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Mole, Christopher. "Nineteen Fifty-Eight: Information Technology and the Reconceptualisation of Creativity". Cambridge Quarterly 40, n.º 4 (1 de diciembre de 2011): 301–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/camqtly/bfr030.
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Yuan, Aihua, Sylvie Crasquin-Soleau, Qinglai Feng y Songzhu Gu. "Latest Permian deep-water ostracods from southwestern Guangxi, South China". Journal of Micropalaeontology 26, n.º 2 (1 de octubre de 2007): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.26.2.169.
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Abstract. A very diverse ostracod fauna was discovered in the latest Permian strata of the Dongpan section, southwestern Guangxi, South China. Fifty-one species belonging to twenty-eight genera were identified and described, including two new species (Bairdia dongpanensis n. sp. and Spinomicrocheilinella anterocompressa n. sp). This type of assemblage, with nineteen palaeopsychrospheric species and four pelagic species, is the first world-wide deep-water ostracod fauna reported from the latest Permian strata and the first one recorded in the Permian of China. The palaeoenvironmental analysis allows one to propose an evaluation of the bathymetry variation along the Dongpan section.
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Costa, Roger Vinícius da Silva. "Suicide: “intentional” act of killing oneself? A review of nineteen theoretical arguments and fifty-eight definitions in seven natural languages". Scripta 26, n.º 57 (21 de noviembre de 2022): 101–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.2358-3428.2022v26n57p101-134.
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Perhaps intentionality is the most problematic category in the definition of suicide, however there still seems to be no literature review of relevant theoretical arguments and main dictionaries of different languages. Given this situation, the general objective of this study was to understand how to treat the category of intentionality in the definition of suicide. A qualitative, quantitative, exploratory and bibliographic methodology was used. A narrative review based on 27 authors from different areas included 19 theoretical arguments, organized on a matrix. 7 arguments are applicable in defense of the thesis that suicide is intentional, another 7 to defend the opposite thesis that this phenomenon is not intentional and the remaining 5 apparently in favor of either of the two. Moving forward to an integrative review guided by 8 criteria, 58 definitions of noun and/or verb were extracted from 36 monolingual, digital dictionaries of Portuguese, Spanish, English, French, Italian, German and Russian. 72.22% of the selected dictionaries refer to suicide as intentional, and 27.78%, including all Portuguese ones, do not characterize it as such. In the first group, intentionality was referred mostly by lexical items equivalent to “intentional”, “voluntary” and “deliberate”, as well as adverbs based on them. The conclusion is that it is not feasible to include intentionality in the definition of suicide, because academic and lexicographic sources lack consensus. It is recommended to overcome the qualitative and quantitative limitations of this study, as well as to consult more than one definition of suicide and in different languages.
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Doležalová, I., A. Lebeda, M. Dziechciarková, E. Křístková, D. Astley y C. C. M. van de Wiel. "Relationships among Morphological Characters, Isozymes Polymorphism and DNA Variability – the Impact on Lactuca Germplasm Taxonomy". Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 39, No. 2 (23 de noviembre de 2011): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3721-cjgpb.
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Fifty one accessions of nineteen Lactuca species, the hybrid L. serriola × L. sativa and the related species Mycelis muralis were evaluated for morphological variability, esterase (EST) polymorphism, Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and relative DNA content. Sixteen Lactuca accessions were classified taxonomically on the basis of morphology, isozyme analysis and AFLP. Twenty-eight bands (isoforms) of EST were recorded allowing 82% of accessions to be distinguished. The relative DNA content, measured using flow-cytometry (DAPI staining), ranged from 2.02 pg in L. capensis to 17.96 pg in L. canadensis. The results from AFLP analysis and the relative DNA content measurement corresponded well with recent taxonomic classification of the genus Lactuca.
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Sankoh, Foday Pinka. "ASSESSING CO-EDUCATION AND CHEMISTRY ATTAINMENT IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF SIERRA LEONE". International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 9, n.º 12 (23 de diciembre de 2021): 2054–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v9i12.el04.
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This study covered nineteen senior secondary schools in the Northern region of Sierra Leone. The study is aimed at assessing the comparative attainment of pupils in single-sex and co-educational schools. A desk study of secondary data wherein documents and records relating to appropriate data sources were studied to obtain background information on co-education and chemistry attainment. A sample size of eight hundred and fifty seven (857) pupils from nineteen (19) senior secondary schools in the Northern regions of Sierra Leone who sat to the chemistry papers in the WASSCE of 2019. The study revealed that the proportions of credit and above in chemistry for boys and girls in single-sex schools are significantly higher than those of their counterparts in co-educational schools, and that the proportion of bare pass for boys is higher than that of girls, irrespective of whether the pupils are in single-sex or co-educational schools. Girls should do better as well as boys in chemistry if given the opportunity to do it and if provided with adequate motivation.
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Szende, Katalin. "The Hungarian Atlas of Historic Towns". Historical Studies on Central Europe 1, n.º 2 (3 de diciembre de 2021): 260–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.47074/hsce.2021-2.10.
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This article surveys the work carried out in the past two decades on the Hungarian Atlas of Historic Towns in a Central European context. With its more than 550 atlases published in nineteen European countries in the last fifty years, the European Atlas of Historic Towns is one of the most comprehensive collaborative projects in the field of humanities. The countries of East Central Europe could join the project only after the fall of the Iron Curtain, and Hungary published its first atlas as late as 2010. In four subsequent project phases, the Hungarian atlas team has been working on nineteen atlases of eighteen towns, out of which eight have been published so far. The editors follow the standards set by the International Commission for the History of Towns and have adopted best practices represented by the Austrian, Polish and Irish atlas series. In addition to describing the source basis and the main methodological concerns, the article highlights examples of comparative urban research for which the atlases offer an unparalleled potential. The article also advocates a more extensive use of this exceptional resource.
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Sylva, Waribugo y Anyanwu A.C. Success. "Dimensionalizing the Information and Communication Technology Adoption Construct". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 3, n.º 1 (2014): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.31.1003.
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This study was conducted to determine the principal components of the information and communication technology (ICT) adoption practices in a developing country. A nineteen- item instrument was developed from extant current literature. Eight hundred and fifty copies of the structured questionnaire were administered to teaching and non-teaching staff of two faculties from the University of Port Harcourt and Rivers State University of Science and Technology, both located in Rivers State. Out of the number distributed, 435 were completed and returned. To determine the dimensions of ICT adoption, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted through the application of principal component analysis (PCA). From the analysis, three factors were extracted which account for 68.8% of the total variance. Thus, the researchers named the factors: virtual learning, e-learning and networking practices.
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Sohail Anwar, Asifa Karamat, Huma Batool, Wajid Ali Rafai, Atif Masood y Mohammad Saqib. "Osteoporosis in COPD: A reality." Professional Medical Journal 29, n.º 03 (28 de febrero de 2022): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2022.29.03.6825.
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Objective: To determine the frequency of Osteoporosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, (COPD). Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Husan Ara Unit, Gulab Devi Hospital Lahore. Period: July 2017 to January 2018. Material & Methods: One hundred fifty patients with COPD meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Bone mineral density (BMD) was calculated in each patient. Bone mineral density (BMD) was calculated via Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. Osteoporosis was labeled when value for BMD was found < –2.5 SD below the mean for young adults (T-score). Results: The mean age was 56.54+ 8.04 year. The majority (90.7%) of the patients were male and fourteen (9.3%) patients were female. The mean T-score was -2.07+ 0.76 SD. Twenty-two (14.7%) patients had BMD score within normal range, out of which nineteen were males and three were females. Fifty-seven (38.0%) patients were found to have osteopenia of which fifty-four were males and three were females. Seventy-one (47.3%) patients had osteoporosis with sixty-three males and eight females. Conclusion: Majority of the patients with COPD who had osteopenia and osteoporosis correlated with COPD severity stages and were males above 50 year age. The male preponderance highlights towards the increased incidence of smoking amongst them and perhaps the male oriented society in Pakistani culture.
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Lerman-Sagie, Tally, Pinchas Lerman, Masza Mukamel, Leonard Blieden y Marc Mimouni. "A Prospective Evaluation of Pediatric Patients With Syncope". Clinical Pediatrics 33, n.º 2 (febrero de 1994): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000992289403300201.
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Fifty-eight children with syncope were evaluated prospectively to determine the characteristics of syncope in the pediatric age group and the yield of various diagnostic tests. The age at first syncope ranged from 0.5 to 15 years. Twenty-five children presented after a single episode and 33 after multiple episodes. Ten had a history of breath-holding spells. Nineteen had a family history of syncope. A diagnosis was established in 53 patients (91%): vasodepressor (31), cardioinhibitory (13), tussive (3), hyperventilation (2), and mixed syncope (4). In five patients (9%), the cause remained unknown. The diagnosis was established from the history in 45 cases, by a positive oculocardiac reflex in 11, and by the head-up tilt test in four. We conclude that the cause of most cases of pediatric syncope is vasodepressor or cardioinhibitory and can be diagnosed by good history-taking. Costly evaluations are rarely necessary.
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Huang, Ying y Weishan Miao. "The Internationalization of Chinese English-Language Humanities and Social Science Journals". Journal of Scholarly Publishing 52, n.º 4 (julio de 2021): 273–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jsp.52.4.05.
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This paper surveys the status of Chinese English-language journals in the humanities and social sciences (HSS-CELJs). HSS-CELJs are an important vehicle for disseminating Chinese scholarly voices and culture throughout the world. We used a mixed-methods approach to investigate the status of HSS-CELJs according to a number of attributes: growth rate over time, type of publisher, discipline, region of publication, publishing frequency, independence versus co-publication, and inclusion in citation indexes. We discuss some of the challenges facing HSS-CELJ publishing and highlight several contradictions of internationalization in the Chinese context. As of March 2020, eighty-seven HSS-CELJs covered nineteen disciplines, among which economics (17 per cent) and law (13 per cent) accounted for the highest proportions. The establishment of HSS-CELJs has increased significantly since 2004. Fifty-two per cent of HSS-CELJs were jointly operated with international publishers under two different models of cooperation, and twenty-eight (32 per cent) were indexed in international databases.
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Carrington, Grace. "The May 1967 massacre in Guadeloupe". Journal of Romance Studies 22, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2022): 389–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jrs.2022.21.
