Tesis sobre el tema "Nouveau système"
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Benali, Khoudja Mohamed. "Vital : un nouveau système de communication tactile". Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EVRY0037.
Tactile displays are deformable surfaces that simulate skin deformations that occur when interacting with actual materials by transmitting small-scale shape information, vibrations, temperature variation. . . To the fingertip. A new vibrotactile display system shaped as a matrix of micro-electromagnetic actuators is presented and named VITAL (acronym for VibroTactile). VITAL is based on a multilayer design approach. This allows the complexity of the assembling process to be independent from the number of micro-actuators. Conducted experiments indicated that VITAL is well adapted to display form and direction information to persons. Another new application for tactile interfaces is designed. The fundamentals of a new tactile « language » that allows to communicate several information (like emotions) is discussed. Finallly, the thermal transfer exchange occurring between the fingertip and any material surface is investigated to add a new dimension of realism to the tactile information. A thermal model of heat transfers and human factor tasks are presented
Yelome, Épiphanie. "Pertinence du nouveau système de droit foncier au Bénin". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Perpignan, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PERP0039.
The numerous development challenges oblige African States to “reinvent” and reform the land code they inherited from colonization. This reform has not spared Benin, which is confronted with land insecurity of all sorts. In order to achieve that reform, many steps have been taken. The reform undertaken in Benin gradually led to the advent of the new land code which established a new legal system that governs all land (rural, suburban, and urban). The contradictory procedure of land right confirmation is established in replacement of the former land title and permit to inhabit in order to issue a new (revised and reviewed version of) land title. The adoption of this new legal arsenal has given rise to many questions among the various stakeholders concerning its effectiveness. We have found it necessary to make contribution that can foster its adaptation. The objective of this thesis is to make an extensive study of this new system of land right both theoretically and practically
Fares, Galal. "Nouveau système cimentaire cas de la Fritte de verre". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1907.
Fall, Arona. "Donneurs d’électrons organiques : développement d’un nouveau système catalytique photoredox". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0607.
During this last decade, the reactivity of enamine-based organic electron donor (OED) has been widely explored in electron transfer processes. With exceptionally negative redox potentials, OEDs spontaneously promote single (SET) or double electron transfer (DET) to an organic substrate, to form radical or anionic intermediates. However, the use of stoichiometric amount of OEDs limits their competitivity compared to their organometallic and organic catalysts. This thesis project consisted in developing a new catalytic system with OEDs. Different strategies were envisaged. In a first method a catalytic amount of OED would initiate the electron transfer to reduce the substrate. The oxidation of the generated radical intermediate would allow the regeneration of OED. Unfortunately, this strategy was unsuccessful. The second strategy would consist in regenerating the OED from its air-stable oxidized form OED2+ and a sacrificial electron donor (tertiary amine, sodium dithionite or Rongalite®) under photoactivation. Several optimizing steps allowed the development of a new efficient catalytic photoredox system with the oxidized form as photocatalyst and Rongalite® as sacrificial electron donor. This new photoredox catalytic system was applied to the reduction of various functionals groups (sulfone, aryl halide and triflate) by single electron transfer (SET) and double electron transfer (DET). The reactivity of the photocatalytic system was also explored in radical addition reactions
Sabbagh, Laurent. "Nouveau système d'efflux et pompage de drogues chez Pseudomonas aeruginosa". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33746.pdf.
Toussaint, Michel. "Méthodologie et analyse des signaux électroencéphalographiques : développement d'un nouveau système". Mulhouse, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MULH0208.
Broyer, Philippe. "Les réseaux du blanchiment de l'argent : l'émergence d'un nouveau système". Marne-la-Vallée, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MARN0062.
Peltier, Thierry. "La carte blanche : un nouveau système d'exploitation pour objets nomades". Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10166.
Wirbel, Ducoulombier Laure. "Conception d'un nouveau système d'isolation par l'exterieur pour le bâtiment". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECLI0013/document.
In France, the building industry represents 40% of the total energy consumption and 25% of the total carbon dioxide emissions. In the objective of decreasing those impacts, a new thermal regulation called “Réglementation Thermique 2012” (RT2012), has been applied. In that context, the Ecole Centrale de Lille and the company Norpac, have chosen to engage a CIFRE thesis in order to develop a new external thermal insulation system for buildings. It was chosen to use textile materials to compose that system called “Isolpac”, in partnership with Dickson, PEG and the CLUBTEX association. At first, the research work was devoted to the hygrothermal, mechanical and chemical characterisation of the different materials composing the new insulation panel, to define the intrinsic properties of different materials, to compare them with conventional materials, in order to validate the choice of materials for the new insulation system. Two accelerated ageing methods were applied on the fabrics.Then, a particular interest is focused on the hygrothermal equilibrium of the panel by using a dynamic simulation on the software Wufi® following the previous characterization. Moreover, a work on the fire reaction of the panel and on the perspectives of other tests needed to guarantee the mechanical strength was carried out.Finally, the search of fixation and assembling techniques for the panels is presented. Installation in situ at scale one were made. The perspectives of tests for qualifying the mechanical strength and the fire resistance are described. A project of a demonstrating façade is presented to be the support for a demand of an Experimental Technical Agreement of the CSTB
Field, Anne-Christine. "Génération et caractérisation d'une tolérance néonatale à un syndrome autoimmun". Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05N048.
