Literatura académica sobre el tema "Non-parametric efficiency model"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Non-parametric efficiency model"
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Thi Vu, Loan, Nga Thu Nguyen y Linh Hong Dinh. "Measuring banking efficiency in Vietnam: parametric and non-parametric methods". Banks and Bank Systems 14, n.º 1 (8 de febrero de 2019): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.14(1).2019.06.
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The article aims to evaluate the business efficiency of commercial banks in Vietnam using both parametric and non-parametric approaches. In this study, the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), which belongs to a parametric method, and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a non-parametric approach, are applied to a sample of 30 joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam in the period of 2011–2015. Applying Tobit regression model, the impact of bank size, bank age, and the ownership feature on the efficiency of bank service industry in Vietnam is also investigated. The analysis results show that in general, the Vietnamese banking efficiency is improving during the selected period regardless of techniques used. However, there is small level of similarity in efficiency rankings identified from the SFA and DEA models. In terms of efficiency determinants, the results show that all three variables of size, age, and state ownership have a positive impact on bank efficiency.
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Murillo, Kelly Patricia. "A non-parametric dynamic model for measuring efficiency". Selecciones Matemáticas 10, n.º 02 (30 de noviembre de 2023): 324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sel.mat.2023.02.08.
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Conventional efficiency evaluation systems present little diversity in the type of variables considered. This aspect generally leads to errors in the application of the models and in the corresponding interpretation of results. This study proposes a dynamic model to measure the efficiency of decision-making units, based on non-parametric Multidirectional Efficiency Analysis (MEA). The model presented here considers a complete structure, which includes intertemporal variables (desirable/undesirable intermediate inputs and outputs), discretionary/non-discretionary inputs; desirable/undesirable inputs and outputs. Dynamic score is defined first in a particular version and then in a more general version, considering two optimization problems. The directional contribution of each variable is examined, showing excess inputs and deficit outputs. In addition, a dynamic inefficiency index to measure the number of times each input was used inefficiently, is presented for both desirable and undesirable cases.
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Matulova, Marketa y Jana Rejentova. "Efficiency of European Airports: Parametric Versus Non-parametric Approach". Croatian Operational Research Review 12, n.º 1 (2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17535/crorr.2021.0001.
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This paper presents a performance evaluation of European airports, based on the application of both parametric and non-parametric approaches. We have evaluated the 115 busiest airports in Europe according to the number of passengers checked-in in 2018. The four inputs we used were the number of Terminals, Runways, Boarding gates, and Aircraft stands. Three variables were used to describe the outputs, namely, Passengers, Movements, and Cargo. The parametric method we chose to apply was the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) with the Cobb-Douglas production function, the Half-Normal distribution of inefficiency component, and the Normal distribution of an error term. As a basic SFA model only allows for a single output, we employed different methods to get a single efficiency score for each and every airport. Next, we evaluated the airport performance non-parametrically using several Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) models including the super-efficiency model. We compared the results obtained by individual approaches and discussed their pros and cons. Finally, we applied the program evaluation procedure to explore the effect of the different forms of airports ownership on their performance.
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Wang, Shouhong. "Adaptive non-parametric efficiency frontier analysis: a neural-network-based model". Computers & Operations Research 30, n.º 2 (febrero de 2003): 279–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-0548(01)00095-8.
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Stavárek, Daniel y Iveta Řepková. "Efficiency in the Czech banking industry: A non-parametric approach". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, n.º 2 (2012): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260020357.
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This paper estimates the efficiency of the Czech commercial banks in the period 2001–2010 using the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis. We simultaneously use two alternative specifications – CCR model and BCR model – that differ in returns to scale assumption. Differences in estimated efficiency scores of individual banks are quite large up to 70 percentage points. Largest banks perform significantly worse than mid-size and small banks. This efficiency gap decreases if variable returns to scale are considered in the estimation. The average efficiency in the banking sector remained nearly unchanged during the analysed period. Although each year is estimated separately one can observe a deterioration of average efficiency during the recent crisis period.
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Wang, Yue, Valerie M. LeMay y Peter L. Marshall. "Relative efficiency and reliability of parametric and nonparametric sequential accuracy testing plans". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, n.º 10 (1 de octubre de 1996): 1724–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-196.
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The relative efficiency and reliability of parametric and nonparametric sequential accuracy testing plans were investigated using Monte Carlo techniques with normal and non-normal distribution generators. For the normal distributions, zero (no equation bias) and nonzero (some equation bias) means were simulated. For normal distributions with a nonzero mean, a modified nonparametric testing plan was developed and compared with the bias-free parametric test. The parametric testing plans resulted in average sample numbers to reach a terminal decision that were 20–40% smaller than the nonparametric testing plans, when the prediction errors of a model were normally distributed. In this circumstance, both the parametric and nonparametric testing plans yielded actual probabilities of making a type I or II error close to the nominal values, with the parametric testing plans giving somewhat lower error probabilities. When model errors followed a non-normal distribution, the nonparametric testing plans still resulted in error probabilities close to the nominal values, but this was not the case for the parametric testing plans.
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Pool, Sandra, Marc Vis y Jan Seibert. "Evaluating model performance: towards a non-parametric variant of the Kling-Gupta efficiency". Hydrological Sciences Journal 63, n.º 13-14 (26 de octubre de 2018): 1941–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2018.1552002.
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Hlali, Arbia. "Efficiency Analysis with non parametric method: Illustration of the Tunisian ports". Logistics & Sustainable Transport 9, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2018): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jlst-2018-0005.
