Tesis sobre el tema "Neutron absorption"
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Paoli, M. P. "Electron-volt neutron spectroscopy of condensed matter". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235080.
Texto completoMOREIRA, EDSON G. "Preparo e caracterizacao de um material de referencia de mexiliao Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758)". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2010. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9529.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Schollier, Audrey. "Probing protein adsorption modes onto poly(ethylene glycol) brushes by neutron reflection". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209952.
Texto completoA clear understanding of the mechanism of protein adsorption onto polymer brushes is still missing. The first models describing the interactions of a polymer brush with adsorbing particles predicted two adsorption modes: primary adsorption at the grafting surface, and secondary adsorption at the outer edge of the brush (occurring for large cylindrical proteins). Primary adsorption can be repressed by increasing the grafting density of the brush, and secondary adsorption by increasing its thickness, in agreement with the experiments reported in the literature. But experimental evidences (a maximum in the adsorbed amount observed for long brushes) suggested then the existence of a third mode: ternary adsorption within the brush itself, due to attractive interactions between the protein and the brush. Standard techniques can in general only probe the total adsorbed amount. The aim of this work was to separate primary and ternary adsorption isotherms, by using neutron reflectivity and deuterated proteins. As neutrons interact differently with hydrogen and deuterium atoms, the contrast between the hydrogenated brush and the deuterated protein is high enough to separate the two contributions.
We studied the adsorption of deuterated myoglobin on PEG brushes with different degrees of polymerisation (N = 56, 146 and 770), and as a function of the area per grafted chain. The contribution of primary and ternary adsorption was separated for the different systems, and the adsorbed amount was extracted and the adsorption isotherms compared to the theoretical predictions. The ability to distinguish between the different adsorption modes, and the quantification of their relative contribution to the overall amount of adsorbed proteins, represents a major advance in optimising surface properties. In particular, the occurrence of ternary adsorption onto PEG brushes affects their status as tool for repressing protein adsorption.
L’adsorption de protéines aux interfaces a un rôle important pour certaines applications pharmaceutiques ou biotechnologiques. En effet, plusieurs processus indésirables sont liés à l’adsorption de protéines, par exemple l’encrassement de lentilles de contact, la coagulation dans des appareils contenant du sang, l’inflammation d’organes artificiels ou encore la diminution du temps de circulation dans le corps de protéines ou liposomes thérapeutiques. Certains polymères, tels que le polyéthylène glycol (PEG), sont utilisés pour réprimer l’adsorption de protéines :en greffant une brosse de PEG sur la surface, une couche est créée entre la protéine et celle-ci qui diminue, voire même réprime complètement l’adsorption. Comprendre le mécanisme qui entrave l’adsorption aux interfaces est un sujet de recherche actif, qui pourrait mener à des améliorations significatives dans la conception de biomatériaux.
À ce jour, la compréhension du mécanisme d’adsorption de protéines sur des brosses de polymère n’est pas claire. Les premiers modèles décrivant les interactions entre brosses de polymères et particules adsorbantes prédisaient deux modes d’adsorption :l’adsorption primaire sur la surface de greffage, et l’adsorption secondaire à l’extérieur de la brosse (pour les grandes protéines cylindriques uniquement). L’adsorption primaire peut-être réprimée en augmentant la densité de greffage de la brosse, et l’adsorption secondaire en augmentant son épaisseur, en accord avec les expériences reportées dans la littérature. Mais d’autres évidences expérimentales (un maximum dans la quantité adsorbée observé pour les brosses longues) ont ensuite suggéré l’existence d’un troisième mode :l’adsorption ternaire à l’intérieur même de la brosse, due aux interactions attractives entre la protéine et la brosse.
Les techniques standards peuvent en général mesurer la quantité adsorbée totale. Le but de ce travail était de séparer les isothermes d’adsorption primaire et ternaire, en utilisant la réflectivité de neutrons et des protéines deutérées. Comme les neutrons interagissent différemment avec les atomes d’hydrogène ou de deutérium, le contraste entre la brosse hydrogénée et la protéine deutérée est ainsi suffisant pour séparer les deux contributions.