Exposure of newborn animals to a foreign antigen may result in immunological tolerance to that specific antigen : a phenomenon called neonal tolerance. The development of tolerance-inducing therapies, by induction or activation of regulatory lymphocytes to restore tolerance, is a specific apprach in the treatment of autoimmunity. The generation of a tolerance to an an experimental lupus-like autoimmune disease, mediated by autoreactive CD4+ th2 cells and induced by a xenobiotic (mercury salts) , has been obtained. Neonatal administrations of BN rats with mercury salts induce a dominant tolerance, specific for the chemical otherwise responsible for Th2 mediated autoimmune responses. Only CD8+ T cells are endowed with regulatory functions in expansion in neonatal tolerance and mediate active suppression
Rossi, Pierre. "A propos d'un nouveau cas de tumeur à rénine". Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11227.
Carrier, Cynthia. "Étude de l'interaction entre le système d'écoulement local d'une tourbière ombrotrophe et le système d'écoulement des eaux souterraines régionales dans le sud-est du Nouveau-Brunswick : caractérisation et modélisation hydrogéologiques". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33005.
Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2018
Timoneda, Morera Maria Montserrat. "El problema de la substància en el Système Nouveau de Leibniz". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402707.
El objetivo principal de esta tesis es llenar un vacío existente en el ámbito de la investigación leibniziana en cuanto al estudio del Système nouveau y poner de manifiesto la relevancia que tiene este opúsculo de 1695 en el conjunto de la obra filosófica de Leibniz. En concreto, pretende demostrar que el Système nouveau constituye una exposición fundamental e indispensable de la teoría leibniziana de la sustancia y, en consecuencia, una pieza clave del sistema filosófico del pensador alemán. A partir de una exhaustiva exégesis del texto, la investigación pone de manifiesto que la obra es el resultado de una cuidadosa estrategia expositiva por parte de Leibniz e intenta esclarecer el laberinto de intenciones y conceptos que contiene. Por este camino, observa que el filósofo, de manera sucinta, pero implacable, teje una teoría de la sustancia con la cual -a través del diálogo más o menos encubierto con filósofos y filosofías- pretende vencer los errores que observa en las metafísicas anteriores. Así, va ordenando tácticamente las nociones bajo la forma de una hipótesis explicativa que concluye finalmente en una demostración y acaba vertebrando los principios de un sistema. Todo ello, con un último objetivo: realizar una presentación sintética, pero máximamente precisa, contrastada y convincente de su concepción de la sustancia ante la intelectualidad francesa de la época. El estudio, mediante una clarificación detallada del complejo entramado conceptual que presenta el Système nouveau, pone de relieve y describe las singularidades esenciales de la teoría metafísica que contiene este pequeño tratado. De este modo, hace patente que Leibniz expone su filosofía de la sustancia como la única solución a las dificultades derivadas del intricado problema metafísico de la unidad y el ser o laberinto del continuo, y con este fin la desarrolla gradualmente partiendo de una teoría de la sustancia simple, pasando por una concepción de la sustancia compuesta y acabando en la hipótesis de los acuerdos o armonía preestablecida, con la cual vincula todos los principios anteriores en la unidad de un sistema. La investigación también desvela una importante evolución entre la filosofía de la sustancia expuesta en el Discours de Métaphysique y la que describe en este opúsculo de 1695, que està condicionada por el intercambio epistolar con Antoine Arnauld y los adelantos que había hecho el filósofo en el campo de la dinámica; además, destaca la precisión conceptual que logra la teoría gracias al carácter dialéctico de la obra, que somete el pensamiento leibniziano a un debate continuo con la filosofía escolástica, el mecanicismo moderno y el ocasionalismo. En último término, la tesis pone de manifiesto que el Système nouveau despliega una versión demostrativa de la teoría de la sustancia y de la armonía preestablecida, siguiendo los parámetros lógicos del propio filósofo, y señala que la hipótesis de los acuerdos, en esta obra, sufre una modificación epistemológica relevante: pasa de ser presentada como una hipótesis a serlo como un sistema metafísico, que a su vez fundamenta un sistema físico. Toda esta tarea de interpretación y elucidación comporta unos complejos análisis que, a menudo, se escapan de los límites del Système nouveau y buscan sentido en otros escritos del autor, sobre todo en el Discours de Métaphysique, la correspondencia con Arnauld y los textos de dinámica. El resultado de este proceso supone el establecimiento de un amplio tejido de relaciones conceptuales entre el opúsculo de 1695 y un extenso conjunto de obras leibnizianas, así como un esfuerzo de precisar y arriesgar interpretaciones sobre determinados aspectos esenciales de la filosofía del pensador alemán. Finalmente, el estudio concluye que el Système nouveau es la primera síntesis del sistema filosófico leibniziano en su versión más madura y, como consecuencia, constituye la obra esencial para poderlo analizar genéticamente y en términos de evolución.
