Literatura académica sobre el tema "Modèle dynamique stochastiques"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Modèle dynamique stochastiques"
Bodo, B. A. y T. E. Unny. "Modèles linéaires stochastiques théoriques pour la réponse des petits bassins". Revue des sciences de l'eau 3, n.º 2 (12 de abril de 2005): 151–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705069ar.
Texto completoBultez, Alain. "Econométrie de la compétitivité: modèles et contre-exemples". Recherche et Applications en Marketing (French Edition) 12, n.º 1 (marzo de 1997): 21–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/076737019701200102.
Texto completoLordon, Frédéric. "Théorie de la croissance : quelques développements récents". Revue de l'OFCE 36, n.º 2 (1 de marzo de 1991): 157–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reof.p1991.36n1.0157.
Texto completoBénassy, Jean-Pascal. "Conférence François-Albert Angers (2002)". Articles 78, n.º 4 (7 de diciembre de 2004): 423–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/007260ar.
Texto completoKIRMAN, Alan. "Organisation et communication dans les marchés". Économie appliquée 38, n.º 3 (1985): 597–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecoap.1985.4054.
Texto completoDullien, Sebastian. "The New Consensus from a Traditional Keynesian and Post-Keynesian Perspective A worthwhile foundation for research or just a waste of time?" Économie appliquée 64, n.º 1 (2011): 173–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecoap.2011.3563.
Texto completoHairault, Jean-Olivier y Franck Portier. "Monnaie et inflation dans un modèle de cycles réels". Recherches économiques de Louvain 59, n.º 4 (1993): 427–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0770451800006606.
Texto completoHairault, J. O. "Chocs asymétriques et dynamique du chômage dans un modèle à deux pays". Recherches économiques de Louvain 64, n.º 4 (1998): 425–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0770451800031675.
Texto completoGarcía, Norberto E. "DSGE Macroeconomic Models: A Critique". Économie appliquée 64, n.º 1 (2011): 149–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecoap.2011.3562.
Texto completoPortier, Franck. "Interprétation d’épisodes historiques à l’aide de modèles dynamiques stochastiques d’équilibre général". Économie & prévision 185, n.º 4 (2008): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecop.2008.7836.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Modèle dynamique stochastiques"
Personne, Arnaud. "Dynamique du modèle de Moran en environnement aléatoire". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC102.
Texto completoIn some ecosystems and more particularly in virgin tropical forests, different species having the same ecological requirements coexist in the same environment. For example, some forests have over a hundred different tree species on one hectare. To explain this incrediblediversity, scientists have built models in which the community composition isonly due to the stochastic dispersion of individuals.The mathematical model studied in this thesis follows this line. It was suggested by Mr. Kalyuzhni in an article where he justifies its relevance. It is known as the Moran model in random environment. It is therefore a question of studying a birth and death process taking into account the environmental stochasticity (climates, diseases, etc.) To study this dynamic, we use an approximation by a diffusion, on the classical scale where the acceleration in time is given by the square of the population size, moreover selective advantage and immigration are inversely proportional to thethis size. The selective advantage varies randomly and is modeled by a Markov jump process. We study the convergence in law of the processes sequence and give a quantitative estimate of the error made for a given population. We are then interested in the moments estimation of the population frequencies, motivated in particular by biodiversity indices such as the Simpson's index andbased on the approximations obtained before.In the case of a non-zero selection, the stochastic differential equation governing a moment appeals to the higher order moment. To overcome this difficulty, we create a closure method to reduce the study of the first moments to a finite system of differential equations. We give an estimation of the error made by neglecting the terms of higher degrees. Finally, in the case of two species and with constant coefficients, we give an estimate of the convergence speed of the diffusion towards the stationary measure. In a second time, we are interested in a time scale proportional to the size of the population. This leads to a convergence of the process law towards a deterministic limitcharacterized by an ordinary differential equation. The selection coefficient evolving randomly, still following a Markov jump process, this process is a PDMP.We then study the persistence of the different species and the potential coexistencethanks the persistence theory, developed by Benaïm and Schreiber. In this part, we are particularly interested in the case where all the species persist. With only two environments: we show that two species can persist but not three. With more environments,the explicit classification stay an open problem but an example of persistence with three speciesand three environments is given
Arnst, Maarten. "Inversion of probabilistic models of structures using measured transfer functions". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ECAP1037.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to develop a methodology for the experimental identification of probabilistic models for the dynamical behaviour of structures. The inversion of probabilistic structural models with minimal parameterization, introduced by Soize, from measured transfer functions is in particular considered. It is first shown that the classical methods of estimation from the theory of mathematical statistics, such as the method of maximum likelihood, are not well-adapted to formulate and solve this inverse problem. In particular, numerical difficulties and conceptual problems due to model misspecification are shown to prohibit the application of the classical methods. The inversion of probabilistic structural models is then formulated alternatively as the minimization, with respect to the parameters to be identified, of an objective function measuring a distance between the experimental data and the probabilistic model. Two principles of construction for the definition of this distance are proposed, based on either the loglikelihood function, or the relative entropy. The limitation of the distance to low-order marginal laws is demonstrated to allow to circumvent the aforementioned difficulties. The methodology is applied to examples featuring simulated data and to a civil and environmental engineering case history featuring real experimental data
Guerineau, Lise. "Analyse statistique de modèles de fiabilité en environnement dynamique". Lorient, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORIS297.
