Tesis sobre el tema "Nepal"
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1
Shrestha, Uma. "Social networks and code-switching in the Newar community of Kathmandu City". Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720143.
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The present study seeks to investigate the linguistic behavior of two Newari high castes, called Shresthas and Udas, living in Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, in their use of Newari, the ethnic language, and Nepali, the national language. Specifically, the study attempts to explain the hypothesis that the Hindu (Shrestha) Newars are becoming monolingual in Nepali while the Buddhist (Udas) Newars are maintaining their bilingualism in Nepali and Newari. To do so, a questionnaire was distributed to a total of 96 subjects, selected through quota sampling procedures. The questionnaire not only elicits information about the situational and societal variation in the subjects' use of Newari and Nepali but also reveals their attitudes and opinions about the differential use of these languages. Also, the participant observation method was employed to supplement and validate the responses derived from the questionnaire survey.The results from this study suggest a diglossic behavior in the Udas' use of Newari and Nepali, which, however, is remarkably different from those found in classic diglossic settings. This, in turn, leads to a reexamination of Ferguson's concept of diglossia. The Shresthas, on the other hand, frequently alternate between Newari and Nepali regardless of situation. Such linguistic differences between these two groups are related to their varied social networks and relationships; the Udas Newars' greater use of Newari is due to their closed social networks while the Shresthas' greater use of Nepali is due to their open social networks.The data on the analysis of the subjects' attitudes and opinions toward Nepali and Newari indicate that the Udas Newars are positive and favorable toward Newari while the Shresthas are ambivalent in their opinions toward these languages. This study, therefore, emphasizes a strong need for bilingual education in the country.The results of the present study show that the Udas' use of Newari exclusively at home and with children is a major factor in its retention. Among the Shresthas, it is rapidly losing ground to Nepali. Newari then is gradually dying away among the Shresthas, and will continually do so in the absence of institutional support.Department of English
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Nepal, Ranjita [Verfasser]. "Remittances and livelihood strategies. A Case Study in Eastern Nepal / Ranjita Nepal". Kassel : Kassel University Press, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1056890169/34.
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Chalise, Sudarshan. "Climate Change, Adaptation in Agriculture and Poverty in Nepal: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis". Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367804.
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Agriculture is one of the sectors most affected by climate change in Nepal. Crop production, especially rice, wheat and maize, the main food staples, are the most susceptible to climate change and variability. Any changes in climate will thus increase uncertainty regarding production of these staples, as climate is the major cause of the year-to-year variability in their productivity. This study is motivated partly by the susceptibility of the Nepalese agricultural system to climate change and partly by the lack of economy-wide studies of climate change of Nepal on this topic. The overall aim of this thesis is thus to assess the economy-wide impacts of climate change and land re-allocation as an adaptation strategy in the Nepalese agricultural system at three levels: macro; sectoral; and household. At the macro level, this study investigated the impacts of climate change and adaptation on national GDP, overall employment and trade balances. At the sectoral level, this study investigated the changes in sectoral output and sectoral employment due to climate change and adaptation in Nepalese farming system. Finally, this study investigated the effects of climate change and adaptation on household income, consumption, consumer prices and ultimately absolute poverty in seven different household groups developed in the model.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Edström, Martin. "Råder pressfrihet i Nepal?" Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-87394.
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Under de senaste årtiondena har Nepal fått utstå gerillakrig, maktövertagande från flera olika håll samt en liten period av totalitärt styre. Landet har fler etniska grupper än de flesta andra länder och rymmer flertalet av världens religioner. I landets politiska sfär finns representanter för extrem höger såväl som extrem vänster, där både Marxister och Maoister i dag sitter med i regeringen. Mitt i detta finns journalister och medier, vars förutsättningar till fritt verkande denna uppsats ämnar undersöka. Är Nepals press fri att granska makten och fritt informera sina medborgare?Vilka hinder finns för pressfriheten, och vilka ämnen rapporteras det aldrig om?Denna studie baseras på kvalitativa intervjuer med ett antal nepalesiska journalister, för att komma närmare svaret på dessa frågor samt utröna teman och problem som vidare borde undersökas. Studien kommer att visa att Nepals journalister själva känner sig relativt fria, men kämpar med ett antal frågor och teman vilka det är svårt att rapportera om. Studien visar vidare att både politiker och kriminella har viss makt/inflytande över mediers rapportering, samt att Nepals pressfrihet i allt högre grad hotas av kommersialisering och inflytande från företag och företagsintressen
5
Kidsley, Sally. "Contraceptive use in Nepal". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/210221/.
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This thesis presents three inter-related studies investigating different aspects of contraceptive use in rural Nepal. The intrauterine device (IUD) is one of the most cost effective methods of reversible contraception available but is not well known or understood and consequently not well used in Nepal. This has not always been the case, when family planning was first introduced in Nepal the IUD was the most widely used method. Over the decades its use has dwindled to a point where less than one percent of women of reproductive age use it as their preferred method of contraception. This thesis identifies the reasons behind the low use of the IUD in eastern rural Nepal, by employing qualitative methodology. These qualitative findings are then further employed to create demand for the IUD. The thesis draws attention to the various roles different routes of increasing awareness and demand for the IUD have. By creating demand it is shown that the uptake of the IUD is increased. Increasing demand alone does not equate to satisfaction with the method so the thesis points to quality of care being an important factor in high satisfaction leading to high continuation of the IUD. Male influence is shown to have an influence on the uptake of the IUD within two of the studies so a third study investigates the knowledge, attitudes and practice of Nepalese men towards family planning and reproductive health. This thesis identifies a number of factors that are influencing positive changes in Nepalese men’s knowledge, attitudes and practice that may have an effect on future contraceptive use, family planning and sexually transmitted infection rates. These changes may have an effect on fertility rates, contraceptive prevalence and levels of unmet need.
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Bulala, Liudmila <1993>. "Povertà infantile in Nepal". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16557.
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Volunteers Action Foundation Nepal (VAFON), è un ONG che lavora per il miglioramento della comunità svantaggiata ed emarginata (concentrandosi su donne e bambini), realtà effettiva del Nepal; territorio nel quale ho svolto il mio tirocinio, precisamente a Kathmandu, nel luglio 2019, per lo sviluppo infantile.
Ho lavorato in tre posti diversi: in un monastero, all’ Helpless Children Home, un orfanotrofio, popolato da bambini abbandonati lì a causa della povertà, e al Divyanetra Community School, una scuola per bambini provenienti da famiglie molto povere e con varie disabilità .
