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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Nonstructural damage"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 10 de marzo de 2023

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Nonstructural damage"

McKevitt, W. E., P. A. M. Timler, and K. K. Lo. "Nonstructural damage from the Northridge earthquake." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 2 (1995): 428–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l95-051.

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The occurrence of the January 17, 1994, Northridge earthquake prompted site visits by teams of Canadian engineers to study the effects of the earthquake. This paper summarizes the observations of nonstructural damage to commercial, institutional, industrial, and utility facilities in the Northridge area. The performance of nonstructural components recorded in this paper is correlated to available estimates of ground acceleration at each site. Nonstructural damage was extensive throughout the area. The examples chosen include a broad range of representative damage. Some examples of well-performed systems are also included. Key words: earthquake, seismic, Northridge, nonstructural, codes, reconnaissance.

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Wang, Duo Zhi, and Jun Wu Dai. "Research Status for Nonstructural Components under Severe Earthquake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 477-478 (December 2013): 1042–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.1042.

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This paper introduces the seismic damage of nonstructural system under severe earthquake at home and abroad. Then seismic research on nonstructural system is little, and that does not match to severe damage, especially the nonstructural system cost high proportions of total price. Damage of nonstructural system has affected people in the life and property safety in the earthquake. Moreover, the paper pays more attention to ceiling system under seismic.

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Xu, Zhen, Huazhen Zhang, Wei Wei, and Zhebiao Yang. "Virtual Scene Construction for Seismic Damage of Building Ceilings and Furniture." Applied Sciences 9, no. 17 (2019): 3465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9173465.

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A valid seismic damage scene for indoor nonstructural components is critical for virtual earthquake safety drills which can teach occupants how to survive in earthquakes. A virtual scene construction method for the seismic damage of suspended ceilings and moveable furniture is proposed based on FEMA P-58 and a physics engine. First, a modeling framework is designed based on building information modeling (BIM) to create consistent structural and scene models for the subsequent structural time-history analysis (THA) and scene construction. Subsequently, FEMA P-58 is employed to determine the damage states of nonstructural components based on the results of the THA. Finally, the physical models on the movements of the damaged components are designed using a physics engine and are also validated through the experiments such as an existing shaking table test. Considering a six-story building as a case study, a virtual earthquake scene of the indoor nonstructural components is constructed and applied in an earthquake safety drill. The outcome of this study provides well-founded scenes of the seismic damage to indoor nonstructural components for performing virtual earthquake safety drills.

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Chu, Xin, James M. Ricles, and Shamim N. Pakzad. "Seismic Fragility Analysis of the Smithsonian Institute Museum Support Center." Earthquake Spectra 33, no. 1 (2017): 85–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/123115eqs193m.

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This paper presents the seismic fragility assessment of the Smithsonian Institute Museum Support Center (MSC), which sustained appreciable damage during the 2011 Virginia earthquake. A three-dimensional (3-D) finite element model (FEM) for the building was created and validated using measured dynamic characteristics determined from field vibration test data. Two suites of bidirectional ground motions at different hazard levels were applied to the FEM to generate fragility curves for structural as well as nonstructural (storage cabinets) damage. The effect of brace yielding strength on structural and nonstructural damage is also investigated to provide recommendations for future retrofit. The fragility curves show that the spectral acceleration to cause structural damage to the building is not high. Due to low seismicity, however, the probability for the structure to be damaged at the design basis earthquake is small. Nevertheless, the probability for nonstructural damage is considerable, which is an important issue related to the seismic performance of the building.

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Nitta, Yoshihiro, Akira Nishitani, Atusmi Iwasaki, Morimasa Watakabe, Shinsuke Inai, and Iwao Ohdomari. "Damage Assessment Methodology for Nonstructural Components with Inspection Robot." Key Engineering Materials 558 (June 2013): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.558.297.

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This paper proposes a damage assessment methodology for the non-structural elements, especially ceiling elements of a building, utilizing an inspection robot. The developed inspection robot equipped with a wireless camera and data processing function has a capability of providing valuable information for the repair and maintenance decision making of a damaged structure. The inspection robots will be able to estimate the damage condition without any process of engineers on-site-inspection involved. The robots also can gather the static data of the nonstructural elements from the sensor, which are distributed on the nonstructural elements. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the inspection robot, the robot is utilized to estimate the ceiling of a real structure damaged by the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake. And conceptual experiment is also conducted for the purpose of evaluating the proposed damage assessment methodology in cooperation with the smart sensor and the inspection robot. The proposed methodology will provide useful information to the maintenance and repair planning of a damaged structure.

