Tesis sobre el tema "Natural selection"
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Vick, Jeffrey A. "Natural Selection". VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1254.
Texto completoBourrat, Pierrick Jean-Noel. "Reconceptualising evolution by natural selection". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12942.
Texto completoFreeland, Stephen J. "Natural selection and the genetic code". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313922.
Texto completoGillespie, Duncan O. S. "Natural selection on female reproduction in humans". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556741.
Texto completoExton, Samantha Jane. "Natural selection in fossil and recent molluscs". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366482.
Texto completoHu, Min. "Positive natural selection in the human genome". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607687.
Texto completoBentley, Michael. "The dynamical systems theory of natural selection". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ff01467a-c1ac-4852-a4b8-9055e9dcb1b0.
Texto completoSvedin, Nina. "Natural and Sexual Selection in a Natural Hybrid Zone of Ficedula Flycatchers". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7372.
Texto completoHuisman, Jisca. "Gene Flow and Natural Selection in Atlantic Salmon". Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-16991.
Texto completoReardon, James T. "Natural selection and evolutionary ecology in Anolis oculatus". Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297668.
Texto completoBeckley, Colin. "Natural selection and natural processes : a philosophical examination of the processes of evolution". Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2012. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/76e8697b-c2b8-4d91-8790-08b637fcbc79/1/.
Texto completoSikora, Martin. "Evolutionary genetics of malaria: genetic susceptibility and natural selection". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7220.
Texto completoOne of the strongest selective forces affecting human populations in recent history is the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, which is the cause of a variety of well-established examples of pathogen-induced adaptation in humans. A special form of malaria is pregnancy-associated malaria, which is characterised by the accumulation of infected erythrocytes in the placenta, and causes up to 200,000 maternal and infant deaths every year. The aim of this work is to characterise how this particular form of malaria has shaped human genetic variation. To that end we use methods of both evolutionary genetics and molecular epidemiology, reporting the first large-scale investigation of the genetic basis of placental infection. Our results provide new insights into genes modulating the risk of infection, as well as natural selection acting on cellular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Finally, we also provide new data on the genetic structure of affected populations in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Lorente, Galdós Maria Belén. "The Action of natural selection in recently duplicated genes". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/53562.
Texto completoLa identificación de señales debidas a la acción de la selección positiva es de gran relevancia para desvelar características únicas de las especies. A pesar de ello, solo una fracción de genes humanos han sido analizados. Los genes incluidos en duplicaciones segmentarias son normalmente ignorados debido a limitaciones impuestas por la naturaleza preliminar de los genomas distintos al humano, así como por la dependencia en adecuados árboles filogenéticos. En este proyecto, demostramos la viabilidad de un nuevo método que no necesita árboles filogenéticos correctos ni ensamblajes de genomas de alta calidad. Hemos aplicado el concepto al genoma humano y hemos identificado 74 exones que muestran evidencia de haber evolucionado más rápidamente desde la separación de los humanos y los monos del viejo mundo. Nuestros resultados sugieren que ha habido abundante evolución acelerada dentro de las regiones duplicadas y ofrece una visión más esclarecedora del rol de la selección en la evolución del genoma humano.
Andrews, Tessa Marie. "Natural selection in the field and in the classroom". Diss., Montana State University, 2012. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2012/andrews/AndrewsT0512.pdf.
Texto completoHoffman, Michael M. "Quantifying evolution and natural selection in vertebrate noncoding sequence". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/245947.
Texto completoSpencer, Christopher C. A. "Human genetic variation and the evidence for natural selection". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436963.
Texto completoPichler, Peter-Paul. "Natural selection, adaptive evolution and diversity in computational ecosystems". Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/4006.
Texto completoSiska, Veronika. "Human population history and its interplay with natural selection". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/284164.
Texto completoGossmann, Toni Ingolf. "Investigating genome wide patterns of natural selection in eukaryotes". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/43293/.
Texto completoYi, Jon Rong-Wei 1975. "Corpus-based unit selection for natural-sounding speech synthesis". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16944.
