Tesis sobre el tema "Migration et Emballages alimentaires"
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Reynier, Alain. "Modelisation et prediction de la migration des additifs des emballages alimentaires". Reims, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REIMS004.
Texto completoIssart, Ambre. "Potentiel d'antioxydants naturels pour la stabilisation de polymères pour emballages alimentaires et le développement de méthodes pour évaluer leur migration". Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU3019.
Texto completoPlastic packagings are notorious for the increased pollution they cause. The direct effects on humans are mainly due to the migration of compounds from plastic to the foods it contains. These compounds have various origins: additives, impurities, degradation products, uncontrolled reactions… For lack of being able to stop this migration, we chose to take advantage of it with new materials, called active materials. The objectives of these materials are to extend the shelf life of foods through a so-called “positive” migration. However, the use of natural additives is complicated due to their poor resistance to temperature. The problem is therefore to find natural additives resistant to the polymers’ extrusion temperatures, while stabilizing them. It is in this context that my thesis topic was set up within the Foodyplast project (POCTEFA). The thesis is divided into four parts. A state of the art is first presented. The following chapter details the various techniques used to produce and characterize our materials and the development of a new method based on mass spectrometry (LESA-MS). The third chapter discusses in detail the implementation of new materials stabilized by natural additives and their physico-chemical characterization. We have shown that the joint use of these additives (alpha tocopherol/ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol/tannins) significantly increases the stabilization effect on the polymer matrix (patented innovation). These materials have also shown to be recyclable up to 9 times without degradation. Finally, the last chapter potential of the new LESA-MS method (developed in Chapter 2) for its efficient of our materials. This method is compared to that of the current European standard and opens up real prospects for performing analyses in polymers for different applications
Bastardo-Fernandez, Isabel. "Vers une fiabilité améliorée de la détermination de (nano)particules de TiO2 par single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry : application à la caractérisation des aliments et aux études de migration". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Maisons-Alfort, École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ENVA0001.
Texto completoThis PhD project aims primarily to improve the reliability of the characterisation of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and to gain knowledge of the food additive E171 and in real-life applications such as migration of these NPs from food packaging. In the first part of the study (to be carried out at Anses), a new approach for TiO2 NPs characterisation will be developed and optimized by using the single particle approach in combination with inductively coupled plasma-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (Sp-ICP-QQQMS). For this purpose, the most critical analytical parameters, such as the transport efficiency (TE) calculation methods and the sample introduction system will be assessed under different working conditions (e.g. reaction gas, choice of isotope). In the latter case, two high efficiency sample introduction systems (APEX type) will be critically compared. Further, a complementary Sp approach based on ICP-high resolution MS (Sp-ICP-HRMS) will be developed at LNE. The novelty in this case will be the use of a high resolution (magnetic sector field) ICP-MS for detection, which is the state-of-the art technique for trace and ultra-trace metals determination of highly interfered elements such as the case of Ti. An in-house injection system will also be optimized to increase the transport efficiency and sensitivity. Method validation by inter-laboratory comparison between LNE and ANSES will be achieved here. A truly added value of the project will be the assessment of the measurement uncertainty related to TiO2 NPs characterization by both Sp-ICP-MS (QQQ and HR) approaches. The uncertainty calculations will take into account, not only the experimental reproducibility and the uncertainties of each variables required to convert ICP-MS signal into NPs size and concentration, but also and for the first time, the effect of the choice of the cut-off to discriminate the ICP-MS ionic signal from that of NPs. The effect of deviations from the spherical shape on the sizes will also be explored and compared with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which is the reference method for NPs characterisation. The project also aims at the preparation and exhaustive characterization of a real-life (food additive) reference material containing TiO2 nanoparticles. A feasibility study of the development of an E171-based RM under a suspension form will be carried out. For this purpose, a representative E171 sample will be prepared and fully characterized by a panel of complementary techniques, such as SEM, Sp-ICP-QQQ MS, Sp-ICP-HRMS, X-ray diffraction (XRD) to accurately assess the main parameters of interest, such as the median and mean diameter, size distribution, fraction of nanoparticles, chemical impurities and crystallographic fraction. Finally, both analytical approaches developed at Anses and LNE, including the developed method for global uncertainty assessment, will be applied to the study of the transfer of TiO2 NPs from food packaging. All along the project, the size data obtained by using the newly developed “single particle” based approaches for TiO2 NPs characterisation will be compared to SEM measurements, which is the reference method for size in this study field. Food packaging migration studies is indeed a selected case study where Sp-ICP-MS has the potential of supplying additional information compared to other instruments, such as: particle concentration, proportion of particulate vs. dissolved form, which are of importance for migration as well as to improve risk assessment studies
Nait-Ali, Kako Linda. "Le PET recyclé en emballages alimentaires : approche expérimentale et modélisation". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00292038.
