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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Montée en charge"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 7 de septiembre de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Montée en charge"

Mikou, Myriam, Julie Solard y Romain Roussel. "La montée en charge des risques sociaux depuis 1945". Vie sociale 10, n.º 2 (2015): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/vsoc.152.0109.

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Mahieu, Ronan. "La PAJE après 18 mois de montée en charge". Recherches et Prévisions 82, n.º 1 (2005): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/caf.2005.2185.

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Donné, Stéphane. "La montée en charge du revenu de solidarité active". Politiques sociales et familiales 104, n.º 1 (2011): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/caf.2011.2600.

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Amougou, Gérard. "Le sujet individuel comme un nouvel objet de la discipline sociologique ?" Cahiers de recherche sociologique, n.º 59-60 (15 de junio de 2016): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1036785ar.

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Avec l’avènement de la globalisation, l’hégémon du courant sociétal de la sociologie classique serait en net recul au profit de la montée de l’individualité. Cette dernière occuperait désormais une centralité analytique au sein des sociologies de la postmodernité. Cet article se propose de retracer cette émergence processuelle du sujet individuel au sein de la discipline sociologique, avant de relever quelques défis qui l’interpellent dans sa quête actuelle de la société-advenir. Au coeur de cette lente montée de la subjectivité, les nouvelles sociologies de l’individu semblent porter la charge de dresser les contours théoriques et conceptuelles de la nouvelle configuration complexe des sociétés humaines qui, pour beaucoup, restent à écrire. Il en va également du devenir épistémologique de cette approche originale des nouveaux processus sociaux.

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Torre-Schaub, Marta. "L’affirmation d’une justice climatique au prétoire (quelques propos sur le jugement de la Cour du district de La Haye du 24 juin 2015)". Note et commentaire 29, n.º 1 (30 de abril de 2018): 161–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1045114ar.

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La contribution de la société civile à la cause climatique et la mobilisation du droit à faveur de cette cause émergent nettement lorsque le cadre institutionnel et la capacité de l’État à prendre en charge le problème climatique s’avèrent bouleversés ou insuffisants. À cela s’ajoute l’inexistence de règles de responsabilité fermes et précises, suffisamment punitives. Dans ce contexte, la notion de justice climatique est très mobilisée. Mais elle n’est pas suffisamment bien définie et donc peu opérationnelle. Parallèlement, on observe la montée d’un contentieux climatique, qui semble être le volet « justiciabilité » de la justice climatique, dans lequel la société civile se saisit du droit et le mobilise devant des institutions judiciaires.

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Prezioso, Stéfanie. "Les deux âmes du Républicanisme (1911-1919) : de l’usage du Parlement pour un parti d’action". Parlement[s], Revue d'histoire politique N° HS 13, n.º 3 (29 de enero de 2019): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/parl2.hs13.0095.

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Les deux âmes du républicanisme se confondent au début du xx e siècle avec ce que l’historien italien Santi Fedele nommait une crise d’identité entre une « âme révolutionnaire » et une « âme patriotique », bien résumée par les deux formules : « d’abord Italiens, puis républicains » versus « d’abord républicain, puis Italiens ». C’est en particulier au cours des conflits armés menés par la monarchie (en Libye d’abord puis au cours de la Première Guerre mondiale) que la déchirure entre un républicanisme par en haut porté principalement par le groupe parlementaire du Parti républicain et le républicanisme de la base atteint une acuité particulière. La montée du fascisme se charge de clarifier les lignes.

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Chauvière, Bernard. "Durée exacte de montée en charge des systèmes temps-réel par une politique à priorités fixes. Périodiques ordonnancés en multiprocesseur". Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 42, n.º 9 (19 de noviembre de 2008): 1161–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/jesa.42.1161-1190.

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Lhuilier, Dominique. "L’invisibilité du travail réel et l’opacité des liens santé-travail". Sciences sociales et santé 28, n.º 2 (2010): 31–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/sosan.2010.1962.

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L’analyse des conditions de la visibilité sociale de la santé au travail a conduit à recenser, dans différents champs disciplinaires, les «masques » qui brouillent la perception des liens entre santé et travail. Au-delà de leur rappel, nous étudierons ici comment l’invisibilité croissante du travail réel alimente le déni des origines et des processus de la pénibilité et des risques du travail. Aux classiques difficultés d’accès à la connaissance de l’activité s’ajoutent aujourd’hui de nouvelles conditions de construction de cette occultation du travail. Dans ce contexte apparaissent à la fois une montée des préoccupations relatives à la santé psychique au travail et de nouveaux professionnels, experts en santé-travail, en charge de prévention ou réparation. L’analyse proposée interrogera leur contribution à la méconnaissance du travail et les conditions d’un ré-ancrage du lien santé-travail dans l’analyse partagée des activités réelles et de leur transformation.

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Thomé, Cécile. "Après la pilule. Le choix contraceptif des jeunes femmes à l’épreuve du rejet des hormones". Santé Publique 36, n.º 1 (5 de abril de 2024): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/spub.241.0087.