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Graham, Wayne J., and Chih Ted Yang. "Dam Safety and Nonstructural Damage Reduction Measures." Water International 21, no. 3 (1996): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508069608686507.

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Wang, Duo Zhi, and Jun Wu Dai. "Seismic Damage of Suspended System in Lushan Earthquake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 477-478 (December 2013): 1038–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.1038.

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The seismic damage of nonstructural system is severely, and has affect escaped from building and rescue. Suspending system is the typical one of the nonstructural system. This paper investigated the seismic damage of suspending system in Lushan earthquake. Suspending system of many buildings are failure, especially for the hospital and gymnasium which is used for disadvantaged group and rescue. Moreover, design of suspending systerm is lack of industrial standards, so much attention should be paid.

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Miranda, Eduardo, Gilberto Mosqueda, Rodrigo Retamales, and Gokhan Pekcan. "Performance of Nonstructural Components during the 27 February 2010 Chile Earthquake." Earthquake Spectra 28, no. 1_suppl1 (2012): 453–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.4000032.

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The 27 February 2010 Chile earthquake caused widespread nonstructural damage in practically all types of buildings. While few commercial, residential, office, and industrial buildings suffered structural damage, the functionality of many more facilities was disrupted, and significant economic losses were reported due mainly to nonstructural damage. Design requirements for nonstructural components in Chilean design codes are rarely enforced, unless explicitly requested by owners. In addition, construction predating modern codes has not been upgraded to current standards, even for such critical facilities as hospitals. This earthquake highlights that more attention should be devoted to enforcing regulations and improving the seismic performance of nonstructural components whose failure can lead to injuries, substantial economic losses, and partial or total loss of functionality. This is especially important for facilities critical to the response and recovery, such as hospitals and airports that should remain operational even after strong earthquakes.

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Barbosa, Andre R., Larry A. Fahnestock, Damon R. Fick, et al. "Performance of Medium-to-High Rise Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings with Masonry Infill in the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake." Earthquake Spectra 33, no. 1_suppl (2017): 197–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/051017eqs087m.

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Following the 25 April 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, earthquake and subsequent aftershocks, field surveys were conducted on medium-to-high rise reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings with masonry infill located in the Kathmandu Valley. Rapid visual assessment, ambient vibration testing, and ground-based lidar (GBL) showed that these buildings suffered damage ranging from light to severe, where damage occurred in both structural and nonstructural elements, but was most prevalent in nonstructural masonry infills. Finite-element structural analyses of selected buildings corroborate field observations of only modest structural damage. The lack of severe structural damage in this relatively limited class of engineered medium-to-high rise RC infill frame buildings illustrates the impact of modern seismic design standards and stands in stark contrast to the severe damage and collapse observed in low-rise nonengineered RC infill frame buildings. Nonetheless, the nonstructural damage hindered many of these buildings from being occupied for many months following the earthquake and subsequent aftershocks.

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Wang, Duozhi, Junwu Dai, and Xiaoqing Ning. "Shaking table tests of typical B-ultrasound model hospital room in a simulation of the Lushan earthquake." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 49, no. 1 (2016): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.49.1.116-124.

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Earthquakes have again highlighted the vulnerability of China’s health facilities. The current investigation of the seismic status of hospital facilities was conducted after the Lushan MW6.6 earthquake, and both structural and nonstructural damage are listed. Structural and nonstructural damage of four typical hospitals and clinics are discussed here. Structural damage is here described alongside damage to architectural elements, equipment, and furnishings caused by earthquakes. This investigation indicated that the hospital facilities can lose partial or full functionality due to nonstructural damage or even limited structural damage. Although none of the objects inside were knocked over and only a few decorations fell down, many sets of equipment were severely damaged because of the strong floor vibration. This resulted in great economic losses and delays in rescue operations after the earthquake. Shaking table tests on a full scale model of a B-ultrasound room were conducted to investigate the seismic performance of a typical room in a hospital. The tests results showed that the acceleration responses of the building contents with or without trundles demonstrated different behaviour. Without trundles, the peak acceleration and the peak displacement of building contents first increased with increasing PGA and then decreased when the acceleration exceeded a particular value. Then they both changed a little. Because of the rapid turning trundles, the response of building contents increased only slightly as PGA increased, or even decreased or remained roughly steady.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Nonstructural damage"

