Tesis: "Ningaloo World Heritage Site"

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Lee, Mei-wah Mabel y 李美樺. "Wun Yiu Pottery Kiln Site: a potential world heritage site?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42188684.

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Lee, Mei-wah Mabel. "Wun Yiu Pottery Kiln Site a potential world heritage site? /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42188684.

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Rangoni, Gargano Elena <1994&gt. "Governance and management of the World Heritage Site". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16062.

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La tesi, Governance and management of the World Heritage Site, è il risultato di molte riflessioni a posteriori di uno stage di sei mesi presso l'Ufficio del sito di "Venezia e la sua laguna". Ufficio del sito Unesco deve garantire una buona gestione e governance del sito stesso, termini spesso fraintesi e confusi; durante l’esperienza di stage ho potuto osservare i diversi problemi di governance legati ai diversi attori coinbvolti nella gestione del sito. Ho deciso di iniziare la mia ricerca sulla governance dei siti del patrimonio mondiale con il tutor dell'Università Ca 'Foscari, prof. Fabrizio Panozzo, e co-tutorato dall'arch. Katia Basili, coordinatrice di "Venezia e la sua laguna". L'obiettivo è analizzare le principali difficoltà per comprendere la differenza tra gestione e governance e il suo utilizzo nel contesto dei siti del patrimonio mondiale, con il fine di migliorare il suo significato e la sua presenza nel piano di gestione. Quindi, per raggiungere questo obiettivo, la ricerca parte dalla necessità di una migliore comprensione della terminologia della governance; è stato ricercato il termine all’interno della letteratura accademica e dei documenti UNESCO (Politiche, Linee guida, Manuali, in particolare nel Piano di gestione); ed è stato distribuito un sondaggio a diversi siti europei per comprendere meglio la tutela del Patrimonio Mondiale. Questa nuova consapevolezza ha portato a una migliore comprensione della governance. Le nuove scoperte sono state utili per comprendere un possibile e futuro sviluppo del Piano di gestione per il Sito di "Venezia e la sua Laguna

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Tang, Jie. "The Chinese Grand Canal World Heritage Site : living heritage in the 21st century?" Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20989/.

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The Chinese Grand Canal, contrived in the late thirteenth century to provide a safe route to the capital Beijing from the south of China for the imperial grain tribute, during the sixteenth century became the main trade artery. This canal consisted of a linear network of linked rivers and lakes, often improved to enable barges to pass and interconnected with sections of canals. In order to pass the undulating topography the watercourses were adapted with sluices of various kinds, and over its existence the main challenge was to negotiate droughts and flooding that often required new courses to be adopted and/or innovative methods in order to preserve water or circumnavigate flood damaged areas. During the twentieth century it had gradually fallen in disuse and became neglected. Yet during the Mao era sections were revived for shipping coal and were re-made sometimes on the course of the old canal, sometimes elsewhere. Other sections were removed and materials quarried for other uses. Remarkably at the same time the concept of the Grand Canal was also celebrated. By the time the Canal was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage Register in June 2014 there was little left of the historic fabric. In the years running up to this nomination there had been efforts to re-create some of the heritage, with the government focussing on the canal as a tourist destination. When it was finally inscribed the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) expressed concerns about the state of the original fabric and the ‘modern’ heritage created. However, the state government still holds a rose-tinted view of the various issues relating to the condition of the canal, and the propaganda and economic initiatives by the government have made it very difficult to voice criticisms. As a result canal heritage continues to be treated inappropriately with little respect for the final fragments of original fabric that still survive. This thesis aims to identify the values of the Grand Canal through a critical assessment of its historical development, and surveys the various issues relating to the heritage using the Shandong section as a case study and then explores the appropriateness and effectiveness of the current methodologies and approaches, as to whether the canal meets the criteria as a World Heritage Site; whether perhaps other designations would be more suitable; and that perhaps the canal heritage should form the basis for an alternative development methodology, addressing a new agenda regarding sustainability, climate change and mounting health problems.

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NISHIMURA, Yoshihiko, Yoshiaki NISHIKAWA y Devi Roza KAUSAR. "How could Management of Borobudur World Heritage Site be Enhanced for Improving Tourism Impact for the Community ? : A Preliminary Comparison with Angkor World Heritage Site". 名古屋大学大学院国際開発研究科, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14541.

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Renwick, Esther Kate. "The experience of space and place in World Heritage Site management". Thesis, University of the Highlands and Islands, 2017. https://pure.uhi.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/the-experience-of-space-and-place-in-world-heritage-site-management(1f0e0b79-41ef-4618-b698-41452390bb7a).html.

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This thesis explores the relationship between academic discourse and visitor experience at World Heritage Sites, investigating whether it is possible to put ‘’authenticity based on sound research’’ at the heart of the visitor experience (ICOMOS 2011), whilst still “preserving and promoting the spirit of place” (ICOMOS 2008). Using an original methodology inspired by phenomenography and ethnography, three case studies were used to look at the collective experiences of the other, as opposed to the self (as seen in phenomenology). Using participant observation, interviews and analysis of online reviews a comprehensive picture was built up of the embodied experience of the visitor. Three very different World Heritage Site case studies were used to represent typical U.K/European site types – the rural prehistoric site represented by the Heart of Neolithic Orkney, the Roman military site by Housesteads Roman Fort on Hadrian’s Wall and the urban medieval secular and religious sites by Durham Castle and Cathedral. Exploring the visitor experience of these sites allowed comparative analysis, revealing a complex and embodied visitor engagement. Visitors proved more critical and actively mindful than they are often portrayed but struggled to connect with the monuments as the materiality of past communities, sites that were once vibrant living places. Proposing the use of concepts of dwelling and embodied encounter this thesis provides a detailed case for rethinking the relationship between World Heritage Site Management Plans and Research Frameworks to prioritise the experiential. Interpreting not merely what remains, but what was there in the past, to bring the context back the these monuments in a more holistic manner; aspiring to a presentation that empowers the visitor by giving them access to more information in a way that is not data heavy but relies on their own experiences as a being-in-the-world.

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Istasse, Manon. "Living in a World Heritage site: ethnography of the Fez medina (Morocco)". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209406.

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I aim to make explicit the actualisation of heritage, following this orienting question: how do human beings come to qualify a thing, be it tangible or intangible, as heritage? I argue that heritage is at the same time a quality allocated by human beings in their relation with things and a fiction that circulates between and anchors in situation(s). To support this assertion, I focus on one element of official heritage, namely houses in the medina of Fez in Morocco, a World Heritage site listed in 1981.

Firstly, I follow medina houses in terms of networks, that is to say the various ways to engage with their materiality in the everyday life. In this ethnographic report, I wonder how to inhabit houses located in a World Heritage site. This ethnography allows to question notions such as legality, taste, privacy, hospitality tradition or agency, and it brings to the fore a debate concerning the skills of Moroccan inhabitants to take care of their house and their blindness to heritage. I argue that houses have another story the official heritage one because they offer holds, affordances, to which human actors qualify. Heritage is one of these qualities.

I then focus on heritage as a trajectory to shed light on how houses cross the heritage border – are qualified as heritage. I firstly add the category of autodidact experts and I propose a wider definition of expertise as an ability "to speak in the name of". I then underline the importance of senses and affects in the relation with houses and I suggest that they are one possible component in the heritage qualification together with actions and justification. Finally, I argue that better than the notion of heritage border, the notion of attachment allows grasping the qualification of houses as heritage for it stresses both the similarities and the differences between houses and elements of heritage. Heritage as a quality results from a "plus of attention" and relates to nostalgia or a feeling of threat, loss and disappearing; values related to purity, materiality and time; and actions of preservation and transmission.

Finally, houses may be heritage through their qualification but heritage is also something else than houses in Fez, such as a label or a justification for members of institution in charge of tourism development or heritage preservation, a tool for sustainable development in the context of international projects, a definition assorted with criteria, an object to preserve for experts, an object of research in the field of social sciences, or a legal object. These are forms of heritage circulating between situations in which they anchor and are actualised. Each form has its own characteristics, its own criteria of (e)valuation, while all the forms share similarities that I define as the heritage fiction, namely a specific relation to the past, the idea of culture as a specific entity, the importance of experts, and moral principles. In a last time, I take as a basis the circulation and the anchorage of the heritage fiction and its forms to think of the local and the global as qualities and not as scales or levels.

Mon objectif est d'expliciter l'actualisation du patrimoine en décrivant la manière dont les individus qualifient une chose, dans ce cas les maisons de la médina de Fès au Maroc (site du patrimoine mondial depuis 1981), de patrimoine. Dans ce cadre, je définis le patrimoine à la fois comme une qualité que les individus attribuent à cette chose dans leur relation avec elle, et comme une fiction qui circule entre et s'ancre en situation(s).

Tout d'abord, je m'intéresse aux réseaux qui passent par et se croisent dans les maisons et je pose la question de l'engagement des individus avec la matérialité des maisons. Cette ethnographie de l'habitat quotidien dans un site du patrimoine mondial permet d'aborder des notions telles la légalité, le goût, l'intimité, l'hospitalité, la tradition ou l'agency. Elle met également en avant un débat sur les compétences des habitants à prendre soin de leur maison et sur leur aveuglement au patrimoine. Je défends l'idée que les maisons ont une autre histoire que celle, officielle, du patrimoine national et mondial et qu'elles proposent aux individus des prises et affordances que ces derniers peuvent qualifier. Le patrimoine est une de ces qualités.

