Tesis sobre el tema "Militaires – Algérie – Mémoire collective"
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Walin, Manon. "Mourir pour la France en Algérie : armée, État et familles face aux morts de l’armée française pendant la guerre d'Algérie (1954- années 2010)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2024. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2024/2024PA100027/2024PA100027.pdf.
Texto completoDuring the Algerian War, almost 30,000 men died under French flag. However, in France, this war was never declared. The government's official communication confined itself to referring to operations to maintain order, so as not to give legitimacy to Algerian nationalist demands. As a result, these deaths took place under a peacetime legal regime, which had multiple consequences for their institutional and symbolic management. Our work follows their journey, from their death to their remembrance, in order to grasp all the issues they raise for French institutions and society. The Army, the State and the families are brought into dialogue to make visible the different dimensions of death.The Franco-Algerian conflict was asymmetrical, with relatively few deaths on the French side compared with previous wars in the country. This low lethality gives death a singular contour, that of a death that might not have happened. But the French army still had to deal with a very frequent, even massive, death toll: the institution and its players implemented processes and practices to manage the dead, both logistically and symbolically. Deceased servicemen were collected, buried and then honoured at an initial funeral ceremony, before being returned to their families. During the Algerian war, almost all the bodies of French army servicemen were returned to their families. While this practice was part of a tradition established after the First World War, its implementation in this context was complicated: as the conflict took place in peacetime, it was primarily the Ministry of Defence that took charge, whereas in wartime this role fell to the Ministry of Veterans' Affairs. This situation gave rise to logistical and administrative difficulties, forcing the institutions to adapt and redefine their areas of responsibility.In the rear, during the war, French society - in Algeria as in mainland France - received news of the death of combatants. This information disrupted the official line of communication, which maintained that there was no war in Algeria. After trying to minimise their visibility (1956-1958), the civil and military institutions ended up reintegrating the dead into official communication. They adopted a tightrope-walking rhetoric aimed at normalising them by honouring them as war dead, thereby meeting the expectations of civil society. Public opinion was sometimes sensitive to the deaths of servicemen in Algeria, who were mainly conscripts, but the periods of indignation were fairly limited, and only the Communists consistently denounced these deaths. French society was still used to war deaths, and the Algerian war did not call into question the acceptance of the principle of patriotic sacrifice, despite its unique context. Instead, demands were made for these dead to be treated as war dead: under this pressure, their final funerals were gradually organised as public funerals, like those of First World War servicemen. It was in the context of this dialogue and in response to society's expectations that recognition and remembrance of the dead were also developed during and after the war. This was initially the responsibility of civil society, before finally being taken on in part by the public authorities several decades after the end of the conflict. The specific context of the Algerian War, that of a war denied, weighed heavily on the memory of its dead, but also, as our work ultimately shows, on the way in which the families of the deceased combatants dealt with the death and mourning of their loved ones
Juin, Claude. "La guerre d'Algérie (après un demi-siècle) : la mémoire enfouie des soldats du contingent : des jeunes gens ordinaires confrontés à l'intolérable". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0003.
Texto completoHalf a century passed since the end of the Algéria war. The generation of young conscripts called up for the national and involved in this conflict, has lived a distortded memory. Why 20 years old "ordinary" young men, has perpetrated, or had been passive witness of various exactions (tortures or summary executions). We have to investigate about their education, forged in the republican ideas of Human Rights and the spirit of Resistance. But nevertheless, from wich part this education could have arisen that strong feeling of scorn againts the Muslim population ? Should we have seen a discrimination there attributed to racism and why ? Then, we have examined how a repressive policy, could have led all these young people in arm and supposed to restore order, to perpetrate crimes and how some of them gave to their "instinct of destruction". We have tried analyse soldiers' acts and behaviours from determining factors such as : submission to orders, fright, revenge, frustration, fulfilment of duty. . . Finally we have explored the effects of "matters of counscience" that a generalized policy of "no law : the one of "pacification" could generate
Bellil, Rachid. "Traditions orales, mémoire collective et rapport au passé chez les Zénètes du Gourara (Sahara algérien)". Paris, INALCO, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INAL0014.
Texto completoBridji, Fateh. "Les appelés de la guerre d'Algérie : sociologie d'une mémoire". Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT3009.