Kelley, Donald M. "The integration of nonstructural methods into flood loss reduction programs : an evaluation of a remaining obstacle /." This resource online, 1986. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222008-063409/.

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Kelley, Donald M. "The integration of nonstructural methods into flood loss reduction programs:an evaluation of a remaining obstacle." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34706.

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Current U.S. Army Corps of Engineers water resources planning guidance directs the planners to consider all design alternatives with economic efficiency as the primary criterion. Recent criticism of the flood loss reduction planning is directed at the Corps. One criticism is that the traditional design practices of the Corps address only large flood events. The emphasis on large flood events precludes the use of nonstructural methods, whose economically feasible range is at smaller scales. However, the advantage of having nonstructural measures available to federal water resources planners is widely recognized. This study seeks to demonstrate that nonstructural means are at a disadvantage in the Corps planning process. It examines the institutional framework that directs the planning of these projects. Using data from Corps reports, the economically feasible ranges and optimal sizes are determined for selected nonstructural measures through a series of case studies. The resulting optimal sizes are compared to those recommended in the Corps reports. The optimal sizes of the nonstructural alternatives developed for this study are smaller than the recommended levels. In the current budget climate, the implementation of flood loss reduction projects may occur more frequently with the increased use of nonstructura1 measures since they require less investment. Master of Science

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Kumar, Sushant. "Structural Studies on DNA Damage Inducible Protein 1 (Ddi1) of Leishmania and the Rotavirus Nonstructural Protein NSP4." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/3018.

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Structuraj investigations on the Ddi1 (DNA-damage inducible protein 1) of Leishmania major and on the rotavirus nonstructural protein NSP4 were carried out. Ddi1 belongs to the ubiquitin receptor family of proteins. One of its domains is similar to the retroviral aspartic proteinases. It has been shown that this domain is the target of HIV-protease inhibitors that were being used in the treatment of AIDS and it was observed that these drugs effectively controlled opportunistic diseases caused by many parasitic protozoa such as Leishmania and Plasmodium species. The retroviral protease-like domains present in Ddi1 proteins of these organisms were identified as the targets of these drugs. Structural studies on Ddi1 from L. major have been carried out, in an attempt to provide a platform for the design of anti-protozoal compounds. Rotavirus NSP4, the first viral enterotoxin to be identified, is a multifunctional glycoprotein that plays critical roles in viral pathogenesis and morphogenesis. As part of an ongoing project on the structural characterization of NSP4, we determined the structure of the diarrhea-inducing region of this protein from the rotavirus strain MF66. Chapter 1 presents an overview of Ddi1 and NSP4 of the rotavirus with an emphasis on their structural features. The methods employed during the course of the present work are described in Chapter 2. Structural studies on the retroviral protease-like domain of Ddi1 (Ddi1-RVP) of L. major is presented in Chapter 3. Apart from this domain, Ddi1 of L. major also has a ubiquitin-associated and ubiquitin-like domains whereas P. falciparum has only the ubiquitin-associated domain. Activity of the full length Ddi1 of L. major and the retroviral protease domain of P. falciparum using an HIV protease substrate was shown to be inhibited by an HIV protease inhibitor, saquinavir. Binding of saquinavir to the proteins was also confirmed by Biolayer Interferometry studies. The crystal structure of the retroviral protease domain of L. major Ddi1 has been determined. It forms a homodimeric structure similar to that of HIV protease and the reported structure of the same domain from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The loops in Ddi1-RVP are similar to the 'flap' regions of the HIV protease which close-in upon substrate/inhibitor binding; they are visible in the electron density maps, unlike the case of the S. cerevisiae protein. Though the native form of the domain shows an open dimeric structure, normal mode analysis reveals that it can take up a closed conformation resulting from relative movements of the subunits. The present structure of Ddi1-RVP of L. major with the defined 'flap'-like loops will be helpful in the design of effective drugs against protozoal diseases, starting with HIV protease inhibitors as the lead compounds. Chapter 4 describes the structural investigations carried out on the diarrhea-inducing region of the nonstructural protein NSP4 of the rotavirus strain MF66 which forms an α-helical coiled-coil structure. Crystal structures of a synthetic peptide and of two recombinant proteins spanning this region showed parallel tetrameric organization of this domain with a bound Ca2+ ion at the core. Subsequently, we determined the structure of NSP4 from a different strain as a pentamer without the bound Ca2+ ion. This new structure provides more insights into understanding some of the functions of NSP4 such as the release of ions into the cytoplasm and binding to the double-layered particle (DLP). We also established conditions responsible for these structural transitions. The crystal structure of the coiled-coil domain of NSP4 presented in this chapter shows an entirely different structure which is an antiparallel tetramer. This explains our failure to determine the structure by the molecular replacement method using known oligomers. The structure was solved by the Sulphur-SAD method using diffraction data collected with Cr Ka radiation. The study reveals that the structural diversity of NSP4 is not limited. We could relate sequence variations and pH conditions to the differences in oligomeric assemblies. Surface properties of the domain suggest that the new form is likely to interact with different sets of proteins compared to those that interact with the parallel tetramers or pentamers. Further investigations are needed to establish this property.

