Tesis sobre el tema "Microbial modulation"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 20 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Microbial modulation".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Johansson, Ulrika. "Modulation of human dendritic cell function by microbial or autologous stimuli". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270951.
Texto completoSasaki, Yusuke. "Synthetic Constitution and Modulation of Microbial Metabolic Systems for Advanced BioChemical Generation". Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253449.
Texto completoKyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(総合学術)
甲第22613号
総総博第13号
新制||総総||2(附属図書館)
京都大学大学院総合生存学館総合生存学専攻
(主査)教授 山口 栄一, 教授 山敷 庸亮, 教授 植田 充美, 大嶌 幸一郎
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Smit, Flora [Verfasser]. "Cutaneous defense against Candida albicans: modulation of chemokine-driven anti-microbial immune responses / Flora Smit". Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1172500274/34.
Texto completoTran, Thi Thu Hong. "Dietary modulation to improve pig health and performance /". Uppsala : Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200891.pdf.
Texto completoGanesan, Asha Purnima Veerappan. "A study of regulatory T cells and modulation of allergic immune responses by microbial agents in human asthma". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538955.
Texto completoMaître, Apolline. "Modulating the vector microbiota for the control of vector-borne pathogens". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Maisons-Alfort, École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ENVA0005.
Texto completoThe Corsican livestock population, composed of sheep, goats, pigs and cattle, is mainly raised in extensive farming systems. Frequent interactions between livestock, wildlife and human populations can favor the circulation of ticks and tick-borne microorganisms. A high prevalence of tick-borne bacteria of the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae has been reported in goats (Anaplasma ovis), sheep (A. ovis), cattle (Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Ehrlichia minasensis) and ticks (Rickettsia spp.) in Corsica. Some of these bacteria (e.g., A. phagocytophilum and Rickettsia sp.) are zoonotic and pathogenic to humans. Currently, there are no preventive measures for the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases. The tick microbiome is a very complex set of interacting microorganisms that impact tick physiology and vector competence. Recently, we have shown that tick microbiota vaccines can produce high mortality in ticks during feeding. Anti-microbiota vaccines can also modulate the tick microbiome and thus can be used as a tool to control the transmission of tick-borne pathogens. In this project, we will use next-generation sequencing of 16S amplicons to study the taxonomic and functional diversity of the microbiome of Rhipicephalus bursa and Hyalomma marginatum, the main pathogen-vector ticks in cattle in Corsica. Using co-occurrence networks and high-throughput pathogen detection, we will then identify keystone bacteria interacting with the detected tick-borne pathogens. The keystone bacteria will be used to formulate antimicrobial vaccines to block pathogen acquisition and/or transmission
Smida, Hassiba. "Modulation de l'interface entre biofilms microbiens électroactifs et surface d'électrode : modifications de surface et effets de milieux". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S135/document.
Texto completoMicrobial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are bio-electrochemical devices based on electroactive bacterial biofilms which catalyze the electron transfer both at the anode and cathode to generate electrical power. To enhance the biofilms development and to improve the biofilm-electrode connection, being both key features in the performance of the MFC, the graphite anode was functionalized by pyridine units. In order to ensure a robust interface, pyridine units are grafted covalently through the electrochemical reduction of diazopyridinium cations in situ formed from aminopyridine precursors, following the well-known electrografting method for aryl diazonium salts. By comparing the reactivity of various aminopyridine derivatives and the resulting grafted layers properties, the para-diazopyridinium cations reduction results in a thin and compact layer, which is the best suited for promoting bacterial adhesion and favorable electron transfer between the anode surface and electroactive bacteria. The presence of pyridine units immobilized on the anode surface leads to a faster biofilm development together with increased MFC performances for young biofilms. In contrast, anode modified with polyphenylene multilayers and then colonized by a bacterial biofilm has been proved to be less effective for the catalysis of acetate oxidation. On the other hand, the nature of the electrolyte and the physicochemical properties are also important parameters for the bacterial biofilm development. Room temperature ionic liquids have unique properties, particularly in terms of solvation, and their use in biotechnological applications has recently emerged. However, their effects on bacterial biofilms remain little known. The addition of a selection of hydrophilic and hydrophobic ionic liquids based on imidazolium or pyridinium cations in the anolyte, even in very small quantities, or immobilized at the anode surface inhibited the biofilm development
Banasaz, Mahnaz. "Intestinal cell kinetics : modulation caused by age, gender and microbial status in rats and mice : an experimental study in germfree, conventional and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG or Clostridium difficile, mono-associated animals /". Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-241-8.