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On 26 May 1967, French police opened fire on striking workers in Pointeà-Pitre, Guadeloupe, sparking a major uprising across the city. According to officials at the time, eight Guadeloupeans were killed during the unrest and many more were injured. However, a state cover-up means we may never know the true death toll. The French government blamed the violence on a clandestine independence movement (GONG) and tried nineteen activists before the French court of state security for threatening the territorial integrity of the French Republic. Fifty years later, the massacre has received little acknowledgement outside Guadeloupe. This paper will argue that a clearer understanding of the May 1967 massacre and its legacy demonstrates that Guadeloupe is not an anomaly, disconnected from twentieth-century decolonization. Instead, this event highlights the failures of nationalist movements in Guadeloupe and draws links to other struggles for self-determination in the Caribbean and Algeria, situating Guadeloupe within the wider narrative of global decolonization.
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Hems, Sharon, Louise Taylor, Jan Jones y Eileen Holmes. "OP242 Patient-based Evidence: A Comparison Of The Views Of Patient And Clinical Engagement Participants And Committee Members". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 37, S1 (diciembre de 2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462321000842.
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IntroductionThe Scottish Medicines Consortium (SMC) conducts early health technology assessment (HTA) of new medicines on behalf of NHSScotland. Evidence from patients and carers on end-of-life and orphan medicines is gathered during Patient and Clinician Engagement (PACE) meetings. The output is a consensus statement describing a medicine's added value from the perspective of patients/carers and clinicians, which is used by SMC committee members in decision-making. This study compared the importance of factors in the PACE statement to PACE participants and committee members.MethodsA survey of ninety-eight PACE participants (consisting of forty-two patient group (PG) representatives and fifty-six clinicians) investigated the importance of quality of life (QoL) themes (family/carer impact, health benefits, tolerability, psychological benefit, hope, normal life, treatment choice and convenience) identified from an earlier thematic analysis of PACE statements. The findings from PG representatives and clinicians were compared, and the overall results were further compared with those from a previous survey of committee members (n = 26).ResultsAmong PACE participants who responded (twenty-six PG representatives and fourteen clinicians), 100 percent rated ‘health benefits’ and ‘ability to take part in normal life’ as important / very important. ‘Convenience of administration’ and ‘treatment choice’ received the lowest rating with fifteen percent and nineteen percent respectively of PG representatives versus seven percent of clinicians rating each as very important. ‘Hope for the future’ received the most diverse response with fifty-eight percent of PG representatives and fourteen of clinicians rating this as very important.In general, PACE participants rated importance of QoL themes higher than committee members (n = 21) but the rank order was similar. Differences between the proportion of PACE participants and committee members who rated themes important/very important was greatest for ‘treatment choice’ (sixty-seven percent versus twenty percent respectively) and ‘hope for the future’ (eighty-two percent versus fifty-three percent).ConclusionsThe findings demonstrate some alignment between PACE participants’ and committee members’ responses, supporting the value of the PACE output in decision-making. Areas for further research are highlighted.
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Falla, Edel y Jennifer Gaultney. "PD20 Real-World Evidence To Support Single Arm Trials Of Oncology Interventions: Necessity or ‘NICE’ (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) to Have?" International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 38, S1 (diciembre de 2022): S96—S97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462322002811.
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IntroductionThe recent National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) consultation on methods for health technology evaluation (HTE) outlined plans to include guidance on the role of real-world evidence (RWE) in HTE. This is particularly pertinent for interventions where the evidence base consists of a single arm trial (SAT) design, which is more frequently observed in oncology. This study reviewed the influence of RWE submitted as part of the evidence base for NICE oncology appraisals.MethodsA search for NICE HTEs was conducted for interventions supported by SATs from January 2017-November 2021. Evidence was stratified by submission packages with SAT evidence alone or in combination with randomized controlled trial (RCT) evidence, with or without RWE.ResultsThirty-two decisions for interventions supported by SATs were made by NICE between 2017-2021, all in oncology indications. Fifty percent were supported by SAT evidence and fifty percent by RCT plus SAT evidence, both with or without RWE. A lower proportion of RCT/ SAT HTEs submitted RWE compared to SAT HTEs (fifty vs ninety four percent). Seventy five percent and nineteen percent of SAT HTEs received a positive recommendation, with and without restrictions, irrespective of submitting RWE. One negative decision was observed for SATs supported by RWE. Sixty three percent and thirty eight percent of RCT/ SAT HTEs received a positive recommendation, with and without restrictions. Overall, the proportion of positive recommendations were lower for HTEs submitting RWE (ninety six percent) compared to HTEs not submitting RWE (one hundred percent), which is in contrast to recent findings specific to orphan oncology HTEs (one hundred versus seventy eight percent).ConclusionsRWE was more commonly submitted to support SAT HTEs, than RCT HTEs. The use of RWE seems to be established as a necessity to supplement a SAT evidence base, whereas RWE is more generally a nice to have in RCT HTEs. However, RWE appears to positively influence decision-making for orphan oncology indications with a more neutral influence for non-orphan indications.
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Marcia, Lobsang, Zane W. Ashman, Eric B. Pillado, Dennis Y. Kim y David S. Plurad. "Advance Directive and Do-Not-Resuscitate Status among Advanced Cancer Patients with Acute Care Surgical Consultation". American Surgeon 84, n.º 10 (octubre de 2018): 1565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481808401005.
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Formal communication of end-of-life preferences is crucial among patients with metastatic cancer. Our objective is to describe the prevalence of advance directives (AD) and do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders among stage IV cancer patients with acute care surgery consultations, and the associated outcomes. This is a single institution retrospective review over an eight-year period. Two hundred and three patients were identified; mean age was 55.3 ± 11.4 years and 48.8 per cent were male. Fifty (24.6%) patients underwent exploratory surgery. Nineteen (10.6%) patients had another type of surgery. Twenty-one (10.3%) patients had a DNR order, and none had an AD on-admission. Fifty-four (26.6%) patients had a DNR order placed and four (2%) patients completed an AD postadmission. DNR postadmission was associated with the highest mortality at 42.6 per cent compared with 14.3 per cent for DNR on-admission and 1.56 per cent for full-code patients ( P < 0.001). Compared with patients that remained full-code and those with DNR on-admission, DNR postadmission was associated with longer length of stay (19.6 days; P < 0.001) and ICU length of stay (7.72 days; P < 0.001). The prevalence of AD and DNR orders among stage IV cancer patients is low. The higher in-hospital mortality of patients with DNR postadmission reflects the use of DNR orders during clinical decline.
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Silva, F. M. F., L. A. Castro, A. Silva Júnior, M. P. Moraes, M. A. S. Moreira y M. R. Almeida. "Detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in lungs and nasal swabs of pigs by nested PCR". Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 61, n.º 1 (febrero de 2009): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352009000100021.
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Fifty-four samples were collected from growing and finishing pigs for the molecular diagnosis of enzootic porcine pneumonia. Nineteen lung fragments were obtained from pigs that showed signs of respiratory disease and 35 nasal swabs were obtained from clinically healthy pigs. For the detection of the bacterial genome in the samples, the nested PCR technique was used to amplify a fragment of 706bp. This fragment was subsequently cloned and sequenced. The sequence of obtained nucleotides was compared with six other sequences of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and 11 sequences of other bacteria available in the Genbank. To measure the sensitivity of the nested PCR, serial dilutions (10-1 to 10-15) of cloned fragments were conducted based on the concentration of 300ng. Ten lung fragments and eight nasal swabs showed positive for M. hyopneumoniae and the limit of detection was estimated to be 0.3fg DNA cloned. The sequence of nucleotides obtained showed 99.1% homology with the other sequences of M. hyopneumoniae, demonstrating that the nested PCR used in this study may provide an important diagnostic tool for the detection of this agent.
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Batista, Sávio José Silva, Ananda Maria Pinto Gomes, Theresa Kalliny Lima de Oliveira, Tatiana Caroline Lima Lobato, Jaynne de Souza Dantas, Fabyanne Guimarães de Oliveira, Cleiton de Souza Mendes, Maria Joana Nunes de Azevedo, Renato dos Santos Reis y Danielle Albuquerque Pires Rocha. "Home Self-collection to test for Human Papillomavirus and Chlamydia trachomatis infection in riverside women in Amazonas". Research, Society and Development 12, n.º 3 (5 de marzo de 2023): e16412340171. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i3.40171.
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Women living in rural areas of Amazonas - the riverine - have difficulty accessing adequate health care, aggravating their vulnerability in the face of various pathological processes, such as cervical cancer and sexually transmitted infections. Strategies that expand coverage of screening and early diagnosis are welcome. To evaluate the prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in riverside women from Coari City, Amazonas, in samples obtained by self-collection and to verify the acceptance of this method among the participants. Fifty eight riverside communities were visited, with a “house-to-house” approach. The samples were obtained with a COARI® brush (Kolplast®) and the diagnosis of pathogens was made by Polymerase Chain Reaction. Four hundred and nineteen sexually active women aged between 18 and 70 years old (34.4 ± 12.1) participated in the study. The prevalence of CT in this population sample was 1.1% and that of HPV was 15.7%. We observed a low prevalence of CT and a high prevalence of HPV among participating women, in addition to a good acceptance of self-collection among them.
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Peatling, G. K. "Who fears to speak of politics? John Kells Ingram and hypothetical nationalism". Irish Historical Studies 31, n.º 122 (noviembre de 1998): 202–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400013912.
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John Kells Ingram was born in County Donegal in 1823. His ancestry was Scottish Presbyterian, but his grandparents had converted to Anglicanism. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin, the most prestigious academic institution in nineteenth-century Ireland. In a brilliant academic career spanning over fifty years he proceeded to occupy a succession of chairs at the college. His published work included an important History of political economy (1888), and he delivered a significant presidential address to the economics and statistics section of the British Association for the Advancement of Science (1878). Ingram influenced, and was respected by, many contemporary social and economic thinkers in the British Isles and elsewhere. In an obituary one of Ingram’s friends exaggerated only slightly in describing him as ‘probably the best educated man in the world’. Yet contemporary perspectives on Ingram’s career were warped by one act of his youth which was to create a curious disjunction in his life. In 1843, when only nineteen years old, Ingram was a sympathiser with the nationalist Young Ireland movement. One night, stirred by the lack of regard shown for the Irish rebels of 1798 by the contemporary O’Connellite nationalist movement, he wrote a poem entitled ‘The memory of the dead’, eulogising these ‘patriots’. Apparently without much thought, Ingram submitted the poem anonymously to the Nation newspaper. It appeared in print on 1 April 1843 and, better known by its first line, ‘Who fears to speak of ’Ninety-Eight?’, became a popular Irish nationalist anthem.
