Tesis sobre el tema "Normes sociales – Psychologie sociale – Écologie"
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Suchier, Johann. "Justification du système, idéologies et jugement social : étude de la modernisation écologique selon une perspective de psychologie sociale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0447.
Texto completoPositioning itself within a critical and societal approach to environmental issues, this thesis proposes to study, from the perspective of social psychology, a social science theory and a conception of environmental policies introduced in environmental sociology: Ecological Modernization (EM). This approach, hegemonic within the European institutions, can be conceptualized as a belief system legitimizing a certain conception of social order and can, therefore, be considered as an ideology. The latter would allow, at the same time, to recognize the existence of environmental problems and to argue that the current socio-economic systems have the capacity to deal with them without undergoing fundamental changes. In a first series of research, we mobilized the System Justification Theory (SJT), as well as the concept of social paradigm, in order to study the extent to which the EM could play the role of a social order legitimizing ideology at a psychological level. In a second series of research, we studied the normative dimension of EM. For this, we mobilized the socio-cognitive approach of norms in articulation with the SJT. This thesis underlines the interest of a social order reading grid for studies related to environmental issues. In this perspective, it invites us to no longer consider pro-environmental beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors as constituting a homogeneous block, but rather to situate them on a continuum according to the degree of social change that they imply
Bourjot-Deparis, Julien. "L'étiquetage social au service du marketing social". Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090056.
Texto completoSocial labeling is a persuasion technique which consists of assigning a label to an individual (i.e. personality trait or value) in order to see him/her comply with it. This approach, which is positive for the target individual because it is based on labeling socially valued qualities, provides good results on behavioral changes. This work intends to question the effectiveness of social labeling in a social marketing approach. Using four experimental studies, we test the relevance of the method in the areas of citizenship and taxes (studies 1.1 & 1.2), students drug and alcohol use (study 2), and children environmental awareness (study 3). We show that the technique can be effective in a social communications approach, but requires an appropriate understanding of the application context
Morin-Messabel, Christine. "Bicatégorisation asymétrique de sexe, normes sociales et stratégies évaluatives entre groupes". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF20041.
Texto completoBelonging to a sex implicates a power relation in which the male sex category is themost dominant. After having presented the principle theories about psychological sex variables, it's in the socicognitive approach that this variable is analysed. The theoretical discussion is oriented towards a conceptualisation of different sexes that is related to social significations and social characteristics inherent in situations of interaction. The type of "insertion subjects" determine (whether or not) the power between sexes. The scholastic institution, by its functioning and goals, by nature, activates the asymmetry power. Three experiments are therefore carried out in order to study the apparition conditions of differences between sexes vis a vis evaluation strategies between groups and also in relation to an scholastic task anticipation, valued differently. The population for the first experiment is one hundred and sixty nine subjects, and three hundred and thirty one for the other two. The general result shows the existence of sex differences in relation to evaluation strategies under certain experimental conditions. The differences of sexes are not static but depend on situational characteristics in which the subjects fin themselves. The degree of social stakes inherent in scholastic situations constitute a differenciation factor between the sexes : the theoretical conclusion is therefore oriented towards a necessity to take into
Dompnier, Benoît. "La valeur sociale des explications causales : norme d’internalité, jugements scolaires et registres de valeur". Grenoble 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE29055.
Texto completoThe aim of the current work is to investigate the social value of causal explanations in the explanation of events and scholastic judgments. More particularly, this work, grounded on the norm of internality theory (Beauvois & Dubois, 1988), suggests to extend the study of the value of causal explanations beyond this distinction between internal and external causalities. In a first part that took place in academic settings (in college and in elementary school), we studied variations of value within the internal causal register. A first set of three studies (studies 1a, 1b and 2) shows that 1) all internal explanations are not judged the same way 2) the sociocognitive approach if internality (Beauvois & Dubois, 1988) and the attributional approach of interpersonal relations (Weiner, 1995) are additional rather than paradoxical since we have been able to specify the specific judgments that are concerned by each one of these. Two additional studies (studies 3 and 4), conducted in natural class settings, reveal furthermore that the value of causal explanations varies according to the mobilized paradigm (self-presentation paradigm vs. Identification/judgment paradigm). This leads us, in a second part, to investigate the fluctuations of causal explanations value on both social utility designed to mesure these dimensions among middle school children, (studies 5,6 and 7), allowed us to conducted two new studies (study 8 and 9) that confirm this approach. Additional analyses on the data reveal that every explanation has a specific value on both components of social value. The last experimental study (study 10) brings to the fore that the specific value of each causal
Py, Jacques. "La connaissance de la norme sociale d'internalité et ses conséquences au plan socio-cognitif". Grenoble 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE29054.