Le mie mansioni sono state le stesse in tutti e tre i posti, spendevo il mio tempo ad insegnare inglese ai bambini, dopo lo studio ci dedicavamo a varie attività ludiche: giocando, disegnando, cantando e danzando. Vivevo la loro routine aiutandoli a svolgere i lavori domestici, lavorando in cucina così da poter distribuire il cibo, fornire servizi di cura, con l’intento di insegnare loro le pratiche consuete di igiene. La mia esperienza come volontaria mi ha spinto a scrivere la tesi sulla povertà, vissuta giorno dopo giorno dai bambini Napalesi e non solo, così da analizzare (dopo l’esperienza sul campo) le dinamiche riguardanti i diritti umani. La povertà è una barriera da abbattere per la realizzazione dei diritti di tutti i bambini, per garantirgli un'istruzione di base e proteggerli da ogni forma di violenza.
In tutti e tre i posti dove ho svolto il tirocinio, i bambini avevano tra i 5 e i 14 anni di età. In particolare, in orfanotrofio i bambini erano 32, la maggior parte di loro si trovano lì dopo essere stati abbandonati dalle proprie famiglie, che con grande probabilità hanno dovuto compiere un tale gesto per le poche alternative che la povertà gli pone. I bambini provvengono dalle zone più povere del Nepal, dunque dove la povertà prende per mano l’inconsapevolezza, l’ignoranza e il retrogradismo che porta ad esempio al non utilizzo dei contraccettivi e quindi ad una nascita indesiderata dei bambini, che nascono e dopo poco vengono abbandonati. Oppure i più fortunati vengono portati in monastero per poi diventare monache. I monasteri pullulano di bambine, provenienti dai villaggi sperduti tra le montagne. La maggior parte dei loro genitori sono morti durante la scorsa alluvione, ma i bimbi ora sono protetti e finalmente hanno un posto caldo dove dormire, mangiare e studiare.
Perchè ho trovato importante parlare di povertà infantile in Nepal?
Perchè con il 40% della popolazione di età inferiore ai 18 anni, investire nei bambini e negli adolescenti è importanti per lo sviluppo nazionale. Perchè i bambini sono la fonte ricca della natura, il nostro futuro. Quindi è essenziale avere il loro sviluppo completo. Ma l’altissimo numero dei bambini che popolano i paesi in via di sviluppo vive in una situazione di povertà e scarsità generale. In Nepal i bambini affrontano vari problemi a causa dell'arretratezza, della povertà, dell'analfabetismo.
Il Nepal è uno dei paesi più poveri del mondo. Attualmente è classificato come il 138esimo dei 169 paesi nell'indice delle Nazioni Unite per lo sviluppo umano (UNDP 2010).
Il bambino povero non istruito, malnutrito di oggi diventerà probabilmente l'adulto povero non istruito, malnutrito, di domani.
La lotta alla povertà infantile riconosce il diritto dei bambini a sorvegliare, sviluppare, partecipare e tutelarsi. Significa adempiere agli obblighi inerenti alle convenzioni internazionali sui diritti umani come la Convenzione delle Nazioni Unite sui diritti dell'infanzia.
Gli obiettivi della mia ricerca sono:
- Analizzare lo status del bambino in Nepal e l’accesso all’educazione, soprattutto dei bambini emarginati e svantaggiati
- Valutare le cause e le conseguenze della povertà infantile
- Capire come VAFON e altri ONG contribuisca a migliorare la condizione dei bambini in Nepal.
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Pradhan, Uma. "Ethnicity, equality, and education : a study of multilingual education in Nepal". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e51ff352-41ff-456f-90dc-533e745fdab2.
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This thesis explores the issue of ethno-linguistic identity through an examination of everyday practices in two mother-tongue schools in Nepal. While language and ethnicity have remained highly politicised subject in Nepal, the everyday cultural politics of language use inside minority language school has received very limited academic attention. In this thesis, I focus on the ways in which different people understand, experience, and interpret mother-tongue education in their everyday life. Drawing on Bourdieu's notion of social field, I argue that mother-tongue instruction not only concerns the introduction of minority languages in education, but also constitutes an 'arena of struggle', where the idea of an 'educated person' is (re)imagined, and the social positions of ethno-linguistic groups are negotiated. To explain this further, I show that minority language education function as a subfield within the larger social field of national education. On the one hand, everyday language practices in the schools display inward-looking characteristics through the everyday use of mother tongue and the construction of unified ethnic identity within the subfield of minority language education. On the other hand, there were outward-looking dynamics of actively engaging with the national education system. The salience of these processes is the simultaneous membership to multiple groups, claims over public spaces and in the spaces of nationalism, hitherto associated with Nepali. Using the idea of 'simultaneity', I show that social actors in minority language education might not necessarily select between subfield and social field, but instead thrive in their tense intersection. In this process, ethno-linguistic groups are able to construct their own subjectivities by negotiating what it means to be educated in a minority language. This emerging narrative of minority language education may help us to understand the issues of language and ethnicity in a more open-ended way and appreciate the multiple scales in which identities are expressed.
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McIlvenny, Kelly. "The Foot Soldiers of Change: An Investigation of the Human Factors Operating in Maternal Health in Non-Western cultures through the Agency of Photography". Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367607.
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This research investigates and engages with the layers of intervention involved in Nepali women seeking biomedical care during pregnancy and childbirth, through the agency of photography, interviews and participant observation. Documenting the layers of medical intervention in this manner allows for a cultural critique of how such immense social change, visible in the statistical analysis of maternal health indicators, is playing out on a micro level. This research engages with the women who have gained enough social capital to influence birthing practices both in biomedical intervention and social practice. This research is based on photographic documentation and participant observation conducted with women either in the process of birth or afterwards whose survival is due to the assistance they have received. This exegesis outlines the contextual elements surrounding my photographic work, discussing the challenges and opportunities of cross-cultural visual documentation. Placing the research within the political and historical environment of Nepal, the paper outlines the narratives that Nepali women become entrapped in. The particular history of the state of Nepal’s maternal healthcare, and how women have played an integral role in its changing state will be discussed. Considering the visual portrayal of maternal health worldwide, both in photojournalistic photographic essays and more commercial outputs, there seems to be a growing voice for the plight of women during childbirth and pregnancy. This paper will shape where this visual research may sit within that expanding chorus of ideas and voices. It will discuss the employment of both traditional and new media documentary methodologies to create novel ways of engaging with the topic of maternal mortality; in particular, looking at ways of creating a visual representation of women in Nepal that neither glazes over their challenges nor ignores their abilitiesThesis (Professional Doctorate)
Doctor of Visual Arts (DVA)
Queensland College of Art
Arts, Education and Law
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Bhattarai, Amit. "Sustainable tourism: benefits for the local community?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31261218.