The main aim of this thesis is to fill a gap in the field of Leibnizian research regarding the study of the Système nouveau and to show the relevance of this booklet dated from 1695 to the rest of Leibniz’s work. The specific target is to demonstrate that the Système nouveau constitutes a fundamental and indispensable display of the Leibnizian theory of substances and is consequently a key piece of the German thinker’s philosophical work. Through an exhaustive exegesis of the text, the research shows that the work is the result of a careful strategy of presentation by Leibniz and attempts to clarify the labyrinth of intentions and concepts. That way, it shows that the philosopher, succinctly but implacably, weaves a theory of substances with which –through more or less covert dialogue with philosophers and philosophies- he aims to overcome the errors he observes in earlier metaphysics. Thus, he organises the notions tactically under the form of an explanatory hypothesis that finally becomes a display and ends up structuring the principles of a system. All together, this has a final objective: to make a synthetic presentation, but one that is as accurate, proven and compelling as possible, of his conception of substance to the French intelligentsia of the time. Through a detailed elucidation of the complex conceptual framework that the Système nouveau presents, the study reveals and describes the essential singularities of the theory of substances that this brief treatise contains. This way, it shows that Leibniz presents the philosophy of substances as the only solution to the difficulties derived from the intricate metaphysical problem of the unit and the being or labyrinth of the continuous, and, to this end, he develops it in stages, starting with a simple theory of substances, passing through a conception of the compound substance and ending in the hypothesis of the agreements or pre-established harmony, with which he links it all to the anterior principles of the unity of a system. The research also reveals an important evolution between the philosophy of substances presented in the Discours de Métaphysique and the one he describes in this 1695 booklet, which is conditioned by the epistolary exchange of the philosopher with Antoine Arnauld and the advances he had made in the field of dynamics. Moreover, what stands out is the conceptual precision that the theory reaches thanks to the marked dialectic character of the work, which submits Leibnizian thought to an ongoing debate with scholastic philosophy, modern mechanicism and occasionalism. Lastly, the thesis shows that the Système nouveau deploys a demonstrative version of the theory of substances and the agreements, following the philosopher’s own logical parameters, and indicates that, in this work, the hypothesis of pre-established harmony undergoes a relevant epistemological modification: it goes from being presented as “a hypothesis” to become “a metaphysical system”, which in turn is based on a physical one. All this work of interpretation and clarification leads to a complex analysis that often goes beyond the text of the Système nouveau and seeks sense in other writings by the author, especially the Discours de Métaphysique, the correspondence with Arnauld and the texts on dynamics. The result of this process supposes the establishment of a wide network of conceptual relations between the booklet of 1695 and an extensive set of Leibnizian works, as well as an effort to define and risk interpretations about certain essential aspects of the his philosophy. Finally, the study leads to the conclusion that the Système nouveau is the first synthesis of the Leibnizian philosophical system in its more mature version and, as a consequence, constitutes the essential work to enable it to be analysed genetically and in terms of evolution.
Coubart, Aurélie. "Un ou deux systèmes de représentation de la numérosité chez le nouveau-né ?" Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H108.
Many studies showed that two systems are available to encode numerosities without the use of number words. These two systems have been shown to exist in adults, animals, and also in infants. The first system can represent approximate numerosities: the capacity to discriminate between two numerosities depends on their ratio difference. The second system has for primary role the spatiotemporal tracking of objects. The parallel individuation of several objects enables the system to encode implicitly the numerosity of a set. Contrary to the first system, the second can encode exact numerosities, however this system is limited by the number of objects that can be tracked (4 in adults, 3 in infants from 5 months of age). These two systems have been shown to exist in infants before the acquisition of number words, however, the question of their emergence and of their links remains. While a study showed that the approximate system exists from birth on, we do not know if the second system exists at the same age. In two series of studies, using audiovisual bimodal situations, we tested the existence of a system specific for small sets in newborn infants. The first set of experiments showed a dissociation between small and large numerosities. The next experiments revealed the existence of the system for small sets from birth on, however this system appears to be limited to 2 objects, while it has a limit of 3 in older infants. In order to study the link between the two systems for encoding numerosity, a third group of experiments was conducted with 5-month-old infants. These experiments, described in a supplementary chapter, tested the continuity between small and large numerosities using a crossmodal transfer paradigm between tactile and visual modalities
Xiong, Sha. "Pédagogies actives et éducation musicale en Chine : le Nouveau Système en construction". Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040065.
Our research concerns the attempt to build what is called New System. This method is being developed, with some discretion, mainly in Central Conservatoire Beijing. This “New System” seems to be inspired by three European active methods (Jaques-Dalcroze, Orff and Kodaly). The aim of the research, after having described the historical context, is first to identify methods which inspired the "New System", the contribution of factors particular to China. Then, trying to understand the relationship between the emergence of this New System and Chinese society. We chose direct observation, semi-structured interviews with trainers and trainees, analysis of video and analysis of the interviews. The overall analysis of the data shows that New System directories include Chinese folk songs that are often rewritten and adapted to the needs of the teaching of the New System, many Western songs, Western tonal music, improvised tonal music. There is little room for the teaching of Chinese traditional music. This research allows us to understand on one hand, that there is a demand for the field of education (including music) to train future creative citizens to meet the needs of economic transformation. On the other hand, that there is a desire to maintain the unity of China. In this New System, there is a tendency towards a certain autonomy of the individual. However, this desire may conflict with the maintenance of social cohesion in a country where many people live and where reigned a long authoritarian tradition
Dion, Éric. "Isolement et caractérisation d'un nouveau système d'avortement de l'infection chez Lactococcus lactis". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0016/MQ49011.pdf.
