Tesis sobre el tema "Méthode par propagation de dérivées"
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Thiam, Ngueye. "Simulation des ondes lumineuses par une combinaison de la méthode de propagation par faisceaux et d'une discrétisation par éléments finis". Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23711/23711.pdf.
Texto completoRedon, Emmanuel. "Etude de la propagation acoustique en espace confiné en présence d'écoulement non isotherme par la méthode des éléments finis". Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2253.
Texto completoFritsch, Jean-François. "Propagation des ondes dans les guides partiellement enfouis : résolution du problème direct et imagerie par méthode de type échantillonnage". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAE001.
Texto completoThis work is about the non destructive testing of partially buried or immersed slendered structures such as a steel cable partially buried in concrete or a steel plate partially immersed in liquid sodium. Such structures can be seen as the junction of two closed waveguides. In order to perform computing, the open part of the structure is truncated in the transverse direction with PMLs. As a result, a partially buried waveguide can be treated as the junction of two closed waveguides, in one of which the propagation of waves is governed by an equation involving complex coefficients due to the presence of the PMLs. This observation has lead us to tackle first the simpler case of the junction of two closed acoustic waveguides. For this simple case, we have proposed a strategy to solve the inverse problems based on the one hand on the introduction of the so-called reference fields, which are the total field response of the structure without defects to an incident field coming frome both half-guides, and on the other hand on the use of the reciprocity of the Green function of the structure without defect. Following this strategy, we have obtained an efficient modal formulation of the LSM which has enabled us to retrieve defects. In this simple case, we have taken advantage of the completeness of the modes to analyze the forward and inverse problems. The loss of the completeness of the modes in the half-guide truncated in the transverse direction with PMLs has led us to study the forward problem with Kondratiev theory. The tools introduced for the junction of two closed waveguides have been adapted to solve the inverse problem. Finally, we have tackled the more complex, but more realsitic case of an elastic waveguide partially immersed in a fluid. For this difficult case, we have developped adapted computing tools adapted and extended the tools introduced before solving the inverse problem
Lods, Guillaume. "Modélisation et utilisation de la compliance des robots continus : application aux robots à tubes concentriques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAD045.
Texto completoFirst developed to automate production in manufacturing industries, robots are now used to assist surgical procedures. Flexible and highly miniaturizable continuum robots, allowing for the reduction of patient trauma, have raised significant interest in this field. Their study has then become an active research field. Most control algorithms developed for these robots are based on literal models derived from the Cosserat theory. This thesis reconsiders the concept of compliance for continuum robots by introducing the concept of generalized compliance matrix. This matrix is computed using a “low-level derivative propagation method” specifically designed for efficient computation. This concept of generalized compliance is then applied to estimate the interaction forces between the robot and its environment, a crucial issue for guaranteeing safe interventions. In this thesis, the contributions described for continuum robots are systematically transferred to the concentric tubes robots through simulations and experimental studies
Sayari, Sayed. "Etude numérique de quelques équations aux dérivées partielles par la méthode discontinue de Galerkin". Cergy-Pontoise, 2010. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/2010CERG0477.pdf.
Texto completoIn this thesis we are interested to solve numerically some equations in partial derivative by the discontinuous Galerkin method. Initially we present a new version of the DG method to solve the scalar conservation laws numerically. This method was tested on linear problems, in particular the transport equation then it is adapted to a nonlinear problem models being presented by the Burgers’equation. It leads to theoretically and numerically satisfying results, the schemes introduced in this method are convergeant. Several numerical tests are given and they were pilot of the reliability of this method. Encouraging results are obtained. In the second part, we present one DG formulation for the resolution of a model problem which derives from Maxwell’s equations. Theoretical results of existence and uniqueness of the discrete solution are proved, as well as the convergence of the formulation with respect to the mesh size of the discretization. The formulation introduced here is also tested numerically and confirm theoretical results obtained
Thivant, Michael. "Modélisation de la propagation acoustique par la méthode du potentiel d'intensité". Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00780391.
Texto completoThivant, Michaël. "Modélisation de la propagation acoustique par la méthode du potentiel d'intensité". Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2003ISAL0042/these.pdf.
Texto completoA new prediction method for acoustics is proposed for the mid and high frequency range: the intensity potential approach (IPA) is based on the local power balance. The use of a finite element model respects the geometry with accuracy. A thermal conductivity analogy permits the use of existing solvers, with graphical pre-processing and post-processing tools. The use of the intensity potential avoids the "Fourier's Law" assumption relating energy and intensity, for which no evidence has been found yet in the general case. The irrotationnal intensity is computed, giving local information on acoustic energy paths, during the conception stage of industrial products. Free field pressure computation is also provided. The intensity potential approach has been validated on the full-scale mock-up of the engine compartment of a truck, by comparison with measured transfer functions and with a boundary element model. The source power in its environment is measured
Derible, Serge. "Caractérisation complète des résonances acoustiques par une nouvelle méthode fondée sur le diagramme d'Argand". Le Havre, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LEHA0004.
