Tesis sobre el tema "Normes d'information"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 46 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Normes d'information".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Gurfein, Evelyne. "Impact des normes IFRS sur l'évolution des systèmes d'information financière des grandes entreprises". Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020057.
Texto completoDogui, Kouakou. "Indépendance des auditeurs et enjeux éthiques de la certification du système de gestion environnementale". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29769/29769.pdf.
Texto completoThe ISO 14001 certification for environmental management systems provides businesses with social legitimacy. Since its creation in 1996, this particular standard has experienced an increasing popularity. However, its legitimacy is directly linked with the independence of the audit process, as well as with, among other factors, its direct link with the improvement of the businesses’ environmental practices and performances. Nonetheless, the fact remains that these questions have rarely been explored in the formal literature. Therefore, the goal of this qualitative research is to analyse, on the basis of interviews with professionals in the field of the ISO 14001 certification process, the various perceptions of the auditor’s independence, the ethical issues it raises, and its influence on the environmental practices of Canadian businesses. The social construction of the auditor’s independence is studied through various sensemaking strategies (Schutz, 1967; Weick, 1995), among other elements. These strategies rely on procedural mechanisms, stereotypes and a distancing process to create the illusion of trust and comfort as regards the auditor’s independence. The potential influence of the auditor’s compensation has also been analysed in this study, and the results show that the participants tend to legitimize the current compensation practices by relying on the user-pay principle, on professional conduct and on the existing processes in the field. This qualitative research also shows that, in the absence of formal rules regarding auditor rotation, having the same auditor working through several certification cycles can lead to certain relationship dynamics between auditor and auditee, which increases the client’s influence on the choice of auditors. While such permanence can have positive repercussions, it can also cause a social and technical familiarity which can, in turn, jeopardize the long-term credibility of the certification process. Lastly, the study shows that ISO 14001 certification audits are primarily concerned with procedural questions, and tend to neglect the more important issues linked to improving businesses’ practices and performances. Despite the social desirability biases inherent to the study’s goals and the participants’ answers, this qualitative research reveals true problems of conflicts of interest and lax practices that remain rarely discussed in the formal literature. In closing, the study suggests new avenues of research on the independence of all types of ISO certification audits. Key words: Audit, ISO 14001 certification, independence, auditor tenure, environmental management systems, financial dependence, sensemaking strategies, rotation, performance.
Ben, Romdhane Randa. "Les effets de la multiplicité des normes et des référentiels de bonnes pratiques : le cas de la Direction des Systèmes d’Information". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM0989/document.
Texto completoThe purpose of this research is to explore the effects of multiple standards and frameworks of best practices in information systems at the level of the Information Technology Department. The main challenge of this thesis is to highlight an issue that has not been addressed before in academic research. The lack of literature on the subject and the failure to grasp its scope the practitioner literature support the uniqueness and the merits of our research question.Our research strategy was developed in order to contribute to the knowledge of an unknown object in the academic research. The research question has been submitted to the professional reality using an empirical device based on three elements. First, three exploratory interviews allowed us to refine our research question and to highlight its importance to the professional community. Then, ten semi-structured interviews within five French companies have aimed to deepen the understanding of the effects of the multiple standards and frameworks of best practices for IT Department. Finally, a single case study based on two waves of extensive interviews with the CIO of a French company listed on NYSE, had the ambition to extend the reflection focusing on a particular aspect of our research object.These elements were complementary and relevant to shed light on the multiple standards and frameworks of best practices in Information System. As this is a theme that was not spontaneously controlled by respondents, we suggested a perspective of our results through theoretical understanding elements. Considering the exploratory nature of this research, the results of this thesis are mostly plausible and acceptable proposals which aim to suggest lines of inquiry for future research projects
Maul-Sartori, Mathias. "Droits européens d'information relatifs à la relation de travail : la directive 91-533-CEE et sa transposition en droit allemand, français et britannique /". Paris : LGDJ-Lextenso éd, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41405148s.
Texto completoBerisha, Suela. "L'apport des concepts du Web sémantique et normes associées aux échanges inter applicatifs dans un SI d'entreprise ou RECAP (Référentiels et connecteurs a priori)". Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAL0073.
Texto completoThis thesis came about a very large and complex Enterprise Information System (EIS) containing a huge amount of information that moves through a company consisted of a main group and about fifty subsidiaries. At the beginning, computer science resources of each business unit stored structured data, according to a local business logic. The descriptions of these sources, intended first of all for computer specialists, were saved in text documents. They were not meant to help system sharing and understanding by different types of actors, who provide the business content. It's also true for the enterprise repositories, which contain fundamental business knowledge. Thus, finding the relevant information allowing fast and easy access to sources that meet the expectations and constraints of business actors, became a main problematic of IS. Since ten years, our company aims to address this problem by a strategic approach of IS governance included in the process of the IS planning. We are involved in the activity of business data repositories brought under control and information exchanges standardization and simplification between applications. Our goal is to provide a strategic view of knowledge sharing by promoting the IS actor collaboration in a business process context, or in business activity. To achieve this, we propose an approach for the construction of a layer of the IS based on new functional concepts: the "Reference Enterprise Repository (RER)" and " a priori connectors ". The first is about a transverse enterprise repository corresponding to a business context. The second is logical connections ensuring interoperability between applications that weren’t designed to coexist. From a technological point of view, the RER is based on semantic modelling and the knowledge representation. The "a priori connectors" involve integration technologies of Semantic Web Services. The thesis develops skills such as service-oriented middleware architectures, modelling semantics of documents, modelling IS and Information Retrieval (IR) techniques. All these subjects are part of the DRIM (Distribution and Multimedia Information Retrieval) team’s scientific project of the Department "Information, Knowledge and Services' at the LIRIS (Laboratoire d'Informatique en Images and Systems information), CNRS UMR 5205
Baalbaki, Shibly Fatima. "Three essays on the effects of the simultaneous adoption of IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) and MAD (Market Abuse Directive) in Europe". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENG011.