Nous avons étudié l’adsorption de myoglobine deutérée sur des brosses de PEG avec différents degrés de polymérisation (N = 56, 146 and 770), en fonction de l’aire par chaîne Σ. La contribution des adsorptions primaire et ternaire put être séparée pour les différents systèmes, et les quantités adsorbées extraites pour finalement comparer les isothermes d’adsorption aux prédictions théoriques. La possibilité de distinguer les différents modes d’adsorption, et la quantification de leur contribution relative à la quantité totale de protéines adsorbées représente une avancée majeure dans l’optimisation des propriétés des surfaces. L’adsorption ternaire dans les brosses de PEG en particulier remet en question leur utilisation pour réprimer l’adsorption de protéines.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
CURCHO, MICHEL R. da S. M. "Avaliacao de micro e macroelementos, elementos toxicos (Cd, Hg e Pb) e acidos graxos, em peixes disponiveis comercialmente para consumo em Cananeia e Cubatao, Estado de Sao Paulo". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9388.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Pavan, Lucia. "Study of external fields around magnetars and analysis of interstellar absorption". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425614.
Texto completoGli argomenti trattati nella presente tesi sono due: l’ analisi del campo attorno a stelle di neutroni iper-magnetizzate (Magnetar) e la distribuzione dell’ assorbimento interstellare nella nostra Galassia. Le Magnetar sono state introdotte come modello teorico per spiegare le caratteristiche peculiari di un ristretto sottoinsieme di stelle di neutroni isolate, circa 15 oggetti su più di 2000 noti. Nonostante siano così pochi, questi oggetti sono argomento di numerosi studi a causa delle loro proprietà estreme. All’interno del modello di magnetar, l’emissione di queste sorgenti viene spiegata come energia rilasciata dal campo magnetico (da cui il nome) piuttosto che da riserve di energia rotazionale, gravitazionale o termica come avviene per la maggior parte delle stelle di neutroni. Dalle misure dei periodi orbitali e dalla loro variazione nel tempo, i campi magnetici coinvolti sono stimati essere dell’ordine di 10^14-10^15 G (10^10-10^11 T), portando queste stelle ad essere “i magneti più intensi” dell’Universo. In questo quadro, lo studio delle magnetars apre la possibilità di analizzare gli effetti di campi magnetici su plasmi in condizioni davvero estreme. I campi magnetici che vengono trattati superano la soglia B_QED~ 4·10^13 G (4·10^9 T) e quindi provocano grandi alterazioni delle proprietà intrinseche della materia (per una review si veda Harding & Lai [60]). Campi così intensi non solo interagiscono pesantemente col plasma modificando la struttura atomica della materia, ma alterano anche le proprietà del vuoto. Uno degli aspetti più significativi è la polarizzazione del vuoto che introduce i modi ordinario e straordinario di propagazione dei fotoni. L’unico strumento per studiare questi oggetti è l’analisi della radiazione emessa; questo è il motivo per cui sono stati compiuti grandi sforzi per creare modelli sintetici di spettri delle magnetars. Lo scopo di queste ricerche è di derivare, indirettamente dagli spettri raccolti, alcuni vincoli sulle condizioni fisiche delle zone emittenti, sia sulla superficie della stella che nella magnetosfera. Il modello è stato sviluppato in vari articoli a partire dal 1992 con il lavoro di Thompson e Duncan. Nel 2002, in un articolo di Thompson, Lyutikov e Kulkarni, il campo esterno delle magnetars è stato descritto come un dipolo twistato attorno al proprio asse magnetico. In questo modello una torsione si propaga dalle zone interne e gradualmente deforma la crosta, provocando una distorsione anche nel campo esterno. I burst osservati sarebbero quindi alimentati dall’improvviso rilascio di una grande quantità di energia dovuta a fratture della crosta, che avvengono quando lo stress sulla superficie diventa troppo forte. Assumendo questa con?gurazione del campo, il modello è in grado di riprodurre le caratteristiche spettroscopiche della maggior parte delle Anomalous X-Ray Pulsars e dei Soft Gamma Repeaters. Sorprendenetemente il modello delle magnetar suggeriva anche un legame tra queste due classi di oggetti, che è stato confermato in seguito, dalla scoperta di oggetti con proprietà intermedie tra le due classi. Ciò nonostante, a mano a mano che nuovi studi vengono condotti sull’emissione delle magnetar, il modello necessità di essere affinato. Alcuni lavori recenti, ad esempio, suggeriscono o che le zone emittenti siano piccole e non coprano l’intera superficie della stella, oppure che siano presenti zone a diversa temperatura sulla superficie. In alcuni