Texto completoSigal, Hervé. "Propriétés photophysiques de phases colonnaires formées par des dérivées du triphénylène". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DENS0013.
Texto completoKamoun, Fathallah Ines. "Etude de quelques propriétés des équations aux dérivées partielles : propagation des singularités, identification du potentiel et stabilisation". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS0036.
Texto completoThis thesis consists of three parts. The purpose, of the first part, is to define a general geometry of the analytic wavefront set, in order to study the microlocal singularity of solutions to the Schrödinger equation with high power. In the second part, we study, in dimension n> or =3, the inverse problem of determining the potential q of the Schrödinger equation from infinity measurements on any open subset of the boundary. Provided that q is known in a neighborhood of the boundary, we prove the logarithmic stability estimate. The last part is devoted to the study of a coupled system consisting in a wave and heat equations coupled through transmission condition along a steady interface. This system is a linearized model for fluid-structure interaction introduced by Rauch, Zhang and Zuazua for a simple transmission condition and by Zhang and Zuazua for a natural transmission condition. Using an abstract Theorem of Burq and a new Carleman estimate shown near the interface, we complete the results obtained by Zhang and Zuazua and by Duyckaerts. We show, without any geometric restriction, a logarithmic decay result
Jamond, Olivier. "Propagation numérique de zones critiques dans un pneumatique par approches multi-modèles". Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECAP0020/document.
Texto completoRésumé en anglais non disponible
Boussekine, Abdelmadjid. "Etude de la propagation des fissures par la méthode des éléments de frontière". Limoges, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIMO0034.
Texto completoRousseau, Valérie. "Modélisation de la propagation des ondes sismiques par la méthode des moments spectraux". Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20010.
Texto completoSafatly, Elias Emile. "Méthode multiéchelle et réduction de modèle pour la propagation d'incertitudes localisées dans les modèles stochastiques". Nantes, 2012. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=cc8428f5-edf4-4ce1-96c9-42d69e43459a.
Texto completoIn many physical problems, an uncertain model can be represented as a set of stochastic partial differential equations. We are here interested in problems with many sources of uncertainty with a localized character in space. In the context of functional approaches for uncertainty propagation, these problems present two major difficulties. The first one is that their solutions are multi-scale, which requires model reduction methods and appropriate computational strategies. The second difficulty is associated with the representation of functions of many parameters in order to take into account many sources of uncertainty. To overcome these difficulties, we first propose a multi-scale domain decomposition method that exploits the localized side of uncertainties. An iterative algorithm is proposed, which entails the alternated resolution of global and local problems, the latter being defined on patches containing localized variabilities. Tensor approximation methods are then used to deal with high dimensional functional representations. Multi-scale separation improves the conditioning of local and global problems and also the convergence of the tensor approximation methods which is related to the spectral content of functions to be decomposed. Finally, for the handling of localized geometrical variability, specific methods based on fictitious domain approaches are introduced
Ayari, Mohamed Iadh. "Sur certaines classes de solutions des équations aux dérivées partielles obtenues par la méthode des symétries conditionnelles". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0015/NQ43465.pdf.
Texto completoPaul, Bertrand. "Modélisation de la propagation de fractures hydrauliques par la méthode des éléments finis étendue". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0182/document.
Texto completoThe permeability of rocks is widely affected by the presence of fractures as it establishes prevailing paths for the fluid flow. Natural cracks are then a critical factor for a reservoir productiveness. For low permeability rocks, stimulation techniques such as hydrofracturing have been experienced to enhance the permeability, so that the reservoir becomes profitable. In the opposite, when it comes to geological storage, the presence of cracks constitutes a major issue since it encourages the leak and migration of the material spread in the rock. In the case of CO2 storage, the scenario of leakage across the reservoir seal through cracks or revived faults is a matter of great concern. And as for nuclear waste storage, the fluid circulation in a fracture network around the storage cavity can obviously lead to the migration of toxic materials. It is then crucial to predict the effects of the presence of cracks in a reservoir. The main purpose of this work is the design of a numerical tool to simulate a crack network and its evolution under hydromechanical loading. To achieve this goal we chose the eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) for its convenience, and a cohesive zone model to handle the crack tip area. The XFEM is a meshfree method that allows us to introduce cracks in the model without necessarily remeshing in case of crack propagation. The fluid flow in the crack as well as the exchanges between the porous rock and the crack are accounted for through an hydro-mechanical coupling. The model is validated with an analytical asymptotic solution for the propagation of a plane hydraulic fracture in a poroelastic media, in 2D as well as in 3D. Then we study the propagation of hydraulic fractures on non predefined paths. The cracks are initially introduced as large potential crack surfaces so that the cohesive law will naturally separate adherent and debonding zones. The potential crack surfaces are then updated based on a directional criterion appealing to cohesive integrals only. Several examples of crack reorientation and competition between nearby cracks are presented. Finally, we extend our model to account for the presence of fracture junctions
Leclère, Jean-Michel. "Modélisation parallèle de la propagation d'ondes dans structures par éléments finis adaptatifs". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0737.
