Tesis sobre el tema "Mesure de l'impact"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 50 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Mesure de l'impact".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Durin, Virginie. "Mesure de l'impact de la qualité vocale sur le comportement de l'utilisateur". Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066410.
Texto completoNassif, Hala. "Mesure de l'impact sanitaire des stratégies de promotion de l'activité physique ou sportive". Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05P627.
Texto completoThe prevalence of sedentary behavior is constantly increasing. Physical inactivity in the 4th cause of preventable death with 1. 9 million deaths worldwide. Several studies have proven the need and interest in promoting physical activity in different settings. However, there still exists a large void between theory, policies, practice and behavior change. The objective of this thesis is to anayze and develop specific evaluation tools in order to reinforce the proof and utility of recommendations that promote physical activity and discourage sedentary behavior. Our first study analyses the data of a physical fitness monitoring tool applied on a large French sample of 31 133 individuals aged between 8 and 60 years old. We first tested the reliability and the reproductibility of the tool. Thereafter, we analysed the relation between body mass index, age and the different physiological dimensions measured. Results revealed a good reproductibility of the physical fitness test and the presence of a strong correlation between the performances, age and body mass index. This suggests the possibility of using this test as a relable epidemiological tool capable of evaluating the effectiveness of physical activity promotion interventions. Our second study analyses the effect of an intervention promoting physical activity in the workplace on subjects suffering from chronic lower back pain. This study has been done in collaboration with the department of occupational medicine in the company. The sample consisted of 37 subjects that followed exercise sessions three times per week during two months and of 38 subjects in the control group. Physical, psychological, hearth and social measures were analyzed at three time points (beginning, 2 months, and 6 months). Following this intervention, we observed a significant improvement in the physical, psychological and health outcome measures that persisted at 6 months. In consequence, this study reinforces the promotion of physical activity in the workplace in order to assist those at risk and result in multiple health benfits. Our third study is in relation to the promotion physical activity through active transportation. Our work is related to health impact assessment following a change in transportation mode. This study is in collaboration with the CREAL (Center for Research and Environmental Epidemiology) in Barcelona and six European cities. The study proposes methods to measure energy expenditure in function of the transportation mode associates it to a health gain. In conclusion, this thesis offers a new methodological approch as well as specific evaluation tools that may help in advancing the field of prevention by physical activity
Vukadin, Ana. "Mesure de l'impact de l'artification de l'expérience de magasinage : perspectives théoriques et enjeux managériaux". Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E064.
Texto completoToday a growing number of retail formats (i.e. flagship stores, shopping malls, pop-up stores, corners, etc.)worldwide are adopting the shopping experience artification strategy, consisting of introducing artistic elements in the sales surface. However using this atmospherics’ variable remains for now very intuitive. From an academic perspective, this research field can be qualified as seminal. Thus this dissertation’s aim is to measure the impact of the shopping experience artification on store performance, as well as on customer reactions. In that regard, an experimentation was carried out with a factorial design manipulating the artistic dimension of store atmospherics. The data collection was conducted during two months in real retail stores, using a quantitative method. The results indicate that the shopping experience artification strategy, when adopted only at the store level and as an ephemeral proposition, positively impacts store marketing performance, namely regarding store perceived differentiation, the creative dimension of image (store’s and products’), store offering’s perceived value (price/quality ratio and price desensitization), and customer satisfaction. However the shopping experience artification does not impact store commercial performance (sales, conversion rate, attitudinal loyalty), which suggests a museumification effect with the store possibly losing its transactional purpose and being functionally reclassified as a museum/art gallery. As a conclusion, adopting this experiential strategy calls for an upstream reflection upon the company’s objectives (branding strategy vs. direct store profitability) since it implies tradeoffs regarding direct and indirect costs concerning sales surface allocation
Verdonk, Charles. "Mesure de la conscience du corps et de l'impact sur la cognition de l'information corporelle". Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPSLS036.
Texto completoAlthough the health benefits of mindfulness are clearly established, the question of the cognitive mechanisms underlying these benefits remains poorly understood in neuroscience research. Among the potential mechanisms, the quality of body awareness is central. Body awareness results from the processing and integration of interoceptive and exteroceptive information at the cerebral level. Our first two experiments focus on the physiological evaluation of body awareness.The initial step was to study the Heartbeat Evoked Potential (HEP). This electro-neurophysiological signal, which reflects the integration of the cardiac signal at the cerebral level, has been proposed as a marker of the quality of interoception. Our first study focused on evaluating relationships between HEP amplitude, the quality of interoception and trait mindfulness. The results showed that HEP amplitude is unrelated to trait mindfulness, and does not account for the high interoceptive sensitivity associated with it.The second step focused on the physiological, postural signal. Specifically, we addressed the following question: Does the analysis of the postural signal, particularly in the closed eyes condition where body awareness plays a determinant role in postural control, help us to evaluate trait mindfulness? We demonstrated that numerical models are able to estimate trait mindfulness based on the characteristics of the postural signal. These models are most accurate when they are developed from data collected with eyes closed. These results confirm that the body awareness mechanism plays a part in mindfulness, and that posture provides information about the level of mindfulness.Furthermore, data reported in the literature show that the processing of body information impacts how the individual interacts with the environment. In the third experiment reported in this thesis, we evaluated the effect of the variation in vestibular information on the cognitive functions of inhibition and decision-making. We observed that the perturbation of vestibular information degrades the inhibition function, and that this degradation is a function of the relevance of vestibular information. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the processing of exteroceptive body information accelerates the decision-making process, due to a less conservative decision threshold, which degrades cognitive performance.Overall, our findings suggest that exteroceptive bodily information, relative to the position of the body in the environment, is a key element in body-brain interactions and shapes the adaptation of the individual to changes in the environment. Moreover, our findings highlight that posture is a useful biomarker when assessing body awareness, and could guide interventions aimed at improving mindfulness and body awareness
Hallett, Charlene. "Test de mesure de l'impact de la distraction du conducteur : développement, administration et évaluation partielle". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20063.
