Tesis sobre el tema "Modèle de milieu poreux"
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Dalla, Costa Celine. "Transferts de traceur en milieu poreux consolidé et milieu poreux fissuré : Expérimentations et Modélisations". Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10088.
Texto completoWe try to identify and model physical and chemical mechanisms governing the water flow and the solute transport in fractured consolidated porous medium. An original experimental device was built. The “cube” consists of an idealized fractured medium reproduced by piling up consolidated porous cubes of 5 cm edge. Meanwhile, columns of the homogeneous consolidated porous medium are studied. The same anionic tracing technique is used in both cases. Using a system analysis approach, we inject concentration pulses in the device to obtain breakthrough curves. After identifying the mass balance and the residence time, we fit the CD and the MIM models to the experimental data. The MIM model is able to reproduce experimental curves of the homogeneous consolidated porous medium better than the CD model. The mobile water fraction is in accordance with the porous medium geometry. The study of the flow rate influence highlights an interference dispersion regime. It was not possible to highlight the observation length influence in this case. On the contrary, we highlight the effect of the observation scale on the fractured and porous medium, comparing the results obtained on a small “cube” and a big “cube”. The CD model is not satisfactory in this case. Even if the MIM model can fit the experimental breakthrough curves, it was not possible to obtain unique parameters for the set of experiments
Sapin, Paul. "Etude expérimentale de l'ébullition en masse dans un milieu poreux modèle". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2014. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/12148/1/sapin_partie_1_sur_2.pdf.
Texto completoCollet, Jean-François. "Quelques propriétés mathématiques d'un modèle d'écoulement en milieu poreux". Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10237.
Texto completoGenty, Alain. "Validation expérimentale d'un modèle numérique de déplacement diphasique en milieu poreux". Paris, ENMP, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENMP0696.
Texto completoClain, Xavier. "Une étude expérimentale de l'injection de fluides d'Herschel-Bulkley en milieu poreux". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582324.
Texto completoPomès, Véronique. "Étude du transport électrocinétique d'une espèce non réactive dans un milieu poreux modèle". Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPT105G.
Texto completoWilbois, Boris. "Modèle macroscopique d'écoulements de fluides multiconstituants en milieu poreux applicable aux gisements pétroliers". Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12773.
Texto completoRubiolo, Pablo. "Modélisation du transfert thermique dans un milieu poreux : application aux réacteurs nucléaires en situation accidentelle". Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX11055.
Texto completoGrall, Véronique. "Étude expérimentale d'écoulements diphasiques liquide-gaz en mini-canaux et en milieu poreux modèle". Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT033H.
Texto completoSaad, Mazen. "Propriétés de quelques modèles d'écoulements en milieu poreux". Bordeaux 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR10630.
Texto completoChoquet, Catherine. "Analyse de modèles d'écoulements en milieu poreux hétérogène". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF21392.
Texto completoPanfilova, Irina. "Ecoulements diphasiques en milieux poreux : modèle de ménisque". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2003_PANFILOVA_I.pdf.
Texto completoA new macroscopic model of two-phase flow through porous media is suggested. It takes in consideration a typical structure of phase distribution in pores in the form of a repetitive field of mobile menisci. The presence of such interfaces givers rise to a supplementary term in the momentum balance equation, which introduces a vector field of capillary forces. The derivation of the model is based on the phenomenological approach with introducing a special continuum called the Meniscus-continuum. The closure relations to the phenomenological model are obtained by numerical simulations in network models of porous media. The new model remains hyperbolic even when the capillary forces are dominant, in contrast with the classical model which is parabolic. Analytical solutions to the mono-dimensional flow problems are constructed. They manifest non-classical structures like the double fronts or counter-flow fronts. To simulate 2D or 3D problems, a numerical algorithm is developed, which is a combination between the finite difference and the percolation techniques. Its application to the p:roblem of DNAPL propagation into the soil has enabled to detect several penetration regimes
Al, Bitar Ahmad. "Modélisation des écoulements en milieu poreux hétérogènes 2D / 3D, avec couplages surface / souterrain et densitaires". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7712/1/al_bitar.pdf.
Texto completoLaurindo, João Borges. "Évaporation en milieu poreux : étude expérimentale sur milieux-modèles et modélisation de type percolation". Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT070H.
Texto completoFrançois, Marie. "Approche expérimentale d’écoulement gaz/liquide en milieu poreux modèle : application aux lits fixes pour la catalyse hétérogène". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0216/document.
Texto completoHeterogeneously catalyzed reactions involving a gas and a liquid phase are frequently achieved in fixed bed reactors. These reactors can be described as a porous medium. The complex nature of this medium makes the understanding of the interplay between phases difficult, and requires a thorough study at the global andlocal scale to identify the key parameters of hydrodynamics, mass and heat transfers. Therefore, we have developed a miniaturized two-dimensional system that is transparent to allow the direct observation of the flow with very high spatial and temporal resolution. While varying the total flow rate and the gas/liquid flow rate ratio, we observe the appearance of the trickle and the pulse flow regime, which can be observed in threedimensional beds. Thanks to some image analysis techniques, we are able to quantify and to map the local apparent liquid saturation and the morphology of the phases. Variances analysis allowed the study of the transition for different liquid properties. This approach allowed the comparison with the existing state of art, but also the study of the onset and propagation mechanisms of the instabilities during the transition. We report that the onset of instabilities responsible for the destabilization of the trickle flow regime occurs at a fixed Weber number. This indicates that the pulsed regime is due to the destabilization of the gas/liquid interface by inertial forces. Finally, a preliminary study of thermal transfers in the device was realized. The device was used to perform the exothermic hydrogenation of alpha-methylstyrene. A simple model is used to characterize the temperature increase in the device. Although this approach does not allow quantitative measurements, it opens up the perspective of monitoring thermal transfers with an infra-red camera
Nasser, El Dine Houssein. "Étude mathématique et numérique pour le modèle Darcy-Brinkman pour les écoulements diphasiques en milieu poreux". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDN0022.
