Artículos de revistas: "Motorcyclists safety"

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Mohd Najib Yacob y Siti Nur Suhanna. "Road Safety Legal Compliance among Malaysian Motorcyclists". Current Science and Technology 2, n.º 1 (30 de diciembre de 2022): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/cst.v2i1.7589.

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With the ever increasing popularity of motorcycles as a mode of transport in Malaysia and several other countries in Southeast Asia, numerous of legislation, enforcement and other legal compliance are available to improve their effectiveness toward motorcyclists. The awareness level among motorcyclist toward legal compliance is very important to the motorcyclist to check and balance their knowledge and attitude toward road safety. The main objective on this study is to measure the level of compliance among motorcyclist towards Road Safety Legislations. Furthermore, the common errors done by motorcyclist during riding, and also legal compliance related to motorcycle are discussed in this study. A descriptive and cross sectional study was used to identify the level of awareness among motorcyclist towards legal compliance by using observation and a set of questionnaire. The result from the study revealed that knowledge and attitude among motorcyclists were good toward legal compliance of Road Safety regulations.

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Ospina-Mateus, Holman, Leonardo Augusto Quintana Jiménez, Francisco J. Lopez-Valdes y Shib Sankar Sana. "Prediction of motorcyclist traffic crashes in Cartagena (Colombia): development of a safety performance function". RAIRO - Operations Research 55, n.º 3 (mayo de 2021): 1257–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2021055.

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Motorcyclists account for more than 380 000 deaths annually worldwide from road traffic accidents. Motorcyclists are the most vulnerable road users worldwide to road safety (28% of global fatalities), together with cyclists and pedestrians. Approximately 80% of deaths are from low- or middle-income countries. Colombia has a rate of 9.7 deaths per 100 000 inhabitants, which places it 10th in the world. Motorcycles in Colombia correspond to 57% of the fleet and generate an average of 51% of fatalities per year. This study aims to identify significant factors of the environment, traffic volume, and infrastructure to predict the number of accidents per year focused only on motorcyclists. The prediction model used a negative binomial regression for the definition of a Safety Performance Function (SPF) for motorcyclists. In the second stage, Bayes’ empirical approach is implemented to identify motorcycle crash-prone road sections. The study is applied in Cartagena, one of the capital cities with more traffic crashes and motorcyclists dedicated to informal transportation (motorcycle taxi riders) in Colombia. The data of 2884 motorcycle crashes between 2016 and 2017 are analyzed. The proposed model identifies that crashes of motorcyclists per kilometer have significant factors such as the average volume of daily motorcyclist traffic, the number of accesses (intersections) per kilometer, commercial areas, and the type of road and it identifies 55 critical accident-prone sections. The research evidences coherent and consistent results with previous studies and requires effective countermeasures for the benefit of road safety for motorcyclists.

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Ijaz, Muhammad, Lan Liu, Yahya Almarhabi, Arshad Jamal, Sheikh Muhammad Usman y Muhammad Zahid. "Temporal Instability of Factors Affecting Injury Severity in Helmet-Wearing and Non-Helmet-Wearing Motorcycle Crashes: A Random Parameter Approach with Heterogeneity in Means and Variances". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 17 (24 de agosto de 2022): 10526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710526.

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Not wearing a helmet, not properly strapping the helmet on, or wearing a substandard helmet increases the risk of fatalities and injuries in motorcycle crashes. This research examines the differences in motorcycle crash injury severity considering crashes involving the compliance with and defiance of helmet use by motorcycle riders and highlights the temporal variation in their impact. Three-year (2017–2019) motorcycle crash data were collected from RESCUE 1122, a provincial emergency response service for Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The available crash data include crash-specific information, vehicle, driver, spatial and temporal characteristics, roadway features, and traffic volume, which influence the motorcyclist’s injury severity. A random parameters logit model with heterogeneity in means and variances was evaluated to predict critical contributory factors in helmet-wearing and non-helmet-wearing motorcyclist crashes. Model estimates suggest significant variations in the impact of explanatory variables on motorcyclists’ injury severity in the case of compliance with and defiance of helmet use. For helmet-wearing motorcyclists, key factors significantly associated with increasingly severe injury and fatal injuries include young riders (below 20 years of age), female pillion riders, collisions with another motorcycle, large trucks, passenger car, drivers aged 50 years and above, and drivers being distracted while driving. In contrast, for non-helmet-wearing motorcyclists, the significant factors responsible for severe injuries and fatalities were distracted driving, the collision of two motorcycles, crashes at U-turns, weekday crashes, and drivers above 50 years of age. The impact of parameters that predict motorcyclist injury severity was found to vary dramatically over time, exhibiting statistically significant temporal instability. The results of this study can serve as potential motorcycle safety guidelines for all relevant stakeholders to improve the state of motorcycle safety in the country.

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Kamaru Zaman, F. H., S. A. Che Abdullah, N. Abdul Razak, I. Pasya, J. Johari y N. E. Kordi. "Risk of Vehicle Blind Spot towards Motorcyclist Safety in Malaysia: Assessment on Perceptions of Behaviour". Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia 4, n.º 2 (1 de mayo de 2020): 168–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v4i2.37.

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Motorization in Asian countries is growing fast, and the motorcycle is the dominating transport mode. The number of motorcycles per thousand people averaged over several major Asian cities is significantly higher than the average of the rest of the world. With the growing use of motorcycles, road injuries and fatalities are a growing concern in Malaysia and one of its major causes is vehicle blind spots. In this work, we conduct a survey to assess the perception of the behaviour of road users concerning the risk of blind spots towards motorcyclist safety in Malaysia. We asked 397 respondents to classify themselves into one of these driving roles – (1) motorists (those who drive vehicles other than motorcycles), (2) motorcyclists, and (3) dual-role (drives other vehicles and motorcycles). We provide the respondents with 21 questions classified into few categories of assessments including blind spot awareness, blind spot risks, perception of faults in road collisions and near-misses, motorists and motorcyclists' behaviours, perception towards motorists, motorcyclists, and technology used to improve road safety. We found that 98.2 % of respondents are aware of the existence of blind spots on the vehicle and a total of 43 % of respondents agree that they have driving difficulty due to blind spots. Moreover, 75 % of respondents suggest that blind spot is a major contributing factor to road collisions or near-misses, with 63 % of collisions experienced are side collisions. We found that more than 30 % of motorists and motorcyclists believe that motorists are not careful towards motorcyclists' safety. Moreover, 51 % of motorists perceive motorcyclists as not being careful towards their safety, but 40 % of motorcyclists stated otherwise. Dual-role drivers show that they are more cautious towards the safety of fellow motorcyclists than the motorists. More dual-role drivers than motorcyclists suggest that they practice good behaviours in relation to vehicle blind spots while riding a motorcycle.

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Jalaludin, Jalaludin, Nunung Widyaningsih y Hermanto Dwiatmoko. "THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR APPLICATION ON MOTORCYCLE RIDER SAFETY BEHAVIOR". astonjadro 11, n.º 1 (30 de diciembre de 2021): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/astonjadro.v11i1.5990.