Texto completoThis thesis describes the outcomes of an ambitious doctoral research program that carried out the initial critical steps in the design, development, and evaluation of a driver distraction impact assessment test (DDIAT). The purpose of this test has been to assess the impact driver distraction has on driving performance and driver behaviour. The thesis also describes the critical steps, beyond the scope of this thesis, that remain to be carried out in order to fully validate and implement the complete DDIAT proposed in this thesis. As part of the DDIAT proposed in this thesis, three Drives (Drive 1, 2, and 3) were designed and created from basic attention principles and by using a complex experimental design. Drive 1 and Drive 2 were implemented in an urban driving environment and included traffic light conditions that were designed to resemble real world traffic light conditions. Furthermore, Drive 1 included gap acceptance events in which participants had to make a crucial and important decision when selecting a gap to turn left though an oncoming stream of vehicles. Drive 2 included various car following instances and lead vehicle braking events, whereby participants had to react suddenly to avoid a frontal collision. Lastly, Drive 3 was designed to implicitly measure situation awareness on a highway driving environment – but was outside of the scope of the thesis to investigate. Drive 1 and Drive 2 were evaluated in an experiment implemented in an advanced driving simulator. The results from this evaluation experiment showed that both Drive 1 and Drive 2: a) represent real world driving (i.e., have content and face validity); b) are capable of measuring the impact of driver distraction; and c) are capable of distinguishing between the impact on driving of two secondary tasks (one visual/manual, the other auditory/cognitive). In conclusion, the work completed as part of this thesis provided a first and important step towards the development of a complete DDIAT that overcomes the shortcomings of previous tests and tools and also provides the beginnings of a standardised method to assist in overcoming the inconsistencies that exist across studies in the measurement of driver distraction
Dewitte, Jérôme. "Modélisation de l'impact d'un brouillard de gouttes en évaporation et sous pression sur une paroi chauffée". Toulouse, ENSAE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ESAE0002.
Texto completoSerré, Pierre. "Mesure de l'impact électoral d'une minorité, le cas des non-francophones au Québec, 1970 à 1994". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ35639.pdf.
Texto completoRodier, Francine. "Mesure de l'impact de la marque de provenance Aliments du Québec sur la valeur des produits". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/367.
Texto completoChahed, Youssef. "Mesure de l'impact de la liberalisation des marches agricoles sur les echanges et le bien-etre". Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INAP0011.
Texto completoIn This thesis we aim at the evaluation of the impact, of the tariff falls imposed by the 1994's Agricultural Agreement of Uruguay Round (AAUR), and those which will be decided at the end of the next negotiations cycles of the World Trade Organization (WTO). We evaluate how member-states have implemented their commitments, and the effects resulting from it on the market openness. Then, we analyse the consequences of a new program of tariff reductions, focusing on countries signatories of a preferential agreement. The thesis is organized in three chapters. The first recalls the process and modalities of the liberalization of the agricultural products international trade within the framework of the trade negotiations of GATT then of WTO. The second chapter focuses on the last agreements, those of the AAUR, and aims at an assessment of the implementation of member states commitments, as well as the impact of the reduction of protection on trade and welfare. Then, the third chapter raises the question of multilateral negotiations incidences on preferential agreements (more, precisely, the euromediterranean agreements). In background, the debate between regionalism and multilateralism is set
Rousseau, Michel. "L'impact des méthodes de traitement des valeurs manquantes sur les qualités phychométriques d'échelles de mesure de type Likert". Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23426/23426.pdf.
Texto completoThe presence of missing answers for some items of a scale of measurement is a phenomenon which any researcher is suitable to meet during his work. Although bias that an inadequate treatment of this non-response can cause are known since nearly 30 years (Rubin, 1976), knowledge of the effectiveness of the various missing values treatment is still very restricted. The present study aims at making knowledge and practices concerning the treatment of the missing values evolve in the context of Likert type scale. The fundamental problem that missing values pose is that it is impossible not to take it into account at the time of the application of a method of statistical analysis, the majority of these methods having been developed to treat matrices of complete data. The models of measurement used in the analysis of Likert type scale data do not escape from this reality. Two models of measurement are studied more in-depth in this project, the classical test model and the Samejima graded model. The main objective of the research undertaken is to evaluate the effectiveness of five missing values treatment, including the multiple imputation method. Moreover, it was aimed to evaluate the impact of the number of subjects, the number of items and the proportion of the missing values on the effectiveness of the methods. The results of this research seem to suggest that the effectiveness of multiple imputation is higher than the other methods, although depending on the model of measurement considered, other simpler methods seem also effective. In conclusion, it is important to note that because no method of treatment can eliminate completely the bias caused by the presence of missing values, it would be preferable to prevent rather than to cure.
Rousseau, Michel. "L'impact des méthodes de traitement des valeurs manquantes sur les qualités psychométriques d'échelles de mesure de type Likert". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18669.
Texto completoThe presence of missing answers for some items of a scale of measurement is a phenomenon which any researcher is suitable to meet during his work. Although bias that an inadequate treatment of this non-response can cause are known since nearly 30 years (Rubin, 1976), knowledge of the effectiveness of the various missing values treatment is still very restricted. The present study aims at making knowledge and practices concerning the treatment of the missing values evolve in the context of Likert type scale. The fundamental problem that missing values pose is that it is impossible not to take it into account at the time of the application of a method of statistical analysis, the majority of these methods having been developed to treat matrices of complete data. The models of measurement used in the analysis of Likert type scale data do not escape from this reality. Two models of measurement are studied more in-depth in this project, the classical test model and the Samejima graded model. The main objective of the research undertaken is to evaluate the effectiveness of five missing values treatment, including the multiple imputation method. Moreover, it was aimed to evaluate the impact of the number of subjects, the number of items and the proportion of the missing values on the effectiveness of the methods. The results of this research seem to suggest that the effectiveness of multiple imputation is higher than the other methods, although depending on the model of measurement considered, other simpler methods seem also effective. In conclusion, it is important to note that because no method of treatment can eliminate completely the bias caused by the presence of missing values, it would be preferable to prevent rather than to cure.
Rakotomamonjy, Alain. "Caracterisation de la course a pied etude de l'impact au sol par une analyse temps-frequence mesure du deroule du pas". Orléans, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ORLE2056.
Texto completoJacquet, Bernard. "Contribution à l'étude expérimentale et à la modélisation du bruit produit par l'impact d'un jet supersonique sur un obstacle". Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD700.