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Introduction : Si la pilule demeure, en France, le moyen de contraception le plus utilisé par les jeunes femmes, on remarque depuis les années 2000 une diminution de cette utilisation et un questionnement quant à sa centralité dans la norme contraceptive. Ces remises en cause s’inscrivent dans une montée de ce que l’on peut qualifier de climat de défiance envers les méthodes hormonales. But de l’étude : À partir de l’analyse d’un corpus de 21 entretiens portant sur le choix en matière de contraception menés auprès de femmes ayant entre 20 et 28 ans, cet article vise à renseigner les modalités d’expression du rejet des hormones et à déterminer ses effets concrets sur leur choix contraceptif. Résultats : L’enquête montre la prévalence parmi les jeunes femmes interrogées d’une méfiance à l’égard des hormones, qui s’ancre rarement dans leur expérience contraceptive mais semble, à l’exception de certains cas, plus diffuse. Elle est surtout mobilisée par les femmes lorsqu’il s’agit de justifier l’arrêt de la pilule, dont la prise en charge matérielle devient de plus en plus pesante pour elles au fil des années. Finalement, les femmes qui rejettent l’utilisation des hormones continuent très majoritairement à utiliser une contraception médicalisée, y compris une contraception hormonale, à partir du moment où son usage est jugé plus facile que celui de la pilule. Conclusions : En remettant en cause la contraception hormonale, et plus précisément la pilule, c’est surtout le manque de choix que dénoncent les jeunes femmes : il ne s’agit pas de revendiquer moins de contraception, mais une contraception plus adaptée à leurs besoins .

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Caminiti, Lanfranco, Chicco Galmozzi y Brunello Mantelli. "L’Europe ou rien". Multitudes 93, n.º 4 (14 de diciembre de 2023): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/mult.093.0138.

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L’invasion de l’Ukraine est la tentative de la Russie de fermer militairement sous un talon de fer le processus politique qui a commencé avec la chute du mur de Berlin et le rapprochement progressif de l’Est vers l’Ouest, après la longue « césure » de la seconde moitié du XX e siècle. Le destin de l’Europe se joue donc en Ukraine. Il n’est donc ni fortuit ni étrange que ceux qui n’ont jamais cru à un processus de construction et de refondation de l’Europe aient pris parti, tant à droite que dans la gauche radicale contre l’Ukraine. L’Ukraine est un « prétexte », tout comme elle l’est pour Poutine – la grande cible, c’est l’Europe. La question politique posée par la guerre en Ukraine est celle de l’Europe. Une Europe qui est aujourd’hui faible, fragile, indécise. Seule la montée en puissance de nouveaux mouvements de justice sociale peut prendre en charge la construction d’un espace européen. Tel est le « défi politique » que pose la guerre en Ukraine – la « troisième voie » entre la guerre et la paix. Transformer la guerre en acte fondateur de la Fédération européenne.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Montée en charge"

Cresson, Romain. "Etude du démarrage de procédés intensifs de méthanisation : impact des conditions hydrodynamiques et de la stratégie de montée en charge sur la formation et l’activité du biofilm". Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20213.

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Moctar, m'baba Leyla. "Combining Blockchain and IoT for business processes deployment and mining". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAS010.

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Blockchain, initialement utilisé en 2009 pour les transactions de cryptomonnaie, a rapidement évolué au-delà des applications financières. La communauté BPM a reconnu son potentiel pour améliorer la gestion des processus métier (BPM) et favoriser les collaborations inter-organisationnelles. Malgré des recherches approfondies sur l'exécution des processus d'affaires basés sur la blockchain, l'exploration de données de la blockchain pour le process mining a récemment commencé à être explorée. Les études actuelles se concentrent principalement sur les processus centrés sur les activités, négligeant souvent les processus centrés sur les artefacts prévalents dans les applications blockchain. Les formats de journalisation traditionnels comme XES, bien que couramment utilisés, rencontrent des défis tels que la perte d'information et la dénormalisation lorsqu'ils sont appliqués à des données centrées sur les artefacts. L'introduction d'OCEL a partiellement abordé ces problèmes en permettant le stockage de données d'événements centrées sur les objets, mais il manque de prise en charge pour l'évolution et les relations des objets.Cette thèse relève ces défis en proposant ACEL, une extension d'OCEL qui prend en charge de manière complète le stockage des données d'événements centrées sur les artefacts. Nous présentons une méthode centrée sur les artefacts pour recueillir des données d'événements d'applications blockchain, les convertissant en logs ACEL. La viabilité de l'approche est évaluée en utilisant les applications Ethereum Cryptokitties et Augur. Nous comparons d'abord les capacités de process mining d'ACEL avec OCEL, puis introduisons une méthode de découverte utilisant le clustering hiérarchique et l'analyse du gain d'information pour dériver des modèles GSM, la norme pour les processus centrés sur les artefacts. Notre évaluation sur Cryptokitties confirme la faisabilité de cette approche et met en évidence les avantages d'ACEL dans le process mining centré sur les artefacts
Blockchain, first utilized in 2009 for cryptocurrency transactions, quickly evolved beyond financial applications. The BPM community recognized its potential for enhancing business process management (BPM) and fostering inter-organizational collaborations. Despite extensive research on blockchain-based business process execution, process mining from blockchain data has recently begun to be explored. Current studies mainly focus on activity-centric processes, often overlooking artifact-centric processes prevalent in blockchain applications. Traditional logging formats like XES, while commonly used, face challenges like information loss and denormalization when applied to artifact-centric data. The introduction of OCEL partially addressed these issues by enabling the storage of object-centric event data, but it lacks support for object evolution and relations.This thesis addresses these challenges by proposing ACEL, an extension of OCEL that comprehensively supports artifact-centric event data storage. We present an artifact-centric method to gather event data from blockchain applications, converting them into ACEL logs. The approach's viability is assessed using Cryptokitties and Augur Ethereum applications. We initially compare ACEL's process mining capabilities with OCEL, and then introduce a discovery method using hierarchical clustering and information gain analysis to derive GSM models, the standard for artifact-centric processes. Our evaluation on Cryptokitties confirms the feasibility of this approach and highlights the advantages of ACEL in artifact-centric process mining

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Aung, Pyie Phyo. "Monte Carlo Simulations of charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1418272111.