Tolkovanov, Vyacheslav. "La mise en place du nouveau système de l'autonomie locale en Ukraine". Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR30005.
Our study produced new empirical results on the establishment of the new system of local self-government in Ukraine : observations on historical evolution of the system of local self-government in Ukraine, remarks on guidelines of the administrative and territorial reform, an analysis of the judicial status, competences and resources of the territorial communities. Results of the research demonstrate the development of local and regional democracy to be a key element for the successful realisation of democratic reforms in Ukraine. The reform of local administration foresees profound institutional changes in the organisation of public power in Ukraine: more precise distribution of the competences between the central power and different levels of local authorities, clarification in the national legislation of the status of “gromada”, “raïon” and “oblast”, provision of financial resources to territorial communities for realisation of the new functions, elaboration of the new strategy of training for local authorities' staff to be more productive in their activity and to ensure better the demands of citizens
Наше дослідження представило нові емпіричні дослідження щодо впровадження нової системи місцевого самоврядування в Україні: роздуми щодо історичної еволюції системи місцевого управління в Україні, зауваження щодо головних орієнтирів адміністративно-територіальної реформи, аналіз юридичного статусу, компетенцій та ресурсів територіальних громад. Результати нашого дослідження показують, що розвиток місцевої та регіональної демократії є ключовим елементом для успіху демократичних реформ в Україні. Реформа місцевої адміністрації передбачає глибинні інституційні зміни в організації публічної влади в Україні: більш чіткий розподіл компетенцій між центральним урядом та різними рівнями місцевих влад, уточнення у національному законодавстві статусу громади, району та області, наділення територіальних громад фінансовими ресурсами, необхідними для реалізації нових функцій, розробка нової стратегії навчання службовців органів місцевого самоврядування, які мають бути більш ефективними у своїй діяльності і краще задовольняти потреби громадян
Carbajo, Jiménez Patricia. "Méthodologie d'optimisation d'un nouveau concept de système solaire thermique hybride eau-air". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAA025/document.
Thermal regulation demands the construction of more efficient buildings that use less energy, in particular for heating. Air renewal, which is necessary to guarantee indoor air quality, represents a significant thermal loss in the energy balance of efficient buildings. Moreover, domestic hot water (DHW) needs become more important than heating needs. In this context, solar thermal systems can produce a significant part of the thermal needs in buildings. Indeed, this work studies a solar thermal system producing DHW and fresh air preheating. The operating principle is first analysed experimentally. As the system seems promising, a co-simulation between Dymola (using the Modelica language) and EnergyPlus is used to do a detailed study of the system performances in a building based on different assumptions and for different design parameters. The results show a better collector yield and tank efficiency regarding a classic solar water heater, as well as an increase of the solar fraction including DHW production, air preheating and space heating
Brillant, Gaëlle. "Les réformes du système bancaire chinois : vers un nouveau "modèle de capitalisme" ?" Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0020/document.
The Chinese culture and methods are still unknown for the non-Asian world. Besides, the Chinese banking system is a merge of culture and ancient traditions and modern methods and concepts imported from abroad. This particular mix is difficult to characterize. The objective of this thesis is to ascertain if the current Chinese banking system, heart of the country's financial system, can be considered as the core of a model of capitalism as defined by the Regulation Theory - today or tomorrow- through an analysis of its history, structure and evolution up to the implementation of Basel III and Wenzhou’s reforms. Many experts agree that the banking system requires deep reforms, including the withdrawal of state control and a greater openness. However, this type of reform would transform deeply the institutional relationships. If the government allows a much more powerful market institution then the core of the current banking system would be changed beyond recognition. Recent Chinese reforms show a real political will to liberalize the Chinese financial sector, but they also highlight the obstacles faced by actors of the system. Besides, the implementation methods don’t suggest characteristics of a model or culture but a strong willingness of the state to remain the dominant institution
Charlebois, Maxime. "Système d'asservissement de SPIOMM : implantation et caractérisation du nouveau système d'asservissement et application à la nébuleuse du Crabe". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25819/25819.pdf.
Sourioux, Mélissa. "Étude des mécanismes de coordination des activités rythmiques locomotrices et sympathiques au sein d’un réseau spinal activé par l’acétylcholine chez le rat nouveau-né". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0895/document.