Une étude de la trajectoire du patrimoine permet alors d'expliciter comment les maisons traversent la frontière patrimoniale (sont qualifiées de patrimoine). Tout en proposant une définition plus large de l'expertise comme la capacité de "parler au nom de", je relative l'opposition entre experts et non-experts avec la catégorie intermédiaire d'amateur. Je souligne également l'importance des sens et des affects dans la relation aux maisons qui, tout comme les actions et les justifications, constituent des composantes possibles de la qualification patrimoniale. Enfin, la notion d'attachement, mieux que celle de frontière patrimoniale, met en lumière à la fois ce qui est similaire et ce qui distingue les maisons et les éléments de patrimoine. Le patrimoine est une qualité qui résulte d'un "plus d'attention" relatifs à de la nostalgie ou un sentiment de perte, de menace ou de disparition; des valeurs de pureté, matérielles et temporelles; et des actions de préservation et de transmission.

Finalement, le patrimoine est aussi autre chose que des maisons à Fès, comme un objet à préserver, un objet légal, un objet de recherche pour les universitaires, un label servant de justification ou d'accroche promotionnelle de la ville, un outil dans le cadre du développement durable, une définition assortie de critères. Ces multiples patrimoines sont autant de formes de la "fiction patrimoniale" qui circulent entre et s'ancrent en situation(s). Si chacune possède ses caractéristiques et critères d'évaluation, toutes partagent les caractéristiques de la fiction patrimoniale, à savoir un rapport spécifique au temps, l'importance des experts, des principes moraux et une idée de la culture comme entité particulière. Je me base sur la circulation et l'ancrage de la fiction et de ses formes pour penser le local et le global comme des qualités d'une chose et non comme des niveaux ou des échelles.

Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Joy, Charlotte Louise. "Enchanting town of mud : the politics of heritage in Djenne, a UNESCO World Heritage site in Mali". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444206/.

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This thesis examines UNESCO's World Heritage project in Djenne, a World Heritage site in Mali. It argues that only through a thorough understanding of UNESCO's history and political structure can the ideological basis for its work be revealed. UNESCO's recent focus on intangible heritage provides a model for examining the difficulties it encounters in Djenne. Accordingly, UNESCO's move from a concentration on 'outstanding universal value' and an archival approach to cultural heritage towards a more dynamic emphasis on cultural transmission finds a resonance in Djenne. A study of the work of artisans, guides and the Festival du Djennery held in the town all reveal cultural heritage to be a negotiated practice, in need of constant adaptation to remain relevant to a population struggling to live in conditions of extreme poverty.

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Maharjan, Sacheen. "Impacts of tourism in world heritage site: a case of Bhaktapur Durbar Square, Nepal". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49885558.

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This study focuses on Bhaktapur Durbar Square, one of the monument zone of Kathmandu Valley World Heritage Site which lies within a Bhaktapur city, an ancient historic town. Through survey research targeting local people and key informants interviews, this study tried to investigate on the domains of major impacts from the cultural tourism in Bhaktapur Durbar Square from the perspective of local community. The study then explores the different factors serving to generate the impacts from macro and micro level of context. Macro level deals with the international and national context whereas micro level deals with local context. Using data collection methods such as interviews with organizations involved in the management of WHS, tourism, expert interviews, primary and secondary data analysis, which is to explore factors affecting the generation of tourism impacts for the community, is carried out. By combining the research conducted at the community level and the many influencing factors, the study intends to explain the socio-economic-cultural heritage impacts at the community level in light of the management or governing process of the WHS, the institutional arrangement as well as the interactions between organizations, and in the context of policy – which is reflected in the current legal framework influencing the site. This study finds that cultural tourism in Bhaktapur has contributed significantly to local government’s tax revenue particularly through tourist entry fee which in turn contributed in the conservation of the world heritage properties. However, the study also found that there have been limited positive impacts of cultural tourism for the majority of local people i.e. farmers group. Tourism has not encouraged the growth in the agriculture sector – a sector in which more than 60% of the farmers are involved. The concentrated tourism development at the core area of the city imparts the economic disparity among the people one who live in the core area and one beyond it. This study also found that tourism in Bhaktapur has limited impacts in raising the standard of living, household income, skills and training, infrastructure and public facilities. In the analysis of factors in the international context, this study argues that the nomination process, guidance from relevant international organizations and development in WHS discourse have influenced the cultural tourism development – although not directly. In terms of the national context, it finds that there is a lack of comprehensive policies and planning for conservation and tourism development which works in separate institutional framework. Analysis of factors in the local context, problems at the local area, such as decreasing agriculture land, inefficient management plan, lack of political commitment, lack of awareness and education, limited scope of work, lack of community organization, etc contribute to the perceived tourism impacts. This study finds institutional problems such as lack of planning mechanism, difficulties in coordination as well as legal framework that prevent the management system from working together to address local issues. This study recommends that a strong cooperation and coordination mechanism should be established under the framework of comprehensive community development and management plan in order to develop local economy alongside with tourism and contributing to wider benefits to the local community. A community based tourism strategy is recommended in order to reduce the disparity, directly benefiting the community and encouraging the local community to involve in decision making process. All of these efforts may help to realize at the micro level, the ideal of WHS for development that has been stated by organizations such as UNESCO in the macro level.
published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Master
Master of Science in Urban Planning

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Verster, Mia. "The wall and the veil : reclaiming women's space in a world heritage site". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45278.

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In the Stone Town of Zanzibar, a World Heritage Site, the amalgamation of various cultures has created a complex architectural as well as cultural heritage. Public space is regarded as male space due to the strong Islamic legacy, and currently women have very limited access to public or recreational spaces, despite prominent spaces having been available for their exclusive use historically. However, cultural practices are slowly changing as women are gaining better access to education, the workplace and decision-making roles, and are thus moving into the public realm. The project investigates the potential of architecture to react to and accommodate this shift. Gender roles are acknowledged as valuable social constructs and the project aims to facilitate the creation of a living, changing heritage. This proposal for a women’s centre in Stone Town draws from both the tangible and intangible heritage to develop a contemporary interpretation of traditional values and aesthetics while aiming to empower women in their quest to reclaim public space. The project is located on a street that had formed part of a previous planning scheme to incorporate vehicles into the dense town, and had subsequently developed as a scar in the urban fabric. A public square that has fallen into disuse due to illegal construction and an enclosed garden next to it offers the opportunity to revitalise the area. The proposed project will consist of areas that afford the following activities, each suitably designed to respond to and maximise the gender-related needs and restrictions of the activities: demonstration workshops, shops, restaurant and demonstration kitchen, offi ce space, study area and library, turkish bath, swimming pool, and various garden spaces. The architecture will explore the application of traditional technologies in the construction of contemporary buildings in order to develop an architectural language that fi ts harmoniously within its surroundings but contributes to the legacy of outstanding architecture in Stone Town.
Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2014.
Architecture
MArch(Prof)
Unrestricted

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Green, Carina. "Managing Laponia : A World Heritage Site as Arena for Sami Ethno-Politics in Sweden". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-110256.

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This study deals with the implications of implementing the World Heritage site of Laponia in northern Sweden. Laponia, consisting of previously well-known national parks such as Stora Sjöfallet and Sarek, obtained its World Heritage status in 1996. Both the biological and geological significance of the area and the local Sami reindeer herding culture are included in the justification for World Heritage status. This thesis explores how Laponia became an arena for the long-standing Sami ethno-political struggle for increased self-governance and autonomy. In many other parts of the world, various joint management schemes between indigenous groups and national environmental protection agencies are more and more common, but in Sweden no such agreements between the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and the Sami community have been tested. The local Sami demanded to have a significant influence, not to say control, over the future management of Laponia. These were demands that were not initially acknowledged by the local and national authorities, and the negotiations about the management of Laponia continued over a period of ten years. This thesis shows how the local Sami initially were marginalized in the negotiations both because of their alleged “difference” and because of their alleged “similarity” to the majority population. By navigating through what can be described as “a politics of difference,” the Sami involved eventually succeeded in articulating their cultural and historical difference in such a way that they were perceived as different but equal in relation to the other actors. By describing the many twist and turns of the negotiations between the local Sami and the local authorities, this thesis shows how the involvement of international agencies and global protection aspirations, such as the World Heritage Convention, might establish a link between the local and international levels that to a certain extent bypasses the national level and empowers indigenous/local peoples and their ethno-political objectives. As such, this study demonstrates how local/indigenous peoples’ involvement in environmental protection work is above all a political issue that ultimately leads to a situation where their relation with the state authorities is reshaped and reassessed.

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AscencÌ§aÌƒo, MaÌrio J. Passos. "An analysis of tourism marketing contribution for sustainable tourism in a world heritage site". Thesis, University of Ulster, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442842.

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Matswiri, Gertrude Mamotse. "Two in one: explaining the management of the Okavango Delta World Heritage Site, Botswana". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27483.

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Because of their outstanding universal significance, World Heritage sites are worthy of special protection by the international and local communities. They obtain this status after being listed under the UNESCO 1972 Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage. In previously colonised regions such as Africa, the conservation and management of World Heritage is based on international laws and modern management systems introduced after conquest. However, the process protects mostly the universal values on which the inscription of the site was based. This often marginalises local values and local management systems which are important to local communities. It also alienates local communities from their heritage which they have protected for many years. This research explores the relationship between modern and traditional management systems in the Okavango Delta Natural World Heritage site. It will focus on understanding the local values of the site, the current management system and traditional practices of the local communities. The expected outcome is to develop a syncretic management system influenced by the traditional and the modern. It is hoped that such a system will not privilege one type of value over others.