Texto completoAt lift-off of Ariane launchers, the supersonic jets of the propulsion system impinge on the ground. The aim of this present study was to characterize and to modelize the noise generated by this impingement. The primary interest was to obtain a better understanding of the physical phenomena involved in the sound generation. Thus, most of the attention has been focused on the sound radiated by a supersonic hot jet impinging on a large rigid flat board. Only limited studies related to broadband noise of supersonic jet impingement have been reported. Therefore extensive acoustical experiments were carried out in order to offer support to a modelization. Acoustic field analysis and source localization lead to the following conclusions. When the board is located close to the nozzle exit, the acoustic generation is dominated by the radial wall jet. Ln the other cases, the free jet upstream of the board is the dominant source. The introduction of the board in the jet does not modify the acoustic power radiated and its spectral distribution. This characteristic of supersonic jet impingement noise allows us to assume that the instability waves in the flow still remain the dominant phenomenon in the noise generation. Flow instability calculations have been done and they confirm that, when the board is close to the nozzle exit, most of the noise is generated by the Mach wave radiation associated with the large scale turbulence convected in the wall jet. A semi-empirical model of the sound radiated by supersonic jet impingement was developed. The results confirm the conclusions of the experimental and flow stability studies. Some experiments will be carried out to extend these conclusions to higher supersonic Mach number jet
Dhiaf, Mohamed Mahjoub. "Proposition d'un modèle de mesure de l'impact du total quality management sur la performance globale : cas des entreprises tunisiennes de textile-habillement". Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002975.
Texto completoRoy, Jonathan. "Investigation sur l'impact de la concentration de moussant dans un système solide-liquide-gaz et automatisation d'un capteur de dimension des bulles". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29874/29874.pdf.
Texto completoSurfactant agents are used in flotation columns to improve the physical and chemical properties of the slurry. In general, they directly affect the superficial tension by decreasing the energy necessary for bubble formation and by increasing their elasticity. The main objective of this master’s thesis is to verify the impact of frother concentration in a three-phase (solid/liquid/gas) system on the air hold-up. The thesis also deals with the availability of an automated system for bubble diameter measurement (bubbles viewer) in a three-phase system (slurry-air). The study reveals that for high concentration, hydrophobic particles seem to cancel the effect of the bubble on the gas hold-up. Furthermore, the type of conductivity cell used is problematic because it promotes preferential flow (pulp/bubbles). Lastly, the bubble viewer can be operated with solids, but it is recommended changing its geometry.
Devynck, Faustine. "Boit-on pour arrêter de ruminer ? : l'impact des pensées répétitives sur la consommation d'alcool". Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/EDSHS/2017/DEVYNCK_Faustine.pdf.
Texto completoRepetitive Negative Thinking (RNT) refers to a style of recurring, relatively uncontrollable and prolonged thoughts about one’s current, past or anticipated negative experiences. This transdiagnostic mental process is shared across a wide range of psychological disorders, including alcohol use disorders (AUD). The current thesis examined the link between RNT and alcohol use among patients suffering from an AUD in a processual perspective. The systematic review of the literature on the relationship between RNT and alcohol use highlighted some questions about the impact of sex and anxious or depressed symptoms. To address these unanswered questions, we conducted an ecological study in real time through the use of an electronical application assessing RNT, mood and alcohol consumption among AUD patients. To accomplish this aim, two transdiagnostic scales evaluating RNT were validated. The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire assessed RNT-traits which is the habitual tendency to have RNT, and the Momentary Ruminative Self-Focus Inventory examined RNT-state which is the use of RNT at the time of the assessment. Results of this thesis demonstrated that the link between RNT and alcohol use was direct. They are discussed according to the triphasic metacognitive formulation of problem drinking. The interest of validating the Rumination-focused Cognitive and Behavioural Therapy for AUD patients is developed.Repetitive Negative Thinking (RNT) refers to a style of recurring, relatively uncontrollable and prolonged thoughts about one’s current, past or anticipated negative experiences. This transdiagnostic mental process is shared across a wide range of psychological disorders, including alcohol use disorders (AUD). The current thesis examined the link between RNT and alcohol use among patients suffering from an AUD in a processual perspective. The systematic review of the literature on the relationship between RNT and alcohol use highlighted some questions about the impact of sex and anxious or depressed symptoms. To address these unanswered questions, we conducted an ecological study in real time through the use of an electronical application assessing RNT, mood and alcohol consumption among AUD patients. To accomplish this aim, two transdiagnostic scales evaluating RNT were validated. The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire assessed RNT-traits which is the habitual tendency to have RNT, and the Momentary Ruminative Self-Focus Inventory examined RNT-state which is the use of RNT at the time of the assessment. Results of this thesis demonstrated that the link between RNT and alcohol use was direct. They are discussed according to the triphasic metacognitive formulation of problem drinking. The interest of validating the Rumination-focused Cognitive and Behavioural Therapy for AUD patients is developed
Convers, Pierre. "Étude par STM de la déposition d'agrégats d'or sur TiO₂ et mesure de l'émission électronique secondaire induite par l'impact d'agrégats sur une surface /". Lausanne, 2005. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=3257.
Texto completoBrun-Strang, Catherine. "Intérêt de la modélisation dans le suivi pronostique et la mesure de l'impact économique d'une maladie létale : exemple de la leucémie myeloïde chronique". Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10252.
Texto completoThe introduction of a new anti-cancer therapy such as imatinib raises the question of the evolution of the number of patients treated over time. Imatinib retards progression to advanced stages and treared patients will survive longer. Apart from the clinical benefit for individual patients, there is also an impact on public health and on health expenditure, due not only to prescription changes but also through the increased prevalence of the disease. Prior to market access, the manufacter wanted to dispose of a model that could predict and compare the clinical evolution at 5 years of patients with CML. This mathematical model quantifies the number of patients who will be treated each year with imatinib and evaluates the budget impact relative to existing therapeutic strategies. This approach is used as a basis for the analysis and discussion of the interest and limits of modelling in public health
Harvey, Jany. "L'impact d'un programme d'entraînement de 12 semaines sur la capacité cardiorespiratoire des patients ayant subi une chirurgie bariatrique : étude des déterminants de la capacité cardiorespiratoire". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32631.
