Tesis sobre el tema "Nitrure de titane (TiN)"
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Descotes, Vincent. "Précipitation des inclusions de nitrure de titane (TiN) dans un acier maraging au cours de sa refusion à l'arc électrique sous vide (VAR)". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0262/document.
Texto completoThe titanium contained in maraging steels combines itself with residual Nitrogen to form Titanium nitride precipitates (TiN), which are detrimental to fatigue properties. Understanding their formation may give some ways to reduce their sizes. A Sieverts apparatus was used to study denitriding reactions and precipitation reactions from a thermodynamic and kinetic point of view. According to these experiments, to thermodynamical data from literature, and to the Nitrogen content in the steel, the TiN inclusions are supposed to form during the solidification of the steel thanks to interdendritic segregation. A certain number of the TiN inclusions are found under SEM observations to be located next to another oxide or sulfur particle. A TEM observation reveals the existence of an orientation relationship between a nitride, a sulfur CaS and a spinel MgAl2O4. It suggests an epitaxial growth of the TiN on these two germs. This study was completed with ab initio calculations of surface energies and adsorption energies. This work supports the hypothesis of a heterogeneous nucleation of the Titanium nitrides on preexisting, stable particles in the liquid steel. A numerical model of the precipitation coupled to the interdendritic segregation of solutes is developed and introduced in the SOLAR software modelling the VAR ingot solidification. It evaluates the determinant influence of the initial Nitrogen mass fraction, germ number density and local solidification time on the TiN sizes
Motte, Pascale. "Optimisation du procédé de dépôt CVD du cuivre et intégration de la métallisation cuivre en technologie d'interconnexion 0. 18 µm". Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0025.
Texto completoThis manuscript reports on Cu-CVD metallisation with TiN-CVD barrier and its integration in dual Damascene interconnects for 0. 18 µm technology and below. Copper integration implies the control of several parameters as metal deposition in patterned features with high aspect ratio, including the preliminary deposit of a barrier to avoid copper diffusion. After a short introduction on the growing importance of interconnects on the performance of interconnects on the performance of advanced integrated devices, the choice and the optimization of Chemical Vapour Deposition processes for both TiN diffusion barrier and Cu are addressed. Process performance are evaluated on interconnect structures and compared to other deposition processes. Interaction of other processes involved during integration with copper metallization is then studied and the metal and dielectric processes optimized in realistic conditions. Contamination effects on thin films deposited materials properties and their interface are shown to be critical for interconnect performance. Finally, the possibility to use Cu-CVD/TiN-CVD metallization with SiO2 dielectric material as insulator is demonstrated. Industrials generally begin copper integration in 0. 18 µm technology with Cu-ECD/Cu-IMP/Cu-TaN-IMP metallization; changes involved by this metallization choice are investigated in the last chapter and advantages of Cu-CVD/TiN-CVD metallization for more advanced technologies are evidenced
Cemin, Felipe. "Élaboration de couches minces par HiPIMS : propriétés structurales et aspects énergétiques". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS417/document.
Texto completoHigh power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) is a thin film deposition technique where the deposition flux is predominantly composed of ionized sputtered material. This enables control of energy and direction of the film-forming species and is thereby beneficial for tailoring the film structure and final properties. Although researchers world-wide have spent significant time and efforts characterizing and understanding the plasma process conditions in HiPIMS, research in new and improved HiPIMS-based thin film materials that find applications in areas of importance for society is still required. The goal of this work has been to identify and optimize the deposition parameters that allow tailoring the film microstructure, intrinsic stress and energy-related properties, such as electrical resistivity and optical band gap, to ultimately achieve superior HiPIMS coatings compared to what is achieved today using conventional deposition techniques. Three material systems constitute the core of the work: copper, titanium dioxide, and titanium nitride. From the work carried out it is concluded that the most important parameters affecting the film structure and properties are the amount as well as the kinetic energy of the ionized sputtered species irradiating the film during growth. These parameters differ substantially for optimum growth conditions of metallic and compound films
Gîrleanu, Maria. "Etude de la structure de films minces de nitrure de titane et d'aluminium Ti1-xAlxN (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) et de son rôle sur l'indentation". Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604272.