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Lusaka, Mwayi Woyamba. "Conserving spaces of memory and heritage: the complexities, challenges and politics of the stone wall project on bluestone quarry at Robben Island". University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4951.

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Magister Artium - MA
This thesis is a critical study of a conservation project on restoration of a Stone Wall at Bluestone Quarry on Robben Island, a world heritage site. The Stone Wall was built by the ex-political prisoners, in the early 1960s, as part of their hard labour. The thesis mainly focuses on the contestations that arose during the twelve year period of the project (2002 to 2014) among the stakeholders that included the ex-political prisoners, the environmentalists, the heritage managers and South African Heritage Resource Agency. Central to this study was the question, when a restoration project of a significant heritage site is informed by oral history and memories how are the concerns of diverse range of interest groups addressed and resolved? The thesis is grounded in the theoretical frameworks of sites of memory, heritage and conservation. The study involved both archival research and oral history as its research methodologies. The thesis shows that during the restoration project of the Stone Wall, the proposed designs had impacts on authenticity and biodiversity of the site. The various stakeholders that were involved debated and sought ways to influence decisions in resolving these impacts. Where necessary compromises were made. The thesis argues that during the project, oral history and memory work, and by extension the ex-political prisoners, had a significant role in influencing some of the important decisions. Among other things, the thesis seeks to provide a critical understanding of issues of heritage and conservation management on sites that are of cultural/historical significance.

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Flores, Joaquim António de Moura. "The investigation of energy efficiency measures in traditional buildings in the Oporto World Heritage Site". Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2013. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/fb6ed9c7-2872-4700-8aca-aba12aff7e17/1.

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Background The improvement of energy efficiency in buildings is widely promoted as a measure to mitigate climate change through the reduction of CO2 emissions. Thermal regulations worldwide promote it, for both new and existing buildings. Among the existing stock, traditional and historic buildings pose the additional challenge of heritage conservation. Their energy efficiency upgrade raises the risk of provoking negative impacts on their significance. Aims and Methodology This research used an approach based on impact assessment methodologies, defining an inital baseline scenario for both heritage and energy, from which the appropriate improvement solutions were identified and assessed. The measures were dynamically simulated and the results for energy, CO2, cost and comfort compared with the initial scenario, and then being further assessed for their heritage impact to eventually determine the most feasible solutions. To test this method, ten case studies, representative of the identified typological variants, were selected among Oporto’s traditional buildings located in the World Heritage Site. Findings and Conclusions The fieldwork data revealed that the energy consumption of these dwellings was below the European average. Additionally, the households expressed that their home comfort sensation was overall positive. The simulations showed that the introduction of insulation and solar thermal panels were ineffective on these cases in terms of energy, cost and comfort. At the same time, these measures pose a great risk to the buildings’ heritage value. The most efficient solutions were obtained from behavioural changes and DHW retrofit. The study reinforced the idea that traditional buildings performed better than expected and can be retrofitted and updated at a low-cost and with passive solutions. The use of insulation and solar panels should be disregarded.

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Leyland, R. C. "Vulnerability mapping in karst terrains, exemplified in the wider Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02112009-171849/.

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KAUSAR, Devi Roza. "Socio-economic Impacts of Heritage Tourism on Its Locality : A Case Study of Borobudur Temple Compounds World Heritage Site, Central Java". 名古屋大学大学院国際開発研究科, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14547.

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18

Gou, Shiwei. "A CULTURAL LANDSCAPE APPROACH FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT OF A WORLD HERITAGE SITE: CASE STUDY OF THE NAKAHECHI ROUTE IN THE KII MOUNTAIN RANGE, JAPAN". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225767.

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19

TAORMINA, FRANCESCA. "Participatory dynamics and public values in World Heritage sites: the case of the World Heritage serial site Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalú and the Monreale (Italy)". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11583/2973805.

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20

Fusté, Forné Francesc. "Food tourism in rural areas: the case of cheese in Vall de Boí, a World Heritage Site". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398019.

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Food tourism is a type of tourism that over recent years has been achieving a greater interest by academics and tourism professionals, and evidently also as a tourist motivation. The framework of the thesis is based on rural and mountain areas, where food plays an essential role as an identity factor of a society, and a unique landscape that does not happen in the same way anywhere else. Research analyses the integrative linkages between rural activities, local produce, the heritage of a particular place, its landscape, and tourism; also, the role of gastronomy regarding the regional development and the internationalization processes of destinations. Particularly focused on Vall de Boí, a World Heritage Site in the Catalan Pyrenees, the thesis also delineates examples from the region of Canterbury (New Zealand) to draw conclusive results
El turisme gastronòmic és una tipologia turística que al llarg dels últims anys està tenint un interès creixent tant per part dels acadèmics com per part dels professionals del turisme, i evidentment també com una motivació turística de primer ordre. El marc de la tesi el formen els espais rurals i zones de muntanya, on la gastronomia hi juga un paper essencial com a factor d’identitat de la societat i en un entorn paisatgístic que no es dóna en cap altre lloc. La tesi analitza les sinergies que es creen entre les activitats rurals, els productes locals, el patrimoni d’una destinació, el seu paisatge, i l’activitat turística; a la vegada, s’estudia també el rol de la gastronomia en el desenvolupament regional i el procés d’internacionalització d’una destinació turística. El cas estudiat és la Vall de Boí, Patrimoni de la Humanitat als Pirineus de Catalunya, però també s’utilitzen exemples de la regió de Canterbury (Nova Zelanda) per donar resposta als diferents objectius plantejats

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Cluett, Jonathan Paul. "Soil and sediment-based cultural records and The Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site buffer zones". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/357.

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The designation of World Heritage Sites (WHS) by UNESCO is the principal international and formally recognised strategy allowing the conservation of sites of outstanding cultural value throughout the world. This study demonstrates that soils and sediments influenced by cultural activities retain cultural records (soils and sediments-based cultural records, hereafter abbreviated to SSBCR) associated with WHS, and further the understanding and contribute to the cultural value of WHS. Considering The Heart of Neolithic Orkney WHS and its surrounding landscape as the study location, systematic fieldwork is combined with geoarchaeological analyses including soil organic matter content, pH, particle size distribution, phosphorus concentration, soil magnetism and thin section micromorphology to determine the nature of the SSBCR. Chronologies of the formation of SSBCR and of palaeo-environmental records were ascertained using radiocarbon analyses and optically stimulated luminescence analysis. Findings of particular importance to the interpretation of the WHS are the identification of a Late Neolithic SSBCR located between the WHS monuments. This SSBCR is a valuable cultural record of a specific Late Neolithic community and provides significant insight into the interaction between settlement and ritual aspects of the Orcadian Late Neolithic. An understanding of these interactions is of crucial importance to a fuller interpretation of the WHS and to the wider discussion of the Orcadian Neolithic. The implications of this research to other WHS designated for their cultural value are discussed, together with future conservation considerations for this specific WHS.

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Taruvinga, Pascall. "Stakeholders, conservation and socio-economic development: the case of Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape World Heritage Site, South Africa". Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30542.

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The strategic importance of World Heritage sites in addressing social needs is now well recognised in Africa and elsewhere. However, the contribution of these sites to socio-economic development is rarely a topic of empirical investigation and is mostly implied. It is in this context that research was performed on stakeholder-driven conservation and socio-economic development processes, using Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape World Heritage Site (South Africa) as the case study. The study solicited the views and opinions of 243 participants, using a dynamic and mixed methodology which combined desktop studies, questionnaire surveys, interviews and Delphi techniques. This mixed methodology was premised on the Multiple-Multi-Layered Stakeholder Theory (MMST). The main findings of the thesis are that conservation and socio-economic development are equally important and should co-exist as stakeholder-driven processes at Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape World Heritage Site (MCLWHS). This supports the notion of caring for the well-being of both heritage and society. The study also established that, while there are benefits associated with World Heritage, the lack of credible statistics and the absence of monitoring indicators mean that its contribution to socio-economic development is not quantified. In addition, the study reveals that, while Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape World Heritage Site (MCLWHS) has multiple stakeholders with different expectations and levels of power, these are not involved in the decision-making processes at the site. This creates challenges that impede the full realization of both conservation and socio-economic benefits at MCLWHS, which can only be addressed through adaptive management supported by creativity and innovation embedded in multi-pronged strategies. The results motivate for adoption of adaptive management approaches, “learning by doing”, as opposed to a monolithic adherence to State-Based Management Systems. An adaptive approach promotes better communication flow between decision makers and all other stakeholders to ensure stakeholder-driven conservation and socio-economic development at World Heritage sites. Neither conservation nor socio-economic development plan for each other at World Heritage sites, yet both cannot be disassociated from their broader environment and related stakeholders. The study concludes that World Heritage governance should be about managing continuity and change as influenced by multiple stakeholders who are the beneficiaries of both conservation and developments at heritage sites. World Heritage has potential to contribute massively to socio-economic development in and around host communities without eroding its credibility and integrity.

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Nillorm, Mallika. "Landslide inventories for risk assessment in a World Heritage Site : a case study of Lulworth Cove, UK". Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2016. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/landslide-inventories-for-risk-assessment-in-a-world-heritage-site(360a9666-07bf-4991-84a3-59dcd275b830).html.