Texto completoThe system modeling a two incompressible phase flow with high porosity in an oil-field is governed by the law of Darcy-Brinkman. The velocity of filtration of Darcy leads to an elliptic equation in pressure and a degenerate parabolic equation in saturation. This system is widely used in porous media. In this thesis, we are interested in the modification of Brinkman which consists in modifying Darcy’s law by adding a viscosity disspative term. This system leads to an elliptic equation in pressure and unstandard parabolic equation in saturation regularized in time. First, we are interested in the mathematical study of the Darcy-Brinkman’s system and in the regularity of the solutions. To simulate numerically the solutions of this problem, we study the convergence of a finite-volume scheme on an admissible mesh for a homogeneous porous media. Then, we propose a combined method of finite volume - nonconforming finite element type to deal with the anisotropic of the media. In the second part of this thesis we deal with the compressibility of the fluids. We suggest a model of Darcy- Brinkman to describe the compressible monophasic case. We show that this model is well posed in dimension one in the whole space. Then, under the hypothesis of Bear, we also show that this model is well posed in dimension d ≥ 2
Jimenez, Julien. "Modèles non linéaires de transport dans un milieu poreux hétérogène". Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00204610.
Texto completoEn premier lieu nous considérons un problème couplé hyperbolique/hyperbolique. Sous une condition de non dégénérescence du flux, nous avons obtenu un résultat d'existence et d'unicité d'une solution faible entropique d'abord en dimension 1 d'espace puis en dimension quelconque. La preuve de l'unicité est basée sur la méthode de dédoublement des variables due à S.N. Kruzkov puis sur un raisonnement presque partout à l'interface. Dans le cas particulier de la dimension 1 l'existence s'obtient par une régularisation adéquate du coefficient discontinu dans le terme de convection alors que nous utilisons la méthode de viscosité artificielle dans le cas général.
En second lieu nous traitons le cas de termes de convection qui apparaissent dans l'ingénierie pétrolière pour lesquels la condition de non dégénérescence de la non linéarité n'est pas vérifiée. Nous ne pouvons donc pas adapter les méthodes précédemment utilisées. Nous nous sommes donc intéressés à un problème couplé perturbé où sur l'un des deux ouverts un terme de diffusion est ajouté. Sous l'hypothèse que les caractéristiques provenant de la zone hyperbolique sont sortantes à l'interface, l'unicité d'une solution faible entropique est établie. La méthode de viscosité artificielle et la notion de processus entropique nous permettent de prouver le résultat d'existence .
Saint-Macary, Patrick. "Analyse mathématique de modèles de diffusion en milieu poreux élastique". Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007651.
Texto completoAmirat, Youcef. "Étude mathématique et numérique de modèles d'écoulements en milieu poreux". Paris 9, 1989. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1989PA090008.
Texto completoFahs, Marwan. "Modélisation du transport réactif multicomposants en milieu poreux saturé". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/FAHS_Marwan_2007.pdf.
Texto completoThe modeling of reactive transport is done sequentially with the operator splitting approach or simultaneously with the global approach. The first work in reactive transport showed the superiority of (OS) compared to (GA). However, recent work highlighted the OS weakness in certain configurations. In the first part of this work we studied the tow approaches (OS) and (GA) for various configurations of chemistry-transport. In order to avoid the major disadvantage of (GA), who is the high cost in CPU time, we developed a new efficient and robust model. The obtained results show that, with this model, (GA) becomes more efficient and more precise than (OS). This advantage becomes more important in the case of complex chemistry with sorption and precipitation/dissolution reactions. The second part of this work is interested to the development of numerical schemes for modeling reactive transport. In fact, the majority of the existing models use Eulerian methods for the transport equations. These methods require a very fine space and time discretization and consequently a prohibitory CPU times. In order to solve this problem, we use in this work the Eulerian Lagrangian Localized Adjoint Method (ELLAM). The objective of this work is to develop the potentialities of ELLAM to solve the reactive transport problem. The first step of this part consists in combining the ELLAM with OS and GA. The obtained results show that for kinetic reactions, OS_ELLAM is more efficient than GA_ELLAM. However, for the equilibrium reactions, ELLAM_GA becomes preferable. The second step is the improvement of the ELLAM in order to avoid the numerical diffusion problem. A new formulation of ELLAM is developed. This formulation was tested for linear and nonlinear transport. The result shows that our new approach is less sensitive to the time step and avoids any numerical diffusion
Pi, Haohong. "Analyse expérimentale-numérique de l'écoulement diphasique dans des modèles de milieu poreux sur puce microfluidique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0126.