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Byrnes, Kathleen, Armen Khararjian, Abul A. S. R. Mannan, Michael Arnold y Lysandra Voltaggio. "Young-Onset Ischemic Colitis: A Condition of Elusive Etiology Frequently Associated With Immune Dysregulation". International Journal of Surgical Pathology 28, n.º 4 (23 de diciembre de 2019): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066896919894671.
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Ischemic colitis (IC) associates with older age, hypertension, and heart disease, among others. Young-onset IC is rare. We aimed to delineate clinical characteristics of young patients (<40 years) with IC. Cases from 1984 to 2017 were re-reviewed. Of the 60 cases available, 52% (n = 31) had histologic features of IC. Fifty-five percent were female with a mean age of 32 (range = 14-40) years. Fifty-eight percent (n = 18) were resections. The most common presentations were diarrhea and abdominal pain. Three teenagers had IC associated with prior surgery, volvulus, and constipation. In the 21- to 40-year group, 43% (n = 12) lacked clinical associations. A second subset (n = 6, 21%) had histories of immune dysregulation (lupus, dermatomyositis, vasculitis) and poorly controlled HIV/AIDS (n = 5, 18%). Smoking and cocaine were endorsed by 1 and 2 patients, respectively. One patient had premature atherosclerosis while another had HMG Co-A lyase deficiency. Vasculitis was identified in 22% of the resections and in none of the biopsies. Nineteen percent of patients died (n = 6) from complications of IC, all treated surgically, including 1 patient previously misdiagnosed as ulcerative colitis; 2 patients died of unrelated causes. While rare before 20 years of age, IC in teenagers relates to mechanical issues and is rare in children. Associations in young adults include immune dysregulation, cocaine and cigarette use, and premature atherosclerosis. Our retrospective cohort had a surgical mortality rate within the range reported by others, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis in young individuals.
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Gill, K. S., E. L. Lubbers, B. S. Gill, W. J. Raupp y T. S. Cox. "A genetic linkage map of Triticum tauschii (DD) and its relationship to the D genome of bread wheat (AABBDD)". Genome 34, n.º 3 (1 de junio de 1991): 362–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g91-058.
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One hundred and seventy-eight loci have been mapped in Triticum tauschii (Coss.) Schmal. (2n = 14, DD) and Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell. (2n = 42, AABBDD). Thirty-five loci were mapped by aneuploid analysis in T. aestivum. One hundred and fifty-two loci, including 143 restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), 8 proteins, and 1 leaf rust resistance gene, were mapped in an F2 population (60 plants) of T. tauschii. One hundred and twenty-seven loci were placed in linkage groups belonging to seven D-genome chromosomes of T. tauschii. The source of the probes was a PstI genomic library of T. tauschii, which gave 13% single-low copy clones. Four restriction endonucleases (DraI, EcoRI, EcoRV, HindIII) gave 75% polymorphism between the two parents. Nineteen clones detected multiloci ranging from two to nine in number. Deletions–insertions and point mutations were equally important for generating RFLPs. A hypervariable sequence was identified, which may have potential use in varietal fingerprinting. One marker was found to be linked to a rust-resistance gene. The map will be useful for determining genetic relationships in the Triticeae and for tagging genes of economic importance.Key words: restriction fragment length polymorphism, Triticum aestivum, leaf rust, isozymes, Aegilops squarrosa.
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Hudson, Adam M., Jay Quade, Tyler E. Huth, Guoliang Lei, Hai Cheng, Lawrence R. Edwards, John W. Olsen y Hucai Zhang. "Lake Level Reconstruction for 12.8–2.3 ka of the Ngangla Ring Tso Closed-Basin Lake System, Southwest Tibetan Plateau". Quaternary Research 83, n.º 1 (enero de 2015): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.012.
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AbstractWe present a shoreline-based, millennial-scale record of lake-level changes spanning 12.8–2.3 ka for a large closed-basin lake system on the southwestern Tibetan Plateau. Fifty-three radiocarbon and eight U–Th series ages of tufa and beach cement provide age control on paleoshorelines ringing the basin, supplemented by nineteen ages from shell and aquatic plant material from natural exposures generally recording lake regressions. Our results show that paleo-Ngangla Ring Tso exceeded modern lake level (4727 m asl) continuously between ~ 12.8 and 2.3 ka. The lake was at its highstand 135 m (4862 m asl) above the modern lake from 10.3 ka to 8.6 ka. This is similar to other closed-basin lakes in western Tibet, and coincides with peak Northern Hemisphere summer insolation and peak Indian Summer Monsoon intensity. The lake experienced a series of millennial-scale oscillations centered on 11.5, 10.8, 8.3, 5.9 and 3.6 ka, consistent with weak monsoon events in proxy records of the Indian Summer Monsoon. It is unclear whether these events were forced by North Atlantic or Indian Ocean conditions, but based on the abrupt lake-level regressions recorded for Ngangla Ring Tso, they resulted in significant periodic reductions in rainfall over the western Tibetan Plateau throughout the Holocene.
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John, B., Rakesh Gupta y Abhishek Pandey. "Endocrinological Abnormalities and Growth Impairment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children". Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 13, n.º 01 (16 de enero de 2018): 063–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1617414.
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Background Pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an important emerging disease and many children are surviving into adulthood with effective antiretroviral therapy. Growth dysregulation is common in these children and endocrine abnormalities are likely to be a possible comorbidity. There is a paucity of data on these endocrinological abnormalities in this population. Against this background, a study to evaluate the endocrinological profile in HIV-infected children and its relationship with growth failure was performed. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in children less than 18 years attending the pediatric HIV clinic at a tertiary care hospital in central India. Blood samples for T3, T4, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), growth hormone (GH), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), cortisol, and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) were collected during routine visit, preserved at –70°C, and subsequently assayed. Statistical analysis for the data with respect to the endocrinological abnormalities and growth failure was performed. Results A total of 100 children were included in the study. The prevalence of growth failure was high. Nineteen percent children had height less than − 3 standard deviation (SD) and 59% children had height less than 2SD. The prevalence of endocrinological abnormalities was also high. Fifty-four percent children had low T3 levels, 12% had low T4 levels, 4% had high TSH levels, 44% had low cortisol levels, and 25% had low DHEA. Fifty-eight percent children had low GH levels, while IGFBP3 levels were low in the entire cohort. There was a statistically significant association between growth failure and levels of T3 and GH. Conclusion Our results show a high prevalence of growth failure and endocrinological abnormalities in HIV-infected children. A significant association between growth failure and endocrine abnormalities was found for T3 and GH.
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Streese, Lukas, Hansjörg Habisch, Arne Deiseroth, Justin Carrard, Denis Infanger, Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss, Tobias Madl y Henner Hanssen. "Lipoprotein Subclasses Independently Contribute to Subclinical Variance of Microvascular and Macrovascular Health". Molecules 27, n.º 15 (25 de julio de 2022): 4760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154760.
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Lipoproteins are important cardiovascular (CV) risk biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate the associations of lipoprotein subclasses with micro- and macrovascular biomarkers to better understand how these subclasses relate to atherosclerotic CV diseases. One hundred and fifty-eight serum samples from the EXAMIN AGE study, consisting of healthy individuals and CV risk patients, were analysed with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to quantify lipoprotein subclasses. Microvascular health was quantified by measuring retinal arteriolar and venular diameters. Macrovascular health was quantified by measuring carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Nineteen lipoprotein subclasses showed statistically significant associations with retinal vessel diameters and nine with PWV. These lipoprotein subclasses together explained up to 26% of variation (R2 = 0.26, F(29,121) = 2.80, p < 0.001) in micro- and 12% (R2 = 0.12, F(29,124) = 1.70, p = 0.025) of variation in macrovascular health. High-density (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as triglycerides together explained up to 13% (R2 = 0.13, F(3143) = 8.42, p < 0.001) of micro- and 8% (R2 = 0.08, F(3145) = 5.46, p = 0.001) of macrovascular variation. Lipoprotein subclasses seem to reflect micro- and macrovascular end organ damage more precisely as compared to only measuring HDL-C, LDL-C and triglycerides. Further studies are needed to analyse how the additional quantification of lipoprotein subclasses can improve CV risk stratification and CV disease prediction.
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Creutzig, U., J. Ritter, H. Riehm, HJ Langermann, G. Henze, H. Kabisch, D. Niethammer, H. Jurgens, B. Stollmann y U. Lasson. "Improved treatment results in childhood acute myelogenous leukemia: a report of the German cooperative study AML-BFM-78". Blood 65, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 1985): 298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v65.2.298.298.
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Abstract One hundred fifty-one children with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) entered the cooperative study BFM-78 between December 1978 and October 1982. The initial therapy consisted of an intensive induction and consolidation regimen over eight weeks with seven different drugs and cranial irradiation. It was followed by maintenance with thioguanine and cytosine arabinoside for two years and additional Adriamycin during the first year. One hundred nineteen (79%) patients achieved a complete remission. Thirteen (9%) children died of early hemorrhages. After a median follow-up time of 36 (12 to 57) months, 47 relapses have occurred, with CNS involvement in seven cases. The life table analysis revealed a probability for overall survival after almost five years of 45% (SD, 4%), for event-free survival 41% (SD, 4%), and for the event- free interval 52% (SD, 5%). Up to now, no relapse was seen after 2 1/2 years. Risk factor analysis showed that early fatal hemorrhages occurred predominantly in children with M5 FAB type and with initial leukocytosis. An initial high WBC count and liver enlargement were unfavorable parameters for achieving remission. No factors could be identified concerning the risk for relapse. These data indicate that the applied treatment strategy is successful in inducing complete remissions in about three fourths of children with AML and also in enhancing considerably the chances for long-term remission.
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Creutzig, U., J. Ritter, H. Riehm, HJ Langermann, G. Henze, H. Kabisch, D. Niethammer, H. Jurgens, B. Stollmann y U. Lasson. "Improved treatment results in childhood acute myelogenous leukemia: a report of the German cooperative study AML-BFM-78". Blood 65, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 1985): 298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v65.2.298.bloodjournal652298.