Texto completoJamet, Guillaume. "Modélisation d'ondes sismo-acoustiques par la méthode des éléments spectraux : application à un séisme en Atlantique Nord". Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0030/document.
Texto completoFor more than 2 decades, recording of hydroacoustic signals in the sopen channel (Sound Fixing And Ranging) has allowed the detection and localization of many low-magnitude earthquakes in the ocean. However the interpretation of these signals is still incomplete.The generation of acoustic waves, known as T-waves, resulting from the conversion of seismic waves into acoustic waves at the sea-bottom, and their propagation in the water column are not yet fully understood, which prevents to extract more information about the earthquakes they originate from. Here, we use numerical modelling to identify and understand the main environmental parameters and phenomena that control the generation and propagation of acoustic T-waves in the ocean. The proposed approach is a spectral element method, implemented in the code SPECFEM2D, which allows to address the problem in a comprehensive way taking into account the solid/fluid coupling (seismic propagation, conversion, acoustic propagation), velocity profiles of the waves in the crust and the ocean, and the moment tensor of the earthquake that defines the radiation pattern of the seismic source. Simulated acoustic signals present many similarities in the shape, duration, arrival times and amplitudes of the predicted T-waves with observed T-waves. Differences are likely due to the 2D representation of the problem and to the simplistic representation of the environment and of the seismic source
Bourdet, Ana Cristina. "Atténuation des réponses transitoires par traitement hybride piézoélectrique / viscoélastique en utilisant un modèle à dérivées fractionnaires". Paris, CNAM, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CNAM0482.
Texto completoThis work presents a finite element formulation for vibration reduction of an adaptive sandwich beam composed of a viscoelastic core and elastic/piezoelectric laminated faces. The electromechanical coupling is taken into account by modifying the stiffness matrix of the piezoelectric layers (sensor) and by applying a mechanical load written in terms of the applied tension (actuator). The finite element formulation has no electrical degrees-of-freedom. The fractional derivative Zener model is used to characterize the viscoelastic behaviour of the core. Equations of motion are solved using a direct time integration method based on the Newmark scheme in conjunction with the Grünwald approximation of fractional derivatives. An extension to finite displacements and rotations into the finite element formulation is proposed
Kandate, Rodrigue Marius. "Etude de champs acoustiques en écoulement interne par la méthode des éléments finis". Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2365.
Texto completoGuénégou, Lionel. "Étude de structures planes anisotropes par la méthode du gradient de phase". Le Havre, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LEHA0003.
Texto completoThis study deals with the validation of the phase gradient method for anisotropic plates. The derivatives of the phase of the reflection coefficient with respect to the frequency, the incidence angle and the azimutal angle are studied. The characteristics of the propagating waves in plates, that is to say the dispersion and the reemission curves, but also the energy velocities are simply and accurately obtained by studying those derivatives. The phase gradient method is shown to be an alternative method to root findings in the frequency and the angular complex planes and it permits to obtain good estimates of the frequency and the polar and azimuthal angular resonances. This method allows us to avoid heavy energetic calculations and to estimate the components of the energy velocity. An experimental study has been carried out with a viscoelastic composite plate. The comparative study of the theoritical and experimental frequency derivatives leads to partly solve the inverse problem
Filipe, Margarida. "Étude mathématique et numérique d'un problème d'interaction fluide-structure dépendant du temps par la méthode de couplage éléments finis-équations intégrales". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EPXX0035.
Texto completoVeyret, Damien. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle de la propagation d'un front de fusion par la méthode des éléments finis". Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX11336.
Texto completoHuguet, Frédéric. "Modélisation et calcul du flot de scène stéréoscopique par une méthode variationnelle". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10053.
Texto completoThe scene flow is the displacement vector of any surface points estimated between two consecutive moments. Mathematically it is a three-dimensionnal vector field. This one is useful when any surface temporal deformation has to be studied, using two or more cameras. This thesis handles the scene flow computation and shows the use of this one for a geophysical project. In this aim, we worked with the geophysics sciences laboratory named Geosciencez Azur, which is located in Sophia Antipolis (Alpes Maritimes, UMR 6526 - CNRS - UNSA - UPMC- IRD). This paper presents a method for scene flow estimation from a calibrated stereo image sequence. The scene flow contains the 3-D displacement field of scene points, so that the 2-D optical flow can be seen as a projection of the scene flow onto the images. We propose to recover the scene flow by coupling the optical flow estimation in both cameras with dense stereo matching between the images, thus reducing the number of unknowns per image point. Moreover our approach handles occlusions both for the optical flow and the stereo. We obtain a partial differential equations system coupling both the optical flow and the stereo, which is numerically solved using an original multi-resolution algorithm. Whereas previous variational methods were estimating the 3-D reconstruction at time t and the scene flow separately, our method jointly estimates both. We present numerical results on synthetic data with ground truth information, and we also compare the accuracy of the scene flow projected in one camera with a state-of-the-art single-camera optical flow computation method. Results are also presented on a real stereo sequence with large motion and stereo discontinuities. We finally present the original approach developed in Geosciences Azur to study the gravitary mountain landslides, the 3D physical modelling. We describe the experimental stereo device used to track the deformations of the reduced moutain model used by the geophysicists. 3D reconstruction and scene flow results are shown, as well as the tracking of the observed surface deformations, in the fourth chapter of the thesis
Huguet, Frédéric. "Modélisation et calcul du flot de scène stéréoscopique par une méthode variationnelle". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00421958.