Texto completoNormant, Antoine. "Durabilité d’interfaces tribologiques lubrifiées par des couches minces sous ultravide". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ECDL0016.
Texto completoThe use of thin films for the tribological functionalization of surfaces is widespread in industry. The aim is to control wear or friction, depending on whether the coatings are hard or solid lubricants. In the context of dry contacts under vacuum, where adhesive phenomena predominate, mater transfers between surfaces occur. This leads to the formation of an interface that determines the tribological behavior of the contact. Following an analysis of the degradations of a thin layer of TiN in contact with steel in a real mechanism, an appropriate experimental modelling was set up to reproduce those degradations on model surfaces in an environment control tribometer. The sphere/plane geometry of the contact, with the coating deposited on the ball, induces a continuous exposure of the coating to friction, thus accelerating the appearance of degradation. This modelling uses a unique tribometer, enabling tribological experiments to be carried out in all directions of the plane and the measurement of displacement resisting forces in all directions of space, thanks to its 6-axis force sensor. This experimental study highlighted the formation and rupture processes of adhesive junctions in contacts involving commercial thin films of various natures, whether hard (TiN) or with solid lubrication capabilities (MoS2 and hydrogenated amorphous carbon a-C:H). The tribological behavior of the lubricating coatings is compared with that of the hard TiN coating. An analysis of the transfer phenomena in these contacts highlights the distinction between the durability of the coating (tearing for hard coatings and wear for soft ones) and the durability of the contact (characterized by the appearance of macroscopic seizure). The durability of the contact is intrinsically linked to the evolution of the interfacial material formed during the transfer of matter between surfaces, resulting from adhesive phenomena. This study highlights the diversity and complexity of surface modifications induced by friction. An original approach, based on the crossing of friction tracks, converts the tribometer into an analytical tool. It allows to dissociate the respective roles of the various surface modifications on the tribological behavior of the contact. This approach has been applied to the specific case of friction between steel and a thin layer of amorphous hydrogenated carbon
RICHARD, EMMANUEL. "Etude du dépôt MOCVD de TiN et de son intégration comme matériau barrière pour la métallisation du cuivre". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10081.
Texto completoCarole, Davy. "Synthèse de nitrure de titane par combustion autopropagée". Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20141.
Texto completoAnglezio-Abautret, Florence. "Diffusion de l'azote dans le nitrure de titane". Paris 11, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA112303.
Texto completoVergnaud, Luc. "Réalisation de couches minces de nitrure de titane par dépôt ionique avec évaporation laser du titane". Limoges, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIMO0031.
Texto completoLEQUEUX, SYLVIE. "Corrosion du nitrure de titane par des metaux et alliages liquides". Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0216.
Texto completoAkbari, Alireza. "Nanocomposite TIN-NI PVD coatings : synthesis, structural and mechanical properties". Université de Poitiers. UFR des sciences fondamentales et appliquées, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2362.
Texto completoNanocomposite TiN-Ni coatings were deposited using reactive dual ion beam sputtering (RDIBS) and reactive unbalanced magnetron sputtering (RUBMS). Structural properties and residual stresses have been investigated mainly using X-ray diffraction. Mechanical properties including hardness, toughness adhesion and wear resistance were evaluated using nanoindentation, scratch test, high load indentation and ball on disc tests coupled with 3D profilometry. In RDIBS coatings, the only crystalline phase is TiN with grain size smaller than 10 nm embedded in a 2 monolayers thick Ni tissue at 22 at. % Ni. In RUBMS coatings, Ni containing TiN metastable phase is embedded in a Ti2Ni amorphous layer. Most of structural and mechanical properties are governed by the Ni content. Whatever the deposition technique, a texture is observed which evolves towards the (200) texture with increasing the Ni content. At high substrate temperatures (200-400°C), the residual stress decreases for RDIBS coatings when adding Ni while it increases for the RUBMS coatings. This later increase is related to Ni incorporation in the TiN lattice. Both coatings exhibit a hardness enhancement. For the RDIBS coatings, superhardness (~45 GPa) is observed, which corresponds to TiN crystallite size of ~8 nm and Ni coverage of about one monolayer. The addition of Ni improves coating toughness. Compare to the TiN films, an enhancement in wear resistance up to 20 times was observed for the coatings with improved toughness. On the contrary, the superhard coatings exhibited identical or even worse wear resistance than TiN
Giroux, François. "Développement d'une méthode de test d'electromigration au niveau plaquette : Application a des filières ULSI". Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0149.
