Tesis sobre el tema "Molécule asymétrique"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 29 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Molécule asymétrique".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Sittner, Assa. "Vers une étude de la division asymétrique des cellules à l'échelle de la molécule unique". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00815355.
Texto completoDevocelle, Marc. "Synthèse d'une molécule cible d'intérêt pharmaceutique : création des motifs chiraux par hydrogénation asymétrique de cétones et d'énamides". Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10041.
Texto completoNguyen, Thi Thuy Linh. "Analyse théorique et expérimentale du profil de raies spectrales pour le diagnostic optique d'espèces d'intérêt atmosphérique : de la molécule linéaire à la toupie asymétrique". Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA2029.
Texto completoThis work is devoted to the analysis of the spectral line profiles of some molecules of atmospheric interest, with the aim of application to the optical diagnostic of the Earth’s and planetary atmospheres. More precisely, our theoretical and experimental study concerns the collisional broadening of these lines at various temperatures. Fits of the experimental lineshapes of N2O (502 et 602 GHz) and HC15N (172 GHz) colliding with various perturbers show a failure of the Voigt profile model for the description of these lineshapes as well as for the extraction of the collisional broadening. Two others profile models, the model of Galatry and the Speed-dependent Voigt profile, describe correctly the lineshapes and give very close collisional linewidth values; the analysis of the corresponding narrowing parameters is however clearly more favourable for the later model. The theoretical part of this work is focused on the simulation of the collisional line broadening by the semi-classical Robert-Bonamy formalism with exact trajectories. For the systems of small molecules like N2O-N2(O2), this formalism appears to be very efficient whereas for a long active molecule C2H2 it leads to much less sufficient results. Additional tests realised for the probe systems C2H2-Ar and C2H2-He with an alternative method – the purely classical approach of Gordon show a very important role of the rototranslational coupling taking place during molecular collisions and allow to attribute the disagreement of the semi-classical results with experience to the non-taking into account of this coupling in the framework of semi-classical approaches. After the applications to systems of linear molecules, the semi-classical formalism of Robert and Bonamy with exact trajectory is generalized to the case of asymmetric tops and applied to the simulation of infrared absorption linebroadening coefficients of C2H4-N2 at room temperature. The good agreement of theoretical and experimental values allows to justify this generalized approach and to consider it as a powerful computational tool for so complex molecules as asymmetric tops
Cheikh, Monia. "Spectroscopie infrarouge à haute résolution et photodissociation à l'aide d'un laser à CO d'une molécule asymétrique : le chlorure de nitrosyle". Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112085.
Texto completoONCI est une toupie asymétrique §table en phase ga,euse. Son énergie de dissociation est relativement basse vers 1300 cm⁻ ᴵ ce qui permet d'envisager sa photodissociation rnultiphotonique ou par tranfert VV. Elle possède trois vibrations fondamentales v ₁ , v₂ et v ₃. V ₁ située à 1800 cm⁻ ᴵ et associée à la vibration NO, peut donner lieu à des coïncidences avec l'émission du laser à CO. V₂et et v ₃sont beaucoup plus basses à 596 et 332 cm⁻ ᴵ, ce qui donne une forte densité de niveaux à haute énergie vibrationnelle. L'irradiation de ONCI par le laser à CO utilisé en multiraies, la porte dans les états excités du mode v ₁. Le couplage éventuel entre les niveaux rotationnels des autres modes de combinaison peut conduire la dissociation de ONCI. L'étude par spectroscopie infrarouge à haute résolution de ONCI est nécessaire. En effet, l'étude de la bande v ₁ nous a permis de connaître les coincidences des raies d'absorption de ONCI avec celles émises par le laser à CO. Afin d'améliorer ces coincidences, on élargit les raies de ONCI par un "Puffer" : l'Argon. On a ausi interprété la bande v ₁ + v ₃ qui se prêterait à une excitation par le laser à co₂. Cette étude spectroscopique nous a permis de déterminer des constantes rotationnelles des états (100), (101) et (011). On a monté le dispositif expérimental nécessaire à l'expérience de photodissociation de ONCI. L'excitation infrarouge du mélange ONCI-Ar, par le laser à CO utilisé en multiraies conduît à la dissociation. Les produits sont analysés par spectroscopie d'absorption infrarouge à l'aide d'une diode laser. On a observé la croissance de l'absorption de NO
Lazib, Yanis. "Amination de liaisons C(sp³)–H catalysée par des complexes de rhodium(II) : applications à la synthèse d’hétérocycles azotés et d’une molécule naturelle la crambescin B281". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASF060.