Texto completoWhile prior research on mandatory IFRS adoption fails to provide evidence of improvement in the quality of financial reporting (increased transparency and/or comparability), it provides almost unanimous evidence of beneficial capital-market impacts. Within the European Union (EU), mandatory IFRS adoption coincides with the adoption of the Market Abuse Directive (MAD). While the mandatory adoption of IFRS took place in 2005, MAD was passed between 2004 and 2007 depending on the EU country under consideration. Furthermore, both IFRS and MAD aim towards increased transparency, either by improving the quality of financial reporting (IFRS) or by prohibiting selective disclosures to enhance common information available to all market participants (MAD). Our first essay aims to disentangle the respective market impacts of MAD adoption and IFRS adoption in order to determine the specific effect of each regulation. Our evidence suggests that a significant part of the capital market effects usually attributed to IFRS comes, at least to some extent, from the contemporaneous adoption of the Market Abuse Directive. Our second essay focuses on the role of information environment. Investigating how information environment affects the market impacts of both MAD adoption and IFRS adoption is crucial to determine whether all firms benefit identically from these regulations. Using firm size and analyst following as proxies capturing firms' information environment, we provide evidence showing that small firms and firms with weak analyst following are those that benefit the most from the introduction of the IFRS mandate. In contrast, large firms and firms with high analyst coverage benefit the most from MAD adoption. Our third essay analyzes the role of enforcement. We find that the effectiveness of both IFRS and MAD is hampered by different enforcement levels across firms and countries. Moreover, the observed capital-market outcomes on one regulation differ if the effects of both regulations are not clearly dissociated. Thus, we caution researchers not to attribute capital-market outcomes primarily or solely to one regulation without taking into account the concomitant adoption of the other one
Toussaint, Marion. "Une contribution à l'industrie 4.0 : un cadre pour sécuriser l'échange de données standardisées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0121.
Texto completoThe recent digital transformation of the manufacturing world has resulted in numerous benefits, from higher quality products to enhanced productivity and shorter time to market. In this digital world, data has become a critical element in many critical decisions and processes within and across organizations. Data exchange is now a key process for the organizations' communication, collaboration, and efficiency. Industry 4.0 adoption of modern communication technologies has made this data available and shareable at a quicker rate than we can consume or track it. This speed brings significant challenges such as data interoperability and data traceability, two interdependent challenges that manufacturers face and must understand to adopt the best position to address them. On one hand, data interoperability challenges delay faster innovation and collaboration. The growing volume of data exchange is associated with an increased number of heterogeneous systems that need to communicate with and understand each other. Information standards are a proven solution, yet their long and complex development process impedes them from keeping up with the fast-paced environment they need to support and provide interoperability for, slowing down their adoption. This thesis proposes a transition from predictive to adaptive project management with the use of Agile methods to shorten the development iterations and increase the delivery velocity, increasing standards adoption. While adaptive environments have shown to be a viable solution to align standards with the fast pace of industry innovation, most project requirements management solutions have not evolved to accommodate this change. This thesis also introduces a model to support better requirement elicitation during standards development with increased traceability and visibility. On the other hand, data-driven decisions are exposed to the speed at which tampered data can propagate through organizations and corrupt these decisions. With the mean time to identify (MTTI) and mean time to contain (MTTC) such a threat already close to 300 days, the constant growth of data produced and exchanged will only push the MTTI and MTTC upwards. While digital signatures have already proven their use in identifying such corruption, there is still a need for formal data traceability framework to track data exchange across large and complex networks of organizations to identify and contain the propagation of corrupted data. This thesis analyses existing cybersecurity frameworks, their limitations, and introduces a new standard-based framework, in the form of an extended NIST CSF profile, to prepare against, mitigate, manage, and track data manipulation attacks. This framework is also accompanied with implementation guidance to facilitate its adoption and implementation by organizations of all sizes
Salha, Guillaume. "Management des systèmes d'information et télécommunications". Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0712.
Texto completoThe subject concerns the management of the Information systems and Telecommunications. I propose a detailed description of various topologies of inter-connection and security. I propose a modelisation of the information processing systems, to study the behavior of the systems on models and not on the system itself. I present an innovating solution based on the concept of IP collect and Multi operator routing, using the XDSL technologies of infrastructure operators, to the router in a centralized site. I propose project guidelines and methodology intended to provide a common framework covering the control of the fundamental processes and their organizational and technical impacts on the deployment in companies
Zitzmann, Cathel. "Détection statistique d'information cachée dans des images naturelles". Thesis, Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0012/document.