Texto completoLaurent, François. "Précurseurs organométalliques de nitrure et de carbure de titane et de vanadium". Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30226.
Texto completoBENAHMED-ALI, NACERA. "Comportement du chrome, du titane et du titane nitrure vis-a-vis du chlore gazeux sec a haute temperature". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066642.
Texto completoCollin, Monique. "Élaboration et caractérisation de revêtements de nitrure et carbure de titane par laser continu sur l'alliage de titane TA6V". Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112384.
Texto completoCollin, Monique. "Elaboration et caractérisation de revêtements de nitrure et carbure de titane par laser continu sur l'alliage de titane TA6V". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612948j.
Texto completoBerraho, Raho. "Etude et realisation de depots de nitrure de titane a l'interieur de tubes". Limoges, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIMO0036.
Texto completoBerraho, Raho. "Etude et réalisation de dépôts de nitrure de titane à l'intérieur de tubes". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37617750r.
Texto completoBen, Daia Mouloud. "Propriétés mécaniques et tribologiques des multicouches nanométriques de type métal/céramique : cas des multicouches titane/nitrure de titane et aluminium/alumine". Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EVRY0023.
Texto completoNsongo, Timothée. "Etude de la structure et de l'adhésion des couches minces de titane et de nitrure de titane préparées par pulvérisation cathodique réactive". Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX30051.
Texto completoNsongo, Timothée. "Etude de la structure et de l'adhésion des couches minces de titane et de nitrure de titane préparées par pulvérisation cathodique réactive". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376084441.
Texto completoSlifirski, Joel͏̈. "Carbure, nitrure et carbonitrure de titane élaborés à partir d'un précurseur organométallique : le dichloro titanocène". Perpignan, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PERP0173.
Texto completoGayet, Christophe. "Céramiques du système Titane-Carbone-Azote : Propriétés des phases TiN, TiCxNy et TiC". Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO0013.
Texto completoBes, René. "Comportement thermique du xénon dans le nitrure de titane fritté matrice inerte d'intérêt des RNR-G". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00543163.
Texto completoBes, René. "Comportement thermique du xénon dans le nitrure de titane fritté matrice inerte d’intérêt des RNR-G". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10227/document.
Texto completoThis work concerns the generation IV future nuclear reactors such as gas-cooled fast reactor (GFR) for which refractory materials as titanium nitride (TiN) are needed to surround fuel and act as a fission product diffusion barrier. This study is about Xe thermal behavior in sintered titanium nitride. Microstructure effects on Xe behavior have been studied. In this purpose, several syntheses have been performed using differents sintering temperatures and initial powder compositions. Xenon species have been introduced into samples by ionic implantation. Then, samples were annealed in temperature range from 1300°C to 1600°C, these temperatures being the accidental awaited temperature. A transport of xenon towards sample surface has been observed. Transport rate seems to be slow down when increasing sintering temperature. The composition of initial powder and the crystallographic orientation of each considered grain also influence xenon thermal behavior. Xenon release has been correlated with material oxidation during annealing. Xenon bubbles were observed. Their size is proportional with xenon concentration and increases with annealing temperature. Several mechanisms which could explain Xe intragranular mobility in TiN are proposed. In addition with experiments, very low Xe solubility in TiN has been confirmed by ab initio calculations. So, bivacancies were found to be the most favoured Xe incorporation sites in this material
Medjahed, Absatah. "Etude électrochimique de films de nitrure de titane obtenus par pulvérisation cathodique réactive : utilisation comme revêtement protecteur". Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX11330.