Texto completoWe propose models which integrate time varying stresses for assessing reliability of the electrical network. Our approach is based on the network observation and consists of statistical and probabilistic modelling of failure occurrence. The great flexibility allowed by the piecewise exponential distribution makes it appropriate to model time-to-failure of a component under varying environmental conditions. We study properties of this distribution and make statistical inference for different observation schemes. Models relating components reliability with environmental constraints, and relying on the piecewise exponential distribution, are proposed. The maximum likelihood is assessed on both simulated and real data sets. Then, we consider a multi-component system whose evolution is linked with the corrective maintenance performed. Reliability of this system can be described using stochastic processes. We present inference methods according to the nature of the observation. Discrete observation can be formulated in terms of missing data; the EM algorithm is used to reach estimates in this situation. Stochastic versions of this algorithm have been considered to overcome a possible combinatorial explosion preventing from the EM algorithm implementation. Numerical examples are presented for the proposed algorithms
Batou, Anas. "Identification des forces stochastiques appliquées à un système dynamique non linéaire en utilisant un modèle numérique incertain et des réponses expérimentales". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00472080.
Texto completoGruet, Pierre. "Quelques problèmes d'estimation et de contrôle optimal pour les processus stochastiques dans un cadre de modélisation des prix des marchés de l'électricité". Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01238618.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we study mathematical models for the representation of prices on the electricity markets, from the viewpoints of statistics of random processes and optimal stochastic control. In a first part, we perform estimation of the components of the volatility coefficient of a multidimensional diffusion process, which represents the evolution of prices in the electricity forward market. It is driven by two Brownian motions. We aim at achieving estimation efficiently in terms of convergence rate and, concerning the parametric part of those components, in terms of limit law. To do so, we must extend the usual notion of efficiency in the Cramér-Rao sense. Our estimation methods are based on realized quadratic variation of the observed process. In a second part, we add model error terms to the previous model, in order to tare for some kind of degeneration occurring in it as soon as the dimension of the observed process is greater than two. Our estimation methods are still based on realized quadratic variation, and we give other tools in order to keep on estimating the volatility components with the optimal rate when error terms are present. Then, numerical tests provide us with some evidence that such errors are present in the data. Finally, we solve the problem of a producer, which trades on the electricity intraday market in order to tope with the uncertainties on the outputs of his production units. We assume that there is market impact, so that the producer influences prices as he trades. The price and the forecast of the consumers' demand are modelled by jump diffusions. We use the tools of optimal stochastic control to determine the strategy of the producer in an approximate problem. We give conditions so that this strategy is close to optimality in the original problem, as well as numerical illustrations of that strategy
Barré, Chloé. "Physique statistique des phénomènes de blocage dans les flux particulaires". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066227/document.
Texto completoThis manuscript presents a study of blocking phenomenon in particulate streams flowing through anarrow channel. In particular, it examines situations in which blocking is controlled by the limitedcarrying capacity of the channel. It builds on a simple stochastic model, introduced by Gabrielli etal. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 170601, 2013), in which particles arrive randomly according to a Poissondistribution at the entrance of a one-dimensional channel with an intensity λ and, unless interrupted,exit after a transit time, τ. Blocking occurs instantaneously when N=2 particles are simultaneouslypresent in the channel. The quantities of interest include the probability that the channel is still openat time t (survival probability) and the flux and total number of exiting particles. The thesisexamines a number of generalizations including when more than two particles must be present toinduce blockage, N>2, a time dependent intensity, a finite blocking time, and multi-channelsystems. We obtain exact and approximate analytical results using tools such as the masterequations describing the evolution of the n-particle partial probabilities, large deviation theory andqueuing theory. The theoretical results are validated by comparison with the results of numericalsimulations. The final chapter of the thesis uses a different approach, namely a brownian dynamics simulation of a two dimensional system of soft particles subjected to an external driving and dragforces. The presence of an obstacle in the middle of the channel can cause irreversible orintermittent clogging depending on the system geometry, temperature and particle stiffness
Naso, Aurore. "Intermittence en Turbulence pleinement développée et en Dynamique non linéaire". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011134.
