Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Národní strana (Czech Republic)"

This study investigates the establishment of the Czechoslovak National Socialist Party in Slovakia during the period of the First Czechoslovak Republic from 1918 to 1938. It examines the centralist approach employed by the party to manage the Slovak provincial organization, which eventually clashed with the predominantly nationalist-driven efforts of the Slovak party leadership. The tensions between the Czech and Slovak parts of the party arose due to the absence of a provincial party executive committee, a lack of programmatic theses that considered the specific needs of the region, unresolved issues of financing the party’s activities, and differing views on the political competences of the central and provincial party centres. These issues led to an internal party crisis in Slovakia in the mid-1930s, which was resolved by loosening the Slovak party organization’s ties to Prague

This article deals with the strategy of the digitisation of modern collections of the National Library of the Czech Republic. The digitisation strategy is divided into six basic categories. One of them is aimed at the protection of library volumes. The article presents all the possibilities of the selection of the volumes in the National Library of the CR for the purpose of protective reformatting. This includes digitising volumes at risk of paper degradation, damaged volumes and bibliophile titles as well as rebinding volumes.

The aim of this article is to describe the national regulations regarding space recourse activities in selected countries. The list of countries includes major space-faring countries, Luxembourg for its progressive legislation, and the Czech Republic, European Space Agency and European Union for comparison. The article presents an overview of the steps taken by each country in the field of space resources and discusses their current policies. Where they are not known, it is attempted to estimate them based on an analysis of publicly available documents and information. A conclusion is made presenting possible future development in space-faring countries as well as the direction of the international community.

This paper brings findings of recent malacological research (2013) and earlier mostly unpublished data about malacofauna of the Karlštejn National Nature Reserve (abbreviated as NNR) (Czech Republic, Central Bohemia, Bohemian Karst Protected Landscape Area). A total of 89 mollusc species (76 terrestrial snails, 5 freshwater snails, 8 bivalves) were recorded. The mollusc fauna of the NNR represents 35% of the total of 251 mollusc species found in the Czech Republic. The studied area comprises of very diverse habitat types with various and rich mollusc communities. Forest snails are dominating (38%) followed by species of the open steppes (27%). 28 species belong to endangered Red List species of the Czech Republic. Critically endangered Helicopsis striata and endangered Chondrina avenacea, Truncatellina claustralis and Zebrina detrita belong to the species of dry and open habitats. Helicopsis striata is probably extincted in most of localities in the Bohemian Karst. Its presence in the NNR was not confirmed. Bohemian Karst holds most of populations of Chondrina avenacea in the Czech Republic and the most of findings are situated in the Karlštejn NNR. Zebrina detrita inhabits here isolated site in Bohemia, where it was probably introduced in the past. Four new sites of the Holocene optimum relict Truncatellina claustralis were found.

The aim of our study is to identify and evaluate the impact of rules changes in 2010 on success of two-point shooting and three-point shooting between selected Czech and foreign players taking part in National Basketball League- top male competition in the Czech Republic who have met with our specifi ed conditions in examined seasons 2009/10 and 2010/11. There are following methods used in the very research in the empirical part: Student’s paired t-test, Two-sample F-test, Student’s unpaired t-test of equality of variances and Size of eff ect. The results of these tests has statistically confi rmed our hypotheses H1 and H2 – it means decreasing of two-point shooting success in season 2010/11 for all examined players and reducing of success at three-point throws between players with Czech nationality. On the contrary, it has not confi rmed the hypothesis H3, thus increasing of three-point shooting success in season 2010/11 between foreign players. Substantively, we consider as an essential result the 20.1% negative impact of the rules changes on success of three-point shooting for players of Czech nationality.

The Hrabanovská černava National Nature Monument is one of the most valuable wetland areas in Central Bohemia. It comprises diverse wetland habitats such as small pools, littorals, fens with Carex vegetation, and Molinia meadows with willows located on calcareous (lacustrine chalk) sediments along with xerotherm lawns and Festuca meadows on the remnants of sand dunes. This study compares all unpublished malacological data with the first general research of this area and accesses a combined species list of malacofauna from all habitats. Recently, there are 40 species of molluscs recorded, including very abundant population of the fen snail Vertigo angustior and unique populations of two endangered freshwater molluscs Planorbis carinatus and Pisidium pseudosphaerium, both having very rare occurrence in the Czech Republic. The presence of sparsely occurred Vallonia enniensis, Vertigo antivertigo and Euconulus praticola is also remarkable. This paper confirms the special quality of the Hrabanovská černava National Nature Monument as precious refuge for wetland molluscs in the Czech Republic.