casi, il twist sembra essere confinato solo a delle porzioni della magnetosfera e/o il campo, su larga scala, sembra essere più complesso di un semplice dipolo. Gli studi condotti si inseriscono in questo quadro e sono rivolti a generalizzare il modello esistente. L’idea che è stata seguita è quella di includere delle variazioni del campo su piccola scala considerando multipoli di ordini diversi. A differenza di quanto accade per campi generici, in questo caso il procedimento è complicato della non linearità delle equazioni che descrivono i campi twistati. Il secondo argomento di questa tesi riguarda l’assorbimento interstellare nella nostra Galassia. L’estinzione interstellare è oggetto di molti studi in quanto modifica la radiazione osservata proveniente dalle sorgenti celesti. Le polveri e le particelle interstellari non emettono radiazione, ad eccezione dell’emissione infrarossa, dovuta a silicati e idrocarburi policiclici aromatici, e dunque sono molto difficili da analizzare. Generalmente, il mezzo interstellare è visibile solo quando viene illuminato da altre sorgenti, quindi, ove possibile, viene misurato direttamente dalla radiazione emessa da oggetti lontani ed osservata sia analizzando righe spettroscopiche di bassa ionizzazione che da analisi fotometriche. Questi metodi tuttavia, forniscono una misura dell’estinzione solo tra l’ osservatore e alcuni oggetti, ma non coprono estensivamente tutto il cielo. Per ottenere misure di estinzione laddove le misure non sono presenti, generalmente viene impiegato un modello di distribuzione delle polveri nella Galassia. Mentre i vantaggi riguardanti l’uso dei modelli di estinzione sono evidenti, dato che permettono di ricavare la quantità di estinzione anche in zone dove le misure sono assenti, lo svantaggio è dovuto alla necessità di adottare delle assunzioni sulle proprietà delle stelle e/o sulle polveri della Galassia, che introducono ulteriori incertezze nel risultato finale. Un approccio differente è basato sull’analisi dell’emissione infrarossa delle polveri (Schlegel, Finkbeiner & Davis [107]) per mappare il mezzo interstellare. Purtroppo anche questo metodo ha delle limitazioni, in quanto fornisce informazioni solo sull’intera column density in una determinata direzione, senza la possibilità di risolvere la struttura tridimensionale della distribuzione del mezzo interstellare. In questo contesto il presente lavoro è rivolto alla realizzazione di un algoritmo utile ad interpolare le misure di estinzione disponibili in letteratura, senza dover ricorrere ad un modello per le componenti della Via Lattea. L’idea che è stata seguita è quella di raccogliere la maggior quantità possibile di dati di assorbimento, al fine di ottenere una mappa tridimensionale (seppur grossolana) dell’estinzione nella nostra Galassia, e interpolare questi dati per ricavare il valore di assorbimento in posizioni diverse da quelle già note. Poiché l’ estinzione è una misura cumulativa dell’assorbimento distribuito tra l’osservatore e la stella, prima di interpolare i dati è necessario effettuare fare una scomposizione degli assorbimenti misurati in valori locali di assorbimento. Le conclusioni e alcuni risultati preliminari del codice che è stato sviluppato sono presentati.
BOSTELMANN, ELEINE. "Avaliação da concentração de metais em amostras de sedimentos do reservatório Billings, Braço do Rio Grande, São Paulo, Brasil". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2006. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11410.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Swansbury, Laura Ann. "A structural investigation of chlorine-containing and fluorine-containing oxide glasses using molecular dynamics, neutron diffraction, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy". Thesis, University of Kent, 2017. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/65765/.
Texto completoBuchanan, Piers. "The structure of liquid semiconductors, superionic conductors and glasses by neutron scattering, X-ray diffraction and extended X-ray absorption fine structure". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392943.
Texto completoČerný, Tomáš. "Stínění a detekce neutronů". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413124.
Texto completoARINE, DJAIR R. "Analise de aguas de superficie e sedimentos de rios da regiao de Ipero, SP, por espectrometria de absorcao atomica e por ativacao neutronica". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2000. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10831.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Al-Zein, Ali. "Order and Disorder of Relaxor and Ferroelectric Materials : structural and Vibrational Studies". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20078/document.