Texto completoPichavant, Alexandre. "Coprécipitation d'oxydes mixtes de titane et d'étain en solution aqueuse". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0075/document.
Texto completoThe synthesis of mixed oxide particles in aqueous solution is often difficult to control because of the potentially different reactivity of coprecipitating species. The aim of the thesis is to try to understand and control the synthesis in the case of mixed titanium oxide particles and tin system, chosen because of the existence of a solid solution over the entire range composition and the possibility of using a simpler homogeneous precipitation to model the reactant mixture. The syntheses are carried out by thermal hydrolysis of acidic solutions with microwave heating, providing particles directly crystallized with reduced reaction times. The results of the synthesis, namely the yield and composition of the solid, are modeled by a calculation of the supersaturation requiring knowledge of the speciation of the prepared solutions. This is calculated by determining the temperature of thermal hydrolysis in solution equilibrium constants from bibliographic data and low-temperature solubility measurements on the one hand and on the other hand, modeling of the temperature dependence of the thermodynamic. Finally, Anatase-Rutile nanocomposites were obtained by coprecipitation of titanium with small amounts of tin and the photocatalytic properties of these nanoparticles were tested
Gilles, Sandra. "Elaboration de couches minces de (Ti,Al)N par OMCVD : étude thermodynamique et expérimentale". Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0155.
Texto completoPichavant, Alexandre. "Coprécipitation d'oxydes mixtes de titane et d'étain en solution aqueuse". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0075.
Texto completoThe synthesis of mixed oxide particles in aqueous solution is often difficult to control because of the potentially different reactivity of coprecipitating species. The aim of the thesis is to try to understand and control the synthesis in the case of mixed titanium oxide particles and tin system, chosen because of the existence of a solid solution over the entire range composition and the possibility of using a simpler homogeneous precipitation to model the reactant mixture. The syntheses are carried out by thermal hydrolysis of acidic solutions with microwave heating, providing particles directly crystallized with reduced reaction times. The results of the synthesis, namely the yield and composition of the solid, are modeled by a calculation of the supersaturation requiring knowledge of the speciation of the prepared solutions. This is calculated by determining the temperature of thermal hydrolysis in solution equilibrium constants from bibliographic data and low-temperature solubility measurements on the one hand and on the other hand, modeling of the temperature dependence of the thermodynamic. Finally, Anatase-Rutile nanocomposites were obtained by coprecipitation of titanium with small amounts of tin and the photocatalytic properties of these nanoparticles were tested
Combadière, Laurette. "Contribution à l'étude fondamentale de la pulvérisation cathodique magnétron réactive : application à la réalisation de couches minces de nitrure de titane". Limoges, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIMO0170.
Texto completoMoreau, Benoît. "Contribution à l'étude des textures dans les couches minces : caractérisation de barrières de diffusion de nitrure de titane". Metz, 1993. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1993/Moreau.BenoitSMZ9313.pdf.
Texto completoThe first part of the study is concerned with the ability of the reduced incidence X-ray diffraction technique to measure pole figures for thin films. In order to improve the statistical noise and the ratio diffracted intensity/background, the volume of irradiated material is increased by measuring poles figures with an asymetric beam path. However, the drawback is that the pole figures become incomplete in the center. To define the orientation distribution fonction, an optimum compromise has to be found between the increase in data quality and the decrease in number of available measurements related to the size of missing zone. The question is investigated on a sqet of titanium nitride layers with thicknesses ranging from 20 to 600 nanometers, sputter-deposited on monocrystalline silicon substrates. Modelling is also carried out, defining a tool which allows to find the optimal measurement conditions for a given material (thickness and texture). Titanuium nitride is used in the microelectronic industry as diffusion barriers between aluminium and silicon in the following layer configuration : Si/Ti (20nm)/TiN(100nm)/Al. In the second part of the study, TiN microstructural features (textures, grain sizes, residual stresses. . . ) are correlated to deposition parameters (substrate temperature, gaz composition), and physical properties (resistivity, diffusion). The main texture component of TiN is a 111 fiber normal to the layer surface for all specimen investigated. The study points out the specificity of some diffusion barriers to grow with a secondary 311 fiber texture. It generates from the epitaxial relationship with the10. 1 planes of the titanium underlayer. This texture feature, linked to the diffusion behaviour of the layer system, leads to an original consideration of the anisotropic nature of the diffusion coefficient
MOREAU, BENOIT Wagner Francis. "CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE DES TEXTURES DANS LES COUCHES MINCES. CARACTERISATION DE BARRIERES DE DIFFUSION DE NITRURE DE TITANE /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1993. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1993/Moreau.BenoitSMZ9313.pdf.
