Artículos de revistas: "Nazi demography"

1

Kushner, Tony. "Beyond the pale? British reactions to Nazi anti‐Semitism, 1933–39". Immigrants & Minorities 8, n.º 1-2 (marzo de 1989): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02619288.1989.9974712.

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Grebenik, E. "The Nazi Connection. Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism". Population Studies 49, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 1995): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0032472031000148386.

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3

David, Henry P., Jochen Fleischhacker y Charlotte Hohn. "Abortion and Eugenics in Nazi Germany". Population and Development Review 14, n.º 1 (marzo de 1988): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1972501.

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Smallman-Raynor, Matthew R. y Andrew D. Cliff. "Theresienstadt: A Geographical Picture of Transports, Demography, and Communicable Disease in a Jewish Camp-Ghetto, 1941–45". Social Science History 44, n.º 4 (2020): 615–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2020.23.

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AbstractThe Nazi ghetto system was one of the principal vehicles for the persecution of Jewish and other peoples in German-occupied Europe in World War II. Transport and confinement—twin pillars of the ghetto system—were intrinsically geographical matters that operated on scales from the international to the local and that shaped the demographic and epidemiological character of ghettos across Eastern Europe. This article uses geographical techniques of map-based visualization and spatial analysis to portray the demographic and epidemic history of the Nazi “model” camp-ghetto at Theresienstadt (Terezín) in the former German Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, 1941–45. Our study reconstructs the space-time pattern and demographic structure of transports of Jewish prisoners to the ghetto and their association with substantial outbreaks of communicable diseases in the ghetto. The study highlights the importance of a geographical approach to an understanding of the demographic and public health impacts of both the Holocaust and other genocidal events.

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SPOERER, MARK y JOCHEN FLEISCHHACKER. "The compensation of Nazi Germany's forced labourers: Demographic findings and political implications". Population Studies 56, n.º 1 (enero de 2002): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00324720213800.

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Laversuch, I. M. "MargareteandSulamithunder the Swastika: Girls' Names in Nazi Germany". Names 58, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2010): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/002777310x12852321500266.

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7

LAGROU, PIETER. "The politics of memory. Resistance as a collective myth in post-war France, Belgium and the Netherlands, 1945–1965". European Review 11, n.º 4 (octubre de 2003): 527–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798703000474.

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France, Belgium and the Netherlands faced the same fundamental challenge in 1945. In spite of differences in institutional setting, chronology or demography, their experience of Nazi occupation had been traumatizing and humiliating. Their national reconstruction required a self-confident image of the recent past. Nonetheless, the contours of the policies of memory pursued in the three countries diverged in a striking measure. In the Netherlands, post-war governments deliberately constructed a forced national consensus around the myth of a unanimous resistance, at the expense of veterans’ movements and all forms of associative memory. However, the latter dominated the commemorations in France and Belgium, continuing a post-1918 tradition. The conflicts between different categories of war veterans and victims and between different political families characterized the conflicting memories in these two countries. Rather than a monolithic resistance myth, different memories of Nazi persecution were rivals for public attention. In France, neither de Gaulle nor the Communist party succeeded in monopolizing the heroic legacy of the resistance. In Belgium, the Royal question, the left–right divide and subsequently the regional tensions between French and Dutch speakers, estranged part of opinion from the memory of the resistance and even ended up favouring, in some quarters, the rehabilitation of collaboration with the Nazi occupier.

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8

Dinnerstein, Leonard. "Book Review: Generation Exodus: The Fate of Young Jewish Refugees from Nazi Germany". International Migration Review 37, n.º 2 (junio de 2003): 510–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2003.tb00146.xi.

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Singer, Claude. "Comment le cinéma nazi falsifiait l'image des ghettos juifs (1939-1944)". Diasporas 4, n.º 1 (2004): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/diasp.2004.931.

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Nuessel, Frank. "Personal Names, Hitler, and the Holocaust. A Socio-Onomastic Study of Genocide and Nazi Germany." Names 67, n.º 4 (2 de octubre de 2019): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00277738.2019.1677051.

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Kunuroglu, Filiz y Ali Sina Önder. "German-Jewish Scholars in Turkish Exile: From the Winter of Despair under Nazism to the Spring of Hope in Turkish Academia". Migration Letters 20, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2023): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v20i1.2745.

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This paper documents the migration experiences of German-Jewish scholars who fled from the Nazi regime and sought refuge in Turkey in 1930s. Reflecting on the historical narratives originating from the memoirs of renowned scientists, their relatives, or their Turkish colleagues –e.g., a 1986 interview with renowned economist Fritz Neumark, memoirs of Klaus Eckstein --son of famous pediatrician and public health expert Albert Eckstein-- and narratives of colleagues of influential chemist Fritz Arndt, we analyze the dynamics of forced migration processes of German-Jewish scholars, which is a highly qualified and influential immigrant group, to scrutinize the factors affecting their psychosocial adaptation processes in Turkey. The method of qualitative document analysis is used and deductive approach is adopted. Results reveal that premigration expectations, perceived cultural distance, language, intergroup relations and children-related issues were the main themes affecting the adaptation of German-Jewish scholars. Results are discussed drawing on the acculturation theory.

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12

Nick, I. M. "Nazis, Lies, and Lullabies". Names 70, n.º 4 (6 de diciembre de 2022): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/names.2022.2474.