Texto completoAmong piezoelectric materials, lead-based ferroelectric perovskites are known to have the largest piezoelectric coefficients and electromechanical coupling. They are widely used in dfferent industrial and technological applications. The so-called "relaxors" belong to this family. Their structure is characterized by the presence of randomly oriented polar nanoregions. In this thesis, we are interested in studying the structural and dynamical properties of prototypical ferroelectric materials and relaxors such as PbTiO3, PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3, PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 (PMN), PbZn1/3Nb2/3O3, and PbMg1/3Ta2/3O3 (PMT). The long and short range structure has been investigated by neutron diffraction and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), while hyper-Raman scattering (HRS) is used to probe the vibrations. The local structure analysis of complex perovskite materials AB'B''O3 shows that pressure reduces the static disorder of the large cation occupying the B-site, while an applied electric field has an opposite effect. This field-induced distortion might relate to the large piezoelectric coefficient in such materials. HRS in PMN and PMT allows the first observation of the "primary" soft mode responsible for the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant. The selection rule analysis reveals the nature of the HRS active vibrational bands and enables us to get insights about the involvement of each atom in the structural modifications upon temperature
MAEDA, REINALDO de M. "Determinação experimental de parâmetros de física de reatores utilizando refletor de água pesada no reator IPEN/MB-01". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2012. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10128.
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Dissertação (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
SILVA, SHARLLENY A. "Avaliação da concentração de micro e macroconstituintes do sedimento do reservatório Itupararanga/Sorocaba-SP". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2012. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10139.
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Dissertação (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
AVEGLIANO, ROSEANE P. "Estudo de dieta total no estado de Sao Paulo: estimativa de ingestao dietetica de elementos toxicos (arsenico e cadmio) e essenciais (calcio, cromo, ferro, selenio, sodio, potassio e zinco)". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11523.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
VALLINOTO, PRISCILA. "Determinação de elementos essenciais e tóxicos em alimentos comerciais infantis por análise por ativação com neutrôns e espectrometria de absorção atômica". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2013. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10505.
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Dissertação (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Bostelmann, Eleine. ""Avaliação da concentração de metais em amostras de sedimentos do Reservatório Billings, Braço Rio Grande, São Paulo, Brasil"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-22052007-165423/.
Texto completoThe present study chemically characterized sediment samples from the Billings reservoir, Rio Grande tributary, in the Metropolitan region of São Paulo, by determining metal concentration and other elements of interest. The chosen chemical parameters for this characterization were Aluminum, Arsenic, Barium, Cadmium, Copper, Chromium, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium and Zinc. These parameters are also used in the water quality index, with the exception of Selenium. The concentrations were determined through different analytical techniques such as atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS, GFAAS and CVAAS), optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) and neutron activation analysis. These analytical methodologies were assessed for precision, accuracy and detection and/or quantification limits for the sediment elements in question. Advantages and disadvantages of each technique for each element and its concentration were also discussed. From these assessment the most adequate technique was selected for the routine analysis of sediment samples for each element concentration determination. This assessment verified also that digestion in a closed microwave system with nitric acid is efficient for the evaluation of extracted metals of environmental interest. The analytical techniques chosen were equally efficient for metals determination. In the case of Cd and Pb, the FAAS technique was selected due to better results than ICP OES, as it does not present matrix interference. The concentration values obtained for metals As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn in the sediment samples were compared to Canadian Council of Minister of the Environment (CCME) TEL and PEL values.
Tabti, Nouhaila. "Étude, évaluation et validation des performances d'un système de mesure du bore par absorption neutronique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP105.