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Sapkota, Soma Nath. "Surface rupture of 1934 Bihar-Nepal Earthquake : implications for seismic hazard in Nepal Himalaya". Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GLOB0012.
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Although the Main Himalayan Frontal Thrust (MHT/MFT), largest and fastest‐slipping continental megathrust, poses a major threat to the northern Indian sub‐continent, seismic hazard along it remains to be quantified. Based on historical descriptions of the two main 20th century earthquakes (1905, 1934), a consensus has emerged that neither produced surface ruptures, a view recently reinforced by paleo‐seismological investigations in which only faulting much older than 1900 was found. This leaves us with fundamental, unanswered questions (recurrence times, rupture lengths, geomorphic signature of large events), and the ominous perspective of even greater quakes with displacements in excess of 15m, potentially on par with M ≈ 9 oceanic subduction events. Knowing the precise geometry and history of earthquake ruptures along this very active fault is thus more than ever critical to assess seismic hazard in the area. To address such questions we have engaged high‐resolution geomorphic and paleo‐seismic studies of Main Frontal Thrust (MFT) in eastern Nepal. Long wavelength warping of river terraces show that late Pleistocene/Holocene deformation is well expressed across frontal folds above the thrust, which have been successfully used to determine a shortening rate on order of 2 cm/yr, but the surface trace of the MFT, where sharpest, remains the best location to document whether large earthquakes break the ground and to determine their sizes and recurrence times. Our survey of the area between the Mahara Khola and Arun/Sun Khosi valleys shows many clear outcrops with young, pristine scarps, challenging the consensus that no surface rupture took place in the 19th century. This area is also located at the centre of the region comprised entirely within the 1934 isoseismal VIII. In the valley of the Sir Khola, which crosses the northern branch of the MFT, we logged in detail a refreshed river‐cut face across the 26 m‐high cumulative thrust scarp. Newly dated charcoal samples collected in the gravel layers of an uplifted strath terrace offset by thrusts reaching the surface confirm the young age of the last event. Six distinct 14C calibrated dates indicate that the terrace was emplaced less than 250 years ago, in the 18th or early 19thcentury, and was subsequently offset by F1, with a vertical throw of ≈ 1. 5 m (≈ 3 m of slip). This same terrace is offset again by another fault at the base of the main scarp. Since no other large earthquake than the Bihar‐Nepal event was recorded locally in the 19th and 20th century, it must be concluded that the Sir Khola rivercut exposes the first unambiguous surface trace ever found of the 1934 earthquake. Similarly, a trench excavated 30 m east of the Natural river‐cut shows two events approximately 700 years apart. We thus interpret the great 1934 earthquake to be a repeat of the 1255 AD event that destroyed Kathmandu. Other charcoal ages in lower fluvial units of the footwall rapidly jump to 3000 years BP, and to older ages just below (up to 7000 yrs), nearly at the same level as that of the present river. This implies that stratigraphic section is missing, but also that there has been no significant longterm incision by the river just south of the thrust. In the Charnath Khola area, the dating of different uplifted terraces on the MFT hanging‐wall, and of one on the footwall, supports our findings at the Sirkhola and Ratu Nadi. Here, the 14‐16 m high Tintale terrace, whose age is only 1‐1. 25 kyr, appears to have been uplifted by at least two events (possibly three) with 4‐5m of vertical coseismic throw in each event since its abandonment. 14C dating of the lowest hanging‐wall terrace (≈ 4 m‐high) in Tintale creek, which was abandoned less than three centuries ago supports the existence of the 1934 rupture. Geophysical surveys including three shallow seismic profiles and Electrical Resistivity Tomographic (ERT) sections, ≈ 1. 5 km‐long each, in the Charnath, Sirkhola and Ratu Valleys, and one Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) profile at Thapatol near Bardibas, add invaluable information at various depths, complementing our morpho‐tectonic interpretation of the area. In particular, the seismic profiles shot across the MFT image well the shallow part of the thrust‐plane down to ≈ 400mepth. To our knowledge, at least in Nepal, this is the first effort of this kind to study the MFT at such detailed scale in combination with paleo‐seismological trenching.
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Panter-Brick, Catherine. "Subsistence work and motherhood in Salme, Nepal". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670373.
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Pearch, Malcolm J. "Small mammal biodiversity in Nepal". Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted: no access until June 2, 2014, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=26193.
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Srivastav, Pushkar K. "Clean Energy Scenario for Nepal". Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-32893.