Texto completoThe need of secure communication is not something new: from ancient, methods exist to conceal communication. Cryptography helped make unintelligible message using encryption, steganography can hide the fact that a message is exchanged.This thesis is part of the project "Hidden Information Research" funded by the National Research Agency, Troyes University of Technology worked on the mathematical modeling of a natural image and creating detectors of hidden information in digital pictures.This thesis proposes to study the steganalysis in natural images in terms of parametric statistical decision. In JPEG images, a detector based on the modeling of quantized DCT coefficients is proposed and calculations of probabilities of the detector are established theoretically. In addition, a study of the number of shrinkage occurring during embedding by F3 and F4 algorithms is proposed. Finally, for the uncompressed images, the proposed tests are optimal under certain constraints, a difficulty overcome is the data quantization
Kembellec, Gérald. "Bibliographies scientifiques : de la recherche d'information à la production de documents normés". Paris 8, 2012. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771553.
Texto completoIn a cycle of research, in which each scientific document, itself inspired by previous papers, will be read and commented by researchers who will quote it, a document will be an alternately finished, an updated production and a potential source of appropriation and quotation. After an introduction to information retrieval, we will examine the typology of scientific documents, what the storage and broadcasting of information model can be, as well as their standards and related protocols. We describe several methods of document retrieval and various tools of interrogation of knowledge bases. We postulate that nowadays, the document retrieval can be technically automated, since the first stage of establishment of the research’s scope up to the writing of the bibliography. We introduce dedicated tools and standards can also facilitate the stages of selection and documentary management. We propose a user focused study in order to establish several users’ profiles and associated uses. Then we submit a conceptual process of visual information retrieval. To do so, we analyze methodologies of rating this specific type of paper as well as scientific papers’ criterions and standards. We synthesize all the bibliographical procedures of automation to model a search tool allying respect for the standards, the flexibility of use and consideration of the of the users’ cognitive needs. This interface will be used as support to browse conceptual domain as an access to scientific corpuses. It will also expose of document’s metadata with LIS good practices and semantic web’s rules. After evaluation, this tool is generalized as a model for scientific information retrieval design
Bouchareb, Abderaouf. "La communication des informations comptables, sociales et financières dans les entreprises Algériennes, facteur d'attractivité des investissements étrangers ?" Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIME006.
Texto completoAll countries with a socialist orientation, in the South, in the East and in Asia, which have embarked on a process of transition to a market economy have included in their transformation program, either spontaneously by deliberate strategy, or under the effect of exogenous factors especially the requirements of foreign investors and the conditionalities of international financial institutions, the reform of the national accounting system.The transition to an accounting system adapted to the requirements of globalization, economic openness and the resulting structural transformations is often problematic in these countries in the sense that this type of change often leads to a complex politico-legislative approach and heavy measures. related to the establishment of an accounting standard-setting body, the creation of accounting and auditing professions, the choice of the standardization approach, the positioning of dominant models and the mobilization of often significant funds.This thesis is particularly interested in a factor that has often been neglected but which turns out to be of paramount importance: culture. this work aims to study the relevance of accounting harmonization in Algeria with the international accounting standards
Massot, Véronique. "Audit légal et technologies organisationnelles : l'exemple de l'environnement PGI en PME". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20243/document.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to analyse - through the study of the representations and decision-making behaviour of the legal auditor - the legal audit process in an SME-context where the information system is based on an ERP. Therefore, we intend to determine whether the presence of an integrated information system within the audited SME is likely to alter the legal audit process. In the framework of an interpretative and qualitative approach, investigations were carried out among legal auditors working in an SME/ERP environment. These surveys have allowed us to formulate two major results. The first result reveals that ERPs are trustworthy systems to some respondents, but they also arouse mistrust in others. However, on the whole, the sentiment of mistrust prevails. The second result of this research indicates that varied and unsettled changes exist in each auditors'work methods, which partly challenges the theory of individual decision-making adaptability. More generally speaking, observations tend to show that ERP technology doesn't call into question the purpose and the fondations of the auditor's approach
Zhou, Hong. "La diffusion d'informations financières par les sociétes françaises et britanniques". Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090016.
Texto completoThis research consist of identifying and explaining the main differences of financial information disclosure between the british and french companies. At first, theoretically, we propose an institutional approach to the accounting information disclosure : it is the relationship of power between the state, the financial market and the accounting profession which explains the differences of the regulation modes in the two countries, and economic internationalisation, in its turn, leads to the convergence of their accounting systems. Our empirical results show that, on the one hand, the french companies have largely improved their informational performances, and there is a rapprochement of the index scores between the companies of the two countries ; on the other hand, incited by the financial market, the british companies have disclosed more information relating to management accounting and have done better on the voluntary disclosure. On the contrary, for the french companies, the governmental accounting regulations seem to be always a driving force to the improvement of their financial disclosure. Nevertheless, the factors which reflect the evolution of the relationship between the state and the market, and of economic internationalisation have become more and more important to explain the rapprochement of the informational performances between the companies of the two countries. The french companies tend to conform to the international accounting practices and to raise their level of accounting harmonisation
Kembellec, Gérald. "Bibliographies scientifiques : de la recherche d'informations à la production de documents normés". Phd thesis, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771553.