Texto completoDARI-BAKO, IDRISSA. "Structure et proprietes de films minces de nitrure de titane comme barrieres anti-diffusion sur des substrats de silicium". Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT2043.
Texto completoCarbonell, Cortés Carla. "Customizing a low temperature system for microwave transmission measurements. Quantum transport in thin TiN films and nanostructures". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/83635.
Texto completoEl treball que es presenta en aquesta tesi consta de dues parts ben diferenciades. La primera pretén el desenvolupament d’un equip experimental concebut per a l’estudi de propietats magnètiques i elèctriques en materials diversos i, en especial, el treball amb radiació de microones en condicions de reflexió i transmissió. La segona s’ha centrat en les mesures de transport d’una capa fina superconductora de nitrur de titani (TiN) de 5 nm de gruix en un criòstat de dilució.
Rahil, Issam. "Elaboration et caractérisation de revêtements à base de nitrure de chrome, carbonitrure et carbure de titane élaborés par pulvérisation magnétron". Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00967251.
Texto completoDrouin-Ladouce, Béatrice. "Etude des depots chimiques a partir de la phase gazeuse de carbure et de nitrure de titane a temperature moderee". Orléans, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ORLE2027.
Texto completoMontes, de Oca Valero Arturo Javier. "Elaboration du carbure et du nitrure de titane par ds procédés chimiques et physiques en phase vapeur : caractérisation de la microstructure". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007441.
Texto completoMontes, De Oca-Valero Javier-Arturo. "Élaboration du carbure et du nitrure de titane par des procédés chimiques et physiques en phase vapeur : caractérisation de la microstructure". Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12582.
Texto completoKlein, Robert. "Propriétés de composites céramiques particulaires électroconducteurs, élaborés par compression isostatique à chaud". Limoges, 2004. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/87d1df87-738c-4644-865a-5aa25c91abfd/blobholder:0/2004LIMO0009.pdf.
Texto completoThe aim of this work was the elaboration and the characterization of electroconductive silicon nitride based ceramic composites Si3N4-TiN, Si3N4-TiB2 and Si3N4-HfB2, elaborated by Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIPing). A small amount of sintering aids (Y2O3, Al2O3) led to good densification and their high electrical conductivity authorized electrodischarge machining (EDM). The characterization of the materials was done by XRD, SEM and TEM analysis. Their mechanical properties (microhardness, fracture toughness, flexural strength at low and high temperatures) and the elastic moduli were analyzed. The oxidation resistance, studied under dynamic conditions in pure oxygen, between 900 and 1400ʿC, showed the better behavior of the Si3N4-HfB2 material. A multi-layered material was elaborated after the study of the wettability and reactivity with an Ag-Cu-Ti braze
Baynast, Hélène de. "Elaboration de couches de nitrure de titane par dépôt chimique à partir de la phase gazeuse : étude de la croissance et caractérisation". Paris, ENSAM, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENAM0034.
Texto completoFenard, Emmanuelle. "Céramiques composites du système Ti/B/N : Propriétés mécaniques et résistance à la corrosion". Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO0029.