Texto completoPham, Hoang-Nam. "Impact des métabolites secondaires de plantes sur des bactéries pathogènes de la rhizosphère : existe-t-il un lien entre la résistance sur métaux et la modulation de résistance aux antibiotiques ?" Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30153/document.
Texto completoThe objective of this thesis is to evaluate the modification of plant secondary metabolism production contaminated with metallic trace elements (MTE) and its consequences on the associated rhizospheric bacterial communities including bacteria presenting MultiDrug Resistant (MDR) phenotypes. We have focused on two contexts of metals exposure: the phytoremediation of mining sites in Vietnam and the reconversion of agricultural soils contaminated by the atmospheric re-deposition of metallurgical activities in France. Our results highlighted that contamination by different types of metals (mainly Cu and Pb) has led to an alteration in the production of secondary metabolites in the roots, stems and leaves of the hyper-accumulating Pteris vittata and for roots, a similar trend in the metabolic changes could be observed in another type of pollution context (Zn and Pb more particularly). Similarly, the metabolic profiles of the underground parts (roots and rhizomes) of Miscanthus x giganteus were modified by the concentrations of Pb, Cd and Zn in agricultural soils. For the two plants examined chlorogenic acid derivatives have been found in increased proportions in the roots despite soil type and pollution context were highly contrasted. However, catechic tannin derivatives are specifically found in higher proportions in the roots of P. vittata under metal pressure. These polyphenols are known for their ability to scavenge free radicals and their antioxidant properties and thus could be involved in the adaptation of these plants to metallic stress by helping to limit the oxidative stress generated by MTE. At the level of the aerial parts, we studied only the change for P. vittata and evidenced higher proportions of flavonoid derivatives for contaminated plants. Our metagenomic results allow us to conclude also on the effect of MTE on the diversity and the specific richness of the bacterial communities of the studied soils: a high contamination of Cu (10 times the allowed limit) decreased dramatically bacterial richness and diversity, while for more moderate MTE levels including Cu Pb and Zn, the diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities was more explained by plant or season effect rather than an effect of MTE. This effect on P.vittata rhizosphere bacterial composition is reflected by an enrichment in genera known as opportunistic human pathogens, including Ralstonia, Acinetobacter, Burkholderia and Mycobacterium. In addition, Cupriavidus, known as a highly resistant genus, is the only P. vittata specifically associated genus found in increased proportions at both mining sites compared to non-contaminated rhizosphere soils. This genus could then be involved in the adaptation process of this plant with metal stress. As for the rhizospheric communities of Miscanthus x giganteus, the selection of Stenotrophomonas and Pseudomonas in agricultural soils contaminated with MTE was observed. As a part of this thesis, we have also developed a rapid method for testing the impact of plant metabolites on pathogenic strains of clinical and environmental origin and their efflux pump inhibition (EPI) activity of RND family. Our data thus showed interesting and notable EPI activities comparable to that of the efflux pump inhibitor PAßN for tested compounds issued from Fallopia x bohemica roots or for their derivatives
Roussel, Perrine. "Entre glande mammaire et Escherichia coli : étude des intéractions qui conditionnent le déclenchement et l'issue des mammites : rôles des cellules épithéliales et modulation par l'IL-17A". Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4046.
Texto completoAlong with agricultural intensification of animal production, some pathologies have emerge, especially mastitis. This disease corresponds to an inflammation of the udder, and is generally provoked by bacterial infection. Mastitis on their own constitute the main source of financial impairments within dairy herds in France and worldwide. So far, there is no treatment able to prevent mastitis over time. Among major mastitis pathogens Escherichia coli (E. coli) is of great importance, because of its prevalence and its impacts on milk yield and quality. The mastitis severity has proven to be linked to host factors, but the implication of bacterial characteristics remains unknown. Thus, this study aimed at deciphering whether interactions between E. coli and the mammary gland, especially the mammary epithelial cells (MECs) and neutrophils, may explain a variability in mastitis severity. Influence of milk on these interactions was also investigated
Jaffri, Sarah. "Characterization of the photosynthetic apparatus of Chlorella BI sp., an Antarctica mat alga under varying trophic growth states". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1304348068.