Texto completoBugaïska, Aurélia. "Recherche d'informations et mémoire de travail : l'impact du vieillissement normal". Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT5003.
Texto completoInformation search is a strategic activity, requiring various cognitive abilities, which appears to be altered in older adults. In the present work, we developed an experimental approach in order to determine factors influencing information search as well as moderating factors of age-related deficits. The first three studies sought to determine in younger and older adults whether information search was influenced by the presence of distracting information sharing common – semantic or orthographic – properties with the target. Older adults were found to be more disturbed than younger by the presence of distracting information. The last two experiments showed that the very large disadvantage that older adults otherwise experienced can be eliminated when spatial information cueing for the location of relevant information is provided. Finally, this work suggests that the speed mediation hypothesis (Salthouse, 1996) combined with the inhibition deficit view (Hasher & Zacks, 1988) may provide an interpretative framework for age-related deficits in information search
François, Axel. "Interopérabilité des modèles géométriques pour les Systèmes d'Information Géographique : applications de la norme ISO 19107". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22078/document.
Texto completoIn the current economic context, the representation and the analysis of 3D data is growing more and more in the field of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The number of GIS applications is constantly increasing in many industries, such as Defense, Regional Development and Civil Security. However, we can point out the emergence of an important request for 3D analysis in GIS. These developments require a standardization of data and exchange structures. This is carried out by Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO). A recent standard (ISO 19107:2003) describes the complex objects to be taken into consideration and the associated treatments that can be used. It aims to develop interoperable exchange and analysis of geometric and topological data in GIS. Currently, no complete implementation on a computer of this standard has been done yet, regarding the level of abstraction sought. However, a simplified version was exclusively developed for 2D objects (ISO 19137:2007). This thesis proposes the modeling and the analysis of complex objects in three dimensional space, with their associated treatments. The objective is to create a first library whose the features are conform to ISO19107. Moreover, this standard is currently under review within the OGC Consortium (Open Geospatial Consortium) with a need for correction and evolution. The work done until now have enabled us to make a meaningful contribution with the addition of new geometrical primitives, the harmonization of primitives through the use of rational parametric curves and surfaces. The works on this standard also allowed the development of an application within the GEOMATYS company, making possible the 3D modeling and analysis for traffic simulation based on GIS data
Pieralisi, Lorenzo. "Modélisation de réseau de communication flexible pour les systèmes monopuces". Grenoble INPG, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00164027.
Texto completoThe Multi-Processors Systems on a chip (MPSoC) era is bringing about many new challenges for systems design in terms of computation and communication subsystems complexity. Interconnection systems became a pivotal component of the overall design, providing designers with advanced communication features such as split transactions, atomic operations and security adds-on. Momentum is building behind Networks on-chip (NoC) as future on-chip interconnection technology. Networks on-chip role is about to take over shared busses whose scalability properties are already a major bottleneck for system design. Modeling of on-chip network is an exacting work ; networks models must be fast, accurate and they have to sport standard interfaces. The main contributions of this work to networks on-chip design and implementation are : (1) the development of a brand new, full-fledged network on-chip simulator based on OCCN, an open-source framework for NoC modeling developed within sourceforge available at http://occn. Sourceforge. Net, (2) the successful integration of heterogeneous simulation environments in extremely complex platforms used to benchmark real STMicroelectronics SoCs and (3) thorough understanding and contribution to the design of STNoC, the new interconnection technology developed within AST Grenoble lab of STMicroelectronics for future generation systems. The modeling environment has been used to benchmark two STMicroelectronics systems on-chip for High Definition digital Television (HDTV)
Blouin, Rony. "Effet du vieillissement normal sur le rappel conscient et inconscient d'informations spatiales". Thèse, Trois-Rivières, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1998. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2188267R.html.
Texto completoGabteni, Héger. "Effet des normes IAS-IFRS sur la communication et l'information financière des sociétés du SBF 120". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010056.
Texto completoPelletier, Charles-Alexandre. "Effet du vieillissement normal sur la mémoire consciente et inconsciente d'informations verbales : traitement perceptif vs conceptuel /". Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2226691R.html.
Texto completoPelletier, Charles-Alexandre. "Effet du vieillissement normal sur la mémoire consciente et inconsciente d'informations verbales : traitement perceptif vs conceptuel". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3094/1/000679325.pdf.
Texto completoRezgui, Yacine. "Intégration des systèmes d'informations techniques pour l'exploitation des ouvrages". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523175.
Texto completoMinault-Richomme, Emmanuelle. "Cataloguer les livres anciens, rares et précieux dans le contexte du déploiement du SUDoc et de la révision de la norme Z 44-074". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dcb/minault.pdf.
Texto completoMezali, Yacine. "Algorithme de géolocalisation intérieure par différenciation de signaux wifi". Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066035.