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In 1936, Elvira Theodolinde Bauer, a German kindergarten teacher and would-be graphic artist, wrote and illustrated a picturebook that would eventually become a classic of anti-Semitic children’s literature. Entitled Trau keinem Fuchs auf grüner Heid und keinem Jud bei seinem Eid! [Trust neither a fox on a green heath nor a yid upon his oath!]1 (Bauer 1936), the work was published and distributed by the infamous Nazi propagandist and publisher Julius Streicher—the Führer of Franken and the producer of the incendiary anti-Semitic weekly, Der Stürmer. After providing historical background on Streicher, Bauer, and the poisonous fruit of their literary collaboration, this article examines how character names in Trau keinem Fuchs were used to plant misinformation about and sow hatred against Jewish people living in the Reich. As this article also shows, by utilizing the names of real-life victims of Fascism, Bauer’s fairy tales effectively blurred the line between fact and fiction for adult and child readers alike. The article ends with a discussion of the urgent need for more research into the ways hate groups, past and present, use names to indoctrinate new members, both great and small.

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Polugodin, Andrey D. "Punityive actions of Nazis in the occupied districts of Kaluga Region in 1941-1943". Vestnik of Kostroma State University, n.º 3 (2019): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2019-25-3-44-51.

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The article analyses the felonious policy of Hitler's state against the civilian population of the rural areas of Kaluga Region on the basis of the available archival sources and local history material. The author assesses the demographic and material damage of the regions subjected to Nazi occupation, identifies the causes of possible losses. The study found that the Nazi policy in the territory of the region could not be fully realised due to the distractions of the Nazis: the frontline status of the region, development of the guerrilla movement, as well as the rapid liberation of a large part of the region by the Red Army by the early 1942. However, despite the unfavourable conditions for the occupationists, the essence of the occupation regime is quite clearly expressed in the Southern and Western regions of the region, the territories that had been for quite a long time under control of the Nazis, which significantly made the region suffer demographic and economic losses.

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14

Haseljić, Meldijana Arnaut. "Genocid(i) u Drugom svjetskom ratu – Ka konvenciji o genocidu (ishodišta, definiranje, procesuiranja)". Historijski pogledi 5, n.º 8 (15 de noviembre de 2022): 239–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2022.5.8.239.

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The twentieth century began and ended with the execution of genocide. At the same time, it is the century in which large-scale armed conflicts were fought, including the First and Second World Wars. The Second World War was marked, among other things, by genocides committed against peoples that were planned for extermination by Nazi projects. In the first place, it is inevitable to mention the genocide (Holocaust) against the most numerous victims - the Jews. The Holocaust resulted in millions of victims. Mass murders of Jews were carried out, but in the Second World War, about a million people who were members of other nations were also killed. The Nazis carried out the systematic extermination of Jews and other target groups in concentration camps established in Germany, but also in occupied countries. Hundreds of camps were opened throughout the occupied territories of Europe. The target groups scheduled for extermination were collected and transported by trains, most often in transport and livestock wagons, and taken to camps where a certain number were immediately killed, while another number were temporarily left for forced labor. People who were used for forced labor often died of exhaustion, and those who managed to survive the torture were eventually killed. In addition to the closure and liquidation in the camps, individual and mass executions were also carried out in other places. The large number of those killed indicated the need for quick rehabilitation, which resulted in burning the bodies on pyres or burying them in mass graves. The committed genocides encouraged the formation of the United Nations, but also resulted in the adoption of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, or for short - the Genocide Convention, which was supposed to be a guarantee for „never again“. Sanctions issued in the form of death sentences to the most notorious war criminals for the terrible crimes for which they were found responsible should have been another obstacle to „never again“. However, the participants of our time testify that it was not so. Genocidal projects have revived and genocides have been realized, as is the case with the genocide committed in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina at the end of the 20th century. In the trial of the most notorious Nazis, known as the Nuremberg Trials, the harshest death sentences were handed down, as well as life and long-term imprisonment. The specificity of the Nuremberg process is that, in addition to proclaiming the principle of personal responsibility, it also represents a condemnation of the committed aggression, but also a political project as manifested by the condemnation of various organizations that were declared responsible for the crimes committed. At the main international military trial that began on October 18, 1945, 24 defendants were prosecuted for individual responsibility, but six criminal war organizations were also prosecuted - the leadership of the NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers' Party - NSDAP (National Sozialistische Deutsche Arbeiter Partei) headed by was Adolf Hitler - the most responsible criminal for World War II and the execution of the Holocaust), SS (Schutzstaffel - military branch of the NSDAP), SA (Sturmabteilung - Assault Squad of the NSDAP), SD (Sicherheitsdienst - Intelligence Service of the NSDAP), Gestapo (Geheime Staats Polizei - secret state police) and OKW (Oberkommando der Wehrmacht - Supreme Command of the German Army). Certain prosecutions were also carried out in the national courts of the countries that emerged victorious in the Second World War.

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15

Dedering, Tilman y Robert Citino. "Germany and the Union of South Africa in the Nazi Period: Contributions to the Study of World History 27". Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 28, n.º 1 (1994): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/485841.

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16

Francis, Gladys M. "Performing while Black: Disrupting Gender and Sexuality from Trinidad to Norway—The Artivism of Thomas Prestø". Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 21, n.º 2 (1 de septiembre de 2021): 279–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.21.2.2021.05.14.2.