Texto completoThe core-flood experiments are the usual method used to study the immiscible biphasic flow. However, beside reproducibility aspects, a significant drawback is that with these black box experiments, we cannot observe and capture key phenomena at the pore scale, including interfacial interactions and details about mobilization of the trapped oil (e.g. size and distribution of residual ganglia). This is why microfluidic micromodel devices are now extensively used in lab EOR experiments. They preserve the structural details of the rock while offering advantages such as easy cleaning and repeatability. Visual tracking of fluids displacement is particularly important as it can provide more details about the behavior of wetting and non-wetting phases in porous media, aiding in targeted strategies to enhance oil recovery rates. This thesis explores the intricate dynamics of immiscible two-phase flows combines microfluidic porous medium models, often referred to as “reservoir-on-a-chip”, with numerical simulations.In our experiments, we used morphological to monitor and record displacement behavior in biphasic flow, systematically studying the effects of different capillary numbers (Ca) and viscosity ratios (M) on the flow mechanisms and the mobilization of residual oil. The results indicated that during waterflooding, displacement exhibited characteristics of viscous fingering at lower Ca and M values. By increasing the flow rate to enhance Ca tenfold, the residual oil showing lateral and even backward invasion of flow paths without significant changes in cluster size. With increasing M, both the cluster size and the maximum cluster size decreased, leading to a more uniform distribution of residual oil and lower Sor. The mobilization mechanism of residual oil manifested as ganglia breakup, with newly formed smaller ganglia being mobilized under higher pressures. The distribution of residual oil clusters is consistent with percolation theory, where the scaling exponent τ is 2.0. All experimental results for Sor and corresponding Ca values collapsed onto the classical Capillary Desaturation Curve (CDC).The experimental findings served as a foundation for developing a numerical model using a phase-field approach. This model, based on the Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes system of equations, effectively captures the bi-phasic flow behavior of immiscible fluids within confined domains. It incorporates conservation of mass and momentum equations, enhanced by phase separation dynamics and interfacial energy considerations. The numerical simulations, executed on the open-source finite element platform Fenics, align qualitatively and quantitatively with experimental observations, affirming the accuracy of model in predicting fluid behaviors under varied physical conditions, advancing our understanding of pore-scale fluid dynamics. Simulations focus on dissecting the influence of fluid properties and operational conditions on the displacement mechanisms at the pore scale
Philit, Sven. "Elaboration d'un modèle structural, pétrophysique et mécanique des failles en milieu gréseux poreux : implication pour la migration et le piégeage des fluides". Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT090/document.
Texto completoDeformation through cataclasis, which corresponds to grain crushing, is an effective process of porosity and permeability reduction in porous sandstones, classical aquifers and hydrocarbon reservoirs at depth. A major stake concerning the deformation in sandstone is to understand what processes govern the growth of the cataclastic structures and to recognize what parameters influence the expression of the deformation at microscopic scale and at basin scale.In this study, we focus on the analysis of cataclastic deformation band clusters in order to consider a significantly concentrated deformation regarding the potential of fluid flow baffling. We select seven study sites presenting clusters formed in extensional and contractional tectonics, under different Andersonian regimes, at various burial depths and in sandstones of varying lithologies. To complement the structural analysis, we use an analytical approach to estimate the stress-state evolution of the sandstones leading to deformation. Numerical modeling allows the analysis of the influence of physical parameters on the structuring of the deformation.We show that the position of failure along the failure envelope of the sandstone (which depends on its lithology) seems to determine the morphology of deformation. On the other hand, normal, strike-slip and thrust Andersonian regime clusters respectively seem to form frequently on the same part of the envelope.Normal regime clusters (favorably formed in extensional tectonics) have thin to medium thickness, with high band density and form, with other clusters, networks of km-scale length - often localized near a major fault. They are likely to baffle fluid flow. Strike-slip regime clusters (favorably formed in contractional tectonics) have medium thickness with medium band densities. Due to their sparseness, they seem unlikely to form a baffle for fluids. Thrust regime clusters (favorably formed in contractional tectonics) have medium thickness and medium band density if failure is attained on the brittle part of the envelope. They seem potentially thicker, with low band density and tend to form arrays of deformation bands if failure is attained on the cap of the envelope. Because they are short and sparse, they do not represent an effective baffle for fluid flow.We relate the process of cluster growth and their resulting morphology to the microscopic arrangement of the clasts in the deformed material. The minor compaction in the deformed material of normal and strike-slip regime clusters seems to be at the origin of the dense localization of the bands through the presence of weaker planes in the deformed material. For the same degree of deformation, the more compacted material in thrust regime clusters would favor the distribution of the bands.Faulting of normal regime clusters is enhanced by the presence of layers including weak minerals between the sandstones. These weak layers are responsible for the initiation and propagation of major slip-surfaces in the adjacent sandstone from small displacements. The initiation of major slip-surfaces is also favored when porous sandstone is juxtaposed with a hard lithology.We find that the quartz cementation of the most deformed parts of the clusters is common, even in clusters that were never buried below 800 m. This cementation is promoted by an intense degree of cataclasis, seems to form by “self-healing”, and may reduce the petrophysical properties of clusters
Pinson, François. "Modélisation à l'échelle macroscopique d'un écoulement turbulent au sein d'un milieu poreux". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7449/1/pinson.pdf.
Texto completoGuellouz, Sami. "Modélisation de la migration de colloïdes dans un milieu poreux". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529457.