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<p>In Indonesia, the basis for implementing road safety consists of five pillars which are compiled in the General National Road Safety Plan (RUNK). One of the pillars proclaimed is the behavior of safe road users. This aims as an effort to reduce traffic accidents because road users are the biggest factor in road accidents related to user behavior. The cases of road traffic accidents in Indonesia are dominated by motorcyclists, especially Jakarta, which is one of the cities with a fairly high rate of motorcycle accidents. Because the behavior of road users is closely related to traffic accidents, and also motorcyclists are the users who are involved in the highest traffic accidents, this study explains the factors that determine the safety behavior of motorcyclists in Jakarta. The application of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is used as a basis for finding the factors that may determine the behavior of the motorcyclist. Furthermore, the research approach used in this study is quantitative with primary data in the form of a closed questionnaire instrument from 230 respondents who ride motorcycles in Jakarta. The data analysis technique used is the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach using the AMOS 22.00 program as a tool in determining the determinants of driver safety behavior. The results of the analysis show that the most dominant direct predictor in determining the safety behavior of motorcyclists in Jakarta is the intention to behave safely. While the indirect factor that determines is the attitude of the driver. The results of the analysis also show that the age of the driver has a significant influence on safety behavior.</p>

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Ferko, Marija, Dario Babić, Darko Babić, Ali Pirdavani, Marko Ševrović, Marijan Jakovljević y Grgo Luburić. "Influence of Road Safety Barriers on the Severity of Motorcyclist Injuries in Horizontal Curves". Sustainability 14, n.º 22 (9 de noviembre de 2022): 14790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214790.

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Motorcyclist safety remains a significant problem, and the overall safety of motorcyclists has been improved at a much slower rate in the last decade compared to passenger and commercial vehicles. Because motorcyclists are not protected by the vehicle frame, fatalities or severe injuries are often related to hitting a roadside object or safety barrier. The main objective of this study is to investigate relations between the presence and type of road safety barriers and the consequences of motorcycle crashes on rural roads. For this purpose, we analysed Croatian rural road-crash data from 2015–2019, tested several factors as single predictors, and combined them using binary logistic regression. The results show that run-off-road crashes and nighttime driving are significant risk factors. There was no significant positive impact of the presence of safety barriers on the crash consequences due to the unsuitability of the barriers for motorcyclists, which proves the fact that the functionality of existing safety barriers should be upgraded. The results of this study could be further used by researchers, road designers, and experts to improve road infrastructure safety on rural roads.

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Leong, Lee Vien, Shafida Azwina Mohd Shafie, Peng Kheng Gooi y Wins Cott Goh. "Assessing Self-Reported Risky Riding Behavior of Motorcyclists at Unsignalized Intersections for Sustainable Transportation". Sustainability 13, n.º 16 (16 de agosto de 2021): 9144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169144.

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In Malaysia, as more than 50% of road collisions involve motorcyclists, the traffic safety of motorcyclists is critical and must be given priority. This study aims to understand the effects of attitudes, social influences, and control factors on the risky riding behavior of motorcyclists at unsignalized intersections in Malaysia. A motorcyclist-riding-behavior survey was conducted to collect and analyze the self-reported risky riding behaviors of motorcyclists. Three main analyses, namely, frequency and percentage, crosstabulation and test of independence (chi-squared), and logistic regression were adopted to assess the self-reported risky riding behavior and its correlation with outcomes, social influences, and factors. The obtained results show that negative outcomes (χ2 = 89.689, df = 54, p = 0.002) and negative social influences (χ2 = 32.554, df = 18, p = 0.019) are significantly associated with risky riding behavior, while control factors, inhibiting (χ2 = 66.889, df = 48, p = 0.037) and facilitating factors (χ2 = 96.705, df = 72, p = 0.028), have significant effects on risky riding behavior. A greater comprehension of motorcyclists’ risky riding behavior based on their self-reported risky riding behavior and beliefs can influence motorcyclists in making positive changes in their riding style.

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XIAO, YINGNI, HELAI HUANG, YONG PENG y XINGHUA WANG. "A STUDY ON MOTORCYCLISTS HEAD INJURIES IN CAR–MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENTS BASED ON REAL-WORLD DATA AND ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION". Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 18, n.º 04 (junio de 2018): 1850036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519418500367.

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Accident data had shown that as one of the most vulnerable road users, the risk of motorcyclist casualties due to head injuries is extremely high in motorcycle accidents. The objective of this study was to analyze motorcyclist head injury based on epidemiological statistical analysis and car–motorcycle accident reconstruction using real world accident data, and obtain a comprehensive understanding about safety effects of helmets on motorcyclists head injury. In epidemiological data analysis of this study, odds ratios (ORs) was applied to identify differences in injuries between helmeted and unhelmeted motorcyclists. Two vehicle–motorcycle collisions with detailed information were reconstructed by using PC-Crash simulation and MADYMO reconstruction. Furthermore, the head injury reconstruction using MADYMO outputs as boundary conditions was accomplished and analyzed with respect to 1st principal strain, Von Mises stress, coup pressure, countercoup pressure at the cerebrum. The results indicated that unhelmeted motorcyclists were more likely to suffer head injury, serious and fatal injury, and tend to take equal responsibility or more. 1st principal strain was reduced from 0.44 to 0.25 for Case 1, and from 0.16 to 0.10 for case 2 when including a helmet. Von Mises stress were reduced from 30.37[Formula: see text]kpa to 19.51[Formula: see text]kpa for Case 1 and from 3.42[Formula: see text]kpa to 3.03[Formula: see text]kpa for case when including a helmet, which meant a reduction of the risk of concussion. But the motorcyclist in Case 2 experienced a lower percentage increase in coup pressure and countercoup pressure. This study provided comprehensive knowledge on motorcyclists head injuries and the effectiveness of helmets as well as contributing to develop the injury prevention measures and protection devices of motorcyclists.

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Solah, M. S., A. Hamzah, Z. Mohd Jawi, A. H. Ariffin, N. F. Paiman, M. H. Md Isa y M. S. Khalid. "The Requisite for Motorcycle Personal Protective Clothing: Malaysia's Perspective". Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia 3, n.º 1 (29 de abril de 2021): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i1.107.

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Nearly 1.3 million people are killed and up to 50 million people are injured on the world's roads every year. Approximately 30% of road deaths involve motorcyclists especially in the ASEAN region. In Malaysia, the number of motorcycle accidents is consistently increasing in parallel with the rising number of registered motorcycles. Motorcyclists are categorized under vulnerable road users (VRUs) due to their disadvantages in terms of safety. It is believed that personal protection equipment (PPE) is able to mitigate and minimize motorcyclist injuries resulted from road crashes. The most basic PPE for motorcyclist is the helmet which is made mandatory in many Southeast Asia countries due to its effectiveness in reducing head injuries. Other than that, protective clothing is also vital to protect human body parts from trauma. This study attempts to explore the effectiveness of motorcycle protective clothing performance available in Malaysia. Selected motorcycle protective clothing was tested using anthropometric test device, calibration equipment and instrument. In addition, a market survey was conducted to explore and examine the types and trends of motorcycle protective clothing available. This study finds that motorcycle protective clothing with protector i.e. padding and airbag can provide potentially reduced neck and chest injury in contrast with those with no protection. Furthermore, the result reveals that 55% of the protective clothing available is made of synthetic material. The overall results provide significant information that is useful in the development of countermeasures to improve motorcyclists' safety.