Texto completoThis thesis and the seven experimental researchs which support it, was constructed on an ideally original concept in the field of social psychology, and in which one more restricted of social cognition: the normative clearsightedness (clairvoyance normative) in reference to the norm of internality, the normative clearsightedness is defines as the knowledge, that the subject has about the social value of the internal register of causal explanation. Three parts constitue the corpus of the text. The first one is consacreate to make operational the normative clearsightedness on eleven and twelve children olded. The second and the third parts deal with normative clearsightedness and norm of internality in social cognitive process : the process of rationalization and the process of internalization. A general discussion is about several propositions concerns the perspectives given by this new concept of normative clearsightedness
Vallée, Boris. "Normativité de l'internalité, jugement évaluatif et clairvoyance normative en contexte sportif : études menées en football". Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21278.
Texto completoTaking on the perspective of the theory of the norm of internality, we investigate its existence 1) in the causal attributions of young football players, and 2) in the evaluative judgments of football trainers. Studies 1a ans 1b demonstrate the presence of a norm of internality in the field of football. Considering the value of events, the categories of internality, and life domains, a differential normative activation appears. A second set of studies (studies 2a and 2b) show that 1) in a situation of detection, athletic criteria are predominant, while 2) in a situation of inclusion in a team, the normative dimension is central. Finally (study 3), focusing on normative clearsightedness (theoretically based on the content of educational applications experienced by the individual), trainig sessions employing separate methods (technical versus global) reveal a modest effect of globals methods on the degree of players’ normative clearsightedness
Bertrand-Cassignol, Florence. "Valorisation de la motivation intrinsèque : normativité et traitement explicite versus implicite de sa valeur sociale". Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30081.
Texto completoThis work of thesis takes part in a research project, which aim at testing the relevance of a normative interpretation of the intrinsic motivation’s concept. This following, suggested by François (2004) is based upon the sociocognitive approach of the social norms developed by Beauvois (1984). This thesis aims, on the one hand, at demonstrating the normative valorization of intrinsic motivation on an intergroup and interindividual’s levels, and on the other hand, at analyzing the type of value lied to intrinsic motivation (social utility or social desirability). Hence, seven studies were carried out with explicit measurements (studies 1,2,3,6 and 7) and and with implicit measurement (studies 4 and 5). The first were based upon questionnaries, using paradigms of the judges and identification (Jellison and Green, 1981), the seconds is based upon a lexical decision’s paradigm with starting. These results contribute firstly to the reinforce the normative interpretation of intrinsic motivation but secondly, suggest that this valorization appeals to alternatively social desirability or social utility, according to the context. Thus, beyond its participation in the description of the normativity of the intrinsic motivation, this thesis presents, a new definition of the value associated with the judgments norms (Dubois, 2005,2006), in which the context becomes a central concept. It finally questions on the part of normative explanation in the motivational expression, in real organisational contexts
Loose, Florence. "L'individualisme, une norme sociale ? : une approche expérimentale". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF20019.
Texto completoDagot, Lionel. "Normativité de l'allégeance et de l'internalité : le cas des acteurs du marché de l'emploi". Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR20975.
Texto completo@This study is based on the hypothesis of two norms of judgment would intervene in the evaluations process in the socio-professionnal sphere. This hypothesis was tested with 3 populations : occupational integration counsellors who worked in local missions for employment and local agences for employment, and recruiting officers. Results schow allegiance is a determining variable in the elaboration of occupational integration prognosis, in the recruitment decision, and the construction of occupational integration work plan. Results schow also that a non-allegiant discourse is clearly belittle indeed stigmatized. This study schow that allegiance, like internality, are normatives
Chekroun, Peggy. "Le contrôle social : approches expérimentales des sanctions sociales négatives face à un comportement déviant". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20001.
Texto completoSgro, Nathalie. "Le rejet dogmatique d'autrui : analyse des fonctionnements cognitifs et appartenance idéologique". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF20005.