Texto completoThe memory of the conscripts during the Algerian War is apprehended from sociologically built up problematics. The first part of the thesis tries to define the colonial, military and warlike triple context. As far as the conscripts' experience could only be analysed if reintroduced in this context perspective, the second part of this work consists in the confrontation of the resuts given by the first one and obtained by the historians with those coming from an original interview. Hence, their specific position within the "civilian" social structure and the military resocialization they had to undergo have particularly subjected these young conscripts to State censure. The effects of symbolic violence legitimately exercised by the State and guarantor for official representation of past and present reality (as objective History), thus, operate the agreement between the State control censure and the silence of former young conscripts about a long repressed past
Semati, Asma. "Les relations franco-algériennes dans la presse indépendante d'expression française (2007-2009) : mémoire collective, mémoire discursive et discours médiatique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Besançon, 2016. http://indexation.univ-fcomte.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/5a957e45-55fc-422d-87f5-ee435d73f1c2.
Texto completoUsing the concepts and analysis methods of speech, taking inconsideration the textometry to specify tbhistorical context, political and mediatheque. This thesis suggests to indicate throughout 783 french speakin algerian press articals, how the painful collective memory, caused by the colonisation and war, come up to mention the current relationship between France and Algeria. In four independant local newspapers emerging from the freedom of speech initated in the 90s, El watan, Le Quotidien d'Oran. Liberté and l'Expression, the study of this period is a « discursive moment » contained by two presidential elections, one in France (N. Sarkozy in 2007), the other in Algeria (A. Bouteflika reelected in 2009). Varying the different angles of analysis (content analysis, enunsiative analysis, argument-based analysis, textometry), bring out a general overview for the different elements and micro--corpus considered. In a perspective of dominante enonciativ and discursive, the related titles to the french nuclear testing in the 60s are investigated and the designation of events (« the war of Algeria », « 8th of May 1945 ») and the protagonists . A contextual analysis of the comparative and argumentative content about the different treatment of the four newspapers of some propose events. The exploration of the textometry will complete the analysis
Buono, Clarisse. "Pieds-noirs d'Algérie et descendants : du devoir de mémoire au travail de deuil identitaire". Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0089.
Texto completoThe collective memory of the french algerians appears to be the base of an old identity, perpetuated now for over a century. This thesis, which studies the construction of the different categories of identification of french algerians and their descendants, shows that it is not the case. The identity of the french algerian came about with repatriation. It is not only recent but also temporary because it is based on untransmissible bases, a singular collective memory. Studying how this identity is composed and taken apart, it becomes clear that only elements specific to an identity of "repatriated french algerains" (and no longer of pieds-noirs) could exist in the reconstruction of an identity of pieds-noirs descendants. This reconstruction, transmitted on an ideal of multicultural democracy, will not be possible if it is not done through a successful process of mourning. For, the challenge for the pied-noir descendant is not to try to integrate or not his parents' community, but to rebuild himself on that community's ruins or even to destroy it. The children cannot adopt an identity based on a pied-noir collective memory because that memory owes its very existence to elements that exclude them. The only way for the latter to procure a serene identity is to inherit a "re-worked", "non-nostalgic" parental memory from so-called "modern reconstructor" pieds-noirs
Bevilacqua, Elisabetta. "L'Algérie natale entre désenchantement et nostalgie : écritures plurielles de l'exil". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0060/document.
Texto completoThe main aim of this research is to study the evolution of Algerian Francophone literature after independence proposing a new classification criterion which goes beyond the concept that North African literature in French language only consists of authors whose mother tongue is Arabic or Berber. The panorama of Algerian Francophone literature is indeed characterized by an extremely heterogeneous variety of productions: it is not only Arab and Berber authors who produce a remarkable literature, but Jewish and Pieds-Noirs writers as well. This study focuses on the plurality of the Algerian Francophone literature, highlighting the characteristics of every single cultural-specific production, i.e. the Arab-Berber, the Jewish and the Pied-Noir one, and asserting that each one has an overall consistency. The analysis is actually based on the hypothesis that every literary production presents specific thematic and stylistic levels, so that no one is reducible to another. The examined corpus consists of six novels written in French by writers born in Algeria during the colonization and exiled in France after 1962, each of them belonging to a specific cultural group: the Jewish writer Albert Bensoussan (Frimaldjézar, 1976, and L’échelle de Mesrod, 1984), the Pied-Noir novelist Alain Vircondelet (Maman la blanche, 1981, and Alger l’amour, 1982) and the Arab writer Mohammed Dib (Dieu en barbarie, 1971, and Le maître de chasse, 1973)
Hureau, Joëlle. "Du devenir au souvenir : la mémoire collective des Français d'Algérie : 1830-1987". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990IEPP0016.