Texto completoPailler, Christine. "Allergie cutanée aux constituants des emballages plastiques alimentaires et pharmaceutiques". Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON11136.
Texto completoNaït-Ali, Kako Linda. "Le PET recyclé en emballages alimentaires : approche expérimentale et modélisation". Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20023.
Texto completoGarcia, Contreras Antonio. "Foodyplast, des emballages plastiques alimentaires avec des additifs naturels et recyclables". Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0020/document.
Texto completoPlastics have now invaded our daily lives. They are the symbol of the consumer society, because they are considered a non-noble material: consumers equate it with a disposable product after use. Since plastics are not degradable, they represent a real danger to the environment, fauna and flora.The objective of this thesis work was to develop in collaboration with the Institute of Analytical Sciences and Physico-Chemistry for Environment and Materials (Pau University) new formulations with natural additives to produce resistant and recyclable plastics. Two types of resins were used: isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) and low density polyethylene (LDPE). Natural antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol and flaxseed oil were tested and encapsulated to improve their resistance to degradation. Thermal and rheological characterizations of resins have shown superior qualities to current commercial resins. We were able to demonstrate that the plastics obtained could be recycled 9 times without losing their characteristics. Tests with trays made with the developed products are underway to validate the developed models
Oriol, Christine. "Phénomènes de migration des additifs des films alimentaires à base de polychlorure de vinyle". Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10225.
Texto completoRivère, Cyril. "Manipulation et conception ergonomique des emballages de liquides alimentaires : Evaluations expérimentales de l'usage et approche biomécanique du geste d'utilisation". Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05S021.
Texto completoThe packaging industry, as many other industries, seeks to build its own representations of the consumer, in order for him to be taken into account in the design process. In this context, ergonomics contributes to produce data on the interaction between the consumer and packaging. The aim of our research is to set up a method aimed at understanding the use and the grasping criteria of beverage packaging, and to introduce it in the design process. Our method couples two approaches. Firstly, user tests were made to compare the use of different packaging materials and shapes. These tests are based on perception, performance, comfort and satisfaction criteria. In parallel, our second approach is focused on the biomechanical characteristics of the hand-bottle interaction, by transposing handtool study methods to packaging. Our main results concern the impact of bottle shape on grasping, the comparison of materials and their consequence on bottle use. Other results are given on the evaluation of grip features for over-size bottles. The biomechanical aspects of hand-bottle interaction give information on the modes of grasping, the functions of the hand during grasping, and user perception of this. This work has enable production of recommendation notice for the company
EL, MANSOURI HAFSA. "Apports et limites des methodes analytiques dans le controle des conditionnements en matieres plastiques a usage alimentaire (doctorat : pharmacochimie)". Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA114815.
Texto completoLimam, Monia. "Polymères pour l'emballage : Etude des échanges entre trois formes cristallines du polyéthylène téréphtalate et des liquides alimentaires aromatisés : Etudes et caractérisations de formulations à base de résine thermodurcissables pour boitages alimentaires". Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10094.