Texto completoOriginality of the proposed work We propose a new indoor tracking method which can be used on mobile nodes. Our method uses only the received signal strengths as input information and does not require a cinematic motion model to track the mobile node. Indoor Tracking We discuss in detail the features of our approach and its resulting tracking algorithm. Indoor Tracking vs maximum likelihood based Tracking We compare our tracking method to other tracking techniques based on maximum likelihood tracking. Indoor Tracking using signal maps We built two signal maps on two different sites, each of which is equipped with 4 and 5 access points respectively. We evaluated the performances of our algorithm using these signal maps. Investigating WIFI Signal Statistical Properties We also analyzed the statistical properties of the 802. 11 signal strengths. Specifically, we investigated the time-dependent noise affecting the received signal strengths, the stationary aspect of the RSS statistics (mean received signal strength) when the observer remains motionless. Then we explored the time-independent noise which occurs during the building of signal maps. We also use a geostatistical approach to analyze, model and predict mean signal strengths Keywords : Signal maps, 802. 11, statistical filtering, geostatistics. Indoor tracking, indoor positioning
Buer, Sophie. "Vers une mesure de la qualité de l'information : application au cas de la certification de système qualité selon la norme internationale ISO 9000 dans les entreprises de service". Grenoble 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE2A004.
Texto completoRezgui, Yacine. "Intégration des systèmes d'informations techniques pour l'exploitation des ouvrages". Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENPC9421.
Texto completoThe handling and management of a construction project information through its life cycle require to impose order and structure in the data description. The latter is intended for both project actor and computer use. It is therefore expressed in an appropriate language whose neutral aspect enables the inter-operability and the sharing of computer-based information within an open software infrastructure. This approach improves the communication, relevance and effectiveness of the information flow between the actors. This building structure description is commonly called a « data model ». The document is the traditional support of an enginering project description. It constitutes the conceptual and the regulation basis for any enginering process. The deep analysis of the documents produced within a project life cycle emphasises the importance and the relevance o their legal and specification aspects as indicated by the full specification document « CCTP ». The CCTP is one of the essential documents issued from the detailed design stage. It distinguishes by the volume and the relevancy of its content : it defines the particular conditions for the execution of the works and thus completes their description made through the technical drawings. The consultation of the contractors imposes the decomposition of the construction tasks info work packages. The main consequences of such approach concerns the management and the coordination of the works realization in conjonction with the other work packages. All these details should be rigorously handled. Thus, the participant main worry is to be able to produce at the right moment a detailed full specification compatible with the ones previously generated and reflecting the real description of the construction project, provided by a building data model. This thesis demonstrates th feasibility of the generation of project documents via a date model supporting the physical, formal and performative description of a construction project. It consists of propsing a document logical structure, which is used to derive the Document Type Definition (DTD) of the CCTP according to the SGML language. The DTD elements are instanciated in order to produce a marked version of the CCTP. This approach enables the generation of the contents, the references list and the hypertext links. Moreover, we propose an association model through which building data model concepts are indexed to the documentary items of the marked CCTP. The project applied CCTP is then produced thanks to the instances of the association model in consideration of which the internal and external coherency of the CCTP is achieved. This approach insures a high quality of the full specifications documents of a projects and contributes to diminish the mistakes and errors due to the complexity of the design/construction/maintenance process. We finaly propose a generalisation of this approach to any project document
Hua, Thierry. "Les services de télécommunications multi-opérateurs : de la définition à la conception". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997VERS0004.
Texto completoKessal, Ahcène. "Intégration d'un module d'analyse de structures par une approche à base d'entités topologiques". Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMP991S.
Texto completoCompanies today need to reduce time to market and costs, while continuously improving quality and processes. These companies need to build on previous efforts, address total product life cycle, and have effective cross-functional product teams. Increasingly these companies work closely with other companies in the design and manufacture of ever more complex products. All information systems need to work together and share data. The key to meeting these needs is data, that data has to be available when needed and where needed and in the suitable form. Concurrent engineering technology, based on an integrated environment, could be a solution to meet such requirements. FIRES project lies in this perspective. In seeking this integration, it is recognized that the diversity of activities and consequent needs for data can be best served by a single representation for design, analysis and manufacturing, and that a strong candidate for this descriptive role is a feature representation. FIRES (Featured-based Integrated Rapid Engineering System) is an ESPRIT project (ESPRIT III 6090), it involves six partners from four countries. FIRES project aims to prototype a new generation of computer-aided engineering software based on feature approach and neutral data models. In our thesis work we have focused on the analysis interface, development have been separated in three main stages : implementation of some basic features, developpment of an interface to the neutral part model and finally model derivation and mesh generation
Klein, Asmara. "La "transparence", une norme et ses nouvelles pratiques transnationales : l’exemple de l’Initiative pour la Transparence dans l’Industrie Extractive". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0053.
Texto completoThe British Prime Minister launched the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) in 2002 in response to the transnational Publish What You Pay campaign (PWYP). The NGOs, which are member of the PWYP coalition, had been fighting the resource curse by advocating for more transparency in the extractive industries. They argued that empowering citizens of resource rich countries by informing them about the wealth generated by extraction would help insure that those extractive revenues were properly accounted for. The EITI took over this idea and gathered representatives from civil society organisations, extractive companies and governments to design a global standard which resource rich countries can voluntarily decide to comply with. the EITI standard is based on a reconciliation of payments declared by companies on the one hand and revenues declared by the state on the other. The reports that come out of this reconciliation process are then disseminated and can lead to a general public discussion about the way extractive rents are managed. What lead actors from different backgrounds, with often conflicting interests, to agree on a transparency norm and what can this consensus tell us about the notion of transparency and its present (and profuse) use in international development programmes ? This thesis investigates the reasons for the emergence of the transparency norm and its fast diffusion on the international scene in the last 10 to 15 years. It also looks at some of the concrete practices that resulted from this normative evolution, which contributes to a thinking about the renewal of political authority in the international system
Baudet, Cédric. "L'évaluation de l'efficacité des systèmes d’information : des situations normales aux situations extrêmes". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE3038.