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The focus of this study was to develop energy futures under different growthconditions in Nepal for 2050 and describes how the sustainable energy supply can bemade by using backcasting method to develop scenarios.The major distinguishingcharacteristic of backcasting analysis is a concern, not with what futures are likely tohappen, but with how desirable futures can be attained. It involves workingbackwards from a particular desirable future end-point to the present in order todetermine the physical feasibility of the futures and what policy measures would berequired to reach that point. Typically backcasting is applied on long-term complexissues, involving many aspects of society as well as technological innovations andchange. Furthermore in the long run, though, discontinuities are likely to occur andshould even be deliberately sought in some cases. Under these circumstances abackcasting approach is an interesting alternative. With these reasons, this studyuses the same method to develop scenarios. The future pictures developed bybackcasting approach are self-fulfilling, this study concludes two of three futurepictures are satisfying the aim of the study. There are three scenarios namely, the high growth (HG), the medium growth (MG)and the business as usual (BAU) scenario developed in this study for year 2050.These scenarios are developed on the basis of future population and economicgrowth. The HG scenario considers highest economic growth rate of 9% while MGand BAU scenario considers the growth rate of 6% and 4% respectively. The BAUand MG scenario with 809, 1460 million GJ of energy demand respectively, meet theaim of the study (i.e. to meet the future energy demand by renewable energyresources in sustainable manner) while the HG scenario with energy demand of4300 million GJ unable to meet its energy demand by sustainable energy resources available in the country. The energy crisis in Nepal is a major challenge for the current and future growth ofthe country. The aim of the study is to describe how to establish the sustainableenergy system under different growth scenarios, Nepal may have by 2050.The urgentneeds in Nepal’s energy sector are ; to reduce the country’s energy dependency, touse the resources efficiently and in a sustainable way and to provide the modern energy system on equitable basis. These needs can only be fulfilled with thesustainable use of renewable energy resources, which is sufficient in the country.The scenarios developed in the study are describing how these resources fulfillingthe future energy demand and how the demand can be reduced with the applicationof appropriate technology. The gap of energy use significantly varies across the different strata of population;the study eliminates this gap by allocating energy on equitable basis. Nepal has oneof the lowest per-capita energy consumptions in the world; to know the level of per-capita energy consumption, this study estimates the same for each scenariosdeveloped in this study. Several measures and technologies and their potential are presented in the study (todecrease the energy use or shifting into renewable energy fuels) and these measuresare a reality today or will be in the near future. For example the use of efficientcooking stove saves the fuelwood, passive building design reduces the heating andlighting requirements, and these technologies are already in practice. Thesemeasures have to be adopted in order to meet the demand by sustainable energysupply. Further these measures are fulfilling the objective of providing the cleanenergy to all. In all scenario the energy demand have been projected, afterward final(reduced) energy demand calculated by considering measures and technologies forreduction in energy use. This study primarily considers the measures andtechnologies to reduce the energy demand in residential sector, which is the highestenergy consuming sector. Based on the final demand the sustainable energy supplyhas been proposed for all scenarios. The scenarios are presented with three possiblealternatives for economic and population growth. The energy demand and supplysituation in each scenario tells whether the sustainable energy supply is possible ornot. Rather than comparison, these scenarios present the energy supply and demandsituation under the conditions they developed. The three scenarios developed in this study are not exhausting the possible solutionsfor sustainable energy supply in Nepal. The technologies and measures and thefutures are not evaluated from the cost perspective. This means the study does notestimates, how much investment is required to realise these pictures hence it doesn’tanswer whether they are feasible from cost perspective or even desirable. The study also leaves out other perspectives like emissions reductions, earning through cleandevelopment mechanism (CDM) etc. The purpose to present different energy-futures of Nepal is to encourage andstimulate stakeholders, policymakers and the citizens to take an active interest and tostart making the changes needed that leads to sustainable energy society. The energy-futures show that together with the economic and population growth, theenergy use in future will increase as well. This is the reason for highest energydemand in the scenario which considers highest economic growth and this demandcannot be fulfilled by the renewable energy sources unless the technologicalbreakthrough in future. So high growth scenario does not satisfy the aim of the study;however rest of the two scenarios are well in line with the aim and objectives of the study. The path to the presented energy-futures; the final step in the backcasting approachhas been left out in this study. The reason is due to, that requires further analysis ofthe energy-futures from several other perspectives as well as analysis over decisionmaking and planning processes and involvement of different stakeholders. Howeverthe presented energy-futures may in some cases indicate what type of measures anddecisions that needs to be taken and what kind of investments are needed. The aim of the study is not to present the most probable energy future but the energyfutures that satisfy the objective of establishing the sustainable energy system inNepal. The renewable energy resources and the related technologies are mainlyconsidered to fulfill the future energy demand, which is the aim of the study. Finally,this study involves high degree of uncertainty due to fact that future is unknown and the uncertainty in collected data, calculations and assumptions made.Division Industrial Ecologywww.kth.se/itm/indecowww.ima.kth.se
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Carter, Michael. "Childhood pneumococcal pneumonia in Nepal". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9b80fee9-60f3-448c-9f8f-bda1148f01c7.
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Pneumonia is the greatest cause of childhood mortality outside the neonatal period, yet the pathogen-specific aetiology of childhood pneumonia remains poorly defined. Vaccine probe studies estimate that approximately one third of children <5 years of age with radiographic endpoint consolidation have pneumococcal pneumonia in settings prior to the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV), such as much of South Asia. 10-valent PCV was introduced to the Nepali infant immunisation schedule in August 2015. I investigated childhood pneumococcal pneumonia in Nepal. I aimed to describe the prevalence of pneumococcal infection in children with suspected invasive bacterial disease admitted to Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal; to assess the impact of 10- valent PCV on pneumococcal pneumonia; and to assess two potential diagnostic tests for pneumococcal pneumonia based on the childhood response to pneumococci - assay of antibodies from lymphocyte supernatant (ALS) and analysis of differential gene expression (transcriptomics) - in children with pneumonia at Patan Hospital. Pneumococci were the second-most most prevalent pathogen isolated from the blood of children between 2005 and 2016. Interrupted time series analyses of data from children admitted with pneumonia from March 2014 - December 2016, showed a small increase (approximately 4%) in the odds of admission with pneumonia in comparison to non-pneumonia admis- sions temporally associated with 10-valent PCV introduction. However, it was not possible to adjust these time series analyses for extreme events including earthquakes (April 2015) and clean fuel shortages/increased air pollution (winter 2015/2016). In contrast, the indirect cohort method (a case-control approach in vaccinated vs unvaccinated children) showed vaccine effectiveness of 84% on the odds of nasopharyngeal carriage of vaccine-type pneumococci, but no effectiveness on pneumonia in these early data. Assay of IgG ALS pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides was complicated by what appear to be non-specific binding to capsular polysaccharides (of both S. pneumoniae, particularly serotype 3, and H. influenzae). Assay of IgG ALS to the best-performing of five pneumococcal proteins assessed had a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 71% for the discrimination of pneumococcal pneumonia from other bacterial pneumonia. A transcriptomic signature discriminated between pneumococcal pneumonia and other bacterial pneumonia with a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 100%. This thesis therefore contributes to knowledge of the clinical epidemiology of pneumococcal disease in South Asia. These data may also contribute to public health policy-making in the region. In addition, the development of two diagnostic tests for the aetiology of childhood pneumonia may be useful for future studies of childhood pneumonia aetiology.
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Manandhar, Laxmi. "Sustainable forest management in Nepal /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envm266.pdf.
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Joshi, Meera. "Environmental impact assessment in Nepal /". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envj83.pdf.
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Devkota, Bhimsen. "Rebel health services in Nepal". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540471.