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Priyantha Wedagama, Dewa Made y Darren Wishart. "Analysing local motorcyclists’ perception towards road safety". MATEC Web of Conferences 276 (2019): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927603002.

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This study sought to investigate differences in local motorcyclists’ perception towards road safety in Bali. The independent variables consisted of socio-demographic characteristics containing gender, age, marital status, education levels, riding license ownerships, exposure measured by estimates of distance travelled, future riding purposes in the next year, self estimation in riding skill and in being safer motorcyclists, experiences of minor motorcycle crashes, and casualties in the last three years. Two models were developed which consisted of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Structural Equation Model (SEM). This study found that sensation seeking significantly influences on attitudes towards risky riding indicating motorcyclists in Bali are more likely to undertake risky riding behaviours on the road as long as they believe there is some degree of control. Interestingly, female motorcyclists involving local residents have low perceptions towards road safety. Further studies on the gender of motorcyclists therefore, are required to provide more information for more target specific and effective road safety campaign.

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A.A., Kolade y Adebukunola O.A. "Perception and Compliance with Use of Safety Helmet as a Preventive Measure among Commercial Motorcyclists in Yoruba Ethnic-Dominated South-West Nigeria". International Journal of Public Health and Pharmacology 1, n.º 2 (3 de agosto de 2021): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ijphp-eoeecvum.

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Significant proportion of motorcyclists in Nigeria do not adhere to appropriate safety measures due to ethnic and cultural misconceptions, prominent among which is the perceived belief among Yorubas in South-west Nigeria that motorcycle helmets could be a medium for spells and communicable infections. Study assessed the perception of commercial motorcyclists about safety helmets, examined the attitude of motorcyclists and level of compliance with safety helmets. Study adopted a sequential explanatory mixed method using quantitative and qualitative data collection. Quantitative aspect employed semi-structured questionnaires to collect data from 200 commercials while Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted for the qualitative study. Chi-square statistic was used to examine association between dependent and independent variables, statistical significance taken at p<0.05. Qualitative responses were analyzed and findings presented thematically. Findings revealed that 82.5% of the motorcyclists had positive perception, 62.0% had a negative attitude towards safety helmets while 22.5% of the motorcyclists complied with appropriate safety helmet guidelines. Compliance with safety helmets was significantly associated with motorcyclists’ educational qualification (p=0.03), ethnicity (p=0.01) and perception about safety helmets (p=0.04). Study concluded that increased awareness and advocacy which takes cognizance of cultural contexts of motorcyclists are vital if fatalities from road traffic injuries are to be reduced in Nigeria.

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Agboeze, Matthias U., Ruphina U. Nwachukwu, Michael O. Ugwueze y Maryrose N. Agboeze. "Occupational Health and Safety of Commercial Motorcyclists in Obollo-Afor: An Adult Education Approach". Global Journal of Health Science 12, n.º 9 (26 de junio de 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v12n9p24.

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This study investigated Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) public education programme as an adult education approach for improving the health and safety conditions of commercial motorcyclists in Obollo-afor, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The population of the study comprised of the four hundred and sixty four (464) commercial motorcyclists and FRSC staff, out of which 108 commercial motorcyclists and the 10 Federal Road Safety Corps staff were sampled using purposive sampling technique. The findings of the study include that FRSC public education programme to a high extent can help in the reduction of accidents and injuries involving commercial motorcyclists. The study recommended that FRSC officials should organize regular road safety awareness campaign on the streets, schools, churches and market square.

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Mazlan, N. A., W. J. Yahya, A. M. Ithnin y M. S. Ahmad Laili. "A Study of Malaysian Motorcyclists' Behaviour from the Perspective of Pickup Truck". Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia 3, n.º 3 (29 de abril de 2021): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v3i3.127.

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The number of fatalities related to motorcyclists in Malaysia has exceeded 4,000 people a year in the recent years. The cause of each accident may vary from case to case but mostly related to human errors. Many studies have tried to relate motorcyclist behaviour and number of crashes through survey and statistical analysis. In this study, a pick-up truck equipped with a Video Camera Recorder (VCR) will be used to record motorcyclist behaviour in highway and urban areas for three months. The data from VCR was analysed and categorized into two groups; motorcyclist riding behaviour and safety requirement. The behaviour will be discussed and causes that can lead to accidents will be identified.

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Andrijanto, Itoh Makoto y Pangaribuan Alphared Gabariel. "“What the Organization Has”: An Investigation of Situational Aspects of Safety Culture of Road Traffic Organization Using a Macroergonomic Approach". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, n.º 1 (diciembre de 2020): 836–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641194.

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This research applied a reciprocal model to investigate the safety culture of road traffic organizations for motorcyclists’ safety. By focusing on the situational aspects, we applied the four steps of the macroergonomic approach to analyze a local government organization in Indonesia. We identified some weak elements of safety culture embedded in the sub-system level of the organization. The absence of proper education of motorcyclist candidates has led to failures in developing their skills and knowledge. In addition, we found that the existence of the item “if any” in the licensing registration procedure weakened the understanding of the importance of learning. Investigation of situational aspects revealed some critical issues regarding safety culture development by road traffic organizations.

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Mortimer, Rudolf G. "Motorcyclists' Brake Operation, Motorcycle Brake Controls and a Case Study: The Need for Human Factors Engineering". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 46, n.º 10 (septiembre de 2002): 890–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120204601003.

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A survey was made of the braking techniques reportedly used by 180 motorcyclists in a variety of conditions. Overall, the motorcyclists indicated that they used both front and rear brakes in hard braking 75% of the time on dry pavement and 47% on wet, but in other conditions they mostly used the rear brake first or exclusively. That the rear brake is preferred is not surprising because of the design of the brake controls and other reasons. Reliance on the rear brake at the expense of the front wheel brake leads to reduced deceleration. A crash case study exemplifies the effect. Integrated brakes, in which each brake control simultaneously activates the brakes on the front and rear wheels, are indicated by good human factors design and by motorcyclist's braking performance and should improve safety, especially when the brakes incorporate anti-locking mechanisms

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Marayatr, Thepnimit y Pinit Kumhom. "Motorcyclist's Helmet Wearing Detection Using Image Processing". Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (mayo de 2014): 588–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.588.

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Motorcycle accidents have been rapidly growing throughout the years in many countries. Due to various social and economic factors, this type of vehicle is becoming increasingly popular. The helmet is the main safety equipment of motorcyclists but many drivers do not use it. If a motorcyclist is without helmet an accident can be fatal. This paper presented an automatic method for vehicle detection, motorcycles classification on public roads and a system for automatic detection of motorcyclists without helmet. For processing, in first step, we detect vehicles that moving real-time by extracting back ground out from front ground using back subtraction then enhancing it using threshold and mathematical morphology method. In the second step, we classify between motorcycle and other vehicles. Area is applied for feature extraction and neural network is applied for classification. In the final step, Hough transform is applied for detecting a helmet. From the experimental results, the accuracy rates of the motorcycle classification and helmet detection were 98.22% and 77%, respectively.

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Evans, Vaughan. "Death and Injury in Motorcycle Accidents: The Utilisation of Technology to Reduce Risk." Journal of Road Safety 32, n.º 2 (1 de mayo de 2021): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33492/jrs-d-21-00004.