Texto completoHow to evaluate the efficiency of an information system (IS)? The efficiency of an IS intended for a normal management situation must be assessed differently from an IS intended for an extreme situation. This is explained by the peripheral role of IS intended for normal situations and, conversely, by the "core" role of IS intended for extreme situations. Proposing this answer required a two-step process, which, in its entirety, underlines the concern of practitioners and researchers regarding the question of evaluating the efficiency of IS.As a first step, a literature review of the IS evaluation was conducted. An interpretative analysis as well as a bibliometric statistical analysis of the scientific literature and practitioners revealed the characteristics of the concept of IS evaluation. These characteristics were analyzed by thematic coding. The result is, on the one hand, to highlight the convergences and divergences between the points of view of researchers and practitioners on the notion of evaluation in IS; on the other hand, to propose maturity levels for evaluating the efficiency of an IS.In a second step, cases of e-government IS were studied. It is through a Design Science (DSR) approach that an artifact was designed and evaluated that operationalizes DeLone and McLean's (1992, 2003, 2016) success model contextualized to Girin's (1990) management situations. This artifact makes it possible to 1) evaluate the efficiency of an e-government IS for either a normal management situation or an extreme situation; 2) measure the maturity of an organization's IS efficiency evaluation process. In addition to answering the research question posed in this thesis, this artifact made it possible to clarify the paradoxical role of IS intended for extreme management situations. In addition, it should reconcile practitioners and researchers on how to evaluate an IS
Ferchichi, Anis. "Contribution à l’integration des processus metier : application a la mise en place d'un referentiel qualite multi-vues". Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/29/53/06/PDF/2008-07-08_Memoire_de_these_version_finale.pdf.
Texto completoThe use of concepts borrowed from Business Process Management (BPM), quality standards and interoperability allows to be interested by the organization and intergration of enterprise business processes , bringing us to propose a step of implementing a multi-views quality reference. The goal of our work is to present how to integrate several processes using a common reference frame offering various viewpoints. This generalizable step is applied to the integration of two quality standards, ISO 9001v2000 and Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI), in order to generate a multi-views quality reference frame allowing a certification relatively to the two standards. This reference frame takes into account chapters imposed by ISO and the recommendations of CMMI. During the implementation of our reference frame, we were interested to the definition of a cost and effort estimation methodology in order to rationalize this critical process for the enterprise. The implementation of the quality reference frame was accompanied by the definition of a step ensuring the interoperability of defined processes with those of customers and/or supplier. An audit project methodology, a documentary reference frame and a competences reference frame were also developed in order to ensure the implementation and the integration of the quality reference frame
Ferveur, Olivier. "Optimisation des architectures IP/MPLS de transport mutualisé". Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00418026.
Texto completoCette multi-utilisation du standard a entraîné une volonté de mutualisation au sein du coeur de réseau. Aujourd'hui, les fonctionnalités apportées par MPLS permettent une virtualisalisation des infrastructures de réseau IP sur un unique coeur , entraînant une complexification de la gestion de la ressource. Dans cette thèse, nous étudierons les possibilités actuelles de gestion de ce réseau mutualisé et nous proposerons l'adjonction d'un mécanisme de gestion appelé TDCN. Nous démontrerons les nombreuses possibilités offertes par ce nouveau système pour ainsi optimiser l'utilisation du réseau.
Vidal, Olivier. "Gestion du résultat et seuils comptables : Impact des choix méthodologiques et proposition d'un instrument de mesure des irrégularités". Phd thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00483265.
Texto completoTursi, Angela. "Ontology-based approach for product-driven interoperability of enterprise production systems". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10086/document.
Texto completoIn recent years, the enterprise applications interoperability has become the leitmotiv of developers and designers in systems engineering. Most approaches to interoperability in the company have the primary objective of adjustment and adaptation of types and data structures necessary for the implementation of collaboration between companies. In the field of manufacturing, the product is a central component. Scientific works propose solutions taking into account information systems derived from products technical data throughout their life cycle. But this information is often uncorrelated. The management of product data (PDM) is commonly implemented to manage all information concerning products throughout their life cycle. The modelling of management and manufacturing processes is widely applied to both physical products and services. However, these models are generally independent “islands” ignoring the problem of interoperability between applications that support these models. The objective of this thesis is to study the problem of interoperability applied to applications used in the manufacturing environment and to define a model of the ontological knowledge of enterprises related to the products they manufacture, based on technical data, ensuring the interoperability of enterprise systems. The outcome of this research concerns the formalization of a methodology for identifying a product-centric information system in the form of an ontology, for the interoperability of applications in manufacturing companies, based on existing standard such as ISO 10303 and IEC 62264
Catteau, Olivier. "Le cycle de vie de l'objet pédagogique et de ses métadonnées". Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00344701.
