Literatura académica sobre el tema "Mobilités urbaines – Environnement"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Mobilités urbaines – Environnement"
Toussaint, J. y S. Vareilles. "Handicap et reconquête de l'autonomie : réflexions autour du rapport entre convivialité des objets et autonomie des individus". Geographica Helvetica 65, n.º 4 (31 de diciembre de 2010): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-65-249-2010.
Texto completoCloutier, Marie-Soleil y Juan Torres. "L’enfant et la ville : notes introductoires". Enfances, Familles, Générations, n.º 12 (10 de septiembre de 2010): i—xv. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/044389ar.
Texto completoFillières-Riveau, Gauthier, Jean-Marie Favreau, Vincent Barra y Guillaume Touya. "Génération de cartes tactiles photoréalistes pour personnes déficientes visuelles par apprentissage profond". Revue Internationale de Géomatique 30, n.º 1-2 (enero de 2020): 105–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rig.2020.00104.
Texto completoNegron-Poblete, Paula y Sébastien Lord. "Marchabilité des environnements urbains autour des résidences pour personnes âgées de la région de Montréal : application de l’audit MAPPA". Cahiers de géographie du Québec 58, n.º 164 (9 de junio de 2015): 233–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1031168ar.
Texto completoBonvalet, Catherine y Jim Ogg. "Stratégies résidentielles et projets de retraite : le cas de Paris et d’une ville de banlieue". Diversité urbaine 11, n.º 1 (8 de febrero de 2012): 81–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1007745ar.
Texto completoMariani-Rousset, Sophie. "Temps de pause et design de mobilier urbain pour les personnes à mobilité réduite". Canadian Journal of Disability Studies 6, n.º 2 (28 de junio de 2017): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cjds.v6i2.354.
Texto completoDubiez, Emilien, Cédric Vermeulen, Jean-Philippe Tonneau, Timothée Yamba Yamba, Baby Mvolo y Adélaïde Larzillière. "Le paysage comme outil d'aménagement des terroirs villageois". BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 315, n.º 315 (1 de marzo de 2013): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2013.315.a20534.
Texto completoMenin, Aline, Sonia Chardonnel, Paule-Annick Davoine, Michael Ortega, Etienne Dublé y Luciana Nedel. "eSTIMe : une approche visuelle, interactive et modulable pour l’analyse multi-points de vue des mobilités quotidiennes". Geomatica, 27 de junio de 2020, 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/geomat-2020-0006.
Texto completoPagnac-Baudry, Héloïse. "Environnement urbain et marchabilité : l’exemple du quartier des Aubiers à Bordeaux". Environnement urbain 9 (26 de abril de 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1036214ar.
Texto completoLéglise, Isabelle. "Construction langagière de l’altérité de part et d’autre du fleuve Maroni : frontières, effacements des frontières et mises en frontières". Cahiers du plurilinguisme européen, n.º 11 (27 de julio de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.57086/cpe.1154.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Mobilités urbaines – Environnement"
Menin, Aline. "eSTIMe : un environnement de visualisation pour l'analyse multi-points de vue des mobilités quotidiennes". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALS010.
Texto completoThe research field of urban mobility aims at the observation and design of human trips within an urban environment, which information supports decision-making and problem solving within public policies. In this context, there are many experts -- not necessarily transportation specialists -- that need to handle more or less standardized urban data to extract synthetic and easily exploitable knowledge. Hence, public transportation agencies commonly conduct trip-based surveys to collect information about day-to-day travel of the population within a particular territory (i.e. where and when we travel), resulting in large and complex datasets which analysis requires crossing spatial, temporal, thematic and socioeconomic dimensions to enable discoveries of daily urban mobility patterns. This way, information visualization is a suitable approach to support the analysis of urban mobility data, since analysts do not have to learn sophisticated methods to interpret the data visualizations that come to reinforce their cognition and enable the discovery of unstructured insights within the data.Thereby, we propose a visualization framework to assist the analysis of urban mobility through indicators describing complementary objects of interest within the data that allow to address three categories of questions underlying the urban mobility phenomenon. A first question seeks to understand the daily traveling routine of a population and the resulting processes of exchange between places, which can be studied through the exploration of amounts, modalities, direction, and variation of travel flows and trips according to different socioeconomic aspects of individuals and land types. A second questioning concerns the temporal variation of population presence throughout a territory, which allows to understand the use of distinct locations by taking into account the socioeconomic characteristics of the people visiting it and the activities they carry out there. The third question seeks to explain the individuals' need of traveling by studying the temporal ordering of trips and activities of individuals (i.e. daily trajectories) within the spatial context of the territory.Our framework supports the derivation and visual exploration of indicators describing the territory, travel flows and trips, and daily trajectories, over multiple spatio-temporal resolutions and thematic attributes. Our visualization interface allows to disperse visual representations over multiple analytical displays, enabling users to customize the spatial arrangement of visualizations and indicators in meaningful ways according to the ongoing analysis. Furthermore, we propose a movement-based interaction based on the tilting of a tablet that allows to explore the temporal variation of indicators leveraging tactile and tangible input. The conception of our visualization approach followed an interactive evaluation process that consists of successive user-based evaluations aiming to refine a prototype in order to achieve user performance and satisfaction
Omrani, Hichem. "Développement d'une méthode et d'un outil d'aide à l'évaluation : application à la mobilité urbaine". Compiègne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007COMP1717.