Texto completoLampropoulos, Dimitrios. "Représentations, pouvoir, dominance : une approche psychosociale de la stigmatisation des personnes atteintes de schizophrénie". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0247.
Texto completoThe stigma of schizophrenia has major consequences on the lives and the rights of people with the disorder. This phenomenon, for which several theoretical models have been proposed, has not been broadly studied in the French context, although the ministry of health and the WHO have underlined that it constitutes a true priority of public health. With the present doctoral thesis, we studied the stigma of schizophrenia following a socio-representational approach. On the one hand, we conducted an assemblage of theoretical and empirical studies aiming at studying the problematization of “mental illness” and schizophrenia, as well as the forms of knowledge and the power issues that are related to this problematization. This part allowed us to critically study the con-text in which stigma is problematized as a priority of public health. On the other hand, we have carried out psychosocial studies mobilizing the theory of Social Representations and the theory of Social Dominance, that allowed us to identify several contents and psychoso-cial processes at stake in the stigma of schizophrenia, in a contextualized fashion. On a general level, our results invite us to consider the relation to people with schizophrenia as pro-foundly associated with the broader relation to the social order, relation encompassed by issues of power and of protection of the social order. Moreover, the present thesis underlines the importance of studying the stigma phenomenon within its sociological, epistemological and normative horizon. Implications for anti-stigma practices, as well as some future re-search perspectives are discussed at the end of our work
Duclos, Harmony. "Théorie de l'esprit et connaissances sociales dans la maladie d'Alzheimer et la démence sémantique". Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC031.
Texto completoSocial cognition refers to a set of processes working interactively that allows to behave appropriately in the social world. Theory of mind (TOM) is considered to be the central element of social cognition, but the links between its different processes are still poorly understood. TOM’s abilities are used daily through interpersonal relationships, but the effect of the context on TOM remains poorly explored. The main aim of this thesis was to study both TOM and social knowledge, as well as the links between them. Our results highlight how the ability to attribute mental states is modulated by the context and more specifically by the integrity of social knowledge in Alzheimer's disease and semantic dementia. Patients’ disorders may have a different origin depending on their brain lesions. Therefore, social cognition could be a useful element in the differential diagnosis for neurodegenerative diseases
Huguet, Pascal. "Catégorisations, insertions sociales et performances cognitives : approche expérimentale". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF20035.
Texto completoA review of the main dealing with "social facilitation" (zajonc 1965) and "social loafing" (latane, williams & harkins, 1979) reveal that explanatory systems supposed to give one an account of the influence of others' presence on individual performances are based on an "extrinsic conception" of the relationships existing between social dimension and human function. This conception, which attributes to the social dimension an, therefore, to the others' presence, the status of an external source of variation, is examined, this has to be referred to recent studies (monteil, 1988,1991) which attest that previous social insertions, and, son individual social histoiry, play an important part in the cognitive management of current social conditions of learning. Theses studies, which allow us to envision a participation of the social dimension to the elaboration of cognitive machanisms and processes, also invite us to explore what could be the effects of experimental mobilization of categorizations and social merberships on individual cognitive performances. The findings of our 4 studies confirmed our expectations. They lead one to take into account the subject's categorizations and memberships as well as their condition of activation or mobilization in order to show the influence exerted by others over individual performances. As prevously displayed by montell, our results resist to expanatory systems used in the framework of facilitation and social loefing. Finally, these results permit us to consider individual cognitive productions as being partly ruled by activation or mobilization, in specific social insertions, of values or norms internalized by the subject during his history. Thus, this work emphasizes the legitimacy of a socio-cognitive orientation aiming at articulating social dynamics and cognitive dynamics
Nugier, Armelle. "Déviance, émotions morales, et contrôle social informel : le rôle des émotions dans la régulation des comportements contre-normatifs". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CLF20008.
Texto completoSomat, Alain. "Normativité, valeur sociale et structuration en mémoire de l'information explicative". Grenoble 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE29013.
