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1
Ming, Ray, Robert VanBuren, Yanling Liu, Mei Yang, Yuepeng Han, Lei-Ting Li, Qiong Zhang et al. "Genome of the long-living sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)". BioMed Central, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610151.
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BACKGROUND:Sacred lotus is a basal eudicot with agricultural, medicinal, cultural and religious importance. It was domesticated in Asia about 7,000 years ago, and cultivated for its rhizomes and seeds as a food crop. It is particularly noted for its 1,300-year seed longevity and exceptional water repellency, known as the lotus effect. The latter property is due to the nanoscopic closely packed protuberances of its self-cleaning leaf surface, which have been adapted for the manufacture of a self-cleaning industrial paint, Lotusan.RESULTS:The genome of the China Antique variety of the sacred lotus was sequenced with Illumina and 454 technologies, at respective depths of 101x and 5.2x. The final assembly has a contig N50 of 38.8 kbp and a scaffold N50 of 3.4 Mbp, and covers 86.5% of the estimated 929 Mbp total genome size. The genome notably lacks the paleo-triplication observed in other eudicots, but reveals a lineage-specific duplication. The genome has evidence of slow evolution, with a 30% slower nucleotide mutation rate than observed in grape. Comparisons of the available sequenced genomes suggest a minimum gene set for vascular plants of 4,223 genes. Strikingly, the sacred lotus has 16 COG2132 multi-copper oxidase family proteins with root-specific expressionthese are involved in root meristem phosphate starvation, reflecting adaptation to limited nutrient availability in an aquatic environment.CONCLUSIONS:The slow nucleotide substitution rate makes the sacred lotus a better resource than the current standard, grape, for reconstructing the pan-eudicot genome, and should therefore accelerate comparative analysis between eudicots and monocots.
2
Chen, Kuan-Ling y 陳冠菱. "Fungi on leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8936s2.
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碩士國立中央大學
生命科學系
102
Nelumbo nucifera is an herbaceous, perennial aquatic plant belonging to Nelumbonaceae (order Proteales, in the clade eudicots, genus Nelumbo), and is found in tropical and subtropical Asia. The self-cleansing property of its leaves is called lotus effect. So far, some parasitic fungi of N. nucifera have been reported, like Alternaria nelumbii, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Pseudocercospora nymphaeacea, but the endophytic fungi have not been recorded. The purpose of this study is to detect and identify fungi from leaves of N. nucifera including ectophytic and endophytic fungi. We collected leaves of N. nucifera at different places in Taiwan. Each leaf was divided into leaf lamina and petiole. These parts were surface-sterilized with 95% ethanol and 6% sodium hypochlorite and then rinsed in sterile water. The effectiveness of surface sterilization was verified by the imprint technique. From 1002 plant segments, 476 isolates were produced in culture, comprising 33 typical terrestrial species. Most isolates were from leaves (71%) compared to those from petiole (29%). Among ectophytic fungi, the species Pseudocercospora sp. nov. and the genus Dissoconium are recorded for Taiwan for the first time.
3
Liu, Chih-Peng y 劉志鵬. "The immunomodulatory activities of (S)-armepavine isolated from Nelumbo nucifera". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61759948796150877415.
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博士國立陽明大學
藥理學研究所
94
T cell-dependent immune responses play important roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Nelumbo nucifera is a useful edible and medicinal plant for the treatment of diarrhea, tissue inflammation, and hemostasis. A previous study conducted by our laboratory showed that (S)-armepavine (C19H23O3N; MW313) from N. nucifera inhibited the proliferation of human blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) activated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Therefore, the present study examined the immune modulatory actions of (S)-armepavine on MRL-lpr/lpr mice in vivo and PBMCs in vitro. MRL-lpr/lpr mice treated orally with (S)-armepavine (5 or 10 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks could prevent lymphadenopathy and elongate life span. It seemed to be mediated by inhibition of splenocytes proliferation, suppression of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interferon-�� (IFN-��) genes expression, reduction of glomerular hypercellularity and immune complexes deposition, decrease of urinary protein, anti-double stranded DNA autoantibody and anti-small nuclear ribonuclear protein antibody production, and impairments of cytokines production. The in vitro results showed that (S)-armepavine (25, 50, and 100 �嵱) suppressed inducible T cells kinase and phospholipase C�� phosphorylation in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent manner, but (S)-armepavine had no effect on lymphocyte-specific kinase or ��-associated protein-70 phosphorylation. Through blocking the activation of PI3K, (S)-armepavine inhibited its downstream signaling such as Ca2+, protein kinase C, nuclear factor of activated T cells, nuclear factor �羠, and activator protein-1 expression in PHA-activated PBMCs. The study also showed (S)-armepavine had no direct cytotoxicity, but attenuated the mRNA and protein expression of IL-2 and IFN-��, and thereby suppressed the proliferation of PHA-activated PBMCs. By blocking cell proliferation and inflammatory mediators production of T cells, (S)-armepavine may to be developed as a potential immunosuppressive agent for the management of autoimmune disease like SLE.
4
Hicks, David James, University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science y School of Natural Sciences. "Development and evaluation of a system for the study of mineral nutrition of sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)". 2005. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/23184.
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The sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is a large aquatic plant endemic to subtropical and tropical Asia and northern Australia. Lotus has a combination of morphological and anatomical features that make it challenging for research work. The necessity of research on lotus is driven by niche market opportunities identified in Japan during counter seasonal production periods. Several features of lotus are utilised for consumer applications with commercial promise including seeds, young shoots and rhizome production. Further, the flowers and seed pods have value as cut-flower products and religious decoration. Several challenges have to be overcome before production of adequate products can be realised in Australia. The challenges which can be addressed most immediately are the questions regarding plant nutrition for lotus. In order to accomplish certain objectives, development of a system for growth and analysis of imposed nutrient treatments in replication, which accommodated a plant with unusual and seasonal attributes, was essential. The results of the tests conducted on the trialled system, whilst not conclusive, provide a solid reference for any future research on lotus nutrition. Recommendations are made for design and enhancement of the system to provide guidelines for such research.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
5
周聖萍. "Studies on the Storage Protein in the Seed of Nelumbo Nucifera". Thesis, 1987. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60620318215966661207.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
生物學系
75
The storage protein in the cotyledon of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) has been isolated by sequen-tial extraction according to the solubility of the proteins. Albumin fraction was found to be the major storage protein which constituted approximately 62% of the total protein. The glutelin fraction which was solubilized under highly denaturing condition constituted approximately 2 6% of the total protein. The polypeptides of albumin fraction observed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis were highly heterogeneous and composed at least seven polypeptide groups. Two polypeptide groups, 99kd and 54-59kd, were purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and two cycles of Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. Amino acid composition of the 99kd polypeptide has been analyzed. It conteined more glutamic acid/glutamine, glycine and threonine but less aspartic acid/asparagine, isoleucine and tyrosine in compared to other proteins. Accumulation of storage proteins in the cotyledon of developing seed was analyzed. The polypeptide groups increased gradully during early development.while a dramatic change in quantity as well as quality of teh polypeptides were observed in the seventh developing stage. the result indicates that the major storage protein is most activity synthesized during this transit period between sixth and seventh developing stages. Storage protein in the lotus cotyledon was obviously decreased ten days after germination, which might be corresponding with the higher activity of the protease.
6
Lay, Peir-Chyi y 賴培錡. "Studies on the Antioxidant Activity Constituents of Lotus Leaf (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner)". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83728625649094571017.