Texto completoAmongst many of the varied outlets, literature has been chosen to portray the collective memories of the French Algerian people. This undefined community produced writers who were to reflect its ambiguity. If the literary works which came to the fore from 1830 to 1987 are analysed, four periods can be distinguished. As the Algerian conquest by the french progressed (1830-1847), new experiences and memories were being developed. These were based on the varied cultural backgrounds of the people and on the entirely new circumstances. The overall theme was that their new land could be both dangerous and promising. However from 1848 to 1895 their collective memories seem to consolidate irrespective of the conquest now completed. These new works emphasize the need for harmony despite their heterogenous backgrounds but violent riots (1864-1881) were to defy this viewpoint. From 1896 to 1954, the themes become more constant and allow the differentiation of two groups: "Algerians" - this literaly refers the french or Europeans-and the "natives", not easily integrated with the new "Algerians". Finally their long established memories are shattered by Algeria's war (1954- 1962). Yet this war initiates a new process of memorisation based on individuals and associations
Alcaraz, Emmanuel. "Les lieux de mémoire de la guerre d'indépendance algérienne : le Musée national de mujâhid, le Musée central de l'armée, les monuments aux "martyrs", Ifri Ouzellaguen, la prison Barberousse / Serkadji et El Djorf". Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131019.
Texto completoThis work consists of studying the Algerian memory of the war for independence using the approach of realms of memory. Is there any official memory of the Algerian war for independence in the National Museum of the Mujâhid and in the Central Museum of the Army? Is it more relevant to talk about “daily management of the national memory under surveillance”? This official memory is marked by “the culture of war. ”It is associated with “the culture of the suffering”. Is national memory the only product of a DIY ideology associating the populist memory of the Algerian war for independence to the religious memory of the djihâd? This national memory is implemented locally through “monuments aux martyrs” with the glorification of a pantheon of local heroes. This work is also interested in realms of history. In Kabylia, in Ifri Ouzellaguen, the first congress of the FLN took place in the valley of Soummam, to be precise. It is a site where the national memory and dissident memories confront, especially the memory of the Berber cultural movement. Besides, several places of torture and detention for Algerian nationalists are forgotten. Why is the Barberousse/Serkadji prison in Algiers an exception and has become a national symbol in Algeria? A realm of memory for an important battle which was forgotten for a long time, El Djorf, in the Aurès Nemenchas, in September, 1955, illustrates “Dien Bien Phu's syndrome”, the regret of not having gained a decisive battle within the framework of the “war of memories. " This thesis aims at opening reflections on relationships between commemorative process and state legitimization
Lahlou, Abdelhak. "Poésie orale kabyle ancienne. Histoire sociale, Mémoire orale et création poétique". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0113.
Texto completoUntil the middle of the twentieth century, Kabyle literature was essentially oral and was mainly expressed in the poetic genre. If tales, fables, legends and other mythical narratives were another way by which the Kabyle people expressed their genius, it remains that poetry was the matrix of their culture and the receptacle of their history. The Kabyle poetry, more than an art that has to transfigure reality, has the role of rendering this reality, interpreting it and clarifying it to give meaning to the historical and political events.The object of our research is to start from the earliest poetic production as it came to us by the collections of Adolphe Hanoteau (1867), Amar-Ou-Saïd Boulifa (1904), Belkacem Bensedira (1887) Jean Amrouche (1988) and the considerable sum established by Mouloud Mammeri (1969, 1980, 1989) in order to examine the cultural horizon of Kabylia through the study of its oral poetry
Kydjian, Maïlys. "Mémoires croisées : retour sur l'expérience coloniale et la guerre d'indépendance à travers trois générations d' "Algériens", "Harkis" et "Pieds Noirs"". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20062/document.