Texto completoThese works problem consists in evaluating projects of transport starting from a set of criteria having different degrees of importance, in interaction and evaluated by heterogeneous sources of information (experts, surveys, sensors, model etc). The collected data are generally sullied with uncertainty and inaccuracy. To solve this problem of projects evaluation related to transportation, we propose a hybrid approach entitled HA4IA (Hybrid Approach for Impacts Assessment). It is based on the theory of the multi criteria analysis, fuzzy logic and belief theory. These theoretical frameworks present a favourable framework for the management of the vague and uncertain data. We propose also a tool (DeSSIA), based on the proposed approach. The approach was applied for several projects of transport implemented (in La Rochelle - France) within the framework of a European project (SUCCESS under CIVITAS program). The developed tool is based on a data-processing environment open source (R, PHP, Mapserver, Mapscript, Jpgraph, XHTML, Ajax etc). It makes it possible to evaluate various impacts related to urban mobility. The results of evaluation can be represented in the form of graphs (using the techniques of chart) or of maps (traffic, pollution, acoustics). The cartography makes it possible to represent the space-time distribution of the impacts presenting an additional geo-space tool of evaluation aid
Seppecher, Manon. "Mining call detail records to reconstruct global urban mobility patterns for large scale emissions calculation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LYSET002.
Texto completoRoad traffic contributes significantly to atmospheric emissions in urban areas, a major issue in the fight against climate change. Therefore, joint monitoring of road traffic and related emissions is essential for urban public decision-making. And beyond this kind of procedure, public authorities need methods for evaluating transport policies according to environmental criteria.Coupling traffic models with traffic-related emission models is a suitable response to this need. However, integrating this solution into decision support tools requires a refined and dynamic char-acterization of urban mobility. Cell phone data, particularly Call Detail Records, are an interesting alternative to traditional data to estimate this mobility. They are rich, massive, and available worldwide. However, their use in literature for systematic traffic characterization has remained limited. It is due to low spatial resolution and temporal sampling rates sensitive to communication behaviors.This Ph.D. thesis investigates the estimation of traffic variables necessary for calculating air emis-sions (total distances traveled and average traffic speeds) from such data, despite their biases. The first significant contribution is to articulate methods of classification of individuals with two distinct approaches of mobility reconstruction. A second contribution is developing a method for estimating traffic speeds based on the fusion of large amounts of travel data. Finally, we present a complete methodological process of modeling and data processing. It relates the methods proposed in this thesis coherently
Pouyanne, Guillaume. "Forme Urbaine et Mobilité Quotidienne". Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00071608.
Texto completoIraqi, Mehdi. "Approches théoriques pour une optimisation géométrique des formes urbaines : vers un aménagement fractal de la ville". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC027/document.
Texto completoThis thesis aims to establish a urban structure that optimizes inhabitant's preferences. In other words, we want to find out which city shape answers the best the residents' aspirations, according to their consumption preferences for urban and green amenities. By considering a theoretical field of study and by characterizing the population by a Cobb-Douglas behavioral pattern, we will build step by step a city, assuming successive arrivais of new individuals, in order to find out which geometric shape gives the most suitable answer. The final goal of this thesis is there to suggest a city with a fractal shape as an appro- priate answer to the resident's expectations. We will show that this structure provides indeed both a balance between accesses to urban amenities and accesses to green amenities and a balance between amenities and budget, with an effective distance compensation that satisfies the overall exigencies of the city
Francois, Cyrille. "Évaluation environnementale stratégique de la mobilité quotidienne des personnes d’une aire urbaine : couplage entre Modèle Transport-Urbanisme et Analyse de Cycle de Vie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSET002.