Texto completoBelfarhi, Brahim. "Propriétés thermomécaniques des films minces utilises pour interconnecter les circuits intégrés : construction d'un appareil de mesure approprie, application à la caractérisation du nitrure de titane et à l’étude de la siliciuration du cobalt". Lyon, INSA, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ISAL0105.
Texto completoThe fundamental mechanism knowledge of the thermo-mechanical behaviour of the interconnection metallic and dielectric thin films is needed to improve the integrated circuit fiability. The experimental anal sis of such a behaviour becomes possible if the stress developed in the film during a thermal treatment, defined by the phenomena to be studied, may be measured. When we start this study, we have to built a relevant equipment because none was available on the market. The different parts of our equipment are : a) a vacuum chamber in which the ten inch wafer is set, b) a twenty five kW rapid thermal annealing system made of twelve halogen lamps, c) an optical device able to rapidly measure, every twenty fifth second if necessary and precisely the wafer profile and curvature radius, d) at last a PC AT which drives the optical device and precisely control the wafer temperature according to a predefine set point law. The obtained results are then analysed using an other program. Our equipment allows us to show that : a) titanium nitride deposited on silicon by reaction of ammonia with titanium tetrachloride behaves as an elastic material, b) the orthorhombic silicide, resulting from the thermal interaction between silicon land cobalt, is stress free
TURMEL, JEAN-MICHEL. "Etude de reactions d'oxydo-reduction dans des verres oxyazotes. Application a la reduction d'oxydes metalliques et a l'obtention de composites particulaires verre-nitrure de titane". Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN10018.
Texto completoThomann, Anne-Lise. "Etude du procede de synthese de compose en surface de cibles solides par plasma induit par laser : application a la synthese de nitrure de titane". Orléans, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ORLE2029.
Texto completoIqbal, Abid. "The Sputtering and Characterization of C-Axis Oriented Aluminium Nitride Thin Films On Top Of Cubic Silicon Carbide-On-Silicon Substrates for Piezoelectric Applications". Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365840.
Texto completoThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Engineering
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
Imhoff, Luc. "Elaboration et caracterisation de couches minces de nitrure de titane obtenues par depot chimique en phase vapeur a pression reduite et chauffage rapide, etudes thermodynamique et cinetique". Paris, ENSAM, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENAM0027.
Texto completoCalamba, Katherine. "Phase stability and defect structures in (Ti1-x,Alx)Ny hard coatings". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0322.
Texto completoThis study highlights the role of nitrogen vacancies and defect structures in engineering hard coatings with enhanced phase stability and mechanical properties for high temperature applications. Titanium aluminum nitride (Ti,Al)N based materials in the form of thin coatings has remained as an outstanding choice for protection of metal cutting tools due to its superior oxidation resistance and high-temperature wear resistance. High-temperature spinodal decomposition of metastable (Ti,Al)N into coherent c-TiN and c-AlN nm-sized domains results in high hardness at elevated temperatures. Even higher thermal input leads to transformation of c-AlN to w-AlN, which is detrimental to the mechanical properties of the coating. One mean to delay this transformation is to introduce nitrogen vacancies. In this thesis, I show that by combining a reduction of the overall N-content of the c-(Ti,Al)Ny (y < 1) coating with a low substrate bias voltage during cathodic arc deposition an even more pronounced delay of the c-AlN to w-AlN phase transformation is achieved. Under such condition, age hardening is retained until 1100 °C, which is the highest temperature reported for (Ti,Al)N films. During cutting operations, the wear mechanism of the cathodic-arc-deposited c-(Ti0.52Al0.48)Ny with N-contents of y = 0.92, 0.87, and 0.75 films are influenced by the interplay of nitrogen vacancies, microstructure, and chemical reactions with the workpiece material. The y = 0.75 coating contains the highest number of macroparticles and has an inhomogeneous microstructure after machining, which lower its flank and crater wear resistance. Age hardening of the y = 0.92 sample causes its superior flank wear resistance while