Texto completoThree series of experimentations validate the general idea that normativity penetrates the subject's cognitive organisation and its processing levels, even the lowest ones. Thus, some cognitive contents linked to internal causal explanations (ice) could be more accessible. The results show that ice treatment is more automatical than the cognitive contents connected to external causal explanations (ece). Considering cognitive and socio cognitive developpemental psychology theories, we finally assume that : 1. Ice are more based on semantic memory elements than ece. 2. The social value of ice is transfered in semantic memory and, because of its specific treatment, it is immediatly captured. There might be an automatic extraction of the social value linked to ice. 3. Internalisation could be this transfer of social value in semantic memory
Augagneur, Floran. "Serge Moscovici et la nature du mouvement écologiste, une épistémologie psycho-politique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Gustave Eiffel, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UEFL2010.
Texto completoThis work is a monograph. It attempts to reconstruct the unity of the polymorphous work of Serge Moscovici (1925-2014) whose thought have been deployed in different disciplines. This author is also one of the pioneers of the environmental movement in France. The central hypothesis of this work is that a transdisciplinary approach can, on the one hand, reveal the true dimension of this work and, on the other hand, shed new light on the history and evolution of this movement. It is within the work that Moscovici carried out in the history and philosophy of science during the 1960s that are located the explanations on the origin of a cognitive revolution, of which he will theorize the effects in social psychology, and of a political revolution, which will lead him to define as a political question the links between human groups and their material universe. In anthropology, he will formulate an ecological theory of relations of domination, notably opening the way to the ecofeminism of Françoise d'Eaubonne. Finally, the continuation of his work in social psychology will feed his reflections on the political strategy that the environmental movement should have adopted according to him. Despite the many intuitions that Moscovici had, the scope of his work is today attenuated by the fragmentation of academic disciplines and the compartmentalization between the scientific and militant universes. By building bridges and bringing his work into dialogue with that of other authors (including Durkheim, Koyré, Beauvoir and Lévi-Strauss), we will attempt to restore its richness and shed light on the epistemic and cognitive nature of the environmental movement
Zouhri, Bouchra. "Représentation et identité sociale : Études empiriques du rôle du noyau central dans la construction et la protection de l’identité sociale". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3026.
Texto completoThis thesis refers to the existing links between the social representation (SR) theory and the social identity (TSI) theory. Little research work has highlighted the contribution between these two theories and showed the reciprocal provisions of these two and constituting theoretical fields of social psychology. This thesis consist in supporting a correlation between the role of self-defining processes in the building of SR on one hand, and the importance of SR on the dynamics of the group and of the intergroup relations on the other hand. In this frame the purpose is to test the hypothesis that the central elements of a social representation are constituting of the social identity of the members of the group. Doise (1999) defines identity as a principle which manages intergroup relations and therefore uses the vector of SR.However,the structural approach puts down that social representations work as social cognitive structures regulated by the complementarity of two systems: central and peripheral cognitions.The individuals have a full knowledge to belong to a definite social group with a framework of reference,common representations. Thus,through the theory of TSI and through the various socio-cognitive processes related,this research is to handle in experiments of the various processes constitutive of the group identity through the prism of SR.In the effect of handling the central elements in the case, in particular,of the process of social comparison, the social norms as well as the black sheep effect. According to any logic resulting from the central core theory, the handling of central elements of a SR should not unbalance the identity of the group
Os trabalhos apresentado desta tese se interessam às relações existentes entre a teoria das representações sociais (RS) e a da identidade social (TIS). Apesar da abundante literatura sobre a teoria das representações sociais e sobre a da identidade social, poucas pesquisas realçam as relações, bem como as contribuições recíprocas destes dois campos teóricos constitutivos da psicologia social. Os objectivos científicos desta tese suportam a interação entre, por um lado, o papel dos processos identitários na construção das representações sociais, e por outro, a importância das representações sociais na dinâmica do grupo e nas relações intergrupais. Neste sentido, através de diferentes experimentos, propomos testar a hipótese de que os elementos centrais de uma representação social são constitutivos da identidade social dos membros de um grupo. Doise (1999) define a identidade como um princípio gerador das relações intergrupais e que, para isto, utiliza o vector das representações sociais. A abordagem estrutural, por sua vez, propõe que as representações sociais funcionam como estruturas cognitivas reguladas pela complementaridade de dois sistemas: o das cognições centrais (caracterizado por seus aspectos consensuais que asseguram a perenidade da RS) e as cognições periféricas (submetidas às variações interindividuais). Os indivíduos têm plena consciência de pertencer à um grupo social definido, com um quadro de referência e representações comuns. Desta forma, a partir da teoria da identidade social (TIS) e dos diferentes processos sociocognitivos à ela relacionados, propomos manipular experimentalmente os diferentes processos constitutivos da identidade de um grupo partindo do prisma das representações sociais. Ou seja, nos interessamos aos efeitos da manipulação dos elementos centrais sobre, nomeadamente, os processos de comparação social, as normas sociais, e o efeito ovelha negra. De acordo com a lógica da teoria do núcleo central, a manipulação dos elementos centrais de uma representação não deveria desequilibrar a identidade grupal
Dumay, Raquel. "Les effets de masquage dans l'expression de la représentation sociale des immigrés. : étude du rôle de quelques facteurs intervenant dans la (dé)légitimation et le (dé)masquage de croyances pro et contre-normatives". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3007.