Texto completoChou, Chung Jen James. "Design and screening of potential peptide modulator through the studies of iron-dependent regulator functions /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8504.
Texto completoFomenky, Bridget. "Modulation of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota by two direct fed microbials and their efficacy as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoter use in calf management operations". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34456.
Texto completoL’usage des produits microbiens administrés directement (aussi appelés probiotiques) gagne de l’intérêt comme alternative à l’utilisation des antibiotiques comme promoteurs de croissance dans les élevages. Cependant, très peu d’informations existent quant à l’influence des probiotiques sur la modulation du microbiote gastrointestinal et la réponse immunitaire innée chez le veau laitier. Les objectifs de cette thèse visaient à (1) Étudier l’effet de Lactobacillus acidophilus BT 1386 ou de Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM 1- 1079 sur les constituants sanguins, biochimiques / chimiques du sang. (2) Déterminer les mécanismes potentiels d’une réponse immunitaire renforcée de Lactobacillus acidophilus BT 1386 et de Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM 1-1079. (3) Déterminer comment Lactobacillus acidophilus BT 1386 ou Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM 1-1079 modulent la composition de la communauté microbienne GIT de veau par séquençage de nouvelle génération de la région V3-V4 du gène ARNr 16S. (4) Comparer l'efficacité de ces deux DFM avec la tetracycline-néomycine, un promoteur de croissance antibiotique. Quatre traitements ont été distribués aléatoirement à 48 veaux âgés de 2 à 7 jours (n=12). TÉMOIN : lactoremplaceur (LR) suivi d’une moulée de démarrage (MD); SCB) TÉMOIN + Saccharomyces cereviseae var. boulardii CNCM I-1079 [7,5 × 108 unités formatrices de colonie (CFU)/L de LR + 3 × 109 CFU/kg de MD]; LA) TÉMOIN + Lactobacillus acidophilus BT 1386 (2,5 × 108 CFU/L de LR + 1 × 109 CFU/kg de MD); ATB) TÉMOIN + traitement antibiotique composé de chlortétracycline (528 mg/L de LR + 55 mg/kg de MD) et de néomycine (357 mg/L de LR). Les animaux ont été élevés selon les procédures d’élevage conventionnelles pendant les 96 jours de la période expérimentale. Des échantillons de sang ont été prélevés de la veine jugulaire à différents moments pendant les périodes de pré-sevrage (jours 1 à 42), de sevrage (jours 43 à 53) et de post-sevrage (jours 54 à 96). Aux jours 33 et 96 dans chacun des groupes, 4 veaux ont été euthanasiés afin de prélever des échantillons de tissus et de digesta. Des SCB viables ont été retrouvées tout au long du tractus gastrointestinal, ainsi que dans les fèces des veaux en périodes pré- et post-sevrage. Autour du sevrage, les fèces du groupe SCB contenaient une population de lactobacilli plus importante que celles du groupe TÉMOIN. Au cours de la période pré-sevrage, la distribution des lactobacilli évoluait graduellement à travers les sections du tube digestif (colon > contenu iléal > rumen > muqueuse iléale). À l’exception du rumen, tous les autres compartiments présentaient une population de lactobacilli réduite en post- vs. en pré-sevrage. Comparativement aux groupes TÉMOIN et LA, la profondeur et la largeur des cryptes du colon des groupes SCB et ATB étaient réduites. Toujours comparativement aux groupes TÉMOIN et LA, le nombre de cellules caliciformes contenant des mucines neutres tendait à augmenter pour les groupes SCB et ATB, alors que le nombre de mucines acides augmentaient. Globalement, les traitements n’ont pas affecté les performances des animaux. Pendant le sevrage, une amélioration de la stimulation oxydative et de la phagocytose, ainsi qu’une augmentation des concentrations des protéines de la phase aiguë, ont été observées chez les groupes SCB et LA. L’ajout de probiotiques à la diète du veau a eu moins d’impact sur la diversité bactérienne mais a tout de même modifié significativement l’abondance des différentes populations microbiennes, et ce plus particulièrement dans l’iléon. L’ajout de SCB ou de LA a réduit