Texto completoThis thesis is devoted to the development and application of C(sp³)-H amination reactions by rhodium(II) catalyzed nitrene transfer. The first part describes the application of C(sp³)-H amination reactions for the preparation of pyrrolidines based on the laboratory's expertise in the field of nitrene insertion reactions and on radical reactions of the Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag type. In this respect, an asymmetric intermolecular C-H amination reaction allowed us to install a nitrogen function in a regio- and stereoselective manner within hydrocarbons. This nitrogen has then enabled to drive a second C-H amination reaction via intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer [1,5]. This second fully regioselective step led to pyrrolidine units after cyclization. In the last part, a synthetic route to obtain a natural molecule, crambescin B281, was explored. This work is based on the use of two C(sp³)-H amination reactions catalyzed by rhodium(II) complexes. These two intramolecular amination steps have enabled the introduction of a nitrogen atom with high regio- and diastereoselectivity in order to lead to key intermediates in the synthesis of crambescin B281
Merkulova, Mariia. "Study of centrifugal and resonance effects in the asymmetric and spherical top molecules : C2D4, ClO2, CD4, SiF4". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCK078.
Texto completoThe work is devoted to obtaining new high-precision information by studying high-resolution spectra of molecules of the spherical and asymmetric top type, as well as developing new and improving existing methods for analyzing the spectra of molecules in non-singlet electronic states.The study of rotational and vibrational-rotational spectra of polyatomic molecules in the gas phase has long been of fundamental importance for determining the exact molecular geometry in various vibrational states, for obtaining information on the internal force field, vibrational-rotational interaction parameters, dipole moments, calculating thermodynamic functions and, in general, for obtaining information on the relationship between the structure and physical properties of the molecule.In this work, the analysis of the positions of vibrational-rotational spectra lines of combination bands of the SiF4, CD4, C2D4, ClO2 molecules and their isotopologues was performed for the first time. The inverse spectroscopic problem was solved for the studied bands. The obtained sets of spectroscopic parameters allow reproducing the values of excited energy levels with an accuracy not worse than the experimental one. Using the obtained spectroscopic parameters of the combination bands of the SiF4 molecule and the XTDS software package, the calculation of the line positions was performed for the first time and theoretical spectra of the "hot" bands of this molecule, up to the 14th polyad, were calculated. In addition, new high-precision spectra of the ground state of the SiH4 molecule were obtained and analyzed, and the analysis of the spectral line intensities was performed to improve the data on the dipole moment parameters
Buisson, Didier. "Étude de la réduction asymétrique de molécules dicarbonylées par voie microbiologique". Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112319.
Texto completoThe specifity of some micro-organisms (yeats' and fungi) in diketones and α-alkyl β-ketoesters reduction was studied, with the abject to find new methods for the preparation of optically active alcohols, used as asymmetric synthons. In this study we describe two approaches: -The use of model molecules, benzil for diketones, and ethyl 2-oxocyclohexane (and pentane) carboxylate for ketoesters. The results obtained for the microbiological reduction of such molecules was extrapolated to compounds of which may be used as asymmetric synthons. Alcohols with different configurations were prepared, some of them with high optical purities. The formation of a mixture of stereoisomers is significant of the presence of the several reduction enzymes with opposite stereo specificity. - The application of this method to the stereospecific reduction of a particular compound, 2, 2, 5, 5, -tetramethyl cyclohexane 1, 4-diketone, a key step in a proposed synthesis of an important intermediate in the production of deltamethrin. We discuss here the preparative interest of this method
Labani, Boujemaâ. "Elargissement collisionnel des raies de vibration-rotation de molécules toupies asymétriques : Application à H2O". Besançon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BESA2008.
Texto completoMonbrun, Jérôme. "Synthèse de 2-H-[1,4,2] Oxazaphosphinames : Développement en synthèse asymétrique de molécules phosphorées potentiellement actives". Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20145.