Texto completo- une représentation des relations qui utilise des techniques de visualisation de l'information pour rechercher des OP et fournir aux utilisateurs une vue générale de la progression de la production ;
- un service de gestion des commentaires qui offre aux enseignants et aux apprenants l'opportunité d'exploiter, d'exprimer et de partager des évaluations et des suggestions d'utilisation d'OP dans le système adéquat au moment où elles sont pertinentes ;
- un service de gestion des évolutions qui sensibilise les enseignants et les responsables de cours aux divergences qui apparaissent entre les OP importés dans les plates-formes pédagogiques et leurs évolutions et dépendances qui sont stockées dans des viviers hétérogènes.
Cette approche, basée sur des objets pédagogiques de forte granularité, a été expérimentée au sein du campus numérique International E-Mi@ge.
Ley, Christophe. "Univariate and multivariate symmetry: statistical inference and distributional aspects". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210029.
Texto completoThe first part, composed of Chapters 1, 2 and 3 of the thesis, solves two conjectures associated with multivariate skew-symmetric distributions. Since the introduction in 1985 by Adelchi Azzalini of the most famous representative of that class of distributions, namely the skew-normal distribution, it is well-known that, in the vicinity of symmetry, the Fisher information matrix is singular and the profile log-likelihood function for skewness admits a stationary point whatever the sample under consideration. Since that moment, researchers have tried to determine the subclasses of skew-symmetric distributions who suffer from each of those problems, which has led to the aforementioned two conjectures. This thesis completely solves these two problems.
The second part of the thesis, namely Chapters 4 and 5, aims at applying and constructing extremely general skewing mechanisms. As such, in Chapter 4, we make use of the univariate mechanism of Ferreira and Steel (2006) to build optimal (in the Le Cam sense) tests for univariate symmetry which are very flexible. Actually, their mechanism allowing to turn a given symmetric distribution into any asymmetric distribution, the alternatives to the null hypothesis of symmetry can take any possible shape. These univariate mechanisms, besides that surjectivity property, enjoy numerous good properties, but cannot be extended to higher dimensions in a satisfactory way. For this reason, we propose in Chapter 5 different general mechanisms, sharing all the nice properties of their competitors in Ferreira and Steel (2006), but which moreover can be extended to any dimension. We formally prove that the surjectivity property holds in dimensions k>1 and we study the principal characteristics of these new multivariate mechanisms.
Finally, the third part of this thesis, composed of Chapter 6, proposes a test for multivariate central symmetry by having recourse to the concepts of statistical depth and runs. This test extends the celebrated univariate runs test of McWilliams (1990) to higher dimensions. We analyze its asymptotic behavior (especially in dimension k=2) under the null hypothesis and its invariance and robustness properties. We conclude by an overview of possible modifications of these new tests./
Cette thèse traite de différents aspects statistiques et probabilistes de symétrie et asymétrie univariées et multivariées, et est subdivisée en trois parties distinctes.
La première partie, qui comprend les chapitres 1, 2 et 3 de la thèse, est destinée à la résolution de deux conjectures associées aux lois skew-symétriques multivariées. Depuis l'introduction en 1985 par Adelchi Azzalini du plus célèbre représentant de cette classe de lois, à savoir la loi skew-normale, il est bien connu qu'en un voisinage de la situation symétrique la matrice d'information de Fisher est singulière et la fonction de vraisemblance profile pour le paramètre d'asymétrie admet un point stationnaire quel que soit l'échantillon considéré. Dès lors, des chercheurs ont essayé de déterminer les sous-classes de lois skew-symétriques qui souffrent de chacune de ces problématiques, ce qui a mené aux deux conjectures précitées. Cette thèse résoud complètement ces deux problèmes.
La deuxième partie, constituée des chapitres 4 et 5, poursuit le but d'appliquer et de proposer des méchanismes d'asymétrisation très généraux. Ainsi, au chapitre 4, nous utilisons le méchanisme univarié de Ferreira and Steel (2006) pour construire des tests de symétrie univariée optimaux (au sens de Le Cam) qui sont très flexibles. En effet, leur méchanisme permettant de transformer une loi symétrique donnée en n'importe quelle loi asymétrique, les contre-hypothèses à la symétrie peuvent prendre toute forme imaginable. Ces méchanismes univariés, outre cette propriété de surjectivité, possèdent de nombreux autres attraits, mais ne permettent pas une extension satisfaisante aux dimensions supérieures. Pour cette raison, nous proposons au chapitre 5 des méchanismes généraux alternatifs, qui partagent toutes les propriétés de leurs compétiteurs de Ferreira and Steel (2006), mais qui en plus sont généralisables à n'importe quelle dimension. Nous démontrons formellement que la surjectivité tient en dimension k > 1 et étudions les caractéristiques principales de ces nouveaux méchanismes multivariés.