Locomotion, as any other forms of physical activity, mobilizes the autonomic nervous system to match the increasing physiological demand. These autonomic responses mostly rely on the coupling between sympathetic and somatic motor activities. The propriospinal cholinergic system plays an important role in the control of locomotor networks, and several lines of evidences suggest that it may also activate sympathetic preganglionic neurons from the intermediolateral nucleus (IMLs). The aim of my doctoral thesis was to investigate the role of the cholinergic propriospinal system in the coordination between these two systems. Using the in vitro isolated spinal cord from new born rat, we showed that application of acetylcholine synchronized the locomotor and sympathetic networks, via the activation of muscarinic receptors. Indeed, the non-selective agonist oxotremorine induced slow rhythmic activity blocked by M1, M2, M3 and M4 muscarinic receptor antagonists. In addition, oxotremorine revealed endogenous rhythmogenic capabilities of the thoracic segments. This slow oscillatory activity propagated from thoracic ventral roots to lumbar ones, but not the reverse. We observed that thoracic MNs were rhythmically activated during both locomotorlike activity and oxotremorine-induced rhythm. In contrast, IMLs were rhythmically activated solely in the presence of oxotremorine. This study provides new light on the origin of the coupling between the somatic and the sympathetic systems. We propose that synchronizing mechanisms are achieved in part by an intraspinal network which may be activated under the control of the cholinergic propriospinal system
Jacquet, Arnaud Georges. "Nouveau concept de lois de commande intégrées pour un système de freinage d'avion". Mulhouse, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2007MULH0878.
The present study is focused on the design and the validation of a new braking strategy for aeronautical applications. The analysis extends from the control of the brakes to the integration of the braking algorithms at the aircraft level. The redesign of the braking architecture is needed because of the emergence of some new functions with the aim of helping the manoeuvres of the aircraft during taxiing phases. Furthermore, the classical hydraulic brake will sooner or later be substituted for the electric one and the braking algorithms need to deal with the two technologies in a transparent way. Braking of vehicles has been studied for decades now. Among the whole literature, it has been shown that the control laws based on some behavioral models of the system can greatly reduce the complexity of the controller. But, the observation of the physical parameters governing the dynamics of the wheel is difficult. Taking advantage of a newly available brake torque sensor, the main characteristics of the evolution of the adhesion torque with respect to the wheel slip can be estimated. Then, the rotational behavior of the wheel is fully determined. Finally, a predictive controller is advantageously used to prevent excessive skid of the wheel and to optimize the braking level in a simple process
Letourneux, Jean-Pierre. "Nouveau système catalytique hétérogène d'ouverture de cycles oxygénés : étude du mécanisme de polymérisation". Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10005.
Naoum, Rafah. "Etude d'un capteur angulaire en optique intégrée : nouveau système d'enregistrement des réseaux holographiques". Limoges, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIMO0055.
Thiam, Ibrahima. "Le système de financement immobilier en France dans le nouveau concept d'intermédiation financière". Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/136513417#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
The object of this research is to explain the implications of the financial change in the process of financing of the real estate. The central assumption rests on the effects of the financing of market in the socio-economic environment of the residential real estate. The integration of the financing of market in the real estate increases uncertainties in a very complex sector and subjects it to the traditional rules of the market by the increase in the prices and exclusion. The real estate is not only one social need, but it is also goods and a privileged sector of intervention of the managers of inheritance. This thesis shows the impotence of the authorities to thwart the logic of market which is based on a banking structure equipped with a new financial power with an abundant offer of resources and mechanisms of risk management in front of the rise of new risks
Molineri, Anaïs. "Un nouveau dispositif pour étudier la relaxation d'un système quantique à N corps". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLO013/document.
This manuscript presents the first steps of a new ultracold atoms experiment using strontium 84. The aim of this experiment is to study the relaxation dynamics of quantum gases initially prepared in an out-of-equilibrium state. This experiment will include a quantum gas microscope, allowing us to measure spatial correlation functions in two-dimensionnal systems. The current state of the construction allows us to generate both magneto-optical trap of strontium: along its wide transition at 461 nm and its narrow transition at 689 nm. Concurrently with the experimental setup, we carried out works on a reconstruction algorithm required for the future data processing of the microscope images. This manuscript details experimental aspects, justifying their choices, and presents the current state of work on the reconstruction algorithm. There are still steps to complete the experimental setup: add a chamber where we will make the measurements to the vaccuum system, set up the quantum gaz microscope and all the required optics to transport the atomic clouds between two vaccuum chambers, to reach Bose-Einstein condensation and to confine the atoms in two-dimensionnal optical traps
Dartois, Arnaud. "Au-delà du tas de sable, un nouveau modèle combinatoire : le modèle flèche-hauteur". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPXX0051.
Chevilley, Arnaud. "MET, un nouveau partenaire de l'activateur tissulaire du plasminogène dans le système nerveux central". Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN3167.
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a potent mitogen and a pro-survival factor in a large spectrum of cells, including neurons. Its receptor, called MET, is known to play a key role during development and in diseases. Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is the active compound of Actilyse®, the only-approved drug for the clinical treatment of the acute phase of ischemia (alone or combined with thrombectomy). This serine protease is implicated in the degradation of fibrin clots, but also controls the NMDA- glutamatergic neurotransmission (NMDAR, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate) within the brain parenchyma. TPA exists in two active forms: a single-chain (sc-) and a two-chain (tc-) form. Within the vascular compartment, sc- and tc-tPA have the same ability to bind to fibrin and display the same fibrinolytic activity. Within the brain parenchyma, the tPAs play differential roles in neuronal survival. Only the sc-tPA promotes glutamate signaling and excitotoxicity. TPAs share structural homologies with HGF. During this thesis, I demonstrate that only the tc-tPA can convert pro-HGF into HGF and activate MET. I also show the neuronal existence of MET/NMDA-R complexes on neurons. Moreover, the indirect activation of MET by tc-tPA increases the number of these complexes and inhibits NMDAR signaling and excitotoxic neuronal death. Finally, in a mice model of cerebral ischemia, we validate that the activation of MET increases the therapeutic window of Actilyse®
Vuong, Thi Kim Thanh. "Développement d'un nouveau système d'analyse cytologique basé sur la localisation spécifique d'un marqueur fluorescent". Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066734.