Texto completoDebaste, Frédéric. "Modélisation de l'évaporation en milieu poreux: développement de modèles fondamentaux et appliqués". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210496.
Texto completotransport et de thermodynamique apparaissant lors de l'évaporation
en milieu poreux permet l'investigation d'applications pratiques
variées. Dans ce travail, nous développons des modèles fondamentaux
d'évaporation en milieu poreux que nous appliquons ensuite au
séchage en lit fluidisé de deux matériaux granulaires poreux :le
PVC et la levure.
Les modèles mis au point sont réalisés suivant une approche
multiéchelle. Nous nous intéressons tout d'abord aux phénomènes se
déroulant à l'échelle d'un pore. Les modèles développés à cette
échelle sont ensuite exploités dans le cadre d'une étude à l'échelle
d'un grain poreux. Le couplage des modèles de grain avec un modèle à
l'échelle du réacteur permet alors l'étude des applications
industrielles.
A l'échelle du pore, nous étudions les phénomènes de transport dans
un capillaire initialement rempli de liquide qui s'évapore vers
l'atmosphère ambiante. L'objectif est de prédire le taux
d'évaporation dans cette configuration. Nous nous intéressons
successivement à la modélisation du transport de matière par
convection-diffusion en phase gazeuse et la modélisation de l'impact
de films liquides adsorbés à la paroi du capillaire sur le transport
de matière. Ces deux modèles sont confrontés à des expériences
d'évaporation en capillaires cylindriques visualisées à l'aide de
deux dispositifs optiques. Le premier offre un suivi d'ensemble au
cours du temps du capillaire, alors que le second, un interféromètre
de Mach-Zehnder, permet une visualisation locale de la région
entourant le ménisque.
Le modèle portant sur le transport de matière par
convection-diffusion mène à la définition d'un critère non
dimensionnel permettant d'évaluer si la convection dans la phase
gazeuse dans le capillaire doit être prise en compte pour évaluer le
taux d'évaporation. Le modèle de film permet de prédire l'impact de
celui-ci sur l'évaporation en présence d'un gaz inerte lorsque les
mouvements convectifs en phase gazeuse sont négligeables. La
confrontation de ce modèle avec les profils d'épaisseur des films
obtenus à l'aide de interféromètre de Mach-Zehnder ne permet pas de
valider le modèle, et ce, suite à une trop grande incertitude sur
l'évaluation des interactions entre la paroi et le liquide.
A l'échelle d'un grain, nous développons un modèle discret par
réseau de pores et deux modèles continus pour tenter de prédire le
taux d'évaporation et la distribution des phases dans le milieu
poreux. Le modèle par réseau de pores prend en compte les transports
de matière par diffusion en phase gazeuse, par convection dans les
pores remplis de liquide et par convection dans les films liquides.
Les effets visqueux en phase liquide sont également modelisés. Pour
la prise en compte de ces derniers, nous montrons l'importance de
l'usage d'un algorithme approprié. Nous évaluons ensuite au travers
de trois nombres sans dimensions l'impact du transport par film et
des effets visqueux sur l'évaporation et la distribution des phases.
Cette analyse dimensionnelle est ensuite appliquée à l'étude de
réseaux de pores pour lesquels la section des liaisons les
constituant est idéalisée par des polygones réguliers. Pour les
modèles continus après une vérification simplifiée de
l'applicabilité de cette démarche, nous développons deux modèles
simples. Dans les deux modèles, l'étape de séchage à vitesse
constante est supposée limitée par le transport de matière externe
au grain. Le premier modèle, dit à front pénétrant, suppose que
l'étape de séchage à vitesse décroissante correspond à l'existence
d'un front d'évaporation qui s'enfonce dans la matrice poreuse. Le
second modèle, dit à surface d'échange variable, attribue cette même
étape du séchage à une diminution progressive de la surface
d'évaporation en surface du grain.
A l'échelle du réacteur, nous présentons deux modèles visant à
simuler deux types d'essais différents :le séchage en lit fluidisé
et la thermogravimétrie analytique. Ces deux modèles sont couplés
aux différents modèles à l'échelle de grain pour étudier le séchage
de PVC et de levure tant en lit fluidisé que lors des essais de
thermogravimétrie analytique.
Dans le cas du PVC, le modèle par réseau de pores ne peut pas être
appliqué de par la nécessité d'une trop grande puissance de calcul.
Au niveau des modèles continus, nous montrons que l'application du
modèle à surface d'échange variable permet de reproduire les courbes
de séchage expérimentales des essais en lit fluidisé.
Dans le cas de la levure, nous appliquons le modèle par réseau de
pores et le modèle à front pénétrant. L'utilisation du modèle par
réseau de pores nécessite une connaissance plus détaillée de la
structure poreuse des grains. Le traitement d'une analyse par
microtomographie nous permet d'obtenir un réseau de pores
expérimental. Celui-ci est utilisé pour montrer que la méthode de
caractérisation de la porosité par intrusion de mercure ne semble
pas adaptée à un matériau deformable comme la levure. Le même réseau
est utilisé pour simuler le séchage de grains de levure à l'aide du
modèle par réseau de pores. Les simulations sont réalisées sur des
réseaux équivalents à des coupes dans le solide. Le modèle par
réseau de pores et le modèle à front pénétrant permettent tous deux
de modéliser correctement le séchage de levure en lit fluidisé
moyennant l'ajustement de leurs paramètres ajustables,
respectivement la conductibilité des films liquide et la tortuosité.