Texto completoWe are interested in the context of this Phd thesis to the variables that can facilitate or inhibit the expression of counter-normative beliefs working in the field of social representation of immigrants. We study more precisely the impact of normative protection given to this social group, the perceived ability to adapt to their host society they are assigned but also the academic affiliation of respondents on the socio-cognitive strategies of masking and unmasking set place in the expression of representation. It is expected that these three factors interact with the answering instruction, mitigating or even cancelling in some cases the differences typically observed between conditions where subjects respond in their own name (masking hypothesis) and those where they express an opinion on behalf of a substitute other (unmasking hypothesis). The results of empirical research show as expected differential effects of the answering instruction under the terms of the factors tested, confirming the involvement of a normative process in the effects of substitution. Moreover, the observed associations between normative protection granted to immigrants and their perceived adaptability confirm the existence of justification and legitimation processes that seem to govern the orchestration of the phenomena of masking and unmasking in the expression of social representation about minority groups
Labbé, Fabienne. "VIH, stigmatisation et honte aux îles Fidji". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0152.
Texto completoThis dissertation examines the stigma associated with HIV in Fiji, in the South Pacific. It analyzes the forms taken by stigma associated with the infection, the moral universe in which it takes place and the social and cultural logic underlying it in the Fijian society. It also examines how people living with HIV experience this stigma and the strategies they use to cope with it.The analyses presented draw on a 16-month fieldwork research carried out in Suva, the capital of Fiji, between 2007 and 2013. They are based on the life stories of 28 HIV-positive men and women with whom I had long-term exchanges. Drawing on Arthur Kleinman’s theoretical framework that considers stigma as an essentially moral issue in which a stigmatized condition threatens what is most at stake for actors in a local moral world, I show that HIV is, for most Fijians, a symbol of the multiple threats (sexuality outside of marriage, sexuality between people of the same sex, etc.) that endanger today, in their view, the religious and customary institutions of family and marriage. Fijian's stigmatizing attitudes towards HIV-positive people—and primarily gossips—can thus be seen as attempts to preserve these institutions that are the very foundation of the Fijian social order. For people living with HIV, the infection puts at risk what they value most, i.e. to be seen as a valuable person in the eyes of their family, lineage, clan and village, and to maintain appropriate and unstrained relationships with them. Shame is therefore the dominant emotion underlying the experience of most HIV-positive people. An important dimension of the work of managing HIV for HIV-positive people in Fiji, as I argue in this dissertation, is thus to negotiate stigma and shame and to try to avoid its spread and/or to minimize its effects on their loved ones. To do so, they employ different strategies, notably trying to keep their condition secret, distancing themselves from the image of immorality associated with HIV by converting to a Pentecostal church or embracing an “HIV-positive identity” by joining a support group for people living with HIV. However, I show that the level of stigma experienced by people living with HIV in Fiji, as well as their capacity to respond to it, is not the same for everyone. Three main factors influence the way HIV-positive people experience and cope with stigma and shame: morality, gender and socioeconomic level
Brochard, Marie. "Normes reproductives, infertilité et nouvelles technologies de reproduction au Sénégal : le genre et le don". Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H032.