l’abondance de certains genres bactériens pathogènes, tels que Streptococcus et Tyzzerella_4, alors que cela a augmenté l’abondance de bactéries potentiellement bénéfiques pour l’hôte tel que celles appartenant au genre Fibrobacter. Par ailleurs, d’autres bactéries bénéfiques tel que Rumminococcaceae UCG 005 et Olsenella étaient aussi plus abondantes, mais seulement pour le traitement SCB. Les bactéries pathogènes Peptoclostridium et Ruminococcus_2 étaient respectivement moins abondantes lorsque les traitements SCB et LA étaient ajoutés à la ration. Les analyses de prédiction fonctionnelle ont montré qu’en plus des effets observés sur les voies métaboliques locales impliquées dans le cycle cellulaire, la sécrétion biliaire et les voies de signalisation de l’AMPc et du proteasome, l’ajout des deux formes de probiotiques a également affecté d’importantes voies impliquées au sein d’autres tissus comme la synthèse des hormones thyroïdiennes ou le fonctionnement des synapses dopaminergiques. Cette étude suggère que les probiotiques, et plus particulièrement SCB, devraient être davantage considérés comme modulateur de la santé gastro-intestinale du veau laitier. Aussi, la supplémentation en SCB, en améliorant la réponse immunitaire innée, permettrait de stimuler le système immunitaire du veau avant l’infection, le préparant ainsi à mieux affronter les périodes plus sensibles comme celle du sevrage. Le SCB et le LA ont modifié la composition en bactéries du GIT. Dans l’ensemble, cette étude a montré une démonstration remarquable de l’importance du DFM sur le microbiote de la TI. Cependant, il faut mieux comprendre les molécules et les mécanismes qui déterminent le rôle du microbiote, puis exploiter ces connaissances pour améliorer la santé et augmenter la production animale.
There is interest in the use of direct-fed microbials (DFM) as substitutes for antibiotic growth promoters in farm animal production. However, little information exists on the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus BT 1386 (LA) and Saccharomyces cereviseae boulardii CNCM I-1079 (SCB) on the modulation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota and innate immune responses in dairy calves. Therefore, the objectives of this thesis were to (1) investigate the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus BT 1386 or Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM 1-1079 on blood cellular and biochemical/chemical constituents; (2) determine the potential mechanisms of enhanced immune response by Lactobacillus acidophilus BT 1386 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM 1-1079; (3) determine how Lactobacillus acidophilus BT 1386 or Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM 1-1079 modulate calf GIT microbial community composition by next-generation sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and (4) compare the efficacy of these two DFM with tetracycline-neomycin, an antibiotic growth promoter. Forty eight calves (2 to 7 days old) were randomly allocated to four treatments: 1) Control (CTRL) fed milk replacer (MR) and starter feed (SF); 2) CTRL supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCMI-1079 (SCB; 7.5 × 108 (CFU)/L MR + 3 × 109 CFU/kg SF); 3) CTRL supplemented with Lactobacillus acidophilus BT1386 (LA; 2.5 × 108 CFU/L MR + 1 × 109 CFU/kg SF); and 4) CTRL supplemented with antibiotics (ATB) chlortetracycline and neomycin (528 and 357 mg/L MR, respectively), and chlortetracycline (55 mg/kg SF). Animals were raised for 96 days following standard management procedures. Growth parameters (body weight and feed intake) of calves were recorded weekly. Four calves per treatment were euthanized on day 33 (pre-weaning) and an additional four calves per treatment on day 96 (post-weaning) to sample rumen and ileum tissues for real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and colon for histomorphology. The ileum, colon and rumen were also analyzed for viability. Furthermore, samples of digesta (colon, ileum and rumen) and mucosa (colon and ileum) for bacterial characterization by sequencing the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene. Weekly feces samples were