Tesis sobre el tema "Membrane treatments"
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Pinos, Vélez Verónica Patricia. "Development and optimization of catalytic membrane reactors for wastewater treatments". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/365578.
Texto completoSe obtuvieron diferentes reactores catalíticos de membrana (RCM) desde membranas de fibra hueca de corindón y nanopartículas de paladio obtenidas por diferentes métodos: Impregnación a humedad incipiente, sputtering, microemulsion y aleación con cobre por el método del poliol. Los RCM fueron probados en medio acuoso, presión ambiental y temperatura ambiente o 60C en la generación in situ de peróxido de hidrógeno, oxidación e hidrogenación de fenol e ibuprofeno y reducción de Cr(VI). Los RCM actuaron como interfaz catalítica para que el hidrógeno se active y reaccione con el oxígeno o el compuesto orgánico o inorgánico. Los RCM con paladio por impregnación fueron los únicos que presentaron actividad y estabilidad en las pruebas. Este comportamiento se dio gracias a la presencia de átomos y clusters de paladio. La falta de actividad de los otros catalizadores de paladio se debió a la formación de hidruro de paladio en las condiciones de reacción.
Different catalytic membrane reactors (CMRs) were obtained from hollow fiber membranes corundum and palladium nanoparticles obtained by different methods: Incipient wetness impregnation , sputtering , microemulsion and copper alloy by the method of the polyol. The CMRs were tested in aqueous medium, ambient pressure and ambient temperature or 60C for the in situ generation of hydrogen peroxide, oxidation and hydrogenation of phenol and ibuprofen and reduction of Cr(VI). The catalytic CMR acted as interface for the reactions between hydrogen with oxygen or organic or inorganic compound. Only the CMRs with palladium by impregnation were actives and stabilites during the tests. This behavior occurred thanks to the presence of clusters and single atoms of palladium. The lack of activity of the other kind of palladium catalysts were due to the formation of palladium hydride in the reaction conditions.
Wu, Hong. "Sulfate radical based ceramic catalytic membranes for water treatments". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2382.
Texto completoGandi, Ravikishor. "Treatments of hemi caustic and extractives streams". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44781.
Texto completoYu, Feiran. "Physicochemical Modifications of Milk Fat Globule Membrane Proteins During Temperature Processing of Milk". The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1534770720065921.
Texto completoFrancis, A. "The effects of ageing and low temperature pre-sowing treatments on the membrane status and germination performance of tomato seeds". Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304311.
Texto completoMaxwell, Deborah. "REMEDIATION OF HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION IN SEDIMENTS: APPLICATION OF IN SITU TREATMENT UTILIZING EMULSIFIED LIQUID MEMBRANE AN". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4329.
Texto completoM.S.
Department of Chemistry
Sciences
Industrial Chemistry MS
Osborn, Shawn James. "Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Dispersion-Cast and Extruded Nafion Membranes Subjected to Thermal and Chemical Treatments". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37517.
Texto completoPh. D.
MANIGAS, LUISA. "Use of membrane bioreactors for the bioremediation of groundwater polluted by chlorinated compounds". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/265895.
Texto completoWagh, Priyesh Ashokrao. "SYNTHESIS OF BIOLOGICALLY-INSPIRED NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANES USING PROTECTED, MUTATED, AND SIMULATED AQUAPORINS". UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cme_etds/92.
Texto completoTimoteo, J?nior Jos? Fl?vio. "Membrana de alumina an?dica: comportamento da microestrutura e estudo das propriedades ?pticas ap?s tratamento t?rmico". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12798.