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Jakobsson, Mattias. "Monte Carlo Studies of Charge Transport Below the Mobility Edge". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Beräkningsfysik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-74322.

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Charge transport below the mobility edge, where the charge carriers are hopping between localized electronic states, is the dominant charge transport mechanism in a wide range of disordered materials. This type of incoherent charge transport is fundamentally different from the coherent charge transport in ordered crystalline materials. With the advent of organic electronics, where small organic molecules or polymers replace traditional inorganic semiconductors, the interest for this type of hopping charge transport has increased greatly. The work documented in this thesis has been dedicated to the understanding of this charge transport below the mobility edge. While analytical solutions exist for the transport coefficients in several simplified models of hopping charge transport, no analytical solutions yet exist that can describe these coefficients in most real systems. Due to this, Monte Carlo simulations, sometimes described as ideal experiments performed by computers, have been extensively used in this work. A particularly interesting organic system is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Besides its overwhelming biological importance, DNA’s recognition and self-assembly properties have made it an interesting candidate as a molecular wire in the field of molecular electronics. In this work, it is shown that incoherent hopping and the Nobel prize-awarded Marcus theory can be used to describe the results of experimental studies on DNA. Furthermore, using this experimentally verified model, predictions of the bottlenecks in DNA conduction are made. The second part of this work concerns charge transport in conjugated polymers, the flagship of organic materials with respect to processability. It is shown that polaronic effects, accounted for by Marcus theory but not by the more commonly used Miller-Abrahams theory, can be very important for the charge transport process. A significant step is also taken in the modeling of the off-diagonal disorder in organic systems. By taking the geometry of the system from large-scale molecular dynamics simulations and calculating the electronic transfer integrals using Mulliken theory, the off-diagonal disorder is for the first time modeled directly from theory without the need for an assumed parametric random distribution.

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Krapohl, David. "Monte Carlo and Charge Transport Simulation of Pixel Detector Systems". Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-24763.

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This thesis is about simulation of semiconductor X-ray and particledetectors. The simulation of a novel coating for solid state neutrondetectors is discussed as well as the implementation of a simulationframework for hybrid pixel detectors.Today’s most common thermal neutron detectors are proportionalcounters, that use 3He gas in large tubes or multi wire arrays. Globalnuclear disarmament and the increase in use for homeland securityapplications has created a shortage of the gas which poses a problemfor neutron spallation sources that require higher resolution and largersensors. In this thesis a novel material and clean room compatible pro-cess for neutron conversion are discussed. Simulations and fabricationhave been executed and analysed in measurements. It has been proventhat such a device can be fabricated and detect thermal neutrons.Spectral imaging hybrid pixel detectors like the Medipix chipare the most advanced imaging systems currently available. Thesechips are highly sophisticated with several hundreds of transistors perpixel to enable features like multiple thresholds for noise free photoncounting measurements, spectral imaging as well as time of arrivalmeasurements. To analyse and understand the behaviour of differentsensor materials bonded to the chip and to improve development offuture generations of the chip simulations are necessary. Generally, allparts of the detector system are simulated independently. However, itis favourable to have a simulation framework that is able to combineMonte Carlo particle transport, charge transport in the sensor as wellas analogue and digital response of the pixel read-out electronics. Thisthesis aims to develop such a system that has been developed withGeant4 and analytical semiconductor and electronics models. Further-more, it has been verified with data from measurements with severalMedipix and Timepix sensors as well as TCAD simulations.Results show that such a framework is feasible even for imagingsimulations. It shows great promise to be able to be extended withfuture pixel detector designs and semiconductor materials as well asneutron converters to aim for next generation imaging devices.

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Coco, Marco. "Monte Carlo study of charge and phonon transport in graphene". Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/3811.

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In this thesis, we investigate charge transport in graphene. Graphene is one of the most important new materials with a wide range of properties, rarely together in the same material, and it is the ideal candidate for future electronic devices. The dynamics of electrons in the conduction band is analyzed, by considering values of Fermi levels high enough to neglect the dynamics in the valence band. This is equivalent to a n-type doping for traditional semiconductors. Degeneracy effects are very important in graphene and then it becomes mandatory to consistently include the Pauli exclusion principle. We develop a new Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) procedure to solve the Boltzmann transport equation, that properly takes into account the Pauli principle. For a cross-validation of the results, we also solve the Boltzmann equation in a deterministic way by using the Discontinuous Galerkin method. The agreement of the results is excellent. A comparison of the new DSMC results with those obtained by means of well established hydrodynamical models are presented as well, and again the agreement is very good. This new approach is applied to study the transport properties in suspended monolayer graphene and then in a layer of graphene on different substrates, obtaining the expected results as the degradation of mobilities. Regarding phonon transport, we investigate the thermal effects in a suspended monolayer graphene due to the charge flow under an applied electric field. A complete model is considered, with all the phonon branches, both in-plane and out of plane ones. Moreover, we describe the phonon populations without any approximation of the distribution with an equivalent Bose-Einstein one. The distribution is built by means of the intermediate results arising from the new DSMC, by counting the number of the emission and absorption processes due to the interaction between electrons and phonons. The phonon-phonon interaction is treated in a standard way with a BGK approximation. We are able to determine the increase of the temperature due to the charge flow and to predict its raise for any values of electric fields and Fermi energies. Moreover, it is shown that the inclusion of a complete phonon model leads to a lower heating effect with respect to other simplified models.