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Hsiao, Yu-Ling, and 蕭玉翎. "Pathological effects of antibodies against dengue virus nonstructural protein 1 in liver damage and endothelial cell activation." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20832160480205379025.

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碩士 國立成功大學 微生物暨免疫學研究所 91 Dengue virus (DV) infection causes dengue fever or severe life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS). However, the pathogenesis of DHF/DSS is still not well understood. Previous studies in our laboratory showed that the AST and ALT, but not BUN, in mouse sera increased after either active immunization with DV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) or passive administration with anti-DV NS1 antibodies (Abs). Furthermore, anti-DV NS1 Abs could bind to mouse vessel endothelium in inferior vena. In this study, we investigate the potential pathogenic role of anti-DV NS1 Abs in the damaged organs. Mice actively immunized with DV NS1 protein revealed the presence of anti-DV NS1 Abs on vessel endothelium in the liver. However, in the kidney, mice actively immunized with DV NS1 protein, JEV NS1 protein or PBS show similar binding patterns. Studies using organ sections from normal mice showed that anti-DV NS1 Abs, but not anti-JEV NS1 Abs, could directly bind to vessel endothelium in the liver sections. However, no specific cross-reaction of anti-DV NS1 Abs with mouse kidney vessel endothelium. Interestingly, gross and histological examinations revealed tissue damage with the presence of macrophage infiltration in the liver of NS1-immunized mice. We speculate that anti-DV NS1-induced endothelial cell dysfunction might result in liver tissue damage, at least in part, by infiltrated cells. Previous in vitro studies in our laboratory showed immune activation including cytokine and chemokine production in endothelial cells after treatment with anti-DV NS1 Abs. In this study, we demonstrated the involvement of upstream regulator NF-kB in immune activation by EMSA. After treatment with NF-kB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, the expressions of IL-6、IL-8 and MCP-1 which could be stimulated by anti-DV NS1 Abs were inhibited. Taken together, endothelial cell damage and abnormal activation after stimulation by anti-DV NS1 Abs have been examined both in vivo and in vitro. These results imply the involvement of anti-DV NS1 Abs in the pathogenesis of DV infection.

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Ying-LiehTu and 凃英烈. "A Study on Earthquake Damage Probability Curves of Nonstructural Components in Buildings – Illustrated by Hospital and School Buildings." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26011583059215953922.