Texto completoRivere, Cyril. "Manipulation et conception ergonomique des emballages de liquides alimentaires. Evaluations expérimentales de l'usage et approche biomécanique du geste d'utilisation". Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00270600.
Texto completoYazoghli-Marzouk, Sonia. "Contribution à la valorisation des emballages alimentaires de post-consommation en polyéthylène téréphtalate et en polyéthylène haute densité : Etude de faisabilité et évaluation des performances physico-mécaniques, hydriques et thermiques". Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0527.
Texto completoKaram, Layal. "Etude des interactions aux interfaces entre peptides, matériaux et bactéries, pour la mise au point de surfaces antimicrobiennes et d’emballages alimentaires actifs". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10044.
Texto completoThe globalization of food trade and changes in lifestyles present new major challenges for food safety. Setting up active food packaging, via antimicrobial peptides adsorption on materials, is an innovative and proactive approach to improve the safety, quality and shelf-life of packaged foods. Peptides adsorption on surfaces and the antimicrobial activity of the functionalized materials depend mainly on surface properties, on surface treatments allowing the modification of such properties and on the peptides-materials-bacteria interactions. In this thesis, nisin, an antilisterial bacteriocin, produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis was used as the antimicrobial agent. The selected packaging was the low density polyethylene, a commonly used packaging in the food sector. Different cold plasma processes were optimized to develop surfaces with various characteristics and specific functionalities needed for the adsorption studies. Physico-chemical surface characterization techniques permitted from one side, to confirm the surface functionalization by surface treatments and by nisin and from another side, to study the surface interactions. The antimicrobial study was undertaken to compare and confirm the antimicrobial activity of the different treated packaging. This work was also carried out against some food pathogens and at refrigeration temperature in order to assess possible future food packaging applications
Pennarun, Pierre-Yves. "Migration à partir de bouteilles en PET recyclé. Elaboration et validation d'un modèle applicable aux barrières fonctionnelles". Phd thesis, Université de Reims - Champagne Ardenne, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010957.
Texto completoLa modélisation de la diffusion et de la migration ont permis de prédire ce temps de latence et donc, la période pendant laquelle l'emballage sera sûr. L'analyse numérique autorise une modélisation complète de tous les phénomènes de transports dans les polymères :
- diffusion au travers de la barrière fonctionnelle pendant la mise en œuvre des préformes en PET : le coefficient de diffusion est fonction de la température locale qui dépend du temps et de sa position dans l'épaisseur de la préforme (la diffusion de la température et de la matière sont calculées à partir des lois de Fourier et de Fick). Des paramètres cinétiques aux interfaces sont pris en compte dans les calculs.
- diffusion / migration des substances modèles au cours du contact avec l'aliment : le coefficient de diffusion des substances modèles est fonction de la concentration locale de l'aliment dans le polymère.
Les simulations sont comparées à des cas expérimentaux, incluant tous les types de contact possibles avec l'aliment, pour déterminer des diffusivités modèles. Pour cela, une liste de substances modèles couvrant la plupart des propriétés des substances chimiques (volatilité, polarité, solubilité dans l'eau, ... ) a été établie. Les diffusivités obtenues nous ont permis d'extrapoler et de surestimer les cinétiques de migration, quelle que soit la masse moléculaire des polluants potentiels, pour un contact direct avec l'aliment (bouteille monocouches et pour une migration au travers d'une barrière fonctionnelle (en PET ou dépôt plasma). Ces résultats participeront à l'élaboration de la législation européenne pour l'utilisation de PET recyclé en contact alimentaire.
Karam, Layal. "Etude des interactions aux interfaces entre peptides, matériaux et bactéries, pour la mise au point de surfaces antimicrobiennes et d’emballages alimentaires actifs". Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10044/document.
