of the major and deadliest complication of prostate cancer, with only few treatments available. Regarding results obtained in our first work on local dissemination, we focused on medullary adipocytes contained in bone marrow and study whether or not they could chemoattract prostate cancer cells just as PPAT in local dissemination. Using medullary adipocytes samples from patients and in vivo approach, we showed that medullary adipocytes expressed a unique phenotype different from PPAT adipocytes and that they secrete high level of CCL7. This chemokine will lead to directed migration of prostate cancer cells towards bone metastatic site through CCR3/CCL7 axis. By inhibiting this axis, we observed a specific inhibition of bone metastases formation both in vitro and in vivo, highlighting the therapeutic potential of this axis. We confirmed the main impact of CCR3/CCL7 axis in prostate cancer metastases, using clinical meta-analysis and studies on tumors from patients. Finally, we showed that physiopathological modifications of adipocytes, such as obesity and aging, which are both considered as prostate cancer bad prognosis factors, increase the chemoattraction of prostate cancer cells induced by medullary adipocytes secretions. As a conclusion, our results highlight that periprostatic adipocytes and medullary adipocytes can influence prostate cancer progression by secreting chemokines and leading to prostatic barrier crossing and bone metastatic dissemination. These mechanisms are enhanced in obesity and aging context. This allow us to suggest a new molecular mechanisms enhancing cancer aggressiveness. Thus, our work allowed us to identify CCR3/CCL7 axis as a major axis in the dissemination of prostate cancer induced by adipocytes secretions, acting on both local and metastatic level
Li, Xia. "Role of tumor-surrounding adipocytes in breast cancer chemoresistance : molecular mechanisms and regulation by obesity". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30136.
Texto completoBreast cancer is the most common cancer among women in France, as well as in the European Union and the United States. Although the number of cases observed each year has tended to decrease since 2005, notably due to organized screening, this disease remains the leading cause of cancer death in women. Many studies have shown that tumor progression is dependent on tumor cells but also on the "healthy" cells of the microenvironment (or stroma) that surround the tumor. In the case of breast cancer, adipocytes, the major cell type of the mammary stroma, represent emerging actors in tumor progression. My team is one of the first to have shown that peritumoral adipocytes were involved in the aggressiveness of breast cancers. From the bi-directional dialogue that takes place between adipocytes and mammary cancer cells results some changes in both cell types : (i) the tumor cells "educated" by the adipocytes have increased invasive capacities and greater resistance to treatments and (ii) the adipocytes co-cultured with the tumor cells acquire an activated phenotype with specific modifications such as delipidation, loss of adipocyte markers, overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and secretion of proteins of the extracellular matrix, which led us to name them CAA for "Cancer-Associated Adipocytes". Interestingly, the paracrine dialogue between tumors and adipocytes could be amplified in obesity, where the normal balance of proteins secreted by adipose tissue is disrupted. In breast cancer, obesity is associated with an increased risk of occurrence after menopause and a worsening prognosis independent of menopausal status due to increased dissemination (local and remote) and decreased response to treatments, in particular by a greater resistance. The objective of my thesis was to evaluate the role of adipocytes in the chemoresistance of mammary tumor cells. Indeed, resistance is a major limit to the effectiveness of treatments and contributes to the onset of relapses, which are increased in obese patients. Using a 2D co-culture model, we have shown that adipocytes are able to promote pleiotropic resistance (doxorubicin, paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide) in various mammary tumor lines, irrespective of tumor type. By taking advantage of the fluorescence properties of anthracyclines, we have shown that this resistance implies an increase in the doxorubicin efflux, preventing it from acting at its site of nuclear action. This efflux mechanism implies an original process involving the major vault protein MVP / LRP (Major Vault Protein / Lung Resistance Protein), a nucleocytoplasmic transporter whose function remains poorly understood to date. Following nuclear drug efflux, it accumulates in cytoplasmic vesicles before before being expelled from the cell via extracellular vesicles. We also showed that this resistance mediated by MVP could be explained by the soluble factors secreted from adipocytes and is amplified in obesity conditions. In conclusion, our findings highlight that peritumoral adipocytes are able to influence tumor progression by promoting chemoresistance via an original mechanism involving the MVP protein, which could potentially become a marker of resistance to treatments. This work may explain, at least in part, the poor prognosis of breast cancers in obese patients and thus could provide interesting therapeutic perspectives, in order to interrupt the deleterious dialogue between adipocytes and tumor cells, particularly in obese patients
Oudanonh, Thiphavone. "Progesterone receptor, obesity and prognosis in women diagnosed with estrogen receptor positive breast cancer". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67944.