Texto completoCardiorespiratory fitness is the primary element of a good physical condition. It regroups several systems: cardiovascular, pulmonary, muscular and mechanical, all of which are affected in the presence of severe obesity. The interpretation of the cardiorespiratory fitness among severe obese is still misunderstood. Up to now, the only effective treatment to counter severe obesity is bariatric surgery. Following a bariatric surgery, several parameters influencing cardiorespiratory fitness are affected. In the scientific literature, the heterogeneity of the evaluation methods to characterize cardiorespiratory fitness does not allow us to take position on its effect. In addition, there is no available information regarding the physical activity intervention following bariatric surgery. The general objective of this dissertation was to evaluate the impact of a structured and supervised training program on the cardiorespiratory fitness inpatients having been subject to bariatric surgery from the direct measure of their consumption of oxygen at the peak of effort (VO2peak). We have demonstrated that with severely obese individuals the major determinant of VO2peak was the pulmonary ventilation at maximum effort. Following the bariatric surgery, we were able to demonstrate the positive impact of a physical activity intervention on patients’ VO2peak. This effect seems to be caused by a better management of pulmonary ventilation, possibly linked to the maintained muscle mass in the intervention group. The results obtain in the context of this dissertation demonstrate the importance of the taking in charge in physical activity for individuals having been subject to bariatric surgery. A thorough analysis of the current literature, combined to our results, allows us to produce verified hypotheses regarding the ideal prescription of training following bariatric surgery. More research will be required in order to better understand the physiological parameters involved, such as the evaluation of physic-histochemical properties of muscle mass.
Le, Goff Jérémie. "Risque de cancer en milieu agricole : apport de la mesure des adduits à l'ADN leucocytaire pour l'évaluation de l'impact génotoxique de l'exposition professionnelle à des pesticides". Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN4035.
Texto completoBreton, Simon-Philippe. "Mesure par spectroscopie des pertes d'énergie électroniques de la section efficace des dommages causés par l'impact des électrons de basse énergie sur des films condensés de tétrahydrofurane". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3387.
Texto completoOrsini, Mattea. "Évaluation de l'impact de l'environnement socio-économique sur le pronostic du cancer du sein : résultats d'une étude Cas-Témoins". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON1T026.
Texto completoContext: Socio-economic inequalities in health represent a significant public health problem. In the breast cancer context, socio-economic deprivation is associated with prognosis. Indeed, a relationship between area-based deprivation and diagnostic stages was already described in the international literature. However, the association between individual deprivation and diagnostic stages was not study so far.Objectives: Our aim was to (1) estimate the risk of advanced breast cancer associated with individual socio-economic deprivation, (2) study the impact of modifying factors, (3) evaluate the strength of this association according to the method used to measure deprivation.Population and methods: Data were collected from a Case-Control study. Cases and Controls were recruited among invasive breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2012 in the Hérault. Cases were defined as patients with poor prognosis breast cancer (with tumor size over 5cm, or with lymph node involvement, or with metastasis). Controls were defined as patients with good prognosis breast cancer (with tumor size under 5cm, and without lymph node involvement, and without metastasis). A total number of 604 patients were included: 173 Cases and 431 Controls. The exposition to deprivation was measured by a standardized questionnaire.Results: Deprived patients, with all other variables remaining constant, have a two-fold risk of having advanced breast cancer compared to non-deprived patients. Deprivation was not associated with the other biological factors (SBR grade, histologic and molecular type). Among asymptomatic patients (diagnosed after a mammographic screening), deprived patients have a higher risk of advanced breast cancer. Among women with family history of breast cancer so as women living in affluent geographic areas, deprived and non-deprived patients have the same risk of advanced breast cancer. Compared to other measures of socio-economic environment (social class, area-based deprivation…), EPICES score seems to be the most adapted method to study the association between deprivation and breast cancer diagnostic stages.Conclusion: Our results suggest that the gap observed between deprived and non-deprived patients seem to be associated with delayed diagnosis more than biological differences between tumors. This delayed diagnosis seems depend on individual and geographic components. Moreover, a better knowledge of breast cancer could allow a reduction of the barrier experienced by deprived women
Deschamps, Mathieu C. "Mesure par spectroscopie des pertes d'énergie de la section efficace des dommages causés par l'impact des électrons de basse énergie sur des films solides de dioxyde de carbone et de cyclopropane". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2003. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3331.
Texto completoJubertie, Fabien. "Les excès climatiques dans le Massif Central français : l'impact des temps forts pluviométriques et anémométriques en Auvergne". Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00188307.
Texto completoLa disposition du relief auvergnat favorise une plus grande fréquence des temps forts pluviométriques sur les bordures montagneuses occidentale et méridionale de la région, tandis que l'espace intérieur (Limagnes, vallées de la Loire et de l'Allier entre autres) n'est que rarement concerné par les fortes chutes d'origines océanique et méditerranéenne. Toutefois, en raison d'une plus grande vulnérabilité des bas-pays urbanisés, les excès sont nettement plus nombreux dans les bassins qu'en montagne. Ces bassins sont, en plus, parfois affectés par des transferts de crues issus des espaces montagnards.
L'analyse des systèmes perturbés générant les temps forts est effectuée soit d'une manière classique par l'étude des cartes isobariques ou encore par utilisation de l'imagerie satellitaire et radar. L'imagerie radar s'avère déterminante pour comprendre l'évolution des systèmes cévenols et orageux. Bien sûr, les excès les plus graves se produisent lorsque les temps forts touchent directement les espaces urbains ou lorsque les transferts de crues les plus importants atteignent les bassins.
L'ensemble du travail aboutit sur une identification de onze territoires possédant des caractères originaux au niveau des vulnérabilités, de la fréquence et de la nature des temps forts ainsi que de l'importance des excès.
Ginoux, Paul. "L'impact de l'activité humaine sur la composition chimique de la troposphère au-dessus de l'Océan Pacifique: développement d'un modèle téléscopique de chimie et de transport atmosphériques et interprétation des résultats de la campagne de mesure MLOPEX". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212164.