Texto completoDuring the operation of a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR), monitoring boron concentration is of paramount safety importance. Due to its significant neutron capture cross section for thermal neutrons, boron-10 (¹⁰B) is injected into the primary coolant to compensate for reactivity variations resulting from fuel burnup and xenon oscillations. A device called "boron meter" is thus necessary to continuously monitor boron concentration during reactor operation. Boron meter operates based on the "neutron attenuation and absorption" measurement technique. A neutron source (such as Am-Be or ²⁵²Cf) emits fast neutrons that interact with the borated coolant. After thermalization, a portion of these neutrons is captured by ¹⁰B through the (n, α) reaction, while the remaining neutrons are measured by a dedicated neutron detector. Thus, the measured count rate (in counts/s) is indicative of the boron concentration (in ppm). A low boron concentration results in fewer neutrons being absorbed by the fluid, thereby increasing the count rate, and vice versa. This measurement method therefore establishes an anticorrelation between boron concentration and the measured count rate. Operating experience feedback regarding boron measurement in reactors, initially ensured by the PSS boron meter (installed in the Primary Sampling System), has revealed frequent anomalies leading to recurrent unavailability. The lack of redundancy in this measurement line led the French Nuclear Safety Authority (ASN) to prescribe the installation of a redundant device on the discharge line of the Chemical and Volume Control System: the CVCS boron meter. Boron concentration measurement in reactors is complex for two main reasons. First, it is necessary to quantify low concentration variations, in the order of ppm. Second, variations in thermal hydraulic parameters, such as temperature and flow rate, induce measurement perturbations. Therefore, the main objective of this thesis is to elucidate the physical phenomena affecting boron measurement in reactors, with the aim of designing an innovative boron meter that offers optimized real-time measurement performance. To achieve this objective, three research areas have been explored. The first area focuses on the study and optimization of the CVCS boron meter. The second area concentrates on understanding the physical phenomena influencing boron measurement. Finally, the third area examines the feasibility of implementing a new boron meter instrumentation at the Reactor Coolant System (RCS). This last aspect, despite presenting numerous technical challenges, has been motivated by the significant advantages offered by this location, including real-time measurement and faster detection of accidental situations affecting boron dynamics. The example of heterogeneous dilution inherent to a Loss-of-Coolant Accident (LOCA) serves as a safety demonstration application
SILVA, RITA de C. A. da. "Estudo da espécie garça-branca-grande Ardea alba (Linnaeus, 1758), para uso como bioindicadora da contaminação ambiental, na região metropolitana de São Paulo". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2013. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10548.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
FRANCISCONI, LUCILAINE S. "Determinação dos constituintes inorgânicos em plantas medicinais e seus extratos". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2014. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/23298.
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Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
PAN, GUIRONG. "MORPHOLOGY AND PROPERTIES OF ANTI-CORROSION ORGANOSILANE FILMS". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1152291690.
Texto completoNachab, Abdellatif. "Etudes expérimentales et modélisations Monte Carlo de l'auto-absorption gamma et de la dosimétrie active par capteurs CMOS". Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-00023644.
Texto completoSOARES, WALACE A. A. "Estudo da distribuição de metais em água, sedimento e organismos aquáticos de rios e reservatórios pertencentes à rede de monitoramento da qualidade dos sedimentos do estado de São Paulo, Brasil". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2012. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10154.
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Dissertação (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
PALETTI, GERSON. "Determinacao de mercurio e metilmercurio em cabelos de populacoes residentes no Parque Indigena do Xingu". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1999. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10812.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Liu, Qiang. "Synthesis, characterization and investigation on the magnetic and electronic structure of strontium iron oxides". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14772/document.
Texto completoThe relationship of the crystallographic, magnetic, and electronic structure have long been of highinterest in research. Strontium iron oxides have structural, charge, spin, and orbital degrees offreedom, and thus give rich information to study for the condensed matter scientists. In this thesis,we have systematically studied the strontium iron oxides based on the freedom of the iron charge:Fe3+ and Fe4+ mixed valence compound SrFeO2,75 , Fe3+ compound Sr3Fe2O6 and SrFeO2,5 with differentcoordination around Fe3+ and Fe2+ compound SrFeO2. The synthesis of the polycrystalline compoundsare through either solid state reaction or sol-gel method. Single crystals of SrFeO2,75 and SrFeO2,5have been prepared by floating zone furnace. The purity of all the compounds is checked by lab x-raydiffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Electronic structures have been studied by x-ray absorptionspectroscopy for all these compounds. Special efforts have been used to investigate the magneticstructure of SrFeO2,75 and Sr3Fe2O6
RUBY, ELAINE C. "Qualidade ambiental de solos agricolas da bacia do Rio Jaguari - Sao Paulo". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9484.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Brouette, Nicolas. "Influence des propriétés interfaciales de couches organiques sur l'adsorption de protéines globulaires". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209645.
Texto completoL'adsorption de myoglobine deutérée sur des monocouches hydrophobes d'OTS et de PS a été étudiée par réflectivité de neutrons pour des solutions de protéines de différentes concentrations (de 1 mg/ml à 0.01 mg/ml). A basse concentration, les protéines adsorbées se dénaturent et s'étalent sur le substrat hydrophobe et l'adsorption résulte en une fine couche dense en protéines. Sur le PS, les protéines s'étalent moins, ce qui est en accord avec la moindre hydrophobicité du PS. A haute concentration, une couche supplémentaire peu dénaturée est observée au-dessus de la première couche.