The habitat diversity of the Kopičácký rybník National Nature Monument (Central Bohemia, Czech Republic) contains a pond with littoral vegetation and nearby fens, and surrounding Molinia meadows. The first malacological records originate from a short visit in 2004 when an abundant population of Vertigo angustior was found there. A detailed research during 2005–2012 resulted in the discovery of Anisus vorticulus, a critically endangered freshwater snail species. This local small population is even more worthy of a specific protection management as the site seems to be one of the last refugees of this species in the Czech Elbe Basin.

The Soos National Nature Reserve nearby Františkovy Lázně Town (Western Bohemia, Czech Republic) is a spectacular peatbog site with the occurrence of fens on numerous mineral spring effluents, emanations of pure carbon dioxide in mofettes (i.e. false mud volcanoes), parts with saltwater wetlands, and diatomite mantel in its central part. These natural conditions affect general character of all habitats, vegetation and malacocoenoses in the reserve. Altogether, 31 mollusc species were found there, but only two of them are considered as near threatened (Pisidium obtusale and Vertigo substriata). The majority of recorded assemblage was composed of common and generalist mollusc species.

This article presents a previously unknown thesis print which includes a depiction of the Holy Family. This thesis was produced by the Rugendases, a famous Augsburg family of engravers: in particular, we know it had been engraved by Georg Philipp Rugendas the Elder and Christian Rugendas. The article describes the Rugendas family and university theses as graphic images. The core of the contribution, however, focuses on the previously unknown thesis print no. 527 and its comparison with the Dresden thesis no. 1215, which was produced by the same engravers and likewise depicts the Holy Family. In 2022, this thesis had been added to the collection of university theses of the National Library of the Czech Republic, which is the largest compact collection of its kind in the world and as such is on the World Heritage List of the UNESCO. In the past 250 years, only eight new theses have been added to it.

The paper provides an overview of the provenances of the Jesuit books placed in the historical collection of the National Library of the Czech Republic. As expected, early printed books from former Jesuit libraries form one of the largest provenance groups in the NL collections. So far, 6,398 titles from the abolished Jesuit libraries in Bohemia have been identified. The identification of individual volumes is possible thanks to the relatively consistent ownership notes written on the title pages of the books; other clues are provided by specific bookbinding or donor inscriptions. In addition to the library of the Clementinum College, it has been possible to find fragments of the libraries of the Jesuit college in Český Krumlov, Chomutov, Jindřichův Hradec, Jičín, Kutná Hora, St Ignatius College in Prague, the colleges in Cheb, Hradec Králové, Litoměřice, Březnice, and the Professed House in the Lesser Town of Prague. Groups of books from the Jesuit residences in Bohosudov, Doupov, Golčův Jeníkov, Košumberk, Liběšice, Opařany, Ostředek, Stará Boleslav, Svatá Hora near Příbram, Tuchoměřice and Žampach have been documented as well. Of course, this overview of the preserved and identified fragments of Jesuit libraries is not complete. In addition, the libraries contained manuscripts and incunabula, but this research focuses on the collection of early printed books, especially its core, Bibliotheca nationalis.

The Žehuňský rybník National Nature Monument (Central Bohemia, Czech Republic) contains a pond (258 ha) with extensive wetlands in its surroundings. Aquatic molluscs of this area were studied in years 2005–2019. Altogether, 34 species were found at 29 sites. Anisus vortex, Planorbis planorbis, Valvata cristata, Stagnicola turricula, Bithynia tentaculata, Bathyomphalus contortus and Planorbarius corneus belonged to the most often recorded species, while 16 species were found at only 1–3 sites. Only old shells of two bivalves (Unio crassus, U. tumidus) were found. Rare and endangered bivalves Sphaerium nucleus and Pisidium pseudosphaerium inhabit large area of the wetlands. One non-native species, Ferrissia californica, was found.