Texto completoThe globalization of food trade and changes in lifestyles present new major challenges for food safety. Setting up active food packaging, via antimicrobial peptides adsorption on materials, is an innovative and proactive approach to improve the safety, quality and shelf-life of packaged foods. Peptides adsorption on surfaces and the antimicrobial activity of the functionalized materials depend mainly on surface properties, on surface treatments allowing the modification of such properties and on the peptides-materials-bacteria interactions. In this thesis, nisin, an antilisterial bacteriocin, produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis was used as the antimicrobial agent. The selected packaging was the low density polyethylene, a commonly used packaging in the food sector. Different cold plasma processes were optimized to develop surfaces with various characteristics and specific functionalities needed for the adsorption studies. Physico-chemical surface characterization techniques permitted from one side, to confirm the surface functionalization by surface treatments and by nisin and from another side, to study the surface interactions. The antimicrobial study was undertaken to compare and confirm the antimicrobial activity of the different treated packaging. This work was also carried out against some food pathogens and at refrigeration temperature in order to assess possible future food packaging applications
Pennarun, Pierre-Yves. "Migration à partir de bouteilles en PET recyclé : Elaboration et validation d'un modèle applicable aux barrières fonctionnelle". Reims, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REIMS011.
Texto completoJuc, Liliana. "« ETUDE DES RISQUES LIES A L'UTILISATION DES PESTICIDES ORGANOCHLORES ET IMPACT SUR L'ENVIRONNEMENT ET LA SANTE HUMAINE »". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00330431.
Texto completoGarnier-Laplace, Jacqueline. "Etude des mécanismes de transfert de l'argent 110-m en eau douce : conception et exploitation d'un modèle expérimental d'écosystème et d'un modèle mathématique de simulation de la distribution du radioélément au sein d'une chaîne trophique". Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20225.
Texto completoSalesse, Kevin. "Archéo-biogéochimie isotopique, reconstitutions des régimes alimentaires et des schémas de mobilité, et interactions bioculturelles. Les sépultures plurielles de la catacombe des Saints Pierre-et-Marcellin (Rome, Ier-IIIe s. ap. J.-C.) : Les sépultures plurielles de la région X de la catacombe des Saints Pierre-et-Marcellin (Rome, Ier-IIIe s. ap. J.-C.)". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0412/document.
Texto completoAn assembly of unpublished complex plural burials (1st-3rd cent. AD.) was discovered and partially excavated, between 2003 and 2010 in the central region called X of the catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus in Rome. It contains several hundred individuals which were buried according to uncommon funeral practices following a mortality episode of likely epidemic nature. To understand the life history (diet and mobility patterns) of these deceased and to discuss again certain assumptions previously established on the basis of new evidences, we have as part of this work conducted an archaeo-biogeochemical multi-proxy (14C, δ13C, δ15N, δ18O et 87Sr/86Sr) and multi-tissue (enamel, bones, hair) approach on a sub-sample of 130 individuals coming from six different chambers. At the outset, we tested the biochemical and isotopic integrity of mineral (carbonate phases) and organic fractions (collagen and keratin phases) samples from conventional indicators measured in routine (%Col, %C, %N, C/N, PCO2 et PCO2/Mass), by FTIR spectroscopy (IRSF, CO3/PO4 and AmideI/PO4) and by an innovative approach consisting of 14C dating on collagen-apatite to validate the isotopic signal of mineral fractions. Our results highlight extreme differences of preservation of all phases. Diagenetic trajectory of samples is however not random but dependent on environmental and taphonomical conditions which differ between small and large chambers. Furthermore, we have been able to demonstrate that, despite strong recrystallization and isotopic exchanges with the sepulchral environment, carbonated phases have an unaltered biogenic isotopic signal. Secondly, we rebuilt the diets of individuals based on robust comparisons repositories and various interpretative models (mono-proxy versus multi-proxies; qualitative versus quantitative) which were, in some cases, adapted to the needs of our study. In general, our results show that most of the individuals had access to such a type diet based on the triad Cereals C3/Meat C3/Marine fish. This type diet would however not be exclusive, some individuals (n = 13) would have indeed occasionally consumed other resources such as freshwater fish or C4 cereals. Our results indicate that changes of diet during the life history are relatively limited. Besides, with regard to consumed food, this population is distinguished from other contemporary Roman populations for whom isotopic values are published. In the third place, we studied individual’s mobility patterns based on a rigorous approach to our data and on a comparison of the most comprehensive repositories as possible with taking into account the bias usually evaded (cultural facts, influence of climate and errors associated with conversion equations). Our results highlight that a minimum of 23% (n = 30) of the studied individuals are migrants. These, however, are not distinguished from Roman residents through their diet. We were able to show further that these migrants had complex and heterogeneous trajectories during their life within three distinct mobility patterns characterizing them. In terms of migrant’s rates, our population does not differ from other Roman populations for which the isotopic data are available. It differs however by its cosmopolitanism with origins for more diverse migrants: Europe, Africa, Arabia and Asia Minor [...]