Texto completoCette thèse traite de l'estimation du flot de scène et d'une application dans le domaine de la géophysique. Elle s'est déroulée dans le cadre de l'ACI GEOLSTEREO, en collaboration étroite avec le laboratoire Geosciences Azur, situé à Sophia Antipolis (06, UMR 6526 - CNRS - UNSA - UPMC- IRD).
Nous proposons d'estimer le flot de scène en couplant l'évaluation du flot optique dans les séquences d'images associées à chaque caméra, à l'estimation de la correspondance stéréo dense entre les images. De plus, notre approche évalue, en même temps que le flot de scène, les occultations à la fois en flot optique et en stéréo. Nous obtenons au final un système d'EDP couplant le flot optique et la stéréo, que nous résolvons numériquement à l'aide d'un algorithme multirésolution original.
Alors que les précédentes méthodes variationnelles estimaient la reconstrution 3D au temps $t$ et le flot de scène séparément, notre méthode estime les deux simultanément. Nous présentons des résultats numériques sur des séquences synthétiques avec leur vérité terrain, et nous comparons également la précision du flot de scène projeté dans une caméra avec une méthode récente et performante d'estimation variationnelle du flot optique. Des résultats sont présentés sur une séquence stéréo réelle, se rapportant à un mouvement non rigide et à de larges discontinuités.
Enfin, nous présentons l'approche originale de modélisation physique 3D utilisée au laboratoire Geosciences Azur. Nous décrivons la mise en place du dispositif stéréoscopique associé, ainsi que le déroulement de l'expérience. Des résultats de reconstruction 3D, d'estimation du flot de scène, et de suivi de la déformation d'une surface sont montrés dans le chapitre 4 de la thèse.
Cupillard, Paul. "Simulation par la méthode des éléments spectraux des formes d'onde obtenues par corrélation de bruit sismique". Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GLOB0003.
Texto completoThe waveform we can obtain by correlating ambient seismic noise recorded at two different stations gives an interesting signature of the media between these stations. This provides a new type of data that can be used to investigate the Earth's structure, as the earthquakes records do. Only the phase information has been considered from noise correlations for now and we would like to know in this work whether the amplitude can also be used or not. Ultimately, our aim is to process a spectral element simulation of the entire waveforms. In a first time, we study the features of correlations generated with synthetic seismic noise. Both uniform and non-uniform sources distributions are investigated and the effect of attenuation is carefully detailed for raw, 1-bit and whitened noise. In a second time, we compute a spectral element simulation of these synthetic correlations. The main difficulty is to take into account the amplitudes of the anisotropic noise flux that goes across the stations network. To do so, we use the time-reversal technique and we create a extended source that is positioned at a station and then propagated with the SEM ina certain Earth's model to retrieve waveforms corresponding to correlations between this station and the other receivers of the network. The result is demonstrated numerically as well as theoretically using the representation theorem. Moreover, the spectral element code we use is presented, with an accurated validation and two examples of wavefields generated by earthquakes in a 3D model of Europe. To end up, we apply our time-reversal process to correlations from real seismic noise. We discuss problems due to space-time variations of the noise sources and we show very encouraging results
Mercado-Saucedo, Alberto Carlos. "Quelques problèmes inverses et de contrôlabilité : transmission des ondes et transport-diffusion". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007VERS0033.
Texto completoThe object of this thesis is the study of inverse inequalities for some linear partial differential equations. In the first chapter we study the linear transport-diffusion equation with a diffusion coefficient given by a small positive parameter. We study the controllability for the transport equation and the convergence of the solutions of the transport-diffusion equation when the diffusion goes to zero. We deduce some bound for the cost of the approximate controllability for the transport diffusion equation when the diffusion goes to zero. In the second chapter we consider a transmission wave equation in two embedded domains in Rn, where the speed is a1 > 0 in the inner domain and a2 > 0 in the outer domain. We prove a global Carleman inequality for this problem under some convexity hypothesis for the inner domain, and assuming a2 < a1. As a consequence of this inequality, we obtain uniqueness and Lipschitz stability for the inverse problem of retrieving a stationary potential for the wave equation with Dirichlet data and discontinuous principal coefficient from a single time-dependent Neumann boundary measurement
Lalonde, Sébastien. "Modélisation de la propagation des fissures dans les engrenages par la méthode des éléments de frontières". Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2008. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/108/1/LALONDE_S%C3%A9bastien.pdf.