collected for viability analysis. Blood samples were also collected for isolation of neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells for oxidative burst and phagocytosis analyses by flow cytometry. Serum measurements of acute phase proteins were done by ELISA. Viable SCB were recovered throughout the GIT and in the feces pre- and post-weaning. The feces of SCB-treated calves showed a greater lactobacilli population compared with CTRL (P < 0.01) around weaning. In the pre-weaning period, the distribution of lactobacilli population differed along the digestive tract (colon > ileum content > rumen > ileum mucosa; P < 0.001). The lactobacilli population were significantly reduced in all compartments (P = 0.02) post-weaning compared to pre-weaning, except in the rumen. Crypts depth and width of the colon decreased (P < 0.01) whereas number of goblet cells containing neutral mucins tended to increase (P = 0.058) while acidic mucins increased (P < 0.05) in SCB- and ATB-treated calves compared with CTRL and v LA-treated calves. Overall, growth performances were not affected by treatment. There was improvement of both oxidative burst and phagocytosis by SCB and LA during weaning in calves. Similarly, the concentrations of acute phase proteins (C-reactive proteins and serum amyloid A proteins) were increased by SCB and LA during weaning. The DFM had less impact on the bacteria diversity but had significant impact on the abundance of the bacteria community with most changes associated to treatments occurring in the ileum. SCB and LA reduced some pathogenic bacteria genera such as Streptococcus, Tyzzerella_4 and increased some potential beneficial bacteria such as fibrobacter. Meanwhile, Rumminococcaceae UCG 005 and Olsenella, also beneficial, were increased only by SCB treatment. The potential pathogenic bacterium, Peptoclostridium, was reduced by SCB only while LA reduced Ruminococcus_2. The functional prediction analyses indicated that besides affecting local pathways such as cell cycle, bile secretion, proteasome or cAMP signaling pathway, both DFM might also affect important pathways in other tissues such as thyroid hormone synthesis or Dopaminergic synapse in the brain. Our results suggest that SCB is a modulator of gastrointestinal health and could prime the immune system prior to infection leading to an enhanced innate immune response in calves especially during periods of stress (e.g., weaning). Consequently, SCB might have the potential to strengthen calf immune system in the critical periods of disease susceptibility. Both SCB and LA changed the bacteria composition of the GIT. Overall, this study showed a remarkable demonstration of the importance of DFM on the GIT microbiota. However, what is needed is a complete and better understanding of the molecules and mechanisms driving the roles played by the microbiota and then to exploit this knowledge to improve health and increase animal production.
Pacheco, Alan Roberto. "Environmental modulation of microbial ecosystems". Thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/42638.
Texto completoSchretter, Catherine Elizabeth. "Microbial Modulation of Host Locomotion". Thesis, 2019. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/11154/1/Catherine%20Schretter%20Thesis_8%2022.pdf.
Texto completoDonato, Kevin. "Microbial-host Interactions and Modulation of Epithelial Barrier Function: Pathogens to Probiotics". Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/26168.
Texto completoMENNINI, MAURIZIO. "Intestinal Microbiota in IgE-mediated Cow’s Milk Allergy: microbial dysbiosis and possible modulation through probiotics". Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1364221.
Texto completoChang, Kuang-min. "Microbially-induced periodontal breakdown in the rat role of matrix-degrading enzymes and modulation by tetracyclines /". 1992. http://books.google.com/books?id=ZAtqAAAAMAAJ.
Texto completoeContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 220-292).
Ribeiro, Ricardo Manuel Esteves. "Innovative pathways underlying the etiology and the therapeutics via modulation of the gut microbiota". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/84748.