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碩士靜宜大學
應用化學研究所
91
In our continuing search for natural antioxidant constituents from natural plant, was found that extracts of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner. showed the significant antioxidant activity. In this study, the antioxidant active constituent of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner. was isolated by the process of antioxidant activity assay and column chromato-graphy. The structure was elucidated by the spectroscopic methods and its activity was also achieved.
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Lin, Yu-Hui y 林玉恵. "Studies on the functional compounds of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) and Lotus products". Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26520312816381298110.
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Chu, Yu-Wei y 朱淯維. "Studies on Antioxidation Properties of Ethanolic Extracts of Lotus Leaf (Nelumbo nucifera)". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26761528903715534952.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
食品科技研究所
91
Lotus has been used as an essential material both in drugs and foods for a long time. There were many reports about its function in old Chinese traditional herb book, especially for the function of “cooling the blood” by lotus leaf. Hypertension and cardiovascular diseases which are based on atherosclerosis make many people dead in Taiwan. And a fact is made sure that hyperoxia can cause the happening of atherosclerosis. So the purpose of this study is to investigate the antioxidant effect of lotus in Taiwan. Using lotus leaf as major and other parts of lotus as minor material to find out the antioxidative potent and seek the relationship between atherosclerosis and the “cooling the blood” function of lotus leaf. The results of the experiment revealed the antioxidative potent of lotus leaf 95% ethanolic extracts(LLE) in inhibiting peroxidation of linoleic acid, scavenging effect of DPPH radical, high TEAC value, high reducing power, and increased lag phase of LDL oxidation. Except the best performance of TEAC value of lotus rhizome knot 95% ethanolic extracts, LLE showed nice effects in antioxidation and had the highest total phenol and flavonoid content in the four different parts. Extracts of lotus seed and rhizome both were poor in antioxidation aspects. And then make four different partitions of LLE with different polarity, there is a best effect from material in 1-Butanol in scavenging free radicals; and there is a best performance in delaying LDL oxidation by adding the material in ethyl acetate (LLEP2) because of high content in flavonoids. Then using silica gel to further separate the materials in LLEP2.There were 22 subfractions(A~V) getting and subfraction N, P, R have best effects in scavenging free radicals. In the peroxidation of linoleic acid, subfraction C, D, F also have good protecting capacity, and Q has the highest reducing power.P has the highest capacity of delaying LDL oxidation.
9
Wen, Hsiu-Chiung y 溫秀瓊. "Nelumbo Nucifera Leaf extract inhibits 2-acetylaminofluorene-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60704994518346375412.
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Weng, Ting-Chun y 翁鼎鈞. "Studies of Nelumbo nucifera Semen and Armepavine against Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13423036470481120979.
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博士國立陽明大學
傳統醫藥研究所
101
During prolonged liver injury, activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is crucially involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. Excessive oxidative stress, cytokines release due to hepatic inflammation and apoptotic bodies from hepatocytes are implicated in the activation of HSCs and hepatic fibrogenesis. Strategies of antioxidation, anti-inflammation and hepato-protection have been proposed to inhibit the activation of HSCs and attenuate hepatic fibrosis. Armepavine (Arm), an active component of Nelumbo nucifera Semen (Nn), has been reported to exert antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo anti-fibrotic effects of an armepavine-enriched extract of Nn (Nelumbo nucifera Semen) and Arm. A hepatic stellate cell line of rat origin (HSC-T6), which could be activated by TNF-α, TGF-β1 or LPS was used as a cellular model, and we used extract of Nn (0-80 μg/ml) and Arm (0-10 μM) as treatments. The extract of Nn (0-80 M) inhibited TNF-α-stimulated α-SMA secretion, intracellular ROS production, and suppressed IκBα phosphorylation and NF-κB transcriptional activity induced by TNF-α. Nn (0-80 M) also inhibited mRNA expressions of fibrosis-related genes including α-SMA. Moreover, the extract of Nn (0-80 μg/ml) significantly reduced TGF-β1-induced collagen deposition, Smad 2/3 phosphorylation and α-SMA secretion. Arm was further shown to reduce TNF-α-induced expression of α-SMA and procollagen type I, intracellular ROS production, collagen deposition, NF-κB transactivation performed by the p-NF-κB-luc luciferase assay, MAPK phosphorylations including p38, ERK1/2 and JNK, translocation of transcription factors-NF-κB, JunD and C/EBPβ in HSC-T6 cells. Furthermore, Arm (10 µM) could significantly inhibit TNF-α stimulated protein in HSCs expression of angiopoietin-1 from 337 ± 24% to 242 ± 19% in HSCs. The in vitro study suggested Arm inhibited TNF-α-stimulated HSC activation MAPK phosphorylations and multiple transcription factors-NF-κB, JunD and C/EBPβ. Arm (10 µM) also significantly inhibited LPS-induced α-SMA secretion (from 174 ± 37% to 98 ± 4%) in HSCs. We induced hepatic fibrosis in rats by thioacetamide (TAA) administration and bile duct ligation (BDL), to investigate the in vivo effects of the extract of Nn and Arm on hepatic fibrosis. Both the extract of Nn 0.5 g/kg and Arm (3 and 10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the fibrosis scores of livers, levels of plasma AST and ALT activities and hepatic collagen contents. Arm (3 and 10 mg/kg) significantly reduced mRNA expression levels of IL-6, TGF-β1, TIMP-1, col1α2, iNOS, and ICAM-1 genes, but up-regulated metallothionein gene in TAA and BDL rats. Furthermore, immuno-staining results showed that α-SMA- and NF-κB- positive cells (activated HSCs) were decreased in the fibrotic livers of TAA and BDL rats treated by Arm. In conclusion, results from this study suggested that the extract of Nn and Arm exerted both in vitro and in vivo antifibrotic effects in rats, possibly through anti-NF-κB, JunD, and C/EBPβ activation pathways. The data of this study might support drug development and clinical application of Arm and Nn.
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CHEN, WEN-CHI y 陳玟琪. "Isolation and Identification of Antioxidative Peptides From Lotus (Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn.) Seed Protein". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94885753848504805676.
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碩士輔仁大學
食品科學系碩士班
105
The protein hydrolysate from plant seeds has been used for producing valuable bioactive ingredients. Lotus seed protein isolate (LSPI) was prepared from defatted flour with an isolation yield of 10.6%, and showed 90.7% of crude protein. The LSPI was hydrolyzed with flavourzyme for 180 min, and lotus seed protein hydrolysate (LSPH) was then fractionated by gel filtration chromatography. Three fractions (A, B and C) were collected to evaluate antioxidant activities using DPPH, ABTS, hydrogen peroxide scavenging abilities, and reducing power. Data showed fraction C possessed the best antioxidant activity among four assessments, even better than LSPH. Fraction C was then purified by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and the C5 major peak was obtained. LC-MS/MS showed C5 contained 17 peptides with molecule weight between 0.9-2.1 kDa, and three of them were rich in hydrophobic amino acids (>50%). Furthermore, some characteristics, such as leucine and histidine at the N-terminal, or phenylalanine and tyrosine in the sequences, may contribute to their antioxidant capacities. In conclusion, hydrolyzation of lotus seed protein could obtain valuable antioxidantive peptides, it could become a novel potential food supplement to promote health.