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Torfeh, Eva. "Monte Carlo microdosimetry of charged-particle microbeam irradiations". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0159/document.

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L’interaction des particules chargées avec la matière conduit à un dépôt d’énergie très localisé dans des traces de dimensions sub-micrométriques. Cette propriété unique rend ce type de rayonnement ionisant particulièrement intéressant pour disséquer les mécanismes moléculaires radio-induits suite à l’échelle de la cellule. L’utilisation de microfaisceaux de particules chargées offre en outre la capacité d’irradier sélectivement à l’échelle du micromètre avec une dose contrôlée jusqu’à la particule unique. Mon travail a porté sur des irradiations réalisées avec le microfaisceau de particules chargées de la plateforme AIFIRA (Applications Interdisciplinaires des Faisceaux d’Ions en Région Aquitaine) du CENBG. Ce microfaisceau délivre des protons et particules alpha et est dédié aux irradiations ciblées in vitro (cellules humains) et in vivo (C. elegans).En complément de l’intérêt qu’elles présentent pour des études expérimentales, les dépôts d’énergie et les interactions des particules chargées avec la matière peuvent être modélisés précisément tout au long de leur trajectoire en utilisant des codes de structures de traces basés sur des méthodes Monte Carlo. Ces outils de simulation permettent une caractérisation précise de la micro-dosimétrie des irradiations allant de la description détaillée des interactions physiques à l’échelle nanométrique jusqu’à la prédiction du nombre de dommages à l’ADN et leurs distributions dans l’espace.Au cours de ma thèse, j’ai développée des modèles micro-dosimétriques basés sur l’outil de modélisation Geant4-DNA dans deux cas. Le premier concerne la simulation de la distribution d’énergie déposée dans un noyau cellulaire et le calcul du nombre des différents types de dommages ADN (simple et double brin) aux échelles nanométrique et micrométrique, pour différents types et nombres de particules délivrées. Ces résultats sont confrontés à la mesure expérimentale de la cinétique de protéines de réparation de l’ADN marquées par GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) dans des cellules humaines. Le second concerne la dosimétrie de l’irradiation d’un organisme multicellulaire dans le cadre d’études de l’instabilité génétique dans un organisme vivant au cours du développement (C. elegans). J’ai simulé la distribution de l’énergie déposée dans différents compartiments d’un modèle réaliste en 3D d’un embryon de C. elegans suite à des irradiations par protons. Enfin, et en parallèle de ces deux études, j’ai développé un protocole pour caractériser le microfaisceau d'AIFIRA à l’aide de détecteurs de traces fluorescent (FNTD) pour des irradiations par protons et par particules alpha. Ce type de détecteur permet en effet de visualiser les trajectoires des particules incidentes avec une résolution de l’ordre de 200 nm et d’examiner la qualité des irradiations cellulaires réalisées par le microfaisceau
The interaction of charged particles with matter leads to a very localized energy deposits in sub-micrometric tracks. This unique property makes this type of ionizing radiation particularly interesting for deciphering the radiation-induced molecular mechanisms at the cell scale. Charged particle microbeams (CPMs) provide the ability to target a given cell compartment at the micrometer scale with a controlled dose down to single particle. My work focused on irradiations carried out with the CPM at the AIFIRA facility in the CENBG (Applications Interdisciplinaires des Faisceaux d’Ions en Région Aquitaine). This microbeam delivers protons and alpha particles and is dedicated to targeted irradiation in vitro (human cells) and in vivo (C. elegans).In addition to their interest for experimental studies, the energy deposits and the interactions of charged particles with matter can be modeled precisely along their trajectory using track structure codes based on Monte Carlo methods. These simulation tools allow a precise characterization of the micro-dosimetry of the irradations from the detailed description of the physical interactions at the nanoscale to the prediction of the number of DNA damage, their complexity and their distribution in space.During my thesis, I developed micro-dosimetric models based on the Geant4-DNA modeling toolkit in two cases. The first concerns the simulation of the energy distribution deposited in a cell nucleus and the calculation of the number of different types of DNA damage (single and double strand breaks) at the nanometric and micrometric scales, for different types and numbers of delivered particles. These simulations are compared with experimental measurements of the kinetics of GFP-labeled (Green Fluorescent Protein) DNA repair proteins in human cells. The second is the dosimetry of irradiation of a multicellular organism to study the genetic instability in a living organism during development (C. elegans). I simulated the distribution of the energy deposited in different compartments of a realistic 3D model of a C. elegans embryo following proton irradiations. Finally, and in parallel with these two studies, I developed a protocol to characterize the AIFIRA microbeam using fluorescent nuclear track detector (FNTD) for proton and alpha particle irradiations. This type of detector makes it possible to visualize in 3D the incident particle tracks with a resolution of about 200 nm and to examine the quality of the cellular irradiations carried out by the CPM

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Volpi, Riccardo. "Charge Transport Simulations for Organic Electronics : A Kinetic Monte Carlo Approach". Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Teoretisk kemi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-122991.