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In this interview, artistic director and choreographer Thomas Prestø speaks with cultural studies scholar Dr. Gladys M. Francis about his personal journey as a hyper visible Black boy growing up in a Norwegian region known as a hub for neo-Nazi groups. Subjected to various forms of torture, Prestø discusses how his experiences shaped his politics of arts when he founded the Tabanka Dance Company to promote “a sustainable Black identity” that converges both Caribbean and African movement esthetics to tell the stories of Blacks in Norway. Prestø presents how his body of work informs Black diaspora studies in terms of art and culture through issues of minority identities, body-memory, body-politics, and political and cultural agency relating to Black performances and cultures in Norway. He discusses principles on “Caribfuturism” and corporealities within what he calls “the uniqueness of the Afropean, the Afro-Scandinavian and the poly-Diasporan.” His insights on the prejudiced mechanisms of representation and segmentation of cultures visible in Norway also convey how his artistic productions offer challenging esthetics and representations of gender and sexuality for performing Brown and Black artists. The following segments were gathered during his 2018 dance fellowship in Dakar, Senegal, my scholar appointment in Norway in 2019, and follow up discussions in spring 2021.

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17

Mentzel, Peter. "The German Minority in Inter-War Yugoslavia". Nationalities Papers 21, n.º 2 (1993): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999308408280.

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The Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes inherited a considerable number of Germans along with its ex-Habsburg territories when it was established in December 1918. The two most important German communities in inter-war Yugoslavia were the Germans of Slovenia and the Germans of the Vojvodina and Croatia-Slavonia, the so-called Donau Schwaben (Swabians). There were also scattered pockets of ethnic Germans in Bosnia-Hercegovina. The Yugoslavian ethnic Germans (Volksdeutsche), like the other Yugoslavian non-Slav minorities, were objects of discrimination by the Yugoslavian government. The Slovenian German community responded to this hostility by developing a virulent German nationalism which, after 1933, rapidly turned into Nazism. The Swabian community, on the other hand, generally tried to cooperate with the central government in Belgrade. The Swabians remained rather ambivalent toward the rising Nazi movement until the tremendous successes of the Third Reich in 1938 made Nazism irresistibly attractive. In the face of the government's anti-German policies, why did each of these German communities manifest such different attitudes towards the Yugoslav state during the inter-war period? This article will show how several factors of history, demography, and geography combined to produce the different reactions of the two groups.

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18

Ordorica-Mellado, Manuel. "Demografía y SARS-CoV-2". Papeles de Población 27, n.º 107 (31 de marzo de 2021): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22185/24487147.2021.107.03.

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El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un breve recuento histórico de cómo los seres humanos han ido descubriendo el camino para enfrentar a los microorganismos. Mostrar como el naci-miento de la demografía está ligado a las pandemias y a las muertes que ocurrían en Inglaterra en el siglo XVII con los trabajos de John Graunt. Además, intenta mostrar la dificultad que tenemos las personas para entender el crecimiento exponencial. Asimismo, se presenta un análisis gráfico de la evolución de los contagios de las defunciones por Covid-19 y del Índice básico de repro-ducción para el caso de México, desde que inicio la pandemia hasta finales del 2020, para luego terminar con un conjunto de conclusiones.

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Wichert, Wojciech. "„Exerzierplatz des Nationalsozialismus“ — der Reichsgau Wartheland in den Jahren 1939–1945". Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem 40, n.º 2 (16 de agosto de 2018): 79–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2300-7249.40.2.4.

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The aim of the article is the analysis of German policy in Reichsgau Wartheland, an area of western Poland annexed to Germany in the years 1939–1945. In scientific literature German rule in Warthegau with its capital in Poznań is often defined as ,,experimental training area of National Socialism”, where the regime could test its genocidal and racial practices, which were an emanation of the German occupation of Poland. The Nazi authorities wanted to accomplish its ideological goals in Wartheland in a variety of cruel ways, including the ethnic cleansing, annihilation of Polish intelligentsia, destruction of cultural institutions, forced resettlement and expulsion, segregation Germans from Poles combined with wide-ranging racial discrimination against the Polish population, mass incarceration in prisons and concentration camps, systematic roundups of prisoners, as well as genocide of Poles and Jews within the scope of radical Germanization policy and Holocaust. The aim of Arthur Greiser, the territorial leader of the Wartheland Gauleiter and at the same time one of the most powerful local Nazi administrators in Hitler‘s empire, was to change the demographic structure and colonisation of the area by the hundreds of thousands of ethnic Germans Volksdeutschen from the Baltic and other regions in order to make it a ,,blond province” and a racial laboratory for the breeding of the ,,German master race”. The largest forced labour program, the first and longest standing ghetto in Łódź, which the Nazis renamed later Litzmannstadt and the first experimental mass gassings of Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe carried out from autumn 1941 in gas vans in Chełmno extermination camp were all initiated in Warthegau, even before the implementation of the Final Solution. Furthermore, some of the first major deportations of the Jewish population took place here. Therefore in the genesis of the of the Nazi extermination policy of European Jewry Wartheland plays a pivotal role, as well as an important part of ruthless German occupation of Polish territories.

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20

Beets, Gijs. "Tiziana Nazio: Cohabitation, Family and Society". European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie 25, n.º 2 (13 de marzo de 2009): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10680-009-9180-3.

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21

He., J. y Jean-Louis Dechesne. "La Politique de population de l'Allemagne nazie". Population (French Edition) 40, n.º 6 (noviembre de 1985): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1532789.

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22

Lutjens, Richard N. "Jews in Hiding in Nazi Berlin, 1941−1945: A Demographic Survey". Holocaust and Genocide Studies 31, n.º 2 (2017): 268–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcx039.

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23

Jarausch, Konrad H. y Gerhard Arminger. "The German Teaching Profession and Nazi Party Membership: A Demographic Logit Model". Journal of Interdisciplinary History 20, n.º 2 (1989): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/204832.