Montazemi, Roya. "L'ex-Turkestan et la naissance d'un nouveau sous-système en Asie du Sud-Ouest". Paris 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA020137.
This is about three republics of central asia, tajikistan, turkmenistan, and uzbekistan (former turkestan) in regional relations and the emergence of a sub-system with iran, afghanistan, pakistan, turkey and azerbaijan in south-west of asia. In the preliminary part, concepts of system and sub-system in international relations as well as the sub-systems of the world have been studied. In the first part the region has been studied from the historical point of view where ties between people living in this area and those living the platue of iran had been to an extent that they actually formed a system. Fallen into soviet and formed to republics the study, in the framework of modernization theory, extended to cover their political, economic and socio-cultural aspects which reveals how the soviet policies distroyed cultural unity in the region which at present is the main source of various crisis such as identity crisis, legitimacy crisis etc. . . In the second part each of these republics are separatly studied as independent states in terms of political, economic and cultural situation as well as their relations within international political system structure of which, level and nature of communications with nearby countries, and structure of power, are the important elements in formation of subsystems
Ghazli, Miloud. "Sur un nouveau système de localisation de véhicules guidés utilisant de simples réflecteurs métalliques". Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10073.
Ouassou, Najib. "Étude d'un nouveau système intumescent "retard au feu" : pyrophosphate diammonique-pentaérythritol : application au polypropylène". Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10070.
Bayon, Emilie. "Nouveau système de délivrance d'antigènes à base de nanoparticules lipidiques (Lipidots) pour formulation vaccinale". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAV003/document.
The development of vaccines was one of the major health advances of the last century, with the success of smallpox eradication in 1980. Historical vaccines, based on attenuated or killed pathogens thus strongly immunogenic were finally replaced by subunit candidates, much safer but also poorly immunogenic. Therefore, adjuvants such as vectors and immunostimulants were incorporated in vaccine formulations in order to generate immune responses of high magnitude. However, actual adjuvants authorized in human vaccines only trigger humoral immune responses, with the production of antibodies which neutralize extracellular pathogens. Yet, some pathogens such as HIV require the induction of a cell-mediated immunity, necessary to eliminate viral reservoirs in infected cells. In this context, new adjuvant systems are being developed in order to identify the most efficient and safe candidates. Here we describe the approach followed to prepare a stable, safe and versatile vector consisting in lipid nanoparticles (LNP), for the delivery of antigens. We first report the proof of concept of antigen delivery based on the model ovalbumin, leading to the significant enhancement of humoral responses in vivo in mice. Thereafter, we focused on the induction of cell-mediated immune responses through the vectorization of both antigens and immunostimulants. Several combinations and vectorization strategies were assessed in the aim to identify the best prototype for a study of protection against tumor challenge. Finally, we applied these systems to HIV and its capsid antigen p24, which allowed us to conduct an immunogenicity study on a non-human primate model. Altogether, these results highlight the versatility of LNP and their ability to induce potent humoral and cell-mediated immune responses
Chamaillard, Yann. "Modélisation et identification de systèmes complexes : application à des véhicules routiers en vue de l'étude d'un nouveau système de freinage". Mulhouse, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MULH0437.
Nguyen, An-Te. "COCoFil2 : Un nouveau système de filtrage collaboratif basé sur le modèle des espaces de communautés". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00353945.
Le premier aspect de la gestion des communautés à étudier est la capacité des utilisateurs à percevoir des communautés. D'une part, la perception des communautés permet d'améliorer la confiance des utilisateurs dans les recommandations générées à partir de ces communautés, et par conséquent de les motiver à fournir des évaluations sur lesquelles appuyer la formation des communautés pour le filtrage collaboratif. D'autre part, cette capacité autorise les utilisateurs à explorer d'autres communautés potentiellement intéressantes.
Le second aspect à prendre en compte est les informations sur lesquelles appuyer la formation des communautés. On voit dans la réalité qu'une personne reçoit souvent toutes sortes de recommandations intéressantes de ses proches, de ses collègues de travail, etc. Nous émettons donc l'hypothèse que la multiplicité des critères pour former des communautés, incluant profession, centres d'intérêt, historique des évaluations, etc., peut être exploitée pour enrichir les recommandations générées pour un utilisateur.
Enfin, les communautés d'un utilisateur évoluent au cours du temps. En raison de la multiplicité des critères, la qualité du positionnement des utilisateurs au sein des communautés est conditionnée par la qualité des valeurs données pour chaque utilisateur à chaque critère. Certains critères demandent beaucoup d'efforts de la part des utilisateurs, et peuvent être coûteux également pour le système, d'où des difficultés à positionner les utilisateurs dans des communautés.