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One hundred fifty-one children with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) entered the cooperative study BFM-78 between December 1978 and October 1982. The initial therapy consisted of an intensive induction and consolidation regimen over eight weeks with seven different drugs and cranial irradiation. It was followed by maintenance with thioguanine and cytosine arabinoside for two years and additional Adriamycin during the first year. One hundred nineteen (79%) patients achieved a complete remission. Thirteen (9%) children died of early hemorrhages. After a median follow-up time of 36 (12 to 57) months, 47 relapses have occurred, with CNS involvement in seven cases. The life table analysis revealed a probability for overall survival after almost five years of 45% (SD, 4%), for event-free survival 41% (SD, 4%), and for the event- free interval 52% (SD, 5%). Up to now, no relapse was seen after 2 1/2 years. Risk factor analysis showed that early fatal hemorrhages occurred predominantly in children with M5 FAB type and with initial leukocytosis. An initial high WBC count and liver enlargement were unfavorable parameters for achieving remission. No factors could be identified concerning the risk for relapse. These data indicate that the applied treatment strategy is successful in inducing complete remissions in about three fourths of children with AML and also in enhancing considerably the chances for long-term remission.
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Gailey, Robert S., Ignacio Gaunaurd, Sara J. Morgan, Anat Kristal, Geoffrey S. Balkman, Eavey M. Newton, Jose J. Palomo, Kevin M. Shay, Rana Salem y Brian J. Hafner. "A Comparison of the Two-Minute Walk Test (2MWT) and Comprehensive High-level Activity Mobility Predictor (CHAMP) in People with a Leg Prosthesis". Clinical Rehabilitation 36, n.º 5 (21 de diciembre de 2021): 703–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02692155211069323.
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Objective To determine if the two-minute walk test (2MWT) could serve as an alternative measure of high-level mobility in lower limb prosthesis users when circumstances preclude administration of the Comprehensive High-level Activity Mobility Predictor (CHAMP). Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Indoor recreational athletic field and gymnasium Subjects Fifty-eight adult lower limb prosthesis users with unilateral or bilateral lower limb amputation who participate in recreational athletic activities. Intervention N/A Main Measures The 2MWT and CHAMP while using their preferred prosthesis(es) on an indoor artificial athletic field or hardwood gymnasium floor. Results Thirty-nine men and nineteen women with a median age of 38.3 years participated in the study. Most participants experienced amputation(s) due to trauma (62%) or tumor (10%) and were generally higher functioning (K4 (91.4%) and K3 (8.6%)). The median (range) score for the CHAMP was 23.0 points (1.5–33.5) and the mean ± standard deviation (range) 2MWT distance walked was 188.6 ± 33.9 m (100.2–254.3 m). The CHAMP demonstrated a strong positive relationship with 2MWT (r = 0.83, p < 0.001). The 2MWT distance predicted 70% of the variance in CHAMP score. Conclusions Although the 2MWT does not test multi-directional agility like the CHAMP, they were found to be highly correlated. If space is limited, the two-minute walk test can serve as an alternative measure for assessing high-level mobility capabilities in lower limb prosthesis users.
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Akidan, Melih, Deniz Turgut Coban, Muhammet Kazım Erol y Uğur Balci. "Evaluation of Visual Field and Balance Function Alterations in Patients Who Underwent Dermatochalasis Surgery". Journal of Ophthalmology 2020 (15 de abril de 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1310947.
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Purpose. To compare perioperative visual field (VF), balance functions (BF), and changes in the other ocular parameters in patients undergoing upper eyelid dermatochalasis (DC) surgery. Methods. One hundred and fifty-eight eyes of 79 patients who underwent DC surgery were included in the study. The VF, BF, intraocular pressure (IOP), pachymetry (PM), macular, and optic nerve measurements were recorded. Measurements were repeated at postoperative month 1. The preoperative and postoperative ocular measurements and the balance data were compared. Results. Nineteen of 79 (24.05%) patients were male and 60 of 79 (75.95%) were female, while the mean age of the patients was 58.65 ± 7.38 years. There were statistically significant differences in terms of VF and macular thickness between the preoperative and postoperative values. The improvements in mean defect, standard loss variance, and mean sensitivity values of global VF parameters in both eyes were statistically significant after surgery. Central macular thickness, mean macular thickness, and macular volume decreased significantly in all eyes after surgery (p<0.05). Conclusions. Although a marked improvement was observed in VF and peripheral vision after surgery, no significant change was found in BF parameters including primarily falling risk. The significant change in the macular parameters was only remarkable, and we think that the decrease was due to subtle vasospasm. There is a need for further comprehensive studies including especially patients older than 65 with a view to understanding the effect of DC surgery on BF.
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Andri, A. "Survey of knowledge, attitude and behavior of homosexual seminar's audiences". European Psychiatry 26, S2 (marzo de 2011): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72217-9.
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ObjectiveTo know about knowledge, act and behavior of homosexual seminar audience about homosexual behavior.MethodThis was a cross sectional survey. Participants were chosen by purposive sampling method. Survey was conducted using list of questionnaires which was made according to references used in the seminar presentation.ResultOne hundred and sixty five participants conducted the survey. There were 77 males (46.7%) and 88 females (53.3%). The mean of age of the participants was 21.22 (SD 3.7). Most of the participants were college students (147 students, 89.1%) and never married before (96.4%). Sixty six participants (40%) said that homosexual behavior was induced by environmental situation, fifty eight participants (35.2%) said that it was a biological factor and rest of them did not answer the question. One hundred and four (63%) participants said that homosexual behavior could be cured, twenty four of participants (16.4%) said it could not be cured and the rest of them said did not have any idea. More than half of participants (87 participants, 52.7%) said that homosexual behavior was a mental disorder and most of the participants (87 participants, 79.4%) said that homosexual behavior need to be cured. Most of the participants said that they felt fine if they meet and talked with homosexual man or woman, nineteen participants felt afraid, ten participants felt disgust and twenty five participants felt pity on them.ConclusionMost of the participants considered homosexual behavior as mental disorder and need to be cured.
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Fiore, Maria Carola, Francesco Maria Raimondo, Francesco Mercati, Ignazio Digangi, Francesco Sunseri y Anna Scialabba. "Preserving Biodiversity in Marginal Rural Areas: Assessment of Morphological and Genetic Variability of a Sicilian Common Bean Germplasm Collection". Plants 9, n.º 8 (4 de agosto de 2020): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9080989.
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The historical cultivation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has resulted in the development of local populations/cultivars in restricted Italian rural areas. Many common bean landraces, still cultivated in small mountain areas from Sicily, have become outdated and endangered due to the commercial varieties spreading. These accessions are poorly known but often represent a genetic heritage to be preserved and enhanced. The ex situ conservation of fifty-seven Sicilian common bean landraces was carried out at the “Living Plants Germplasm Bank” at Ucria (Messina, Italy), founded by the Nebrodi Regional Park, together with the “Sicilian Plant Germplasm Repository” of University of Palermo (SPGR/PA). To assess the germplasm genetic diversity, nineteen morphological traits and eight Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) were used. Genetic distances among landraces were calculated to construct a clustering tree by using unweighted pair group method arithmetic (UPGMA). Seed germplasm diversity of Sicilian common bean varied from 80.7% to 93.3%, based on six seed descriptors and six leaf, flower, and pod descriptors, respectively, while cluster genetic analysis depicted a clear separation among all the 57 landraces. Principal coordinates (PCoA) and STRUCTURE analyses showed a prevalent rate of admixture between Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools in Sicilian common bean collection, confirming its heterogeneity. The observed high level of diversity evidenced the needs to adopt accurate criterion to plan a definitive ex situ germplasm collection to share agrobiodiversity with local farmers and to avoid any further loss of genetic resources in rural and protected areas.
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Maruscak, Mercedes, Barry Cohan, Linda Aghakhanian y Kalust Ucar. "Rituximab in the Treatment of Factor VIII Inhibitor." Blood 106, n.º 11 (16 de noviembre de 2005): 4064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4064.4064.
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Abstract Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen found on both malignant and normal B lymphocytes. It was given FDA approval in 1997 for relapsed or refractory, low grade or follicular, CD20+ non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. We report the use of selective B-cell depletion with Rituximab on a fifty-nine year old male with acquired Factor VIII inhibitor who failed to respond to convential therapy. The patient presented with compartment syndrome of the left calf due to spontaneous severe hematoma, and was subsequently hospitalized. The patient was found to have a PTT of 86, Factor VIII <3%, and Factor VIII inhibitor 108 b.u. The patient had completed forty-eight weeks of interferon and ribavirin for Hepatitis C one month prior to admission. The PTT was normal nineteen months prior when liver biopsies were obtained. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with acquired Factor VIII deficiency, thought to be secondary to either the Hepatitis C infection or the interferon therapy. He improved with Factor VIII concentrate therapy, but did not spontaneously recover from the inhibitor. He had minimal response to IVIG. Rituxin was subsequently started (intravenously at 375mg/m2) once a week for eight consecutive weeks, and repeated every six months. After four cycles, a consistent response was documented by increased Factor VIII activity (as high as 62%), and decreased Factor VIII inhibitor (stable at <0.5%). The treatment was well tolerated, and no infusion related side effects were observed. The patient did well with no bleeding on maintenance therapy for approximately twenty-one months. Unfortunately, two weeks after completion of the fourth cycle the patient suffered a ruptured AAA, and upon surgical intervention became unresponsive and a right cerebral infarct was identified. The patient’s family subsequently discontinued life support and the patient died. This experience suggests that further investigation of Rituximab therapy in this defined population might benefit similar patients.
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Bittar, Richard G., André Olivier, Abbas F. Sadikot, Frederick Andermann y David C. Reutens. "Cortical motor and somatosensory representation: effect of cerebral lesions". Journal of Neurosurgery 92, n.º 2 (febrero de 2000): 242–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2000.92.2.0242.
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Object. Changes in cortical representation in patients with cerebral lesions may alter the correlation between cortical anatomy and function. This is of potential clinical significance when the extent of cortical resection is based on surface anatomical landmarks.Methods. Fifty-one patients with supratentorial lesions were studied. Nineteen harbored noncentral lesions (no involvement of pre- or postcentral gyrus), whereas 32 had central lesions. Control studies consisted of stimulation of the hand contralateral to the unaffected hemisphere. Positron emission tomography activation studies were performed using the [15O]H2O tracer. Somatosensory stimulation of the hand or foot was performed using a mechanical vibrator. Motor activation consisted of hand clenching or foot tapping. The t-statistic volumes were generated from images showing the mean change in regional cerebral blood flow, and coregistered with a T1-weighted magnetic resonance image. At the threshold selected, exclusive contralateral primary sensorimotor cortex activation was elicited in 100% of the control studies. A different pattern of cortical activation was associated with central lesions in 35 (78%) of 45 patients, which occurred significantly more often than with noncentral lesions (eight [31%] of 26 patients). The most common difference in the pattern of activation with central lesions was activation of cortical regions outside the central area (including the supplementary sensorimotor area and the secondary somatosensory cortex). No sensorimotor activation was observed in gyri adjacent to the pre- or postcentral gyrus.Conclusions. Central lesions are more frequently associated with altered patterns in activation than lesions in noncentral locations. Characteristic patterns include activation of secondary sensorimotor areas. The absence of activation in gyri adjacent to the sensorimotor strip has clinical significance for the planning of resections in the central area.