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Wu, Cheng-Chiang y 吳正江. "Isolation and characterization of B-class Floral Homeotic Genes in Nelumbo nucifera (Nelumbonaceae)". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84051944782915241157.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
植物學研究所
91
Two B-class floral homeotic genes, NnPI and NnAP3 were identified from Nelumbo nucifera (Nelumbonaceae) and characterized in this study. The obtained cDNA of NnPI was 748 bp in length with a PI-motif in the C-terminal region of its 186 amino acids predicted. The partial NnAP3 was 744 bp with a PI-derive motif and a paleoAP3 motif in the C-terminal region of its 200 amino acids predicted. The most parsimony, neighbor-joining, and maximum-likelihood analyses based on their nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the M-I-K-C domain revealed that NnPI and NnAP3 were grouped with other basal eudicot B-class lineages with low bootstrapping support. This is congruent with current phylogeny regarding the systematic position of Nelumbo nucifera. Expression analysis showed that the expression patterns of the two identified genes do not match exactly with the B-class genes of core eudicots. NnPI was expressed in the inner perianth and stamens, while NnAP3 was expressed in the outer perianth, inner perianth, stamens, and carpels. Therefore, the expression pattern of NeAP3 and NnPI may reflect the plasticity of B-class gene expression and function before the core eudicot lineages.
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DAI, GUO-ZHEN y 戴國禎. "Characterization of major proteins in rhizome tubers of Chinese lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn)". Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45404974589526365800.
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Yang, Woei-Ling y 楊偉伶. "Chemical and Bioactive Constituents from the Leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn cv. Rosa-plena". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65041961831071903741.
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碩士高雄醫學大學
藥學研究所
98
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn is a perennial aquatic crop grown and consumed throughout Asia. All parts of N. nucifera have been used for various medicinal purposes in oriental medicine. In particular, the leaves are known for diuretic and astringent properties, and are used to treat fever, sweating, and strangury and as a styptic. To further understand the chemotaxonomy of the Nelumbo species, N. nucifera Gaertn cv. Rosa-plena was chosen for phytochemical investigation. However, there are no publications reported concerning the chemical component of this scientific name yet. There are several compounds derived from the leaves of N. nucifera, which include seven aporphines, (-)-nuciferine (1), (-)-nornuciferine (2), (-)-asmilobine (3), (-)-N-methylasimilobine (4), (-)-caaverine (5), (-)-anonaine (6) and (-)-roemerine (7); two oxoaporphines, lysicamine (8) and liriodenine (9); and one dioxoaporphine, cepharadione B (10); and one dehydroaporphine, 7-hydroxydehydronuciferine (11); two steroids, β-sitostenone (12) and stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (13); two chlorophylls, pheophytin-a (14) and aristophyll-C (15). Some of the isolated components from Nelumbo also have not been published, including (-)-caaverine (5), lysicamine (8), cepharadione B (10) and 7-hydroxydehydronuciferine (11). The bioactivities of this compounds, including anticancer and antioxidants were thus examined.
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Wu, Meng-Ying y 吳孟穎. "Effective components of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed embryo on anti-aging of Caenorhabditis elegans". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30065226831393927738.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
食品科技研究所
99
Aging is accumulation of diverse deleterious changes in the cells and tissues advancing with age that increase the risk of disease and death. Aging changes can be attributed to development and genetic defects, the environment, disease process, and an inherent process, referred to as the aging process. According to the world population composition, the proportion of older people and the aging index continue to rise. It is assumed that the proportion of elderly people (>60 years old) will rise to 21% of the world population. The associated problem will also rise. Therefore, anti-aging will be an important issue in the society. There are a lot of factors possess the anti-aging activity. One of these factors is food intake. Our group has evaluated the anti-aging activity of many extracts from the flower, fruit and herbal. One of these is Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed embryo. Caenorhabditis elegans is an animal model which has short life cycle and its genome is well defined. Besides, it is easily to raise under the lab environment. Therefore, the C. elegans is chosen as the model to screen out the anti-aging compound(s) in the N. nucifera Gaertn. seed embryo. We have found that the fifth fraction of n-butanol fraction of methanol extract of N. nucifera Gaertn. seed embryo (Nn-M-B-V) can ignificantly extend the mean lifespan of C. elegans by 8.5%. Therefore, HPLC was employed to separate Nn-M-B-V and two sub-fractions (Nn-M-B-V-3 and Nn-M-B-V-4) were collected. According to the result of lifespan test, we found that the Nn-M-B-V-3 can significantly extend the mean lifespan by maximum 11.86% and minimum 3.54%. In the past research, we assumed that the Nn-M-B-V-3 is flavonoid. We try to separate and purify the Nn-M-B-V-3. The LC/MSn result suggested that Nn-M-B-V-3 contain 3 major compounds, which has the same molecule weight—564. That, these 3 major compounds were separated by HPLC and collected for NMR analysis. According to the NMR result, we preliminary assume that peak-2 is a diglycoside flavonoid.
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Chung, Dai-Jung y 鍾岱融. "Cardiovascular preventive effect of Nelumbo Nucifera gallic acid via targeting miRNAs and related signals". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k5nc5d.
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博士中山醫學大學
生化微生物免疫研究所
106
In recent studies on cardiovascular diseases, it has been shown that obesity and diabetes are more likely to cause atherosclerosis, and lipid accumulation and inflammation caused by the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins leads to blood vessel obstruction. The current research focuses on the regulation of cardiovascular production and disease by targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) targets. In the past, our lab studied Nelumbo Nucifera has the following effects: Nelumbo Nucifera extract reduces the proliferation and metastasis of vascular smooth muscle cells, and Nelumbo Nucifera leaf polyphenols extract (NLPE) and its main ingredient Gallic acid (GA) inhibit mouse obesity and fatty liver function. However, the regulation of atherosclerosis by miRNAs with Nelumbo Nucifera is still rare research and complete architecture. The experimental framework can be divided into two main parts: The first part discusses the role of miRNAs in the regulation of TNF-α-induced proliferation and metastasis of vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of miRNAs in lotus leaf polyphenols and their main components. We simulated the microenvironment of vascular inflammation by adding TNF-α in cell experiments. After that, we observed whether the proliferation and metastasis of vascular smooth muscle cells due to inflammation can be suppressed by adding NLPE and GA. In the past, many literatures pointed out that miR-21, miR-143, and miR-145 are involved in the regulation of proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Therefore, the first part of the study focused on this miRNAs and related target proteins. The results showed that in the inflamed environment, miR-21 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells was increased, and its relative target protein PTEN expression was inhibited. In addition, the expression of miR-143 and miR-145 decreased when the cells became inflamed. The Ras and RhoA expressions of their target proteins were elevated due to the decreased expression of miRNAs. The downstream proliferation and metastasis-related expression proteins also increased. After addition of NLPE and GA, the expression of proliferative and metastatic proteins was decreased by regulating miR-21, miR-143, and miR-145. The second part mainly uses db/db mice fed high-fat diet to simulate the environment of cardiovascular lesions caused by diabetes. We observed whether GA can inhibit the formation of cardiovascular disease under this condition. MicroRNA Arrays were then used to observe the behavior of miRNAs in the cardiovascular system and then validated using cell experiments with vascular endothelial cells and macrophages. In cardiovascular immunohistochemical staining, increased expression of Ras, RhoA, and NF-κB was observed in the hyperlipid-induced group, whereas in the GA group, the expression of the protein was shown to be suppressed. In the Array data analysis, the study used RNA22 Tool, TargetScan and other sites to find new target miRNAs to verify whether it affects vascular endothelial cell adhesion due to inflammation and the formation of foam cells. The results showed that hsa-mir-199a-3p, hsa-mir-874-5p, hsa-mir-15a-3p, and hsa-mir-485-5p regulate NF-κB, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1 performance respectively. After treating NLPE and GA, its target protein expression can be inhibited by increasing the expression of miRNAs. In macrophages, mmu-mir-677-5p and mmu-mir-499-5p regulate the expression of SOD-1 and SR-A, respectively. After treatment of NLPE and GA, the performance of SOD-1 can be improved by decreasing the manifestation of mmu-mir-677-5p, and the expression of mmu-mir-499-5p can be decreased to reduce the performance of SR-A. Based on the above results, NLPE and GA have the ability to mediate the expression of miRNAs in vascular smooth muscle cells, vascular endothelial cells, and macrophages, thereby affecting the performance of downstream target proteins. For the chronic inflammation of the blood vessels or the symptoms of cardiovascular inflammation caused by diabetes, it could inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of vascular smooth muscle cells, and slow down the adhesion of vascular endothelial cells and the formation of foam cells, which is significant for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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黃珠雲. "Total Synthesis of Chemical Components of the Leaves of Nelumbo nucifera: (±)-Armepavine、(±)-Nuciferine and Derivatives". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72341331317626031029.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
化學系
96
The leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertnero is a perennial aquatic crop grown.Its chemical composition contains :Anonaine、Nuciferine、N-nornuciderine、Armepavine、N-methylcoclaurine、Roemerine、Liriodenine and Pronuciferine belonging to aporphine and benzylisoquinoline structure of isoquinoline alkloids.In he biological activity uciferinehas been shown to possess an hibitory action toward acetylcholine in rat Renshaw cells . N-Nornuciferine Ｒoemerine heaveexhibited inhibitory activity to CD45 protein tyrosine phosphatase.；The in vivo studyshowed that (S)-Armepavine prevented lymphadenopathy and elongated life span of MRL-lpr/lpr mice.It seemed to be mediated by inhibition of splenocytes proliferation, suppression of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10 genes xpression, reduction of glomerularhypercellularity and immune complexes. Furthermore, the in vitro data demonstrated Ar PBMCs proliferation by impairing IL-2 and IFN-γreanscript and production.the study found that Ar could modified T cell-mediated immune response to improve MRL-lpr/lpr mice disease progression.In anti-HIV activity: dl- Armepavine: EC50<0.8μg/ml；Nuciferine:EC50=0.8μg/ml，TI=36.The natural product was isolated from leaves of N. nucifera just 0.29% yield.We anticipated to synthesis natural product of leaves of N. nucifera for researching its effective biological activity. The natural products from leaves of N. nucifera belonging to aporphine and benzylisoquinoline structure of isoquinoline alkloids, in our strategy used amide as precursor via Bischler-Napieralski cyclization to complete (±)-Armepavine (30) and synthesis of (±)-Nuciferine（35）and (±)-N-nornuciferine(38) by radical cyclization.
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Yun-Chia y 洪云佳. "The flavonoid-rich extract from Nelumbo Nucifera leave inhibited complications of type II diabetes mellitus". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ym5t6a.
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碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
100
Type II diabetes mellitus (type II DM) patients have insulin resistance, which leads glucose fail to transport for energy metabolism and causes hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhances oxidative stress. Overproduction of free radicals causes various diabetic complications including hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other. Diabetic vascular disease is the major lethal reason in type II DM patients. In this study, low dose streptozocin (STZ) was administrated to induce type II DM in HFD-fed SD rats. After the STZ induced, the effect of Nelumbo Nucifera leave extract (NLE) was observed in type II DM rats. Our results showed that NLE induced AMPK phosphorylation, increased insulin secretion, promoted anti-oxidant enzyme activity, and through regulated MAPKs and Akt protein expression to reduce fatty liver formation, ameliorate renal injury and inhibit vascular disease in type II DM rat. In cellular experimental, NLE inhibited high glucose-induced proliferation and migration in VSMCs. Furthermore, NLE ameliorated insulin signal, enhanced anti-oxidant enzyme activity, and reduced MAPKs, Akt and inflammatory factor expression. In brief, NLE attenuated diabetic complications in type II DM rats and inhibited HG-induced proliferation and migration in VSMCs. These data suggested that NLE might provide alleviative effects against diabetic deterioration.
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Ru, Chang Chien y 張茜茹. "Research on Preparation of Lotus (Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn.) Seed Protein Hydrolysates and Their Antioxidant Activities". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62079939380669140845.
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碩士輔仁大學
食品科學系碩士班
103
Abstract Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) seeds are widely used as traditional medicine in Asia. The average moisture, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate contents were 4.3%, 5.5%, 21.9%, 2.4%, and 65.9%, respectively, on a dry weight of powder. The lotus seed protein isolate (LSPI) was then enriched with 93.9% of protein content and a 10.2% final yield was obtained. The LSPI was hydrolyzed using commercial protease (alcalase and flavourzyme) to evaluate antioxidant activities by DPPH scavenging ability, reducing power, ferrous chelating, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging. At all antioxidative assays, antioxidative activities increased with increasing DH, and exhibited significantly difference compared to LSPI. The highest degree of hydrolysis was found after 180 min of hydrolysis with alcalase and flavourzyme. There was a dose-dependent relationship between hydrolysate concentration and antioxidant activity. The hydrolysate (DH 180) prepared from flavourzyme possessed the highest scavenging activities on DPPH (EC50 2.96 mg/mL), ferrous chelating (EC50 4.34 mg/mL), reducing powder, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (EC50 > 16.10 mg/mL). The SDS-PAGE data showed a range of low molecular weight peptides generated after hydrolysis and may contribute to antioxidant capacities. Therefore, lotus seed protein hydrolysates could be used as a potential bioactive ingredient for preventing production of reactive oxygen species. Keywords: Lotus seed, protein hydrolysate, protein isolate, antioxidant
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Yu, Meng-Hsun y 游孟勳. "The flavonoid-rich extract from Nelumbo Nucifera leave inhibits obesity factor induced breast cancer metastasis". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87090573337200632712.
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碩士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
101
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the Taiwan. Then breast cancer deaths accounted for 28.4% of all the cancer deaths, and have been associated with obesity. Previous studies, has been confirmed Nelumbo nucifera leave extract (NLE) can effectively reduce the fatty liver, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia and anti-oxidative properties. Thus, we investigated the relationship between obesity and breast cancer, and evaluated the inhibitory effect of NLE on the adipocytes-induced breast cancer progression. Adipocyte secreted conditioned medium (CM) noticeably induced breast cancer migration. NLE diminished the CM-induced migration number of breast cancer cell by boyden chamber assay. A direct correlation was found between adipocyte and breast cancer cell migration. Similarly, we used of ECIS assay, wound healing assay and transwell assay identical results were found. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of breast cancer cell migration using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. We found CM increased the proteins level of the Hsp90, StarD10, Peroxiredoxin 6. The results suggest that CM stimulates migration of breast cancer cells, perhaps through the interaction of these proteins. Under the CM treatment, phosphorylated JNK, PI3K/Akt, StarD10 and Peroxiredoxin 6 levels of MCF-7 cells treated with NLE can significantly inhibited the protein expression were measured by Western blot analysis. These data indicate adipocytes provide a major component of the microenvironment for rapid tumor growth and migration, and this increase was inhibited significantly by NLE treatment. In summary, the study indicated that the future for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, NLE inhibited cancer metastasis has developed into a process of natural drugs.
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Hicks, David James. "Development and evaluation of a system for the study of mineral nutrition of sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)". Thesis, 2005. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/23184.