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AbstractThis paper applies a non-parametric method to provide level technical efficiency for 7 Tunisian ports during 18 years (1998-2015). These ports represent different data set. The use of the model of variable returns to scale (VRS) has led to interesting results. The results show that the most ports are characterized by low levels of technical efficiency, with the exception port of Rades. In addition, the result shows the variation of variable returns to scale and constant returns to scale of technical port’s efficiency. Furthermore, we concluded that the panel data improves the efficiency estimates.
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Koldanov, Petr y Vladimir Koldanov. "Nonparametric procedure for comparing the performance of divisions of a network organization". Business Informatics 18, n.º 1 (31 de marzo de 2024): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2587-814x.2024.1.52.64.
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To solve the problem of comparative efficiency analysis of branch operations for a small volume of randomly observed data, a non-parametric approach is relevant, since it does not require a probabilistic model of observations. Comparing the results of the non-parametric approach with the results obtained within the traditionally used Gaussian model is also relevant. Additionally, obtaining a consistent comparison of a group (of no less than three) branches is important. Currently, the non-parametric approach and the corresponding comparison with the known results of solving the problem considered in this work obtained within the framework of the normal model are absent. In addition, insufficient attention is paid to the search for methods of obtaining consistent solutions. This work to some extent fills these gaps. This work uses non-parametric statistical methods and theory of simultaneous hypothesis testing to address these problems. This paper proposes a procedure for comparative analysis of the efficiency of several units within a network organization with a small volume of observations based on the Mann–Whitney tests. We carry out a comparison of the results obtained from the proposed non-parametric procedure with results based on extensions of Student’s t-tests. We propose a method for reducing the number of compatibility problems based on the search for an appropriate significance level. We provide an example of a fully consistent comparison of the efficiency of branch operations.
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Wang, Hao, Long Zheng y Shunhuai Chen. "Marine Propeller Optimization Based on a Novel Parametric Model". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (30 de marzo de 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5612793.
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This paper presents a novel parametric model of marine propellers based on Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines. It involves eight parameters and five categories of spanwise parameter distributions, which are utilized for determining hydrofoil and blade shapes. 20 different hydrofoils and 5 types of well-known marine propellers are employed to detect the accuracy of the proposed parametric model. Furthermore, a propeller optimization problem was addressed with the aid of the parametric model. In the propeller optimization problem, a common AU-series propeller is treated as the baseline propeller. The proposed parametric model is used for the representation and deformation of the propeller geometric model. A hydrodynamic performance evaluation model is developed based on gene expression programming. Also, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II is used in the applications of the propeller optimization problem. The results demonstrate that the accuracy of the proposed parametric model satisfies the engineering requirements well, and a propeller with higher efficiency than the baseline propeller can be derived by settling the propeller optimization problem.
Tesis sobre el tema "Non-parametric efficiency model"
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GITTO, SIMONE. "The measurement of productivity and efficiency: theory and applications". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/835.
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Questa tesi discute diversi metodi per la stima della produttivita’ ed efficienza. Sono discussi i recenti miglioramenti nelle tecniche di stima con tre diverse applicazioni.
Nella prima applicazione, l’indice di Tornqvist e’ usato per stimare la produttivita’ totale dei fattori di Alitalia, la principale compagnia area Italiana. Nella seconda applicazione, la DEA boostrata e’ impiegata per investigare l’efficienza e le caratteristiche manageriali degli aeroporti italiani. Nella terza applicazione, uno stimatore iperbolico alpha-quantile e’ utilizzato nello studio dell’efficienza e della produttività degli ospedali italiani.This thesis shows several methods to measure the productivity and the efficiency. Recent improvements in methods are discussed and three applications are reported. In particular, I presented an application of the Tornqvist index numbers to measure the total factor productivity of Alitalia, the main Italian airline; a study of Italian airport sector with the use of bootstrapped-DEA; and an investigation of the efficiency of public Italian hospitals using a hyperbolic, alpha-quantile estimator.
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Nacanabo, Amade. "Impact des chocs climatiques sur la sécurité alimentaire dans les pays sahéliens : approches macroéconomiques et microéconomiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOUL2007.