Texto completoBy considering social, spatial and technological dimensions of people’s daily mobility, this thesis aims to develop an original environmental assessment method. In the recent years, passenger travel, as well as freight transportation, have grown significantly. Car is now the predominant mode of passenger transport and its impacts on environment, land-use planning, lifestyle and economy are well documented and at the centre of heated academic and political debates. The environmental assessment of peoples’ daily mobility requires an integrated approach to account for the transport system, but also the urban system in which it operates. In order to achieve this, this thesis introduces a method coupling two tools developed in two distinct scientific fields - land-use planning and environmental sciences: on the one hand, Land-Use and Transport Interaction models (LUTI) and, on the other hand, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methods. Together, these tools can account for both technological processes involved in daily mobility, as well as interactions among stakeholders and territories. Throughout this thesis, the chosen evaluation framework is a strategic one, meaning that mobility is assessed through global and local environmental indicators on a large territory for medium and long-term alternatives. We describe the global context and the general approach in the first section of the thesis. The second part describes the SIMBAD-LCA method, which involves the integration of the LUTI model SIMBAD with a LCA method, in order to assess environmental impacts of the daily mobility of inhabitants in the Lyon urban area. The third part aims to illustrate the evaluation capability of the method in two steps. First, through a multicriteria assessment executed on disaggregated objects such as households and territories. Then, contrasted scenarios are built to assess broad and diversified alternatives. Finally, using the SIMBAD-LCA method, effects of technological, urban form and socio-economic parameters on environmental impacts associated with daily mobility are compared and discussed
Baldisser, Emeric. "Environnement de réalité augmentée pour la conception, la gestion et la maintenance d’ouvrages et de mobiliers urbains". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0027/document.
Texto completoIn the public construction field, surveyors have to manipulate sophisticatedinstruments and maps to design CAD and GIS sketches describing geolocated facilities tobuild on worksite. Geolocation and design inaccuracies happen during these steps and leadto false technical maps. This Ph.D. thesis explains our research works made on behalf ofSIG-IMAGE Company. We first identify origins of inaccuracies during survey, then wepropose a new and optimized survey method that improves CAD and GIS accuracy on field.We explain to what extend Augmented Reality is able to improve technical mapsinterpretation and edition. We present, evaluate and criticize a prototype that couples atangible AR environment with a laser range finder. It allows one to draw technical sketcheson a 2D tangible real time view of worksites. Experiments have proven that it does not satisfyFrench regulation in terms of accuracy when editing maps. However it is accurate enough todisplay and edit GIS information, as well as CAD maps in a very close area. We then exploreanother approach consisting of matching the scanner’s dense point cloud with the real time2D view of the worksite. We propose a synthesis of alignment practices between point cloudsand images of a same scene. Finally we have chosen to explore 2D-2D registration so thatinteractions in our AR system would be based on the point cloud pre-processed discreterepresentation of the worksite. These interactions will be geolocated and will follow thePicking-Outlining-Annotating paradigm
Rynning, Maja karoline. "Towards a Zero-Emission Urban Mobility Urban design as a mitigation strategy, harmonizing insights from research and practice". Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ISAT0020/document.
Texto completoThe doctoral thesis explores how urban design can be a mobility-mitigation strategy to promote the use of zero-emission modes such as walking, cycling, and public transport. What is the potential contribution of neighbourhood-scale built-environment interventions towards a sustainable modal shift? The work explores the experience-based knowledge of urban design practitioners (urban planners and designers, architects, landscape architects) as a source for new insights, complementary to those of research. A mixed-methods approach was employed in France and in Norway, consisting of workshops, interviews, and a survey. The results were crossed with findings from research and design literature, analyzed from an interdisciplinary, holistic perspective. The results show that achieving a permanent modal shift requires the use of zero-emission choices to be both possible and pleasurable. The influence of urban design is likely most significant during trips, when a person moves through a city and its public spaces. Interactions with the neighbourhood-scale built environment influences overall travel satisfaction, and the remembered trip experience matters for future modal choices. Modal choices are highly individual; people’s barriers for a zero-emission choice vary. Urban design interventions can help lower these, through bigger or smaller measures
Rocci, Anaïs. "De l'automobilité à la multimodalité ? : analyse sociologique des freins et leviers au changement de comportements vers une réduction de l'usage de la voiture : le cas de la région parisienne et perspective internationale". Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00194390.
Texto completoBulteau, Julie. "La mobilité durable en zone urbaine : efficacité et perspectives des politiques d'environnement". Phd thesis, Nantes, 2009. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=d3dbb26b-b715-47f7-a8d9-60b3c23823a6.
Texto completoThis research deals with economic policies of sustainable urban transport for travellers. The interest lies in the use of environmental economics instruments and their application to transport economics. The main aim of this work is to compare urban toll with tradable emissions permits system. The first part presents the literature and the second describes the development of microeconomic models. In the first approach, I assess the efficiency, experiments, modelling relevance of both tools, and I compare their results. The purpose of the first part is to establish if a tool is better at obtaining sustainable mobility than the other. From a theoretical point of view, no instrument is better than the other. The second part focuses on modelling. I adjust the standard traffic bottleneck model in order to better adapt the urban toll to the theme of sustainable transport. I add two extensions: the car’s environmental cost and a modal policy to encourage modal split. I then develop a new tradable emissions permits system for urban motorists. Analytical and numerical model’s results show both instruments feasibility and efficiency. Important variables in the models must be taken into account: the value of time, the fixed costs of collective transport and environmental knowledge. These variables will indeed impact on the tools’ success
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Mobilités urbaines – Environnement"
MASSON, Damien. "Mobilités urbaines sensibles : expériences et usages des ambiances". En Les transports et leurs lieux, 181–204. ISTE Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9174.ch7.
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