Pour l'essai de thermogravimétrie, ils ne parviennent à approcher
que la première étape de celui-ci. Les avantages, défauts et
complémentarités de ces deux modèles sont discutés.
Nous évaluons ensuite l'impact du rétrécissement de la levure et des
types d'eau sur le séchage de ce matériau. Le rétrécissement est,
pour ce faire, mesuré à l'aide d'un stéréomicroscope. Ces premières
mesures, exploratoires, mènent à la définition d'un modèle empirique
de retrait du solide au cours de son séchage. En le prenant en
compte dans les modèles déjà appliqués à la levure, nous montrons
que le retrait a un impact significatif sur l'étape de séchage à
vitesse décroissante. Cet impact
peut cependant être masqué intégralement par la réévaluation
des paramètres ajustables des différents modèles. Finalement,
l'étude des types d'eau au travers d'un modèle simple appliqué à
l'essai de thermogravimétrie analytique montre que les types d'eau
ne doivent pas être pris en compte pour modéliser le séchage de
levure.
A l'issue de ce travail, nous disposons donc de modèles fondamentaux
d'évaporation en milieu poreux. Ceux-ci peuvent être appliqués à des
cas d'intérêt industriel, comme nous le réalisons pour le PVC et la
levure. Ils peuvent servir à améliorer la
compréhension de ces procédés. Ils représentent donc des
outils de choix pour la conception, le dimensionnement et
l'optimisation du séchage.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Bendhaou, Wafa. "Modélisation macroscopique des écoulements à masse volumique variable : vers un modèle de la pyrolyse de la biomasse". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC084.
Texto completoPyrolysis is a thermo-chemical conversion of biomass into bio-fuels. This technology has not been fully developed and its competitiveness against other sources of energy is yet to be proven. The aim of this work is to derive a macroscopic model of pyrolysis by means of volume averaging method. The obtained macroscopic model can then be used to conduct fast and low-cost numerical simulations to characterize the process and improve the reactor efficiency. To achieve our objective, a two-steps methodology has been established. First, the fundamental problem of variable density flow in porous media has been investigated. The physical phenomena in this kind of problem are very similar to those involved in pyrolysis for two reasons: the fluid density varies due to high temperature gradients and the pyrolysis reactor can be considered as a double porosity medium (porosity at the reactor scale and porosity at the biomass particle scale). The obtained macroscopic conservation equations (continuity, momentum and energy) and the effective properties (density, permeability and thermal diffusivity) contain additional terms resulting from the fluid density variation. The explicit form of these terms has been established and their components have been computed. The resulting models of the first step have then been used to develop a macroscopic model of the pyrolysis in the second part of our study
Guellouz, Sami. "Modélisation de la migration de colloïdes dans un milieu poreux". Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ENPC9431.
Texto completoSkachkov, Sergey. "Modèle macroscopique de la dispersion diphasique en milieux poreux et fracturés". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPL064N/document.
Texto completoThe objective of the thesis is to develop the homogenized model of a two-phase flow through a porous and fractured medium by highlighting the dynamic mixing between the phases, caused by the medium heterogeneity. Attention is focused on the influence of the capillarity. The two-scale homogenization is applied. The mixing is manifested in form of the hydrodynamic dispersion and renormalized advection. The dispersion tensor, determined by the cell problem, is a nonlinear function of saturation, flow velocity, viscosity ratio and capillary number. For a fractured medium the method of streamline configurations was advanced for a two- phase case. This method enables to obtain the dispersion tensor and the effective permeability in analytical form for periodic fractured networks or in semi-analytical form for random networks. The simulation of two- phase displacement based on the new model is performed
Bouziani, Naceur. "Elaboration d'un modèle thermo-chimique de la matière cométaire : contribution à l'étude physico-chimique des milieux poreux hétérogènes". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10190.
Texto completoKamtchueng, Toko. "Formulation généralisée du transport réactif pour les modèles de réseaux de pores saturés en eau". Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2087/document.
Texto completoProtection and remediation of ground water resources are a major societal challenge. It implies to understand the evolution of solutes as pollutant in the saturated and non-saturated zones. For that purpose numerous studies have been conducted for modeling the reactive transport in a porous media. At Darcy scale, the behavior of solutes depends on microscopic heterogeneity for the media. The Pore Network Models (PNM) simplifies drastically its geometry and considers pores linked by straight throats the section of which is constant. They give a description which is in between the macroscopic and the pore descriptions. With such geometry it is possible to use a Poiseuille flow modeling the flux. With respect to the reactiontransport equation, we seek the analytical solution of the CDE in throats, which in turn allows computing the mass flux in pores. The transport solution consists of a Volterra equation system. Its convolution kernels result in a summation of time function which is decreasing exponentially with time (except the first term which still constant). The time constant is driven by the diffusion time td. As td goes to zero, keeping the Peclet number fixed, each term of the summation reduces to a Dirac. The response of the system is then instantaneous. When the volume of the pore is large enough it is possible to neglect all the term of the kernel except the constant one. In the limit where the Peclet number goes to zero, usual models are recovered. Numerically, the exponential time decreasing of the kernel allow to optimize their computational time up to an arbitrary fixed precision
Nardi, Cyril. "Evaluation de la mobilité d'un polluant organique en conditions triphasiques". Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066304.