Texto completoColon, Aude. "L' adn : vers une catalyse asymétrique bio-inspirée & synthèse de molécules naturelles biologiquement actives". Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066027.
Texto completoFirst, we studied new chemical reactions which could be compatible with DNA. We synthesized new achiral diene ligands bearing an intercalating moiety and which could be used in rhodium or iridium catalyzed reactions in presence of DNA. A palladium-catalyzed carbonylation involving ex situ CO generation was developped to access norbornadiene derived ligands. These bi-functional diene ligands were evaluated in the iridium-catalyzed kinetic resolution of allyl acetates and in the rhodium-catalyzed 1,4-addition of boronic acids on enones. Unfortunately, no enantioselectivity was obtained when the reaction was performed with DNA. No enantioselectivity was also observed in the scandium catalyzed 1,4 addition of thiols on enones in the presence of DNA. Next, we studied the influence of the anchorage in DNA and we synthesized bi-functional ligands derived from Hoechst 33258, which is known to bind to the minor groove of DNA. These ligands were evaluated in the copper-catalyzed Friedel-Craft reaction and low but promising enantiomeric excess were obtained. Finally, we were able to synthesized several biologically active natural compounds. We developed two short and flexible approaches concerning the synthesis of bitungolide F. We also synthesized several natural compounds isolated from myxobacteria using a convergent and versatile approach involving a Stille coupling, a cross-metathesis and an enantioselective organocatalyzed hydride transfer
Özer, Mehmet Sabih. "3-perfluoroalkyl-[Beta]-alanines, lipo-perfluoroalkyl-peptidoamines, molécules amphiphiles complexantes". Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10129.
Texto completoJugelé, Romain. "Étude de la répartition asymétrique des molécules lytiques et métaboliques dans la division des lymphocytes T CD8+ humains". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30285.
Texto completoCellular responses' heterogeneity is a key feature of immune responses. It ensures the presence of cells endowed with distinct functions whose close collaboration allows efficient antigen recognition, activation of effector cells, pathogen elimination and the establishment of long-term immunity. Previous work in the Team of Dr. Valitutti, based on a "single cell" approach, revealed an additional level of heterogeneity within clonal effector CD8+ T lymphocytes. This work showed that CD8+ T lymphocytes, all genetically identical and specific for the same antigen, exhibit highly heterogeneous capability in target cell killing. Vasconcelos and al. also demonstrated that functional properties of an individual CD8+ T cell are not inherited by daughter cells upon cell division, on the contrary, expansion of a single cell leads to the generation of a clonal population endowed of a high functional heterogeneity. The aim of my PhD work was to better understand the phenomenon of functional heterogeneity of human CD8+ T cells and its possible functional link with cell division. To address this issue, we investigated whether asymmetric repartition of molecular components could occur during human CD8+ T cell division (both freshly isolated polyclonal cells and clonal CTL). To study protein distribution during cell division, we chose to focus on cells in telophase (the last stage of mitosis before daughter cell separation). Because telophase cells are extremely rare in the G2/M population, and exhibit low adhesion capacity, we developed an acquisition and analysis protocol using imaging flow cytometry (IsX, MERK), a technology combining the advantages of both flow cytometry (highly quantitative analysis of cell populations) and microscopy (detailed analysis of individual cells), to acquire highly quantitative results allowing the unambiguous determination of the protein levels inherited by each of the nascent-daughter cell in telophase. Our results show that CD107a+ intracellular vesicles (corresponding to T lymphocyte lysosomes and lytic granules) and lytic molecules (such as perforin and granzyme B) are unevenly segregated in telophase, thus generating at each divisions daughter cells equipped with different amounts of lytic potential. Imaging flow cytometry also shows the uneven repartition of mTOR and of its main substrate phospho-S6 ribosomal protein during division. These results together with our observation that mTORC1 function is instrumental to fuel sustained killing of outnumbering target cells, support our finding that CTL lytic potential is asymmetrically inherited during division. Three lines of evidences indicate that the observed uneven segregation of effector molecules in dividing human CD8+ T cells is not part of a classical mechanism of fate determining asymmetric cell division (ACD), such those described in embryogenesis. 1) In spite of effector molecules asymmetric distribution in telophase, we observed homogeneous partitioning of fate determining factors (such as the transcription factors T-bet and C-myc and the partitioning molecules PKC?;, PAR6 and Numb) during CD8+ T cell division. 2) The process of asymmetric repartitioning of effector molecule occurs at each division round and is not hereditary, e.g. a daughter cell originating from a heterogeneous division has a constant stationary probability to produce a new uneven division. 3) The observed asymmetric repartition of effector molecules does not require a polarity cue as described in classical ACD processes. Taken together our results reveal a novel mechanism of stochastic uneven molecular segregation in telophase of lytic molecules and signaling components that randomly generates heterogeneity within human CD8+ T cell populations and might contribute to the flexibility and robustness of adaptive immune responses
Castelot-Deliencourt, Géraldine. "Synthèse diastéréosélective de composés amidophosphorés : accès à des molécules biologiquement actives et à des ligands pour la catalyse asymétrique". Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES067.