Texto completoFrancoeur, Dany. "Méthode d'identification paramétrique pour la surveillance in situ des joints à recouvrement par propagation d'ondes vibratoires". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1933.
Texto completoViquerat, Jonathan. "Simulation de la propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques en nano-optique par une méthode Galerkine discontinue d'ordre élevé". Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4109/document.
Texto completoThe goal of this thesis is to develop a discontinuous Galerkin time-domain method to be able to handle realistic nanophotonics computations. During the last decades, the evolution of lithography techniques allowed the creation of geometrical structures at the nanometer scale, thus unveiling a variety of new phenomena arising from light-matter interactions at such levels. These effects usually occur when the device is of comparable size or (much) smaller than the wavelength of the incident field. This work relies on the development and implementation of appropriate models for dispersive materials (mostly metals), as well as on a large panel of classical computational techniques. Two major methodological developments are presented and studied in details: (i) curvilinear elements, and (ii) local order of approximation. This work is complemented with several physical studies of real-life nanophotonics applications
Bouizi, Abdelillah. "Résolution des équations de l'acoustique linéaire par une méthode d'éléments finis mixtes". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ECDL0005.
Texto completoEl, Hachemi Mohamed. "Analyse de discontinuités de transitions hyperfréquences par une méthode de différences fines temps-fréquences". Metz, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1998/El_Hachemi.Mohamed.SMZ9855.pdf.
Texto completoThe simulation, of phenomena related to the electromagnetic propagation, by the finites differences time domain method allows to exhibit clearly the properties of the studied system. This method, initially proposed by Yee, in order to study the problems of electromagnetic diffusion and further used for analyzing emission, is extended in this thesis to the study of the discontinuity by introducing original boundary conditions. For the sake of consistency, this memory is organized in three parts. The first part is consecrated to the theoretical recalls on the guided propagation and to the associated discontinuity problems. The second part is related to the radiation of the half wavelength sheathed dipole; in the presence of dielectrics discontinuity within the insulating layer, the analytical rigorous resolution of such problems become very heavy. The third part related to the implementation of the DFDT method, it is validated by the expression of the simple half wavelength dipole radiation, extended results related to the effect of the near field enhancement by the dielectrics windows are given. Finally sorne phenomenons due to the excitation of the rectangular mode of a guide by a coaxial excitation are computed; finaly a numerical survey of the optimal correction by an iris is led to term
Prat, Jérome. "Mesure des propriétés optiques de milieux diffusants stratifiés par l'analyse de la rétrodiffusion d'impulsions infrarouges sub-picosecondes". Paris 13, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA132012.
Texto completoLe, Bouteiller Philippe. "Approche eulérienne de l'équation de Hamilton-Jacobi par une méthode Galerkine discontinue en milieu hétérogène anisotrope : Application à l'imagerie sismique". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAU035/document.
Texto completoRecovering information on the structure and the composition of the Earth's interior is a fundamental issue for a large range ofapplications, from planetology to seismology, natural resources assessment, and civil engineering. Seismic waves are a very powerful tool for that purpose. Using a high-frequency approximation for the numerical modeling of seismic wave propagation is computationally advantageous when hundreds, thousands, or more of wavelengths have to be propagated. Instead of the linear wave equation, the high-frequency approximation yields three fundamental partial differential equations. The nonlinear Eikonal equation leads to traveltime. A second equation is derived for the take-off angle. Both Eikonal and angle equations belong to the wide Hamilton-Jacobi family of equations. In addition, the transport equation leads to the amplitude.As a Lagrangian approach, seismic ray tracing employs the method of characteristics to derive a set of ordinary differential equations from these partial differential equations. They can be easily integrated, thus yielding traveltime and amplitude along rays. Widely used in the geophysical community for their simplicity, the ray-tracing tools might not be the most efficient and robust ones for practical high-resolution imaging and inversion applications. Instead, it might be desirable to directly solve the partial differential equations in an Eulerian way. In the three last decades, plenty of Eikonal solvers have been designed, mostly based on finite-difference methods. Successive works try to find the best compromise between accuracy, computational efficiency, robustness, ease of implementation, and versatility.In this thesis, I develop a different approach, mainly based on the discontinuous Galerkin method. This method has been intensively used in the mathematical field for solving conservation laws and time-dependent Hamilton-Jacobi equations. Only few investigations have been done regarding its use for solving the static Eikonal equation in a geophysical context, despite the high level of accuracy allowed by this method. Therefore, improving upon mathematical studies, I propose a new Eikonal solver suitable for the geophysical context. Complex heterogeneous anisotropic media with non-flat topographies are correctly handled, with an unprecedented accuracy. Combined with a fast-sweeping strategy in a robust way, I show that this new solver exhibits a high computational efficiency, in two dimensions as well as in three dimensions.I also employ this solver for the computation of the take-off angle. I design an additional finite-volume solver for solving the transport equation, leading to the computation of amplitude. With this solver, I also consider the computation of the adjoint-state variable for seismic tomography, since it satisfies a similar transport equation. Eventually, I propose a whole set of consistent solvers to the geophysical community. These tools should be useful in a wide range of applications. As an illustration, I finally use them in advanced seismic imaging schemes, in order to demonstrate the benefit brought by the high-frequency approximation in this kind of schemes
Beddiaf, Sara. "Identification paramétrique de systèmes d'équations aux dérivées partielles paraboliques non linéaires en géométrie 3D par une méthode de régularisation itérative". Angers, 2013. http://laris.univ-angers.fr/_resources/logo/TheseBeddiafSara.pdf.