Texto completoZarcone, César. "Étude du couplage visqueux en milieu poreux : mesure des perméabilités relatives croisées". Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT128H.
Texto completoChahlafi, Miloud. "Modélisation du rayonnement thermique dans un coeur de réacteur nucléaire dégradé en présence de vapeur et de gouttes d'eau". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00649477.
Texto completoGuerfi, Fayçal. "Modélisation et approche analytique des systèmes d'écoulements triphasiques compressibles en milieu poreux". Pau, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PAUU3004.
Texto completoCombaret, Nicolas. "Construction d'un modèle de réseau de pores à partir d'une image 3D pour l'estimation de la perméabilité". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00802468.
Texto completoRoudani, Cherkaoui. "Modélisation à l'échelle microscopique des transferts thermiques radiatifs en milieu poreux". Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Roudani-Cherkaoui/2008-Roudani-Cherkaoui-These.pdf.
Texto completoThe study of solid fuel combustion (for energy production or for waste incineration), for optimization purposes in terms of efficiency or reduction of noxious species emissions, requires to take into account all the energetic processes on a microscopic scale. We aim here at characterizing the incidence of the radiative exchanges on the thermal transfer properties of porous media. A 3d simulation tool which operates on the microscopic scale, based on a Monte Carlo method, has been developed. It was then applied to the simulation of heat transfer by coupled conduction and radiation from a heated grain within in a porous medium. A wide range of microstructures and operating conditions has been investigated. The results show that radiative transfers can have a significant influence in the smoldering process. Radiation can be accounted for in a macroscopic description by the means of an equivalent radiative conductivity, for which a model is proposed, which depends only on the local temperature and on geometrical characteristics of the porous medium
Nguyen, The Anh. "Acoustic waves in porous media : numerical study of wave propagation in porous media with one or many mineral components : applications to real Fontainebleau and STATOIL samples". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066205/document.
Texto completoThe purpose of this Ph.D. thesis is to study acoustic waves in porous media. The homogenization theory (Boutin and Auriault, 1990; Malinouskaya, 2007; Li, 2010) is used together with the lattice models such as LBM, LSM, LSM2S, LBM-LSM, LBM-LSM2S in order to determine the macroscopic properties, the acoustic velocities, the attenuation effects in Fontainebleau samples with two components (pore and quartz) and in STATOIL samples with three components (pore, quartz and clay). Three problems are studied numerically in this work. The first problem is devoted to characterizations of samples; this is done with the determination of the porosity and of the correlation functions with the corresponding Fourier components (Adler, 1992; Nguyen, 2013). The second one addresses wave propagation in dry samples; the velocities are derived from the effective stiffness tensor C(eff) which can be calculated by LSM (Pazdniakou, 2012) or LSM2S. The third one corresponds to samples saturated by incompressible or compressible fluids; the velocities can be obtained from the Christoffel equation after determining C(eff) , the dynamic permeability K and the reactions to fluid pressure α and β. For Fontainebleau samples, the calculations are performed with basic existing models such as LSM, LBM, LBM-LSM. These basic models are extended to solids with multiple components; they are validated by comparisons with others (Nemat-Nasser and Iwakuma, 1982; Torquato, 1998, 2000; Cohen, 2004). The velocities, the effective bulk and shear modulus of all the dry samples as well as the velocities and the attenuation effected in saturated samples are determined. These results are in good agreement compared with existing models and results, such as the IOS model of Arns (1996), the empirical models of Nur et al. (1991), Krief (1990) and with Gassmann’ s model. The numerical results are slightly larger than the experimental data of Han (1986) and Gomez et al. (2010); the origin of this small discrepancy has been tentatively analyzed, but its cause has not been unambiguously identified
Boulos, Mario. "Déshydratation mécano-thermique d’un milieu poreux déformable : modélisation des transferts et développement d’outils de caractérisation adaptés". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14074/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the characterization of strongly deformable porous media in order to model the transfer taking place during drying. The theory of consolidation of Biot reflects the hydro-mechanical coupling occurring during dehydration of a deformable porous medium. Cáceres developed a model based on this theory and on the classical Darcy’s law. It is suitable for large deformations of the solid skeleton and the stress tensor is decomposed according to the so-called Terzaghi’s principle. A simulation using this model requires the information in thermo-physical terms of characteristics. Two experimental setups were developed : one measuring the relaxation charge, the other called dynamic pressurization (DP). The first experiment allowed us to characterize the permeability, Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus as functions of water content of the gel. The second experiment showed the importance of taking into account the compressibility of the solid phase in the modeling of the drying of agar gel as well as the effect of the existence of bubbles on the bulk modulus of the water. The establishment of two models followed this experimental study. First, the DP is consistent with the hypothesis of small deformations, a numerical model based on Biot’s equations was carried out to validate the parameters measured and to correct the estimated value of the permeability. A second model reflects the thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling in the convective drying of highly deformable porous media such as agar gel and alumina. The latter is based on the Biot’s theory and on the thermodynamics study of Coussy. It uses the Euler’s method while staying adapted to large deformations
Diallo, Ouaténi. "Modélisation et simulation numérique de résines réactives dans un milieu poreux". Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10027.