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Utilisé très souvent de façon métaphorique pour désigner les franges méridionales du Sahara, le Sahel du fait de sa position géographique est une région vulnérable au changement climatique. L’agriculture est fortement pluviale et largement dépendante des conditions climatiques. La prise en compte du changement climatique est indispensable dans la réalisation de la sécurité alimentaire au Sahel. En alliant travaux empiriques et théoriques, cette thèse se propose de contribuer à une meilleure compréhension de l’incidence du changement climatique sur la sécurité alimentaire au Sahel au niveau microéconomique et macroéconomique. Le premier chapitre examine au niveau macroéconomique, la situation de la sécurité alimentaire au Sahel, après avoir analysé son dynamisme démographique. Les résultats de ce chapitre montrent que le Sahel n’a pas encore entamé sa transition démographique. Le taux de croissance démographique est élevé par rapport à la moyenne de l’Afrique subsaharienne. La sous-alimentation est en baisse mais reste prégnante dans cette région. Réduire la sous-alimentation passe nécessairement par la production agricole, qui est tributaire des aléas climatiques. Le deuxième chapitre s’intéresse donc aux effets du changement climatique sur les rendements de certaines cultures (mil, sorgho et maïs) au Sahel. Les résultats indiquent que le changement climatique a un impact globalement négatif sur les rendements agricoles au Sahel. Cette analyse au niveau macroéconomique est ensuite complétée par deux chapitres qui, à un niveau microéconomique, se focalisent sur le comportement des agriculteurs au Sahel. Le troisième chapitre cherche ainsi à analyser l’impact des chocs climatiques mesurés par la perception des agriculteurs sur l’inefficience des parcelles agricoles. Il ressort de cette étude que les chocs climatiques augmentent l’inefficience des parcelles agricoles. A travers la baisse des rendements et l’inefficience des parcelles, le changement climatique peut affecter la pauvreté et la vulnérabilité alimentaire des ménages agricoles burkinabés. A cet effet, le quatrième chapitre identifie les déterminants individuels et contextuels de la pauvreté et la vulnérabilité alimentaire des ménages agricoles burkinabés. Les résultats relèvent qu’en plus des caractéristiques individuelles du ménage agricole comme sa taille ou le niveau d’éducation du chef du ménage, le contexte climatique de résidence permet d’expliquer sa pauvreté et vulnérabilité alimentaireOften used metaphorically to refer to the southern fringes of the Sahara, the Sahel's geographical position makes it a region vulnerable to climate change. Agriculture is highly rain-fed and largely dependent on climatic conditions. If food security is to be achieved in the Sahel, climate change must be taken into account. By combining empirical and theoretical work, this thesis aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of climate change on food security in the Sahel at the microeconomic and macroeconomic levels. The first chapter examines the food security situation in the Sahel at the macroeconomic level, after analysing its demographic dynamism. The results of this chapter show that the Sahel has not yet begun its demographic transition. The demographic growth rate is high compared with the average for sub-Saharan Africa. Undernourishment is on the decline, but remains prevalent in the region. Reducing undernourishment necessarily involves agricultural production, which is dependent on the vagaries of the climate. The second chapter therefore looks at the effects of climate change on the yields of certain crops (millet, sorghum and maize) in the Sahel. The results indicate that climate change is having an overall negative impact on agricultural yields in the Sahel. This analysis at the macroeconomic level is then supplemented by two chapters which, at the microeconomic level, focus on the behaviour of farmers in the Sahel. The third chapter seeks to analyse the impact of climatic shocks, as measured by farmers' perceptions, on the inefficiency of agricultural plots. This study shows that climatic shocks increase the inefficiency of agricultural plots. Through lower yields and plot inefficiency, climate change may affect the poverty and food vulnerability of Burkinabé farming households. To this end, the fourth chapter identifies the individual and contextual determinants of poverty and food vulnerability among farming households in Burkina Faso. The results show that, in addition to the individual characteristics of farm households, such as their size or the level of education of the head of household, the climatic context in which they live helps to explain their poverty and food vulnerability
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Veiderpass, Ann. "Swedish retail electricity distribution : a non-parametric approach to efficiency and productivity change /". Göteborg : Nationalekonomiska institutionen, Handelshögsk, 1993. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=005095660&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Silva, Tarcio Lopes da. "Análise dos modelos não paramétricos de avaliação de eficiência e a performance dos bancos comerciais brasileiros". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10556.
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O principal objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e analisar do ponto de vista teórico os principais métodos não paramétricos de avaliação de eficiência e avaliar empiricamente os resultados gerados por esses diferentes métodos aplicados a um mesmo conjunto de dados. Com essa finalidade, realizou-se diversas simulações teóricas para fins comparativos dos tradicionais estimadores DEA e FDH, inclusive de seus procedimentos para inferência e correção de viés, e dos novos estimadores de ordem m e quantil. Empiricamente, utilizamos uma amostra de 184 bancos comerciais brasileiros no período de Junho/1995 à Junho/2004. Os resultados mostraram que as diferentes suposições impostas ao conjunto de produção pelos estimadores DEA e FDH afetam sensivelmente os índices de eficiência de várias firmas. Apesar disso, o uso de mais de um estimador mostrou-se um bom artifício para identificação das unidades com pior desempenho. Os procedimentos disponíveis para correção de viés e inferência, entretanto, mostraram-se deficientes principalmente para as firmas localizadas ao longo da fronteira estimada. Por outro lado, a importância da utilização dos novos estimadores não paramétricos quantil e de ordem m ficou evidente devido a presença de observações consideradas valores extremos, que distorcem os índices de eficiência estimados de outras observações. O uso de tais estimadores, mais robustos a valores extremos e outliers, gerou resultados mais confiáveis. Finalmente, procurou-se investigar se o controle de capital, o segmento de atuação e o porte dos bancos afetam sua eficiência, além de investigar o comportamento da performance do setor durante o período de análise.The purpose of this piece of work has been to analyse and describe the main non parametric efficiency evaluation methods from a theoretical point of view and to empirically analyse the efficiency scores generated by such methods using the same data sample. For that purpose, theoretical simulations were used in order to compare traditional DEA and FDH estimators, their inference and bias correction procedures included. The new order m and quantil estimators were also used. We empirically used a sample of 184 Brazilian commercial banks spanning the June/1995 to June/2004 period. The results show that several banks’ efficiency scores were noticeably affected by the different assumptions made by the DEA and FDH estimators towards the production set. Nevertheless, the use of more than one estimator proved to be an effective way of identifying the units with the worst performance levels. The available procedures for bias correction and inference, however, proved ineffective for frontier firms. On the other hand, the importance of utilising the new order m and quantil estimators was evidenced. Several observations from our sample were detected as extreme values, which affected the estimated efficiency scores from other observations. The use of the aforementioned estimators, more robust to extreme values and outliers, generated more trustworthy results. Finally, an attempt was made to investigate whether or not capital control, business segment and banks’ size affect their efficiency, besides investigating the sector’s performance behaviour during the target period.
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Aye, Goodness Chioma. "Sensitivity and integration of efficiency estimates from input distance functions and stochastic production frontiers : application to maize production in Benue State Nigeria". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28829.