Texto completoDe manière à mieux comprendre l'impact des émissions anthropiques sur la troposphère reculée, les concentrations d'un nombre important de composés atmosphériques ont été mesurés dans la troposphère libre au-dessus d'Hawaii durant la campagne Mauna Loa Observatory Photochemistry Experiment (MLOPEX) accomplie au cours des années 1991 et 1992. Le constituant chimique fondamental pour évaluer cet impact est le radical hydroxyle OH qui fut mesuré au printemps et en été de l'année 1992. La variation diurne de la direction du vent génère pendant la journée un mélange des masses d'air de la couche limite planétaire avec la troposphère libre. Actuellement les modèles régional et global de chimie troposphérique ne peuvent tenir compte à la fois du transport à grande échelle et du mélange local. Nous avons développé un modèle tridimensionnel qui nous permet d'analyser la chimie et la dynamique troposphérique à ces deux échelles. Pour ce faire, nous avons utilisé une grille non-structurée qui offre un moyen efficace de caractériser la région d'Hawaii à l'aide d'une haute résolution et le restant de l'hémisphère Nord avec une résolution qui décroît au fur et à mesure que l'on s'éloigne d'Hawaii. La distribution de 46 composés gazeux avec 138 réactions, incluant une chimie détaillée des hydrocarbures non-méthaniques (isoprène, éthane, éthène, propène et alpha-pinène) est calculée avec un pas de temps de 20 minutes. A l'aide de notre modèle nous avons simulé une période de huit jours pour chacune des saisons. Les résultats des simulations ont été comparés aux observations et interprétés à l'aide d'études de rétro-trajectoires, de traceurs passifs et de bilans chimiques local et régional de l'ozone et de ses précurseurs.
Doctorat en sciences appliquées
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Levy, Jean-Pierre. "Les circuits de distribution : théorie, méthode et structures : un essai de mesure comparative de l'impact du conflit et de la coopération sur la performance du détaillant dans les circuits de distribution des produits électroniques domestiques au Canada : étude exploratoire et confirmatoire". Paris 12, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA122000.
Texto completoClergué, Boris. "Évaluation de l'impact des pratiques agricoles sur les fonctions de la biodiversité à l'aide d'indicateurs agri-environnementaux : approche globale et développement d'un indicateur de "résistance aux stress biotiques"". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL048N/document.
Texto completoRelevant tools for assessment are necessary to evaluate the impact of agricultural pratices on the functions provided by biodiversity at the plot scale to the landscape scale. The goal and the innovation of this work has been to explore a new method of creation of an assessment tool of the biodiversity functions. We have chosen like assessment method the agri-environmental indicators, which make it possible to evaluate the impact of agricultural practices on environment compartments (water, soil, air, fauna and flora) and help to decision-making. We thus propose a general architecture of an indicator of functional biodiversity and the detail of an agronomic function indicator of importance: resistance to the biotic stresses. Within this indicator, an under-indicator is: the « role of the terrestrial auxiliaries ». Carabids will be used as model auxiliary for the construction of this under-indicator. Two building methods of indicators are compared: a method with expert saying and a method with data mining, this second method representing an innovation of the thesis. The results of these methods are then compared with field datas leads on the Vittel territory. Field datas related to the follow-up of the carabid populations and the organization of the agricultural landscape. A treatment by a geographical information system allowed the validation of the indicators obtained
Alligier, Louis. "Mesurer l'impact du commerce électronique sur la logistique urbaine". Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/alligier_l.
Texto completoAlligier, Louis Bonnafous Alain. "Mesurer l'impact du commerce électronique sur la logistique urbaine". Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2007/alligier_l.
Texto completoSlimani, Kahina. "Produits biocides désinfectants dans les produits laitiers : méthodes quantitatives d'analyse des résidus et étude de l'impact des procédés de transformation du lait sur l'apparition de produits néoformés selon des approches d'analyse ciblée et non ciblée par spectrométrie de masse". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B011/document.
Texto completoThe thesis work focuses on the presence of disinfectants biocides in dairy products and on the impact of milk processing on the possible appearance of process-induced food contaminants related to the exposition of milk with biocides. Disinfectants biocides are chemicals daily used in the dairy industry in cleaning-disinfection (CD) processes of food contact surfaces. Quaternary ammoniums as benzalkonium chloride (BACs) and dialkyldimethylammonium chloride (DDACs), and the Aminopropyldodecylpropane diamine are the most widely used disinfectants in dairy industry. These biocides can lead residues on the surfaces of food contact materials therefore present a health risk for the consumer. With aim of measuring consumers exposure, two reliable analytical methods have been developed for the analysis of these substances in dairy products involving liquid chromatography hyphenated with tandem mass spectrometry. Raw cow's milk, whole milk powder, hard pressed and processed cheeses were selected as representing the diversity of dairy products. The evaluation of the performances of each of the methods was carried out by the global approach based on the accuracy profile. For most of compounds and matrices studied, analytical methods were validated within the range of 5 to 150 μg/kg. To answer to the questioning of the impact of milk processes on biocides disinfectants residues, the evolution of compounds contents and their fate in the various matrices resulting from the milk were studied. For this, two proof-of-concept studies implementing global chemical fingerprint comparisons, acquired by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry, of processed cheese and hard pressed cheese (contaminated vs control) samples were carried out. These studies allowed to detect 4 discriminant ions linked to the presence of biocides in processed cheese. Their identification remains to be done. Whole this work is related for food safety purposes. The first part was linked to elaborate targeted analytical methods for biocides residues in milk and milk products thus allowing the measurement of biocides residues on food. These measurements are necessary for the risk analysis linked to these residues. The second part is in relation with the question of the behavior of biocides residues within milk processing presenting the strategy, the results we could obtain and the perspective for future works
Gribouval, Marie. "Conception d’un système prédictif pour évaluer l’impact d’un dispositif numérique pour l’orientation des lycéens". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0319.