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In the early 1970s in Great Britain, the fatality rate for motorcyclists was twenty times that for a car driver, this relative risk has widened to around fifty in modern times. Motorcycling has not become more hazardous, rather a modest decline in the fatality rate over four decades has been eclipsed by a considerably greater reduction in the rate for car drivers. Travel by car has become safer, with seatbelts, a rigid safety cell and crumple zones, airbags, head restraints, energy-absorbing steering wheels, and shatter-resistant windscreens, all contributing to risk reduction. A motorcyclist, conversely, on most modern machines, has none of these features, with the crash helmet being the only safety feature generally adopted by motorcyclists over the last half century. The risk inherent in motorcycling could be reduced to a similar level as car travel by a radical re-design of the motorcycle to include a rigid safety cell, clad in energy absorbing deformable material, coupled with a rider restraint system. Less radical technological changes that could reduce the risk of injury, or death, include fitted anti-lock braking systems, ideally with integrated stability control, and an integral impact-activated airbag may arrest the forward motion of a rider in frontal impact conditions. The relatively simple measure of increased rider and/or machine conspicuousness can reduce the risk of certain accidents.

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Lee, Chanyoung, Behzad Karimi, Siwon Jang y Victoria Salow. "Understanding Emerging Motorcyclist Segments in Crashes using Florida Crash Data and Statewide Survey". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, n.º 34 (19 de octubre de 2018): 106–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118798177.

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The United States experienced a continued sharp increase in motorcycle fatalities between 1997 and 2008, with a 9% average annual increase, which resulted in a rapid doubling of motorcycle fatalities within a decade. After a major decline in both the number of fatalities and the fatality rate between 2008 and 2009, motorcycle fatalities and fatality rates have been fluctuating. It was discovered that the demographics of motorcyclists involved in fatal motorcycle crashes have changed because of an increase in the number of motorcyclists under age 30 and over age 50 during the past 10 years. As a result, motorcyclists in the United States can be clustered into three distinct segments by age in crash experiences. This study used motorcycle crash data in Florida that observed similar demographic changes and explored characteristics of the three segments. Descriptive analyses including Chi-square tests showed that each segment had different crash outcomes and different levels of exposure to common risk factors. Crash injury models were developed to understand variables that increase the level of injury severity in each segment. A statewide survey was completed to explore the sociodemographic characteristics of the three motorcyclist segments in Florida, which often are not available through crash data. Overall, the three motorcycle segments identified in this study have unique riding characteristics and crash outcomes. This is essential information for developing and managing motorcycle safety programs in an effective and efficient manner.

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Lemonakis, Panagiotis, Eleni Misokefalou, Nikolaos Eliou y Myrofora Koroni. "Comparative Analysis of Motorcyclists’ Gaze Behavior in Different Road Environments". WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 16 (22 de noviembre de 2021): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232016.2021.16.29.

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While car drivers consist the vast majority of road users, motorcycle drivers are considered among the most vulnerable ones with significant participation in accidents. The present study investigates the role of elements that permanently exist in the road environment and affect motorcyclist’s behavior since their usefulness requires visual contact between them and the rider during a certain period of time. Therefore, on such an occasion the riders do not monitor the road ahead which is considered as a fundamental driving task and hence the visual search and scan is not directed to the frontal view. The main objective of this paper is to identify and evaluate certain aspects of motorcyclists’ behavior influenced by exterior factors, such as observation of vertical signage or advertisement signs, by using naturalistic data. Motorcyclist’s visual behavior is evaluated via a continuous recording of his gaze, which acts as the main indicator regarding the rider’s performance, with the use of special equipment under naturalistic riding conditions. The selection of a naturalistic method permits continuous data recording, producing real-time data. Thus, the results are reliable and valid to the maximum possible extent. This research is based on a medium-scale experimental procedure that took place in three different road sections in Western Greece. A number of 11 motorcyclists participated in the study. The present research may be used as a tool to improve road infrastructure and to identify attitudes that pose a risk to rider’s safety aiming to the creation of a safer road environment, which will lead to less fatal and serious accidents.

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Chen, Ping-Ling, Yi-Chu Chen y Chih-Wei Pai. "Motorcyclist Is the Right-of-Way Violator: A Population-Based Study of Motorcycle Right-of-Way Crash in Taiwan". Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (17 de julio de 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9543787.

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The most typical and catastrophic car-motorcycle crash occurs when a car manoeuvres into the path of an approaching motorcycle at an intersection, which involves a car driver violating motorcycle’s right of way (ROW). In Taiwan, however, motorcyclists are frequently the ROW violator—they are observed to frequently infringe upon the ROW of oncoming vehicles at intersections. Such a ROW crash in which a left-turn motorcyclist crosses in front of approaching traffic appears to be a safety problem in terms of its frequency and accident consequence. Using the National Taiwan Crash Database, the present study estimates a logistic regression model to predict the likelihood of an approach-turn motorcycle-turning crash (relative to a car-turning crash). Results indicate that given a ROW crash where the rider was female, old, drunk, unlicensed, riding a moped, and on a NBU roadway, the likelihood of a motorcycle-turning crash tends to increase. Our study contributes to the existing motorcycle safety research by reporting the determinants of the unique crashes in which the motorcyclist is the ROW violator.

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Suzuki, Koji, Wael K. M. Alhajyaseen, Kazuki Imada y Charitha Dias. "Motorcyclists’ Safety on Expressways: Subjective and Objective Evaluations". Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 44, n.º 10 (13 de mayo de 2019): 8859–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-03895-7.

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Naildo Cardoso Leitão, Francisco, Ítalla Maria Pinheiro Bezerra, Renata Martins Macedo Pimentel, Gabrielle Do Amaral Virgínio Pereira, Adilson Monteiro, Alan Patricio da Silva, Beatriz Cecilio Bebiano y Andrés Ricardo Perez Riera. "Factors associated with incidence and mortality by road accidents involving motorcyclists and pedestrians: a rapid systematic review". Journal of Human Growth and Development 32, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2022): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v32.12614.

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Introduction: traffic accidents are the third leading cause of death in the world. Vulnerable road users do not benefit from a high level of protection. As such, they face devastating consequences when involved in accidents. Objective: to analyze the incidence and mortality, and associated factors in traffic accidents among motorcyclists and pedestrians. Methods: rapid Systematic review of articles from the National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Virtual Health Library (VHL), and Web of Science databases using the descriptors Mortality, Accidents, traffic, Motorcyclists and Pedestrians. Inclusion criteria were: (1) studies involving pedestrians and motorcyclists; (2) the object of study is traffic accidents; (3) articles that studied mortality; and (4) articles published in the last ten years (2010-2019). Results: of the 206 articles found, 19 met the inclusion criteria. Factors such as increased sales of motorcycles, darkness on the roads, older pedestrians, lack of safety equipment for motorcyclists, and drug and alcohol intake contribute to the increase of the mortality rate of these individuals. Conclusion: mortality due to traffic accidents involving pedestrians and motorcyclists has increased during the analyzed period, especially among men.

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23

Mohd Shafie, Shafida Azwina, Wins Cott Goh y Lee Vien Leong. "Evaluating the Influence of Positive Affect, Risk Perception, and Personal Characteristics on the Risk-Taking Riding Behaviors of Motorcyclists". Applied Sciences 13, n.º 2 (12 de enero de 2023): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13021056.