Finalement, la troisième partie de cette thèse, composée du chapitre 6, propose un test de symétrie centrale multivariée en ayant recours aux concepts de profondeur statistique et de runs. Ce test étend le célèbre test de runs univarié de McWilliams (1990) aux dimensions supérieures. Nous en analysons le comportement asymptotique (surtout en dimension k = 2) sous l'hypothèse nulle et les propriétés d'invariance et de robustesse. Nous concluons par un aperçu sur des modifications possibles de ces nouveaux tests.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Xiao, Jinhua. "Towards a STEP-compliant data model for process information management in additive manufacturing : application to fused deposition modelling". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019COMP2483.
Texto completoRegarding the rapid development of additive manufacturing (AM) technology, the integration of digital thread and the standard of data exchange are becoming a huge trend. Digital thread has its own several stages, including production engineering and manufacturing operations. AM data exchange mainly focuses on various print formats, such as STL, AMF, 3MF, and STEP. Therefore, digital thread and information standard become increasing significant. In order to achieve a better integration of digital thread, data standard is needed further to enhance the interoperability among various computer-aided X systems (CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC). Two kinds of problems must be overcome. The first problem is linked to process-related integration while the second is related to data standard. The contribution of the thesis is based on STEP/STEP-NC standards to integrated production engineering and manufacturing operations. The first contribution proposes the fundamental guideline for specifying AM digital thread, including concepts, standards, model representation, descriptive languages, and model assessment. The second contribution, AM process data model, is proposed to address the issues of data interoperability on production engineering and manufacturing operations that defines application objects and entities, and definitions process of data models. The third contribution focuses on the conformance assessment for proposed data model. It provides the specific analysis way for manufacturing layer and head path, respectively. Finally, the propositions are then implemented by a global architecture based on CatalystEX Platform. Such an architecture makes a demonstration on the interoperability of the developed data model and presents the use of a case study for NIST testing part. In order to integrate all the related information on production planning and manufacturing operations, extended STEP/STEP-NC physical file has been accomplished by STEP Part-21 to demonstrate the print planning and AM operations
Pichon, Frédéric. "Fonctions de croyance : décompositions canoniques et règles de combinaison". Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00793859.
Texto completoMolina, Troconis Laudin Alessandro. "Techniques et métriques non intrusives pour caractériser les réseaux Wi-Fi". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IMTA0091/document.
Texto completoNowadays, mobile devices are present worldwide, with over 4.40 Billion devices globally. These devices enable users to access the Internet via wireless networks. Different actors (e.g., home users, enterprises) are installing WiFi networks everywhere, without central coordination, creating chaotic deployments. As a result, WiFi networks are widely deployed all over the world, with high accesspoint (AP) density in urban areas. In this context, end-users and operators are trying to exploit these dense network deployments to obtain ubiquitous Internet connectivity, and possibly other services. However, taking advantage of these deployments requires strategies to gather and provide information about the available networks. In this dissertation, we first study the network discovery process within the context of these deployments. Then, we present the Wireless Measurements Sharing Platform, a collaborative information system, to which mobile stations send simple network measurements that they collected. By gathering and processing several network measurements from different users, the platform provides access to valuable characteristics of the deployment. We evaluate the usefulness of this collaborative platform thanks to two applications: (1) the minimal access point set, to reduce the energy needed to offer WiFi coverage in a given area.(2) The optimization of the scanning parameters,to reduce the time a mobile station needs for the network discovery. Finally, we describe a method to identify whether an AP operates ina saturated channel, by passively monitoring beacon arrival distribution
Do, Cabo Notaroberto Barbosa Hermano Antonio. "Les échanges internationaux de renseignements fiscaux : recherches sur un paradigme fiscal limité". Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020086.
Texto completoInternational co-operation through the exchange of tax information, a classical but marginal issue, has been renewed to become one of the most sensitive subjects of international tax law. Despite all the political and legal efforts made in recent years, and despite the fact that these efforts are real advances in legal technology and administrative efficiency, there are reasons to believe that international tax co-operation still faces different limitations to operate in a worldwide level. This thesis aims to identify the existence of a general legal regime for the exchange of tax information, fairly homogenous in terms of content and application, in view of the main non-EU normative models available nowadays, including those of automatic exchange. Afterwards, the thesis examines the scope of this general regime in order to frame limits to the exchange of tax information and to propose legal solutions to overcome them
Balti, Souha. "L'influence des normes IFRS sur le conservatisme comptable : le cas français". Mémoire, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5922/1/M13045.pdf.
Texto completoBoileau, Catherine. "Déterminants des comportements sexuels à risque pour le VIH/SIDA chez les jeunes femmes et hommes de Bamako (Mali)". Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17767.
Texto completoCharbonneau, Olivier. "Émergence de normes dans les systèmes économiques et sociaux d’oeuvres numériques protégées par droit d’auteur". Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19977.
Texto completoSaidi, Fethi. "Divulgation sectorielle et gouvernance d'entreprise : le cas de la norme ICCA 1701". Thèse, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2986/1/D1865.pdf.
Texto completoMatringe, Pierre. "La recherche d'information juridique en droit allemand et en droit français dans le domaine " informatique et droit " : des fondements théoriques à l'application pratique". Phd thesis, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00655765.
Texto completoSaidatou, Hamibou Dicko. "L'impact du nouveau système comptable Ohada sur les jugements et décisions des agents de prêt". Mémoire, 2006. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3193/1/M9494.pdf.
Texto completo