the dense structure of the y = 0.87 sample prevents chemical wear that results in excellent crater wear resistance. Heteroepitaxial c-(Ti1-x,Alx)Ny (y = 0.92, 0.79, and0.67) films were grown on MgO(001) and (111) substrates using magnetron putter deposition to examine the details of their defect structures during spinodal decomposition. At 900 °C, the films decompose to form coherent c-AlN- and c-TiN- rich domains with elongated shape along the elastically soft <001> direction. Deformation maps show that most strains occur near the interface of the segregated domains and inside the c-TiN domains. Dislocations favorably aggregate in c-TiN rather than c-AlN because the later has stronger directionality of covalent chemical bonds. At elevated temperature, the domain size of (001) and (111)- oriented c-(Ti,Al)Ny films increases with the nitrogen content. This indicates that there is a delay in coarsening due to the presence of more N vacancies in the film. The structural and functional properties (Ti1-x,Alx)Ny are also influenced by its Al content (x). TiN and (Ti1-x,Alx)Ny (y = 1, x = 0.63 and x = 0.77) thin films were grown on MgO(111) substrates using magnetron sputtering technique. Both TiN and Ti0.27Al0.63N films are single crystals with cubic structure. (Ti0.23,Al0.77)N film has epitaxial cubic structure only in the first few atomic layers then it transitions to an epitaxial wurtzite layer, with an orientation relationship of c-(Ti0.23,Al0.77)N(111)[1-10]ǀǀw-(Ti0.23,Al0.77)N(0001)[11-20]. The w-(Ti0.23,Al0.77)N shows phase separation of coherent nm-sized domains with varying chemical composition during growth. After annealing at high temperature, the domains in w-(Ti0.23,Al0.77)N have coarsened. The domains in w-(Ti0.23,Al0.77)N are smaller compared to the domains in c-(Ti0.27,Al0.63)N film that has undergone spinodal decomposition. The results that emerged from this thesis are of great importance in the cutting tool industry and also in the microelectronics industry, because the layers examined have properties that are well suited for diffusion barriers
Derniaux, Eric. "Etude de structures NiCoCrAlY / Al2O3 / TiOx / Pt / AlN déposées par pulvérisation cathodique sur superalliage base Ni pour capteurs de pression haute température". Phd thesis, Caen, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00444578.
Texto completoNasr, Maryline. "Elaboration of oxides membranes by electrospinning for photocatalytic applications". Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT210/document.
Texto completoNowadays, industrial toxic chemicals are still not properly treated and these contaminants may directly impact the safety of drinking water. Photocatalysis “a green technology” is an effective and economical approach and plays an important role in solar energy conversion and degradation of organic pollutants. This thesis manuscript reports on developing advanced materials (based on TiO2 and ZnO) being capable of exploiting renewable solar energy for solving the environmental pollution problems. A part of this work was dedicated to improve the UV and visible light TiO2 photoresponse. Therefore, rGO/TiO2, BN/TiO2 and BN-Ag/TiO2 composties nanofibers were successfully elaborated using the electrospinning technique. The second part focused on ZnO. Novel structures of ZnO/ZnAl2O4 multi co-centric nanotubes and Al2O3 doped ZnO nanotubes were designed by combining the two techniques of atomic layer deposition (ALD) and electrospinning. The morphological, structural and optical properties of all synthesized nanostructures were investigated by several characterization techniques. The results show that the chemical and physical properties have a high impact on the photocatalytic properties of the synthesized materials. Moreover, it was found that the doping effect lead to a more efficient charge separation in the photocatalyst, which is an advantage for photocatalytic activities. In addition, methyl orange and methylene blue were used as model reference. A significant enhancement and a long-term stability in the photocatalytic activity were observed with the doped materials compared to the non-doped ones under both UV and visible light. Antibacterial tests against Escherichia coli have also been performed; the results indicate that BN-Ag/TiO2 present interesting photocatalytic properties for both organic compound degradation and bacterial removal
Fares, Lahouari. "Etude par microscopie électronique en transmission et diffraction des rayons X des phénomènes de décollement aux interfaces barrière de diffusion TiN/Ti- diélectrique". Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30021.
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