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The historical record of landslide occurrence is by far the most important data for assessing landslide risk. The objective of this study is to utilise archive imagery for assessing the probability of landslide occurrence and provide a quantitative landslide risk framework for geo tourism destination in Dorset. Within this study, risk analysis focuses on the risk to loss of life and injury. To calculate landslide risk, landslide inventories were prepared using the analysis of different archive imagery, the spatial and temporal probabilities of potentially damaging events, as well as the visitor exposure, considering also vulnerabilities, were determined. As risk is context-dependant and socially constructed, visitors’ risk perception was also investigated in this study. Results from risk analysis allow for establishing how well the landslides are recorded in the archive sources, to what extent the landslide inventories can be used to determine the frequency of landslide occurrence, and the significance of landslide inventories as a preliminary step for landslide risk assessment.

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Blacky, Nosipho. "Organization management challenges of national heritage institutions in South Africa : a case study of the Robben Island Museum (RIM)". University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5083.

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Masters in Public Administration - MPA
In January 1997, Robben Island Museum (RIM) opened its doors to the public as a tourist destination. This was done without any formal management structure or strategic planning, to cope not only with its mandate as the first National Museum of the new democratic South Africa, but also to meet the demand of the great interest of visitors to see this prison where the icon of the liberation struggle, Nelson Mandela was incarcerated for 27 years. This operational take-off without formal administrative management structure and strategic planning was understandable given the social and political transitional climate in the country. The effect thereof as the old adage states ‘failure to plan is planning for failure’ seems to hold true for RIM who is struggling to become a well-managed national heritage site. RIM over the years have been beset with governance and management challenges and enjoyed continual bad publicity. The study’s aim was to bring an understanding of what the major governance and managerial challenges were and to make recommendations to address those. The study was guided by a central research question namely What were the administrative and management challenges of RIM and in what ways did it impact on the operational effectiveness of RIM as a national museum and World heritage site. A number of findings emanated from the study. A key one was that clarity of roles and responsibilities of the council and the management is required. Furthermore, the vision and mission of RIM must inform the formulation of strategies to give effect thereto. This in turn must be the base for the development of an appropriate organisational structure to implement the strategies. A number of recommendation stems from the research. An important one was that appointment must be on the basis of ‘fit for purpose’. This means that staff with the right skills and capacity should be appointed as a matter of priority. In conclusion, the findings of the study could be used by other heritage organisations faced with similar organisational challenges.
Robben Island Museum Training and Development Staff Bursary

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LOHRASBI, Anahita. "Management of Cultural Landscapes for Sustainable Development: the Case of Takht-e Soleyman World Heritage SIte in Iran". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2403210.

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FERRARO, VALENTINA. "Cultural heritage management: from aesthetic to ethic: abandoning the contemplative function of cultural heritage towards audience engagement and community-based development". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/207760.

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Responding to the demand of innovative solutions in a field which is experiencing hectic changes in management structures, funding constraints and the lack of a systematic approach toward site maintenance, this paper explores the current gap between theory and practice in the conservation of WCHSs. We adopt a soft system approach (Checkland, 2004) and a multidisciplinary perspective to conservation management, encompassing heritage preservation, tourism studies, conservation planning and environmental studies. The paper is meant to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of public private partnership (Pessoa, A., 2010; Bovaird, 2004) in cultural heritage conservation and assess if this model is the only solution to overcome challenges faced by the philanthropic approach and the emergency intervention model based on sporadic allocations of public funds (Rojas, E. 2007). Otherwise we try to find out if a new model for conservation management (Hutchings J. and Cassar, M. 2006) is rather emerging at the theory level from crossing fields and at the empirical level from the experience of well-established organizations operating internationally on the protection and promotion of heritage sites. The case study of the Aga Khan Trust for Culture and the upcoming paradigm of co-management and co-production (Pestoff, 2009) are expected to point out new routes for a sustainable management of cultural heritage preservation by suggesting a hybrid model of community involvement.

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27

Coetzee, Willem Johannes Lourens. "An integrated sustainable tourism development strategy for the Vredefort Dome as a world heritage site / by Willem J.L. Coetzee". Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/458.

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In order for the Vredefort Dome to be declared, and to exist as a World Heritage site, it is imperative that the tourism product owners in the area realise their roles as custodians of this precious site. This proposition leads to the main aim of this study, namely to develop an integrated tourism development strategy for the Vredefort Dome as a proposed World Heritage site. In order to achieve the above-mentioned aim, a thorough literature review was conducted. The goal of the literature study was to investigate the birth and growth of sustainable development based on Agenda 21. This literature review revealed that the three-legged chair of sustainable development has more profound foundations than the obvious economical, social and environmental aspects. Each one of these aspects consists of various elements that are interrelated. In order to formulate a strategy for sustainable tourism development, this interrelation between aspects was analysed and the following conclusions were drawn: Sustainable tourism development is an integrated system Education, poverty alleviation, health and insight into human settlements and demographics are the cornerstones of social well-being Climate change, land resources, deforestation, drought, mountain development, agriculture, biodiversity, freshwater resources, toxic chemicals and waste are central concerns in environmentally sensitive development 0 Institutions involved such as the different levels of Government, as well as aspects such as fair trade, economic enhancement programmes and economic measuring are essential elements of economic sustainability. The custodians of the present generation in the Vredefort Dome should realise their role in this complicated and integrated system and therefore the practices at present were evaluated as well as the future view regarding sustainable practices. In order, then, for sustainable tourism development to realise in the Vredefort Dome, the following strategies were formulated to assist product owners to achieve sustainability: Assisting to alleviate poverty in the VFD with a view to a sustainable future and supporting sustainable livelihoods Improving participation that would be true to the demographic composition in the VFD Protecting and promoting human health in the VFD Promoting education and training in the VFD Promoting sustainable human settlement development in the VFD-area Following an integrated approach to the planning and management of land resources Promoting sustainable agriculture and rural development Conserving the biological diversity in the VFD Acquiring support from national, provincial and local levels of government Establishing a system that guarantees supply that is coherent with fair trade in tourism Establishing an economic enhancement system that will contribute to the well-being of the VFD community Reducing leakage and other purchasing practices. The results of the empirical study indicated that tourism stakeholders are prepared to improve the present situation in the Vredefort Dome and are willing to adjust their businesses practices in the future. These changed practices addressed some strategic issues and the strategies above would give direction to this proposed World Heritage site to become more sustainable.
Thesis (Ph.D. (Tourism))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

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Jimura, Takamitsu. "The impact of World Heritage Site designation on local communities - a comparative study of Ogimachi (Japan) and Saltaire (UK)". Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442099.

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Ryland, Philip. "Visitors : their choice of activities and the importance of on-site interpretation in enhancing their overall experience at a World Heritage Site, the Jurassic Coast, UK". Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2012. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/20998/.

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Interpretation has been adopted at both natural and cultural sites as a soft visitor management tool where typically it might aim to develop an understanding and appreciation of the site as well as encouraging the appropriate on-site behaviour from the visitors. This study is primarily concerned with the on-site experience of the visitor through which interpretation in its many forms can play such a critical component. The study has explored the visitors’ choice of on-site activities as well as the overall range of on-site interpretive experiences available at two locations on the Jurassic Coast World Heritage site in Dorset and in so doing, has specifically explored the visitors’ interest in and attitude towards guided walks. A principle outcome of this study therefore has been the development of a framework for the potential design of guided walks which could be used to support the successful enhancement of the visitor experience on any natural site. The primary research undertaken in this study included a visitor survey which was conducted during 2007 and yielded a total of 600 groups of respondents. In undertaking the analysis of the data, three variables were identified as being worthy of greater exploration. Two of these ‘outcome’ variables had two states namely for; ‘residency’ (local resident or tourist) and ‘visitation’ (first or repeat visitor) whilst the third ‘outcome’ variable which was ‘social grouping’ had three potential states namely ‘alone’, ‘with partner’ and ‘with family / friends’. The analysis which included logistic regression modelling was applied to the data in order to explore the principle differences in the way in which the visitors within each of these three grouping variables responded to the questionnaire. Factor analysis techniques were also applied to identify whether any other associations existed within the overall data set. As a result of the analysis, the broad characteristics of the visitor population within each of the three grouping variables was revealed including their choice of on-site activities as well as their interest in on-site interpretive media and their attitudes towards guided walks.

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Merron, James Lawrence. "Wattle we do? alien eradication and the 'ecology of fear' on the fringes of a world heritage site, South Africa". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002655.

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In their article ―Naturing the Nation: Aliens, the Apocalypse and the Post Colonial State (2001) Jean and John Comaroff look at ―the contemporary predicament of South Africa through the prism of environmental catastrophe. Through it they reveal the context in which alien plants have become an urgent affair of the state. Following their lead, I show how alien plants (particularly Australian wattle) continue to provide grounds for new social and political aspirations in South Africa, though in a different setting. With reference to a group of private landowners on the fringe of a World Heritage Site -- the Baviaanskloof Mega-Reserve, Eastern Cape, South Africa -- I show how an increasingly apocalyptic and xenophobic environmental agenda has influenced local activists seeking to address social and ecological issues in tandem with alien-eradication. These local activists adhere to a particular brand of environmentalism which Milton (1993) argues can be considered a social, cultural and religious phenomenon. The subjects of my main empirical investigation offer practical ways of achieving a transformational end through a new ritual activity in relation to a spread and exchange of environmental ideas and practices on a world-wide scale. On the ground this group practices ecosocietal restoration through which they aspire to mend the bond between people and the land in a spiritual and moral sense, bolstering intrinsic incentives for environmental stewardship and achieving ―cultural reconciliation in an attempt to reimagine what South Africa could be.

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Van, Rensburg Jacobus Marthinus Jansen. "Geoconservation of abandoned goldmines and granite quarries in the Vredefort Dome World Heritage Site, South Africa / Jacobus Marthinus Jansen van Rensburg". Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9101.