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Dingemann, Carmen, Simon Eaton, Gunnar Aksnes, Pietro Bagolan, Kate M. Cross, Paolo De Coppi, JoAnne Fruithof et al. "ERNICA Consensus Conference on the Management of Patients with Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula: Diagnostics, Preoperative, Operative, and Postoperative Management". European Journal of Pediatric Surgery 30, n.º 04 (2 de julio de 2019): 326–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1693116.
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Introduction Many aspects of the management of esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) are controversial and the evidence for decision making is limited. Members of the European Reference Network for Rare Inherited Congenital Anomalies (ERNICA) conducted a consensus conference on the surgical management of EA/TEF based on expert opinions referring to the latest literature. Materials and Methods Nineteen ERNICA representatives from nine European countries participated in the conference. The conference was prepared by item generation, item prioritization by online survey, formulation of a final list containing the domains diagnostics, preoperative, operative, and postoperative management, and literature review. The 2-day conference was held in Berlin in October 2018. Anonymous voting was conducted via an internet-based system. Consensus was defined when 75% of the votes scored 6 to 9. Results Fifty-two items were generated with 116 relevant articles of which five studies (4.3%) were assigned as level-1evidence. Complete consensus (100%) was achieved on 20 items (38%), such as TEF closure by transfixing suture, esophageal anastomosis by interrupted sutures, and initiation of feeding 24 hours postoperatively. Consensus ≥75% was achieved on 37 items (71%), such as routine insertion of transanastomotic tube or maximum duration of thoracoscopy of 3 hours. Thirteen items (25%) were controversial (range of scores, 1–9). Eight of these (62%) did not reach consensus. Conclusion Participants of the conference reached significant consensus on the management of patients with EA/TEF. The consensus may facilitate standardization and development of generally accepted guidelines. The conference methodology may serve as a blueprint for further conferences on the management of congenital malformations in pediatric surgery.
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Heath, Laura, Sharon Yates, Matthew Carey y Mary Miller. "Palliative Care During COVID-19: Data and Visits From Loved Ones". American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® 37, n.º 11 (24 de julio de 2020): 988–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049909120943577.
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Objectives: A vital component of the coronavirus response is care of the dying COVID-19 patient. We document the demographics, symptoms experienced, medications required, effectiveness observed, and challenges to high-quality holistic palliative care in 31 patients. This will aid colleagues in primary and secondary care settings anticipate common symptoms and formulate management plans. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted of patients referred to the hospital palliative care service in a tertiary hospital, south east of England between March 21 and April 26, 2020. Patients included had a confirmed laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-Cov-2 or radiological evidence of COVID-19. Results: The thirty-one patients included were predominantly male (77%), elderly (median [interquartile range]: 84 [76-89]), and had multiple (4 [3-5]) comorbidities. Referral was made in the last 2 [1-3] days of life. Common symptoms were breathlessness (84%) and delirium (77%). Fifty-eight percent of patients received at least 1 “as required” dose of an opioid or midazolam in the 24 hours before death. Sixty percent of patients needed a continuous subcutaneous infusion and the median morphine dose was 10 mg S/C per 24 hours and midazolam 10 mg S/C per 24 hours. Nineteen percent of our cohort had a loved one or relative present when dying. Conclusion: We provide additional data to the internationally reported pool examining death arising from infection with SARS-CoV-19. The majority of patients had symptoms controlled with low doses of morphine and midazolam, and death was rapid. The impact of low visitation during dying needs exploring.
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Papadaki, Angeliki y Jane A. Scott. "The Mediterranean Eating in Scotland Experience project: evaluation of an Internet-based intervention promoting the Mediterranean diet". British Journal of Nutrition 94, n.º 2 (agosto de 2005): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20051476.
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A 6-month intervention study with a quasi-experimental design was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an Internet-based, stepwise, tailored-feedback intervention promoting four key components of the Mediterranean diet. Fifty-three (intervention group) and nineteen (control group) healthy females were recruited from the Universities of Glasgow and Glasgow Caledonian, Scotland, respectively. Participants in the intervention group received tailored dietary and psychosocial feedback and Internet nutrition education over a 6-month period, while participants in the control group were provided with minimal dietary feedback and general healthy-eating brochures. Internet education was provided via an innovative Mediterranean Eating Website. Dietary changes were assessed with 7 d estimated food diaries at baseline and 6 months, and data were analysed to calculate the Mediterranean Diet Score, a composite score based on the consumption of eight components of the traditional Mediterranean diet. The ‘intention-to-treat’ analyses showed that, at 6 months, participants in the intervention group had significantly increased their intake of vegetables, fruits and legumes, as well as the MUFA:saturated fatty acid ratio in their diet, and had significantly increased plasma HDL-cholesterol levels and a reduced ratio of total:HDL-cholesterol. Participants in the control group increased their intake of legumes but showed no other favourable significant changes compared with baseline. This Internet-based, tailored-feedback intervention promoting components of the Mediterranean diet holds promise in encouraging a greater consumption of plant foods, as well as increasing monounsaturated fat and decreasing saturated fat in the Scottish diet; it also shows that the Mediterranean diet can be adopted by healthy individuals in northern European countries.
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Dawson, Brittany y Zeina Azzam. "Interview with Dr. Yasser Abu Jamei: The Gaza Community Mental Health Programme". Journal of Palestine Studies 45, n.º 2 (2016): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2016.45.2.120.
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This October 2015 interview with director of the Gaza Community Mental Health Programme (GCMHP) Dr. Yasser Abu Jamei addresses how mental health professionals care for themselves and each other in an environment with little break from sustained conflict. Mental health workers in the Gaza Strip must cope with the resource shortage generated by the Israeli blockade and their own trauma while aiding others. The United Nations Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) estimates that over one-third of Gaza's children require direct and specialized psychosocial support as a result of Israel's Operation Protective Edge (OPE), the fifty-day war on Gaza in the summer of 2014, and earlier assaults. GCMHP provides services free of charge at clinics, community centers, and by phone via a twenty-four-hour hotline, and since its founding, has served more than twenty thousand Gazans with capacity-building programs and trainings, community education, scientific research, and human rights advocacy. GCMHP provided mental health support to the community both during and after each of the three large-scale Israeli assaults on Gaza (in 2008, 2012, and 2014), helping the community to work through both collective and individual trauma. Over twenty-one hundred Palestinians, five hundred of them children, were killed during OPE and another eleven thousand injured. During OPE an airstrike killed twenty-eight members of Abu Jamei's extended family, including nineteen children, as they broke their Ramadan fast. It was the largest loss of life within a single family at that point in the war. The structural damage was similarly catastrophic, leaving over one hundred thousand Gazans homeless. Long after the cease-fire, the psychological wounds sustained during consecutive assaults continue to disrupt everyday life.
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Sørbye, Halfdan, Bengt Glimelius, Åke Berglund, Tone Fokstuen, Kjell Magne Tveit, Morten Brændengen, Dagfinn Øgreid y Olav Dahl. "Multicenter Phase II Study of Nordic Fluorouracil and Folinic Acid Bolus Schedule Combined With Oxaliplatin As First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer". Journal of Clinical Oncology 22, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2004): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2004.05.188.
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Purpose This Nordic multicenter phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of oxaliplatin combined with the Nordic bolus schedule of fluorouracil (FU) and folinic acid (FA) as first-line treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients and Methods Eighty-five patients were treated with oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 as a 2-hour infusion on day 1, followed by a 3-minute bolus injection with FU 500 mg/m2 and, 30 minutes later, by a bolus injection with FA 60 mg/m2 every second week. The same doses of FU and FA were also given on day 2. Results Fifty-one of 82 assessable patients achieved a complete (n = 4) or partial (n = 47) response, leading to a response rate of 62% (95% CI, 52% to 72%). Nineteen patients showed stable disease, and 12 patients had progressive disease. Thirty-eight of the 51 responses were radiologically confirmed 8 weeks later (confirmed response rate, 46%; 95% CI, 36% to 58%). The estimated median time to progression was 7.0 months (95% CI, 6.3 to 7.7 months), and the median overall survival was 16.1 months (95% CI, 12.7 to 19.6 months) in the intent-to-treat population. Neutropenia was the main adverse event, with grade 3 to 4 toxicity in 58% of patients. Febrile neutropenia developed in seven patients. Nonhematologic toxicity consisted mainly of neuropathy (grade 3 in 11 patients and grade 2 in another 27 patients). Conclusion Oxaliplatin combined with the bolus Nordic schedule of FU+FA (Nordic FLOX) is a well-tolerated, effective, and feasible bolus schedule as first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer that yields comparable results compared with more complex schedules.
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Yazji, Bashour, Nha Voduc, Sunita Mulpuru y Juthaporn Cowan. "Pulmonary sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection and factors associated with persistent abnormal lung function at six months after infection: Prospective cohort study". PLOS ONE 17, n.º 11 (17 de noviembre de 2022): e0277624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277624.
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Background Information on the long-term pulmonary sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 infection is limited. Methods Prospective cohort study of hospitalized and non-hospitalized adult patients age >18 with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection by RT-PCR three months prior to enrolment between June and December 2020. Participants underwent full pulmonary function test (PFT), cardiopulmonary exercise testing at 3 months and 6 months. Primary outcome was mean differences of forced vital capacity (FVC), diffuse capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and oxygen consumption (VO2) at 6 vs. 3 months. Secondary outcomes were respiratory outcomes classified into 5 clinical groups–no lung disease, resolved lung disease, persistent lung disease, PFT abnormalities attributable to pre-existing lung disease or other factors, and mild PFT abnormalities of uncertain clinical significance. Results Fifty-one, 30 hospitalized and 21 non-hospitalized, participants were included. Median age was 51 years; 20 (39.2%) were female. Mean (±SD) percent predicted values of FVC, DLCO and VO2 at 3 vs 6-month-visits were 96.2 ± 15.6 vs. 97.6 ± 15.5, 73.74 ±18 vs. 78.5 ± 15.5, and 75.5 ± 18.9 vs. 76.1 ± 21.5, respectively. Nineteen (37%) patients had physiologic and/or radiographic evidence of lung disease at 3 months with eight (15.7%) continuing to have persistent disease at 6 months. History of diabetes, hypertension, ICU admission and elevated D-Dimer levels were associated with persistent lung disease at 6 months. Interpretation Persistent lung disease at 6 months post SARS-CoV-2 infection exists. Changes of lung function between 3- and 6-months are not significant. A longer follow-up is required to determine long-term prognosis.