Texto completoMyrgorodska, Iuliia. "Rupture de symétrie chirale : asymétrie et origine des molécules chirales impliquées dans l’évolution prébiotique". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR4057/document.
Texto completoSince the Pasteur’s discovery of chirality more than 150 years ago, the origin of homochirality remains to be an unresolved mystery, which is probably linked to the origin of life-itself. This puzzle was named by the journal Nature as one of the five biggest unresolved puzzles in modern science.Today there exist two ways to address the question of the origin of molecular homochirality. It implies either deterministic or chance scenario. The latest is based on the spontaneous resolution of enantiomers by phase transition, and in consequence, it cannot be tested. On the other hand, deterministic theories can be subjected to experimental confirmation, since if there was, in fact, a chiral influence that imposed its chirality this should in principle be reproducible.The presented manuscript is a synthesis of bibliographic research and experimental studies that focus on the interaction of CPL with chiral molecules which are put in the context of the origin of homochirality of life. This work is aiming to advance our understanding of chiroptical properties of chiral molecules as well as to determine chiral species susceptible to be present in cometary ice
Le, Roux Rémi. "Synthèse biomimétique de motifs polypropionates par hydrogénation asymétrique à l'aide de complexes chiraux du ruthénium. Application aux synthèses du Dolabélide A et du (+)-Discodermolide". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003946.
Texto completoWeck, Philippe F. R. "Ionisation (E,2E) à haute énergie d'incidence de systèmes diatomiques mono- et biélectriques en régime asymétrique coplanaire : Application de différentes déscriptions du continuum électronique à deux centres". Metz, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2001/Weck.Philippe.F.R.SMZ0102.pdf.
Texto completoBeing the most abundant element of universe, hydrogen plays an important rôle in various fields of contemporary physics and chemistry. Therefore, it seems judicious to study natural hydrogen, under its diatomic molecular shape, as well for its fondamental theoretical nature as for the numerous applications it can generate in the sector of industry. In our study, we have chosen the point of view of collisions physics and we have focused our effort on the process of single ionization of diatomic targets by fast electronic impact. In the first part of our study, we have evaluated the contribution of molecular vibrations to differential cross sections for ionization. As an example, we have calculated the triple differential cross section for molecular targets of hydrogen, deuterium and tritium for various energy resolutions. In the second part, we have established a simplified analytical expression of the wavefunction describing the electronic continuum of a two coulombic centers system, in order to describe the ejected electron during the ionization process. At last, after having constructed various theoretical models based on the description of the ejected electron, we have evaluated multiple differential cross section for this models. In particular, we have compared our theoretical results to experimental data obtained for the triple differential cross section
Gelis, Coralie. "Développement de réactions énantiosélectives organocatalysées pour la synthèse de molécules cycliques énantioenrichies". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS430.