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Since the Vredefort Dome‟s listing as a World Heritage Site in June 2005, the area has seen a steady increase in tourists to both the local towns of Parys and Vredefort and the Vredefort Structure. Tourists venturing into the field in an attempt to explore the area have an insatiable appetite for information. By unfolding the gold and granite mining heritage of the area, a world of interesting facts and fables is exposed. The special geological character of the Vredefort Dome World Heritage Site is enhanced by the mining interventions which started in the 1800s. The mines provide a glimpse into the earth‟s fresh crust which would otherwise have been obscured form the eye of the scientist/researchers, young potential earth scientists and the enquiring tourist. This study is aimed at identifying, for the first time, the localities of the major mining and quarrying sites in the area. This enabled investigation into and characterization of the exposed sites on the basis of their tourism and academic value. These sites were classified in order to identify those sites that should be made safe, rehabilitated and allowed access to tourists and scientists and those where access should be restricted but made safe in such a way that will allow access to animals and birds. The value of this initiative with regard to the stimulation of learners‟ scientific needs should not be under-estimated. The wide spectrum of natural, biological and physical sciences can be inspiring.
Thesis (MSc (Environmental Sciences))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

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Brewer, Philippa Biological Earth &amp Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "Palaeontology of primitive wombats". Publisher:University of New South Wales. Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43156.

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Wombats (Vombatidae, Marsupialia) are fossorial marsupials that are most closely related to koalas amongst living marsupials. The cheek teeth of wombats are unique amongst Australian marsupials in being hypselodont (the condition where the teeth continue to grow throughout life and the formation of roots is suppressed). Hypselodonty is an adaptation to high degrees of tooth wear. The fossil record of vombatids is largely restricted to Pliocene to recent deposits and is largely represented by isolated teeth. Six genera are currently recognised from these deposits, all of which have hypselodont teeth. To date, a single isolated vombatid tooth has been described from pre-Pliocene deposits of South Australia and is the only example of a vombatid cheek tooth that possesses roots. Seventy specimens, representing five species of vombatid, have been recovered from Oligo-Miocene deposits in the Riversleigh World Heritage Site in northwestern Queensland and are described here. Among these are four new species and one new genus. A new species of Warendja from Riversleigh is described. It represents the oldest known hypselodont vombatid. This species is compared with additional specimens of the Pleistocene species of Warendja (W wakefieldi). Three species of Rhizophascolonus and a new monotypic genus are also described. Phylogenetic analysis of these taxa indicates that Rhizophascolonus may represent a sister taxon to the other vombatids. These specimens comprise almost all known examples of Oligo-Miocene vombatids. Most of the specimens are isolated teeth and are highly variable in size and morphology. Cusp detail is clearly preserved on many, allowing for omparison with the cusp morphology on juvenile cheek teeth of the common wombat (Vombatus ursinus). All of the taxa found in the deposits at Riversleigh share a number of characters such as marked differences in enamel thickness and height around the cheek teeth. It is argued here that these shared characters are indicative of high amounts of tooth wear and/or occlusal stresses acting on the trailing edge enamel. Combined with evidence of scratch-digging adaptations of the forelimbs it is suggestive of a rhizophagous niche for at least some of these early vombatids.

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Barnard, Abigail A. "The scientist, the collector, & the treasure hunter : a knowledge centre for the cradle of humankind". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60189.

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The Cradle of Humankind, famous for its abundance of hominid fossils, has been preserved as a pristine landscape throughout the modern era, thanks to the establishment of the site as a natural and cultural World Heritage Site in 1994 (Maropeng 2016). In this dissertation the complexity surrounding a world heritage hominid fossil site is investigated. Kromdraai Cave, one of the five original caves included in the World Heritage declaration on the Cradle of Humankind, is investigated as a point of connection between conflicting values within the world heritage context. Through the intervention the site is envisioned as connecting not only the values of the world heritage site, but also providing an understanding of the landscape as a whole. The site is envisioned as a centre of knowledge, relating the value of the site directly to the context. The distribution of knowledge will allow the heritage to be accessible, not only to the scientist but also to the community.
Die Wiegvan die Mensdom is bekend vir die oorvloed hominied-fossiele wat daar voorkom, en is dwarsdeur die moderne era as 'n ongerepte landskap bewaar, danksy die die feit dat dit in 1994 as 'n natuurlike en kulturele Werelderfenisgebied verklaar is (Maropeng 2016). Hierdie skripsie ondersoek die kompleksiteite wat so 'n hominied-werelderfenisgebied omring. Kromdraai-grot, een van die vyf oorspronklike grotte wat ingesluit is toe Werelderfenisstatus a an die Wieg van die Mensdom toegeken is, word as aansluitingspunt tussen teenstrydige waardes binne 'n werelderfeniskonteks ondersoek. Deur die voorgestelde ingryping word dit moontlik dat die terrein nie aileen 'n verband skep tussen die onderskeie waardes wat 'n werelderfenisgebied verteenwoordig nie, maar dat daar oak 'n beter begrip van die landskap as 'n geheel verskaf word. Die terrein word as 'n kennissentrum beskou, wat sy waarde direk met die konteks in verband bring. Die verspreiding van kennis sal die erfenis toeganklik maak vir nie net wetenskaplikes nie, maar ook vir die gemeenskap.
Mini Dissertation (MArch (Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Architecture
MArch (Prof)
Unrestricted

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Jordaan, Tarina. "A place-making approach to spatial planning of rural landscapes : the Vredefort Dome World Heritage Site as a case study / Tarina Jordaan". Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3728.

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In its course of development, urban and regional planning has been greatly influenced by the modernist movement, which left human environments with various problematic ecological and social conditions. In reaction to these conditions, alternative planning approaches branched from the planning profession, one of these being the development approach known as place-making. Place-making is the physical designing of a place based on locational contexts. Place-making is offered as an alternative planning approach to current planning practice to ameliorate and possibly prevent continuation of the problematic ecological and social conditions. However, this implies that there has to come about a shift in the focus and aims of current planning practice. The main implications of place-making are that planning should become more contextually driven, holistic, multidisciplinary, as well as human and quality centred. Also, it is proposed to increase research on place in the South African context. In terms of current research in South Africa, a mixed-method research approach made it possible to include symbolic locational elements, like sense of place, in the planning process. Researching the Vredefort Dome's sense of place aimed to explore sense of place in a rural area and to concretise the area's sense of place for inclusion in spatial planning. Initial qualitative research informed the quantitative phase. This way symbolic experiences and meanings of participants were linked to spatial locations and three-dimensional features, which made it possible to create place-making guidelines based on both symbolic and material contexts of the Vredefort Dome.
Thesis (M.Art. et Scien. (Town and Regional Planning))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

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Pretorius, Stephanus Johannes. "The role of geohydrology in the determination of a spatial development framework in the Vredefort Dome World Heritage Site / Stephanus Johannes Pretorius". Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4490.

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An assessment of the geohydrological character of the Vredefort Dome World Heritage Site (VDWHS) was done as a basis for the development of a groundwater resource management plan. This was done as part of the preparation for the compilation of an Integrated Management Plan and in order to reflect the principles of integration and sustainability with acknowledgment of the legal, institutional and environmental framework within the VDWHS. As the sole water supply in the VDWHS (except for the Vaal River) and being at a critical point in the water balance, groundwater resources require careful management and protection to ensure sustainability and equitable access. This was achieved through the delineation of different groundwater resource management units and the development of resource measures for each management unit. Due to the important role of groundwater as a natural resource, geohydrology is playing a major role in the alignment of the environmental, spatial and statutory frameworks in order to ensure good governance within the VDWHS. A geohydrological-based land use management guideline and spatial development framework were developed to optimise the integration between the water sector, the environmental sector and land use and spatial planning sector. It was concluded that a geohydrological assessment needs to form the basis of land use management and spatial planning in the VDWHS. Without effective integration of geohydrology and land use management contributing to a spatial development framework for the VDWHS, sustainable development will not be possible.
Thesis (Ph.D. (Geography and Environmental Studies)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

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Gaillard, Bénédicte [Verfasser], Eike [Akademischer Betreuer] Albrecht y Heiderose [Akademischer Betreuer] Kilper. "Conflictive delisting process of a World Heritage Site in Germany: the case of the Dresden Elbe Valley / Bénédicte Gaillard ; Eike Albrecht, Heiderose Kilper". Cottbus : BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1115005103/34.

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Gaillard, Bénédicte Verfasser], Eike [Akademischer Betreuer] [Albrecht y Heiderose [Akademischer Betreuer] Kilper. "Conflictive delisting process of a World Heritage Site in Germany: the case of the Dresden Elbe Valley / Bénédicte Gaillard ; Eike Albrecht, Heiderose Kilper". Cottbus : BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-30314.

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Rossing, Peter. "Evaluating ecotourism in Mexico’s biosphere reserves – whale watching activities in the World Heritage Site of Laguna San Ignacio, Baja California Sur, Mexico, 1994-2002". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/51.