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The Unified Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist established its own health services within its bastion areas during the decade long (1996-2006) conflict. This study captured a fresh opportunity to examine the Maoist health workers and their services, to explore their numbers, motives and trajectories, and to assess perspectives and responses of the key actors for their assessment, rehabilitation and integration within the primary health system. The study used a mixed methods approach. Data were obtained by using self-administered questionnaires (n=197), semi-structured interviews (n=32) and key informant interviews (n=20). The Maoist health workers regard themselves as capable of delivering health services in rural communities. They claim that their movement was decisive in overthrowing the previous repressive regime and in establishing a republic opening up avenues for people’s democracy, state restructuring and progressive health reforms in the country. The government of Nepal however lacks information on their number, qualities career motivation and integration incentives. Their limited skills and partisan interests could be an obstacle for their recognition and absorption. The military and political agenda has prevailed over the issue of optimal absorption of the Maoist health workers and health services redevelopment. Despite having some institutional provisions for health worker assessment and accreditation and capacity for absorption, there has been no national discussion of what kind of rehabilitation and integration model is appropriate for them. This study suggests that the post-conflict settlement of the Maoist health services provides an opportunity to reorient Nepal’s health services and to recognise the role of the health sector as a bridge for peace.
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Cecil, Anne N. "ACE tourism : trekking in Nepal". Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2002. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/263.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Business Administration
Hospitality Management
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Thapa, Magar Asha. "Enlightening Dark Tourism in Nepal". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404606/.
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This study aims to examine the motivation, experience and benefits of Nepalese domestic tourists visiting the seismic memorial sites after the 25 April 2015 earthquake (known as Gorkha earthquake). A total of 403 surveys was gathered from seismic sites of Nepal (Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Patan). Data were tested to analyze why the tourists are interested in disaster sites and how their experience during their visit impact the benefits of the visits. Additionally, partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to test the relationships among tourist motivations, experiences, and perceived benefits at the dark tourism sites in Nepal. Among the five motivational factors discovered, the empirical results depict that emotional reaction is the strongest factor of the dark tourism motivation, affecting both cognitive and affective experiences. Additionally, this study confirms that cognitive experience is more influenced by dark tourism motivations than affective experience. Among the four experience factors examined in the study, self-reflection is found to have the strongest impact of three aspects of perceived dark tourism benefits, such as knowledge gain, fulfillment, and appreciation. Overall, the findings of the study provide important implications to the management sectors of dark tourism sites, enhancing the importance of providing cognitive experiences (i.e. distributing the educational materials about the dark tourism events and offering the knowledgeable tour guide who can guide the sites) and affective experience of the tourists (storytelling about the events, organizing educational and volunteering programs at the sites). Further, this study contributes to the limited literature in the context of dark tourism and provide important managerial and practical implications based on the case of Nepal earthquake in 2015.
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Bhattacharyya, Amalava, Valmore C. Jr LaMarche y Malcolm K. Hughes. "Tree-Ring Chronologies from Nepal". Tree-Ring Society, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/262376.
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Ten ring-width based chronologies from Nepal are described and the prospects for further dendroclimatic work there reviewed briefly. The initial results are encouraging, and more intensive subregional sampling is called for. All the cores examined showed distinct annual rings, and there was little evidence of double or missing rings, except juniper at some sites and in some Pinus roxburghii trees. Difficulty was encountered in dating Pinus wallichiana and Cupressus dumosa. Individual site chronologies of Cedros deodora, P. roxburghii and P. wallichiana were particularly promising, and of high elevation Abies spectabilis moderately so. Densitometric data are likely to be more useful for this species. The paucity of meteorological data in Nepal represents an obstacle to further dendroclimatic work there.
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Schöler, Cornelia. "Revolution in Nepal : eine neue Welt ist möglich ; die Kommunistische Partei Nepals, Volkskrieg, Wahlen und das Ende einer Monarchie /". Frankfurt, M. : Zambon, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990139824/04.
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Norum, Roger. "The hypersocial : transience, privilege and the neo-colonial imaginary in expatria, Kathmandu". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711659.
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Bhattarai, Anil Rivkin-Fish Michele R. "Nature of Nepali state and hegemony of technocentrism and behaviorism in health practices in Nepal". Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1950.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 11, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Anthropology." Discipline: Anthropology; Department/School: Anthropology.
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Karkuki, Osguei Nushin. "The relationship between socio-economic variation and nutritional status of under five year old Nepalese children and their mothers". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648724.
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Pokharel, Smriti. "Jhakris and the urban Nepali conflict : chaos and confusion". Scholarly Commons, 2008. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/706.
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This study explored the intercultural conflict between urban Nepalis, who believe in Western medicine, and the Jhakris, Nepalese traditional healers. Nepalis in Western influenced urban areas made traditional healing practices illegal, resulting in violent arrests and beatings of Jhakris by police and occasional violent retaliation by Jhakris. This research sought to understand the roots of the intercultural conflict between the urban Nepali society and the Jhakris, and suggest possible solutions to reduce this intercultural conflict. Interviews were conducted with eight members of each group. The data were analyzed by using a conflict styles framework. Westernized members of urban Nepali society ranked high on the Competing conflict style and the Jhakri community ranked high in Compromise and Problem-Solving styles. The perceived grievances of each group were summarized and it was concluded that people in both groups who have a choice of Western and Jhakri healing options might be best placed to begin working toward negotiation and mediation.
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Amatya, Pradyumna. "Institutional change and intervention outcome: comparing assistance schemes for farmer managedirrigation systems in Nepal". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/b29987337.
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Bajracharya, Rijina. "The study on the spatial transformation of traditional towns". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46735033.
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Bhatta, Kishan Datta. "Ecotourism planning and sustainable community development in Nepal". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206759.
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Although believed to be existed long ago in practice, the notion of ecotourism has received widespread recognition in the academia only after 1980s. In recent years, scholars have strongly advocated ecotourism as a tool to achieve socio-economic development vis-a-vis environmental conservation in the developing countries, such as Nepal. Unlike traditional forms of tourism, it has been theoretically portrayed as an ethically responsible travel that could minimize negative impacts, generates funds for conservation, benefits local communities, and educates visitors. However, in practice, there are also the cases where ecotourism has fallen short of its proposed objectives, and caused environmental and socio-cultural problems in the destination communities. To maximize and materialize its potential benefits and promote sustainability, there has been a growing emphasis on the appropriate planning of ecotourism development. However research in this area in the less developed countries is limited. Existing literatures reveal that contemporary researchers have not focused their attention to the critical areas of ecotourism planning, and therefore it is still in an adolescence stage (Weaver and Lawton, 2007). More specifically, relationship between ecotourism planning and its contribution towards sustainable community development in the protected areas (PAs) of developing countries such as Nepal is rarely studied. In this context, this study aims to critically explore the local issues, impacts and dynamics of ecotourism planning and its relationship with and contribution towards sustainable community development in the PAs of Nepal.