Texto completoThe development of new enantioselective methodologies is essential for the synthesis of bioactive compounds. In this context, we were interested in using organocatalysts for the synthesis of enantioenriched cyclic molecules. In a first part will be describe chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed (3+2), (4+2) and (4+3) formal cycloadditions using enecarbamate or dienecarbamate. These catalysts are bifunctional and can interact with both cycloaddition partners leading to the synthesis of 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranes, carboannulated benzoquinones, cyclohepta[b]indoles and tetrahydroquinolines with high stereocontrol. In a second phase, we were interested in using chiral hypervalent iodine as organocatalyst. Theses compounds present interesting reactivity while being stable and not very toxic. Their use permits us to develop a lactonisation starting from flexible substrate and led to the synthesis of various heterocycles with good results
Roche, Christophe. "Approches synthétiques du (+)-discodermolide et du dolabélide A par hydrogénation asymétrique à l'aide de complexes chiraux de ruthénium". Phd thesis, Paris 6, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004977.
Texto completoMordant, Céline. "Développements récents en dédoublement cinétique dynamique par hydrogénation asymétrique à l'aide de complexes de ruthénium(II) - synthèse de molécules bioactives". Phd thesis, Paris 6, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001093.
Texto completoPrat, Laurence. "Synthèse asymétrique de composés gem-diarylméthanes, précurseurs de molécules d'interêt biologique, sous l'influence d'un ligand chiral, la (-)-spartéine, ou d'un agent de protonation chiral". Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES060.
Texto completoPlas, Aurélie. "Synthèse stéréosélective de bispidines : vers la conception de nouvelles molécules antalgiques". Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00683624.
Texto completoLevitre, Guillaume. "Photocatalyse et organocatalyse comme outils innovants pour la synthèse de molécules complexes". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS380.
Texto completoIn front of current environmental challenges, catalysis has become a major tool for the synthesis of complex and therapeutic molecules. In this context, we have focused on the development of new synthesis methods that are innovative, efficient, metal-free or activated by visible light. Thus, my thesis work has involved two themes that have been widely studied in our team: photoredox catalysis and organocatalysis. In this manuscript, the first part focused on the conception of photocatalyzed multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated structures with good yields. The following section devoted to the design and evaluation of new supported, robust and recyclable photocatalysts. The third part presented the formulation of formal (4+3) and (4+2) cyloaddition reactions, catalyzed with chiral phosphoric acids for an effective, enantio- and diastereo-selective synthesis of cyclohepta[b]indoles and spiroindolines. In the fourth part, a strategy combining asymmetric organocatalysis and photocatalysis for the synthesis of potentially biologically active α-substituted β-amino tryptamines was described. Finally, the elaboration of new chiral hypervalent iodine compounds and their evaluation as organocatalysts was reported in the last part of this thesis manuscript
Rouzée, Arnaud. "ALIGNEMENT UNI ET TRIDIMENSIONNEL DE MOLÉCULES PAR IMPULSION LASER FEMTOSECONDE". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00398990.
Texto completoSaraiva, rosa Nathalie. "Synthèse diastéréosélective de molécules azotées α-trifluorométhylées - Élaboration et études conformationnelles de petits peptides incorporant des acides β-aminés trifluorométhylés". Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIMS013.
Texto completoChiral N-tert-butansulfinamides, developped by Ellman 20 years ago, have been increasingly applied for the preparation of chiral functionnalized amines, because of the affordability of both enantiomers and of their mild conditions of cleavage. However, the use of theses auxiliaries for the synthesis of quaternary trifluoromethyl derivatives remains quite limited, the corresponding trifluoromethyl ketoimines being highly unstable.Chiral N-tert-butanesulfinyl alkyl(aryl) trifluoromethyl hemiaminal ethers have been developped to be used as bench-stable surrogates of these ketoimines : once under reaction conditions, they afford the corresponding ketoimine in situ, which can be subject to a nucleophilic addition.In this manuscript, different reactions led on these hemiaminal ethers are described, affording valuable and optically pure trifluoromethylated quaternary building-blocks : on the one hand, homoallylic amines, obtained by the addition of allylalane species, and which can afford, after a few steps, teh corresponding trifluoromethyl azetidines, and on the other hand, chiral trifluoromethyl β3,3-amino acids, afforded by a highly diastereoselective Reformatsky reaction.These β 3,3-amino acids have been then involved in solution-phase peptide couplings in order to synthetise a wide range of α/β- and β-di- and tripeptides, whose conformation have been the object of preliminary studies in the solid state and/or in solution.Key-words : Ellman auxiliary, Nucleophilic addition, Solution-phase peptide coupling, α-trifluoromethylated nitrogen derivative, Hemiaminal ether, asymmetric synthesis
Pierre, Cathleen. "Synthèses de molécules polycycliques par arylation C(sp³)-H intramoléculaire catalysée par le palladium". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00975446.