Tra il 2003 e il 2010, nella regione centrale chiamata X della catacomba dei Santi Pietro e Marcellino a Roma, è stato scoperto e parzialmente scavato un insieme di sepolture plurime inedite (I-III sec. D.C.) contenente diverse centinaia di individui, i quali sono stati inumati secondo le pratiche funerarie singolari in seguito ad un episodio di sovramortalità di natura probabilmente epidemica. Per comprendere la storia di vita (alimentazione e mobilità) di questi defunti e ridiscutere, sulla base di nuovi elementi, alcune ipotesi precedentemente formulate, abbiamo condotto, nel quadro di questo lavoro, un approccio archeo-biogeochimico multi-proxys (14C, δ13C, δ15N, δ18O e 87Sr/86Sr) e multi-tessuto (smalto, ossa, capelli) su un campione di 130 individui da sei stanze diverse. Abbiamo inizialmente verificato l'integrità biochimica e isotopica delle frazioni minerali (fasi carbonatiche) ed organiche (fasi collageniche e cheratiniche) dei campioni provenienti da indicatori classici misurati in routine (%Col, %C, %N, C/N, PCO2 e PCO2/Massa) e per spettroscopia FTIR (IRSF, CO3/PO4 e AmmideI/PO4) ed un approccio innovativo costituito da datazione 14C su coppie collagene-apatite per validare il segnale isotopico delle frazioni minerali. I nostri risultati mettono in evidenza delle differenze estreme di preservazione di tutte le fasi. La traiettoria diagenetica dei campioni non è però aleatoria, ma dipendente dalle condizioni ambientali e tafonomiche che differiscono tra camere piccole e grandi. Inoltre, abbiamo potuto dimostrare che nonostante delle forti ricristallizzazioni e degli scambi isotopici con l'ambiente sepolcrale, le fasi carbonatiche hanno un segnale isotopico biogenetico inalterato. Abbiamo in un secondo tempo ricostruito i regimi alimentari degli individui basandoci su riferimenti di confronto robusti e vari modelli interpretativi (mono-proxys versus multi-proxys, qualitativi versus quantitativi), i quali sono stati in alcuni casi, adattati alle esigenze del nostro studio. In generale, i nostri risultati mostrano che la maggior parte degli individui ha avuto accesso ad un regime alimentare tipo basato sulla triade Cereali C3/Carne C3/Pesci marini. Questo regime alimentare non è tuttavia esclusivo, avendo certi individui (n = 13) consumato casualmente altre categorie di risorse come il pesce dulciacquicolo o dei cereali C4. I nostri risultati indicano che i cambiamenti di alimentazione nel corso della vita sono relativamente limitati. Inoltre, questa popolazione si distingue da un piano strettamente alimentare rispetto alle altre popolazioni contemporanee romane per le quali dei valori isotopici sono pubblicati. Abbiamo in un terzo tempo studiato gli schemi di mobilità degli individui basandoci su un approccio rigoroso dei nostri dati e su riferimenti di confronto i più esaustivi possibile, e anche tenendo conto di punti di vista solitamente elusi (fatti culturali, influenza del clima e errori associati alle equazioni di conversione). I nostri risultati mettono in luce che a minima 23% (n = 30) degli individui studiati sono migranti. Questi ultimi, tuttavia, non si distinguono per la loro alimentazione dai residenti romani. Abbiamo potuto mostrare, inoltre, che questi migranti hanno avuto percorsi di vita complessi ed eterogenei e che tre schemi di mobilità distinti li caratterizzano. Nostra popolazione non si differenzia in termini di tasso di migranti da altre popolazioni romane per le quali sono disponibili dei dati isotopici. Essa si distingue tuttavia per il suo cosmopolitismo con delle origini per i migranti delle più diverse: Europa, Africa, Arabia e Asia Minore [...]