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This study on Malaysian motorcyclists was carried out due to the high fatality rate of motorcycle traffic accidents. A survey was conducted to assess demographic information, risky behavior engagement, positive affect, and risk perception among Malaysian motorcyclists. The results were analyzed using partial least square structural equation modeling to assess the survey’s reliability and validity. Consequently, a statistical model was created based on the hypothesis model where the relationship among each latent construct was evaluated, including risk perception, positive affect, risky behavior, and mediator personal characteristics. The model revealed that positive affect had the strongest positive relationship with the construct of risky behavior (t-value of 15.517), while the personal characteristics of the rider had a significant direct effect on risky behavior, with a t-value of 2.175. In addition, an indirect effect of personal characteristics on risky behavior through positive affect was also found to be significant (t-value = 3.885). These results concur with most studies conducted on motorist driving behavior showing that motorcyclist risky behavior engagement can potentially be reduced from the perspective of encouragement and empowerment instead of enforcement and deterrence. This study is important in identifying practical measures that can integrate road safety into a broader strategy for sustainable transportation.

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Olasinde, Anthony Ayotunde, Kehinde Sunday Oluwadiya, Franck Katembo Sikakulya y Joshua Muhumza. "Road Safety Regulations: How Compliant are Commercial Motorcyclists in Semi-Urban Towns in Western Nigeria?" East African Journal of Health and Science 5, n.º 2 (10 de noviembre de 2022): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajhs.5.2.953.

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The aim of the study was to determine compliance with road safety laws and factors that influence it among commercial motorcyclists in semi-urban towns in Western Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study was done using a multi-stage sampling technique of 502 commercial motorcyclists. Data was collected using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics with statistical significance determined at a 95% confidence interval and p-value of 0.05. The median age of respondents was 30 years; most were in the second and third phases of life. Compliance with road safety regulations was good in only 26% of respondents; mobile phone usage and alcohol drink riding was found in 31.9% and 28.1%, respectively. Approximately 96.4% indulged in carrying more than one pillion rider, 48% admitted to riding against traffic, and 83.3% wore reflective jackets at night. Use of stimulants was reported among 39.4% of respondents, while only 13.7% smoke cigarettes. The reported crash was found in 56.8% of respondents. Those with previous traffic violations and those that admitted fault for the crash were 2.75 times and 2.51 times more likely to comply with road safety regulations [AOR:2.748, 95%CI: 1.784- 4.332 and AOR: 2.512, 95% CI: 1.195-5-5.278] respectively. Compliance with road safety regulations was poor among commercial motorcyclists in the study population. Measures gingered towards increasing observance of road safety regulations such as increased safety education, effective policing to enforce compliance and punishment of erring riders, should be instituted. This will eventually translate to increased awareness and enhance road safety

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25

Lee, Jaeyoung, Mohamed Abdel-Aty, Jung-Han Wang y Chanyoung Lee. "Long-Term Effect of Universal Helmet Law Changes on Motorcyclist Fatal Crashes: Comparison Group and Empirical Bayes Approaches". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2637, n.º 1 (enero de 2017): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2637-04.

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A motorcyclist helmet is considered important safety equipment because it prevents or minimizes head and brain injuries, which are often fatal. Hence, in the 1960s and 1970s, most of the states in the United States enacted the universal helmet law (UHL) requiring all motorcyclists to wear helmets. Many researchers have examined the effect of the helmet law changes by using before-and-after studies and found that repealing the law had a negative effect on motorcyclists. In this study, the authors have attempted to explore the long-term impacts of repeal and reinstatement of the UHL by using 13 to 16 years of data. A before-and-after study with a comparison group and empirical Bayes methods was adopted to account for the passage of time and its effect on other factors such as exposure, maturation, trend, and regression-to-the-mean bias. A range of safety performance functions was developed on the basis of counties and parishes, and the expected fatal motorcycle crashes were calculated. The results showed that the UHL repeal still had significant effects on motorcycle fatal crash counts even 7 to 12 years after the repeal of the law. The crash modification factors showed that the UHL repeal increased the number of motorcycle fatal crashes by 15% to 41%, whereas reinstatement of the UHL decreased it by 21% to 27%. It is expected that the results from this study could be helpful for state policy makers to clearly understand the effects of the UHL on reducing motorcycle fatal crashes.

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26

Brkic, Zeljko. "Endangering the road traffic safety by traffic police motorcyclists". Bezbednost, Beograd 59, n.º 2 (2017): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/bezbednost1702097b.

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Houston, David J. "Are helmet laws protecting young motorcyclists?" Journal of Safety Research 38, n.º 3 (enero de 2007): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2007.05.002.

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Zhang, Guangnan, Ying Tan, Qiaoting Zhong y Ruwei Hu. "Analysis of Traffic Crashes Caused by Motorcyclists Running Red Lights in Guangdong Province of China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 2 (11 de enero de 2021): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020553.

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Motorcycles are among the primary means of transport in China, and the phenomenon of motorcyclists running red lights is becoming increasingly prevalent. Based on the traffic crash data for 2006–2010 in Guangdong Province, China, fixed- and random-parameter logit models are used to study the characteristics of motorcyclists, vehicles, roads, and environments involved in red light violations and injury severity resulting from motorcyclists’ running red lights in China. Certain factors that affect the probability of motorcyclists running red lights are identified. For instance, while the likelihood of violating red light signals during dark conditions is lower than during light conditions for both car drivers and pedestrians, motorcyclists have significantly increased probability of a red light violation during dark conditions. For the resulting severe casualties in red-light-running crashes, poor visibility is a common risk factor for motorcyclists and car drivers experiencing severe injury. Regarding the relationship between red light violations and the severity of injuries in crashes caused by motorcyclists running red lights, this study indicated that driving direction and time period have inconsistent effects on the probability of red light violations and the severity of injuries. On the one hand, the likelihood of red light violations when a motorcycle rider is turning left/right is higher than when going straight, but this turning factor has a nonsignificant impact on the severity of injuries; on the other hand, reversing, making a U-turn and changing lanes have nonsignificant effects on the probability of motorcyclists’ red light violations in contrast to going straight, but have a very significant impact on the severity of injuries. Moreover, the likelihood of red light violations during the early morning is higher than off-peak hours, but this time factor has a negative impact on the severity of injuries. Measures including road safety educational programs for targeted groups and focused enforcement of traffic policy and regulations are suggested to reduce the number of crashes and the severity of injuries resulting from motorcyclists running red lights.

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Zhang, Guangnan, Ying Tan, Qiaoting Zhong y Ruwei Hu. "Analysis of Traffic Crashes Caused by Motorcyclists Running Red Lights in Guangdong Province of China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 2 (11 de enero de 2021): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020553.