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The selection of a suitable model for efficiency analysis is one of the most important issues in policy analysis. Given the recent interest in the use of distance functions as alternative representation of production technology, this study compares the empirical performances of the parametric stochastic input distance function to its nonparametric counterpart, data envelopment analysis. A further comparison is made between the alternatives of a distance and production function frontiers. It further integrates efficiency scores from the consistent approaches in order to evaluate the performance of the sampled farm households and for analysis of policy impacts on technical, allocative and cost efficiency. The usefulness of the proposed methodology is applied to smallholder maize production in Benue State Nigeria. The maize subsector has featured in a number of Nigeria’s policy initiatives, the most current of which involves doubling of its production and productivity through promotion of improved technologies such as hybrid seed, inorganic fertilizer, pesticides, herbicides, and better management practices. Despite the policy initiatives, maize productivity has remained low raising questions about the efficiency of resource use by farmers and the benefits of Nigeria’s technology policy. The study used data obtained from a field survey for the 2008/2009 agricultural year. A multistage stratified sampling technique was employed in selection of respondents. A total of 240 maize farm households were randomly selected and interviewed using structured questionnaires. Results from all the approaches indicated considerable technical, allocative and cost inefficiency under both traditional and improved maize technology. Technical efficiency estimates range from 80 to 87 percent. Allocative efficiency estimates range from 53 to 74 percent while cost efficiency estimates range from 45 to 62 percent. The results from all the approaches indicated that inefficiency in maize production in Benue State is dominated by cost inefficiency suggesting the immense potential of enhancing production through improvement in overall efficiency. The overall consistency check shows that technical, allocative and cost efficiency measures from the three distance functions were consistent whereas similar conclusions could not hold when these were compared to the production frontier especially for technical efficiency estimates. Given the consistency of results from the parametric and non-parametric distance functions, an integrated input distance model was developed for providing final efficiency estimates and analysis of policy impacts. The results show that both traditional and improved technology users were technically, allocatively and cost inefficient. The average technical, allocative and cost efficiency are 84.2, 65.7 and 54.5 percent, respectively implying that there is a possibility of raising maize production by 45.5 percent through overall efficiency improvement. Under the integrated approach, the study revealed that hybrid seeds, inorganic fertilizer and conservation practices have positive and significant impact on farm efficiency. Other determinants of efficiency include education, age, household size, land size, credit, and membership in a farmer group. The findings justify the need for further public investment in maize technology development and proper implementation of the relevant policies in order to enhance the efficiency with which maize has been produced thereby increasing its productivity, food security and farm incomes and subsequently reducing poverty in Nigeria.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development
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Κοντόλαιμου, Αλεξάνδρα. "Διερεύνηση της παραγωγικής αποτελεσματικότητας στο ευρωπαϊκό τραπεζικό σύστημα υπό καθεστώς πολλαπλής τεχνολογικής ετερογένειας : ο ρόλος της διάχυσης της γνώσης, της ικανότητας απορρόφησης και του στρατηγικού προσανατολισμού των τραπεζικών επιχειρήσεων". Thesis, 2010. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/4189.
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Στην παρούσα διατριβή αναπτύσσεται ένα ολοκληρωμένο μεθοδολογικό πλαίσιο για την ανάλυση της παραγωγικής αποτελεσματικότητας επιχειρήσεων που λειτουργούν σε περιβάλλον πολλαπλής τεχνολογικής ετερογένειας. Με βάση την έννοια των μετα-μεταορίων, ορίζονται μέτρα αποτελεσματικότητας και τεχνολογικών χασμάτων σε κάθε επίπεδο τεχνολογικής ετερογένειας, τα οποία, σε ένα δεύτερο στάδιο, «αποδομούνται» σε παράγοντες σταθερούς ως προς τις εισροές και παράγοντες σταθερούς ως προς τις εκροές.
Η προτεινόμενη μεθοδολογία χρησιμοποιείται για την διερεύνηση της παραγωγικής αποτελεσματικότητας των ευρωπαϊκών τραπεζικών επιχειρήσεων, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη πιθανή τεχνολογική ετερογένεια που οφείλεται στα ιδιαίτερα χαρακτηριστικά (i) των εθνικών τραπεζικών συστημάτων και (ii) των τραπεζικών τύπων ειδίκευσης. Οι επιδράσεις των εν λόγω πηγών τεχνολογικής ετερογένειας στην τραπεζική αποτελεσματικότητα εξετάζονται ξεχωριστά, σε ένα πλαίσιο ανάλυσης τεχνολογικής ετερογένειας ενός επιπέδου, και συνδυαστικά, σε ένα πλαίσιο ανάλυσης ιεραρχημένης τεχνολογικής ετερογένειας δύο επιπέδων. Τα αποτελέσματα της σχετικής εμπειρικής ανάλυσης ερμηνεύονται με βάση την «θεωρία της γνώσης», δίνοντας ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στον ρόλο της διάχυσης της γνώσης, της ικανότητας απορρόφησης και του στρατηγικού προσανατολισμού των ευρωπαϊκών τραπεζικών επιχειρήσεων.In the context of the present thesis, a methodological framework is developed for analysing the productive efficiency of firms that operate in a multilevel technologically heterogeneous environment. Based on the meta-metafrontier notion, efficiency and technology gaps measures are defined at each level of technology heterogeneity and are decomposed into input- and output-invariant components. The proposed methodology is used for the investigation of productive efficiency of European banking firms, taking into account potential technology heterogeneity due to the particular characteristics of (i) the national banking systems and (ii) the specialization types of banking firms. The effects of the aforementioned heterogeneity sources on bank efficiency are examined separately, in a single-level technology heterogeneity framework, and simultaneously, in a hierarchical technology heterogeneity framework of two levels. The results of the relevant empirical analysis are interpreted using the “knowledge-based theory”, emphasising on the role of knowledge spillovers, the banking firms’ absorptive capacity and strategic orientation.