Texto completoThose research works contribute to the French national project called AILES (“Accompagnement à l'intégration des Lycéens dans l'Enseignement Supérieur”), and focus particularly on digital devices designed to help high school students with their career guidance. In this PhD thesis, the term "digital device" refers to all websites, mobile and/or computer applications. There is a wide variety of information available about digital guidance devices. Some offer discussion tools, while others offer testimonials, for example. We can observe that some are designed to inform students, while others are dedicated to answering their questions or providing career ideas. Given this diversity, it is difficult for guidance professionals to determine which device(s) is most appropriate for a given high school student's profile. There are several limitations to this problem: (1) the lack of a unified, formal representation of digital guidance devices, (2) the lack of large-scale data on the impact of this type of device, and (3) the limited ability to measure the impact on high school students. Based on these limitations, this thesis proposes an ontology and an approach for evaluating and predicting the impact of digital guidance devices on high school students. To achieve this, we worked on three proposals:1) Formal description of digital guidance devices. Here, we consider the description of devices as a characterization of their support, structure, and content. This characterization provides a uniform and formal description of the devices in order to be compared. We have chosen to use an ontology to describe these devices. Ontologies make it possible to describe devices in terms of concepts and possible relationships between these concepts, to create instantiations for each device, and to perform verification. 2) Measuring the impact of these devices. We are only interested in the impact of the device on the guidance process. Several types of impact can be considered as well as several high school student profiles. In this thesis, we propose a model to measure the impact of digital devices on the guidance process of high school students. 3) Predicting the impact of new devices. For some devices, impact measurement is not feasible. Moreover, the number of devices for which the impact is known is small. Thus, this PhD thesis proposes a model based on case-based reasoning to predict the impact of devices for which it is not measurable
Kanga, Kouamé Désiré. "Essais sur l'impact des mesures de politique monétaire non conventionnelle dans la zone euro". Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE0501/document.
Texto completoThe financial and economic crisis has challenged the implementation and the transmission channels ofthe monetary policy. Before the crisis, monetary policy was conducted through a simple interest rate rule.Now, instruments and channels of transmission have become complex and uncertain. In this perspective, thisthesis focuses on theoretical and empirical evaluation of unconventional monetary policies in the heterogeneousenvironment that is the euro area. Chapter 1 analyses the effects of these policies on the cost of credit toenterprises. We show that the direct effects have been limited. Nevertheless, unconventional policies havebeen effective in supporting the zero interest rate policy (indirect effects). Chapter 2 focuses on the effects ofthese policies on the yield curve and the sovereign premium. We point out that these policies have reducedpremiums. Their transmission is strongly influenced by the market expectations and heterogeneous acrosscountries and over time. We discuss in Chapter 3 the macroeconomic and financial implications of thesepolicies. We show that they increased asset prices and lowered interest rates. As a result, credit conditionswere relaxed, which boosted bank lending. These policies have improved the competitiveness of the country,increased output and inflation. However, their effects on the real activity, the credit standard and the creditdemand is slow in some countries. By using a DSGE model in Chapter 4, we find that a strong bankcapitalization and a healthy banking sector enhance the transmission of unconventional policies, in accordancewith what has been found empirically in the first part of the thesis
Bellerive, Claudine. "Utilisation de mesures fonctionnelles ophtalmiques dans l'évaluation de l'impact de traitements rétiniens sur la vision". Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28621/28621.pdf.
Texto completoLalancette, Claudia. "Développement d'une méthode pour mesurer l'impact de la nature des lipides sur la cinétique d'hydrolyse des triglycérides". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33682.pdf.
Texto completoFleury, Anne-Marie. "Indicateurs pour mesurer l'impact minier sur l'environnement, la population et l'économie dans la ville de Potosi en Bolivie". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0015/MQ56402.pdf.
Texto completoNavarro, Pablo. "Étude de l'impact oblique à haute vitesse sur structures en composite sandwich : application aux pales d'hélicoptères". Toulouse 3, 2010. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01883049.
Texto completoIn aeronautics, passenger safety and reliability of structures are essential aspects. For the specific case of helicopters, blades are subjected to impact solicitations. Modelling these phenomena is still difficult and experimental tests often replace the prediction. This work will be focused on the experimental and numerical study of an oblique impact on the skin of the blade. It is equivalent in a first approach to an impact on a sandwich panel made up with a foam core and a thin woven composite skin. First the mechanisms of damage in the skin for this kind of solicitation have been identified experimentally and a study of the influence of the materials on the impact response has been performed. Then a representative model of the damage kinetics adapted to the modelling of the complete structure has been developed. Thus, an F. E. Explicit model has been developed. It relies on the development of a specific damageable element at the bundles scale. Finally, the numerical results obtained have been compared to the experimental results. The modelling allows the identification of the damage mechanism of the woven skin
Lafrance, Bruno. "Modélisation simplifiée de la lumière polarisée émergeant de l'atmopshère : correction de l'impact des aérosols stratosphèriques sur les mesures de POLDER". Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10098.
Texto completoLa performance des algorithmes a été testée en comparant leurs résultats a des simulations exactes. La méthodologie développée pour la correction de la polarisation au-dessus des surfaces terrestres nous a amené a étudier le problème plus général de la formation de la lumière polarisée du système surface - atmosphère ou d'un système a deux couches. Nous avons ainsi pu valider une formulation approchée simple qui permet de séparer les contributions de la surface et de l'atmosphère dans les signaux polarises détectes depuis l'espace. Cette formulation est, de façon plus générale, utilisable pour l'analyse des mesures de polder
Leenhardt, Laurence. "Augmentation de l'incidence du cancer de la thyroïde en France : mesures, indicateurs, analyse des causes, évaluation de l'impact des pratiques cliniques". Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010564.
Texto completoParrot, Laurent. "Étude de l'impact de mesures macro-économiques sur une économie villageoise africaine : un modèle d'équilibre général calculable simplifié d'une petite ville". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010017.
Texto completoThe purpose of this thesis is (I) to give an accurate framework of an African village-town economy and its global organization, and (II) to create two models, a social accounting matrix and a general equilibrium model. These two models are used in view to better understand the interactions between the actors of the economy. The general equilibrium model is relatively simple (the elasticities are equal to one or zero, and we use linear functions), but it gives an accurate idea of a complex economy, integrating local specificities. The linear model shows a town completely demand-driven and with no supply constraints. The general equilibrium model shows different results with the integration of more realistic constraints (decreasing return to scale, endogeneous crop prices, prices etc. . . ). It is possible to study price policies, credit policies, marketing policies, income policies, tax policies, and the effects of a deteriorating ecological environment on agriculture. The opportunity to be able to modelize a town or a village makes it possible to analyse the effects of such policies on the different households groups
Jeanne, Benoît. "Etude par diagnostics optiques de l'impact d'une très haute pression d'injection sur le fonctionnement d'un moteur à injection directe essence". Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUES058.