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He., J. "Jean-Louis Duchesne — La politique de population de l'Allemagne nazie". Population Vol. 40, n.º 6 (1 de junio de 1985): 999–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/popu.p1985.40n6.1000.

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25

Bergmann, Cynthia, Jens Westemeier y Dominik Gross. "The Editors of Scientific Journals in Dentistry in Nazi Germany and after 1945: A Sociodemographic Study". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 77, n.º 1 (27 de diciembre de 2021): 48–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrab045.

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Abstract This socio-demographic study examines the effects of the Nazification of the professional press in the Third Reich using the example of the dental press organs. Three subgroups were examined: (1) dental editors who lost their positions after Hitler assumed power; (2) editors who were newly appointed or confirmed in their positions during the Third Reich; and (3) editors who were recruited for these positions in the post-war period. The study was based on archival sources, contemporary registers, and dental journals from 1932-1949. These sources were supplemented by available secondary literature. A total of 34 editors were identified and their biographies reconstructed. Several of the editors appointed during the Nazi regime were able take up their positions again after 1945. Overall, the majority of editors appointed between 1945-1950 were former party members; in contrast, not a single Nazi victim was appointed to a position of this kind. We conclude in this article that denazification had no consequences for the specialist dental press. On the contrary, dentists who had benefited professionally from the Nazi regime during the Third Reich stood a good chance of furthering their careers after 1945.

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Shlapentokh, Dmitry. "The Anti-Semitism of History: The Case of the Russian Neo-Pagans". European Review 20, n.º 2 (30 de marzo de 2012): 264–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798711000482.

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Almost a generation has gone by since the end of the Cold War, a time that has brought many changes. It has become steadily clearer that not the affirmation of the centrality of the democratic West – as asserted by Francis Fukuyama in his famous essay – but the opposite has occurred. There has been continuous erosion of the power of the West. First, the economic and geopolitical balance has increasingly shifted to Southeast Asia, where quite a few states have authoritarian, even totalitarian, socioeconomic arrangements. China is, of course, the best-known example. Second, the demographic and cultural tides have changed. In the past, Europe sent waves of émigrés all over the world. Now the West has become the destination of millions from non-European countries. The pattern of cultural adaptation has also undergone dramatic changes. A considerable number of non-Europeans have no desire to assimilate, or at least they wish to preserve their heritage. All these processes – especially as they relate to the fact that the West is losing its economic competitiveness – cause a response that often leads to racism and neo-fascism. Those who study European neo-fascists almost instinctively compare them with pre-Second World War fascists and Nazis. This temptation is reinforced by the fact that these neo-fascists often use Nazi symbols and trappings. However, a close look at these European neo-fascists/neo-Nazis and their prewar counterparts indicates that their similarities are usually deceptive and they actually belong to quite different species. Present-day neo-fascists/neo-Nazis are not imperialists, as were the German Nazis who dreamed about a worldwide empire. Current European right-wingers are parochial isolationists. They want not an empire but the cleansing of their state from newcomers, especially those of non-European origin. Many are even suspicious of European unity; they see the European Union as the key that opens the gates of their countries, not just to Asians/Africans but to East Europeans, seen as almost an alien race. Second, their view of Jews is different from that of the Nazis. They may be anti-Semitic, but their dislike of Jews is hardly the central element of their worldview. Moreover, they are similar to many of the general public who differentiate between ‘their’ native Jews – against whom they have no grudges – and newcomers from, say, Eastern Europe, whom they consider parasitic aliens. Furthermore, they have problems with the church. Some may be neo-pagans; in this they are also quite different from the Nazis, who had a tense relationship with the church but did not openly oppose it. Russian rightists in many ways follow the model of the European far right. This is due not only to direct ideological borrowing but also to similar conditions. Russia's heartland, for example, is also a major destination for non-European migrants. Still, the Russian far right's views unquestionably have elements arising from the country's specific conditions. As a result, they have developed several peculiar ideological characteristics. They are often pagan and quite hostile to the Orthodox Church. They also see Jews as part of an unholy cabal of Asiatics set on Russia's destruction.

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Spoerer, Mark y Jochen Fleischhacker. "Forced Laborers in Nazi Germany: Categories, Numbers, and Survivors". Journal of Interdisciplinary History 33, n.º 2 (octubre de 2002): 169–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/00221950260208661.

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When Germany and Austria discussed the matter of compensating former forced laborers in the German economy during World War II, it became clear that no definitive estimate of how many were still alive was available. Combining Nazi statistics with postwar demographic data for twenty countries reveals that the number of foreigners deployed in the German economy totaled around 13.5 million, of whom approximately 11 million survived the war. Fifty-five years later, about 2.7 million were still alive. This calculation of forced laborers within Germany may well become more precise as scholars compile more and better data, perhaps eventually to be supplemented with statistics about forced laborers outside Germany's borders as well. Nonetheless, the evidence at hand reveals that Nazi Germany's forced-labor program was the largest and most brutal that Europe had seen since at least the Middle Ages.

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28

Hochstadt, Steve. "Demography and Demographers in Modern Germany: Social Science and Ideology across Political Regimes". Social Science History 40, n.º 4 (2016): 657–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2016.26.