By employing a theoretical lens of Community-oriented Collaborative (Co-C) ecotourism planning, the key research question of the study was investigated empirically in the case of Annapurna Sanctuary (AST) Trail of the Annapurna Conservation Area and the Everest Trail (ET) of the Sagarmatha (Mt Everest) National Park in Nepal. Combination of multiple data collection approaches such as structured questionnaire survey with the households, semi-structured interview with the key informants, informal discussion with stakeholders including porters and trek guides, participant observation, and archival research have been adopted. A qualitative-interpretative approach was used in the analysis of different qualitative and quantitative data.
Empirical findings arguably suggest that the key objectives of ecotourism are not truly achieved in both destinations; although (eco)tourism in the AST has performed comparatively better than ET. It revealed that context of community participation and stakeholder’s collaboration in the AST is fairly more effective and efficient than ET. It also indicated that community-based planning approach in the AST is more appropriate than the planning approach adopted in ET which is normally controlled by the PA authority and its defacto Buffer Zone Management Committee. The survey findings on community impacts of (eco)tourism, and the context of participation and collaboration in the AST and ET have supported the key proposition of “Co-C” ecotourism planning i.e. “more inclusive and effective the community participation and collaboration in ecotourism development, more effectively it will contribute to maximize socio-economic benefits to local communities; protect local environment, resources, and heritage; and promote sustainable community development in the PAs”.
This study indicated that perceived benefits and costs of (eco)tourism largely depend on the level of community participation in (eco)tourism activities and decision-making process; capacity to influence decisions; capacity to collaborate with stakeholders; availability of resources, skills, knowledge and education; proximity to the major trail; and networking and communication skills. By using their skills, knowledge and resources, residents usually tend to participate and influence (eco)tourism development process. In both the study areas, residents in OT, usually the low-caste minorities, porters, farmers, and non-entrepreneurs are found relatively less empowered and less capable to integrate into tourism industry and decision-making process than the residents in MT. Based on the research findings, this study has suggested planning and policy recommendations to empower the poor and marginalized section of community; enhance local economy; protect local resources; and promote sustainable community development in the PA settlements of Nepal.published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Sherpa, Pasang Yangjee. "Indigenous movements identification of indigenous concerns in Nepal /". Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2009/p_sherpa_042409.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in anthropology)--Washington State University, May 2009.Title from PDF title page (viewed on May 22, 2009). "Department of Anthropology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-55).
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Adhikari, Radha. "From aspirations to 'dream-trap' : nurse education in Nepal and Nepali nurse migration to the UK". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6199.
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The migration of nurses is stimulating international debate around globalisation, ethics, and the effects on health systems. This thesis examines this phenomenon through nurses trained in Nepal who migrate to the UK. Since 2000, increasing numbers of Nepali nurses have started crossing national borders to participate in the global healthcare market, particularly in the affluent west. By using qualitative multisited research and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders in both Nepal and the UK, this thesis explores why nurses aspire to migrate, how they fulfil these aspirations, and their experience of living and working in the UK. The thesis begins by examining the historical development of nurse training in Nepal, particularly from the mid 1950s. This period saw profound socio-political transformations, including in the position of women in Nepali society and in the perception of nursing in Nepal. Previously, many families were very reluctant to send their daughters into nursing. By the late 1990s, middle-class women and their families were increasingly attracted to nursing, both as a vocation and as a means to migrate. The thesis explores the rise of private training colleges to meet the increased demand for nurse training, and the new businesses that have grown up around the profession to facilitate nurse recruitment and migration. Around one thousand nurses have migrated to the UK since 2000, and the second part of the thesis presents their experiences of the migration process and of working and settling in the UK. Nurses have faced complex bureaucratic and professional hurdles, particularly after UK nurse registration and work-permit policies changed in 2006. The thesis also highlights how highly qualified nurses with many years of work experience in Nepal have become increasingly deskilled in UK. Frequently sent to rural nursing-homes by recruiting agencies, they create and join new diasporic support networks. Further, many have left their loved ones behind, and experience homesickness and the pain of family separation. Often, they plan for their husbands and children to join them after several years, and the research explores this and the issues faced by their families, as they relocate and adapt to life in the UK. Finally, the thesis makes some important policy recommendations. For Nepal, these relate to greater regulation of nurse training and the brokering of nurses abroad. In the UK, they relate to increasing the flexibility of registration and visa regulations to assist in supporting Nepali nurses' work choices, and to value and utilise their professional skills in the UK better.
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Prasad, Ram Briksh. "Maize and soybean intercropping in Nepal". Thesis, Bangor University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288136.
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Kansakar, Sunil Ratna. "Hydroclimatological Regimes of Basins of Nepal". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521194.
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Ghimire, Kabita. "Geographic distribution of malaria in Nepal". Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34464.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Geography
Douglas G. Goodin
The malaria burden has decreased in Nepal between 1988 and 2013. However, there are challenges to completely eradicating the disease. Malaria patterns in a few endemic districts have not changed, and higher malaria case rates have been detected within districts which otherwise were categorized as low endemic areas. Underlying biophysical, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors influence malaria transmission and create region-specific patterns. This research employs various concepts, tools, and techniques to understand the geographic distribution of malaria in Nepal. In this research, malaria prevalence patterns were investigated at multiple spatial and temporal scales. The study identifies malaria hot spots, describes their characteristics and examines shifts in malaria hot spots between 1988 and 2013. Within that 26-year time span, 267,121 confirmed malaria cases were recorded. Thirty-nine of 75 districts were identified as malaria hot spots in Nepal. Based on the frequency, persistence and proportion of caseloads each year, the identified hotspots were grouped into five categories; stable, disappearing, emerging, reemerging, and intermittent. The research also investigated the relationship between climatic factors and malaria frequency, and found that temperature and precipitation during the monsoon and non-monsoon seasons played significant roles in determining the absence and presence of malaria and low and high frequency of malaria distribution at the district level. The dissertation also presents the findings of a study that investigated malaria–related knowledge, perceptions and practices among adults in Nepal, specifically knowledge about its signs, symptoms, consequences, and the availability and use of prevention tools. Although a significant portion of respondents had heard of malaria there was wide variation in their knowledge about specific information related to the disease. Locality, age, household size, education, and income were significantly associated with malaria–related knowledge.