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In this thesis we focus on the modelling and simulation of organic electronic devices, investigating their structural and electronic properties. Organic devices have attracted great interest for their innovative properties, but their functioning still represent a theoretical and technological challenge. They are composed by one or more organic materials depending on the particular application. The morphology of organic devices in the single phase or at the interface is known to strongly determine mobility and efficiency of the devices. The structural disorder is studied through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Marcus formula is used to calculate the hopping rate of the charge carriers and the model developed is tested by simulations in a Kinetic Monte Carlo scheme. The dependence of the transfer integrals on the relative molecular orientation is achieved through a weighted Mulliken formula or through a dimer projection approach using the semi-empirical Hartree Fock method ZINDO. Electrostatic effects, have been included through atomic charges and atomic polarizabilities, calculated at the B3LYP level of theory. The inclusion of electrostatic effects has been shown (through simulations in 4PV and C60) to be crucial to obtain a good qualitative agreement with experiments, for both mobility field and temperature dependence in the single phase. In particular the external reorganization energy, calculated through the polarization of the environment, has been shown to have a great impact on the conduction, shifting the inverse Marcus region and helping CT state separation at the interface (between C60 and anthracene).

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Gonçalves, Thomas. "Contributions à la parallélisation de méthodes de type transport Monte-Carlo". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAM047/document.

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Les applications de transport de particules Monte-Carlo consistent à étudier le comportement de particules se déplaçant dans un domaine de simulation. La répartition des particules sur le domaine de simulation n'est pas uniforme et évolue dynamiquement au cours de la simulation. La parallélisation de ce type d'applications sur des architectures massivement parallèles amène à résoudre une problématique complexe de répartition de charges de calculs et de données sur un grand nombre de cœurs de calcul.Nous avons d'abord identifié les difficultés de parallélisation des applications de transport de particules Monte-Carlo à l'aide d'analyses théoriques et expérimentales des méthodes de parallélisation de référence. Une approche semi-dynamique reposant sur des techniques de partitionnement a ensuite été proposée. Enfin, nous avons défini une approche dynamique capable de redistribuer les charges de calcul et les données tout en maintenant un faible volume de communication. L'approche dynamique a obtenu des accélérations en extensibilité forte et une forte réduction de la consommation mémoire par rapport à une méthode de réplication de domaine parfaitement équilibrée
Monte Carlo particle transport applications consist in studying the behaviour of particles moving about a simulation domain. Particles distribution among simulation domains is not uniform and change dynamically during simulation. The parallelization of this kind of applications on massively parallel architectures leads to solve a complex issue of workloads and data balancing among numerous compute cores.We started by identifying parallelization pitfalls of Monte Carlo particle transport applications using theoretical and experimental analysis of reference parallelization methods. A semi-dynamic based on partitioning techniques has been proposed then. Finally, we defined a dynamic approach able to redistribute workloads and data keeping a low communication volume. The dynamic approach obtains speedups using strong scaling and a memory footprint reduction compared to the perfectly balanced domain replication method

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Hjelm, Mats. "Monte Carlo Simulations of Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Transport in Silicon Carbide". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3700.

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The importance of simulation is increasing in the researchon semiconductor devices and materials. Simulations are used toexplore the characteristics of novel devices as well asproperties of the semiconductor materials that are underinvestigation, i.e. generally materials where the knowledge isinsufficient. A wide range of simulation methods exists, andthe method used in each case is selected according to therequirements of the work performed. For simulations of newsemiconductor materials, extremely small devices, or deviceswhere non-equilibrium transport is important, the Monte Carlo(MC) method is advantageous, since it can directly exploit themodels of the important physical processes in the device.

One of the semiconductors that have attracted a lot ofattraction during the last decade is silicon carbide (SiC),which exists in a large number of polytypes, among which3C-SiC, 4H-SiC and 6H-SiC are most important. Although SiC hasbeen known for a very long time, it may be considered as a newmaterial due to the relatively small knowledge of the materialproperties. This dissertation is based on a number of MCstudies of both the intrinsic properties of different SiCpolytypes and the qualities of devices fabricated by thesepolytypes. In order to perform these studies a new full-bandensemble device MC simulator, the General Monte CarloSemiconductor (GEMS) simulator was developed. Algorithmsimplemented in the GEMS simulator, necessary when allmaterial-dependent data are numerical, and for the efficientsimulation of a large number of charge carriers in high-dopedareas, are also presented. In addition to the purely MC-relatedstudies, a comparison is made between the MC, drift-diffusion,and energy-balance methods for simulation of verticalMESFETs.

The bulk transport properties of electrons in 2H-, 3C-, 4H-and 6H-SiC are studied. For high electric fields the driftvelocity, and carrier mean energy are presented as functions ofthe field. For 4H-SiC impact-ionization coefficients,calculated with a detailed quantum-mechanical model ofband-to-band tunneling, are presented. Additionally, a study oflow-field mobility in 4H-SiC is presented, where the importanceof considering the neutral impurity scattering, also at roomtemperature, is pointed out.

The properties of 4H- and 6H-SiC when used in short-channelMOSFETs, assuming a high quality semiconductor-insulatorinterface, are investigated using a simple model for scatteringin the semiconductor-insulator interface. Furthermore, theeffect is studied on the low and high-field surface mobility,of the steps formed by the common off-axis-normal cutting ofthe 4H- and 6H-SiC crystals. In this study an extension of theprevious-mentioned simple model is used.

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Libros sobre el tema "Montée en charge"

Margat, Claude. Le monte-charge: Roman. Paris: Ecriture, 1992.

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Cirrone, Pablo y Giada Petringa. Monte Carlo in Heavy Charged Particle Therapy. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003023920.

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Koop, Gary. Forecasting and estimating multiple change-point models with an unknown number of change points. [New York, N.Y.]: Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 2004.