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The history of German research and writing about migration has been heavily influenced by politics. The assumptions and methods of successive generations of migration researchers demonstrate the interplay of social science and politics across very different political regimes. Soon after serious research began in the late nineteenth century, migration researchers divided into two camps. Urban statisticians with liberal political ideas used city migration registration data to analyze the circulatory movement of migrants within Germany. Conservative writers used census data to argue that migration was essentially movement from countryside to city, and was politically and morally injurious to the German people. These two sides hardened after World War I, as the conservative side increasingly incorporated racist ideas into their critique of migration. This debate continued even after the Nazis took power in 1933 with the competing publications of Rudolf Heberle and Wilhelm Brepohl. Heberle was forced to leave Germany and Brepohl became the Nazis’ favorite analyst of migration. After 1945, Brepohl retained his standing as a leading migration researcher in the German Federal Republic. The dominance of this conservative interpretation of migration continued into the 1970s. In recent decades, the writings of the liberal statisticians from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries have been rediscovered, and German migration research has shifted again toward a more empirically based understanding of migration.

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29

Filimonov, Anatoly V. "Revacuation of Residents of the Pskov Region (1944–1948)". Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: History. International Relations 20, n.º 4 (21 de diciembre de 2020): 464–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2020-20-4-464-470.

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The article discusses the process of returning of the inhabitants of the Pskov region to their native places after their liberation from the Nazi invaders, evacuated in 1941 to the eastern regions of the country. Digital data on the number of evacuated and re-evacuated, examples of state aid to the latter are presented, the difficulties of re-evacuation and the demographic consequences of the war for one of the indigenous regions of Russia are revealed.

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Filimonov, Anatoly V. "Revacuation of Residents of the Pskov Region (1944–1948)". Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: History. International Relations 20, n.º 4 (21 de diciembre de 2020): 464–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2020-20-4-464-471.

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The article discusses the process of returning of the inhabitants of the Pskov region to their native places after their liberation from the Nazi invaders, evacuated in 1941 to the eastern regions of the country. Digital data on the number of evacuated and re-evacuated, examples of state aid to the latter are presented, the difficulties of re-evacuation and the demographic consequences of the war for one of the indigenous regions of Russia are revealed.

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31

Meinolf, Arens. "An ethnic group amidst the tensions of totalitarian demographic politics. Csangos/Hungarians in the context of Romanian-Hungarian-German relations (1944)". Erdélyi Társadalom 5, n.º 2 (2007): 71–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17177/77171.88.

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According to the Munich based scholar the history of Moldovan Csangos was much more influenced by major European events, then it was earlier thought. One has to mention here their (i.e. Csangos) strictly defined frames by the two known totalitarian regimes of the 20th century. One key event of matter to Csangos from the Hungarian side was the resettlment project on the summer of 1944 that eventually failed. This clearly shows the ideological positions of both the Hungarian and Rumanian government of that time, as well as the role of Nazi Germany on the Csango issue

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32

Domènech, Jordi y Juan Jesús Fernández. "Survival in a Nazi Concentration Camp: The Spanish Prisoners of Mauthausen". Journal of Interdisciplinary History 52, n.º 3 (15 de diciembre de 2021): 351–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_01731.

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Abstract Analysis of the extent to which higher social class (along with other demographic variables) was an advantage for Spanish prisoners at the Mauthausen concentration camp advances the study of the determinants of survival in contexts of indiscriminate violence. Use of Cox event-history models, based on detailed information collected by well-placed Spaniards at the camp, reveals that individuals from higher social classes who filled administrative positions at Mauthausen were prominent in support networks and had a good command of the German language were more likely to survive. The risk of death was highest among unskilled agricultural workers, followed by unskilled non-agricultural workers.

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Khubulova, Svetlana, Aslan Dzebisov, Marina Vorotnikova y Marina Gapeeva. "Archival documents on the demographic consequences of the Nazi occupation of the district centers of North Ossetia". OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2022, n.º 12-2 (1 de diciembre de 2022): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202212statyi53.

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The selection of documents is made up of acts and protocols submitted to the Republican Emergency State Commission from the regions of the North Ossetian ASSR that were occupied during the Great Patriotic War. It is noted that the work done by the ChGC to collect documentary evidence of the atrocities of the fascists allows us to talk about the genocide staged on the territory of the SSR during the short period of occupation. Some of the documents are represented by acts drawn up by district commissions on atrocities against civilians committed by Nazi occupiers in the North Ossetian ASSR, other documents are a kind of ego-documents based on the memories of participants and contemporaries of events related to the occupation of a number of settlements of the republic. All of them allow us to judge the inhumane and inhuman acts committed by the fascists during the Great Patriotic War.

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Rybakovsky, Leonid L. y Natalia I. Kozhevnikova. "Demographic Development of Russia in Geopolitical Coordinates of the XX – Early XXI Century". Social’naya politika i sociologiya 20, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2021): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17922/2071-3665-2021-20-3-146-154.

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The article shows that due to the fact that Russia has the largest territory among the rest of the world, the richest natural resources, making it a self-sufficient, advantageous geographical position, as well as a kind of history of the creation and development of the state, in the past, and still causes hostile attitude to it a number of states. Thanks to sufficient human potential, Russia, constituting the core of a state united with other peoples in pre-revolutionary and Soviet times, was able to defend its homeland, even from such an enemy as Nazi Germany. The increase in the population of Russia has always been the most important factor in ensuring the security of the state. The paper provides a detailed description of the demographic development of Russia, both as part of the Soviet Union and as an independent state. The dynamics of the population of Russia is considered, on the one hand, in the group of countries with a predominance of the Slavic ethnos, and on the other hand, it is compared with the demographic dynamics of the English-speaking group of countries.

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Kunkeler, Nathaniël. "Organising National Socialism: Nazi Organisation in Sweden and the Netherlands, 1931–1939". Contemporary European History 30, n.º 3 (19 de julio de 2021): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777321000230.