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A descriptive case study approach and 34 indicators was used to examine the socio-economic impacts of whale watching tourism in the Laguna San Ignacio (LSI) World Heritage Site - located within the El Vizcaino Biosphere Reserve in Baja California Sur, Mexico. The framework measured both the socio-economic changes, and the economic viability of the local and regional operators. This approach led to a detailed understanding of the underlying, and often complex, inter-related factors that shaped the ecotourism development in LSI between 1994 and 2002. It identified strengths and weaknesses of current ecotourism development making it a valid tool for evaluating and improving these activities in any biosphere reserve. More specifically the objectives were to examine: 1. How existing ecotourism operations and their activities in the LSI have changed since 1994; 2. Whether these changes have made ecotourism a more viable socio-economic development alternative for the local communities; and 3. Which strategies may be useful in overcoming identified barriers to further socio-economic benefits both from existing and future ecotourism activities. The results strongly suggested that the benefits from ecotourism improved significantly between 1994 and 2002. Economically this was reflected in growth of visitor numbers (50%), employment (100%) and local and regional revenue approximately 70% (or 55% in real terms adjusting for inflation). Social benefits were seen in more cooperation among previous antagonistic stakeholders; a wider distribution of ecotourism benefits; some improvement in living standards and increasing local support for the Reserve. Politically, local stakeholders became more empowered through involvement in tourism related management activities. The viability of the local and regional operators also improved significantly as they became more sophisticated in their product offerings, enhanced their facilities and gained a market share of ecotourism relative to the foreign operators. These improvements were particular true for the operators that sold package tours. However, the analyses also revealed a number of barriers with the most important ones being: • Unresolved historic land use conflicts over rights to land with ecotourism possibilities; • Lack of activities diversification possibilities outside the tourism season; • Stagnating visitor numbers; • Uneven business skills among operators; • Poor marketing and promotional efforts; • Insufficient ecotourism infrastructure; • A proposed ecotourism tax; • Low profit margin of the ecotourism operators; and • Lack of funding for further investments To alleviate these threats and barriers 13 general strategies were identified. An elaboration of these resulted in 39 concrete operational strategies on how potentially to implement them.

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Lundin, Sofia. "Lokalitet, globalitet och folklighet : Hälsingegårdarna som världsarv". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-253424.

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The aim of this essay was to investigate the effects of adopting a site to the UNESCOs World Heritage List. Thefocus laid on the example of the Decorated Farmhouses of Hälsingland, which was the most recent Swedishadoption. With the question of impact of the World Heritage List in mind, the region of Hälsingland became themain focus. The study was made with particular focus on Gästgivars, a farm located in the municipality ofBollnäs, to which the theory of social life of things was applied. The result of the World Heritage was, in the caseof Gästgivars, an increase of the cultural value and social status.This case study has shown that the impact of the nomination has not been immense, but suggests that longtermeffects can show. The nomination to the World Heritage has led to some small changes in how thefarmhouses are managed, for example an increase of guided tours of a site. Although there were some opinionson how it was handled, World Heritage site recognition is looked upon as something positive. In this studyUNESCO and ICOMOS, in addition to other governing bodies, appeared to be authoritarian in some aspects,mainly when it came to local decisions concerning the World Heritage site. Thus, it has also shown that thoseinstitutions were not the only authoritarians regarding the handling of the site.The adoption of the Decorated Farmhouses could contribute to a feeling of community, or to create asymbol of the region and municipality, or perhaps a feeling of local identity and community. On an economiclevel, the World Heritage designation could contribute to additional income for the region and secondary effects.The case study is not completely a part of the experience industry which shows that cultural economy had littleeffects. Furthermore, the study showed that the adoption of the Decorated Farmhouses of Hälsingland to theWorld Heritage List can promote the view upon culture in small cities and an alternation of the cultural life.To analyze possible interactions due to a site being added to the World Heritage list has succesfully beenperformed with qualitative methods and interviews. The interviews became the primary material of the study andwas backed by statistics of the number of visitors to a site, some documents, and historical facts.

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Nang'alelwa, Michael Mubitelela. "Effects of treatment on Lantana camara (L.) and the restoration potential of riparian seed banks in cleared areas of the Victoria Falls World Heritage Site, Livingstone, Zambia". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003786.

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The exotic plant Lantana camara L. has invaded the riparian areas of the Victoria Falls World Heritage Site in Livingstone, southern Zambia, threatening native plant communities which support populations of species of special concern. I trialled the mechanical control method of manual uprooting and 3 different herbicides applied through paint brushing of an imazapyr concentrate at 250g. l¯¹, spraying on cut stumps with metsulfron methyl at 600g.l¯¹, and foliar spraying on re-emergent lantana foliage with glyphosate at a dosage of 166g. l¯¹ in July 2008 in 20 100m2 treatment plots, 5 invaded control plots and 5 uninvaded controls. Follow-up treatments for re-sprouting lantana stumps and emerging seedlings were undertaken in June 2009. I measured effectiveness of the methods using adult lantana mortality in June 2009 and lantana seedling density in the different treatment plots during the follow-up exercise. The cost of the various methods and human labour applied were compared across the four treatments at initial clear and at follow-up. All treatments recorded a high adult lantana mortality rate, though there were no significant differences in lantana adult mortality amongst the treatments. Overall, uprooting had the highest adult mortality, followed by imazapyr, metsulfron and lastly glyphosate. Germination of lantana seedlings after clearing was high for all treatments but with no significant differences occurring between the treatments. Both adult lantana mortality and seedling density were however significantly different from the control. With labour included, chemical costs were far higher relative to uprooting, though uprooting costs were the highest when it came to the follow-up because of the emerging seedlings and some resprouting stumps. The effects of mechanical and chemical treatments on vegetation composition in the cleared areas were also assessed in order to detect any non-target and medium term effects of treatments. Contrary to expectation, none of the chemicals showed any significant effects on vegetation composition in the short and medium-term and no significant differences were found in plant species richness, diversity and seedling density between invaded and uninvaded plots at baseline, in October 2008 and in September 2009. In order to determine potential for unaided vegetation recovery in the riparian areas of the study site after lantana clearing, I conducted an investigation of soil seed banks and seed rain using 60 seed bank samples measuring 1800m³ collected from 30 invaded and uninvaded plots. Using the seedling emergence method, 1, 991 seedlings belonging to 66 species representing 27 families germinated from the seed bank. Sedges (Cyperaceae family) were the most abundant taxa in the seed banks from invaded areas, followed by Ageratum conyzoides, lantana, Triumfetta annua and Achyranthes aspera which also occurred in the uninvaded soil seed banks. The seed banks from uninvaded plots were dominated by the grass Oplismenus hirtellus. Overall, species richness, diversity and seedling density from seed banks in invaded areas did not differ significantly from seed bank in uninvaded areas and there was a low similarity in species composition when above ground vegetation was compared to seed banks from invaded and uninvaded areas. It would appear if natural regeneration occured from the current seed bank in disturbed areas, future vegetation would largely comprise of short lived, early successional species in the short term as the seed bank is dominated by non-native herbaceous weedy species. From the seed traps investigating seed rain, a total of 27 species numbering 623 individual seeds were found in the thirty 1m² seedtraps distributed in invaded and uninvaded areas at the five sites, over an intermittent period of three months. Lantana had the highest monthly arrival rate in the seed traps followed by Phoenix reclinata and Ricinus communis. The number of species with invasive potential found in the seed traps located in invaded areas was more than that found in seed traps under native vegetation cover by far. Considerable forest remnants still occur around the invaded sites, and these could serve as an important source for long-term natural re-establishment of native vegetation if seed availability by animals and wind dispersal continues, while the re-invasion of lantana is prevented by ongoing follow-ups and futher clearing of lantana invaded areas. It is concluded that while uprooting and other treatments are effective in the control of lantana, its successful control in the Victoria Falls World Heritage Site will require extensive clearing to keep it from reinvading infested areas after clearing as shown by the seed rain data. The high seedling density of lantana in the seed banks and in the cleared areas shows the need for ongoing follow-up in order to deplete soil stored seed banks. There is need for longer term research to establish what the exact follow-up requirements are in order to contain lantana re-infestation and create favourable micro-sites for native species to establish. It is predicted that ongoing lantana control in the cleared plots will most likely initiate long-term community recovery.

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41

Shad, Shirin. "The choice of Interventions for strengthening of historical adobe structures and remains in Bam Citadel "Arg-e Bam"". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-186504.

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Bam Citadel is a unique complex with some mediocre buildings in it. Construction started in the Achaemenid period (550–330 BC) and is still being completed and repaired up to the 21st century. Although the Bam region is located in south-western Iran in an active seismic zone, the City of Bam had not reported any major historical earthquake before 26th Dec. 2003. The massive earthquake that day killed or injured more than 37,000 people and most of the city collapsed. Bam Citadel became a unique adobe complex for the World Heritage community after this disaster. According to the surveys, the earthquake caused damage to about 23% of the ancient monuments close to and inside the Citadel. Most of the ruins were the parts that already added to the main body of work or were repaired during the last intervention of 1993. For this reason the technical method, used for the enhancing of the adobe building, is highlighted as the main task. There are four items which are very important for any seismic upgrading in heritage sites: seismology of the area, quality of the construction, function of the building and cultural values. A wide variety of intervention strategies and techniques have been considered for the repair and the seismic retrofitting of the adobe buildings in the Citadel. With respect to that point, the possible relationship between the cultural values and seismic upgrading are always polar opposites. Obviously the buildings in Bam Citadel have many problems, for example the geometry data are not available, there are large variability layers, construction sequence is unknown, existing damage in the structures is very serious, regulation and codes are non-applicable and so on. In fact in this research I am trying to adjust the stability and safety measures with values of the cultural heritage property as much as possible; on the other hand I am trying to optimize the strengthening methods to an acceptable amount of side affect on values. This PhD thesis focuses on the strategies and the techniques that have been applied to preserve the historical monuments and to evaluate the traditional and modern engineering methods that are used in conservation projects in Bam Citadel.

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42

Dawson, Jessica. "Terrestrial-aquatic transfers by hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius): effects on food web and benthic community structure of the St Lucia Estuary, iSimangaliso Wetland Park, World Heritage Site, South Africa". Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Science, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31223.