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Kovanen, M. A. Monte Carlo study of charged particle behaviour in tokamak plasmas. Lappeenranta: Lappeenranta University of Technology, 1992.

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He, Qiaozhi. Dian ti gu zhang yu pai chu. Beijing Shi: Ji xie gong ye chu ban she, 2002.

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Carlson, Cheryl. Charles M. Schulz. Mankato, Minn: Capstone Press, 2005.

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Amoroso, Cynthia. Charles Schulz. Mankato, Minn: The Child's World, 2010.

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B, Noyed Robert, ed. Charles Schulz. Mankato, Minn: The Child's World, 2010.

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Schulz, Charles M. Good grief, it?s your birthday!: Growing up without growing old. Naperville, Illinois: Sourcebooks, 2014.

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Schulz, Charles M. Cheer up, Charlie Brown!: Getting through life one laugh at a time. Naperville, Illinois: Sourcebooks, 2014.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Montée en charge"

Vassiliev, Oleg N. "Transport of Charged Particles". En Monte Carlo Methods for Radiation Transport, 141–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44141-2_5.

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Boccali, Tommaso, Carlo Mancini Terracciano y Alessandra Retico. "Machine learning for Monte Carlo simulations". En Monte Carlo in Heavy Charged Particle Therapy, 286–301. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003023920-19.

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Moreno-Marín, J. C. "Monte Carlo Simulations of Deposition Processes". En Interaction of Charged Particles with Solids and Surfaces, 667–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8026-9_41.

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Loucks, Daniel P. "Chance Constrained and Monte Carlo Modeling". En International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 177–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93986-1_14.

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AbstractConstraints of models that contain random variables may be applicable only some of the time. Constraints that apply only a specified fraction of the time are called chance constraints. This chapter illustrates how chance constraints can be included in optimization models. In addition, the chapter demonstrates how to generate values of random variables fitting user defined probability distributions. These random variable values often serve as inputs to stochastic simulation models.

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Triana, Lina y Esteban Liscano. "Monte Venus Plasty and Labia Majora Plasty". En Post-maternity Body Changes, 567–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43840-1_34.

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Agosteo, Stefano, Valeria Conte, Susanna Guatelli, Anatoly Rosenfeld, Giulio Magrin y Giada Petringa. "Monte Carlo and microdosimetry in particle radiotherapy". En Monte Carlo in Heavy Charged Particle Therapy, 120–34. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003023920-9.

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Plante, Ianik. "Monte Carlo for chemistry in radiation biology". En Monte Carlo in Heavy Charged Particle Therapy, 253–71. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003023920-17.

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Guatelli, Susanna, David Bolst y Eva Bezak. "Monte Carlo simulations for targeted alpha therapy". En Monte Carlo in Heavy Charged Particle Therapy, 215–27. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003023920-14.

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Harte, John. "Climate Interactions in Montane Meadow Ecosystems". En Advances in Global Change Research, 421–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3508-x_42.

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Bush, M. B., J. A. Hanselman y H. Hooghiemstra. "Andean montane forests and climate change". En Tropical Rainforest Responses to Climatic Change, 35–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05383-2_2.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Montée en charge"

Alekseev, N., A. Bolshakov, E. Mustafin y P. Zenkevich. "Numerical code for Monte-Carlo simulation of ion storage". En Space charge dominated beam physics for heavy ion fusion. AIP, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.59502.

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Sanpasertparnich, Teerawat, Adisorn Aroonwilas y Amornvadee Veawab. "Improved Thermal Efficiency of Coal-Fired Power Station: Monte Carlo Simulation". En 2006 IEEE EIC Climate Change Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eicccc.2006.277183.

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Kai, Tuomas, Markus Makkonen y Lauri Frank. "Demographic Differences in the Effectiveness of a Physical Activity Application to Promote Physical Activity: Study Among Aged People". En Digital Support from Crisis to Progressive Change. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-485-9.19.

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The global population is ageing and simultaneously the life expectancy at older ages is improving. To support healthy and active aging, it is imperative to find solutions to support physical activity (PA) in older age. Digital wellness technologies are a potential solution, but in order for such technologies to be successful, research is needed to gain a better understanding on their use and effectiveness among aged people. To address this need, this study investigated the effectiveness of a physical activity application to promote PA behavior among aged people of different demographics (gender, age, education, marital status). PA levels were measured before taking the application into use and after 12 months of use. The results suggest that a physical activity application can be effective in promoting PA behavior among aged people as there was a notable and a statistically significant increase in walking and total PA levels between baseline and 12-month follow-up. Regarding the demographic differences, there were very few differences in the changes in PA levels between different demographics, suggesting the effectiveness is not subject to the demographic background of the user.

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He, Xingxi y Donald J. Leo. "Monte-Carlo Simulation of Ion Transport at the Polymer-Metal Interface". En ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79765.