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This article compares the party apparatuses of the National Socialist Movement of the Netherlands and the National Socialist Workers’ Party of Sweden. These two parties, founded in the 1930s, both to some extent mimicked the organisational model of Hitler's party in Germany. While this has been frequently noted, the deployment of this model in practice has not been analysed in any detail. The article explores the specific characters of the Swedish and Dutch fascist party organisations diachronically vis-à-vis propaganda, member activism and internal cohesion, highlighting their changes, successes and failures. The comparison reveals that the party apparatus was highly dependent on the specifics of national infrastructure, demographic distribution and urbanisation and the physical landscape, with notable consequences for internal party cohesion and morale. In the final analysis the relative appeal and popularity of the parties is shown party be the result of how the Nazi organisational model was deployed in practice within each national context.

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Krinko, E. F. y S. Ya Suschiy. "The Demographic Processes in the South of the RSFSR during the Great Patriotic War". Modern History of Russia 10, n.º 4 (2020): 844–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu24.2020.402.

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This article explores demographical processes during the Great Patriotic War in the southern regions of the RSFSR: in the Krasnodar Krai and Ordzhonikidze (Stavropol) Krai, Rostov Oblast, Stalingrad Oblast, and Astrakhan Oblast. The study is based on published and archival documents from the Central Statistical Administration under the Council of Ministers of the USSR Fund in the Russian State Archive of Economics. Demographic dynamics in the southern regions of the RSFSR in 1941–1945 had common features with the main demographic trends elsewhere in the RSFSR and the USSR. This was a deterioration in indicators of natural reproduction in the second half of 1941–1942: a decrease in the birth rate and an increase in mortality, including that of children, and a decrease in natural growth in the first half of 1942. At the end of 1942 and the beginning of 1943, the main trends in demographic dynamics changed: the birth rate stabilized at an extremely low level, followed by slow growth, and mortality decreased markedly in comparison with 1942. Regions in the south of the RSFSR differed by more significant scales of population decrease and directly irretrievable losses. The reasons for this were not only the loss of mobilized cohorts, but also demographic consequences of evacuation and Nazi occupation. After occupation, the population of the southern Russian regions amounted to 60–70 % of the pre-war level.

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Adam, Heribert, Kader Asmal, Louise Asmal y Ronald Suresh Roberts. "The Nazis of Africa: Apartheid as Holocaust?" Canadian Journal of African Studies 31, n.º 2 (1997): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/486185.

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Chirko, B. "Ethnic Germans of Ukraine in the Context of Soviet-German Relations (1920-1950s)". Problems of World History, n.º 3 (16 de mayo de 2017): 166–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2017-3-9.

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The aim of the publication is the study of ethno-political, socio-economic, demographic and other processes taking place in the environment of the German ethnic group of Ukraine in the context of the Soviet-German inter-state relations during 1920-1950s. The author analyzes the attitude of governmental bodies to the German ethnic community, causes, mechanisms of realization, demographic, social and political consequences of political repressions of the Stalinist regime against ethnic Germans, mass deportation of the German population from the regions of traditional accommodation in the interwar period. The author emphasizes that the repressive actions were caused by and closely related to administrative-imperative methods of implementation of domestic policies, the militarization of the economy, collectivization of village, violent grain procurements, antireligious campaigns etc. Repressions of the “nationalists” (German, Polish, etc.) were linked with the international factor - the aggravation of the situation in the world. The deterioration of relations between the USSR and Germany and Poland as well as the corresponding strengthening of anti-German and anti-Polish propaganda campaign led in particular to a special bias of Soviet authorities towards the German and Polish population, which was considered as a potential base for “Nazi” activities in the country. This publication analyzes the social and legal status of “volksdeutsche” during World War II, the attitude towards “ethnic Germans” of Ukraine from Nazi occupation regime. The status and nature of ethnic Germans staying in the mode of special settlements, repatriation and problems of separated families in the postwar years have been considered. The author has paid special attention to the problems of lifting restrictions in the legal status of the majority of the German population of the USSR as a result of the German-Soviet negotiations in Moscow in 1955, the attempts of ethnic Germans and the government of Ukraine to ensure ethnic, social, cultural, religious and spiritual needs of the German ethnic community under conditions of modern Ukrainian state – building and deepening of democratic processes in Ukrainian society.

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Rohrbasser, Jean-Marc. "Edwin BLACK, IBM et l’Holocauste. L’alliance stratégique entre l’Allemagne nazie et la plus puissante multinationale américaine (traduit de l’américain par Odile Demange), Paris, Robert Laffont, 2001, 595 p." Annales de démographie historique o 102, n.º 2 (1 de octubre de 2001): IV. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/adh.102.0223d.

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Tanzer, Frances. "European Fantasies: Modernism and Jewish Absence at the Venice Biennale of Art, 1948–1956". Contemporary European History 31, n.º 2 (14 de diciembre de 2021): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777321000138.

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This article examines how states with a fascist past – Germany, Austria and Italy – used modernism in the visual arts to rebrand national and European culture at the Venice Biennale of Art after 1945. I argue that post-war exhibitions of modern art, including those at the Biennale, reveal a vast confrontation with Jewish absence after the Holocaust. Christian Democrats and proponents of European integration attempted to reimagine modernism without the Jewish minority that had shaped it in crucial ways. Meanwhile, living Jewish artists resisted their exclusion from the post-war interpretations of modernism, as well as absorbtion of modernism as part of national heritage. Their criticisms lay bare a seeming paradox at the heart of post-war Europe: a desire to claim the veneer of pre-Nazi cosmopolitanism without returning its enabling demographic and cultural diversity. This article points to the significance of philosemitism for establishing post-war national and continental identities.