Libros sobre el tema "Non-parametric efficiency model"
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Veiderpass, Ann. Swedish retail electricity distribution: A non-parametric approach to efficiency and productivity change. Göteborg: [Gothenburg School of Economics?], 1993.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Non-parametric efficiency model"
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Rashidghalam, Masoomeh. "Parametric and Non-parametric Models for Efficiency Measurement". En Measurement and Analysis of Performance of Industrial Crop Production: The Case of Iran’s Cotton and Sugar Beet Production, 41–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0092-9_4.
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Simar, Léopold. "Estimating Efficiencies from Frontier Models with Panel Data: A Comparison of Parametric, Non-Parametric and Semi-Parametric Methods with Bootstrapping". En International Applications of Productivity and Efficiency Analysis, 167–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1923-0_11.
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Kaiser, Bruna Cristina Siqueira, Renan Silva Santos, Rodrigo Goyannes Gusmão Caiado, Luiz Felipe Scavarda y Paulo Ivson Netto. "Efficiency Assessment of Public Transport Vehicles Using Machine Learning and Non-parametric Models". En Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics, 207–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14763-0_17.
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Nowozin, S., C. Rother, S. Bagon, T. Sharp, B. Yao y P. Kohli. "Decision Tree Fields: An Efficient Non-parametric Random Field Model for Image Labeling". En Decision Forests for Computer Vision and Medical Image Analysis, 295–309. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4929-3_20.
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Aydın Yenioğlu, Zühre y Vildan Ateş. "A Renewable Energy Assessment Method by Parametric and Non-Parametric Models' Data Analysis". En Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 31–58. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-2472-8.ch002.
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Consumption of renewable energy sources for countries shows a rising trend. Providing progress in the renewable energy field, countries try on related regulations and accurate investments according to renewable energy consumption and generation. European Union (EU15) countries play an essential role increasing renewable energy efficiency, which is share of Europe in total energy usage. In this chapter, deterministic and stochastic methods were used to examine whether the renewable energy efficiencies of EU15 countries and Turkey are sensitive to different data envelopment analysis and stochastic frontier analysis models using renewable energy consumption and generation parameters. The chapter presents how the renewable energy efficiency results of related countries change with different optimization models in the context of deterministic and stochastic framework, and it proposes a new method to find a common solution for the different results of different optimization models.
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"Mobile Robot Localization with Recursive Bayesian Filters". En Simultaneous Localization and Mapping for Mobile Robots, 203–52. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2104-6.ch007.
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In this last chapter of the second section, the authors present probabilistic solutions to mobile robot localization that bring together the recursive filters introduced in chapter 4 and all the components and models already discussed in the preceding chapters. It presents the general, Bayesian framework for a probabilistic solution to localization and mapping. The problem is formally described as a graphical model (in particular a dynamic Bayesian network), and the characteristics that can be exploited to approach it efficiently are elaborated. Among parametric Bayesian estimators, the family of the Kalman filters is introduced with examples and practical applications. Then, the more modern non-parametric filters, mainly particle filters, are explained. Due to the diversity of filters available for localization, comparative tables are included.
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Bandyopadhyay, Arindam. "Statistical Tools for Model Validation and Back Testing". En Basic Statistics for Risk Management in Banks and Financial Institutions, 233–54. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849014.003.0009.
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Model validation and calibration chapter demonstrate key statistical tests that are useful to measure predictive power of risk models. It mainly assesses the critical steps, data input quality, and discriminatory power of the models in predicting default or loss. Model validation has been a key task for risk-focused management for internal management of risk across various business lines. Reliable rating systems require efficient validation strategies. This chapter explains power curve-fitting techniques to assess discriminatory power of predictive models, method for checking model errors, and estimation of model accuracy in great detail. The separation power check through information value and KS test and their utility in scorecard development has been elaborated. Steps in Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test pertaining to logistic model and other non-parametric validation checks like Akaike information criteria, Bayesian information criterion, Kendal’s tau are described in this chapter. An independent and objective validation of the predictive power and efficacy of valuation and risk models through statistical tests is an integral part of a robust risk management system.
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Savić, Gordana y Milan Martić. "Composite Indicators Construction by Data Envelopment Analysis". En Advances in Data Mining and Database Management, 98–126. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0714-7.ch005.