Texto completoProtagonists of the French-Algerian History, as well as their descendants, which occupied antagonistic positions during the independence war, cohabit in France nowadays. They are commonly called « Algerians », « Harkis » and « Black Feet people ». This thesis presents a cross-study of memorial construction processes after the Algerian Independence War within these three socio-historical groupes. Family history narratives have been confronted to History written by historians. The corpus is composed of persons born during the colonial period, having experienced the war and the migrations towards France, as well as their children and grandchildren.We examine the mechanisms of transmiting memories and their re-appropriation by individuals belonging to these three generations. We take into account families relationships and their transnational dimension. By crossing these memories, the relevance of the socio-historical categories is questioned, checking whether they reflect a memorial construction or a sense of belonging. These memories, often in opposition to each other, take part of a common national narrative into which people don’t completely identify themselves. We are also interested in the representations of oneself and otherness as an outcome of French-Algerian history and in their consequences on current social cohesion
Fouil, Athmane. "Les usages des espaces publics entre dispositions sociales et dispositifs spatiaux : Les habitants d'Ouled Djellal et leurs émigrés". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSES044.
Texto completoMy research is at the cross of a set of complex issues that are the genesis and the practices of the collective memory, the places charged of social signification, and the spaces being social frames of the memory (M Halbwachs). It is a question of shared individual motivations, through which the collective memory is maintained and finds different translations,married up every time to a new situation, where the members of the collective are gathered. A dynamic where the space,the religion and even the language will be only tools, mobilized to build and keep the memory alive. Thus, I use an expanding literature seeking to show the extreme importance of understanding this collective memory, of factors such as the location, the social link and the narrative experience (Blokland, 2001; Mistral, 2003).The researchis based upon immigrants from the same algerian hometown, located about 400 km from the capital Algiers (south of Algiers), who gathered mainly in the suburbs south of Lyon and others in Algiers. Since the beginning of the20th century, several generations of immigrants have corne successively to Lyon and Algiers, leaving its mark on the urban, social and even political landscape of their location. Without any apparent organization, or any protocol bequeathed by their ancestors, all of them have shown a socio-spatial ubiquity that goes strongly with the original hometown. Through the research, I have been confronted to a number of memory practices that consisted in commuting between the present and the past, the individual and the collective
Muyl, Marie. "Les Français d'Algérie : socio-histoire d'une identité". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00379484.
Texto completoBoutemedjet, Anissa. "Imagerie et quartier, entre pratiques des populations et action publique : le cas de la ville d'Annaba en Algérie". Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR1501.
Texto completoThe efficiency of the representations to work in the dynamic socio-space ones and their crystallization through a strong imagery constitute with our direction a fertile object of research to understand the urban fact. Our reflection relates to the imagery of two districts to Annaba, Kouba and the Allemands, respectively representative of the collective units carried out within the framework of the Plan of Constantine in 1958 and the ZHUN in the years 1980. Identity constructions which are attached there are largely related to the urban history and in the conditions of their settlement, the first shelters mainly executives, technicians, the second reflects a kind of space proximity between the same type of population and the disaster victim coming from the slums and medina. Thus, we consider that to seize the contrasted imagery characterizing these spaces, would give access logics the base, as well of the urban actions initiated by the authorities, as modes of appropriation of the populations of these districts through their residential route, their mobilities, their uses, their social interactions and their relations at the city
Hammi, Arab. "Tamurt : un paysage emblématique et représentatif : la cas des proverbes kabyles". Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA1008.
Texto completoThe term Tamurt in the Berber (Amazigh) culture is endowed with many acceptances : it habitually designates a set of people possessing the same identity, a region or territory structured by the same language, and the same origin ; it is also related to the land, landscape or space and to what is present in the same entity : the values, traditions, or systems of organization.The Kabyl proverbs illustrate this polysemy in a good way and they still at this time and age have their entire place in the every day life of the inhabitants of Tifrit Nait Oumalek village situated in the Akfadou Mount near Tizi-Ouzou . The monography that we have realised supported by a survey that associates in situ observations, semi-directive interviews, and questionnaires suggests to clarify, through the analysis of the processes of transmission and identification, the relations with tradition and modernity.The rereading of the Mohandien poetry and that of the more contemporary writings of Mouloud Feraoun, Mouloud Mammeri, or Ait Menguellet enriches the discussion and permits to better apprehend the question of orality, symbolism, and intergeneration dynamics
Gilet, Myriam. "La mort des grands officiers militaires français, du règne de Charles V à la fin de l’Ancien Régime : réalités macabres et représentations corporelles". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30096.