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The sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is a large aquatic plant endemic to subtropical and tropical Asia and northern Australia. Lotus has a combination of morphological and anatomical features that make it challenging for research work. The necessity of research on lotus is driven by niche market opportunities identified in Japan during counter seasonal production periods. Several features of lotus are utilised for consumer applications with commercial promise including seeds, young shoots and rhizome production. Further, the flowers and seed pods have value as cut-flower products and religious decoration. Several challenges have to be overcome before production of adequate products can be realised in Australia. The challenges which can be addressed most immediately are the questions regarding plant nutrition for lotus. In order to accomplish certain objectives, development of a system for growth and analysis of imposed nutrient treatments in replication, which accommodated a plant with unusual and seasonal attributes, was essential. The results of the tests conducted on the trialled system, whilst not conclusive, provide a solid reference for any future research on lotus nutrition. Recommendations are made for design and enhancement of the system to provide guidelines for such research.
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Liu, Shu-Mei y 劉淑美. "Analysis of ribonuclease activity and tissue localization of tuber proteins of Chinese lotus(nelumbo nucifera gaertn)". Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07614177594637079764.
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Pillay, Tharushka. "A double blind placebo controlled proving of Nelumbo nucifera 30CH with subsequent comparison to its cultural significance". Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2587.
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WU, CHIA-CHI y 吳家齊. "Study of Antioxidant Activity and DNA Protection of Ethanolic Extracts for Different Parts of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera, Gaertn)". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h8wxsa.
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碩士中國文化大學
生物科技研究所
105
Nelumbo nucifera (lotus) is one of the plants that have been used for its medicinal properties since ancient times. Several bioactive compounds have been derived from these plant parts belonging to different chemical groups, including flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, triterpenoid, vitamins etc., which all have their own therapeutic impact. Previous studies show that the inedible parts of lotus (epicarp, seedpod etc.,) and edible parts of lotus (lotus seed) have strong antioxidant activity. However, less information is available about the compare of different parts of lotus simultaneously. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and DNA protection of different parts (seedpod, epicarp, and seed) of the lotus. The dry lotus seedpod, epicarp, and seed were crushed using a micro-grinder, then were extracted with ethanol The antioxidant activity was measured by different models, including DPPH．, ABTS．radical scavenging capacity and reducing power. In addition, the extracts were measured the total phenol content, total flavonolic content and examined the DNA protection ability. The lotus epicarp and lotus seedpod had strong DPPH‧ and ABTS‧scavenge activity. The IC50 of the lotus epicarp and lotus seedpod were stronger than the lotus seed. The lotus epicarp had the greatest reducing power. The order of EC50 value in reducing power was lotus epicarp < lotus seedpod < lotus seed. The total phenol and total flavonolic contents distribution in the different part of lotus was as followed: epicarp > lotus seedpod > lotus seed. The DNA protection experiment showed that all samples had DNA protection abilities with increasing concentration. The cytotoxicity test showed that all the sample were not toxic and the cell antioxidant test showed that all the sample had antioxidant activity. These results demonstrated that the ethanolic extracts of lotus epicarp and lotus seedpod have excellent antioxidant activity, indicating their potential applications are worthy of further investigations for salvage.
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LIN, YIN-ZHU y 林英助. "Analysis of the storage proteins and their cDNA clones in rhizome tubers of Chinese lotus (nelumbo nucifera gaertn)". Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70170022009710169229.
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Liao, Chun-Huei y 廖純慧. "Purification and anti-inflammatory effects of a lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) plumule polysaccharide in vitro and in vivo". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84084356719060406163.
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博士國立中興大學
食品暨應用生物科技學系所
100
Polysaccharides have been reported to have different physiological functions, but their immunological regulatory effects have not been fully clarified. To compare possible immunological regulatory effects of different plant polysaccharides, lotus plumule polysaccharides (LPPS), tree mushroom polysaccharide (TMPS), white cabbage polysaccharide (WCPS) and red cabbage polysaccharide (RCPS) were extracted with hot water and then precipitated using 70% alcohol. Non-cytotoxic doses of the polysaccharides were determined and administered to mouse primary splenocytes in the absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to investigate effects of different plant polysaccharides on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretions. The results showed that pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α/IL-10) secretion ratios were significantly decreased in dose-dependent manners by LPPS and TMPS, respectively, in the absence of LPS, suggesting that LPPS and TMPS might have anti-inflammatory potential. However, only LPPS treated in the presence of LPS significantly decreased TNF-α/IL-10 secretion ratios in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that LPPS has the strongest anti-inflammatory effect among four different plant polysaccharides selected in this study, via decreasing pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion ratios by mouse primary splenocytes. TMPS also had a mild anti-inflammatory effect. To confirm anti-inflammatory effects of LPPS, LPPS was further studied in vitro and in vivo for immunomodulatory functions using type 1 non-obese diabetes (NOD) female mice. The results showed that LPPS may have potential anti-inflammatory activity in vitro via increasing secretion ratios of anti-/pro-inflammatory (IL-10/IL-6) cytokines by splenocytes of NOD female mice. After a 15-week feeding experiment, the results showed that LPPS significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the absolute weights of the enlarged spleens in the NOD mice in a dose-dependent manner, inhibited pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-6 cytokine production and decreased the secretion ratio of IL-6/IL-10 in splenocyte cultures. LPPS markedly decreased the relative expression of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokine genes (TNF-α/IL-10 and IL-6/IL-10) in the livers of NOD mice. Furthermore, LPPS significantly (P < 0.05) increased pancreatic islet cell numbers and slightly enhanced their basal insulin secretion ability compared to the control group. LPPS administration improved serum lipid profiles in the diabetic mice, via relatively increasing serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, but decreasing low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and total cholesterol levels. Overall, the results suggest that LPPS supplementation may in vivo ameliorate type 1 diabetes progress and its complications through modulating pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in spleen and liver, protecting pancreatic islets and modulating serum lipid profiles. In order to understand the characteristics of LPPS, LPPS was further purified and characterized. Results showed that there were two major components fraction-1 (F1) and F2 in LPPS using gel filtration analysis. The molecular weights of native F1 and F2 approximately distributed at > 2,000 kDa and 25.7 kDa, respectively. The total protein and carbohydrate constituent ratios in LPPS, F1 and F2 revealed that F1 might be a major proteopolysaccharide component and F2 was a glycoprotein constituent in LPPS. To unravel the anti-inflammatory effects of LPPS and its purified components F1 and F2, in vitro experimental models using RAW264.7 macrophages and primary splenocytes from BALB/c mice were established. The results showed that purified components, F1 and F2 from LPPS, had strong anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages in a preventive manner via decreasing pro-/anti- inflammatory (IL-6/IL-10) cytokine secretion ratios; however F2 was superior to F1. In addition, F1 and F2 from LPPS had strong anti-inflammatory effects on primary splenocytes via decreasing pro-/anti-inflammatory (IL-1β and TNF-α/IL-10) cytokine secretion ratios; however F2 was superior to F1. Our results indicated that F2 had the most potential anti-inflammatory effect, suggesting that F2 is a major active component in LPPS. In order to further unravel the anti-inflammatory mechanism of LPPS and its purified components F1 and F2, in vitro experimental models using primary splenocytes from BALB/c mice were performed. The results showed that purified components, F1 and F2, significantly decreased Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) or/and TLR-4 mRNA relative expression levels in the splenocytes under the inflammatory and repair experiments. The results suggested that LPPS, F1 and F2 exerted their anti-inflammatory effects possibly through decreasing TLR-2 or/and TLR-4 expression levels in splenocytes. In summary, we found LPPS had anti-inflammatory potential in vitro and in vivo. There were two major components F1 and F2 in LPPS. F1 might be a major proteopolysaccharide component in LPPS. F2 was a glycoprotein constituent in LPPS and is suggested to be a major active component for the anti-inflammatory effect. F1 and F2 from LPPS exerted their anti-inflammatory effects possibly through decreasing TLR-2 or/and TLR-4 expression levels in the splenocytes.