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Baumert, Anna, WilhelmX Hofmann y Gabriela Blum. "Laughing About Hitler?" Journal of Media Psychology 20, n.º 2 (enero de 2008): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105.20.2.43.

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Effects of the movie My Fuehrer – The Truly Truest Truth About Adolf Hitler by Dani Levy were tested with regard to: (a) attitudes toward Hitler, (b) the perceived role of the German population in Nazi Germany, (c) the perception of present danger from national socialist tendencies, and (d) the subjective need for continued preoccupation with German history. A total of 110 Germans were invited to a cinema and randomly assigned to the control group that filled in the relevant questionnaire before the movie, or to the film group that filled in the questionnaire after the movie. The film group reported fewer negative attitudes toward Hitler than the control group and saw the German population less as victims. Attitudes toward right-wing political parties and empathy, as well as demographic variables, exerted significant moderator effects. Results are discussed with regard to the public controversy concerning a potential trivialization of Hitler and National Socialism by the movie.

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Słoniowska, Anna. "Recepcja i rozwój idei eugenicznej na ziemiach polskich w XIX i XX wieku". Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 10, n.º 4 (31 de diciembre de 2012): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2012.10.4.03.

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Nowadays people confine eugenics to one period (The Second World War), and one place (Nazi Germany). But the truth is that eugenics existed in almost every country, including Poland. In the 19th century, Francis Galton divided the practice of eugenics into positive and negative categories. In Poland, the first of the two had greater popularity, but the negative category had its supporters too. From the beginning, Polish eugenics was associated with the political and social situations in the country. After 123 years of annexation and after The First World War, Poland was threatened by a demographic disaster. The eugenicists tried to solve those problems. Doctor Leon Wernic arose to be the leader of the eugenicists. He was the initiator of many reforms in the +eld of medicine, education, and law. =e eugenicists have established marriage counseling and even insisted upon conscious maternity. However as racist slogans become more frequent in the lead-up to the Second World War, most Polish Eugenicists were opposed to sterilization, castration, and the elimination of people.

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Giloh, Mordechay. "Odmienne sylwetki przybyłych do Szwecji więźniów pochodzenia żydowskiego i nieżydowskiego, ocalałych z obozów koncentracyjnych na ziemiach polskich". Zagłada Żydów. Studia i Materiały, n.º 8 (2 de diciembre de 2012): 419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32927/zzsim.698.

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Survivors from Nazi concentration camps, who were brought to Sweden as refugees during the last month of the Second World War and during the summer that followed, were often required to supply information about personal details to the authorities. Much of the information was later stored in written form in the Swedish National Archives. Antisemitism among the refugees and enmity between the Jewish and non-Jewish Polish refugees caused the authorities to include their ethnic or religious affiliation in many records and documents. Using mainly two collections from the Swedish National Archives it is shown that substantial differences existed between Jewish and non-Jewish Polish refugees with respect to their age, education and the length of their war experiences. These differences, in addition to the existing socio-geographic, demographic, cultural and ethnic differences led to inevitable clashes between the two groups. The Swedish authorities who first regarded all refugees of Polish citizenship as one national group had to revise this attitude gradually during the administration of the refugees

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44

Rich, David Alan. "Armed Ukrainians in L’viv: Ukrainian Militia, Ukrainian Police, 1941 to 1942". Canadian-American Slavic Studies 48, n.º 3 (2014): 271–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22102396-04803002.

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Who were the Ukrainians who participated in the exterminatory violence that swept eastern Galicia following the German invasion of the USSR in June 1941? Records show that they represented diverse political and demographic strata. Those most distant from nationalist roots, however, demonstrated the highest lethality and greatest willingness to serve as disciplined agents of Nazi genocide. The cycles of violence in German-occupied Galicia were far from uniform in character. The victims and German perpetrators alike rarely differentiated among the Ukrainians doing the violence. The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) “task groups” first entered Galicia to establish Ukranian nationalist authority and in Lemberg participated in a few days of blood-letting until disbanded by the SS. A new, better controlled Ukrainian militia likewise proved unreliable except in self-actuated violence, and was disbanded. Finally, in late July 1941 a standing Ukrainian Auxiliary Police force – different in structure, membership, subordination, and motivation – came into being. It participated centrally in the rendering of Lemberg as Judenfrei, as security and civil authorities orchestrated the murder of Lemberg’s 150,000 Jews over the following two years.

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Mushaben, Joyce Marie. "A Spectre Haunting Europe". German Politics and Society 38, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2020): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2020.380102.

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Germany’s 2017 elections marked the first time since 1949 that a far-right party with neo-Nazi adherents crossed the 5 percent threshold, entering the Bundestag. Securing nearly 13 percent of the vote, the Alternative for Germany (AfD) impeded Chancellor Angela Merkel’s ability to pull together a sustainable national coalition for nearly six months. Violating long-standing partisan taboos, the AfD “victory” is a weak reflection of national-populist forces that have gained control of other European governments over the last decade. This paper addresses the ostensible causes of resurgent ethno-nationalism across eu states, especially the global financial crisis of 2008/2009 and Merkel’s principled stance on refugees and asylum seekers as of 2015. The primary causes fueling this negative resurgence are systemic in nature, reflecting the deconstruction of welfare states, shifts in political discourse, and opportunistic, albeit misguided responses to demographic change. It highlights a curious gender-twist underlying AfD support, particularly in the East, stressing eight factors that have led disproportionate numbers of middle-aged men to gravitate to such movements. It offers an exploratory treatment of the “psychology of aging” and recent neuro-scientific findings involving right-wing biases towards authoritarianism, social aggression and racism.