34
Neupane, Diptee. "Determinants of Women's Autonomy in Nepal". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc955067/.
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Nepal in recent times has witnessed a proliferation of community-based organization (CBOs). Established by local residents, CBOs are small level organizations that promote and defend the rights and interests of people especially that of minorities and the disadvantaged. One such minority group that CBOs greatly focus on are women. Despite dramatic increase in the number of CBOs in Nepal its impact on women is understudied. The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the relationship between Nepalese women's participation in CBOs and their autonomy. Autonomy comprises of four different dimensions; physical mobility, financial autonomy, household decision-making, and reproductive autonomy. Modifying the conceptual framework used by Mahmud, Shah, and Becker in 2012, I hypothesize that women who participate in CBOs experience greater autonomy. Data from the 2008 Chitwan Valley Family Study is used for analysis. Using SPSS, separate logistic regressions are run to analyze the relationship between CBO membership and the dimensions of autonomy. The results support three of the four proposed major hypotheses. Nepalese women who participate in CBOs have greater autonomy in terms of physical mobility, financial autonomy, and household decision-making. No evidence was found to establish link between CBO membership and reproductive autonomy. The variables that are controlled for in the study include age, caste, religion, education, marital status, exposure to television, exposure to radio, and relationship with one's mother-in-law.
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Das, Annapurna Nand. "Socioeconomics of bamboos in eastern Nepal". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1998. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU111675.
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Bamboo growing is strongly associated with farm size (landholding), wealth, household size, food sufficiency, irrigation facility, livestock owned, land tenure, household off-farm and on-farm incomes, physiography of the land, and access to forests. The landholding is the most important socioeconomic factor that influences households decision to grow bamboos. Bamboo growing also varies with ethnicity as socially and economically disadvantaged ethnic groups are less likely to grow bamboos on farmland than other ethnic groups. The literacy and age of the household heads are not strongly associated with bamboo growing on the farmland. Bamboo is the most commonly planted species in villages in the Midhills. They are the preferred species for planting, both on private land and in community forests. As timber is getting scarce, bamboo is increasingly used as a replacement for timber. They are also the best fodder species (particularly Bambusa nutans) in the Terai and the fifth best in the Midhills. The interest in bamboo planting is particularly high where there is better access to the markets and bamboos have already been identified as one of the important species for use in income generation programmes. There are many taboos, superstitions and beliefs, particularly in eastern Terai, against bamboo planting which prohibit households from further bamboo planting. Had there not been such beliefs, there could have been more bamboos on the farmlands of eastern Terai and Midhills than at present. Bamboo is also one of the most remarkable woody perennials in eastern Nepal. There are many households, both in the Terai and the Midhills, who are dependent on the income from bamboo craftmaking. Most of the traders are newcomers with lack of resources to expand the trade. Many bamboo growers who sold bamboos, craft makers and traders were not happy with their income and suggested various steps for improvement. There is also a need to review many of the HMGN policies as many of them contradict each other and are therefore unfavourable towards stimulating the growing of bamboos in Nepal. It is clear that a detailed development plan to improve the use of bamboo resources is needed. Socioeconomic research on bamboos should be extended to other regions of Nepal in order to inform the new development plan.
36
Shrestha, Rita. "Energy planning and policies in nepal". Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19131884.
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Wasti, Sharada Prasad. "Adherence to antiretroviral treatment in Nepal". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2750/.
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Chaulagain, Nawaraj. "Kingship, rituals, and power in Nepal". FIU Digital Commons, 2003. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2118.
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Drawing on the ritual theory of “rebounding violence” as developed by Maurice Bloch, the contemporary anthropologist, the thesis examined some kingship rituals periodically observed in Nepal and highlighted their political implications. The study also made an assessment of the concept of “divine kingship” in orthodox “Hindu” tradition and traced connections between religion and politics.
In Nepal, kingship is taken as a symbol of sovereign power and national unity, and the king is often revered in public festivals as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu, or as a representative of some other divinities such as Indra, Bhairava and the Buddha. The thesis explored such rituals, demystified the concept of “divine kingship,” and displayed through historical evidences how Nepali rulers have appropriated religious occasions for their own legitimacy.
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Acharya, Shankar Prasad. "Relationship between twin deficits in Nepal". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1269.
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Roberts, Justin Gareth. "Aid programmes by the governments of India and China to Nepal". Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18812430.
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Maharjan, Anil. "Socio-economic impacts of land pooling in Kathmandu". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206614.
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The urban population of the Nepal, like most of the Asian countries, is increasing rapidly owing to an influx of migrants from other parts of the regions who come to the capital in search of employment, education, better health services and security. The decade long conflict not only triggered rapid urbanization of cities by migration from rural parts of the country but also hindered the development of new cities and towns. Today, Nepal is in a transition phase and political transformation will take place sooner or later and there will be opportunities for development of new towns and cities as the country is progressing towards federal system.
For the past few decades Kathmandu, the capital city has seen unprecedented changes in terms of urbanization. Kathmandu recorded the highest population growth rate in a decade with 60.93 percent and a population density of 4408/sq.km (CBS, 2011). In the absence of a strong planning and regulating body, lack of proper housing facilities and development of economic and social activities, degradation of environment and the undesirable urban sprawl is ever spreading. Houses are being built with no proper provision of road, water supply, drainage, electricity and telephone facility. From private led to government led projects, there have been a lot of land developments in the city to meet the land and housing demands. Land pooling or land readjustment scheme is regarded as one of the most successful tools for land development as it is a public private partnership scheme and involves community in the planning process. However, there are a number of issues and problems that exist in the land pooling areas as well. So far, there are no studies done to measure or evaluate the socio-economic impacts of such projects on the community and the neighborhood. In this context, this study aims to delve on the socio-economic impacts of land pooling projects on the community.
The study has been carried out taking an example of Nayabazar land pooling project, which has been considered as one of the successful and fastest in implementation. The research has been carried out to measure different indicators of socio-economic impact assessment mainly change in demography, change in aesthetic quality of neighborhood, change in employment, income, change in retail/housing markets etc. The research has been carried out by conducting questionnaire surveys, interviews from key informants, informal focus group meetings and secondary data sources.