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Wang, Yanbo, Xiaoyun Du, Minxiao Liu, Yanju Li, Zhong Shang, Lingling Zhao, Xiaoli Yu et al. "Genome-Wide Exploration of the Ethylene-Responsive Element-Binding Factor Gene Family in Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.): Preliminarily Unveiling Insights into Normal Development and Fruit Cracking". Horticulturae 10, n.º 3 (3 de marzo de 2024): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10030247.
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The ERF subfamily, a significant part of the APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element-binding factor (AP2/ERF) transcription family, plays a crucial role in plant growth, development, and stress responses. Despite its importance, research on this gene family in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is limited. This study identified and analyzed the sweet cherry ERF subfamily in terms of classification, physicochemical properties, structural characteristics, chromosome distribution, gene replication and collinearity, Cis-acting elements, and potential protein interactions. Preliminary investigations of transcription during fruit cracking and normal development were also conducted. Fifty ERFs (PatiERF1~50) were identified, distributed unevenly across eight chromosomes and classified into ten groups with nineteen conserved motifs. Collinearity analysis with other plant species revealed homology, with the highest number of ERF orthologous genes found in apple (Malus domestica L.). Cis-acting elements, particularly abscisic acid response factor, were abundant in PatiERF promoters. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis indicated the involvement of PatiERFs in sweet cherry fruit development and cracking, and nine and four significant candidates related to these processes were speculated, respectively. Furthermore, four other classes of transcription factors (TFs), namely MYB, GRAS, BHLH, and BZIP, as well as 23 structure genes, were predicted to have co-expression and interaction relationships with PatiERFs during fruit development. This suggests their potential synergistic regulation with ERFs in the cherry fruit development process. Our study represents the first comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the ERF subfamily in sweet cherry, laying a crucial foundation for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms correlated with fruit growth, development, and cracking mediated by ERF genes.
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Sulaiman, Saad J. y Hanady J. Mahmood. "Assessment of Factors Causing Mortality Rate of Neonate in Al-Batool Teaching Hospital in Mosul City". Kufa Journal for Nursing Sciences 3, n.º 2 (25 de agosto de 2013): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36321/kjns.vi20132.2463.
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Objective: The study aim to find out the neonatal mortality rate among the neonates admitted for a period year to the neonatal intensive care unit in Al-Batool Teaching Hospital in Mosul city. Methodology: A retrospective study the sample collecting of review the register for neonate intensive care unit in AL-Batool Teaching Hospital through one year 2010 (January-December). It registry (341) deaths of neonate. Were (180) male, and (161) female with duration of stay in Neonate Intensive Care Unit between (1-3) days old. Data collected for period of (1/12/2011) to (25/1/2012). Results: of the (23198) infant admitted to intensive care unit at Al-Batool Teaching Hospital in Mosul City within one year 2010 (January to December), 341 died. The 4 common causative illnesses were respiratory distress syndrome (42 %), prematurity (19%) and congenital abnormality (14%) and low birth weight (11%). Ninety three percent of deaths of neonate occurred within the first three days of their life. The mortality rate increased with the low in birth weight, as well as gestational age between (29-30Wks). For early-neonatal mortality, odds were observed for birth weight less than 2,500 g or gestation less than 35 weeks. Conclusion: This study concluded that over a quarter of mother age were (31-35) years old (twenty seven percent), while, the thirty eight percent of neonate were died within three days after born. The predominance of males for death (Fifty three percent) and (twenty nine percent) of them birth weight was (500 - 999 g). Sixty eight percent were delivered of normal vaginal delivery, with very high case fatality rate (Twenty five) those who were delivered (29th - 30th) weeks. Respiratory distress was the commonest primary diagnosis (Forty two percent) among all admitted neonates, followed by premature (Nineteen percent), congenital malformations (Fourteen percent), and low birth weight (Eleven percent). Recommendation: This study recommended that a need for great efforts to determine and reduce risk factors associated with neonatal mortality, and to adequately evaluate the medical and nursing care provided in neonate intensive care units. A neonatal care for pregnant woman is the key for safe neonatal life.
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Akkour, Khalid, Ibrahim O. Alanazi, Assim A. Alfadda, Hani Alhalal, Afshan Masood, Mohthash Musambil, Anas M. Abdel Rahman et al. "Tissue-Based Proteomic Profiling in Patients with Hyperplasia and Endometrial Cancer". Cells 11, n.º 13 (5 de julio de 2022): 2119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11132119.
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Uterine cancers are among the most prevalent gynecological malignancies, and endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common in this group. This study used tissue-based proteomic profiling analysis in patients with endometrial cancer and hyperplasia, and control patients. Conventional 2D gel electrophoresis, followed by a mass spectrometry approach with bioinformatics, including a network pathway analysis pipeline, was used to identify differentially expressed proteins and associated metabolic pathways between the study groups. Thirty-six patients (twelve with endometrial cancer, twelve with hyperplasia, and twelve controls) were enrolled in this study. The mean age of the participants was 46–75 years. Eighty-seven proteins were significantly differentially expressed between the study groups, of which fifty-three were significantly differentially regulated (twenty-eight upregulated and twenty-five downregulated) in the tissue samples of EC patients compared to the control (Ctrl). Furthermore, 26 proteins were significantly dysregulated (8 upregulated and 18 downregulated) in tissue samples of hyperplasia (HY) patients compared to Ctrl. Thirty-two proteins (nineteen upregulated and thirteen downregulated) including desmin, peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase A, and zinc finger protein 844 were downregulated in the EC group compared to the HY group. Additionally, fructose bisphosphate aldolase A, alpha enolase, and keratin type 1 cytoskeletal 10 were upregulated in the EC group compared to those in the HY group. The proteins identified in this study were known to regulate cellular processes (36%), followed by biological regulation (16%). Ingenuity pathway analysis found that proteins that are differentially expressed between EC and HY are linked to AKT, ACTA2, and other signaling pathways. The panels of protein markers identified in this study could be used as potential biomarkers for distinguishing between EC and HY and early diagnosis and progression of EC from hyperplasia and normal patients.
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Yu, Jinxing, Ann S. Fulcher, Sarah Winks, Mary A. Turner, William Behl, Anna Lee Ware, Nitai D. Mukhopadhyay et al. "Utilization of Multiparametric MRI of Prostate in Patients under Consideration for or Already in Active Surveillance: Correlation with Imaging Guided Target Biopsy". Diagnostics 10, n.º 7 (29 de junio de 2020): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10070441.
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This study sought to assess the value of multiparametric magnetic resonance image (mp-MRI) in patients with a prostate cancer (PCa) Gleason score of 6 or less under consideration for or already in active surveillance and to determine the rate of upgrading by target biopsy. Three hundred and fifty-four consecutive men with an initial transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy-confirmed PCa Gleason score of 6 or less under clinical consideration for or already in active surveillance underwent mp-MRI and were retrospectively reviewed. One hundred and nineteen of 354 patients had cancer-suspicious regions (CSRs) at mp-MRI. Each CSR was assigned a Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score based on PI-RADS v2. One hundred and eight of 119 patients underwent confirmatory imaging-guided biopsy for CSRs. Pathology results including Gleason score (GS) and percentage of specimens positive for PCa were recorded. Associations between PI-RADS scores and findings at target biopsy were evaluated using logistic regression. At target biopsy, 81 of 108 patients had PCa (75%). Among them, 77 patients had upgrading (22%, 77 of 354 patients). One hundred and forty-six CSRs in 108 patients had PI-RADS 3 n = 28, 4 n = 66, and 5 n = 52. The upgraded rate for each category of CSR was for PI-RADS 3 (5 of 28, 18%), 4 (47 of 66, 71%) and 5 (49 of 52, 94%). Using logistic regression analysis, differences in PI-RADS scores from 3 to 5 are significantly associated with the probability of disease upgrade (20%, 73%, and 96% for PI-RADS score of 3, 4, and 5, respectively). Adding mp-MRI to patients under consideration for or already in active surveillance helps to identify undiagnosed PCa of a higher GS or higher volume resulting in upgrading in 22%.
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Tsai, Chiaojung Jillian, Yucai Wang, Pamela K. Allen, Anita Mahajan, Ian E. McCutcheon, Ganesh Rao, Laurence D. Rhines et al. "Outcomes After Surgery and Radiotherapy for Spinal Myxopapillary Ependymoma". Neurosurgery 75, n.º 3 (12 de mayo de 2014): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000000408.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: The role of radiotherapy after surgery for myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE) is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To review long-term outcomes after surgery, with or without radiation, for spinal MPE. METHODS: Fifty-one patients with spinal MPE treated from 1968 to 2007 were included. Associations between clinical variables and overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and local control (LC) were tested with Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis was 35 years (range, 8-63 years). Twenty patients (39%) had surgery alone, 30 (59%) had surgery plus radiotherapy (RT), and 1 (2%) had RT only. At a median follow-up of 11 years (range, 0.2-37 years), 10-year OS, PFS, and LC for the entire group were 93%, 63%, and 67%, respectively. Nineteen patients (37%) had disease recurrence, and the recurrence was mostly local (79%). Twenty-eight of 50 patients who had surgery (56%) had gross total resection; 10-year LC was 56% after surgery vs 92% after surgery and RT (log-rank P = .14); the median time of LC was 10.5 years for patients receiving gross total resection plus RT, and 4.75 years for gross total resection only (P = .03). Among 16 patients with subtotal resection and follow-up data, 10-year LC was 0% after surgery vs 65% for surgery plus RT (log-rank P = .008). On multivariate analyses adjusting for resection type, age older that 35 years at diagnosis and receipt of adjuvant radiation were associated with improved PFS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.14, P = .003 and HR: 0.45, P = .009) and LC (HR: 0.22, P = .02 and HR: 0.45, P = .009). CONCLUSION: Postoperative radiotherapy after resection of MPE was associated with improved PFS and LC.
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Schreiber, Holly A., Maria Aleksandra Bitner y Sandra J. Carlson. "Morphological analysis of phylogenetic relationships among extant rhynchonellide brachiopods". Journal of Paleontology 87, n.º 4 (julio de 2013): 550–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/12-115.