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Nadya, Vitriara Ahsana, Asep Nurhalim y Mohammad Iqbal Irfany. "Marketing Mix Strategy in Waqf Online Fundraising Platform: An Importance-Performance Analysis". AL-MUZARA'AH 11, n.º 2 (27 de diciembre de 2023): 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jam.11.2.119-132.

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As an Islamic social finance practice, waqf has a considerable potential to develop community following maqashid sharia and SDGs. At IPB University, one of few universities with authority as a nazir, the implementation of waqf from ‘civa to civa’ on campus has huge benefits for the development of their surrounding without having to rely on government funding. This study, using Islamic Economics students as its respondent, tries to formulate a marketing strategy for waqf online fundraising platform employing an Importance Performance Analysis. Results show that there is still a noticeable gap between the potential and realized the value of waqf in this platform and demography, indicating that the performance has yet to reach the select value from respondents. Three attributes of the marketing mix in IPB’s online waqf platform that needed the most attention: social media promotion, mass media promotion, and integration with other fundraising platforms.

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Dewi, Gusmita, Shuhanda Cheirizal y Charles Charles. "Ilmu dan Ulama Millenial dalam Perspektif Hadits Nabi Muhammad Saw". Al-Fikr: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 8, n.º 2 (1 de noviembre de 2022): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32489/alfikr.v8i2.280.

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In the study of this article, Muslims back off because they left their holy book. The Qur'an is only used as a competition arena and its verses are only written on small white paper. The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic and other disasters that have hit various regions in Indonesia recently need to be investigated and found solutions to overcome them. One of the people who are required to be able to take a role in finding solutions to these problems are the scholars. The study in this article uses a literature review (Library Research). Literature review can be said as a method where in the process of searching, collecting and analyzing data sources to be processed and presented in the form of a library research report with a variety of topics needed, both education, social culture, and others. But what is certain, this study can be done in the library or elsewhere as long as there are relevant reading sources. The advantages of people who have knowledge over people who worship (without knowledge), are like the advantages of the moon (full moon) with (light) stars. Studying is a national education program that must be followed by Indonesian citizens on the responsibility of the government and local governments. Millennials are the demographic group after Generation X (Gen-X). There is no definite time limit for the beginning and end, millennials are generally the children of the Baby Boomers generation.

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Gierczak, Dariusz. "Contested minorities – the case of Upper Silesia". Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 3, n.º 2 (1 de junio de 2015): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/environ-2015-0061.

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AbstractUpper Silesia in terms of ethnicity is a typical example of a historical region in Europe, but in fact, one of the few exceptions in contemporary Poland, where its mixed ethnic and religious structures have at least partly survived until today. While their existence had been denied by Nazi Germany (1933-1945) as well as by the Polish People's Republic (1945-1989), the emancipation of the German and Silesian minorities after the democratic changes of 1989 have evoked strong emotions in the ethnically almost uniform country. Nonetheless, the recent situation of minorities has improved as never before. Minority organisations has been officially recognized and German finally has become the second language in some municipalities of Upper Silesia, but the largest ethnic group in the whole country, the Silesians, have still experienced no formal recognition as a national minority. This article deals with the demographic aspects of the ethnic groups in Upper Silesia since the 19th century until recent times. The census results concerning the ethnic minorities or languages in Upper Silesia have been contested since the first records of that kind have been taken. The outcomes of the both last censuses of 2002 and 2011 concerning the minority question reflected for the first time a much more realistic picture of the status quo. Furthermore, they showed that the idea of Silesian identification found an unexpected high number of supporters. This fact indicates an emerging meaning of regional identification amid significant changes of cultural values in Polish society.

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Thomas, Ann Maria y Smriti G. Solomon. "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Midwife-Led Psychoeducation on Childbirth Fear and Childbirth Efficiency in Primigravida Mothers of Selected Hospital of Navi Mumbai". Indian Journal of Nursing Sciences 08, n.º 03 (2023): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31690/ijns.2023.v08i03.013.

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Aim: This study examines the effects of midwife-led psychoeducation on delivery fear and efficiency in primigravida moms in Navi Mumbai hospitals. Method: The researcher used quantitative evaluator research. Aquasi-experimental research approach was chosen for the investigation. Sample size for the study is 300. For this study, simple random sampling was performed. Results were presented using descriptive and inferential statistics. Demographic data, childbirth fear categorization, and efficacy were presented as frequency and percentage. T-test was used to compare pre- and post-test delivery fear and efficacy levels. Childbirth fear and efficacy were correlated with demographic characteristics using Chi-square testing. Result: Pre-intervention primigravida mothers’ delivery fear scores in the experimental and control groups. The experimental group contained 89 (59%) respondents with severe fear and 10 (7%) with low fear. 79 (53%) of the control group indicated high dread, whereas 8 (5% expressed low fear. Pre-interventional delivery efficacy scores for experimental and control primigravida moms. In the experimental group, 78 (52%) had average birthing efficacy, 63 (42%) with poor, and 9 (6% with good). Most of 72 (48%) control group members had low birth effectiveness scores, followed by 60 (40%) average and 18 (12%) good. Conclusion: This study shows that midwife-led psychoeducation reduces primigravida moms’ delivery fear and efficacy. Primigravida mothers’ labor efficacy and fear scores improve.

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Sharma, Brijesh. "An Empirical Comparison of the Effect of Demographic Characteristic on Select Promotional Mix Adopted by Organic Food Sellers in Mumbai and Navi Mumbai". Journal of Development Research 9, n.º 2 (abril de 2016): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.54366/jdr.9.2.2016.04-14.

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