Texto completoThe deaths of constables, Admirals and Marshals of France, whether renowned or long forgotten, were abundantly written about in the Ancien Régime. They nourished reflection of their contemporaries who paid attention to the appearance of their bodies wounded at war, murdered or stamped by disease and old age, and to how their corpses were disposed of. Through deadly violence some of them were the target of, post-mortem breaches to their bodily integrity (actions aiming at destroying or preserving their bodies) and through corpse’s handling, these remarkable deaths illustrate the special and ambiguous relationship these representatives of the Crown and military chiefs of the nobility had with the Sovereign Power, caught between their duty and the defence of their identity and rights. They shed light on the story of a turbulent submission of the military elite and the nobility to the monarchical centralization in France and the higher Reason of the State from the end of the Middle Ages to the end of Modern Times. The stakes of these deaths, the discourses and imaginaries that stamped their remembrance and their bodies are examined to the light of the corpse’s treatment, whether known or idealized, of nobiliary values, and of practices and representations of war and power
Ben, Aziza Wafa. "L'écriture de l'histoire ou l'écriture de la mémoire, dans Les Figuiers de Barbarie et Hôtel Saint-Georges, de Rachid Boudjedra". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3101.
Texto completoThe History of Algeria is a recurring theme Boudjedra’s work. It refers to the individual and collective memories induced by war. Through a subversive writing, Boudjedra mixes the memorial and the fictional elements. He is not trying to be a historian but he’s trying to make a rereading of the history. By returning to the memory of their country, characters are allowed to redact their consecutive emotions to the haunting of a past that did not pass. Nevertheless, inherent trauma of the war of Algeria remains permanent. This representation of a historical memory characterizes Boudjedra’s writing project based on flashbacks, digressions and anachronisms. The History is in the heart of Boudjedra’s literary production in the sense that it focuses its reflection on the text which is written and remembered at the same time
Fabbiano, Giulia. "Des générations postalgériennes : discours, pratiques, recompositions identitaires". Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0038.
Texto completoThis thesis is an analysis of the identity of the descendents of formely colonized Algerians. First we investigate how the colonized indigenous people became either immigrants or harkis once the moved to France. Then, after having studied how the political reality affects the subsequent generational development of both immigrants and harkis, we discuss the identifying traits of the different heritages. The descendants of the immigrants and those of the harkis not only identify them-selves with those two groups, but also have contradictory views of history. Nevertheless, they intermingle, and even intermarry. Immigrants and harkis in close relationships must come to terms with their different heritage in order to overcome their conflicting interpretations of their shared history. We conclude debating if such a shared history can be written
Goudal, Émilie. "La France face à son histoire : les artistes plasticiens et la guerre d’Algérie, de 1954 a nos jours". Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100011.
Texto completoFrom 1954 to 1962, the Independence War or Algerian War — depending on whether the story is narrated from the perspective of the victors or the defeated — touched many generations of international artist, while also penetrating and pushing aesthetic questions about representations of the unspeakable. By tracing the scar of this break between France and Algeria through the prism of art, this thesis reveals the importance of a crucial historical moment, hitherto unexamined by art history, which continues to bear upon contemporary politics in France. Offering exploratory themes not only to a generation of budding artists who affirmed their social and artistic commitments during the events of Mai 68, but also to artists from postcolonial world who proclaimed a modernity without hierarchy and the writing of unsaid histories, the Algerian War produced some of the fundamental issues underpinning the contemporary French and Algerian art worlds. With the historic prescription of a fifty years’ deferral now being over, the conflicted memories of the French defeat continue to trouble the undisturbed writing and exhibition of this sequence of historical events, formative key to construction of contemporary France. Consequently, this study proposes a critical examination of the representation of this “non history” in the French museum. In so doing, it estimates the impact of a “non-consensual” history on contemporary artistic practice touched by issues of memory and politics, and which interrogate notions of identity(ies)