Texto completoIncludes bibliographical references (p. 179-196).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Speech synthesis is an automatic encoding process carried out by machine through which symbols conveying linguistic information are converted into an acoustic waveform. In the past decade or so, a recent trend toward a non-parametric, corpus-based approach has focused on using real human speech as source material for producing novel natural-sounding speech. This work proposes a communication-theoretic formulation in which unit selection is a noisy channel through which an input sequence of symbols passes and an output sequence, possibly corrupted due to the coverage limits of the corpus, emerges. The penalty of approximation is quantified by substitution and concatenation costs which grade what unit contexts are interchangeable and where concatenations are not perceivable. These costs are semi-automatically derived from data and are found to agree with acoustic-phonetic knowledge. The implementation is based on a finite-state transducer (FST) representation that has been successfully used in speech and language processing applications including speech recognition. A proposed constraint kernel topology connects all units in the corpus with associated substitution and concatenation costs and enables an efficient Viterbi search that operates with low latency and scales to large corpora. An A* search can be applied in a second, rescoring pass to incorporate finer acoustic modelling. Extensions to this FST-based search include hierarchical and paralinguistic modelling. The search can also be used in an iterative feedback loop to record new utterances to enhance corpus coverage. This speech synthesis framework has been deployed across various domains and languages in many voices, a testament to its flexibility and rapid prototyping capability.
(cont.) Experimental subjects completing tasks in a given air travel planning scenario by interacting in real time with a spoken dialogue system over the telephone have found the system "easiest to understand" out of eight competing systems. In more detailed listening evaluations, subjective opinions garnered from human participants are found to be correlated with objective measures calculable by machine.
by Jon Rong-Wei Yi.
Ph.D.
Stewart, A. J. "The construction of transcription factor networks through natural selection". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/19895/.
Texto completoBhatt, Samir. "Statistical analysis of natural selection in RNA virus populations". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:64341c38-f09e-48ed-84e8-7ab9f171a753.
Texto completoRamey, Holly Rene. "Mapping natural and artificial selection events in animal genomes". Thesis, University of Missouri - Columbia, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10182613.
Texto completoBaker, Joanne. "The varying rate of phenotypic evolution and natural selection". Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/69463/.
Texto completoFedder, Joshua C. "Causal Complexity and Comprehension of Evolution by Natural Selection". The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461145729.
Texto completoAdam, Kwame Asamoah. "Tree selection in selective logging : ecological and silvicultural considerations for natural forest management in Ghana". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400673.
Texto completoBoarman, McKaila J. S. "Trade-offs and Temporal Variation in Predator-Mediated Natural Selection and Sexual Selection on the Wings of the Damselfly Calopteryx splendens". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1491746850419119.
Texto completoGlinka, Sascha. "Population Genetic Approaches to Detect Natural Selection in Drosophila melanogaster". Diss., lmu, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-37102.
Texto completoBolstad, Geir Hysing. "Evolution of Signals: Genetic Architecture, Natural Selection and Adaptive Accuracy". Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-12514.
Texto completoRiihimäki, M. A. (Mona-Anitta). "Flowering time and natural selection in Arabidopsis lyrata". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2005. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514277945.
Texto completoMerl, Daniel M. "Detecting patterns of natural selection using bayesian generalized linear models /". Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Texto completoTamuri, A. U. "Using phylogenetic models to characterise natural selection from molecular data". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1378602/.
Texto completoTeitz, Levi S. (Levi Shmuel). "The effects of natural selection on human Y chromosome amplicons". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117785.
Texto completoThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged student-submitted from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
The Y chromosome is unique among the mammalian chromosomes: it determines sex, and is therefore normally present in a single copy, unlike all other chromosomes that can recombine with an identical homolog. These two facts have had profound effects on the fate of the Y chromosome, subjecting it to unique evolutionary pressures that caused the loss of most of its genes. Because of this lack of functional genes, speculation abounded that natural selection is ineffective on a chromosome that lacks a homolog with which to recombine, and that the Y chromosome is doomed to eventually fade away. In recent years, evidence has been building that the Y chromosome is indeed shaped by evolutionary forces acting to maintain its functional genes. However, these studies bypassed the amplicons-large, highly identical segmental duplications-which are a prominent feature of mammalian Y chromosomes and contain many genes crucial for spermatogenesis. In this thesis, we present evidence that natural selection acts on the ampliconic regions of the human Y chromosome. We first develop computational tools to detect amplicon copy number changes from whole genome sequencing data of 1216 men, and find that many men have such changes. By projecting those changes onto a phylogenetic tree of the analyzed Y chromosomes, we find that the reference copy number of each amplicon is ancestral to all modern human Y chromosomes. We then use simulations and novel analytical methods to demonstrate that the ancestral copy number of each amplicon is maintained by selection within diverse human lineages, even in the face of extremely high rates of mutation. Finally, we find that deleted amplicons are preferentially restored to their previous copy number by subsequent duplications. These results are another step forward in the ongoing reframing the history of the mammalian Y chromosome: the Y chromosome is not the victim of random neutral processes, but is the carefully calibrated result of complex interplay between various selective forces.
by Levi S. Teitz.