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Composite indicators (CIs) are seen as an aggregation of a set of sub-indicators for measuring multi-dimensional concepts that cannot be captured by a single indicator (OECD, 2008). The indicators of development in different areas are also constructed by aggregating several sub-indicators. Consequently, the construction of CIs includes weighting and aggregation of individual performance indicators. These steps in CI construction are challenging issues as the final results are significantly affected by the method used in aggregation. The main question is whether and how to weigh individual performance indicators. Verifiable information regarding the true weights is typically unavailable. In practice, subjective expert opinions are usually used to derive weights, which can lead to disagreements (Hatefi & Torabi, 2010). The disagreement can appear when the experts from different areas are included in a poll since they can value criteria differently in accordance with their expertise. Therefore, a proper methodology of the derivation of weights and construction of composite indicators should be employed. From the operations research standpoint, the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) are proper methods for the construction of composite indicators (Zhou & Ang, 2009; Zhou, Ang, & Zhou, 2010). All methods combine the sub-indicators according to their weights, except that the MCDA methods usually require a priori determination of weights, while the DEA determines the weights a posteriori, as a result of model solving. This chapter addresses the DEA as a non-parametric technique, introduced by Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes (1978), for efficiency measurement of different non-profitable and profitable units. It is lately adopted as an appropriate method for the CI construction due to its several features (Shen, Ruan, Hermans, Brijs, Wets, & Vanhoof, 2011). Firstly, individual performance indicators are combined without a priori determination of weights, and secondly, each unit under observation is assessed taking into consideration the performance of all other units, which is known as the ‘benefit of the doubt' (BOD) approach (Cherchye, Moesen, Rogge, & van Puyenbroeck, 2007). The methodological and theoretical aspects and the flaws of the DEA application for the construction of CIs will be discussed in this chapter, starting with the issues related to the application procedure, followed by the issues of real data availability, introducing value judgments, qualitative data, and non-desirable performance indicators. The procedure of a DEA-based CI construction will be illustrated by the case of ranking of different regions of Serbia based on their socio-economic development.
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Vajjhala, Narasimha Rao y Philip Eappen. "Data Envelopment Analysis in Healthcare Management". En Advances in Business Information Systems and Analytics, 245–60. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-0255-2.ch011.
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This chapter explores the applications, contributions, limitations, and challenges of data envelopment analysis (DEA) in healthcare management. DEA, a non-parametric method used for evaluating the efficiency of decision-making units, has found extensive applications in healthcare sectors such as hospital management, nursing, and outpatient services. The review consolidates findings from a broad range of studies, highlighting DEA's significant contributions to efficiency measurement, benchmarking, resource allocation and optimization, and performance evaluation. However, despite DEA's robust applications, the chapter also identifies several limitations and challenges, including the selection of inputs and outputs, sensitivity to outliers, inability to handle statistical noise, lack of inherent uncertainty measures, homogeneity assumption, and the static nature of traditional DEA models. These challenges underscore the need for further research and methodological advancements in applying DEA in healthcare management.
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Aïıt-Sahalia, Yacine y Jean Jacod. "High-Frequency Observations: Identifiability and Asymptotic Efficiency". En High-Frequency Financial Econometrics. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691161433.003.0005.
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This chapter starts with a brief reminder about a number of concepts and results which pertain to classical statistical models, without specific reference to stochastic processes. It then introduces a general notion of identifiability for a parameter, in a semi-parametric setting. A parameter can be a number (or a vector), as in classical statistics; it can also be a random variable, such as the integrated volatility. The analysis is first conducted for Lévy processes, because in this case parameters are naturally non-random, and then extended to the more general situation of semimartingales. It also considers the problem of testing a hypothesis which is “random,” such as testing whether a discretely observed path is continuous or discontinuous: the null and alternative are not the usual disjoint subsets of a parameter space, but rather two disjoint subsets of the sample space, which leads to an ad hoc definition of the level, or asymptotic level, of a test in such a context. Finally, the chapter returns to the question of efficient estimation of a parameter, which is mainly analyzed from the viewpoint of “Fisher efficiency.”
Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Non-parametric efficiency model"
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Young, Peter. "Non-Parametric Model Structure Identification and Parametric Efficiency in Nonlinear State Dependent Parameter Models". En 2006 International Symposium on Evolving Fuzzy Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isefs.2006.251137.
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Fun-sang, Maricruz A. y Jean-David Caprace. "Improving Ship Fleet Performance Using a Non-Parametric Model". En SNAME 5th World Maritime Technology Conference. SNAME, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/wmtc-2015-182.
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The world merchant fleet has increased in the last decade producing an increase of fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). Thus, the concerns of ship-owners to implement alternatives to improve the fleet efficiency are growing. However, shipowners are facing barriers to implement energy efficiency technologies mainly due to reliability, financial and economic constraints as well as complexity of change. Actually several shipowners are using onboard data measurements systems that collect navigation and propulsion information of their ships. Therefore, after being sent via satellite and stored in data warehouse, these data are being made available to assess the performance of their fleets. This paper describes the use of these data to generate models in order to answer to the following questions: What is the ship with least efficiency in my fleet? What is the best strategy to improve the overall efficiency of my fleet? What is the ship that I should sell in priority? What is the influence of this maintenance policy on the performance of my fleet? The application case of this paper is based on one fleet of 13 ships containing 223 trips that gather approximately 6,844 traveling days. After the definition of the key performance indicators (KPIs), a data envelopment analysis (DEA) models is discussed. Then, a multicriterion decision analysis (MCDA) model is compared to the DEA outputs. The results suggest that this new methodology can efficiently provide a multicriteria decision framework to shipowners avoiding engineers’ subjectivity. These findings offer a new way to address efficiency and performance in ship management.
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Xiao, Xinyi y Byeong-Min Roh. "Automatic Parametric Modeling From Non-Feature Based Designs for Additive Manufacturing". En ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-71900.
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Abstract The integration of Topology optimization (TO) and Generative Design (GD) with additive manufacturing (AM) is becoming advent methods to lightweight parts while maintaining performance under the same loading conditions. However, these models from TO or GD are not in a form that they can be easily edited in a 3D CAD modeling system. These geometries are generally in a form with no surface/plane information, thus having non-editable features. Direct fabricate these non-feature-based designs and their inherent characteristics would lead to non-desired part qualities in terms of shape, GD&T, and mechanical properties. Current commercial software always requires a significant amount of manual work by experienced CAD users to generate a feature-based CAD model from non-feature-based designs for AM and performance simulation. This paper presents fully automated shaping algorithms for building parametric feature-based 3D models from non-feature-based designs for AM. Starting from automatically decomposing the given geometry into “formable” volumes, which is defined as a sweeping feature in the CAD modeling system, each decomposed volume will be described with 2D profiles and sweeping directions for modeling. The Boolean of modeled components will be the final parametric shape. The volumetric difference between the final parametric form and the original geometry is also provided to prove the effectiveness and efficiency of this automatic shaping methodology. Besides, the performance of the parametric models is being simulated to testify the functionality.