Texto completoIn the context of parametric identification, the work presented in this manuscript is devoted to inverse heat conduction problem resolution in three-dimensional geometries (IHCP-3D). The main objective of the resolution deals with identification of one or more unknown parameters in various situations such as: heat flux identification of a fixed (or mobile source), localization of two fixed heating sources, localizations in minimal time (for one or several heating sources), simultaneous determination of time-varying heat flux and location of a fixed source, mobile source trajectory identification, simultaneous estimation of strength heat flux and source mobile trajectory in a three-dimensional domain. Such an inverse heat conduction problem (described by a set of partial differential equations) is ill-posed in Hadamard’s sense. Considering the measured temperature provided by few sensors (located on a different face from that on which sources heat), IHCP-3D were successfully solved and the unknown parameters are identified considering the implementation of an iterative regularization method: the conjugate gradient method (CGM). The robustness of the proposed identification method is illustrated considering realistic disturbances. Moreover, an experimental bench is used in order to validate the robustness of the CGM in real context
Poernomo, Sari Sri. "Propagation acoustique dans des conduits à parois traitées en présence d'écoulement : modélisation par la méthode des éléments finis". Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOS029.
Texto completoFor the aerospace and automotive sectors, many acoustic propagation problems have complex geometry, requiring the use of finite element method (FEM) for some parts, whereas other parts can be seen as equivalent to waveguides, therefore allowing the use of modal methods. The aim of this work is to couple these two approaches for harmonic acoustic propagation. It concerns the study of an infinite lined guide with uniform mean flow. The proposed technique consists of using FEM in a source-containing region and writing a transparent boundary condition on the boundaries truncating the domain. This transparent boundary condition is described by a Dirichlet to Neumann (DtN) operator based on a modal decomposition. This decomposition is easy to obtain for guides with rigid boundaries. The case of a guide with absorbent material reveals problems even in the absence of flow because the operator is no longer self-adjoint and modes are no longer orthogonal under classically-defined dot product on L2. Without mean flow, a new dot product, which corresponds to a bi-orthogonality relation, is introduced to allow the writing of the transparent boundary condition. With uniform mean flow, the problem's formulation is no longer suitable to finding a bi-orhtogonality relation verified exactly for all modes. Writing the DtN operator requires defining of a new dot product, which appears naturally in the variational formulation, and for which modes tend to become asymptotically orthogonal. Some critical values of the impedances exist for which the DtN operator does not exist
Chaillat, Stéphanie. "Méthode multipôle rapide pour les équations intégrales de frontière en élastodynamique 3-D : application à la propagation d’ondes sismiques". Paris Est, 2008. http://pastel.paristech.org/5233/01/these_chaillat.pdf.
Texto completoSimulating wave propagation in 3D configurations is becoming a very active area of research. The main advantage of the BEM is that only the domain boundaries are discretized. As a result, this method is well suited to dealing with unbounded domains. However, the standard BEM leads to fully-populated matrices, which results in high computational costs in CPU time and memory requirements. The Fast Multipole Method (FMM) has dramatically improved the capabilities of BEMs for many areas of application. In this thesis, the FMM is extended to 3D frequencydomain elastodynamics in homogeneous and piecewise-homogeneous media (using in the latter case a FMM-based BE-BE coupling). Improvements of the present FM-BEM are also presented: preconditioning, reduction of the number of moments, and formulation of a multipole expansion for the half space fundamental solutions. Seismological applications are given for canonical problems and the Grenoble valley case
Smagin, Nicolay. "Caractérisation des écoulements liquides par méthode de conjugaison de phase paramétrique des ondes ultrasonores". Ecole centrale de Lille, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/75/64/62/PDF/These_N_Smagin.pdf.
Texto completoThe object of this work is the investigation of parametrically phase conjugate waves propagation in moving media and the demonstration of their possible applications for liquid flow velocimetry. The investigation of nonlinear effects accompanying the propagation and interaction of phase conjugate waves in moving media such as higher harmonics generation and Brillouin scattering is made. A possibility of application of these effects for precision improvement of conventional acoustic systems of flow velocimetry is considered. It is shown that the phase synchronization principle for cascade generation of higher harmonics is still valid in moving media which allows to improve the sensitivity of measurement proportionally to the number of used harmonic. It is also shown that the phase shift of Stokes component of differential frequency generated in moving media by Brillouin scattering of phase conjugate wave with the reference one corresponds to the one of the phase conjugate wave. The effects of higher harmonics generation and Brillouin scattering can be used simultaneously to improve the sensitivity and precision of liquid flow velocity measurements. The possible applications of wave phase conjugation effect to liquid flows velocimetry are presented. A method of simultaneous measurement of mixture relative concentrations and flow velocity is elaborated
Bin, Fazail Muhammad Najib. "Caractérisation de l’amortissement des structures complexes par la méthode de corrélation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COMP2718.