The poor physical condition of paper carriers, not only books but especially older newspapers and magazines, significantly limits their use by the readership and, in the event of their disintegration, leads to an irreplaceable loss of part of the national cultural heritage. The reduced lifespan of manufactured materials, their lower mechanical resistance and frequent visual changes prevent interlibrary loan, limit user copying, and, most importantly, reduce the ability of curators of library collections to retain such damaged documents for future generations or at least until they are digitised. A survey of the physical condition of the collections is the first step in planning the activities of the preservation and conservation of large collections and holdings. It makes it possible to evaluate the most endangered parts of the collection and to plan the sequence of individual interventions for the stabilisation of library collections. The paper presents the survey procedure on the example of the collections of the National Library of the Czech Republic, the form of recording and the possibilities of implementation.

T he second edition of J ohann B ehrendt ’ s hymn book ISZ naujo pérweizd ėtos ir pagérintos Giesm û-Knygos AND PRAYER BOOK Maldû-Knygélos (1735): an unknown copy in Prague The article presents a 1735 Lithuanian publication from Königsberg (Lith. Karaliaučius) which was believed to not have survived—the hymn book for Prussian Lithuania’s Evangelical Lutherans Iß naujo pérweizdėtos ir pagérintos Giesmû-Knygos (Reviewed and Improved Hymn-book) and the prayer book Maldû-Knygélos (Prayer-book). The only known copy of the second edition of the hymn book and the prayer book was discovered in the National Library of the Czech Republic (Czech Národní knihovna České republiky; NK ČR: 33 K 139) in Prague. It has not been registered in Lithuanian bibliographies. Just as the first 1732 edition, the second edition appeared thanks to the initiative of the theology professor of the University of Königsberg and the chief court preacher, Johann Jacob Quandt (Lith. Jonas Jokūbas Kvantas, 1686–1772), while the archpresbyter of Insterburg (Lith. Įsrutis), Johann Behrendt (Lith. Jonas Berentas, 1667–1737), led the editing team. Aiming to reveal the differences of the second edition from the first, and to highlight the editing tendencies of the hymn and prayer books, this article not only discusses the main features of the copy, but also analyzes the structure of the 1735 edition including the repertoire of new hymns and linguistic particularities of the texts of hymns and prayers written in Lithuanian. Provenance research revealed that the copy belonged to the Lithuanian Dovydas Blindinaitis or Bl(i)undinaitis before reaching this library, and this is supported by handwritten inscriptions on the front and back flyleaves. He acquired the book in 1736 for 33 groschen and must have been its first owner. The imprint “REGIÆ BIBLIOTH: ACAD: PRAGEN:” (“Royal Library of the Academy of Prague”) which is seen on the title page of the hymn book could only appear after 1777 when the Public Imperial-Royal University Library (Czech Veřejná císařsko-královská univerzitní knihovna) in Prague had been established. From the perspective of structure, the 1735 Lithuanian publication is a convolute which consists of two alligates: (1) hymn book and (2) prayer book. The hymn book comprises: (a) two introductions—one written by Quandt in German and one written by Behrendt in Lithuanian, (b) the main section of the hymn book and its appendix “Kittos naujos Gieſmes ßwėey pridėtos” (“Other new recently added hymns”), (c) two indexes—the index for the Lithuanian hymns “Prirodijimas Wiſſû Gieſmû, ant kurro Laißko jos ßoſa Knygoſa randamos yra” (“A listing of all hymns which page they are found on in this book”) and the index of German original hymns called a “Regiſter” (“Register”). The prayer book comprises prayers, collects, the story of Christ’s suffering, and a list of thematic groups of these texts marked “Prirodijimas Wiſſû Maldû” (“A listing of all prayers”). The second (1735) edition of the hymn book differs remarkably from the first (1732) in its structure and scope: (1) All of the hymns that had been previously included in the 1732 edition’s “Appendix arba Kittos naujos Gieſmes ßwėey pridėtos” (“Appendix or other new recently added hymns”) (a total of 34) were integrated into the main section of the