Texto completoGhidouche, Hamid. "Etude mathématique de modèles de changement de phase dans les milieux dissipatifs et dans un milieu poreux saturé". Paris 13, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA132008.
Texto completoAmiell, Patrick. "Ecoulements diphasiques gaz-liquide en milieu poreux : etude sur modele physique d'aquifere monoclinal". Paris, ENMP, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ENMP0101.
Texto completoOuartassi, Bajil. "Etude numérique de la dynamique des transferts couplés au sein d'un milieu poreux". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10039/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is a development of numerical methods for solving differential equations of balance sheets and optimization settings applied to problems of simultaneous transfers of mass and / or heat in a porous medium such as natural wood materiel. Based on the overview of numerical methods for solving differential equations, and partial differential equations for n parameters optimization, some of these methods are developed for two physical and chemical processes and examined for different practical experiments carried out in LERMAB laboratory. The first application focuses on the dynamics of isothermal transfer of water during the wood frying in the hygroscopic field. In this case the proposed modeling can show that for certain wood species, diffusionnels transfers of water in the gas phase and adsorbed phase are not necessarily realized under conditions where thermodynamic equilibrium between the two phases is provided. The second application focuses on modeling the slow pyrolysis of wood spices heated by conduction between two plates which temperatures varies between 150 ° C and 240 ° C. The curves giving the temperature in the heightened and the loss of mass are well represented by the proposed kinetic and transfer models. However, this application allows highlighting the limits of optimization methods in the presence of a large number of parameters to determine some of them are coupled
Fontaine, Vincent. "Quelques méthodes numériques robustes pour les modèles de transfert diffusif en milieu poreux". La Réunion, 2008. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/08_17-fontaine.pdf.
Texto completoIn this dissertation, our focus is on the well-known class of elliptic/parabolic boundary value problems, namely the second order diffusion equation, usually used to model mass transfer in porous media. We discuss the Mixed Finite Element (MFE) methods and its hybridization technique and families of flux-continuous schemes referred in the literature as Multi-Point Flux Approximation (MPFA) methods. MFE and MPFA methods are well suited for the resolution of this prototype equation since both approaches are locally conservative, handle easily unstructured grids and heterogeneous / discontinuous media. Low order MFE methods are considered in this work using either finite elements of Raviart-Thomas or Brezzi-Douglas-Marini. The family of flux-continuous schemes is presented in the physical space and reference space, and has been performed for a large range of quadrature points. Motivated by MPFA formulation, a Multipoint version of Mixed Finite Element (MPMFE) method that reduces to cell-centered finite differences is investigated on quadrilateral and simplicial grids that performs well for discontinuous full tensor coefficients. The link between MPMFE and MPFA formulations is show algebraically for the lowest order finite elements of Raviart-Thomas and of Brezzi-Douglas-Marini. The different tests carried out in anisotropic and heterogeneous media show the computational superiority of the MPMFE approximation
Muca, Lamy Edvina. "Ecoulement et transfert colloïdal dans des matrices hétérogènes et stratifiées : Application à des milieux poreux modèles". Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00363379.
Texto completoBelloni, Julien. "Modélisation des phénomènes de dissolution lors des phases précoces et avancées d'un accident grave de réacteur nucléaire". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00453295.
Texto completoMalachanne, Etienne. "Modèle du remodelage osseux prenant en compte la phase fluide". Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20222.
Texto completoBONNEFOY, Olivier. "Influence des cristaux d'hydrates de gaz ou de glace sur la perméabilité d'un milieu poreux". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009658.
Texto completoLa deuxième partie est consacrée aux expériences. Leur but est de mesurer la perméabilité d'un sédiment contenant des cristaux. Pour nous rapprocher des conditions géologiques naturelles, les cristaux sont réalisés en l'absence de phase gazeuse. Il s'avère que les hydrates se forment de manière très hétérogène dans le milieu poreux et ceci rend les mesures non représentatives. Nous pensons que ce résultat est général et qu'à l'échelle de temps du laboratoire, la formation d'hydrates de gaz répartis uniformément dans un milieu poreux est très difficile. Pour contourner cette difficulté, nous montrons de manière théorique que les cristaux de glace ont un comportement analogue aux cristaux d'hydrate (du point de vue des forces de Van der Waals qui gouvernent l'agglomération). Ceci nous permet de calculer la constante de Hamaker des hydrates. La deuxième série d'expériences s'intéresse donc à la perméabilité d'un milieu poreux non consolidé et sous contrainte dont les pores sont occupés par des cristaux de glace. Deux populations de grains de silice sont utilisées pour former le milieu poreux : 3 mm et 200 microns. Avec les gros grains, les résultats font apparaître deux seuils : pour des saturations plus faibles que le seuil inférieur, la présence des cristaux n'affecte pas la perméabilité. Pour des saturations plus grandes que le seul supérieur, la perméabilité est quasiment nulle (phénomène de percolation). Entre les deux, la perméabilité décroît exponentiellement en fonction de la saturation. Avec les grains fins, la perméabilité décroît avec la même vitesse.
La dernière partie est une étude numérique sur le champ Mallik. Après avoir posé les équations décrivant les transferts massiques et de chaleur dans l'espace et au cours du temps, nous étudions un cas limite unidimensionnel. Ceci nous permet de voir l'influence de la courbe 'Perméabilité = f(saturation)' obtenue expérimentalement sur la quantité de gaz produite. Le code proposé permet également d'évaluer différents scénarios de production, dont la dépressurisation assistée par formation de glace.