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Matthews, Philip G. D. "Respiratory adaptations of secondarily aquatic organisms: studies on diving insects and sacred lotus". 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/47563.
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Compared with the free atmosphere, the aquatic environment is oxygen poor. As a result many secondarily aquatic organisms have adaptations that allow them to continue to use the atmosphere, directly or indirectly, to supply their oxygen requirements. This thesis examines how diving insects use bubbles of air collected at the surface of the water as oxygen reserves, gills and flotation devices, and how an aquatic angiosperm channels convective flows of air from its emergent leaves to its submerged organs. 1. Backswimmers (Anisops spp.) begin a dive positively buoyant, but rapidly enter a protracted period of near neutral buoyancy. A bubble of air held on the insect’s abdomen shrinks as respiration consumes its oxygen, while at the same time highly soluble carbon dioxide dissolves into the surrounding water. The reduced air volume confers neutral buoyancy. In response to low oxygen partial pressure (PO2) in the bubble, oxygen is released from large haemoglobin cells in the abdomen. The haemoglobin’s sensitivity to falling PO2 maintains the oxygen tension between 5.1 and 2.0 kPa. This stabilises the volume and buoyancy of the bubble. During a dive the haemoglobin and air-store supply 0.25 and 0.26 μL of oxygen, respectively. 2. The oxygen affinity of backswimmer haemoglobin determines the stability of the neutrally buoyant phase as well as its ability to satisfy the insect’s respiration. An oxygen equilibrium curve (OEC) determined in vivo has a highly sigmoid shape and an oxygen affinity of 3.9 kPa. In comparison with OEC made in vitro, the in vivo measurements show increased cooperativity and oxygen affinity, consistent with the presence of cationic effectors. Models strongly support the accuracy of the in vivo OEC method. 3. It has long been assumed that a bubble of air held over the spiracles of an insect enables the uptake of oxygen from the surrounding water and thus acts as a ‘gas gill’. Oxygen diffuses into a bubble of air when its PO2 is lower than the surrounding water, but a coincident higher nitrogen partial pressure causes it to dissolve. Several models have been produced to describe the gas exchange process, but all are based on untested assumptions of gill parameters. Measurements of gas gill volume and PO2 made on water bugs (Agraptocorixa eurynome) demonstrate that both drop quickly at the beginning of a dive, but PO2 reaches a stable level while the gas gill continues to dissolve. The importance of ventilation in maintaining an acceptable rate of oxygen consumption is also shown. 4. Interconnected gas spaces within the leaves, stems and rhizomes are a common feature of many emergent aquatic plants. Pressurised air from the leaves and culms of these plants ventilate these lacunae, flowing back to the atmosphere through efflux points. Unlike most aquatic plants, which have simple interconnected pith spaces, sacred lotus, Nelumbo nucifera, possess discrete gas canals which only interconnect where a leaf grows from the rhizome. Silicone casts and pneumatic tests of the gas canals reveal a complex repeating pattern of interconnections which channel air from specific regions of the leaf blade to the rhizome and out through efflux points on adjacent leaves. 5. Lotus, Nelumbo nucifera, possess in the centre of their leaves a specialised efflux organ which connects the gas canals in the leaves and stems with the atmosphere through the apertures of large stomata. Measurements made on excised lotus leaves and in situ reveal that the large stomata act as exhaust valves, opening and closing in a diurnal pattern to regulate the flow of pressurised gas from the leaf lamina and gas canals. This behaviour is shown to regulate gas flow rate and direction. The aquatic environment offers similar respiratory challenges to both plants and insects. While the oxygen uptake and transport mechanisms evolved by these groups are markedly different, they all function according to the same physical laws. Diving insects are separated from the atmosphere while underwater, forcing them to rely on oxygen either carried with them from the surface or extracted from the surrounding water. Emergent aquatic plants have permanent access to atmospheric oxygen, but must transport it long distances from their aerial leaves and stems to their roots and rhizomes. This thesis examines the uptake and storage of oxygen by diving insects and the gas transport system of the sacred lotus.Thesis(Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2008
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LI, LI-YU y 李梨瑜. "Investigations on the growth and factors related to low seed sets of seed type lotus (nelumbo nucifera gaertn.) in southern Taiwan". Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54019119646784743757.
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Ho, Yi-Shiuan y 何怡萱. "Effects of embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed, Agaricus blazei Murill, (-)-epicatechin and proanthocyanidin A2 on anti-aging of Caenorhabditis elegans". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07091789048878748381.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
食品科技研究所
97
Aging is one of the natural physiological changes in living organisms. However, the aging rate is different for each individual. Many factors influence aging and one major factor is food intake. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of some edible materials, including Agaricus blazei Murill, embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed, (-)-epicatechin, and proanthocyanidin A2 to delay aging in C. elegans model and we used EUK-8 and resveratrol as the positive controls. We first investigated the thermotolerance effects of different samples. Results showed that the positive controls, EUK-8 and resveratrol, could increase thermotolerance in C. elegans. In the experimental samples, (-)-epicatechin, proanthocyanidin A2 (PA2), water extract of Agaricus blazei Murill (Ab-W), 70% methanol extract of embryo of N. nucifera Gaertn. seed (Nn-M), n-butanol fraction of Nn-M (Nn-M-B) and the fifth sub-fraction obtained after column chromatography of Nn-M-B (Nn-M-B-V) all displayed thermotolerance activities. To further examine the anti-aging effect, the lifespan assay was carried out for the samples possessing thermotolerance activities. Both EUK-8 (50 μM) and resveratrol (100 μM) could increase lifespan of C. elegans by 10.5% and 3.0%, and the other test samples including (-)-epicatechin (50 μM), PA2 (100 μM), Ab-W (100 ppm), Nn-M (1000 ppm), Nn-M-B (100 ppm), and Nn-M-B-V (25 ppm) could also increase lifespan of C. elegans by 12.7%, 8.9%, 9.3%, 12.0%, 12.5%, and 8.2%, respectively. The results suggested that test samples had good anti-aging activities. In the assay of oxidative-stress induced by H2O2, EUK-8 (50 μM), (-)-epicatechin (50 μM), and PA2 (100 μM) raised the survival rates by 63.3%, 71.1%, and 78.5%, respectively, statistically all three of them possessed the same level of activity. It is known that EUK-8 extends the lifespan of C. elegans by acting as an antioxidant, so (-)-epicatechin and PA2 may also prolong lifespan by the strong antioxidant activities. Ab-W (100 ppm) and Nn-M-B (100 ppm) only increased the survival rates by 20.3% and 44.5%. Although the ability of EUK-8, Ab-W and Nn-M-B in extending the lifespan were similar, their effects in increasing the survival rate under oxidative stress were quite different. It is, therefore, suggested that Ab-W and Nn-M-B prolong the lifespan not only by antioxidant property but also by other mechanisms. In pharyngeal pumping rate test, we found that (-)-epicatechin, PA2, Ab-W, and Nn-M-B could delay the age-related declines of pharyngeal pumping. The results also indicated that those samples did not decrease the food intake of C. elegans, so the extended lifespan by caloric restriction could be excluded. To understand the antioxidant activity of the samples with anti-aging activities, we conducted in vitro antioxidative experiments, including DPPH free radical scavenging and total polyphenols assays. In DPPH free radical scavenging assay, (-)-epicatechin and PA2 showed better activity than the positive controls trolox and α-tocopherol followed by Nn-M-B. Howerver, Ab-W and ethanol extract of Agaricus blazei Murill (Ab-E) displayed the least activity. In the total polyphenols assay, Nn-M-B had higher total polyphenols content than Ab-E and Ab-W. In this research, we found that (-)-epicatechin and PA2 extended the lifespan of C. elegans mainly by antioxidant activity. However, Nn-M-B and Ab-W may increase the lifespan of C. elegans by other mechanisms than antioxidant activity.