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Africa’s last extant aquatic megaherbivore, the hippopotamus, facilitates linkages between terrestrial and aquatic systems at scales, frequencies and intensities that are probably unmatched by any other natural process. Through defaecation of terrestrial grasses into aquatic habitats, hippos disproportionately enhance boundary permeability across the aquaticterrestrial divide. Little, however, is known about the ecological ramifications of these transfers for recipient communities and broader functioning in aquatic ecosystems, with equivalent knowledge for estuaries being virtually non-existent. Using a combination of in situ (1) experiments manipulating hippo dung inputs, (2) assessments of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios and (3) fatty acid analyses, I aimed to quantify the influence of hippo dung on food web and benthic community structure in the St Lucia Estuary - a subtropical estuarine lake on the east coast of South Africa. It was hypothesized that experimental dung enrichment at high levels would result in significant declines in benthic community metrics and that food web components in biotopes with contrasting hippo numbers would differ in isotopic and fatty acid signatures. Results from experiments revealed that effects of hippo dung on benthic assemblages were assemblage specific. Microphytobenthic biomass was reduced by up to 70 %; macrobenthic abundance, biomass and richness declined by 76, 56 and 27 % respectively, while meiofauna were negligibly impacted by experimental dung enrichment. Results therefore suggest a greater resilience of meiofauna to high dung inputs relative to microphytobenthos and macrofauna. Comparisons of food web components from biotopes with contrasting hippo numbers (the Narrows: hippos dense; Charter’s Creek: hippos rare) indicated distinct consumer isotopic and fatty acid profiles, suggesting different dietary sources. Contrary to expectations, stable isotope mixing models revealed a greater reliance on hippo dung as a food source by consumers in Charter’s Creek (i.e. where hippos were rare). Fatty acid biomarkers suggested that in the presence of heavy dung loading, consumer diets incorporated VI less benthic diatoms, more bacteria, and generally reflected stronger dependence on terrestrial food sources. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential for hippo dung to influence consumers and trophic interactions due to its role as a trophic resource and modifier of abiotic conditions. However, findings of in situ experiments also show that in high amounts, dung inputs can lead to declines in benthic metrics. Apart from enhancing understanding of the broader roles hippos play in aquatic ecosystems, this study highlights considerations relevant to managing hippo populations and dung inputs, especially under drought conditions. This is central to maintenance of ecological functioning in a system that is regarded as a biodiversity hotspot and key tourist attraction. Specifically, it is important that water levels are managed to prevent dung accumulation and deleterious effects, particularly on the benthos.

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43

Karlsson, Marianne. "Gränsöverskridande natur-och kulturvård : Konflikt, motsättning och samarbete i den pyreneiska gränstrakten Monte Perdido". Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1797.

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Transboundary protected areas are a fairly recent concept that have been increasing in popularity and are increasingly being integrated into large international organizations’ environmental policy making. This essay examines the phenomena through the cooperation between two national parks, Parc National des Pyrénées in France and Parque Nacional Ordesa Monte Perdido in Spain. The theoretical framework used in this essay is based upon border theory, focusing on the different factors that influence the behavior of the border dweller and how the different social conceptions of nature influence the way it is managed. The results in this study result from researching published and private documents from the national parks and interviews carried out with staff from the park administrations from both countries. The collaboration between these two national parks dates back twenty years and the cooperation has been carried out in many small projects. Historical ties between the villages in the border region, which also shares a common culture and lingual heritage, have inspired the cooperation. There are also economical benefits that influence the collaboration, such as the European Union’s regional policy that provides funds for transboundary cooperation. A mutual world heritage site, Pyrénées – Mont Perdu, is also situated within the parks’ territories, which should be managed conjointly by the national parks. However, an in-depth and well-integrated cooperation has not been found, as difference in the nature and how the organizations themselves are managed and regulated has generated a long and complicated course for decisions regarding cooperation. It appears that even if nature itself might be boundless, the national jurisdictions that prevail over nature are clearly adhered to and there are no available transboundary structures designed to handle a cooperation of this kind.

Gränsöverskridande naturvård är ett relativt nytt koncept som alltmer ökat i popularitet och även inlemmats i flera stora internationella organisationers naturvårdspolicy. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka gränsöverskridande naturvård mellan två angränsande nationalparker, Parc National des Pyrénées i Frankrike och Parque Nacional Ordesa Monte Perdido i Spanien. Uppsatsen har utgått ifrån gränsteoretiska utgångspunkter i form av vilka faktorer som påverkar gränsbeteendet och med särskilt fokus på hur föreställningar om naturen påverkar hur denna förvaltas. Samarbetet har granskats genom dokument publicerade av parkerna samt genom intervjuer med personal i de båda parkerna. Nationalparkerna har under drygt tjugo år haft en viss samverkan som konkretiserats genom flera småskaliga projekt. Samarbetet har inspirerats av en historisk samverkan mellan byarna i gränsregionen som har ett gemensamt språk och kulturarv samt ekonomiska incitament i form av den Europeiska Unionens stöd för samverkan mellan gränsregioner. Inom nationalparkernas område återfinns även ett gemensamt världsarv, Pyrénées – Mont Perdu, som skall förvaltas av nationalparkerna tillsammans. Studien visar dock att en fördjupad samverkan mellan parkerna inte har kunnats implementeras i praktiken, eftersom naturen förvaltas och regleras på olika sätt i de båda nationalparkerna. Skillnader mellan Parc National des Pyrénées och Parque Nacional Ordesas förvaltningsstruktur och administrationssätt gör att beslutsvägen för samarbetsfrågor blir lång och komplicerad. Även om naturen själv är gränslös, visar studien att de bestämmelser som råder över den, är starkt bundna till den nationella organisationsformen och att det i nuläget inte finns någon gränsöverskridande struktur som kan hantera frågor av detta slag.

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44

Patrício, Maria João Canteiro. "Arrábida antes e agora: monitorização da paisagem. Repeat photography e registo de alterações". Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8251.

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45

Ferraby, Rose. "Stone exposures : a cultural geology of the Jurassic Coast". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18951.

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People have varied and complex relationships with stone, in its raw geology and in its altered forms. Often, however, in cultural contexts, stone remains in the background, as a taken for granted and unremarkable element of the material world. In this thesis, stone moves into the foreground. The research presented here explores how close attention to those who work intimately with stone can disclose unexpected and absorbing stories. The cultural geologies extracted and presented in this thesis cast light on the diversity of ways in which people relate to, and with, the land; and experiment with a range of different ways in which these relations can be narrated. Set on the Jurassic Coast, in the south west of England, the stone exposures that emerge along the margin between land and sea offer a productive site for developing a cultural geological approach. The limestones, shales and clays are framed, in this work, by the narratives of quarrymen and geologists. The work explores how their particular knowledges are formed, and how they exist within wider historical and ecological understandings. Their narratives bring the stratigraphy to life, and draw attention to the hidden worlds within it. The different priorities and perspectives of quarrymen and geologists are shown to lead in different directions, interweave, or run parallel. The very specific languages and descriptions they employ reveal a level of complexity and richness of detail that is mirrored in the stone. Using an approach that combines close observation and creative practice, this study examines stone at a variety of scales, and in different contexts. The work engages with specific stone types, landscapes, voids, buildings and objects. Processes of working stone through practices of lettering, sculpture and masonry elicit understandings of the material that reach far beneath its surface. The absent spaces of quarries are then explored, showing how voids can be animated with knowledge, and how destructive processes can generate creative potential, when sensitively worked and considered. Lastly, the study draws all these ideas together in a discussion of stone assemblages in buildings, to see how voices from geology and quarrying can foster greater understanding of how buildings were constructed in the past, and how we conserve them into the future.

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46

CACACI, ELISA. "Verso una rete dei Patrimoni UNESCO in Friuli Venezia Giulia". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2997298.