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Motorcycles are among the primary means of transport in China, and the phenomenon of motorcyclists running red lights is becoming increasingly prevalent. Based on the traffic crash data for 2006–2010 in Guangdong Province, China, fixed- and random-parameter logit models are used to study the characteristics of motorcyclists, vehicles, roads, and environments involved in red light violations and injury severity resulting from motorcyclists’ running red lights in China. Certain factors that affect the probability of motorcyclists running red lights are identified. For instance, while the likelihood of violating red light signals during dark conditions is lower than during light conditions for both car drivers and pedestrians, motorcyclists have significantly increased probability of a red light violation during dark conditions. For the resulting severe casualties in red-light-running crashes, poor visibility is a common risk factor for motorcyclists and car drivers experiencing severe injury. Regarding the relationship between red light violations and the severity of injuries in crashes caused by motorcyclists running red lights, this study indicated that driving direction and time period have inconsistent effects on the probability of red light violations and the severity of injuries. On the one hand, the likelihood of red light violations when a motorcycle rider is turning left/right is higher than when going straight, but this turning factor has a nonsignificant impact on the severity of injuries; on the other hand, reversing, making a U-turn and changing lanes have nonsignificant effects on the probability of motorcyclists’ red light violations in contrast to going straight, but have a very significant impact on the severity of injuries. Moreover, the likelihood of red light violations during the early morning is higher than off-peak hours, but this time factor has a negative impact on the severity of injuries. Measures including road safety educational programs for targeted groups and focused enforcement of traffic policy and regulations are suggested to reduce the number of crashes and the severity of injuries resulting from motorcyclists running red lights.

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30

Inuwa, Nasiru, Abdullahi Mohammed Jikan-Jatum y Dr Hassana Yahya Bello. "Motorcycles Health and Traffic Safety: Evidence from Commercial Motorcyclists in Gombe State, Nigeria". Journal of Arts and Humanities 6, n.º 5 (24 de abril de 2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/journal.v6i5.1101.

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<p>Although commercial motorcyclists are gaining acceptance by all and sundry as a means of public transport which are adapted to the contemporary Nigerian society. However, expose to all hazards including accidents are further worsened by the lack of proper knowledge on road safety measures of the commercial motorcycle riders. Therefore, this study evaluates the effects of a commercial motorcycle on health and traffic safety in Gombe metropolis, Gombe State, Nigeria. The study was carried out in Gombe Metropolis with using the random sampling technique to select 500 motorcyclists sample size. The data generated were analyzed using simple percentages. The study finds that most of the motorcycles accidents were caused by reckless riding, drug abuse and disregard to traffic rules. Similarly, the study finds that Tricycles are the most important factor causing motorcycle accidents in Gombe metropolis. Furthermore, the study finds that most of the respondents suffer from at least one health challenge as a result of their continuous use of the motorcycle. The study therefore recommends that government and other relevant agencies should be equipped with materials and human resources to embark on regular and massive breath testing of motorcyclists to detect riders who ride under the influence of drugs. This can be achieved through identifying the Drunken riders and make them face the wrath of the law.</p>

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Pervez, Amjad, Jaeyoung Lee, Helai Huang y Xiaoqi Zhai. "What Factors Would Make Single-Vehicle Motorcycle Crashes Fatal? Empirical Evidence from Pakistan". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 10 (10 de mayo de 2022): 5813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19105813.

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The existing research on motorcycle safety has shown that single-vehicle motorcycle crashes (SVMC) account for a higher fatality rate than other types of crashes. Also, motorcycle safety has become one of the critical traffic safety issues in many developing countries, such as Pakistan, due to the growing number of motorcycles and lack of sufficient relevant infrastructure. However, the available literature on SVMC and motorcycle safety in developing countries is limited. Therefore, the present study attempted to investigate the factors that contribute to the injury severity of SVMC in a developing country, Pakistan. For this purpose, a random parameter logit model with heterogeneity in means and variances is developed using two years of data extracted from the road traffic injury research project in Karachi city, Pakistan. The study’s findings show that the presence of pillion passengers and young motorcyclists indicators result in random parameters with heterogeneity in their means and variances. The study’s results also reveal that the summer, morning time, weekends, older motorcyclists, collisions with fixed objects, speeding, and overtaking are positively, while younger motorcyclists and the presence of pillion passengers are negatively associated with fatal crashes. More importantly, in the particular Pakistan’s context, female pillion passenger clothes trapped in the wheel, riding under the influence, intersections, U-turns, and collisions due to loss of control are also found to significantly influence the injury severity of SVMC. Based on these research findings, multiple appropriate countermeasures are recommended to enhance motorcycle safety in Pakistan and other developing countries with similar problems.

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32

Alias, N. K., A. Azhar, W. Ameer Batcha y Z. H. Zulkipli. "Safety Riding Gear Wearing Status among Industrial Workers Commute to Work in Bangi: A Baseline Study". Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia 4, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2020): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v4i3.30.

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In Malaysia, motorcyclists have been known to record the highest fatality rate in road accidents every year. On average, around 12 motorcyclists and pillion riders die each day in road accidents. This is a cross-sectional study conducted among workers riding to work and return from work in selected manufacturing companies in Bangi. Results show the wearing rate of safety helmet and vest among selected companies that participated shows high compliance of helmet wearing while the wearing rate of safety vest was very low, less than 4%. Most of the riders wore the jacket during riding (70.5%) however it was dark colour (74%) and not a proper riding jacket. Last but not least, about 71% of rider wore proper footwear to their workplace rather than slipper. Full commitment from employer and employee is a must to create a safety culture among riders.

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33

Kim, Karl y Joseph Boski. "Finding Fault in Motorcycle Crashes in Hawaii: Environmental, Temporal, Spatial, and Human Factors". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1779, n.º 1 (enero de 2001): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1779-24.

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Patterns of fault among drivers and motorcycle riders involved in collisions in Hawaii are examined. Personal and behavioral characteristics of drivers and riders involved in crashes are described, then temporal, roadway, and environmental factors associated with crashes between motorcycles and other motor vehicles are discussed. An argument is made that focusing on fault provides a strategic starting point for educational and traffic enforcement programs for drivers and motorcycle riders alike. A fault model is built by using logistic regression to predict the odds of fault for motorcyclists and vehicles involved in crashes. The spatial distribution of at-fault motorcyclists and drivers is mapped to determine if there are distinct spatial patterns for enforcement and educational efforts. The implications for motorcycle safety, driver education, law enforcement, and traffic safety research are discussed.

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34

Duong, Hue Trong y Lukas Parker. "Going with the flow". Journal of Social Marketing 8, n.º 3 (9 de julio de 2018): 314–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsocm-10-2017-0064.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine motorcycle driving norms and their implications for social marketing practice. It investigates whether misperceptions of descriptive norms related to motorcycle speeding behaviour are prevalent among young motorcyclists, and whether there is an association between these misperceptions with their speeding behaviour. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey of 541 young motorcyclists was carried out as the second phase of a larger project, which examined the role of social norms related to road safety attitudes and behaviours. Findings The results showed misperceptions of perceived speeding norms among both male and female young motorcyclists. There was an association between normative misperceptions and speeding behaviour, and between speeding behaviour and approval to speeding behaviour by young motorcyclists. In addition, peer presence was found to moderate the relationship between misperceptions of speeding norms and speeding behaviour. Originality/value The study contributes to addressing the call for study of social norms marketing and health risks in non-Western contexts. Further, the results provide support for social marketers to consider the use of social norms approach in designing social marketing campaigns to promote safe motorcycle driving behaviours.

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Azhar, Hamzah, Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin, Solah Mohd Syazwan y Shaw Voon Wong. "Estimating Energy Absorbing Performance of Motorcycle Safety Helmet". Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (octubre de 2014): 574–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.574.