hymn book of the 1735 edition comprising 334 hymns; their thematic groupings and subgroupings remained the same; (2) The 1735 edition does not include one of the hymns published in 1732: Peter Gottlieb Mielcke’s (Lith. Petras Gotlybas Milkus, 1695–1753) translation “MIeli Krikßćionis dʒaukimės” (“Dear Christians let us rejoice”) (← Martin Luther, “Nun freut euch lieben Chriſten”); (3) The 1735 edition was supplemented with 26 hymns, that is to say, the second edition comprises 360 hymns. The new hymns are published in the appendix “Kittos naujos Gieſmes ßwėey pridėtos” (“Other new recently added hymns”). Cryptonyms attached to these hymns attest to the fact that their translators were two priests of Prussian Lithuania. For the first time, 18 hymns of the priest of Didlacken (Lith. Didlaukiai), Fabian Ulrich Glaser (Lith. Fabijonas Ulrichas Glazeris, 1688–1747), were included in this hymn book. The priest of Popelken (Lith. Papelkiai), Adam Friedrich Schimmelpfennig (Lith. Adomas Frydrichas Šimelpenigis, 1699–1763), translated 8 new hymns (while 15 of his hymns that had been already published in the 1732 edition were presented in the main section of the hymn book of the 1735 edition). The new repertoire of the Lithuanian hymn book was compiled from the translations of the following German hymn creators of the 16th–18th centuries: Johann Georg Albinus (1624–1679), Martin Behm (1557–1622), Kaspar Bienemann (Melissander, 1540–1591), Simon Dach (1605–1659), Johann Burchard Freystein (1671–1718), Paul Gerhardt (1607–1676), Johannes Gigas (Heune, 1514–1581), Ludwig Andreas Gotter (1661–1735), Johann Heermann (1585–1647), Heinrich Held (1620–1659), Martin Moller (1547–1606), Johann Rist (1607–1667), Samuel Rodigast (1649–1708), Johann Röling (1634–1679), Gottfried Wilhelm Sacer (1635–1699), Arnold Heinrich Sahme (1676–1734), Benjamin Schmolck (1672–1737). In contrast to the hymn book, the structure of the 1735 prayer book published concurrently were not changed; the thematic groups of prayers remained essentially the same as they were in the first edition of 1732. Texts of both the hymn book and the prayer book were edited. The editing tendencies in both are similar and encompass all linguistic levels (phonetics, morphology, lexicon, syntax), as well as orthography and punctuation, but the intensity of editing was different. The orthographic corrections prevail and the most consistent of them are: [i·] <ij> → <y> (characteristic only of the hymn book), [č’] <ć> → <cʒ> (together with refusing the marker indicating consonant palatalization <i>), [·] <e> → <ė>, [ž] ir [ž’] <Ʒ> → <>, marking accent placement with an acute accent < ’ >. The second edition reflects an important stage in the quantitative and qualitative development of Behrendt’s hymn book. In the second edition that appeared just three years later, we see the further consistent efforts of the editors to expand the repertoire of hymns and improve the texts in terms of language (i.e. they first of all sought to standardize the orthography of texts written in different centuries by many different translators). In contrast to the hymn book, the prayer book was improved along only one vector: the language of the texts was edited according to the same principles, while the number of prayers was not increased. The fact that the editors of the second edition devoted more attention to the hymn book than the prayer book probably stems from the important place that hymns hold in the Evangelical Lutheran liturgy.

This paper examines the electoral results of two extreme right-wing parties, namely the Národní Strana [National Party] and Právo a Spravedlnost [Law and Justice] in the 2006 local elections. The basic method chosen is a comparative study of their electoral results at the level of those municipalities where they were present. Local results for the two political parties are also compared and contrasted with their previous performance in parliamentary elections. Additionally, a longer-term analysis of electoral support for Sdružení pro Republiku – Republikánská strana ?eskoslovenska and its successors present in the above elections will be investigated. The distribution of electoral support will be attributed to selected socioeconomic factors, number of young voters, education, nationality, and number of religious people in society. On this basis in the presented text we will try to show the interdependence of electoral behavior.