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博士 國立成功大學 建築學系碩博士班 100 The damage of nonstructural components resulting in interruption of emergency medical care in hospital and emergent shelters for the local residents in school which can happen when hospitals or school experience a larger seismic intensity scale. Hence, the seismic-resistant capacity of structure and nonstructural component of hospital or school buildings have to be raised at the same time. In this study, 41 hospital buildings in the Chi-Chi earthquake and 56 school buildings in the Taitung earthquake on April 1st and the Heng-Chun earthquake on December 26th , 2006 were investigated with damaged nonstructural components by means of questionnaire. For fragility curves, the nonstructural components were classified damage states of each nonstructural component listed in questionnaire sheets into no, slight, moderate, and extensive damage level. Finally, fragility curves for 26 nonstructural items of 3 categories in hospitals and 10 nonstructural items in school buildings were developed for future applications. From the concept of fragility curve and using the PGA as the independent variable, this study also offers a prediction to the repair cost and recovery time which could be used as a reference to assess future earthquake loss. This study shows that the machine equipment in hospital and the exterior walls in school buildings are the most expensive nonstructural items in repair cost and recovery time. Using the fragility curves from this study, the damage prediction for nonstructural components in hospital or school buildings can be practiced. The probability curves of repair cost and recovery time could be a reference to increase the rebuild efficiency after an earthquake.

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Ierimonti, Laura. "Life-cycle cost-based design of wind excited tall buildings." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1129235.

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In this thesis a practical design tool based on Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) is proposed for wind-sensitive structures. A cost-based approach can broaden the perspective of managers and stakeholders in order to choose the best design solution on the basis of the monetary losses expected during the structure lifetime. In this context, an automated and computationally efficient procedure named Life-Cycle Cost Wind Design (LCCWD) is developed for the design of tall structures. All the key aspects related to wind engineering are considered: the characterization of the wind load and of the aerodynamic structural response uncertainty, the probabilistic analysis of non-structural damages, the choice of an effective control system considering technical and economic aspects. The efficiency of the LCCWD approach is demonstrated by making use of a case study of a 180-m high tall building, for which wind tunnel load data are available. The control system consists in a bidirectional TMD, located at the top floor of the building. The structural analysis is carried out in the frequency domain and considers power-law function mode shapes and torsional response. Costs related to both drift-sensitive and acceleration-sensitive non-structural components are evaluated and the beneficial contribution of the TMD in reducing both types of damage is assessed in a Life-Cycle Cost perspective. The main results of the numerical application consist in: 1) to establish the best orientation of the building for the specific geographic area; 2) to determine most appropriate types of nonstructural elements by comparing different cost-based solutions; 3) to provide indications about the possible use of the interior spaces within the height of the building in relation to the distribution of nonstructural components; 4) to estimate the time, called Break-Even Time (BET), after which the initial costs associated with the installation of the control system are recovered, with a consequent significant lifetime costs reduction. The LCCWD is effective and easily adaptable to real applications in order to choose the best cost-based design solution on the basis of different alternatives that will simultaneously meet the need of customers and designers. With the LCCWD it is possible to accept or reject design alternatives and select 'optimal' and technically valid systems or decide for a particular structural control device that meets specific cost-based technical performance.

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Libros sobre el tema "Nonstructural damage"

Fierro, Eduardo A. Reducing the risks of nonstructural earthquake damage: A practical guide. 3rd ed. Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1994.

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Reitherman, Robert. Reducing the risks of nonstructural earthquake damage: A practical guide. 2nd ed. Bay Area Regional Earthquake Preparedness Project, 1985.

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K, Eisner Richard, Reitherman Robert 1950-, Bay Area Regional Earthquake Preparedness Project., California Seismic Safety Commission, and United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency., eds. Reducing the risks of nonstructural earthquake damage: A practical guide. 2nd ed. Bay Area Regional Earthquake Preparedness Project, 1985.

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Nonstructural seismic damage: An annotated bibliography. National Hazards Research Program, AIA/ACSA Council on Architectural Research, 1993.

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Interim testing protocols for determining the seismic performance characteristics of structural and nonstructural components. Federal Emergency Management Agency, 2007.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Nonstructural damage"

"Nonstructural Damage." In Christchurch, New Zealand, Earthquakes of 2010 and 2011, Lifeline Performance. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784414217.ch17.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Nonstructural damage"

Perry, Cynthia, Maryann Phipps, and Ayse Hortacsu. "Reducing the Risks of Nonstructural Earthquake Damage." In ATC and SEI Conference on Improving the Seismic Performance of Existing Buildings and Other Structures. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41084(364)62.