Ainsi, pour la gestion des communautés dans un système de filtrage collaboratif, nous proposons le modèle des espaces de communautés qui présente les caractéristiques suivantes : gestion des communautés explicites, formation multiple des communautés selon divers critères et stratégie de positionnement des utilisateurs au sein des communautés.
L'intégration de notre modèle des espaces de communautés dans un système de filtrage collaboratif permet donc d'améliorer l'exploitation des communautés formées à partir des critères disponibles dans les profils des utilisateurs. Nous présentons la plateforme du filtrage collaboratif COCoFil2 comme la mise en œuvre du modèle proposé ainsi que nos travaux de validation sur un jeu de données réelles.
Marot, Laurent. "Développement d'un nouveau système d'implantation ionique en immersion plasma et analyses des processus de nitruration". Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003632.
El, Maach Ismail. "Développement d'un nouveau système pour analyser la biocinématique du genou, application : évaluation de l'orthèse plantaire". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0007/MQ38677.pdf.
Desgagné, Véronique. "Perturbation épigénétique du système IGF dans le placenta de nouveau-nés exposés à l'hyperglycémie maternelle". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6292.
Schenk, Thomas. "Le béton armé en France, 1889-1914 : expression architecturale d'un nouveau système technologique de construction". Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24685/24685.pdf.
Marcellin, Félix. "Analyse de la précision d’un nouveau système de capture du mouvement optique : cas du Mokam". Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. https://bibliotheque.utc.fr/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/2021COMP2626.
Many motion capture systems emerge each year. However, although these systems are part of the family of metrology tools, the information on measurement accuracy is heterogeneous and their scope is at the discretion of the user. In this context, the research question I asked myself was : how to compare the accuracy of motion capture systems of different technologies and how to define a compatible application ? In this thesis, I was interested in optical motion analysis systems with markers. The two motion capture systems I used are the Mokam system (Kinestesia ,Verton, France) and the Vicon system (Oxford Metrics, United Kingdom). The latter is considered as the reference. In order to obtain the precision information of a system, I proposed an experimental protocol to evaluate the precision in statics and during the realisation of movement. Then I identified applications for postural control or quantified analysis of the locomotion achievable by a system according to its precision capabilities. This research work aloud, in a first step, to evaluate the spatial precision of three-dimensional localisation of these two systems transposable to all marker-based motion capture systems. Secondly, it was shown that measurement accuracy is a crucial point in determining the application of these systems. In other words, not every motion capture system can be dedicated to every application
Zhou, Xi. "Nouveau système de contrôle Radiofréquence de micro-algues pour la santé et le bien-être". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CERG0845/document.
The development of products based on polysaccharides from microalgae involves extensive study of biotechnological ways of cultivation. In order to optimize these new products, from the formation of microalgae, a new non-destructive testing system online and without contact has been developed as part of this thesis. It is based on the measurement by induction of dielectric properties (permittivity and conductivity) in the field of radio frequency (1-400MHz). This document shows that inside the corresponding scale of investigation, it is possible to follow both the evolution of the culture medium and the exopolymer formation, via the measurement of complex permittivity of these materials. The proof of concept, required the development of a resonant low cost system particularly sensitive, used as a transceiver, and theoretical and experimental solution of an inverse problem in near fields. This system that operates in a photobioreactor prototype, was used to extract the evolution of characteristics variables of microalgae cultivation. This thesis is part of a larger collaborative project valuation of assets derived from microalgae with Phycosource companies Pronovalg, Bio-EC, and LVMH as part of a FUI
Buscemi, Isabella Chiara. "Conception et réalisation d’un nouveau système d’imagerie biomédicale fondé sur l’exploitation de la lumière polarisée". Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1119.
(…) The domain of the biomedical imaging was widely developed. In this context, this thesis aims at the conception and at the realization of a new plan exploiting the wavelength and the state polarimétrique of a beam of light. The final goal of this optical method is the application in the early biomedical diagnosis, and more particularly in the field of the dermatology. It is important to call back that the analyzed environment does not undergo either biopsy or agent's injection of contrast. So, this technique is not invasive and is made without contact. Besides, as often as regards the visible optics, this system is low-cost and the calibration remains relatively accessible; What makes a device very well adapted to the use in medical routine has the instar of the optical probes which equip the current saturomètres. In a first part of this manuscript, the mathematical methods said about "Stokes" and about "Mueller" are presented. This allows us to introduce easily the description of our system polarimétrique as well as the calculation of the degree of polarization (DOP). We reserve a whole chapter of the manuscript for the calibration of the plan, for the evaluation of its possibilities as well as for his theoretical and experimental limits. This protocol thus allows the measure of the degree of linear, circular and elliptic polarization of any system rétrodiffusion. Let us add that this measure is made in multispectral according to three channels defined well (red, green and blue) and quite there almost time - reality, that is has a rhythm about 12 images per second in full resolution. The DOP, defined as the difference normalized of component orthogonal of the electric field, is studied and correlated in the properties optics of distribution of the studied systems
Randranto, Malala. "La pertinence du nouveau système de droit foncier de Madagascar : (la réforme foncière de 2005)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010263/document.