Texto completoThe thesis presents inverse correlation techniques able to measure accurately the damping loss factor of complex plane structures. In the first chapter, the state of the art gathering numerous local and global characterization methods is presented. In the second part of the chapter, various topics of direct interest to the thesis such as classical damping loss factor measurement techniques and the analytical solution based on the discrete general laminate model (GLM) are briefly discussed. In the second chapter, the inhomogeneous wave correlation (IWC) method based on the maximization of the correlation between an inhomogeneous wave and the measured displacement field as a function of the wave heading angle is revisited. A new variant that considers the exponential decay with distance from the excitation point in the inhomogeneous wave formulation is introduced. The purpose of introducing this variant is to improve the estimation of the damping loss factor. The validity of the proposed method is investigated numerically on flat thin structures and sandwich damped structures. The performance of the method related to the excitation point location and the size of the observation window are also investigated. A new Green’s function-based model correlation (GFC) method able to estimate the equivalent elastic parameters of complex structures at different propagation angles is detailed in the third chapter. Contrary to the IWC method, the measured displacement field is correlated with a Green’s function-based model. This approach is more adapted to describe the field near the excitation point and offers more stability in estimating the damping loss factor compared to previous methods. Several results, with simulated and measured data, are compared with an analytical discrete laminate model and show the accuracy of this technique to recover the damping loss factor of complex structures as function of the frequency and the heading angle. In the second part of the chapter, the impact of different excitation location on the estimation of the wavenumber and the damping loss factor is investigated. A spatial angular filter to rectify the estimation of the damping loss factor is introduced. In the fourth chapter, the image source method with an objective of improving the previous GFC method in the low frequency range and for lightly damped structures is introduced. The proposed method takes into account the reflection at boundaries which is, ignored in the free field Green’s function used in the previous chapter. The performance of the method is investigated for two types of boundary conditions: simply supported and free edges. The identified parameters of the numerical simulations are compared to the previous GFC method and to the analytical discrete laminate model
Ranaivoson, Nivonandrianina Landy Voahirana. "Simulation numérique d'écoulements diphasiques dans une conduite par méthode pseudo-spectrale". Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090037.
Texto completoMenouillard, Thomas. "Dynamique explicite pour la simulation numérique de propagation de fissure par la méthode des éléments finis étendus". Lyon, INSA, 2007. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2007ISAL0048/these.pdf.
Texto completoNumerical tools are still more efficient and allow a good description of physical phenomena. Moreover these tools are not restricted to linear mechanics, but are a Iso developped for more complex behaviour such as fracture. Dynamic or static loadings can create damage, micro cracks and then fracture of structure. Fast dynamic allows to compute phenomena such as crash, impacts on structure. Application domain is really broad; th us it a Iso concerns resistance and accidents for nuclear reactor tank. Lt is interesting for numerical codes to be able to predict these situations: damage evolution and crack propagation consist in being an essential challenge. Th us the eXtended Finite Element Method allows to avoid remeshing and field projection. The crack is kinematically described by the use of additional degrees of freedom. One can underline the difficulties between the eXtended Finite Element Method and the explicit lime integration: the diagonal mass matrix and the corresponding critical lime step. One presents two lumping techniques based on the conservation of kinetic energy, and critical time steps of enriched elements. One demonstrates thal the critical lime step is almost the same !han the one corresponding to the finite element problem, and is independant of the position of the crack
Gainville, Olaf. "Modélisation de la propagation atmosphérique des ondes infrasonores par une méthode de tracé de rayons non linéaire". Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ECDL0007.