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Il progetto di ricerca portato avanti durante i tre anni di dottorato si propone di mettere in evidenza come, attraverso l’utilizzo di strumenti di governance reticolare, si possano migliorare il dialogo e la collaborazione tra elementi di eccellenza culturale e culturale-turistica, nello specifico Patrimoni ed eventualmente altri riconoscimenti UNESCO, amministratori locali e portatori d’interesse su scala territoriale/regionale, sfruttando anche strumenti di comunicazione innovativi come piattaforme web e social. Tutto ciò andando a favorire progetti e strategie comunicative e di valorizzazione comuni, in grado di implementare le ricadute positive date dal riconoscimento, migliorando le capacità e le possibilità di valorizzazione individuali e fornendo a cittadini e visitatori esperienze più articolate, attrattive ed integrate. Per raggiungere tale obiettivo, la ricerca (e di conseguenza la tesi) è stata suddivisa in quattro parti principali: la prima, la seconda e la terza sono caratterizzate da contenuti di tipo più analitico e mirano a definire il contesto entro il quale muoversi, le sue origini e le sue regole, mentre la quarta parte si configura in maniera più operativa e riguarda le proposte di intervento. Più nello specifico, la prima parte riguarda la contestualizzazione del mondo UNESCO, prima in maniera più generale andando ad individuare quali sono i suoi programmi e le sue liste, i suoi documenti principali e in particolare la Convenzione del Patrimonio Mondiale del 1972, poi in maniera più focalizzata sulla lista del Patrimonio Mondiale, individuando le tipologie di siti, i criteri di riconoscimento, approfondendo il tema dei beni seriali e il processo di candidatura a Patrimonio Mondiale, includendo anche l’evoluzione delle modalità di comunicazione (e dei loro obiettivi) messe in atto durante le diverse fasi. La seconda parte, invece, approfondisce il tema delle reti, cercando di farne una categorizzazione a seconda dei temi e degli obiettivi che interpretano e andando ad analizzare quelle che sono le reti regionali di Patrimoni UNESCO già esistenti in Italia e i loro strumenti di comunicazione. Successivamente, la terza parte introduce ed approfondisce il caso studio, ovvero il territorio del Friuli Venezia Giulia con i suoi Patrimoni Mondiali, le proposte di candidatura e gli altri riconoscimenti UNESCO. Infine, la quarta ed ultima parte si pone come obiettivo quello di individuare e proporre delle linee guida per la messa in rete di Patrimoni UNESCO in ambito territoriale (e, più nello specifico, regionale), anche in questo caso con un focus sulla comunicazione, testandole tramite la loro applicazione al caso del Friuli Venezia Giulia. Il risultato atteso di questa ricerca, dunque, è duplice: da una parte ci si prefigge di individuare delle linee guida comuni per la messa in rete di beni culturali d’eccellenza come i Patrimoni UNESCO anche a livello territoriale/regionale; dall’altra, l’obiettivo è capire come i nuovi strumenti di comunicazione (piattaforme web e social) possano supportare la valorizzazione di questi siti e di queste reti, andando ad avvicinarli ai cittadini che li abitano e ai possibili visitatori, coinvolgendoli maggiormente, agevolando il processo di visita e creando relazioni tra chi li gestisce e chi li abita/visita.
The research project carried out during the PhD program aims to highlight, through the use of network governance tools, how dialogue and collaboration between different stakeholders can be improved. In particular, focusing on World Heritage Sites (and other UNESCO recognitions), local administrators and stakeholders on a territorial / regional scale, taking into account also innovative communication tools such as web and social platforms. To achieve this goal, the research has been divided in four main parts: the first, second and third are characterized by a more analytical approach and aim to define the context and its rules, while the fourth part is configured in a more operational way regarding new proposals for intervention. More specifically, the first part is split in two sections: the first contextualizes UNESCO in the cultural field in a more general way, whereas the second focuses on the World Heritage list. The second part, on the other hand, explores network structures, trying to categorize them according to the themes and aims, analyzing also already existing regional UNESCO World Heritage Sites networks in Italy and their communication tools. In addition to that, the third part introduces the case study focusing on the territory of Friuli Venezia Giulia with its World Heritage Sites, the nominations and the other UNESCO recognitions. Eventually the fourth and last part aims to identify and propose guidelines in order to create a regional UNESCO World Heritage Sites network, focusing also on web communication. Subsequently, this guidelines are validated through their application to the case of Friuli Venezia Giulia. Therefore the expected result of this research is twofold: on one hand, the aim is to identify common guidelines for the networking of UNESCO World Heritage Sites also at a territorial / regional scale; on the other hand, the goal is to understand how the new communication tools (web and social platforms) can support the enhancement of these sites and networks.

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47

Ozaki, Ana G. "Rethinking Urban District Preservation: The Case of Bordeaux France". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1406880469.

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48

Pratasenia, Yury. "Angkorské chrámy a jejich vliv na cestovní ruch Kambodže". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-136268.

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The subject of this master thesis are Angkor temples which represent an invaluable cultural and historical heritage of Cambodia. The tourism of Cambodia grows constantly every year thanks to the vast flow of tourists coming to see Angkor. Angkor temples are among the most visited tourist sites in the world and Cambodia is the one of the poorest countries in Asia. The aim of this thesis s to show how one tourist site can effect the tourism of the whole country and how this country is using the potential of this site for in order to increase financial revenues instead of developing other regions of the country.

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49

Rebolledo, Lisa. "Le canal du Midi : un patrimoine paysager en évolution : une image, une stratégie de développement touristique, et un mode de gouvernance à repenser ?" Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H093.

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Construit dans le but de relier la Garonne à la mer Méditerranée à partir de 1666, et inscrit sur la liste du Patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO en 1996, le canal du Midi connaît aujourd'hui une nouvelle étape dans l'histoire de son évolution paysagère. En 2006, le chancre coloré, maladie du platane connue pour être incurable, est découvert. À terme, les 42 000 arbres de cette espèce ombrageant le canal, de Toulouse à l'étang de Thau, seraient menacés de disparition, leur abattage constituant pour le moment l'unique solution pour tenter d'enrayer l'infection. Alors qu'il est utilisé aujourd'hui presque exclusivement par le tourisme, on peut se demander quelles seront les conséquences de la disparition de la voûte verte formée par les platanes, alors qu'elle constitue une caractéristique fortement appréciée pour des raisons esthétiques et de confort. La disparition des platanes bordant le canal du Midi a mis en exergue de multiples dysfonctionnements liés à l'implication d'une pluralité d'acteurs aux objectifs parfois divergents et n'ayant jamais véritablement réussi à se fédérer autour d'une gouvernance globale. Cette thèse propose donc de questionner les enjeux liés à ce bouleversement et son influence sur le positionnement des acteurs des territoires traversés par l'ouvrage. J'envisage le chancre coloré comme un élément perturbateur qui laisse à lire des réalités différentes en fonction des échelles du territoire concerné par l'avenir du site canal du Midi, certains territoires révélant leur vulnérabilité mais d'autres pouvant démontrer leur capacité de résilience. Il peut également être un révélateur d'autres dynamiques liées à l'évolution de la gestion des territoires
Engineered from 1966 onwards in order to connect Garonne River to Mediterranean Sea, registered on UNESCO'S World Heritage List since May 1996, the Canal du Midi is now facing a new step of his landscape's evolution. In 2006, canker disease, which affects plane trees with no hope of recovery, is discovered. Sooner or later, the 42,000 plane trees which shadow the waterway, from Toulouse to the Thau Lagoon, will disappear, their removal being at present the only option for containing the spread of the disease. Nowadays, the Canal du Midi is used mostly for tourism purposes, so we can wonder what will be the consequences of the green canopy's disappearance, this one being highly appreciated for aesthetic and convenience reasons. The destruction of the plane trees has highlighted various failures related to the implication of multiple actors whose objectives are sometimes diverging, and who have never succeeded to agree on a common and global governance. The aim of this thesis is therefore to review the issues related to this upheaval and its consequences on local stakeholders positioning. Canker disease is thus considered as a disruptive factor which point out different field realities according to the scale of the territory involved in the Canal du Midi's future. Some of these territories show their vulnerability, while others exhibit resilience and capacity to adapt to this new environmental reality. It may also reveal other dynamics linked with the evolution of territorial management

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50

Chen, Yi-Jen. "Les sites taïwanais potentiellement éligibles au patrimoine mondial : perspectives et enjeux historique, politique, législatif et social". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3032.

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En 2003 et 2009, le Conseil des affaires culturelles de Taïwan a lancé puis relancé un projet de sélection de dix-huit sites taïwanais potentiellement éligibles au patrimoine mondial, un premier jeu en dehors du jeu du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO. Après une présentation brève des sites potentiels, nous essayerons de comprendre les causes historiques de l’exclusion de Taïwan du programme du patrimoine mondial, ce qui nous fera remonter à 1949 et à la séparation de Taïwan et de la Chine suite à la fin de la guerre civile chinoise : dès lors, la Chine sera gouvernée par le parti communiste, et Taïwan, refuge du gouvernement nationaliste déchu, vivra un isolement international. Dans ce contexte, le projet semble une possibilité de contourner les obstacles politiques. Or, le patrimoine mondial fait lui-même partie d’un jeu politique. Afin de jouer ce jeu, des sites taïwanais potentiels se rapprochent de la Chine ou du Japon pour une éventuelle collaboration ; nous examinerons le pourquoi du choix de ces deux pays et les possibilités et difficultés liées à ce partenariat. Au niveau international, la marge de manœuvre diplomatique étant réduite, il est primordial pour l’île de mettre en avant son soft power pour participer au patrimoine mondial de façon significative. Au niveau national, il nous faudra également examiner le mécanisme du projet des sites potentiels ; à cet égard, nous avons constaté plusieurs lacunes juridiques et financières. Mais le facteur humain est aussi à prendre en compte. En effet, ce projet est avant tout exécuté par différents acteurs, qui doivent absolument travailler de concert pour mener à bien le projet
In 2003 and 2009, the Taiwanese Council for Cultural Affairs started the project to select eighteen potential World Heritage Sites in Taiwan, the first step in the process that precedes UNESCO’s World Heritage selection process. After a brief presentation of the potential sites, we will try to understand the historical reasons for Taiwan’s exclusion from the World Heritage program. For this purpose, we will go back to 1949 when Taiwan was separated from China after a civil war. Thereafter, China would be governed by the communist party, and Taiwan, the refuge of the defeated nationalist government, would live in international isolation. In this context, the project seems to be an opportunity to overcome political obstacles. However, world heritage is itself political. In recognition of this reality, some potential sites are exploring possible collaboration with China or Japan. We will exam why these two countries and what the possibilities and difficulties are for these partnerships. At the international level, Taiwan has little leeway in the diplomatic domain, so it is primordial for the island to highlight its soft power and play a significant role in the world’s heritage. At the national level, we should also examine the mechanism of the potential sites project where we found many judicial and financial issues as well as human problems. In fact, this project is executed by different stakeholders, so it is essential for all of them to work in concert in order to ensure the project’s success. In addition to a strong judicial system to avoid any kind of possible fraud, education is crucial to raise citizens’ awareness of the heritage that they own

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