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JETMAR, Marek. "Application of the Non-parametric DEA method to Analyze the Efficiency of selected services provided by municipalities, example of public libraries". En Current Trends in Public Sector Research. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9646-2020-7.
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The paper deals with the possibility of applying the DEA method to measure the efficiency of local public services provided by municipalities and towns in the Czech Republic. It is testing and modeling data on the effectiveness of local libraries, which for 100 years had to provide basic education and disseminate education in municipalities. There are many models in the literature dealing with various problems of efficiency analysis. A particularly suitable and elegant model is the DEA model based on Chebyshev distance. This model can be formulated with both the assumption of constant range returns and the assumption of variable range returns. Similar to the classical DEA model, this method can be formulated as a set of optimization problems looking for weights for given inputs and outputs.
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Milli, Andrea y Shahrokh Shahpar. "Full-Parametric Design System to Improve the Stage Efficiency of a High-Fidelity HP Turbine Configuration". En ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-51348.
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This paper presents the application of an in-house automatic design system to the aerodynamic optimisation of one HP turbine stage. The main objectives of this study are: point out the importance of parametric geometry modelling and meshing for automatic design optimisation; move a step forward towards the exploitation of novel numerical tools to improve modern turbine performance with high-fidelity geometry configurations. In the present work, the system has been applied to the non-axisymmetric hub endwall optimisation of a research Rolls-Royce design HPT stage. The following main issues have been taken into account: high-fidelity CFD by means of multirow 3D simulations; parametric modelling and rapid meshing of real geometry features; modelling of film cooling flows. It is demonstrated that the integration of parametric models of secondary geometrical features within the mesh generator is a key issue in order to develop an effective and fully automated design procedure. It is shown that some of the benefits achieved optimising a simplified model of the stage are lost when applying the high-fidelity geometry configuration. A significant reduction of secondary flows and a corresponding increase of stage efficiency are achieved when taking into account the main real geometry features directly into the optimisation, even if at the cost of higher computational requirements.
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Brennan, G., N. W. Harvey, M. G. Rose, N. Fomison y M. D. Taylor. "Improving the Efficiency of the Trent 500 HP Turbine Using Non-Axisymmetric End Walls: Part 1 — Turbine Design". En ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0444.
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This paper describes the redesign of the HP turbine of the Rolls-Royce Trent 500 engine, making use of non-axisymmetric end walls. The original, datum turbine used conventional axisymmetric end walls, while the vane and (shrouded) rotor aerofoil profiles were nominally the same for the two designs. Previous research on the large scale, low speed linear cascade at Durham University, see Hartland et al [1], had already demonstrated significant potential for reducing turbine secondary losses using non-axisymmetric end walls - by about one third. This paper shows how a methodology was derived from the results of this research and applied to the design of the single stage Trent 500 HP turbine (model rig). In particular the application of a new linear design system for the parametric definition of these end wall shapes, described in Harvey et al [2], is discussed in detail.
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Torres Cedillo, Sergio G., Ghaith Ghanim Al-Ghazal, Philip Bonello, Jacinto Cortés Pérez y Alberto Reyes Solís. "Computational Study of the Non-Parametric Squeeze Film Damper Bearing Inverse Model Based on Artificial Neural Networks Applied to a Rotor-Casing System Running on Unsupported SFDs". En ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-90390.
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Abstract Squeeze Film Damper (SFD) bearings play a vital role in attenuating large amplitudes of vibration due to their relatively simple assembly in aero engine designs. The modern aero-engine structures, typically, have at least two nested rotors mounted within a flexible casing via squeeze-film damper (SFD) bearings. There is a growing body of research into identification techniques for bearing models for use in rotor-bearing analysis to improve reliability and/or efficiency of implementation. The authors’ previous work has shown that, for cases where there is no adequate linear connection between the rotor and casing, the identification of the unbalance from externally mounted sensors requires a virtual instrument that can determine the vibration of the rotor relative to the casing, as a substitute for internal instrumentation. The present study is devoted to determining the effectiveness of the inverse SFD model (under different unbalance state conditions), when it is applied to a rotor-casing system, wherein the rotor runs on two unsprung SFD bearings. The validation of the inverse SFD model enables its use in a future study of the identification of unbalance in such complex systems.
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Das, Ariyam, Jin Wang, Sahil M. Gandhi, Jae Lee, Wei Wang y Carlo Zaniolo. "Learn Smart with Less: Building Better Online Decision Trees with Fewer Training Examples". En Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/306.
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Online decision tree models are extensively used in many industrial machine learning applications for real-time classification tasks. These models are highly accurate, scalable and easy to use in practice. The Very Fast Decision Tree (VFDT) is the classic online decision tree induction model that has been widely adopted due to its theoretical guarantees as well as competitive performance. However, VFDT and its variants solely rely on conservative statistical measures like Hoeffding bound to incrementally grow the tree. This makes these models extremely circumspect and limits their ability to learn fast. In this paper, we efficiently employ statistical resampling techniques to build an online tree faster using fewer examples. We first theoretically show that a naive implementation of resampling techniques like non-parametric bootstrap does not scale due to large memory and computational overheads. We mitigate this by proposing a robust memory-efficient bootstrap simulation heuristic (Mem-ES) that successfully expedites the learning process. Experimental results on both synthetic data and large-scale real world datasets demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed technique.