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Lin, Li, Minyuan Huang, Duozhi Wang, and Xiqing Song. "Seismic Damage of Nonstructural System in Space Structures." In 2015 International Conference on Intelligent Transportation, Big Data & Smart City (ICITBS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icitbs.2015.179.

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Perry, Cynthia, Ayse Hortacsu, Maryann Phipps, and Michael Mahoney. "Reducing the Risks of Nonstructural Earthquake Damage: New Tools for Design Professionals." In Architectural Engineering Conference (AEI) 2011. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41168(399)46.

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Yan, Guirong, Scott Jemison, Qiuhua Duan, and Ruoqiang Feng. "Detection of Pretension Loss of Cable-Net Structures." In ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-8978.

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Due to aesthetic shapes, light weight and flexibility, cable-net structures have been widely used as roofs for venues where many people assemble, such as sports stadiums/arenas and gymnasiums. Failure of this type of structure may endanger the safety of many people. This type of structure consists of a separate grid of structural cables supporting a nonstructural weather shield. It is well known that the stiffness of this type of structure is established by pretension in the cables. Part of the pretension in the cables will be lost as time evolves. The detection of the pretension loss in cables of cable-stayed bridges has been widely studied. However, the detection of pretension loss in cables of cable-net structures has been lacking. In this study, the dynamic and static properties of cable-net structures will be investigated and the effectiveness of two damage detection approaches in detecting the pretension loss in cable-net structures will be investigated.

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Liao, Wen-I., and Juin-Fu Chai. "Seismic Performance of Raised Floor System by Shake Table Excitations." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61309.

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Seismic performance of nonstructural elements such as the raised floor system has not attracted much attention. However, damage of expensive equipments that stand in the raised floor system of high-tech FAB was often observed during past earthquake in Taiwan area. This will result in huge loss of manufacturing functions and properties for the high-tech industry. There is a need to understand the dynamic characteristics of the raised floor system for future seismic protection. This paper presents the seismic performance of raised floor system by shake table excitations. The tested raised floor system was a pedestal-stringer frame structure, and supporting a simulated equipment. This raised floor system was the typical system that frequently used in Taiwan semi-conductor FAB. The input motions for the shake table tests were the waffle-slab floor acceleration responses of a typical semi-conductor FAB by input simulated ground motions. The simulated ground motions are base on the phase spectrum and the maximum potential earthquake of site located at Taiwan Hsin-Chu Science Park. The dynamic characteristics include the acceleration amplification and dependence of input motions by raised floor system was studied and discussed. This study also employee the finite element package to carry out numerical simulation on seismic responses of raised floor systems and compared with the experimental data, and show that the proposed simulation model was very excellent.

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Adiyanto, Mohd Irwan, Taksiah A. Majid, and Fadzli Mohamed Nazri. "Nonstructural damages of reinforced concrete buildings due to 2015 Ranau earthquake." In PROCEEDING OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF GLOBAL NETWORK FOR INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY 2016 (3RD IGNITE-2016): Advanced Materials for Innovative Technologies. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4993403.

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Lin, Fan-Ru, Kuo-Chun Chang, Juin-Fu Chai, et al. "Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of a Typical Sprinkler Piping System in Hospitals." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-29114.

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Based on the immediate needs of emergency medical services provided by hospitals after strong earthquakes, this paper is to introduce a research program on assessment and improvement strategies for typical configuration of sprinkler piping systems in hospitals. The study involved component tests and subsystem tests. Cyclic loading tests were conducted to investigate inelastic behavior of components including concrete anchorage, screwed fittings of small bore piping and mechanical couplings. Parts of horizontal piping systems of the aforementioned seismic damaged sprinkler piping system were tested using shaking table tests. Furthermore, the horizontal piping subsystems with seismic resistant devices such as braces, flexible pipes and mechanical couplings were tested. The test results show that the main cause of the damaged case is the poor shear capacity of the screwed fitting of the small-bore tee branch. The optimum improvement strategy to achieve higher nonstructural performance level for the horizontal piping subsystem is to strengthen the main pipe with braces and to decrease shear demands on the tee branch by flexible pipes. The hysteresis loops and failure modes of components were further discussed and will be used to conduct numerical analysis of sprinkler piping systems in future studies.

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