The land question is an important issue in most African countries. Indeed, legal, economic and social constrain these states to reconsider their systems of land-law, mostly inherited from the colonial administration. Recognizing these issues, Madagascar reforms the land law in 2005. This reform challenges two fundamental principles: on the one hand, the principle of presumption of state ownership of land unregistered and on the other hand, the monopoly of the land registers by the State. Reform begins with the 2003 Act. It’s first intervened to make the first changes. The idea of a transfer of jurisdiction to the common land sup was then taken up and confirmed in 2005 by the Politique de Lettre Foncière. The 2005-19 and 2006-31 Acts give to the user the choice between the procedure based on the registration and certification for the security of his property rights. The implementation of this new land-law system has generated a lot of questions and it is important to contribute to answer these questions. The objective of this dissertation is to study the relevance of this new land-law, trying not to be limited to the theoretical but also considering the practical aspect of the question
Prot, Damien. "Un nouveau système de trafic aérien à taux de conflits potentiels et consommation énergétique réduits". Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0097.
Ln this Ph D, we propose the study of a new air traffic system, characterized by a high level of organization. Aircraft are compelled to follow immaterial moving points during their flight. These moving points are organized and sequenced in order to avoid conflicts between aircraft. We consider an underlying problem of this paradigm. It can be seen as a maximum independent set problem on an infinite graph under constraints. We first give theoretical results on this problem and make links with the colouration problem; then we propose resolution heuristics, leading to a global air traffic system. Finally, we develop these heuristics and expose numerical results
Augusto, Ludovic. "Conception d'un sous-système de prédiction de collisions temps réel embarqué au sein d'un nouveau système de protection des occupants d'un véhicule". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0746.
Djeddi, Djamal-Dine. "Etude des interactions entre le reflux gastrooesophagien, le système nerveux autonome et le sommeil chez le nouveau-né". Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIED001.
Kaufling, Jennifer. "La queue GABAergique de l’aire tegmentale ventrale : un nouveau centre de contrôle des systèmes dopaminergiques". Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA6015.
The midbrain dopaminergic systems play a key role in various brain functions, and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) is one of the main structure from which these systems originate. In the years 2000, a new subregion of the VTA was identified and named tVTA for “tail of the VTA”. Essentially GABAergic, this region accumulates the transcription factor DeltaFosB in response to cocaine or amphetamines. In rats, we did a screening of twenty molecules to assess their capacity to express FosB in the tVTA. The results indicate that the induction of FosB in the tVTA is specific to psychostimulant drugs and occurs only in GABAergic neurons. Our work also allowed to delineate the neuroanatomical boundaries of the tVTA and to analyze the connections of this new brain region. Its afferents are numerous and essentially similar to those of the VTA, suggesting that the tVTA belongs to the VTA. On the contrary, the efferents are more restricted. The tVTA projects mainly to the A9 and A10 dopaminergic cell groups. These projections are GABAergic and tVTA fibers do appositions with the soma of DA neurons in the VTA, including those projecting to the nucleus accumbens. Finally, using in vivo electrophysiology, we demonstrated that the stimulation of the tVTA inhibits DA neurons of the VTA. These results allowed us to identify a new brain region that may be a control center of the dopaminergic systems. This discovery should lead to numerous studies to understand how the tVTA is involved in the physiology and pathology of the dopaminergic systems
Ferino, Fabrice. "Développement d'un système de test des promoteurs dans la cyanobactérie Synechocystis PCC6803 et mise en évidence d'un nouveau système de transfert de gènes". Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112326.
Jameh, Nawara. "Systeme protéolytique de surface de "streptococcus thermophilus" : variabilité des capacités d'hydrolyse des caséines : caractérisation d'un nouveau système de transport de peptides". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0197/document.
S. thermophilus is a widely used bacterium in the manufacture of dairy products. The capacity of S. thermophilus to generate bioactive peptides from bovine caseins was studied. Ten strains expressing different levels of the cell envelope protease, PrtS, were incubated with [alpha]s1-, [alpha]s2- or [beta]-casein. Number and type of peptides released were strain-dependent. Peptides known as bioactive peptides were detected: 13 peptides were generated from [beta]-casein, 5 peptides from [alpha]s2-casein and 2 peptides from [alpha]s1-casein. The use of this bacterium for the production of such peptides in the food products requires the least internalization of these peptides by this bacterium. We were interested in knowing the peptide transport system present in the species S. thermophilus. A collection of 22 strains of S. thermophilus was chosen to study the genetic variability of peptide transport systems present within the species. First of all, we evaluated the phylogenetic proximity between selected strains by MLST, and then the genetic variability of the transport system of oligopeptides Ami and di- and tripeptides transporter, DtpT were studied in this collection. A cluster consisting of four genes, annotated as ABC transporter of peptides and nickel was detected in the genome of strain LMD-9, and called Ots. It is present in 9 of 22 strains of S. thermophilus and is transcribed throughout the growth in M17 medium. The Ots system seems to be involved in the internalization of smaller sized peptides
Ducrocq, Jacques. "Réactivité cardiovasculaire à différentes stimulations sonores chez des enfants prématurés à terme". Amiens, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AMIED001.