Nguyen, The Anh. "Acoustic waves in porous media : numerical study of wave propagation in porous media with one or many mineral components : applications to real Fontainebleau and STATOIL samples". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2015PA066205.pdf.
Texto completoThe purpose of this Ph.D. thesis is to study acoustic waves in porous media. The homogenization theory (Boutin and Auriault, 1990; Malinouskaya, 2007; Li, 2010) is used together with the lattice models such as LBM, LSM, LSM2S, LBM-LSM, LBM-LSM2S in order to determine the macroscopic properties, the acoustic velocities, the attenuation effects in Fontainebleau samples with two components (pore and quartz) and in STATOIL samples with three components (pore, quartz and clay). Three problems are studied numerically in this work. The first problem is devoted to characterizations of samples; this is done with the determination of the porosity and of the correlation functions with the corresponding Fourier components (Adler, 1992; Nguyen, 2013). The second one addresses wave propagation in dry samples; the velocities are derived from the effective stiffness tensor C(eff) which can be calculated by LSM (Pazdniakou, 2012) or LSM2S. The third one corresponds to samples saturated by incompressible or compressible fluids; the velocities can be obtained from the Christoffel equation after determining C(eff) , the dynamic permeability K and the reactions to fluid pressure α and β. For Fontainebleau samples, the calculations are performed with basic existing models such as LSM, LBM, LBM-LSM. These basic models are extended to solids with multiple components; they are validated by comparisons with others (Nemat-Nasser and Iwakuma, 1982; Torquato, 1998, 2000; Cohen, 2004). The velocities, the effective bulk and shear modulus of all the dry samples as well as the velocities and the attenuation effected in saturated samples are determined. These results are in good agreement compared with existing models and results, such as the IOS model of Arns (1996), the empirical models of Nur et al. (1991), Krief (1990) and with Gassmann’ s model. The numerical results are slightly larger than the experimental data of Han (1986) and Gomez et al. (2010); the origin of this small discrepancy has been tentatively analyzed, but its cause has not been unambiguously identified
Batany, Stéphane. "Influence d’un macropore sur l’écoulement et le transport de solutés en milieu poreux : expérimentations sur sol modèle macroporé et simulations numériques". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1085/document.
Texto completoFlow and transport modeling through porous media is of primary concern nowadays, especially in order to progress in the understanding of pollutant transfers through soils. Soils present frequently heterogeneities such as macropores (caused by fauna, flora or cracks) and several numerical models use double or multi permeability concepts in order to take into account all flow types that may exist in such porous systems. Nevertheless, classical models seem underestimate the macropore effect on preferential flow and transport by restricting the preferential flow zone only to the volume occupied by the macroporosity. Various experimental studies prior to this thesis have questioned this hypothesis. This study proposes to understand the establishment of preferential flow and transport and in particular the mechanism of flow and solute exchanges between a synthetic macropore and a surrounding porous matrix in saturated condition. For this purpose, water tracing are realized for a model porous media constituted by glass beads, crossed by a synthetic macropore and implemented in laboratory columns. Breakthrough and transport in columns are characterized by monitoring the concentration at the end of the column by magnetic nuclear resonance. A numerical model developed on the basis of lattice-Boltzmann method is used to simul ate flow in macroporous system and identify preferential flow mechanisms at pore scale. Experimental data show that tracer transport is strongly dependent on injection flow rate and the diffusion coefficient in water. At high flow rate, the transport seems to occur exclusively in the macropore, with very little masse exchange with the porous matrix. At lower flow rates, the breakthrough exhibits an inflexion followed by a peak. The MRI images show a significant mass exchange of tracer between the macropore and the surrounding porous matrix. The numerical simulations are used to calculate the flow field in a porous system as a function of flow rate. They show that preferential flow is extended in porous matrix into a zone of same dimension the mean diameter of beads regardless of macropore size or injected flow rate, in the range of simulated flow rates. These experimental and numerical results show that macropore influence on transport should be extended through the surrounding porous matrix into a zone of the same size of grains diameter for flow and into a zone depending on diffusion coefficient as well as mean residence time of the studied tracer for solute transport
Amir, Laila. "Modèles couplés en milieux poreux : transport réactif et fractures". Phd thesis, Paris 9, 2008. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090061.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with numerical simulation of coupled models for flow and transport in porous media. We present a new method for coupling chemical reactions and transport by using a Newton-Krylov method, and we also present a model for in fractured media, based on a domain decomposition method that takes into account the case of intersecting fractures. This study is composed of three parts: the first part contains an analysis, and implementation, of various numerical methods for discretizing advection-diffusion problems, in particular by using operator splitting methods. The second part is concerned with a fully coupled method for modeling transport and chemistry problems. The coupled transport-chemistry model is described, after discretization in time, by a system of nonlinear equations. The size of the system, namely the number of grid points times the number a chemical species, precludes a direct solution of the linear system. To alleviate this difficulty, we solve the system by a Newton-Krylov method, so as to avoid forming and factoring the Jacobian matrix. In the last part, we present a model of flow in 3D for intersecting fractures, by using a domain decomposition method. The fractures are treated as interfaces between subdomains. We show existence and uniqueness of the solution, and we validate the model by numerical tests