The study recognized the issues behind the impacts of land pooling on the community both socially and economically. The literature framework and analysis facilitated to generate recommendations for to mitigate such impacts, which are taking place in Nayabazar land pooling area. One of the major findings of the study has been the lack of strong and decisive institution to take charge of management and further development of the study area.published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Master
Master of Science in Urban Planning
42
Paudel, Lok Nath. "Sustainable increase in buffalo milk production farmers' preferences, performance and gender aspects in Nepal". Göttingen Cuvillier, 2009. http://d-nb.info/993674135/04.
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Hepburn, Sharon Jean. "Western minds, foreign bodies : the anthropologist in third world health development". Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63795.
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Dahal, Kedar. "Regional development : an approach to poverty alleviation, Nepal /". Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25248601.
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Hausmann, Yvonne. "Der Bürgerkrieg in Nepal Hintergründe und Perspektiven /". St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/05605555001/$FILE/05605555001.pdf.
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Paap, Iken. "Die Keramik von Khyinga : Mustang District, Nepal /". Bonn, 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=966543386.
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Drange, Line Sjødin. "Dimensioning of Kirne Power Plant in Nepal". Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-8989.
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Kirne Power Plant is a planned expansion of Khimti I Hydro Power Plant in Nepal. During the monsoon period there is a lot of excess water, and the the plan is to utilize this water in an extra power plant during the monsoon. The same tunnel as for Khimti I is to be used for the whole volume flow. A new external pressure shaft is planned for the water down to the new power house of Kirne. The hydrology is studied in this thesis, and a flow of 11 m3/s can be utilized in Kirne through 80% of the monsoon, through the rest of the period, the flow is lower, on the average. The flow limit is found based on the head loss and surges in the water way. The sediment basin will have to be doubled in size to handle the doubling of the volume flow. The placing of the basin can be on the opposite riverbank of the existing settling basin. Another possibility is to build the planned power plant Khimti II upstream Khimti I, and handle the sediments there. Excavation of a volume of 170 m3 is necessary at the top of the surge shaft, to give room for the upsurges. The down-surges are reduced by prolonging the opening time of the turbines and valves. The new pressure shaft will be a 1800 meter long external shaft of steel, with an optimal pipe diameter of 2,16 meter. The shaft will be external due to difficult conditions in the rock, and experiences of the building of Khimti I. It will be shown that the best solution for Kirne is to install one Pelton turbine wiht five nozzles, or two Pelton turbines with three nozzles each, in the power plant. Two Pelton turbines will give a better production than one, but at the same time the costs of the power house, and the turbines will increase. The size of the turbine will be 64 MW for one turbine, and 32 MW each, if two smaller turbines are chosen. The production will be about 240 GWh depending of the flow through the year, which can be up to 30% less than the average. The income of Kirne will be about 13-14 MUSD, depending on the final choices. In order to finish this thesis, a lot of assumptions are made. The power evacuation and agreements with locals and national governments are not investigated. This is done to narrow the scope of the thesis, but at these points, the largest risks of the project are placed.
48
Wagle, Dhirendra. "Dropout of Children from schools in Nepal". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Norsk senter for barneforskning, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-17560.
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Nepal, a developing country of the south-asian region has bigger problem of children not completing the full cycle of basic education. In other words, large number of children dropout of schools, especially in the primary and secondary level of schooling. Especially, the situation is worse for those of the backward and socially disadvantaged populations and of the rural and the remote areas. Being in this frame, this study focused on the reasons of dropout of children from schools and the possible consequences of being dropped out of the rural and remote parts of Rupandehi District. This study also looked at the daily habits of those children who are dropped out of schools and tries to dig out the possible measures to reduce the problem of dropout. The study followed the notion of the New Social Studies of Childhood which sees children as competent beings and should be studied in their own right and from their own perspectives. The study was based on the qualitative approach of data collection which includes observation, individual interview and focus group interview (discussion) with children as primary informants followed by teachers and head teachers. The field work included 20 children, 10 boys and 10 girls and 6 teachers and head teachers. The data collected were qualitatively analyzed and conclusions were drawn. The study realised that poverty, low household income, child marriage, child work and labour, are the major reasons for dropping out of children from schools. In addition, school related problems such as corporal punishment, poor infrastructural facilities, lack of teaching learning behaviour, failing of exams, direct and indirect cost of schooling were noticeable reasons. The study realized that children had to face both physical and mental consequences of not attending school. Use of alcohol and cigarettes and feelings of exclusion in the society was observed. Most of the children who were dropped out were engaged in some forms of labour or work. Especially, boys worked in agricultural sector and as manual labourers and girls were responsible in fulfilling household chores along with planting crops during farming seasons in order to fulfill the demand of their family. Taking care of livestock and younger siblings were common for some younger children. The study realized that several interventions such as increase in the amount and management of various scholarship programmes, improvement in the physical infrastructures of schools, child friendly teaching activities, and automatic promotion of grades helps to reduce the problem of dropout. In addition, re-introducing the mid-day meal programme at school might be beneficial.
49
Fryatt, Robert John. "Cost effectiveness of TB services in Nepal". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243793.
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Sakya, Anil M. "Newar marriage and kinship in Kathmandu, Nepal". Thesis, Brunel University, 2000. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5413.
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This thesis presents a descriptive and analytical study of Newar marriage and kinship in Kathmandu. Essentially, this is a study about caste and the role that it plays in Newar life, in particular, the way that caste is expressed through marriage patterns and kinship rituals. This study also shows that although the link between one's caste and one's traditional caste occupation is breaking down, one's caste identity is still maintained through one's choice of marriage partner and one's participation in kinship rituals which occur at the various levels of caste organization. Newar caste organizations are also undergoing a process of transformation. In addition to the traditional caste organizations, there are also new intercaste organizations which cater to the ritual needs of those in intercaste marriages. This recent phenomenon coincides with the professionalization of other caste organizations, which, in addition to performing their ritual duties, have also taken on the role of social and economic guardians to their caste members. It could be argued that although some forms of caste are no longer applicable, in other ways, caste in Newar society has never been stronger or more important. Despite the claim that intercaste marriages are on the rise, the data shows that the majority of Newars still practice caste endogamy. Membership into a caste organization - which is through the initiation ritual - is so important to Newar identity that intercaste couples have started their own caste organization to ensure that their offspring will officially be a part of a caste group. In sum, this study shows that despite the fact that caste is no longer recognized in the Nepalese constitution, caste is still the main vector of Newar identity, and this is seen most clearly through the analysis of Newar marriage and kinship.