Texto completoDue to the difficulties encountered in the development of gasoline direct injection engines, PSA Peugeot Citroën has recently proposed a new concept called "very high injection pressure". Its purpose is to enhance fuel-air mixture formation by using high injection pressure up to 1000 bars. In order to investigate the effect of this high injection pressure on engine performances, an analysis of the properties of injection system and sprays has been carried out using a pressurized cell. Then, the very high pressure injection system has been tested on an optical engine with the aim of studying combustion and fuel-air mixing within the combustion chamber. In both cases, various optical diagnoses set-up have been used in order to enable physical comprehension of injection and combustion processes in the particular case of very high injection pressure
Léon, Jean-François. "Evaluation de l'impact radiatif des aerosols d'origine anthropique a l'echelle regionale grace a une synergie instrumentale entre teledetection et mesures in situ". Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA077135.
Texto completoBakouka, Serge. "Le coût social de l'impôt et la fiscalité des ménages : mesures économétriques pour quelques pays africains". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994IEPP0026.
Texto completoWhen the government collects a dollar in tax revenue, the cost to taxpayers is actually greater than on follar : when taxes shift resources from taxpayers to government, they also distort decisions about the use of resources remaining in the private sector. For every dollar of tax revenue collected, the public loses that dollar (a direct cost) and also bears a cost in form of a less efficiently functioning economy. In effect, the distorsion due to taxes, which are generally referred to as welfare costs or excess burden, are kind of hidden cost associated with the expenditure of tax dollars. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid by public finance economists to the marginal excess burden per additional dollar of tax revenue. But, all theses works and estimations have been focused on industrial countries what's about developing countries? In this paper, we estimate the welfare cost of tax revenues in developing countries. We find that the marginal welfare costs of taxes in theses countries are larger than in developed countries. The welfare loss from one percent increase in the marginal tax rate is in range of 0,12 to 1,54 CFA franc per CFA franc of extra revenue, when we use elasticity assumptions that we consider to be plausible
Marquet, Pascal. "L'impact des TIC dans l'enseignement et la formation : mesures, modèles et méthodes ; contribution à l'évolution du paradigme comparatiste des usages de l'informatique en pédagogie". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00343142.
Texto completoLa seconde conception, dite médiatisée, met l'accent sur le média, les échanges interpersonnels et la dématérialisation des contenus d'enseignement rendus possibles par l'usage des réseaux numériques, notamment à partir du milieu des années quatre-vingt-dix. La vérification des effets des usages scolaires de l'Internet et la mise au jour des effets de la distance en formation révèlent notamment le faible pouvoir prédictif des modèles disponibles.
Enfin, la troisième vision est celle des situations d'enseignement-apprentissage instrumentées, depuis la banalisation récente des TIC en pédagogie. Elle permet de s'affranchir des deux précédentes et de comprendre pourquoi les différences qui peuvent être établies entre la présence et l'absence d'un système technique ou les différences intermédias sont si peu nombreuses et si locales. En effet, le fait de se focaliser sur l'attribution de fonctions par les usagers et sur la construction et l'adaptation de leurs habiletés confère aux usages dominants et antérieurs aux artefacts informatiques une importance insoupçonnée.
Ces changements de paradigme sont illustrés par neuf expérimentations ou observations, conduites dans des conditions de classe en milieu scolaire ou de formation en stage, le tout réparti sur une douzaine d'années. Ces travaux s'ouvrent sur l'étude des conflits instrumentaux, qui seraient les marqueurs des interférences susceptibles d'intervenir entre les différents niveaux de genèse instrumentale des artefacts didactiques emboîtés dans des artefacts informatiques.
Marquet, Pascal. "L'impact des TIC dans l'enseignement et la formation : Mesures, modèles et méthodes. Contribution à l'évolution du paradigme comparatif des usages de l'informatique en pédagogie". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/edutice-00000384.
Texto completoMénard, Mikaël. "Exploration objective de l'audition à partir des auditory steady-state responses et adaptation à l'implant cochléaire". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00413409.
Texto completoDrouzy, Marion. "Etude de l'impact terrigène naturel et anthropique sur un système lagonaire tropical grâce à une approche de modélisation 3D hydro-sédimentaire liée à un réseau de mesures". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0455.
Texto completoThis thesis presents the adaptation of a hydrodynamic model to the lagoon of New Caledonia, potentially impacted by nickel activity. Hydrodynamic modeling is a tool for estimating and managing spatiotemporal risks for downstream areas. The MARS3D model has been implemented to study the dispersion of a dissolved material (tracer) from rivers. The tracking of this tracer, under the influence of different physical forcings, made it possible to apprehend the fate of dissolved pollutants potential from the mining industry. A residence time characteristic of hydrodynamics, calculated using the model and called the local e-Flushing time (eFTs), has been proposed to determine the zones with the longest residence times, and therefore the prediction of stagnant areas of possible pollutants in the water column, depending on wind and tidal conditions. This indicator is a predictive information tool, easily and quickly exploitable in an approach to estimate pollution risks. The last phase of the thesis work was the implementation of the coupling between the existing hydrodynamic module and the sedimentary module. An important test phase of the various parameterization options was necessary to reproduce the sedimentary characteristics measured in situ. Several pieces of information remain missing, which makes it difficult to use the module for forecasting purposes. However, the influence of terrigenous inputs on the entire modeled domain has been highlighted, raising the potential pollution risks via fixation of contaminants on deposited particles
Ruan, Jinyu Jason. "Analyse et modélisation de l'impact des décharges électrostatiques et des agressions électromagnétiques sur les microcommutateurs". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00512333.
Texto completoGarcia, Liliana y Liliana Garcia. "L'impact des techniques d'évaluation d'un test aux enjeux critiques sur l'enseignement des langues : le cas de l'examen final de fin du programme d'Arts et Lettres au Cégep". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28276.