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Motorcyclists’ fatalities are overrepresented in the national statistics for years and the figure is predicted to rise further into the year 2020. In details, head injuries have contributed approximately 60% to the records, despite the use of safety helmets. New helmets performance has been well studied and widely accepted to reduce the head injury risks to motorcyclists by way of maximizing crash energy absorption. However in-service helmets energy management capability and information are limited. Therefore, this work attempts to further explore the knowledge and seek clarification of in-service helmet energy absorbing performance by performing experimental tests relative to standards protocols. A set of in-service helmets were collected from the public through an exchange basis and impact-tested twice per sites, at 4 sites, in accordance to MS1:1996 test protocols. The main data obtained was headform centre of gravity acceleration values, in terms of g. The results indicated that energy absorbing performances of most in-service helmets were able to meet standard requirements, regardless of their service ages. A few samples, however, demonstrated out of tolerance performances especially in the successive impact test at the same sites. Appearance of microcrack in the impact foam may have contributed to these values.

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Subaryata, Subaryata, Mutharuddin Mutharuddin, N. Irawati, S. Nugroho, L. P. Bowo, A. Rustandi, T. S. Mardiana et al. "The Urgency of the Improved Intensity of Traffic Usage Safety Education by Students". RSF Conference Series: Engineering and Technology 2, n.º 2 (29 de noviembre de 2022): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/cset.v2i2.553.

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Motorcycle is the most commonly owned transportation mode by most Indonesian citizens due to its affordable price and size, which makes them suitable for road shapes in Indonesian residential area. In recent times, student motorcyclists have increased in number, although using motorcycles by people younger than 17 years old violates the Law of Traffic Usage and Road Transportation and might be penalized. Motorcycles are the type of vehicle that has accident-prone characteristics. Many student motorcyclists have been in traffic accidents resulting in injuries, physical disabilities even deaths. Traffic usage safety has been conducted in various types of media, written or electronic. It has been done in school counseling as well. Most students have yet to take the session regularly. The material and methods of education delivery of traffic have been rated well. The primary data is obtained by sharing questionnaires using Google Forms by junior and senior high school students in Bekasi Regency. The data analysis uses Crosstab and Chi-Square tests. Based on the analysis result, there is a connection between gender, age, school level, traveling time, and traffic usage education intensity with traffic accidents that have been experienced. The more intense the education/socialization on traffic safety, the less the percentage of an accident will be. Theoretically, student motorcyclists' understanding of traffic safety is rated well, although the application consistency has yet to be seen. Therefore, there has to be an improvement in the education/ socialization intensity of traffic that enables every student to receive the educational material.

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Perzyński, Tomasz, Daniel Pietruszczak y Łukasz Witczak. "Analysis of the safety of movement of two-wheeled vehicles in the years 2010-2017 on the example of the Radom County". AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, n.º 12 (31 de diciembre de 2018): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.381.

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The paper presents selected solutions increasing safety in two-wheeled vehicles. Selected elements of passive and active safety in motorcycles were discussed. Statistical data on the share of two-wheeled vehicles in road incidents in the years 2010 - 2017 in the Radom County were presented. The results of the survey conducted among motorcyclists were shown.

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Jang, Dong-Hwan. "A Wearable Safety Device for the Body Protection of Motorcyclists". Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers 20, n.º 1 (31 de enero de 2021): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14775/ksmpe.2021.20.01.025.

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39

Sreedharan, Jayadevan, Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil, Binoo Divakaran y Jeesha C. Haran. "Determinants of safety helmet use among motorcyclists in Kerala, India". Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2010): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5249/jivr.v2i1.26.

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Grzebieta, Raphael, Mike Bambach y Andrew McIntosh. "Motorcyclist Impacts into Roadside Barriers". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2377, n.º 1 (enero de 2013): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2377-09.

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This paper reports on a study that reviewed the European Standard EN 1317-8 for motorists crashing into barriers and the relevance to Australian motorcycle fatalities. The data collection and analysis of 78 Australian motorcyclist-into-barrier fatalities described here were used to justify the review. In Australia each year approximately 15 motorcyclists die from striking a road safety barrier. A retrospective analysis of the fatalities during 2001 to 2006 (n = 78) was carried out. Consistent with European findings, approximately half the motorcyclists were in the upright posture when they struck the barrier, whereas half slid into the barrier. The mean precrash speed was 100.8 km/h, and the mean impact angle was 15.48. The areas of the body that were injured were similar across different barrier types (concrete, wire rope, and W-beam) and crash postures. The thorax area had the highest incidence of injury and maximum injury in fatal motorcycle crashes into barriers; the head area had the second-highest incidence of injury. Moreover, thorax and pelvis injuries had a greater association with sliding crashes than with those in the upright posture. The existing European Standard EN 1317-8 addresses only the sliding mechanism, uses a head injury criterion, and does not specify any thorax injury criterion. It was proposed that a thorax injury criterion and an additional test should be introduced with the rider in the upright position when striking the barrier and then sliding along the top of the barrier.

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Brown, Joshua B., Paul E. Bankey, John T. Gorczyca, Julius D. Cheng, Nicole A. Stassen y Mark L. Gestring. "The Aging Road Warrior: National Trend toward Older Riders Impacts Outcome after Motorcycle Injury". American Surgeon 76, n.º 3 (marzo de 2010): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481007600308.

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Industry statistics suggest that motorcycle owners in the United States are getting older. Our objective was to analyze the effect of this demographic shift on injuries and outcomes after a motorcycle crash. Injured motorcyclists aged 17 to 89 years in the National Trauma Databank were reviewed from 1996 to 2005. Age trends and injury patterns were assessed over time. Injury Severity Score (ISS), length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) use, comorbidities, complications, mortality, injury patterns, helmet use, and alcohol use were compared for subjects 40 and older versus those younger than 40 years old. There were 61,689 subjects included. Over the study period, the mean age increased from 33.9 to 39.1 years ( P < 0.01), and the proportion of subjects 40 years of age or older increased from 27.9 to 48.3 per cent. ISS, LOS, ICU LOS, and mortality were higher in the 40 years of age or older group ( P ≤ 0.01). The rates of admission to the ICU (32.3 vs. 27.3%), pre-existing comorbidities (20 vs. 9.7%), and complications (7.6 vs. 5.5%) were all higher in the 40 years of age and older group ( P < 0.01). The average age of the injured motorcyclist is increasing. Older riders’ injuries appear more serious, and their hospital course is more likely to be challenged by comorbidities and complications contributing to poorer outcomes. Motorcycle safety education and training initiatives should be expanded to specifically target older motorcyclists.

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Billheimer, John W. "Evaluation of California Motorcyclist Safety Program". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1640, n.º 1 (enero de 1998): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1640-13.

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The California Motorcyclist Safety Program (CMSP) is a legislatively mandated, statewide program that has trained more than 100,000 motorcyclists in the 10 years since its implementation in July 1987. The program is mandatory for riders under 21 seeking a California motorcycle license. The current evaluation traces motorcycle accident trends before and after the formation of the CMSP, compares accident trends in California with those in the remainder of the United States, and analyzes the riding records of matched pairs of 2,351 trained and untrained Southern California riders. Analyses of statewide accident trends indicate that fatal motorcycle accidents have dropped 69 percent since the introduction of the CMSP, falling from 840 fatal accidents per year in 1986 to 263 in 1995. If accident trends in California had paralleled those in the rest of the United States over this period, the state would have experienced an additional 124 fatalities per year. In the case of novice riders with less than 805 km (500 mi) of prior experience, a matched-pair analysis indicates that trained riders experience fewer than half the accident rates of their untrained counterparts for at least 6 months after training. Beyond 6 months, riding experience begins to have a leveling effect on the differences between the two groups. In the case of riders with more than 805 km (500 mi) of experience prior to training or interviewing, no significant differences in accident rates were detected between the two groups, either before or after riders took the basic training course. There was no evidence that riders electing to enter a safety course voluntarily rode any more safely than their untrained counterparts before taking training.