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Rhynchonellida is the stratigraphically oldest and phylogenetically most basal of the extant rhynchonelliform brachiopod orders, yet phylogenetic relationships among rhynchonellides are poorly known. The fourteen named rhynchonellide superfamilies (four of which have extant representatives) were defined primarily on the basis of features of the dorsal cardinalia, particularly crural morphology, but their homology and polarity have not been investigated rigorously. Superfamily monophyly is unclear, as is the evolution of several distinctive rhynchonellide morphological features, such as crura.The purpose of this study is to investigate the phylogenetic relationships among extant rhynchonellide genera using skeletal characters, and to compare the results with the current classification, elucidating the evolution of morphological features in the process. We completed parsimony-based and Bayesian analyses using fifty-eight characters of the interior and exterior of the shell that vary among the nineteen extant genera. Our results are readily interpretable with respect to the classification, and indicate that Hemithiridoidea, Dimerelloidea, and (in some analyses) Pugnacoidea appear to be monophyletic. Species classified in Dimerelloidea and Pugnacoidea, and in certain cases Hemithiridoidea, each form derived subclades that evolve from within a paraphyletic Norelloidea at the base of each subclade. Raduliform crura appear to be the most basal, phylogenetically; five other crural morphologies evolve from the raduliform state. However, morphological characters currently uniting genera in rhynchonellide superfamilies are not clearly diagnostic and exhibit a relatively high degree of homoplasy overall, suggesting that consistency with the classification may be based on a false sense of confidence in rhynchonellide morphology to clearly elucidate evolutionary relationships. Published molecular phylogenetic hypotheses conflict with the morphological topologies, further supporting this possibility.The evolutionary trends among diagnostic characters of Recent rhynchonellides appear to reflect successive juvenilization in adult morphology in several subclades, suggesting that heterochrony may have played an important role in the evolution of the group.
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Khumalo, Mzwakhe. "REASON(S) FOR REFUSAL OF SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH ESTABLISHED DEGENERATIVE LUMBAR PATHOLOGY". Orthopaedic Proceedings 105-B, SUPP_15 (7 de noviembre de 2023): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2023.15.016.
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Low back pain is the single most common cause for disability in individuals aged 45 years or younger, it carries tremendous weight in socioeconomic considerations. Degenerative aging of the structural components of the spine can be associated with genetic aspects, lifetime of tissue exposure to mechanical stress & loads and environmental factors. Mechanical consequences of the disc degenerative include loss of disc height, segment instability and increase the load on facets joints. All these can lead to degenerative changes and osteophytes that can narrow the spinal canal. Surgery is indicated in patients with spinal stenosis who have intractable pain, altered quality of life, substantially diminished functional capacity, failed non-surgical treatment and are not candidates for non-surgical treatment. The aim was to determine the reasons for refusal of surgery in patients with established degenerative lumber spine pathology eligible for surgery.All patients meeting the study criteria, patients older than 18 years, patients with both clinical and radiological established symptomatic degenerative lumbar spine pathology and patients eligible for surgery but refusing it were recruited. Questionnaire used to investigate reasons why they are refusing surgery.Results 59 were recruited, fifty-one (86.4 %) females and eight (13.6 %) males. Twenty (33.8 %) were between the age of 51 and 60 years, followed by nineteen (32.2 %) between 61 and 70 years, and fourteen (23.7 %) between 71 and 80 years. 43 (72 %) patients had lumber spondylosis complicated by lumber spine stenosis, followed by nine (15.2 %) with lumbar spine spondylolisthesis and four (6.7 %) had adjacent level disease. 28 (47.4 %) were scared of surgery, fifteen (25.4 %) claimed that they are too old for surgery and nine (15.2 %) were not ready.Findings from this study outlined that patients lack information about the spinal surgery. Patients education about spine surgery is needed.
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Olaniran, O. B., S. E. Ajayi, O. B. Oluwatobi y O. E. Adeleke. "Assessment of microbial quality and detection of extended spectrum β-lactamase genes in Gram-negative bacterial isolates of herbal mixtures commonly hawked in Sagamu metropolis, Ogun State, Nigeria". African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 23, n.º 3 (17 de junio de 2022): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v23i3.5.
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Background: The use of herbal mixtures in the treatment of diseases is on the rise. Many of these herbal drugs are not produced under hygienic conditions and safety issues associated with herbal medicines may have an exacerbated impact in immunocompromised and elderly individuals. This study aimed to determine the microbial loads of locally prepared herbal mixtures and detect extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes in any isolated Gram-negative bacteria pathogen.
Methodology: Fifty local herbal mixtures were purchased randomly from three locations in Sagamu town (Sagamu market, Ita-Oba Road and Isale Oko) in Ogun State, Nigeria. The mean total viable bacterial (MTVB), mean total coliform (MTC), and mean total fungal (MTF) counts were determined by the plate count method. The bacterial isolates were streaked on differential bacteriological media while the fungi isolates were grown on potato dextrose agar. The isolates were identified upon growth on culture media using conventional biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates was determined using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. Phenotypic detection of ESBL was done by the modified double disc synergy test followed by amplification detection of blaTEM, blaCTX-M and blaSHV genes with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay.
Results: Bacteria and fungi were isolated from 38 (76.0%) and 25 (50.0%) of the herbal samples respectively. Ten (20.0%) and 14 (28.0%) of the samples had mean bacterial and fungal load that exceeded 105CFU/mL or g, respectively. Nineteen (38.0%) of the herbal samples analyzed had total coliforms. Fifty-one isolates belonging to eight bacterial genera and 28 fungi isolates belonging to four fungal genera were obtained. Thirty- two (62.7%) of the bacterial isolates were Gram-negative while 19 (37.3%) isolates were Gram-positive. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacterial isolate (33.3%) while Aspergillus species was the most prevalent fungus (60.7%). Sixteen (84.2%) S. aureus and 26 (81.3%) Gram- negative isolates were multidrug resistant, and 6 (18.8%) of 32 Gram-negative isolates were ESBL producers. ESBL-encoding genes were detected in 7 (27%) of the 26 multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria with TEM and SHV being the most prevalent 4 (14.8%) while CTX-M was identified in only one isolate.
Conclusion: This study reported the presence of microbial contaminants which exceeded the safety limits of 105 CFU/g according to World Health Organization. The use of locally prepared herbal medicines poses a major health risk due to the lack of microbial quality standards.
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Pollock-BarZiv, Stacey M., Marsha M. Cohen, Heather Maclean y Gregory P. Downey. "Canadian Respirologists’ Experience with Lymphangioleiomyomatosis". Canadian Respiratory Journal 9, n.º 6 (2002): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2002/721852.
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BACKGROUND: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare pulmonary disease occurring primarily in women. A literature review of LAM in Canada found sporadic mention of LAM in case reports or within lung transplant studies. The LAM Foundation, a patient support and research funding organization, lists 23 Canadian patients in its database. The present study was designed to assess the scope of LAM across Canada and to identify potential patients for further evaluation. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain Canadian respirologists’ experience with patients with LAM (current and historical), lung transplantation (single or bilateral) and deaths due to LAM, and awareness of the LAM Foundation.METHODS: Four hundred twelve brief surveys were sent anonymously to members of the Canadian Lung Association (inserted in their newsletters) to ascertain the experience of Canadian respirologists with LAM.RESULTS: One hundred twelve surveys were returned (27%). Fifty-one respondents had 'ever' been involved in the care of at least one patient with LAM; eight had cared for three or more patients. At the time of the study, 26 respondents were following a total of 46 patients with LAM; 22 of the 51 respirologists (43%) who had ever cared for a patient with LAM reported the death of a patient. Thirty-three patients had been put on wait lists for transplantation; six died while on the wait list. Nineteen patients underwent lung transplantation - six single-lung recipients and 13 bilateral lung recipients. Of the 51 respirologists who had ever cared for a patient with LAM, only 30 (61%) were aware of the LAM Foundation’s services. Of the 112 respondents, only 47 (43%) were aware of the LAM Foundation.CONCLUSIONS: This study identified a moderate level of awareness of a significant existing patient support and research service (the LAM Foundation). There were many patients with LAM who were unknown to the LAM Foundation and could benefit from its resources. Results suggest that there may be more patients with LAM in Canada than are reported in the existing literature.
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Carella, A. M., E. Lerma, E. Orlandi, M. Lazzarino, M. Annunziata, F. Ferrara, E. Pungolino, E. Morra, M. Miglino y M. Gobbi. "Multicenter Experience with Imatinib Mesylate in Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Patients." Blood 110, n.º 11 (16 de noviembre de 2007): 4554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4554.4554.
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Abstract Imatinib mesylate (IM) is a powerful and selective p210 Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of CML. An Italian multicenter study was performed to investigate the safety, efficacy, tolerance and compliance of IM in newly diagnosed CML patients. From February 2000 through February 2007, we collected 339 CML patients in different phases of disease and previously treated with Interferon-alpha and/or other therapies. One hundred fifty-two untreated Ph+ CML patients received Imatinib at diagnosis at a dose of 400 mg orally per day; 88 were male and 64 female with a median age of 50 (range, 17–80) years. Complete hematological remission was achieved in 94% of patients. The estimated rate of complete cytogenetic remission (CCR) was 69% after 12 months; with a median follow up of 38 months the rate of CCR raised to 86,8%. Levels of Bcr-Abl transcripts had fallen by at least 3 log in 59% of cytogenetic remitters patients at 12 months; after a median follow up of 38 months, 26% of these patients achieved complete molecular remission (CMR). The most commonly reported adverse events after IM were edema (including peripheral and periorbital edema) (50%), muscle cramps (37,7%), diarrhea (40,7%), fatigue (38,8%); moreover in 8 (5,2%) patients grade 3–4 events were observed consisting of pancitopenia and/or elevated liver enzymes. Eight (5,2%) patients died: 2 patients for progressive disease after allografting, 2 patients of cardiac infarction, 1 patient of severe necrotic fascitis, 1 patient of metastatic colon cancer and 2 patients of blastic crisis. In summary, at 84 months 144/152 (94,7%) patients are alive and 125 (86,8%) of them are still receiving IM. Nineteen (13%) patients discontinued Imatinib: 7 patients for adverse events grade 3–4 and 12 patients for progressive disease. These data are comparable to those of IRIS study and confirm the safety and efficacy of IM in newly diagnosed patients.
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Spileers, W., G. A. Orban, B. Gulyas y H. Maes. "Selectivity of cat area 18 neurons for direction and speed in depth". Journal of Neurophysiology 63, n.º 4 (1 de abril de 1990): 936–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1990.63.4.936.