Texto completoTableau d’honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2016-2017
Cette étude explore l'impact d'un examen final collégial aux enjeux critiques sur les pratiques d'enseignement et les perceptions des participants appartenant au programme d’Arts et lettres au Québec. Le test analysé lors de cette recherche mesure simultanément les compétences des étudiants en trois ou quatre langues (anglais, français, allemand et espagnol) en utilisant des techniques d'évaluation communes. L'étude a été menée dans un cégep anglophone et un francophone de la Ville de Québec. Des données ont été recueillies auprès de 67 étudiants et de sept enseignants en ayant recours à la méthode mixte séquentielle exploratoire comme modèle de recherche. D’ailleurs, nous avons utilisée plusieurs instruments de collecte (des entrevues avec les enseignants, des observations en classe, des analyses de documents et des questionnaires pour les enseignants et les étudiants) afin de collecter toutes les données de cette étude. Les résultats des analyses quantitatives (analyse multivariée, ANOVA) et qualitatives des données montrent que les tâches du test exercent une influence évidente sur le choix des activités menées en classe par les enseignants. Alors que le contenu (les connaissances littéraires ou générales) et le format (individuel ou collectif) des tâches de l’examen sont influencés par les cours du programme. Les conclusions indiquent une relation bidirectionnelle, la plupart du temps positive, entre les tâches de ce test aux enjeux critiques et le contenu des cours du programme. Les résultats montrent en outre que cette relation bidirectionnelle repose en partie sur la compréhension profonde que les enseignants ont des compétences promues par les cours des différents programmes, ainsi que sur leur connaissance des techniques d'évaluation qui mesurent le mieux ces compétences. L'implication de ces résultats pour les étudiants et le système éducatif est discutée.
Cette étude explore l'impact d'un examen final collégial aux enjeux critiques sur les pratiques d'enseignement et les perceptions des participants appartenant au programme d’Arts et lettres au Québec. Le test analysé lors de cette recherche mesure simultanément les compétences des étudiants en trois ou quatre langues (anglais, français, allemand et espagnol) en utilisant des techniques d'évaluation communes. L'étude a été menée dans un cégep anglophone et un francophone de la Ville de Québec. Des données ont été recueillies auprès de 67 étudiants et de sept enseignants en ayant recours à la méthode mixte séquentielle exploratoire comme modèle de recherche. D’ailleurs, nous avons utilisée plusieurs instruments de collecte (des entrevues avec les enseignants, des observations en classe, des analyses de documents et des questionnaires pour les enseignants et les étudiants) afin de collecter toutes les données de cette étude. Les résultats des analyses quantitatives (analyse multivariée, ANOVA) et qualitatives des données montrent que les tâches du test exercent une influence évidente sur le choix des activités menées en classe par les enseignants. Alors que le contenu (les connaissances littéraires ou générales) et le format (individuel ou collectif) des tâches de l’examen sont influencés par les cours du programme. Les conclusions indiquent une relation bidirectionnelle, la plupart du temps positive, entre les tâches de ce test aux enjeux critiques et le contenu des cours du programme. Les résultats montrent en outre que cette relation bidirectionnelle repose en partie sur la compréhension profonde que les enseignants ont des compétences promues par les cours des différents programmes, ainsi que sur leur connaissance des techniques d'évaluation qui mesurent le mieux ces compétences. L'implication de ces résultats pour les étudiants et le système éducatif est discutée.
This study explores the impact of a high-stakes college exit test on the teaching practices and perceptions of the stakeholders in the program of Arts and Humanities in Quebec. The test under investigation simultaneously measures test takers’ abilities in three or four languages (English, French, German and Spanish) using common evaluation techniques. The study was conducted in two major Anglophone and Francophone colleges in Quebec City. Adopting an exploratory sequential mixed-methods research design, data was gathered from 67 test takers and seven teachers using multiple instruments (teacher interviews, classroom observations, document analysis and teacher and student questionnaires). The results of the quantitative (multivariate analysis, ANOVA) and qualitative analysis of data show that the test tasks clearly influence the choice of classroom activities done by teachers; while the content (literary or general knowledge) and the format (individual or group) of the test tasks are influenced by the program courses. The findings point to a bidirectional and, for the most part, positive relationship between the high-stakes test tasks and the content of the program courses. The findings further show that this bidirectional relationship is driven in part by the teachers’ deep understanding of the competences promoted by the different program courses, as well as their familiarity with the evaluation techniques that best measure such competences. The implication of these results for the test takers and the educational system is discussed.
This study explores the impact of a high-stakes college exit test on the teaching practices and perceptions of the stakeholders in the program of Arts and Humanities in Quebec. The test under investigation simultaneously measures test takers’ abilities in three or four languages (English, French, German and Spanish) using common evaluation techniques. The study was conducted in two major Anglophone and Francophone colleges in Quebec City. Adopting an exploratory sequential mixed-methods research design, data was gathered from 67 test takers and seven teachers using multiple instruments (teacher interviews, classroom observations, document analysis and teacher and student questionnaires). The results of the quantitative (multivariate analysis, ANOVA) and qualitative analysis of data show that the test tasks clearly influence the choice of classroom activities done by teachers; while the content (literary or general knowledge) and the format (individual or group) of the test tasks are influenced by the program courses. The findings point to a bidirectional and, for the most part, positive relationship between the high-stakes test tasks and the content of the program courses. The findings further show that this bidirectional relationship is driven in part by the teachers’ deep understanding of the competences promoted by the different program courses, as well as their familiarity with the evaluation techniques that best measure such competences. The implication of these results for the test takers and the educational system is discussed.
Čičin-Šain, Nevia. "Analyse comparée des dispositifs de lutte contre l'évasion fiscale en droit fiscal croate et français : le cas de l'impôt sur les sociétés". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010288.
Texto completoTax avoidance is generally used to describe the arrangement of a taxpayer's affairs that is intended to reduce his tax liability in accordance with the letter of the law, but contrary to the intention of the lawmaker. A special problem for the integrity of the tax system is avoidance of corporate tax, the importance of which is reflected in the presence of measures for its curbing in political programmes of EU countries as well as the OECD which elaborated the Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profil Shifting (BEPS). This double degree thesis will investigate the current state of Croatian measures for combatting corporate tax avoidance, by performing a comparative analysis with the French system, in order to propose enhancements of the national system of measures. Given the fact that corporate tax avoidance appears in a multitude of forms and that tackling it requires a comprehensive approach, the research will aim at enhancing not only Croatian material but also procedural tax rules for curbing corporate tax avoidance
Supper, Jean-Marc. "Mesure de l'impact du commerce international sur le marché du travail des industries canadiennes". Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5152/1/M12638.pdf.
Texto completo