La cinétique d'adsorption primaire de HSA a été étudiée par ellipsométrie sur des brosses de PEG (Mw = 35700 Da) de différentes densités de greffage. Les résultats confirment que les brosses de PEG répriment l'adsorption de protéines. En outre, l'adsorption est très rapide sur le PS, tandis que sur les brosses, l'adsorption est plus lente. Le comportement à temps long de la quantité adsorbée Γ en fonction de la densité de greffage σ est en accord semi-quantitatif avec une théorie développée par Halperin et basée sur les différentes contributions à l'énergie libre d'une protéine adsorbée. Il a également été mis en évidence un régime pour lequel le taux d'adsorption dΓ/dt décroît exponentiellement avec la quantité de protéines adsorbées Γ.
L'adsorption de protéines (lysozyme, HSA et myoglobine) a ensuite été étudiée sur des brosses de PNIPAM en fonction des paramètres de la brosse et de la température. Les brosses ont été greffées par ATRP à partir d'une monocouche d'OEG (oligo éthylène glycol) silanisé contenant du brome comme initiateur. Il a été montré que l'adsorption primaire sur la surface de greffage est inférieure à 0.1 mg/m^2 et que l'adsorption ternaire dans la brosse, en dessous et au-dessus de la LCST, ne dépasse pas 1 mg/m^2 (~ 2% de fraction volumique en protéines). La résistance à l'adsorption a été associée à la présence d'une région hydrophile superficielle qui pourrait présenter une barrière cinétique à l'adsorption des protéines dans le cœur moins polaire de la brosse.
L'ensemble de ces résultats montre que les propriétés interfaciales du substrat jouent un rôle crucial dans les processus d'adsorption des protéines.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
FARIAS, LUCIANA A. "Avaliação do conteúdo de mercúrio, metilmercúrio e outros elementos de interesse em peixes e em amostras de cabelos e dietas de pré-escolares da região Amazônica". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2006. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11472.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
Dubois-Clochard, Marie-Claude. "Dispersants en milieu organique synthèse et étude physico-chimique de dispersants pour carburants et lubrifiants". Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066479.
Texto completoNing, De [Verfasser], John [Akademischer Betreuer] Banhart, Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Schumacher, John [Gutachter] Banhart y Henny J. M. [Gutachter] Bouwmeester. "Structural characterisation of A-site deficient Pr2-xNiO4+δ by X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy / De Ning ; Gutachter: John Banhart, Henny J. M. Bouwmeester ; John Banhart, Gerhard Schumacher". Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1192370961/34.
Texto completoAMBROGI, JÉSSICA B. "Avaliação dos teores de elementos essenciais e tóxicos em alimentos da dieta da população de São Paulo, segundo a POF 2008-2009". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2016. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/26826.
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O Estudo de Dieta Total (EDT) tem sido recomendado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde como o método mais adequado para estimar as ingestões dietéticas de contaminantes e nutrientes para um país ou grandes grupos populacionais. O presente estudo é o segundo realizado no Brasil, atualizado com dados da Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar-POF 2008-2009 do IBGE, para avaliação de ingestão dietética dos elementos essenciais e tóxicos referente à região Sudeste do Brasil. Os alimentos que compõe a lista de alimentos foram coletados em mercados, preparados como prontos para consumo, liofilizados e homogeneizados para a análise pelos Métodos de Análise por Ativação com Nêutrons Instrumental (INAA) e Absorção Atômica com Forno de Grafite (GF-AAS). Foram determinados os elementos As, Br, Ca, Cd, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sc, Se e Zn. Os valores de ingestão dietética diária dos elementos foram calculados e mostraram-se satisfatórios para os elementos Cl, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se e Zn. Para Ca, Cr e K as ingestões dietéticas calculadas encontraram-se abaixo das recomendações nutricionais. Já para os elementos cujos valores de ingestão diária média superaram as recomendações nutricionais (Cu, Fe, Mg e Mn), as ingestões foram comparadas com os valores de Limite tolerável de ingestão (UL). Concluiu-se que nenhum elemento se encontrava em quantidade acima desses limites, exceto o Na que apresentou valor ligeiramente mais alto que o UL. Em relação aos elementos tóxicos, os valores de concentração estiveram muito abaixo dos valores limites estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira, exceto para o As no grupo de peixes. Porém a ingestão de peixe é baixa, o que contribuiu para que a ingestão dietética de As nesse estudo estivesse bem abaixo do limite máximo tolerável preconizado pela JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives), assim como o valor de ingestão dietética mensal de Cd, que esteve bem abaixo limite tolerável mensal (PTMI).
Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Lieboldt, Matthias y Viktor Mechtcherine. "Einfluss von Rissen auf den Feuchtetransport in textilbewehrtem Beton". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-77943.
Texto completoIn this study water absorption and water permeability were tested on uniaxially preloaded, cracked specimens made of textile reinforced concrete (TRC) and cracked composite specimens (ordinary concrete + TRC) preloaded in bending. The influence of imposed strain on the permeation of water was observed in-situ by using uniaxial tensile tests and described by an analytical model. The transport values for the cracked material correlated with the cracks’ characteristics (number of cracks, crack width). Furthermore, the effect of self-healing phenomena on the transport properties of TRC was considered. The distribution of water in cracked ordinary concrete and cracked composite specimens was studied by means of neutron radiography which provided with a high spatial and temporal resolution. The penetration of water is presented qualitatively and discussed
Ambrogi, Jéssica Braga. "Avaliação dos teores de elementos essenciais e tóxicos em alimentos da dieta da população de São Paulo, segundo a POF 2008-2009". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-26092016-145056/.
Texto completoThe World Health Organization (WHO) has been encouraging Total Diet Study (TDS) since WHO considered this study to be the most adequate method to estimate the dietary intakes of contaminants and nutrients of countries or populations on a large-scale. This study is the second carried out in Brazil, and is up to date with data from IBGE National Household Food Budget Survey POF 2008-2009, to evaluate essential and toxic element dietary intakes, concerning the Southeast Region of Brazil. The food represented in food list were collected in supermarkets, preparing read-to-consumed food, freeze-dried and homogenized for analyses, by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (GFAAS). The elements As, Br, Ca, Cd, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sc, Se e Zn were determined. The daily intake values were calculated and the values were satisfactory for the elements Cl, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se and Zn. For Ca, Cr and K the dietary daily intake values were below the nutritional recommendation. For Cu, Fe, Na, Mg and Mn elements which average daily intakes exceeded the nutritional recommendation, it was observed that no values were above than tolerable upper limits (UL), except for Na which values was slightly higher value than the UL. In relation of toxic elements, the concentration values were below than Brazilian legislation values, except for As in fish group. However the dietary intake of As is below than tolerable upper limit (UL) recommended by JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives) since the fish intake is low in the São Paulo diet. For Cd the month dietary intake was below than PTMI (provisional tolerable monthly intake) recommendation.
Counil, Claire. "Effet d'un fluorocarbure gazeux sur l'adsorption et la stabilité à l'interface air/eau de monocouches de phospholipides, de tensioactifs et de biomarqueurs". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAF055.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the influence of perfluorohexane (F-hexane) on monolayer adsorption and stability of surfactants, phospholipids (PLs), and fluorinated biomarkers (F-biomarkers) at the air/water interface. The presence of F-hexane induces an acceleration of the kinetic adsorption of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dodecanol, degradation compound of SDS. F-hexane also slows down the formation of SDS/dodecanol liquid condensed domains, and SDS degradation. The behavior of the PL monolayers during compression varies with the F-hexane saturation mode (in the aqueous phase or in the gaseous phase). Neutron reflectometry, which allows compositional analysis of the interface, has shown that the physical state of the monolayer status the amount of F-hexane immobilized at the interface. F-hexane allows a large adsorption of F-biomarkers on the PL monolayers. Those F-biomarkers stayed trapped at the interface, even when F-hexane is vented out. Deuterated F-biomarkers have a greater affinity for the air/water. A feasibility study of microbubbles incorporating F-biomarkers in the PL shells is presented
Dohy, Didier. "Contribution à l'étude de la structure statique et dynamique des aluminés béta et de composés apparentés". Paris 13, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA132025.
Texto completoKernavanois, Nolwenn. "Blocage du moment orbital et hybridation des électrons f : étude par absorption et diffusion de rayons-X et diffraction de neutrons de composés à base d'uranium et de cérium". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10114.
Texto completoCoste-Delclaux, Mireille. "Modélisation du phénomène d'autoprotection dans le code de transport multigroupe APOLLO2". Paris, CNAM, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CNAM0516.