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Wang, Xinghua, Yong Peng y Shengen Yi. "Comparative analyses of bicyclists and motorcyclists in vehicle collisions focusing on head impact responses". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 231, n.º 11 (11 de septiembre de 2017): 997–1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411917723674.

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To investigate the differences of the head impact responses between bicyclists and motorcyclists in vehicle collisions. A series of vehicle–bicycle and vehicle–motorcycle lateral impact simulations on four vehicle types at seven vehicle speeds (30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 km/h) and three two-wheeler moving speeds (5, 7.5 and 10 km/h for bicycle, 10, 12.5 and 15 km/h for motorcycle) were established based on PC-Crash software. To further comprehensively explore the differences, additional impact scenes with other initial conditions, such as impact angle (0, π/3, 2π/3 and π) and impact position (left, middle and right part of vehicle front-end), also were supplemented. And then, extensive comparisons were accomplished with regard to average head peak linear acceleration, average head impact speed, average head peak angular acceleration, average head peak angular speed and head injury severity. The results showed there were prominent differences of kinematics and body postures for bicyclists and motorcyclists even under same impact conditions. The variations of bicyclist head impact responses with the changing of impact conditions were a far cry from that of motorcyclists. The average head peak linear acceleration, average head impact speed and average head peak angular acceleration values were higher for motorcyclists than for bicyclists in most cases, while the bicyclists received greater average head peak angular speed values. And the head injuries of motorcyclists worsened faster with increased vehicle speed. The results may provide even deeper understanding of two-wheeler safety and contribute to improve the public health affected by road traffic accidents.

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Abdulwahid, Sarah Najm, Moamin A. Mahmoud, Bilal Bahaa Zaidan, Abdullah Hussein Alamoodi, Salem Garfan, Mohammed Talal y Aws Alaa Zaidan. "A Comprehensive Review on the Behaviour of Motorcyclists: Motivations, Issues, Challenges, Substantial Analysis and Recommendations". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 6 (17 de marzo de 2022): 3552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063552.

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With the continuous emergence of new technologies and the adaptation of smart systems in transportation, motorcyclist driving behaviour plays an important role in the transition towards intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Studying motorcyclist driving behaviour requires accurate models with accurate and complete datasets for better road safety and traffic management. As accuracy is needed in modelling, motorcyclist driving behaviour analyses can be performed using sensors that collect driving behaviour characteristics during real-time experiments. This review article systematically investigates the literature on motorcyclist driving behaviour to present many findings related to the issues, problems, challenges, and research gaps that have existed over the last 10 years (2011–2021). A number of digital databases (i.e., IEEE Xplore®, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched and explored to collect reliable peer-reviewed articles. Out of the 2214 collected articles, only 174 articles formed the final set of articles used in the analysis of the motorcyclist research area. The filtration process consisted of two stages that were implemented on the collected articles. Inclusion criteria were the core of the first stage of the filtration process keeping articles only if they were a study or review written in English or were articles that mainly incorporated the driving style of motorcyclists. The second phase of the filtration process is based on more rules for article inclusion. The criteria of inclusion for the second phase of filtration examined the deployment of motorcyclist driver behaviour characterisation procedures using a real-time-based data acquisition system (DAS) or a questionnaire. The final number of articles was divided into three main groups: reviews (7/174), experimental studies (41/174), and social studies-based articles (126/174). This taxonomy of the literature was developed to group the literature into articles with similar types of experimental conditions. Recommendation topics are also presented to enable and enhance the pace of the development in this research area. Research gaps are presented by implementing a substantial analysis of the previously proposed methodologies. The analysis mainly identified the gaps in the development of data acquisition systems, model accuracy, and data types incorporated in the proposed models. Finally, research directions towards ITS are provided by exploring key topics necessary in the advancement of this research area.

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Avendaño Serna, Sara, Dorancy González Rúa, Yaromir Muñoz y María Claudia Mejía-Gil. "Imaginario social de seguridad en compra y uso del casco para motociclistas". Suma de Negocios 11, n.º 24 (20 de enero de 2020): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14349/sumneg/2020.v11.n24.a4.

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Sitthiracha, S. y S. Koetniyom. "Safe Following Distances for Motorcycle to Prevent Rear-end Collision". Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia 4, n.º 2 (1 de mayo de 2020): 180–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v4i2.38.

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Rear-end collision is one of the top accidents for the motorcycle in ASEAN countries because the motorcyclists always keep their following distances too short. There are no specific safe distances suggested for motorcycle especially in an emergency braking situation. This study proposed a model based on the piecewise linear model of motorcycle braking deceleration profile and kinematic equations for calculating the stopping distances in a worst-case scenario. The calculated results were compared to the braking experiment and test results from other studies. The information from this study can be useful to relevant authorities such as driving institutes and enforcement agencies in order to setup a safety measure for the motorcyclists.

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Prasetyawan, P., S. Samsugi, A. Mulyanto, M. Iqbal, R. Prabowo y Ardiansyah. "A prototype of IoT-based smart system to support motorcyclists safety". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1810, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2021): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1810/1/012005.

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Shinar, David. "Safety and mobility of vulnerable road users: Pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorcyclists". Accident Analysis & Prevention 44, n.º 1 (enero de 2012): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.12.031.

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Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Fereshteh Zamani-Alavijeh, Parvin Shahri, Rezvan Yazdani y Amir Shafiee. "Examining motorcyclists' postcrash impressions: A qualitative study". Traffic Injury Prevention 17, n.º 8 (10 de septiembre de 2016): 848–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2016.1141201.

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Porras Cataño, Sandra Milena y Hugo Grisales-Romero. "Loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in the city of Medellin, 2012 to 2015". PLOS ONE 16, n.º 8 (27 de agosto de 2021): e0256758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256758.

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Objective Determine the loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in the city of Medellin from 2012 to 2015. Methods Descriptive study with data on health care of injured motorcyclists and deaths adjusted with the Preston and Coale method, and OPS proportional distribution for the period 2012–2015. The years of life lost due to premature death (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were calculated according to the new methodology designed for that purpose. Results The loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in the four-year period was 80,046 DALYs (823.8 per 100,000 inhabitants), with a higher proportion in men (81.3% and a ratio of 5 to 1 compared to women); the YLDs was 66.6% with marked differences in favor of men. There was nearly a 38% difference in the ages of 15 to 19 as well as a 19% difference from 30 to 49, compared to women. Premature death (YLLs) contributed to 33.4% of DALYs, with significant presentation in the above-mentioned age groups. Conclusions The greatest loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in Medellin was due to non-fatal injuries and was concentrated in young men. If the trend of motorcycle road incidents continues, both local and national road safety plans will fail to accomplish the expected results, especially among motorcycle users.

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