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Tesis sobre el tema "Microscopie à Force Atomique en mode non-Contact (nc-AFM)"
Spadafora, Evan. "Etude par microscopie à force atomique en mode non contact et microscopie à sonde de Kelvin, de matériaux modèles pour le photovoltaïque organique". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647312.
Texto completoAmrous, Ania. "Etude d'auto-assemblages moléculaires sur surfaces isolantes par microscopie à force atomique en mode non-contact sous ultravide à température ambiante". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4368.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we report the results obtained with the growth of highly crystalline and stable supramolecular assemblies at room temperature on insulating surfaces of bulk alkali halides single crystals. The objective of this study is to structurally characterize these self-assembled networks and understand all the interaction forces involved in the growth and diffusion processes. This is performed by joint non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) experiments in ultrahigh vacuum and theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics. We show how well-defined parameters for the choice of the molecule on the one hand such as size, shape, symmetry, flexibility and functionality, and the choice of the substrate on the other hand, influence the morphology growth and serve to steer the structure and diffusion properties of such systems
Amrous, Ania. "Etude d'auto-assemblages moléculaires sur surfaces isolantes par microscopie à force atomique en mode non-contact sous ultravide à température ambiante". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4368.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we report the results obtained with the growth of highly crystalline and stable supramolecular assemblies at room temperature on insulating surfaces of bulk alkali halides single crystals. The objective of this study is to structurally characterize these self-assembled networks and understand all the interaction forces involved in the growth and diffusion processes. This is performed by joint non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) experiments in ultrahigh vacuum and theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics. We show how well-defined parameters for the choice of the molecule on the one hand such as size, shape, symmetry, flexibility and functionality, and the choice of the substrate on the other hand, influence the morphology growth and serve to steer the structure and diffusion properties of such systems
Hoff, Brice. "Nanostructuration et caractérisation en ultravide de dépôts de molécules sur surfaces isolantes par microscopie à force atomique en mode non-contact et sonde de Kelvin". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4078/document.
Texto completoThanks to ultra high vacuum experiments using non-contact AFM and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), we have been able to characterize precisely several depositions of molecules on different surfaces, including the (001) surface of a Cd2+ doped NaCl single crystal called the Suzuki surface. This surface is nanostructured such as two different regions coexist : pure NaCl regions and Suzuki regions covering partially the (001) surface. We show that the Suzuki surface can be used as a nanotemplate in order to confine the adsorption of nano-objects such as organic or inorganic molecules. After deposition of different functionalised pentahelicenes molecules, a large part of those stay preferentially adsorbed on Suzuki regions. Following the nc-AFM and KPFM observations a model will be presented on the mechanism of adsorption and desorption of those helicenes, accompanied with a astonishing study about fullerenes C60 molecules deposed on several surfaces, and the charge manipulation in these islands
Para, Franck. "Nanostructures organiques en régimes supra-moléculaire et covalent sur substrats diélectriques : propriétés structurales et optiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0289.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the study of the influence of the structure of matter at the atomic scale on its macroscopic properties. Thereto, the IM2NP Nanostructuration team masters the synthesis and characterization of functionalized organic nanostructureson solid surfaces. Specifically, this work focuses on the study of the structural and optical properties of organic nanostructures grown on dielectric single-crystalline alkaly halides substrates under ultra-high vacuum and ambient temperature. Experiments are carried out by non-contact Atomic Force Microscopy (structural properties) and by Differential Reflectance Spectroscopy (optical properties of UV-visible absorption). Two distinct growth regimes have been investigated, with different molecules each. The first system involves supramolecular nanostructures of bis-pyrenes molecules grown on KCl(001) and NaCl(001). The combined study of their structural and optical properties, from the sub-monolayer to the multilayer regime, allows us to quantitatively extract the dielectric function of the layers at the different stages of their growth. The second system deals with a more recent topic in the surface science community, namely on-surface synthesis. In this case, upon adsorption, the molecules bind together covalently, which results in nanostructures that are more cohesive than in the supramolecular regime. We have evidenced the formation of covalent structures by free-radical polymers of dimaleimide on KCl(001) under UV illumination
Singh, Amit Kumar. "Caractérisation des Mémoires Non-Volatiles Résistives par Microscopie à Force Atomique en mode Conduction (C-AFM) sous Ultravide". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT033.