Texto completoThis document describes the improvements carried out for modelling the shelf-shielding phenomenon in the multigroup transport code APOLLO2. They concern the space and energy treatment of the slowing-down equation, the setting-up of quadrature formulas to calculate reaction rates, the setting-up of a method that treats directly a resonant mixture and the development of a "sub-group" method. We validate these improvements either in an elementary or in a global way. Now, we obtain, more accurate multigroup reaction rates and we are able to carry out a reference self-shielding calculation on a very fine multigroup mesh. To end, we draw a conclusion and give some prospects on the remaining work
Beswick, Robert J. "Neutral hydrogen absorption studies of active galaxies". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2002. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:172309.
Texto completoBarj, Mohamed. "Etude de la structure statique et dynamique de quelques matériaux à mobilité ionique par spectroscopie de vibration et par diffusion de neutrons". Paris 13, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA132024.
Texto completoBordet, Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude structurale de séries de composés supraconducteurs ou magnétiques : les stannures de terres rares et métaux précieux et les cuprates supraconducteurs à hautes températures". Grenoble 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE10003.
Texto completoQUEIROZ, CARLOS A. da S. "Terras raras: fracionamento, purificação e controle analítico". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1988. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11634.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IEA/D
Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de Sao Paulo - IQ/USP
Reeves, Sarah Natasha. "HI emission and absorption-line studies of nearby, gas-rich galaxies". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16556.
Texto completoPallier, Camille. "Evolution structurale des céramiques (Si)-B-C sous sollicitations thermomécaniques". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14615/document.
Texto completoSelf-healing matrices are composed of SiC, B-C and Si-B-C multilayers deposited by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). The boron-rich layers (Si)-B-C are amorphous in their as-deposited state but crystallize at high temperature (T ≥ 1000 °C). Various analyses (XRD, Raman spectroscopy, NMR, neutron diffraction, XANES) were used to characterize the local structure of the as-processed and heat-treated ceramics. The local structure of heat-treated ceramics was also confirmed by molecular dynamic ab initio simulations. The structure consists of icosahedral units as in B4C but faulted and connected with each other through tetrahedral CB4-XCX and trigonal BC3 sites. In Si-B-C ceramics, the same amorphous phase forms a continuum embedding SiC clusters. The structural evolution of the ceramics in inert atmosphere were studied as a function of temperature (1100°C ≤ T ≤ 1400 °C) and time (t ≤ 1 h). The metastability of the materials leads to fast kinetics of reorganization. When T and t increase, one observes successively the formation free-sp2 carbon, the crystallization of B4C and, in Si-B-C ceramics, the coarsening of the SiC nanocrystallites. The high temperature mechanical properties have also been assessed by tensile tests on Cf/(Si)-B-Cm microcomposites. The materials undergo a complex transient behaviour which is strongly temperature dependent due to the structural changes
Griffith, Kent Joseph. "Atomic and electronic structure of complex metal oxides during electrochemical reaction with lithium". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271191.
Texto completoHfaiedh, Noureddine. "Nouvelle méthodologie de calcul de l'absorption résonnante". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR13219.
Texto completoZahedy, Fakhri S., Hsiao-Wen Chen, Michael Rauch y Ann Zabludoff. "HST Detection of Extended Neutral Hydrogen in a Massive Elliptical at z = 0.4". IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625809.
Texto completoSarah, Bouckoms. "Time distribution analysis for flasher data and simulations in the IceCube neutrino detector". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Physics and Astronomy, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9659.
Texto completoOktem, Gozde. "Syntheses Of Benzotriazole Bearing Donor Acceptor Type Random Copolymers For Full Visible Light Absorption". Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613535/index.pdf.
Texto completoLeulliot, Nicolas. "Analyse experimentale et theorique du repliement de l'arn : diffusion raman, absorption infrarouge et ultraviolette, diffusion inelastique de neutrons et modelisation moleculaire quantique". Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066304.
Texto completoMoréac, Alain. "Etude par diffusion raman et absorption infrarouge, de la transition neutre-ionique du tetrathiafulvalene-p-chloranile (ttf-ca)". Rennes 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN10073.
Texto completoAAMOUCHE, AHMED. "Contribution a l'analyse des spectres vibrationnels des bases pyrimidiques, ribonucleosides et ribonucleotides : diffusion inelastique de neutrons, diffusion raman, absorption infrarouge et calculs quantiques". Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066001.
Texto completo