Texto completoINTRODUCTION: Studies have shown that prognosis for breast cancer (BC) was worse for obese than normal weight women. This differential survival might depend on the progesterone receptor (PR) status of the tumor. Our objective was to examine whether the association between obesity and mortality varies by PR status among women with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) BC. METHODS: The 3747 women diagnosed at the Center of Breast Diseases with non metastatic invasive ER+ BC between 1995 and 2010 were included in the analyses, and classified according to the body mass index (BMI) (<18.5, 18.5-24.9, 25.0-29.9, ≥30.0 kg/m²) and tumor PR status (PR–, PR+). Hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause and BC-specific mortalities, and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were estimated from multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Effect modification was evaluated on the additive and multiplicative scales using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and ratio of HR, respectively. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 5.9 years, the risk of all-cause mortality was increased on average by 2.76 (95%CI: 1.40-4.91) for underweight women with PR– tumors, by 2.02 (95%CI: 1.43-2.81) for overweight women with PR– tumors and by 2.51 (95%CI:1.67-3.65) for obese women with PR– tumors compared to women with normal weight and PR+ tumors. Similar increased risks were observed for BC-specific mortality. Conversely, risks of mortality were similar for women with PR+ tumors, regardless of BMI. All-cause mortality was modified by PR status on the additive scale for overweight (RERI=0.85,95%CI: 0.18-1.52) and obese women (RERI=1.28, 95%CI: 0.31-2.25), whereas BC-specific mortality was modified for underweight women (RERI=3.57, 95%CI: 0.25-6.88). Similar observations were found on the multiplicative scale. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the higher risk of dying observed among underweight, overweight and obese women with ER+ BC could be related to the PR status of the tumor.
Jardé, Thierry. "Implication des adipokines dans les processus de cancérogenèse mammaire : cas de l'adiponectine et de la leptine". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF1PP01.
Texto completoBreast cancer is a major pathology in women, with one million of new cases detected every year in the world. The understanding of numerous factors involved in breast cancer is absolutely necessary to provide new treatments. A recent hypothesis suggests that adiponectin and leptin, both adipocyte-secreted hormones (adipokines), may be involved in breast cancer development. In this way, we investigated the involvement of adiponectin and leptin in mammary carcinogenesis. We explored in vitro the effects of adiponectin and leptin on numerous breast cancer cell lines. We observed, using quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, that breast cancer cells expressed adiponectin and leptin receptors. We also found that adiponectin inhibited the growth of breast cancer cells whereas leptin induced a proliferative response. Numerous genes were regulated by adipokines, including cell cycle, apoptosis, transcription factor and potential diagnosis/prognosis marker genes. We investigated, on same human biopsies, the expression of both adiponectin, leptin and their receptors in breast cancer tissue using immunohistochemistry, in order to determine the local involvement of these adipokines in breast cancer. We observed that adiponectin and leptin were respectively weakly and strongly expressed in breast cancer cells. We also noted adiponectin and leptin receptors expressions in breast cancer tissue. Consequently, these results suggest the involvement of adipokines in the regulation of breast cancer development and give a new approach for breast cancer prevention and treatment
Libros sobre el tema "Obésité – Cancer"
Les clés de l'alimentation santé: Cancer, Alzheimer, fibromyalgie, fatigue chronique, ostéoporose, dépression, arthrose, obésité : intolérances alimentaires et inflammation chronique. Donnemarie-Dontilly: Éd. Mosaïque-santé, 2012.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Obésité – Cancer"
Boutron-Ruault, M. C. y G. Pourcher. "Obésité et cancer". En Les Obésités, 295–99. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-76753-1.00054-0.
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