Texto completoMemories are the fundamental for any electronic system we interact with in our daily life and are getting more and more important day by day in our present era. The growing functionalities and performance of the electronic products such as digital cameras, smart phone, personal computer, solid state hard disk and many more, need continues improvement of its features. Floating gate-based Flash technology is the main NVM technology used extensively in market these days. Nevertheless, Flash technology presents many problems making further scaling impossible. In this context, there are many other memory technologies emerging and interest in new concepts and materials to go beyond the Flash technology is growing. Resistive non-volatile memories based on two terminal devices, in which an active material is sandwiched between two electrodes have been investigated. The main idea of using this kind of structure and material is to use a specific physical mechanism allowing to switch it between two different resistive states for information storage. For example, in oxide based random-access memory (OxRAM), a conductive filament is grown inside the oxide layer, linking the two electrodes. By creation and disruption of this filament, two different resistance states can be generated. Another example is the phase change random-access memory (PCRAM), in which a chalcogenide material with the ability to change its phase between a high resistive amorphous and a low resistive crystalline state is used. Over the last few years OxRAM has been widely investigated due to many advantages like good scalability, long data retention time, fast read & write speed and low power consumption. The main benefit is that it is compatible with Back-end of line fabrication. In MIM structures for OxRAM, forming and disruption of the nanometer sized conductive filament is commonly accepted as the physical phenomenon for the switching, but still a debate is going on to understand the nature and characteristics of the conductive filament. Also, many studies have been done to evaluate the scaling capability of OxRAM and PCRAM. Hence, in this thesis work we studied mechanisms related to the conductive filament based resistive switching at nanoscale. To do the electrical characterization, a new technique using conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) in ultra-high vacuum is proposed. The impact of different AFM tip materials (which is used as top electrode), different bottom electrode materials and the compliance current effect in two different regimes (in nA and in µA) are investigated. It is found that in the case of HfO2 based OxRAM, the filament is formed by Ti diffusion from the bottom electrode through the oxide layer. The results are in good agreement with device characteristics and could be reproduced by modeling. Also, phase transition in phase change materials for PCRAM is investigated for Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST-225) and Ge rich GST. It was found that the phase transition from amorphous to crystalline is possible at nanoscale. Finally, the threshold for GST-225 is observed at values nearer to those observed on devices than former observations with standard C-AFM
Buchoux, Julien. "Nanotubes de carbone comme sondes en microscopie à force atomique : nanomécanique et étude à l’interface air-liquide de fluides complexes". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14221/document.
Texto completoAtomic force microscopy exploits interactions between a probe and a sample. Carbon nanotubes represent the ideal probe; they are thin with a high aspect ratio, robustes and few reactive. The widespread use of carbon nanotube probes needs the study of their mechanical behavior in contact with a surface. We study two types of probes: probes with multiwalled nanotubes and probes with singlewalled nanotubes. For multiwalled nanotubes, we used three differents AFM modes that are contact, frequency modulation and thermalnoise. The experimental results are compared with mechanical models that we developed. Studies of singlewalled nanotubes have been produced from an interferometric AFM. These measures have enabled us to determine the adhesion energy per unit length of singlewalled nanotubes on graphite and mica surfaces.Finally we present two applications of AFM probes with multiwall nanotubes. The first is a project of electrochemical sensors for which a multiwall nanotube is used as a nanolocalisator. The second is a study by AFM of air-liquid interface of complex fluids
Vecchiola, Aymeric. "Développement d’une imagerie de résistance électrique locale par AFM à pointe conductrice en mode contact intermittent". Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112058/document.
Texto completoThe atomic force microscope (AFM) allows to characterize with excellent spatial resolution samples of different types of surfaces and can be implemented in various environments. This versatility has encouraged the development of a large number of derivative technics, intended to investigate various local physical properties. The LGEP thus achieved a module, the Résiscope, capable of measuring the local electrical resistance on the surface of a sample polarized continuously, on a range of 11 decades. Developed in contact mode, where the tip continuously exerts a force on the sample, this technic works well on hard materials, but finds its limits on soft or fragile samples since under certain conditions, the tip can alter the surface. For such samples, an intermittent contact mode, in which the tip comes at regular intervals touch very briefly the surface, is more appropriate, but complicates the achievement of electrical measurements. The aim of this thesis was to overcome this difficulty by changing the Résiscope to be able to join the "Pulsed Force Mode", intermittent mode where the tip oscillates at a frequency of 100Hz to 2000Hz. Different hardware and software changes have been made to permit the detailed temporal monitoring of the electrical resistance signal to each make / break contact (necessary to review the phenomena related to intermittency), as well as to be able to work in acceptable scan speeds. For imaging, the best contrasts were obtained through an electronic timing and treatment taking into account the electrical resistance values at specific times.To test this new system, we have initially compared resistance and deflection curves we get by this mode with those considered classically in the force-distance curves mode. We then investigated the influence of main parameters (frequency and amplitude of oscillation, setpoint, coating of the tips, etc.) on the topographical and electrical measurements, using the HOPG as reference material. These tests resulted to highlight a nearly systematic delay of the electrical signal relative to the deflection signal (other than the Resiscope measure time), which we were not able to elucidate the origin. Once these knowledge acquired, we studied two types of organic samples, one in academic nature - Self-Assembled Monolayers of alkanethiols (SAMs), the other more applicative purpose – formed of thin layers of an interpenetrating network of two components (P3HT:PCBM) for photovoltaic cells. In both cases we have shown the relevance of the Resiscope tool in intermittent mode to obtain qualitative and quantitative information. In addition to these work on fragile materials, we conducted an annex study on a phenomenon of growth material of insulating nature found in special conditions on various hard materials, which has been interpreted as the friction polymer formation as a result of repeatedly nano-sliding associated with the deflection of the cantilever. These investigations were conducted under a CIFRE agreement with the Concept Scientific Instruments company, backed by the ANR MELAMIN» (P2N 2011) project