Texto completoIn Senegal, the social standards establish the marriage and the reproduction as fundamental rules for the couples. The barren persons are of this fact stigmatized and undergo pressures by their families and of their circle of acquaintances. On one hand, they have difficulties to structure their social identity in this country where the femininity is associated to the maternity and where the manliness is associated to the paternity. On the other hand, they are symbolically got into debt with regard to their families because the "child" constitutes the against gift of the life that they received in the birth. The gender and the gift structure the problem of rejection of the barren persons in Sénégal. In spite of the psychological and social sufferings induced by the infertility, the sanitary politics turn away from this situation and hide the practice of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Nevertheless, ART allows the barren couples, when it ends in a pregnancy, an exit of the social stigmatization. Should the opposite occur, the relation can turn to a marital breakdown. The new technologies of reproduction realized in the Senegalese society remain very unegalitarian and abandon a whole part of the population which would like to benefit from these medical techniques. The couples with modest incomes go to the traditional medicine or pursue their consultations in the public sector. ART in Senegal proposes a solution for infertility, but the couples which resort to it, make it in the greatest secrecy for fear of upsetting the reproductive standards and of filiation
Casini, Annalisa. "Genre et carrière professionnelle: enjeux identitaires et dilemmes normatifs dans le phénomène du "plafond de verre"". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210451.
Texto completoDoctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Moisuc, Alexandrina. "Les réactions des gens face aux incivilités et aux immoralités dans des situations publiques". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF20002.
Texto completoPeople treated unfairly, cultural assets in danger, discrimination against minorities, sexual harassment, bullying and violence are just a few uncivil and immoral behaviors that we can witness in public settings. What is our immediate reaction? The present research examined the personality characteristics of individuals who "speakup" and confront perpetrators of uncivil or immoral behaviors (Chapter 1 & Chapter 2). We tested whether those who intervene tend to be "bitter complainers" or "well-adjusted leaders".The first two studies, measured numerous individual differences that are directly implicated in bystander’s intervention. The results clearly confirmed the well-adjusted leader hypothesis. Participants' self-reported tendency to confront perpetrators correlated positively with social responsibility, acceptance by peers, independent self-construal, emotion regulation, persistence, self-directedness, age, and monthly salary, but not with aggressiveness. Three additional studies provide support for the "well-adjusted leader" hypothesis. Altruism, moral outrage, personal implication, political liberalism, and extraversion were positively related to people's self-reported reactions. The data provided no support for the idea that high self esteemor being aggressive is necessary to confront the perpetrator of an uncivil/immoral behavior. We discuss the implications of these findings for the perpetuation and change of social norms. We also examined the effect of social distance between a bystander and the perpetrator of an uncivil/immoral behavior on the bystander's tendency to "speak up" and confront the perpetrator about his/her behavior (Chapter 3). We presented 26 uncivil and immoral behaviors to middle schoolers, high schoolers and university students and asked them to indicate how they would react if they were to witness each of the behaviors. We manipulated the relationship to the perpetrator who was described as a friend, an acquaintance, or a stranger. Results showed that smaller the social distance between the bystander and the perpetrator of the uncivil/immoral behavior the greater the self-reported likelihood that the bystander will express his/her disapproval to the perpetrator. The findings speak to the role of close relationships in the perpetuation of social norms. They also suggest ways to curb antisocial behaviors in a variety of school and organizational settings
Mauny, Nicolas. "La technique du porte-au-nez : vers une interprétation en termes d'éveil d'une dissonance". Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC015.
Texto completoResearch conducted in the field of social influence and leading individuals to change are classic in social psychology. Behavior change can be achieved through different techniques, such as the door-in-the-face. Its operating procedure is simple: get a refusal on a first request too costly to be accepted in order to facilitate the acceptance of a second request less costly, the one targeted from the beginning. Different interpretations were tested based on contextual variables to argue their approaches, but none of them is unanimously approved to date. The objective of this thesis is to study the influence of interpersonal variables, such as attitude, self-importance and normative beliefs, in the door-in-the-face paradigm and to propose a new modelling of the door-in-the-face effect based on inconsistency. We hypothesize that the effectiveness of the door-in-the-face technique is based on the difficulty people have in tolerating the inconsistency between their refusal behavior and their measured positions through attitude, Self-importance and normative beliefs about the object. In this logic, the acceptance of the second request would take place to reduce this inconsistency by adopting a behavior consistent with their positions. Six experiments were conducted to achieve this objective. The first two have tested the role of the initial position and show that only the Self-importance can influence the door-in-the-face effect. The following two have highlighted the role of the difference between the position of individuals and the refusal behavior on the intention. The fifth experiment shows that the participants feel guilty when the extreme request is refused, especially when their position is favorable to the cause of the requests. The results of the last one confirm an interpretation in terms of inconsistency compared to a classical interpretation
Sanrey, Camille. "Le rôle des labels de groupe dans la régulation normative des jugements sociaux". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20042/document.