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1. Fifty-eight area 18 cells recorded in anesthetized and paralyzed cats were tested for selectivity for direction in depth after their monocular velocity characteristics and static disparity profile were determined. 2. Direction in depth was produced by changing the speed and direction in the two eyes, but keeping the speed along axes in depth constant. 3. Forty-two cells were completely investigated, which means that direction in depth selectivity was tested at least at two different position disparities and two different bar speeds. Seven out of the 42 cells were accepted as direction in depth selective. 4. The 16 remaining cells were incompletely tested. Only one of them was direction in depth selective at the disparity and speed tested and shared all the properties of the seven completely tested direction in depth selective cells. Therefore we estimated that 8/58, i.e., 14% of the area 18 cells are direction in depth selective. 5. The direction in depth selective cells are a very homogeneous class: they all belong to the S family, are velocity tuned, monocular, prefer orientations close to vertical, and have a broad inhibitory or an unmodulated position disparity profile. 6. Direction in depth selectivity arises both from monocular properties and binocular interactions. These binocular interaction profiles can be symmetric or asymmetric. The change of these interaction profiles with changes in base speed can be summarized as changes in level of inhibition for the axes corresponding to equal speed in the two eyes on one hand and changes in the slope of the inhibition gradient centered on these axes of equal speed on the other hand. 7. Nineteen of the 58 cells were tested for selectivity for speed along trajectories in depth. All five direction in depth selective cells tested were also tuned to speed in depth. This suggests that area 18 contributes to the elaboration of a 3D velocity map. 8. A wiring diagram that accounts for the binocular interactions underlying direction selectivity in depth is presented.
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Rolston, Kenneth V. I., Scott A. McConnell, Jack Brown y Kenneth C. Lamp. "Daptomycin Use in Cancer Patients with Neutropenia." Blood 110, n.º 11 (16 de noviembre de 2007): 2289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2289.2289.
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Abstract Infections occurring during neutropenia in cancer patients (pts) frequently involve Gram-positive pathogens and are complicated by antibiotic resistance. Outcomes for infections due to either methicillin-resistant or -susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, MSSA) treated with vancomycin are considered suboptimal by many clinicians (Sakoulas G. J Clin Microbiol2004;42:2398–402). New effective agents are needed for treatment. Data were collected retrospectively as part of an ongoing registry (Cubicin Outcomes Registry and Experience; CORE, 2005 and 2006 program years). Data were collected on demographic and microbiologic characteristics; prior, concomitant and follow-up antibiotics; DAP regimen; and clinical data. Outcomes were assessed at the end of DAP therapy by the investigator who, in most cases, was the infectious disease physician involved in the treatment of the patient. The definitions for clinical outcome were: Cure - clinical signs and symptoms resolved (and/or) no additional antibiotic therapy necessary (or) negative culture reported at the end of therapy; Improved - partial resolution of clinical signs and symptoms (and/or) additional antibiotic therapy warranted at the end of therapy; Failure - inadequate response to therapy: worsening or new/recurrent signs and symptoms (or) need for a change in antibiotic therapy (or) positive culture reported at the end of therapy. Pts reported with neutropenia during DAP, a history of cancer, and evaluable for outcome (cure, improved, failure) were analyzed. Eighty-four pts had a history of cancer and had neutropenia during DAP treatment, of these, 72 (86%) were evaluable for DAP outcome. Sixty-five of 72 (90%) pts had either cure (n=40, 56%) or improved (n=25, 35%) as an outcome. Success rates (cure plus improved) stratified by the lowest WBC during DAP were; 29/34 (85%) for < 100 cells/m3, 26/28 (93%) for 100–499 cells/m3, and 10/10 (100%) for 500–1000 cells/m3, P=0.32. The median (range) time to clinical response in those successfully treated (data reported in 47 pts) was 4 days (1–21). Fifty-nine of 72 (82%) had a hematological malignancy. Fifty-eight percent were male, 22% were ≥66 yrs old, 7% had an initial CrCl <30 mL/min, 18% received DAP in an ICU. Eighty-eight percent of pts received antibiotics before DAP, most frequently with vancomycin (83%), cefepime (17%), and linezolid (16%). The most frequent reason for switching to DAP was prior clinical failure / resistance (54%). The major infections being treated with DAP were bacteremia (76%), UTI / pyelonephritis (10%), and uncomplicated skin and skin structure (6%). Seventy-four percent of pts with a WBC < 100 cells/m3 had a bacteremia. The most common Gram-positive pathogens reported were vancomycin-resistant enterococci (52%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (21%), and S. aureus (14%; 7/11, 64% were MRSA). The median (range) initial DAP dose was 6.0 mg/kg (3–7). The median (range) DAP duration of therapy was 13 days (1–86). Nineteen percent of the pts received DAP as an outpatient at some time during their therapy. There were 37 adverse events (AE) reported in 20 (28%) pts; however, only three AEs in 3 pts (4%) were assessed as possibly related to DAP. The data from the registry provide useful information about the clinical characteristics of neutropenic cancer patients treated with DAP for primarily bacteremia. Most of the pts were bacteremic and there was no difference in outcome regardless of the degree of neutropenia. These data require confirmation via prospective clinical trials.
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Hainsworth, John D., Christina Meng, David R. Spigel, Eric L. Raefsky, John H. Barton y F. Anthony Greco. "Long-Term Followup of Patients with Follicular Lymphoma (FL) Treated with Two Years of Maintenance Rituximab: Response to Rituximab Retreatment at Progression." Blood 108, n.º 11 (16 de noviembre de 2006): 4723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.4723.4723.
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Abstract Background: Maintenance treatment with rituximab prolongs progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with FL when administered following single agent rituximab, chemotherapy, or rituximab/chemotherapy combinations. However, the possible induction of lymphoma resistance by prolonged rituximab treatment has been a cause for concern. To address this issue, we obtained long-term followup on patients who had received 2 years of maintenance rituximab and had objective response or stable disease when treatment was discontinued. With a median followup of 7 years, we evaluated the subsequent course of these patients, with particular attention to: treatment administered at relapse, sensitivity to retreatment with rituximab at progression, and survival. Methods: Between March 1998 and August 2002, we treated a total of 106 patients in 2 sequential studies with single-agent rituximab, followed by rituximab maintenance therapy (repeated 4-week courses every 6 months for 2 years). In both studies (JCO20:4261, 2002; JCO23:1088JCO23:2005), rituximab maintenance was arbitrarily discontinued after 2 years. Fifty-eight of 106 patients (55%) in these 2 trials had objective response or stable disease following completion of 2 years of maintenance rituximab. Followup regarding the subsequent course and treatment was obtained in all 58 patients. Results: Nineteen of 58 patients (33%; 18% of all 106 patients treated) remain in continuous remission after a median followup of 7 years (range 4–8 years). Thirty-five patients progressed, while 4 patients died of intercurrent illnesses while in remission. Of the 35 patients who progressed, 24 patients received single-agent rituximab as the next therapy, while 2 patients received rituximab in combination with chemotherapy. Eight of 24 patients (33%) had objective responses to single-agent rituximab (CR 5, PR 3), 14 patients (58%) had stable disease, and 2 patients progressed. Six of the responding patients again received maintenance rituximab. Median PFS in the 22 responding/stable patients was 47 months (95% CI = 39–52 months) with 27% of patients progression-free at 5 years. Both patients receiving rituximab plus chemotherapy had complete remissions (durations 33, 64 months). Transformation to a more aggressive histology was not documented in any patient. The median survival of all 35 relapsing patients, measured from the time of relapse, is 63 months, (95% CI = 40-N.R.). Conclusions: The majority of patients who relapse after 2 years of maintenance rituximab therapy remain sensitive to rituximab. Retreatment with rituximab, either as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy, is a reasonable therapeutic option at the time of progression. Further investigation of more prolonged rituximab maintenance schedules is indicated.
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Yuasa, Mitsuhiro, Naoyuki Uchida, Daisuke Kaji, Hikari Ota, Kazuya Ishiwata, Masanori Tsuji, Hisashi Yamamoto et al. "Prognostic Significance Of The Cytogenetic Evolution After The Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation In Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia". Blood 122, n.º 21 (15 de noviembre de 2013): 1391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.1391.1391.
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Abstract Background Cytogenetic abnormalities at diagnosis have significant impacts on disease outcome and clonal evolution at cytogenetic level is considered to be associated with relapse and refractoriness to chemotherapy. Relapse of AML was reported to be associated with cytogenetic clonal evolution in 40% of patients who have received chemotherapy. However, little is known about the association of cytogenetic clonal evolution and relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). This study was conducted to see the karyotypic changes of the AML relapsed after allo-HSCT and to see whether the presence of the cytogenetic evolution has a prognostic impact. Patients and Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed as AML who underwent allo-HSCT for the first time at our institute from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2012 consecutively and analyzed the cytogenetic evolution patterns in patient at relapse of AML after HSCT. Results Three hundred and thirty patients were included in this study. We identified fifty-seven (17%) relapsed in bone marrow after HSCT. We excluded two patients, because of that one patient was not performed bone marrow aspiration after relapse and the other received auto-PBSCT after allo-HSCT due to an engraftment failure. So, we analyzed the bone marrow karyotypic changes before and after transplantation of 55 patients. Thirty-eight (69%) were male, and median age at allo-HSCT was 56 years (range, 21-82). Eight (14%) are still alive. Thirty-four (61%) received umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT), ten (18%) did related HSCT, and eleven (20%) did unrelated HSCT. Eleven (20%) had normal karyotype, fourteen (25%) had one chromosomal abnormality, eleven (20%) had two abnormalities, and nineteen (35%) had more than three abnormalities before HSCT. Median observation time after HSCT was 16 months (1-75). Thirty (55%) showed gain or loss of chromosomal abnormalities from original one (group1), sixteen (29%) showed no karyotypic change between HSCT, and nine (16%) showed totally different karyotype. We defined the cytogenetic evolution group as group 1, and the others as group 2. Median day of relapse after HSCT was not different between group 1 and 2 (4 months (range 1-73), 6 months (range 1-26), P=0.29). Shorter survival time after relapse was observed in group 1 (5.9% vs. 16.8% at 2 year post-relapse, P= 0.04) (figure. 1). Conclusion Although durations from HSCT to relapse were comparable between group 1 and 2, survival time after relapse was significantly shorter in group 1 than in group 2, which indicates that cytogenetic clonal evolution may confer resistant characters against treatments, and needs novel therapeutic applications. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.