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Mon-Yuan y 楊孟元. "Part I Morus alba leaves extract prevents atherosclerosis developmentPartII Inhibitory effects of Nelumbo Nucifera leaf extract on human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65663167780751022461.
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博士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
98
Part I Cardiovascular disease has been a major cause of mortality in human and hyperlipidemia plays an important role contributing to atherosclerosis. Oxidated LDL (ox-LDL) has known to damage the endothelial cells and cause endothelial dysfunction. And ox-LDL-mediated foam cell formation by macrophage initiates the cascade of atherosclerosis. This study was to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-atherosclerotic effects of the MLE and MLPE by a model of in vitro antioxdation and cell culture. As shown in previous studies Morus alba L. leaves extract is a nature plant containing a lot of pigments that was found to possess antioxidative activity. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidative activity of the Morus alba L. leaves extract (MLE and MLPE) by measuring their effects on LDL oxidation and anti-atherosclerotic abilities. MLE and MLPE possessed the ability of DPPH radical scavenging. The antioxidative activity of the MLE and MLPE on LDL oxidation was defined by relative electrophoretic mobility (REM) and thiobarbituric acid-relative substances (TBARS) assay. Our results showed that MLE and MLPE were able to reduce REM and inhibit TBARS assay in the Cu2+-mediated oxidative LDL. Taken together, low concentration of MLE and MLPE could reduce marked the cellular cholesterol and triglycerides accumulation in macrophage and inhibit the formation of foam cells. MLE inhibits ox-LDL-induced CD36 and SR-A expression. We found MLE also reduced ox-LDL-mediated ROS increased. MLE reduces macrophage phagocytosis by Dil-acLDL. Our study demonstrates the MLE and MLPE can inhibit the oxidation of LDL and has the anti-oxidatic and anti-atherosclerotic properties. Part II Over the pass decade, advances in understanding carcinogenesis have made possible the identification of the candidates of chemopreventive agents that are being developed to hit the key molecular targets. Nuciferine Leaf extract (NLE) has been identified a lot of benefit about anti-oxidant and reduced risks of cardiovascular disease. In this study aimed to define the anti-carcinogenesis and the mechanism of NLE reduced chemical-induced cancer in animal model. First we found that NLE extracted from Nuciferine Leaf suppressed the chemical induced incidence, multiplicity and tumor volume of mammary tumors in rats. Next, we observed that NLE caused the cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in human breast cancer cell line MCF7. The result also revealed that NLE reduced phosphorylation in Akt and expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) in NLE-treated MCF7 cells. Finally, murine xenograft model also confirmed that NLE inhibited tumor growth rate and tumor weight. Altogether, the findings of the study reveal that NLE should be used to develop a new chemopreventive agent.
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Hsu, Lan-I. y 許嵐億. "Purifying the components of Nelumbo nucifera and Scutellaria barbata which inhibit the CDK5-mediated PPAR γ phosphorylation and evaluting their effects on hepatocytes and adipocytes". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/syvpkd.
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碩士國立中正大學
生命科學系分子生物研究所
105
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic-related disease. In recent years, the boom economy has changed people's lifestyle and diet, and resulted in the increasing number of people suffering from diabetes. Over the years, many drugs had been used for treating Type II diabetes. Recently, metformin has been shown to reduce mortality. Metformin is mainly used as First-line drugs. If Metformin does not adequately control the disease, other auxiliary oral drugs will be used. Among many of diabetes suppressing drugs, Thiazolidinedione(TZD) can increase body tissues’ sensitivity toward insulin. TZD can inhibit diabetes that is achieved by inhibiting PPAR-phosphorylation from Cdk5. It will promote the regulation of adipocyte differentiation by PPAR γ. However, it also results in weight gain in patients after treatment with other adverse side effects. However, previous studies have pointed out that some artificial compounds can inhibit phosphorylation of PPAR γ and do not promote adipocyte differentiation. Therefore, we plan to extensively screen herbal extract, looking for compounds from herbal extract that can inhibit PPAR γ phosphorylation mediated by CDK5, and purify those active compounds. Thus far, I have purified the active fraction from Lotus leaf and Scutellaria barbata that can inhibit PPAR γ phosphorylation. I have also treated primary hepatocytes with the active fraction from Lotus leaf, and observed changes in the expression of glucose metabolism-related genes. In the future, I will use 3T3-L1 adipocyte precursor for testing and exclude compounds that promote adipocyte differentiation. Finally, I will also test the effects of the purified active compounds on the mice with high-fat diet–induced diabetes, and observe whether they could alleviate the hyperglycemic condition without causing weight gain and edema.
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Tsai, I.-Chieh y 蔡依潔. "Neuroprotective effects of several phytochemicals from Angelica Sinensis Radix and seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn against Aβ1-42-induced toxicity in rat cortical neurons". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79890714033214027049.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
食品科技研究所
99
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline in memory, orientation, judgment, and reasoning; it is also the most common form of dementia among the elderly people. Pathologically, AD is manifested by oxidative stress induced neuronal cell death, deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide into senile plaques in the extracellular space, and formation of neurofibrillary tangles inside the neurons. Recent studies suggest that soluble Aβ oligomers may be the primary toxic species in AD. Therefore, the objective of this study is to find the potential phytochemicals that can protect neuron against Aβ oligomer induced toxicity. Flavonoids, a large group of natural compounds, have been proven to possess neuroprotective effects through its antioxidative ability. Flavonoids isolated from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) seed embryo were identified to be orientin. isoorientin, isoquercirtrin and hyperoside. Also, Z-ligustilide is an active compound in Angelica sinensis. Using Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) as positive control, we plan on tesing the above phytochemicals for the potential neuroprotective effect against Aβ1-42 induced toxicity in primary rat cortical neurons. According to the results of cell viability assessed by the MTT colorimetric assay, the most effective dose of isoorientin and isoquercitrin is 5 μM, and Z-ligustlie、orientin and hyperoside is 25 μM. The protctive effect are as follows: orientin > Z-ligustlie > isoorientin > hyperoside > isoquercitrin. In dot blot assay, only EGb761 was found to inhibit the Aβ1-42 fibrillization, indicating that these compounds may protect neuron through accelerating Aβ assembly.
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Tang, Chang-Chieh y 湯成杰. "Morus alba L. and Nelumbo Nucifera leaf extract prevents alcoholic steatohepatitis and body fat formation via anti-inflammation and inhibition of lipogenesis in C57BL/6J Mice". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/246aw4.