Texto completoUma vez que não existe cura definitiva para doença de Parkinson, a busca de alternativas terapêuticas e outros alvos terapêuticos sobressai como uma necessidade urgente na sociedade moderna.Estudos recentes, evidenciam uma íntima e complexa via de comunicação bidirecional entre o cérebro e o trato gastro-intestinal envolvendo o microbiota: o eixo cérebro-intestino-microbiota. Esta rede de comunicação entre o cérebro e o intestino pode ser o fator determinante na progressão de doenças neurodegenerativas, nomeadamente a doença de Parkinson. Tem sido demonstrado em vários trabalhos que alterações no microbiota intestinal desencadeia uma série de mecanismos celulares que levam a um processo inflamatório exagerado que, por sua vez, debilita a integridade do epitélio intestinal. Este desequilíbrio na permeabilidade do epitélio intestinal exacerba a resposta inflamatória a qual se propaga para o sistema nervoso entérico, contribuindo para a formação de agregados de α-sinucleína. Dada a ligação entre o sistema nervoso entérico e o sistema nervoso central, através do nervo vago, a inflamação e os agregados de α-sinucleína propagam-se até ao sistema nervoso central, onde ocorre deposição de agregados de α-sinucleína nos neurónios da substantia nigra. Contudo terapias alternativas à base de precursores de compostos fosfolipídicos, probióticos, prébióticos e simbióticos relavam um efeito neuroprotetor e anti-inflamatório, podendo assim representar uma nova abordagem a terapêutica da doença de Parkinson. Neste trabalho discute-se criticamente estas novas vias subjacentes à etiologia e à intervenção terapêutica na doença de Parkinson.
Since there is no definitive cure for Parkinson's disease, the search for therapeutic alternatives and other therapeutic targets stands out as an urgent need in modern society.Recent studies show an intimate and complex bi-directional communication pathway between the brain and the gut involving the microbiota: the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This communication network may be the determining factor in the progression of certain neurodegenerative diseases, namely Parkinson's disease. It has been shown by several studies that changes in the intestinal microbiota triggers a series of cellular mechanisms that lead to an exaggerated inflammatory process that weakens the integrity of the intestinal epithelium. This imbalance in the permeability of the intestinal epithelium exacerbates the inflammatory response which spreads to the enteric nervous system, contributing to the formation of α-synuclein aggregates. Due to the connection between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system through the vagus nerve, inflammation and α-synuclein aggregates spread to the central nervous system, where occurs deposition of α-synuclein in the neurons of the substantia nigra. However, alternative therapies based on phospholipidic membrane precursors, probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics relied on a neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect and could therefore represent a new approach to the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Here we critically address these novel and innovative pathways underlying both PD etiology and therapeutic intervention.
Redelman, Carly Virginia. "Antibiotic Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Stimulates Expression of mgtE, a Virulence Modulator". 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2887.
Texto completoPseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram negative opportunistic pathogen with the capacity to cause serious disease by forming biofilms, most notably in the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that adhere to a solid surface, undergo global regulatory changes, secrete exopolysaccharides, and are innately antibiotic resistant. Virulence modulation is an important tool utilized by P. aeruginosa to propagate infection and biofilm formation in the CF airway. Many different virulence modulatory pathways and proteins have been identified including the protein, MgtE. MgtE has recently been discovered and has been implicated in virulence modulation, as an isogeneic mutation of mgtE leads to increased cytotoxicity. To further elucidate the role of MgtE in P. aerugionsa infections, transcriptional and translational regulation of this protein following antibiotic treatment has been explored. I have demonstrated that mgtE is transcriptionally upregulated following antibiotic treatment of most of the twelve antibiotics tested utilizing RT-PCR and QRT-PCR. A novel model system was employed, which utilizes cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial (CFBE) cells homozygous for the ΔF508 mutation for these studies. This model system allows P. aeruginosa biofilms to form on CFBE cells modeling the P. aeruginosa in the CF airway. Translational effects of antibiotic treatment on MgtE have been attempted via Western blotting and cytotoxicity assays. Furthermore, to explore the possibility that mgtE is interacting with a known regulatory pathway, a transposon-mutant library was utilized and the regulatory proteins, AlgR and NarX, among others have been identified as possibly interacting with MgtE. Lastly, an MgtE homologue from Staphylococcus aureus was utilized to further demonstrate the virulence modulatory effects of MgtE by demonstrating the expression of the homologue results in decreased cytotoxicity, exactly like expression of the native P. aeruginosa MgtE. This research explores a newly discovered protein that impacts cytotoxicity and biofilm formation and provides valuable information about P. aeruginosa virulence.