Ph. D.
Raj, Towfique. "Molecular signatures of natural and artificial selection in mammalian genomes". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609021.
Texto completoYanos, Susan B. "A rhetorical analysis of the current challenges to the evolutionary paradigm". Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720347.
Texto completoDepartment of English
Marshall, Rupert Charles. "Song, paternity and genetic diversity in the sedge warbler, Acrocephalus schoenobaenus". Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246800.
Texto completoGrieshop, Karl. "Sexual conflict, sexual selection, and genetic variance in fitness". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Zooekologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-327304.
Texto completoVår kunskap om könsspecifik selektion och genetisk variation för fitness är central för förståelsen av evolutionära processer. I den här avhandligen presenteras resultaten av empiriska undersökningar av just könsspecifik genetisk variation för fitness. Resultaten diskuteras med fokus på deras betydelse för de klassiska evolutionära paradoxerna angående vad som bibehåller genetisk variation i fitness och varför organismer som förökar sig sexuellt är så vanliga, men även mer specifika konsekvenser för en populations anpassningsförmåga och livskraftighet avhandlas. Evolutionen har ofta gynnat olika reproduktiva strategier hos hannar och honor, och dessa strategier kan medföra kostnader för det motsatta könet. Den könskonflikt som uppstår på grund av detta kan också inbegripa en genetisk dragkamp eftersom könen delar genetisk arvsmassa men gynnas av olika anpassningar. Konsekvensen är att alternativa varianter av gener gynnas hos honor och hanar, vilket resulterar i en form av balanserande selektion som kan bibehålla genetisk variation i en population. Genetisk variation i fitness kan även upprätthållas genom en jämvikt mellan ett konstant inflöde av genetisk variation via mutationer med svagt negativ effekt och svag selektion mot dessa mutationer. Eftersom en negativ mutation normalt kommer vara skadlig för båda könen kommer den här typen av källa till genetisk variation i fitness ha liknande effekt hos könen. I arbetet med denna avhandlig har jag använt en vilt infångad population av fröbaggaen Callosobruchus maculatus för att undersöka dessa två underliggande mekanismer bakom upprätthållandet av genetisk variation för fitness, samt vilka potentiella konsekvenser de kan ha för en populations anpassningsförmåga och för bibehållandet av sexuell reproduktion. Resultaten i denna avhandling stödjer i stort många av de antaganden som ligger till grund för teorin om könskonflikter, sexuell selektion och vad som upprätthåller genetisk variation för fitness. Resultaten ger också upphov till nya idéer och hypoteser angående genetisk variation med könsspecifika effekter och dess interaktion med partiellt recessiva negativa mutationer.
The alternative abstract I uploaded should be used as the Swedish summary.
Bubb, Kerry Leigh. "The role of balancing selection in maintenance of natural genetic variation /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10258.
Texto completoBaines, John. "Empirical approaches to detecting the action of natural selection in Drosophila". Diss., lmu, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-27548.
Texto completoLarsson, Sonny. "Mistletoes and Thionins : as Selection Models in Natural Products Drug Discovery". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7705.
Texto completoLind, Emma. "Genetic response to pollution in sticklebacks; natural selection in the wild". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Zoologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-89486.
Texto completoAt the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.
Ulf-Hansen, Peter Fleming. "The dynamics of natural selection for herbicide resistance in grass weeds". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240807.
Texto completoSmith, Chelsea Elizabeth. "The Roles of Natural Selection, History and Chance in Escherichia coli". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1478272123989472.
Texto completoRagsdale, Aaron y Aaron Ragsdale. "Multi-Allele Population Genomics for Inference of Demography and Natural Selection". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622993.
Texto completoHe, Zhangyi. "Natural selection on two linked loci : Wright-Fisher perspectives and applications". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.702447.
Texto completoAnderson, Dianne L. "Natural selection theory in non-majors' Biology : instruction, assessment, and conceptual difficulty /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3112820.
Texto completoHalvarsson, Peter. "Host-Parasite Interactions in Natural Populations". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-300023.
Texto completoBattisti, Bryce T. "Prevalence of Teleological and Lamarckian Misconceptions of Natural Selection Among College Students". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2004. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3151.
Texto completoSironi, M. "POPULATION GENETIC APPROACHES FOR THE STUDY OF COMPLEX TRAITS: FOCUS ON INFECTIOUS AND AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150065.
Texto completoBohlin, Gustav. "Evolving germs – Antibiotic resistance and natural selection in education and public communication". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138657.
Texto completo