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The transport of charge due to electric stimulus is the primary mechanism of actuation for a class of polymeric active materials known as ionomeric polymer transducers. Continuum-based models of ion transport have been developed for the purpose of understanding charge transport due to diffusion and migration. In this work a two dimensional ion hopping model has been built to describe ion transport in ionomeric polymer transducer (IPT) with Monte-Carlo simulation. In the simulation, cations are distributed on 50nm × 50nm × 1nm (or 50nm × 10 nm × 1nm) lattice cells of IPT while the same number of negative charges are uniformly scattered and fixed as background. In the simulation, thermally activated cations are hopping between multiwell energy structures by overcoming energy barriers around with a hopping distance of 1nm during each time step. A step voltage is applied between the electrodes of the IPT. In one single simulation step, coulomb energy, external electric potential energy and intrinsic energy of the material are calculated and added up for the energy wells around the cations. And then hopping rates in every potential hopping direction are obtained. Due to the random nature of the ion transitions, a weighting function from Monte-Carlo algorithm is added in to calculate the ion hopping time. Finally hopping time is compared, the minimum hopping time is chosen and one hopping event is completed. Both system time and ions distribution are updated before the next simulation loop. Periodic boundary conditions are applied when ions hop in the direction perpendicular to the electric field. The influence of the electrodes on both faces of IPT is presented by the method of image charges. The charge density at equilibrium state is compared with the result from a continuum-based model. The property of charge density has charge neutrality over the central part of the membrane and the charge imbalance over boundary layers close to the anode and cathode. Electric field distribution is obtained after charge distribution. After it is demonstrated that ion hopping model leads to the results qualitatively matching the property of IPT, the paper uses the model to analyze the polymer-metal interface when the electrode shape inside transducer varies.

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Gallagher, Dennis J., Raymond Demara, Gary Emerson, Wayne W. Frame y Alan W. Delamere. "Monte Carlo model for describing charge transfer in irradiated CCDs". En Photonics West '98 Electronic Imaging, editado por Morley M. Blouke. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.304563.

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Ding, Yan, Sung-Chan Kim y Ashley E. Frey. "Probabilistic Shoreline Change Modeling Using Monte Carlo Method". En World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480625.004.

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Huang, Y. Z., H. M. Liu, W. J. Xiong, J. L. Hu, B. S. Cheng, D. H. Zhang, S. Jin et al. "Monte Carlo simulation of the Tau/charm Factory at IHEP". En The workshop on the tau/charm factory. AIP, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.49255.

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Engelking, Paul C. "Photoinduced evaporation of charged clusters". En OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.wg29.

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The clusters remaining after photoinduced evaporation of an initial cluster are predicted by a statistical model and compared with recent experiments on ( CO 2 ) n + clusters. The model includes a modification to an RRK/QET formalism, to satisfy detailed balance for ion molecule reactions. This gives a correct average kinetic energy release approximately twice that of uncorrected RRK/QET. Product cluster distributions observed in photodissociation experiments are predicted by a statistical Monte Carlo calculation.

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Rengel, Raul, Jose M. Iglesias, Elena Pascual y Maria J. Martin. "Monte Carlo modeling of mobility and microscopic charge transport in supported graphene". En 2015 10th Spanish Conference on Electron Devices (CDE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cde.2015.7087445.

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Novikov, Sergey V. y Anatoly V. Vannikov. "Monte Carlo simulation of charge carrier transport in locally ordered dipolar matrices". En Optical Science, Engineering and Instrumentation '97, editado por Stephen Ducharme y James W. Stasiak. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.290231.

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Informes sobre el tema "Montée en charge"

Campbell, Bryan y Michel Magnan. Vers la nouvelle bioéconomie: La biofabrication comme initiative stratégique de développement économique pour le Québec. CIRANO, septiembre de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/jqgh2110.

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Globalement, la bioéconomie peut être définie comme le domaine de l'économie basée sur les produits, services et processus dérivés des ressources biologiques. À cet égard, la biologie de synthèse réfère aux caractéristiques d’un domaine dérivé de la biologie qui s’est développé au cours des trente dernières années grâce aux progrès de la génétique appliquée et de la bio-ingénierie. Certains prédisent que l'économie future sera principalement une bioéconomie basée sur ces techniques émergentes, lesquelles sont cohérentes avec la décarbonisation de notre économie. Nous décrivons d’abord la réalité internationale de la « Révolution Bio » et tentons d’évaluer la position du Québec. Par la suite, nous présentons des politiques de soutien à la bioéconomie de diverses juridictions. Une étude de cas d’une entreprise de Montréal nous permet de mettre en évidence les problèmes auxquels elle a dû faire face pour attirer le capital financier nécessaire à sa croissance. Outre le financement, un autre enjeu critique dans le domaine est la montée en charge (scalability en anglais) des processus de transformation. Nous explorons davantage cet enjeu en agro-technologie, secteur à haut potentiel mais dont la réalisation comporte plusieurs défis socio-économiques. Cette analyse sert de toile de fond à nos recommandations qui portent sur l'élaboration d'une feuille de route pour le soutien gouvernemental à la biologie de synthèse.

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Hamilton E., Brady, Michelle Osterman J.K. y Martin Joyce A. Changes in Births, by Month: United States, 2021. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), julio de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:117899.

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D.O., Obiang-Mbomio y Perez-Terán A.S. Community forest and agroforestry for climate change adaptation and mitigation in the Monte Alén landscape. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/004648.

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Barreca, Alan, Olivier Deschenes y Melanie Guldi. Maybe Next Month? Temperature Shocks, Climate Change, and Dynamic Adjustments in Birth Rates. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, octubre de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21681.

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Hamilton, Brady, Michelle Osterman y Joyce Martin. Changes in Births by Month: United States, January 2019–June 2021. National Center for Health Statistics ( U.S.), marzo de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:113283.

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This report presents provisional 2021 and final 2020 and 2019 data on changes in the number of U.S. births by race and Hispanic origin of mother and by month of birth and state for January through June of 2020 and 2021.

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Dixon, J. Figure 11a. Isopach map of Montney Formation in map area 94A (Charlie Lake). Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/226382.