Thomas, Fanny. "Complexité visuelle du packaging et évaluation du produit : le cas de la représentation des ingrédients dans le secteur alimentaire". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3078.
Texto completoFood industrialization is a real advance for society and the consumer who is looking for ease of purchase. However, with several health crises, the consumer wants to be better informed and to control his product choice. In this way, manufacturers want to improve communication on their product through visual attributes of their packaging. Nevertheless, an information overload can make the packaging difficult to understand. As a result, this doctoral research focuses on the impact of the level of visual complexity of the packaging on the evaluation of the food product. This problem leads to three research questions successively adopting a holistic approach, then two analytical approaches to the packaging complexity considering the number of ingredients and their degree of similarity depending on the level of availability of cognitive resources. The influence of the level of complexity on the evaluation of the product is studied by means of seven studies with a mixed methodological approach, with self-declared, behavioral and implicit measures. This research highlights the combination of a simple packaging with a healthy food product, valued according to the nutritional benefit and the quality ingredients in the product composition. In addition, it emphasizes the combination of a complex packaging with a better taste product that facilitates the formation of mental imagery taste depending on the degree of similarity of visual elements in the analytical approach of the design complexity and the cognitive resources level. Keywords: complexity, simplicity, packaging design, ingredients, healthy food, taste, purchase intent, cognitive load
Al, Rayes Layal. "Étude des interactions PET - Eau minérale dans les eaux embouteillées au Liban et approches analytiques des risques sanitaires". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10096/document.
Texto completoThe inertness’ value of plastics that are on contact with foodstuffs is governed by the European rule N°10/2011. In Lebanon, the lack of the Rules and Regulations of plastics’ usage led for a non-controlled packing in production as in storage, which will cause a sanitary risk to the consumer and to the population. The purpose of this research was to appreciate the migration’s phenomena of contaminants from the PET to the water. For this, there was an analysis of potential migrants such as VOC and SV to verify their tenor’s conformity relative to the MCL in international regulations. The aldehydes’ dosage in the water was performed by the derivation with the 2,4-DNPH, followed by a concentration on a C18 cartridge, then separation and quantification was done by HPLC-UV. The SV compounds’ analysis was realized by SPME-GC-FID method on a PDMS / DVB fiber. The BTEX and the styrene’s analysis was done by HS-trap-GC-FID method. These methods were validated in accordance with standard NF T 90-210 with a LQ less than the MCL. The volatile compounds in the bottled water and in the PET were analyzed by HS-trap-GC-MS method. The presence of FA, AA, DEP and BTEX in the bottled water with the PET was confirmed. It was highlighted that temperature and sun exposition influence the aldehydes’ migration. The acetaldehyde’s concentration after incubation at 40ºC wasn’t negligible and can modify the water’s organoleptic properties. The PET’s analyze reveals the presence of hydrocarbons, aldehydes, alcohols and ketones