Texto completoDherbassy, Quentin. "Contrôle de la chiralité axiale par activation de liaisons C-H : accès à des molécules naturelles et ligands inédits". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAF069/document.
Texto completoAxial chirality is an important property of biologically active compounds, advanced materials and more importantly of ligands used in asymmetric catalysis. Indeed, numerous atropisomeric biaryls have demonstrated an excellent asymmetric induction capacity. Thus, the control of atropisomery and the development of original synthetic methodologies allowing the synthesis and the obtention of optically pure axially chiral compounds is an important goal for the scientific community. In this work, a new strategy for the synthesis of atropenriched axially chiral biaryls was explored. The use of enantiopur sulfoxides playing the role of both, a directing group and a chirality auxiliary, in a palladium catalyzed C-H functionalization, allowed the efficient construction of numerous highly atropenriched biaryl compounds. The developed methodologies were furthermore applied to the formal synthesis of an axially chiral and bioactive compound, (-)-steganone, as well as the synthesis of doubly atropisomeric unprecedented ligands. These ligands displayed an excellent potential for asymmetric induction in homogenous asymmetric hydrogenation
Philippe, Nicolas. "Contrôle de la configuration d'un centre stéréogène en position 4 de tétrahydroisoquinoléines : accès à des molécules potentiellement actives au niveau du système nerveux central". Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES021.
Texto completoDuñach-Clinet, Elisabet. "Application des complexes de métaux de transition en synthèse organique". Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112035.
Texto completoThe first part of the thesis presents the results pf the [2π + 2π + 2π] CpCo (CO)₂ mediated cycloadditions of unsaturated molecules to yield tensed tricyclic compounds, with a structural study (20 NMR) of the obtained rear ranged complexes. The cyclisation method is applied to the total synthesis of (+)-estradiol. The second part of the thesis develops the asymmetric oxidation of prochiral sulfides into sulfoxides by a hydrated chiral titanium (IV) complex bearing diethyl tartrate ligands. Alkyl aryl, dialkyl and several functionalized sulfoxides are obtained with 60-90 % enantiomeric excess. The application of a new chiral shift reagent for sulfoxides and phosphine oxides in ¹H NMR is described
Tia, Maurice. "Dichroïsme Circulaire de Photoélectrons (PECD) sur des systèmes chiraux isolés". Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112337.
Texto completoPhotoelectron Circular Dichroism (PECD) is observed as a forward/backward asymmetry, with respect to the photon axis, of the photoelectron angular distributions resulting from the circularly polarized light-induced photoionization of gas phase pure enantiomers of chiral species. This thesis is devoted to the study, with the synchrotron of the DESIRS beamline, of this phenomenon on different chiral systems from free molecules (bromine compounds, alanine) to glycidol clusters and water-glycidol complexes. Chapter 1 introduces the fundamental concepts required for the study of chirality in physics and chapter 2 presents the experimental and theoretical methods which have been used. Chapter 3 gives details concerning the results on the halogenated chiral compounds: bromopropionic acid (BPA) and 1,3- and 1,4-bromo-phenylethylamine isomers (BrPhEtA). The sensitivity of PECD to isomerism as well as the role of the localization of the initial orbital of the outgoing electron with respect to the chiral center is at the core of this study. The PECD of the simplest proteic chiral amino acid, alanine, produced by resistive heating and thermodesorption of an aerosol, is introduced in chapter 4 with a conformational study depending on temperature, leading to a plausible conformer distribution. These results are then discussed in the context of homochirality of life (i.e. the fact that only L-amino acids are found in the biosphere) as PECD is an asymmetric photophysical processes which can induce an enantiomeric enrichment. Chapter 5 is focused on PECD in systems of greater complexity: glycidol clusters and water-glycidol complexes. A simple mass selection enables to unravel a spectacular clustering effect on the observed PECD and the use of DELICIOUS 3 enables then to remove any cascading processes thanks to a size selection of nascent species