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博士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
102
Many plant extracts and their bioactive substances are well recognized for their potential to exert as chemoprotective agents against common alcoholic liver injury. The roles Morus alba L. (MWE) and Nelumbo nucifera leaf water extract (NLE) play in preventing alcoholic liver disease and body fat formation remain unknown. In this study, we were undertaken to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect mechanisms of MWE and NLE in experimental alcoholic steatohepatitis animal models. Six groups of C57BL/6J mice were fed on Lieber-DeCarli regular diet with or without ethanol of 36% energy for 6 weeks. Results found the MWE contain many nutrients and bioactive substances, including fifteen types of polyphenols and anthocyanin compounds. NLE contained polyphenols (phenolic acids and flavonoids) more than 70% maybe the main functional components in NLE that potentially provided benefits for alcoholic liver disease. The parameters of histopathology, immunohistochemistry, antioxidant defense, proinflammatory mediator and lipid synthesis-related proteins demonstrated the inhibitory effect of MWE and NLE on alcoholic steatohepatitis. Plasma and hepatic content analysis showed that MWE and NLE inhibited lipid accumulation by altering the levels of triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol (TC). Treatment with MWE or NLE increased the expression of the p-AMPK/AMPK ratio and PPAR-α. Furthermore, fatty acid oxidation and transport via carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) were through the activation of the AMPK and PPAR-α signal. These results revealed that MWE and NLE prevent alcoholic steatohepatitis by multiple pathways, including reduced lipid synthesis, enhanced fatty acid oxidation and transport responses, inhibited oxidative stress and facilitated anti-inflammation. Suggesting that MWE and NLE might be regarded as beneficial foods, and have potentiality in developing the natural agent against for preventing alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Ho, Ya-Lan y 何雅嵐. "Investigation on the antioxidation activities of the embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed and sesame meal and the effects on prolonging the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63608003454690120654.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
食品科技研究所
95
Aging is an inherently complex process that is manifested within an organism at molecular, cellular, organ, and system levels. There are many theories that have been put forward to explain the process of aging, and one mechanism involving free radical damage seems to emerge in a quite consensual manner. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced by a variety of processes, can cause extensive oxidative damages, which would be responsible for age-associated loss of functional capacity. Dietary interventions with antioxidants seem to demonstrate some potential benefits on the average life expectancy, probably by reducing the onset of age-related diseases. In the previous study conducted in our laboratory, using “inhibition of aggregated Aβ-induced PC-12 cell death” as the model for Alzheimer’s disease, has shown that embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed and defatted Sesamum indicum L. have good anti-Alzheimer’s disease capacity. Since both aging and neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer’s disease are associated with in vivo oxidative damage, we are therefore interested in investigating the in vitro antioxidation and in vivo anti-aging effects of embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed and defatted Sesamum indicum L. The crude extracts from different solvents were prepared by extracting these two raw materials with boiling water and four solvents (95% ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and n-hexane) at room temperature. Then the different solvent extracts of embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed and defatted Sesamum indicum L. were tested for two antioxidative assays, including DPPH free radical scavenging effect and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay. They were also examined for anti-aging activity using the “prolongation of C. elegans lifespan” as the model, and EUK-8 as the positive control. The results of antioxidant assays revealed that the best effects was exhibited by the 95% ethanol extract of the embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed, followed by its water, acetone, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract. The EC50 value of embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed 95% ethanol extract in scavenging DPPH free radicals was 47.32±1.20 μg/mL, while its TEAC value was 0.31 mM Trolox equivalent. The EC50 of the positive control (α-tocopherol) is 8.40±0.13 μg/mL for DPPH scavenging ability and ascorbic acid for TEAC assay (TEAC value was 1.16 mM Trolox equivalent). Different solvents extracts of the defatted Sesamum indicum L. did not show good antioxidant activity from both antioxidant assays. Results of anti-aging model experiment showed that treatment of worms with embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed 95% ethanol extract had the best effect on extension the lifespan of C. elegans. Treatment of worms with 1000 μg/mL embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed 95% ethanol extract resulted in an increase in mean lifespan of 25.8% (p＜ 0.001) and also extended maximum lifespan (35 days) and 80% death time (28.2 days). The effect was similar to that of 100 μM (35.5 μg/mL) EUK-8 which can increase mean lifespan by 24.1% (p＜0.001) and can also extend maximum lifespan (35 days) and 80% death time (27.0 days). After liquid-liquid partition of the 95% ethanol extract of the embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed with n-hexane, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and water consecutively, the water fraction showed the best antioxidant activity. The EC50 value of the water fraction in scavenging DPPH free radical was 25.17±0.19 μg/mL, and the result of TEAC assay (0.41 mM Trolox equivalent) was also the highest. Among the four fractions, water fraction of the embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed 95% ethanol extract had the best effect on the lifespan of C. elegans. Treatment of worms with 100 μg/mL water fraction increased their mean (16.3% (p=0.0036)) and maximum (17.2%) lifespan in addition to 80% death time (12.5%). Extension of the lifespan of C. elegans also exhibited dose response was observed. The effect of 100 μg/mL water fraction had similar effect as the 25 μM (8.9 μg/mL) EUK-8 which increased mean lifespan by 16.3% (p=0.0044) and also extended maximum lifespan (13.8%) and 80% death time (14.3%). This study showed that the water fractions of the 95% ethanol extract of the embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seed contained components with antioxidant activity and could also prolong the lifespan of C. elegans. It thus has good potential to be developed as a functional food for anti-aging.
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Cheng-Hsun y 吳政訓. "1.EP4 Upregulation of Ras Signaling and Feedback Regulation of Ras in Human Colon Tissue and Cancer cell2.Improvement in High-fat Diet-induced Obesity and Liver Fat Accumulation by a Nelumbo nucifera Leaf Flavonoid-rich Extract in Mice". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69424464540085709822.
Texto completoResumen
博士中山醫學大學
生化暨生物科技研究所
98
1. Recent advances in molecular genetics have revealed that multiple genetic alterations including activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes are required for tumor development and progression. K-ras is frequently mutated in colorectal cancer. COX-2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cancers progression. Previous studies have shown that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor is involved in intestinal carcinogenesis and activation of downstream pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms that link to K-ras, COX-2 and PGE2 receptor are currently unclear. In this study, we transfer pcDNA3.1 and pcDNA-K-ras in to HT29 colorectal cancer cells. Then were analyzed cell proliferation by MTT assay, protein expression by Western blot, transcription factor activity by EMSA (Electrophoretic mobility shift assay) and cell cycle by flow cytometry. In our data showed K-ras induce HT29 cells proliferation, but it did not affect other small G protein family expression. In addition to K-ras induce COX-2 and EP1/EP4 expression. K-ras inhibits GSK3β activity through pAkt. So we suppose over-expression Ras protein led to cell proliferation with activation of the phosphatidylinosotol-3 Kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, an effect likely to be due to inhibits GSK3β (Glycogen synthase kinase 3β)activity. Inhibition of GSK3 stabilizes β-catenin (decrease its degradation) and promotes β-catenin nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of TCF-regulated gene further induction of COX-2 and activation EP4. We also used COX-2 inhibitor (NS398) or PI3K inhibitor (wortmannin) to confirm this pathway. The cell cycle result attestation K-ras mutation prolong S phase and increase G2/M phase ratio. At the same time, we collected colorectal tumor tissues as well as to confirm tumor tissues were overexpression Ras, pAkt and EP4 protein. Thus our data provided one newly thinks in the treatment which early colorectal cancer causes K-ras mutation may be consider. 2. Base on the data of literatures and epidemiological statistics, abundant lipid accumulation usually appears obesity. In normal liver tissue, little lipid such as triglyceride, phospholipid, glycolipid and cholesterol existing in body is equal to 4-5 % of whole liver weight. Since lipid content up to 5 % of liver weight or sterosis up to 10 % of liver in biopsy diagnosis is so-called fatty liver. Although fatty liver without dominate symptoms, the progression would further cause fatty hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis or promoting hepatoma formation. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of a flavonoid-enriched extract from Nelumbo nucifera leaf (NLFE) in vivo. C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity. NLFE reduced the body weight, body lipid accumulation, and activities of fatty acid synthase (FAS), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase. NLFE also suppressed the expression of FAS, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and HMGCoA reductase, and increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase in the liver. Taken together, we demonstrated that NLFE targets lipid-regulated enzymes, and may be effective in attenuating body lipid accumulation and preventing obesity.