Texto completoThis thesis aims to study the influence of group labels over the formation of judgments towards the emitter and the target of these label’s and to come up with an explanatory model of these effects. Literature shows a negative effect of pejorative group labels on the emitter's and the target’s judgements; pejorative labels (e.g. “nigger”) leading to more negative judgments than nonpejorativelabels (e.g. “black”). We offer to replicate these effects and to test the hypothesis of a normative regulation of these effects. Our research is declined in two main axes. We first examined the effect of group label valence and normative protection level of the targeted social group on the emitter's judgments. We secondly studied the role of linguistic categorization played by group labels during the formation judgments towards emitter and target. As predicted, results showed that the use of pejorative labels generates more negative judgments of the emitter than the use of non-pejorative labels. The main contribution of this thesis is to show that simple categorization using group labels is sufficient to generate negative judgments of the emitter and positive judgments of the target. Moreover, the anti-prejudice norm mediates the obtained effects, while the level of normative protection of the targeted group moderates them. Theoretical implications of these results are discussed and the prospects for research are mentioned
Letoux, Charlène. "Trajectoires d’adolescents en obésité dans le Nord et Pas-De-Calais comme reflets du processus des inégalités et de la stigmatisation". Thesis, Lille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUA005.
Texto completoOur study reports on how inequality and stigmatization may be visible, constructed and intertwined throughout the trajectory of obese adolescents enrolled in a therapeutic patient education program (TPE). We are helping to provide a new perspective on the issue of implementation and reception of medical norms transmitted during TPE programs by adopting an analysis in terms of disease "trajectories" to analyze different points of view: professionals, adolescents and parents. The study of social interactions involved in social relations, especially class and gender, is honored and allows us to focus on the social dimension of behaviors. We question the differences between the expected or prescribed roles and the roles actually adopted, the strategies of negotiation or resistance between the actors in order to bring out the normative expectations that affect the patients to the point of sometimes revealing a symbolic violence. We also adopt a sociohistorical approach with the aim of retracing the path of norms, by proposing an extension of the notion of "trajectory of illness" by that of "collective trajectory" (Carricaburu, 1999). We include in this research the study of obesity shaping historically conducted by medicine and public health policies that constitute the management conditions, common to the different actors and influencing interactions on the medical scene. Based on the Fat studies perspective, this work made it possible to understand corpulence as a new variable allowing an innovative sociological analysis of discourses, practices and social organization. This work is based on a mixed and multi-site qualitative survey: an analysis of corpus of medical and public health discourse, 38 semi-directive interviews with professionals specialized in the therapeutic education of adolescent obesity (endocrinologist, nutritionist, nurse, sports medicine educator, psychologist, etc.), 21 biographical interviews with adolescents and parents, as well as about 100 observations within FTE programs (specialized centers, hospital centers and health networks)
French, Bourgeois Laura. "L’influence des normes sociales sur le comportement : un processus médié par l’élaboration de stratégies". Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8436.
Texto completoEach day our behaviours are influenced by the social norms that surround us. When behaving according to social norms, the individual acts in accordance with the most consensual behaviours and thus receives approval from his/her group members. Notwithstanding the fact that social norms are at the centre of much research, the cognitive processes that lead an individual to act according to them are still unknown. However, the cognitive processes explaining behaviour are present in the literature on goal directed behaviour which states that cognitive strategies are needed achieve a behaviour. In this paper, we propose that strategies are the cognitive processes that lead an individual to act in accordance with a social norm. Two studies were conducted and the results of both studies show that individuals act according to social norms because they can generate the necessary strategies to reach the normative behaviour. The theoretical and methodological implications are discussed.
French, Bourgeois Laura. "Désalignement entre valeurs sociétales et comportements : les rôles de la planification et des valeurs personnelles dans l’usage des normes injonctives pour inciter le vote". Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22683.
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