Texto completoIn the framework of the comprehensive test bang treaty, we wish to link measured signals with infrasonic source characteristics (kind, power, motion\dots), in order to analyze and to understand International Monitoring System infrasonic network barometric measurements. Because of the complexity and the time variability of the atmosphere, modeling is necessary for atmospheric propagation. The goal of the work conducted during this thesis is to model the long range proagation of infrasonic wavesemitted by various source kinds. A better understanding of atmospheric propagation and the identification of phenomena which influence wave propagation are first steps in this direction. We need to quantify convection, diffraction, scattering, non linearity, atmospheric asorption effects onboth acoustic pressure levels and pressure signatures. In this thesis report, we develop an infrasonic wave propagation model based on a ray tracing method. A mathematical asymptotic analysis of motion equations for a relaxing thermoviscous fluid is performed under the hypothesis of a high frequency approximation and of a locally plane wave. The waveform evolution follows a generalized Burgers equation which takes into account non linearity for weak shocks, and atmospheric absorption. Caustic phase shift is also included. The physical model is solved using adapted numerical methods. These methods include an efficient eigenray research method for 3D problems. The generalized Burgers' equation is integrated using an adaptative mesh and step Fourier Galerkin spectral method. Finally we study two infrasound propagation problems. The Misty Picture experiment consists in a 4684 ton of ANFO exposure realized in 1987 in New Mexico (United States). This particularly well instrumente experiment is a long range infrasound propagation reference study at very low frequencies (0. 1\,Hz). This study shows that acoustic energy in the shadow zone is associated to scattering by atmospheric inhomogeneities. Daily Concorde infrasonic records performed since 1998 until 2003 at Flers station (France) offer numerous studies. In spite of the acoustical pressure level spreading complexity, infrasonic recorded arrivals are identified. The year 2002 is systematically studying to evaluate seasonal atmospheric variations effects on atmospheric infrasonic wave propagation. Ray tracing simulations, in agreement with measures, show the importance of non linear effects and of scattering ont he pressure signature. These studies are also used to characterize and quantify ray tracing method limits. In spite of a strong sensitivity of results to the atmospheric conditions, we show that the ray tracing method is adapted to model the propagation of infrasonic waves of central frequency higher than 1 Hertz
Chaumont, Frelet Théophile. "Approximation par éléments finis de problèmes d'Helmholtz pour la propagation d'ondes sismiques". Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAM0011/document.
Texto completoThe main objective of this work is the design of an efficient numerical strategy to solve the Helmholtz equation in highly heterogeneous media. We propose a methodology based on coarse meshes and high order polynomials together with a special quadrature scheme to take into account fine scale heterogeneities. The idea behind this choice is that high order polynomials are known to be robust with respect to the pollution effect and therefore, efficient to solve wave problems in homogeneous media. In this work, we are able to extend so-called "asymptotic error-estimate" derived for problems homogeneous media to the case of heterogeneous media. These results are of particular interest because they show that high order polynomials bring more robustness with respect to the pollution effect even if the solution is not regular, because of the fine scale heterogeneities. We propose special quadrature schemes to take int account fine scale heterogeneities. These schemes can also be seen as an approximation of the medium parameters. If we denote by h the finite-element mesh step and by e the approximation level of the medium parameters, we are able to show a convergence theorem which is explicit in terms of h, e and f, where f is the frequency. The main theoretical results are further validated through numerical experiments. 2D and 3D geophysica benchmarks have been considered. First, these experiments confirm that high-order finite-elements are more efficient to approximate the solution if they are coupled with our multiscale strategy. This is in agreement with our results about the pollution effect. Furthermore, we have carried out benchmarks in terms of computational time and memory requirements for 3D problems. We conclude that our multiscale methodology is able to greatly reduce the computational burden compared to the standard finite-element method
Messaoudi, Omar. "Applications nouvelles de la méthode des lignes de transmission (T. L. M. ) à l'étude des antennes imprimées". Nice, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NICE4299.
Texto completoAllaki, Saïd. "Contribution à l'étude de la propagation d'ondes acoustiques dans un milieu stratifié : modélisation et simulation". Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO19016.
Texto completoLê, Minh-Bao. "Propagation de fissure par fatigue en présence d'une pré-déformation et de contraintes résiduelles". Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EPXX0032.
Texto completoStreiff, Dorothée. "Etude de la nucléation et de la propagation dynamique d'une rupture par la méthode des nombres d'ondes discrets". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10242.
Texto completoBustillo, Julien. "Caractérisation non destructive du silicium poreux par méthode ultrasonore". Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4026/document.
Texto completoPorous silicon is a material that is currently used in many fields such as biology and microelectronics, thanks to its remarkable properties. Non-destructive characterization of this kind of material is still limited, mostly due to thickness of porous layer and pore size. The aim of this work is the development of an ultrasonic characterization method to allow monitoring of in situ etching in real time. First, the study of electrochemical etching and tanks where it is made to have the estimated microgeometric parameters of the porous layer. Through knowledge of the pore size and orientation, the mechanical constants md the values of permeability and tortuosity are estimated. Second, propagation of the ultrasonic waves within the material bi-porous Si-Si layer is examined. Modelling of the porous i layer is performed through the Biot model to estimate the longitudinal speed to calculate the theoretical spectrum transmission through the etched wafer. A measurement using an insertion-substitution method allows a determination of transmission spectrum. The parameters of the porous layer (thickness and porosity ) are determined by an inverse problem resolution, based on a genetic algorithm. A comparison with destructive measurements shows the interest of the ultrasonic measurement
Briton, Jean-Philippe. "Simulations numériques de la diffusion multiple de la lumière par une méthode de Monte-Carlo et applications". Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUES040.
Texto completoLeleu, Claire. "Sismique très haute résolution tri-dimensionnelle : identification de la position du dispositif d'acquisition par une reformulation en temps". Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090021.
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