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Clausen, Jay, Michael Musty, Anna Wagner, Susan Frankenstein y Jason Dorvee. Modeling of a multi-month thermal IR study. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), julio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41060.

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Inconsistent and unacceptable probability of detection (PD) and false alarm rates (FAR) due to varying environmental conditions hamper buried object detection. A 4-month study evaluated the environmental parameters impacting standoff thermal infra-red(IR) detection of buried objects. Field observations were integrated into a model depicting the temporal and spatial thermal changes through a 1-week period utilizing a 15-minute time-step interval. The model illustrates the surface thermal observations obtained with a thermal IR camera contemporaneously with a 3-d presentation of subsurface soil temperatures obtained with 156 buried thermocouples. Precipitation events and subsequent soil moisture responses synchronized to the temperature data are also included in the model simulation. The simulation shows the temperature response of buried objects due to changes in incoming solar radiation, air/surface soil temperature changes, latent heat exchange between the objects and surrounding soil, and impacts due to precipitation/changes in soil moisture. Differences are noted between the thermal response of plastic and metal objects as well as depth of burial below the ground surface. Nearly identical environmental conditions on different days did not always elicit the same spatial thermal response.

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Martin A., Joyce y Michelle Osterman J.K. Changes in Prenatal Care Utilization: United States, 2019–2021. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), mayo de 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:125706.

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Moschetti, Roberta, Lars Gullbrekken y Joana Maia. Accelerated climate aging tests of structural insulated panels with waste-based core materials. Department of the Built Environment, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau541597546.

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One of the challenges of climate change in the building sector is related to the durability of materials, i.e., the resistance to degradation due to weathering over time. The durability of building components can be assessed through long-term natural outdoor climate exposure or appropriate accelerated climate aging in the laboratory. SINTEF Research Centre owns a climate simulator apparatus to perform aging tests according to the Nordtest method NT Build 495:2000. The aim of this article is to show the results from an accelerated climatic aging test performed on three different configurations of a structural insulated panel (SIP), which is characterized by waste-based core materials. The samples were tested for one month, corresponding to about one year of natural outdoor climate exposure. The results from the test performed in the climate simulator include information on the sample changes occurring during the analyzed period, together with the scale of such changes and the time of occurrence. Therefore, the test results are qualitative and based on the fact that a change in the performance properties of the samples corresponds to a change in their appearance during the test. This includes, for instance, signs of degradation, such as cracks, loss of gloss, or delamination.

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Lacerda Silva, P., G. R. Chalmers, A. M. M. Bustin y R. M. Bustin. Gas geochemistry and the origins of H2S in the Montney Formation. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329794.

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The geology of the Montney Formation and the geochemistry of its produced fluids, including nonhydrocarbon gases such as hydrogen sulfide were investigated for both Alberta and BC play areas. Key parameters for understanding a complex petroleum system like the Montney play include changes in thickness, depth of burial, mass balance calculations, timing and magnitudes of paleotemperature exposure, as well as kerogen concentration and types to determine the distribution of hydrocarbon composition, H2S concentrations and CO2 concentrations. Results show that there is first-, second- and third- order variations in the maturation patterns that impact the hydrocarbon composition. Isomer ratio calculations for butane and propane, in combination with excess methane estimation from produced fluids, are powerful tools to highlight effects of migration in the hydrocarbon distribution. The present-day distribution of hydrocarbons is a result of fluid mixing between hydrocarbons generated in-situ with shorter-chained hydrocarbons (i.e., methane) migrated from deeper, more mature areas proximal to the deformation front, along structural elements like the Fort St. John Graben, as well as through areas of lithology with higher permeability. The BC Montney play appears to have hydrocarbon composition that reflects a larger contribution from in-situ generation, while the Montney play in Alberta has a higher proportion of its hydrocarbon volumes from migrated hydrocarbons. Hydrogen sulphide is observed to be laterally discontinuous and found in discrete zones or pockets. The locations of higher concentrations of hydrogen sulphide do not align with the sulphate-rich facies of the Charlie Lake Formation but can be seen to underlie areas of higher sulphate ion concentrations in the formation water. There is some alignment between CO2 and H2S, particularly south of Dawson Creek; however, the cross-plot of CO2 and H2S illustrates some deviation away from any correlation and there must be other processes at play (i.e., decomposition of kerogen or carbonate dissolution). The sources of sulphur in the produced H2S were investigated through isotopic analyses coupled with scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and mineralogy by X-ray diffraction. The Montney Formation in BC can contain small discrete amounts of sulphur in the form of anhydrite as shown by XRD and SEM-EDX results. Sulphur isotopic analyses indicate that the most likely source of sulphur is from Triassic rocks, in particular, the Charlie Lake Formation, due to its close proximity, its high concentration of anhydrite (18-42%), and the evidence that dissolved sulphate ions migrated within the groundwater in fractures and transported anhydrite into the Halfway Formation and into the Montney Formation. The isotopic signature shows the sulphur isotopic ratio of the anhydrite in the Montney Formation is in the same range as the sulphur within the H2S gas and is a lighter ratio than what is found in Devonian anhydrite and H2S gas. This integrated study contributes to a better understanding of the hydrocarbon system for enhancing the efficiency of and optimizing the planning of drilling and production operations. Operators in BC should include mapping of the Charlie Lake evaporites and structural elements, three-dimensional seismic and sulphate ion concentrations in the connate water, when planning wells, in order to reduce the risk of encountering unexpected souring.

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