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Fang, Xingjie, Liping Wang, Don Beeson y Gene Wiggs. "A Practical Robust and Efficient RBF Metamodel Method for Typical Engineering Problems". En ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49994.
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Radial Basis Function (RBF) metamodels have recently attracted increased interest due to their significant advantages over other types of non-parametric metamodels. However, because of the interpolation nature of the RBF mathematics, the accuracy of the model may dramatically deteriorate if the training data set used contains duplicate information, noise or outliers. Also constructing the metamodel may be time consuming whenever the training data sets are large or a high dimensional model is required. In this paper, we propose a robust and efficient RBF metamodeling approach based on data pre-processing techniques that alleviate the accuracy and efficiency issues commonly encountered when RBF models are used in typical real engineering situations. These techniques include 1) the removal of duplicate training data information, 2) the generation of smaller uniformly distributed subsets of training data from large data sets and 3) the quantification and identification of outliers by principal component analysis (PCA) and Hotelling statistics. Simulation results are used to validate the generalization accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach.
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Chen, Yong y Wei Dong. "Parametric Studies of Nonlinear Damping Behavior of APS Thermal Barrier Coatings Based on Cohesive Interface Model". En ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-69343.
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Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) could reduce the temperature of the turbine blades and allow them working at higher temperatures, which leads to higher durability and reliability of turbine blades, and improves engine performance and fuel efficiency. Recent researches shown that thermal barrier coatings have very good damping properties, which means it could also improve the high cycle fatigue (HCF) life of the turbine blades. Previous studies found that damping of air plasma spray (APS) thermal barrier coatings exhibit non-linearities (amplitude-dependent) due to its microstructures, which consists of several layers of splats with inter- and intra-microstructural micro-cracks. The main purpose of this paper is on the application of a bilinear cohesive interface model to simulate the microstructural features, the damage process and the contact friction between the interfaces of microstructural faults in APS ceramic topcoat. A representative volume element (RVE) model which coupled with the cohesive interface model is built and parametric relations, in terms of interface strength and stiffness, vibration amplitude and vibration cycles, are computed in this paper for understanding the effect of interfacial degradation, de-bonding, sliding, and contact friction between the interfaces of microstructural faults on the nonlinear damping properties. The calculation results could provide a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the observed nonlinear energy dissipation and damping properties in APS ceramic coatings.
Informes sobre el tema "Non-parametric efficiency model"
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Herrera Dappe, Matías, Tomás Serebrisky y Ancor Suárez-Alemán. On the Historical Relationship between Port (In)Efficiency and Transport Costs in the Developing World. Inter-American Development Bank, junio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003326.
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Do differences in port performance explain differences in maritime transport costs? How much would improvements in port performance reduce maritime transport costs in developing countries? To answer this question, we use a widely used transport cost model, but we provide a new measure of port efficiency, estimated through a non-parametric approach. Relying on data from the early 2000s, this paper shows that for a sample of 115 container ports in 39 developing countries, becoming as efficient as the country with the most efficient port sector would reduce average maritime transport costs by 5 percent. For the most inefficient country, the reduction in transport costs could reach 15 percent. These findings point out the potential gains that can be achieved from the combination of betterquality investment and more efficient service provision in the port sector. The estimates in this paper cannot be updated because the databases were discontinued and it therefore highlights the need to generate data to evaluate the effectiveness of public policies that are key to competitiveness.
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Zanoni, Wladimir y Ailin He. Citizenship and the Economic Assimilation of Canadian Immigrants. Inter-American Development Bank, marzo de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003117.
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In this paper, we examine whether acquiring citizenship improves the economic assimilation of Canadian migrants. We took advantage of a natural experiment made possible through changes in the Canadian Citizenship Act of 2014, which extended the physical presence requirement for citizenship from three to four years. Using quasi-experimental methods, we found that delaying citizenship eligibility by one year adversely affected Canadian residents' wages. Access to better jobs explains a citizenship premium of 11 percent in higher wages among naturalized migrants. Our estimates are robust to model specifications, differing sampling windows to form the treatment and comparison groups, and whether the estimator is a non-parametric rather than a parametric one. We discuss how our findings are relevant to the optimal design of naturalization policies regarding efficiency and equity.
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Petrova, Katerina. On the Validity of Classical and Bayesian DSGE-Based Inference. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, enero de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59576/sr.1084.
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This paper studies large sample classical and Bayesian inference in a prototypical linear DSGE model and demonstrates that inference on the structural parameters based on a Gaussian likelihood is unaffected by departures from Gaussianity of the structural shocks. This surprising result is due to a cancellation in the asymptotic variance resulting into a generalized information equality for the block corresponding to the structural parameters. The underlying reason for the cancellation is the certainty equivalence property of the linear rational expectation model. The main implication of this result is that classical and Bayesian Gaussian inference achieve a semi-parametric efficiency bound and there is no need for a “sandwich-form” correction of the asymptotic variance of the structural parameters. Consequently, MLE-based confidence intervals and Bayesian credible sets of the deep parameters based on a Gaussian likelihood have correct asymptotic coverage even when the structural shocks are non-Gaussian. On the other hand, inference on the reduced-form parameters characterizing the volatility of the shocks is invalid whenever the structural shocks have a non-Gaussian density and the paper proposes a simple Metropolis-within-Gibbs algorithm that achieves correct large sample inference for the volatility parameters.