Texto completoLa seconde partie est consacrée à l'étude de la transition au chaos spatio-temporel par intermittence dans un système hydrodynamique réel. Cette transition est d'abord étudiée quantitativement, puis un modèle d'intermittence spatio-temporelle est appliqué aux conditions aux limites de l'expérience. Comme le système réel, les solutions de ce modèle présentent pour certaines valeurs des paramètres dont il dépend un régime de bistabilité, près du seuil, entre l'intermittence spatio-temporelle et un régime où le désordre n'est présent que sur les bords.
Gajda, Dorota. "Optimisation des méthodes algorithmiques en inférence bayésienne. Modélisation dynamique de la transmission d'une infection au sein d'une population hétérogène". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00659618.
Texto completoFavelier, Thomas. "Couplage de la vélocimétrie par images de particules en deux temps avec la décomposition en modes propres pour la caractérisation d'un écoulement". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00080473.
Texto completoUne étude expérimentale de l'écoulement bidimensionnel en moyenne en aval d'un cylindre semi-circulaire, par vélocimétrie par image de particules en deux temps (PIV2T) caractérise l'écoulement
Une analyse POD du champ de vitesse permet d'extraire les modes spatiaux et de définir un paramètre de phase décrivant l'instationnarité à grande échelle qui régit la partie déterministe. La modélisation de l'évolution temporelle des coefficients associés aux modes s'effectue par des fonctions soit harmoniques pour la partie déterministe, soit stochastiques pour la partie aléatoire.
La modélisation est en accord avec les mesures expérimentales des premiers moments statistiques en un point et des fonctions de corrélation spatio-temporelle du champ de vitesse.
Zaatour, Riadh. "Propriétés empiriques et modélisation d’actifs en haute fréquence". Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECAP0027/document.
Texto completoThis thesis explores theoretical and empirical aspects of price formation and evolution at high frequency. We begin with the study of the joint dynamics of an option and its underlying. The high frequency data making observable the realized volatility process of the underlying, we want to know if this information is used to price options. We find that the market does not process this information to fix option prices. The stochastic volatility models are then to be considered as reduced form models. Nevertheless, this study tests the relevance of an empirical hedging parameter that we call effective delta. This is the slope of the regression of option price increments on those of the underlying. It proves to be a satisfactory model-independent hedging parameter. For the price dynamics, we turn our attention in the following chapters to more explicit models of market microstructure. One of the characteristics of the market activity is its clustering. Hawkes processes are point processes with this characteristic, therefore providing an adequate mathematical framework for the study of this activity. Moreover, the Markov property associated to these processes when the kernel is exponential allows to use powerful analytical tools such as the infinitesimal generator and the Dynkin formula to calculate various quantities related to them, such as moments or autocovariances of the number of events on a given interval. We begin with a monovariate framework, simple enough to illustrate the method, but rich enough to enable applications such as the clustering of arrival times of market orders, prediction of future market activity knowing past activity, or characterization of unusual shapes, but nevertheless observed, of signature plot, where the measured volatility decreases when the sampling frequency increases. Our calculations also allow us to make instantaneous calibration of the process by relying on the method of moments. The generalization to the multidimensional case then allow us to capture, besides the clustering, the phenomenon of mean reversion, which also characterizes the market activity observed in high frequency. General formulas for the signature plot are then obtained and used to connect its shape to the relative importance of clustering or mean reversion. Our calculations also allow to obtain the explicit form of the volatility associated with the diffusive limit, therefore connecting the dynamics at microscopic level to the macroscopic volatility, for example on a daily scale. Additionally, modelling buy and sell activity by Hawkes processes allows to calculate the market impact of a meta order on the asset price. We retrieve and explain the usual concave form of this impact as well as its relaxation with time. The analytical results obtained in the multivariate case provide the adequate framework for the study of the correlation. We then present generic results on the Epps effect as well as on the formation of the correlation and the lead lag
Libros sobre el tema "Modèle dynamique stochastiques"
Chéron, Arnaud. La dynamique du marché du travail dans les modèles d'équilibre général interpemporels stochastiques: Analyses positive et normative. Grenoble: A.N.R.T, Université Pierre Mendes France (Grenoble II), 2000.
Buscar texto completoHeermann, Dieter W. Computer simulation methods in theoretical physics. 2a ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1990.
Buscar texto completoHeermann, Dieter W. Computer simulation methods in theoretical physics. 2a ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1990.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Modèle dynamique stochastiques"
KARLIS, Dimitris y Katerina ORFANOGIANNAKI. "Modèles de régression de Markov pour les séries chronologiques de comptage des séismes". En Méthodes et modèles statistiques pour la sismogenèse, 165–80. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9037.ch6.
Texto completoBONNAFFOUX, Arnaud. "Inférence de réseaux de régulation de gènes à partir de données dynamiques multi-échelles". En Approches symboliques de la modélisation et de l’analyse des systèmes biologiques, 7–50. ISTE Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9029.ch1.
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