Texto completoCoordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
Thin commercial aluminum electrolytic and passed through reactions was obtained with anodic alumina membranes nanopores. These materials have applications in areas recognized electronic, biomedical, chemical and biological weapons, especially in obtaining nanostructures using these membranes as a substrate or template for processing nanowires, nanodots and nanofibers for applications noble. Previous studies showed that the membranes that have undergone heat treatment temperature to 1300? C underwent changes in morphology, crystal structure and optical properties. This aim, this thesis, a study of the heat treatment of porous anodic alumina membranes, in order to obtain and to characterize the behavior changes structures during the crystallization process of the membranes, at temperatures ranging between 300 and 1700? C. It was therefore necessary to mount a system formed by a tubular furnace resistive alumina tube and controlled environment, applying flux with special blend of Ag-87% and 13% N2, in which argon had the role of carrying out the oxygen nitrogen system and induce the closing of the pores during the densification of the membrane. The duration of heat treatment ranged from 60 to 15 minutes, at temperatures from 300 to 1700? C respectively. With the heat treatment occurred: a drastic reduction of porosity, grain growth and increased translucency of the membrane. For the characterization of the membranes were analyzed properties: Physical - thermogravimetric, X-ray diffraction, BET surface area; morphological - SEM, EDS through compositional and, optical absorbance, and transmittance in the UV-VIS, and FTIR. The results using the SEM showed that crystallization has occurred, densification and significant changes in membrane structure, as well as obtaining microtube, the BET analysis showed a decrease in specific surface area of the membranes has to 44.381 m2.g-1 to less than 1.8 m2.g-1 and in the analysis of transmittance and absorbance was found a value of 16.5% in the range of 800 nm, characteristic of the near infrared and FTIR have confirmed the molecular groups of the material. Thus, one can say that the membranes were mixed characteristics and properties which qualify for use in gas filtration system, as well as applications in the range of optical wavelength of the infra-red, and as a substrate of nanomaterials. This requires the continuation and deepening of additional study
L?minas delgadas de alum?nio comercial passaram por rea??es eletrol?ticas e obtiveram-se membranas de alumina an?dica com nanoporos. Estes materiais t?m reconhecidas aplica??es nas ?reas eletr?nicas, biom?dicas, qu?micas e biol?gicas, principalmente, na obten??o de nanoestruturas utilizando estas membranas como substrato ou molde para processamento de nanofios, nanopontos e nanofibras para aplica??es nobres. Estudos anteriores apontaram que as membranas que passaram por tratamentos t?rmicos at? a temperatura de 1300? C, sofreram altera??es na morfologia, na estrutura cristalina e nas propriedades ?pticas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o estudo do tratamento t?rmico de membranas de alumina an?dica porosas, com o intuito de obter e caracterizar as altera??es de comportamento das estruturas, durante o processo de cristaliza??o das membranas, em temperaturas que variaram entre 300 e 1700? C. Assim, foi necess?rio montar um sistema formado por um forno resistivo tubular e tubo de alumina com ambiente controlado, aplicando fluxo com mistura especial de Ar-87% e N2-13%, no qual o arg?nio teve o papel de carrear o oxig?nio para fora do sistema e o nitrog?nio de induzir o fechamento dos poros, durante a densifica??o das membranas. A dura??o dos tratamentos t?rmicos variou de 60 a 15 minutos, para as temperaturas de 300 at? 1700? C respectivamente. Com o tratamento t?rmico ocorreu redu??o dr?stica da porosidade, crescimento do gr?o e aumento da translucidez da membrana. Para a caracteriza??o das membranas, foram feitas an?lises das propriedades: f?sica - termogravim?trica; difra??o de raios-X, ?rea superficial BET; morfol?gica - MEV, composicional atrav?s do EDS; e, ?ptica - transmit?ncia e absorb?ncia no UV-VIS e FTIR. Os resultados por meio do MEV mostraram que ocorreu cristaliza??o, densifica??o e mudan?as significativas na estrutura das membranas, bem como, a obten??o de microtubo; a an?lise de BET constatou uma diminui??o na ?rea superficial espec?fica das membranas que passou de 44,381m2.g-1, para menos de 1,8m2.g-1; na an?lise de transmit?ncia e absorb?ncia foi encontrado um valor de 16,5 % na faixa de 800nm, caracter?stico do infravermelho pr?ximo e no FTIR foram confirmadas os grupos moleculares do material. Assim, pode-se afirmar que as membranas apresentaram caracter?sticas mistas e propriedades que as qualificam para o uso em sistema de filtra??o de gases, bem como, de aplica??es ?ticas na faixa do comprimento de onda do Infravermelho, e como substrato de nanomateriais. Isto requer a continuidade e aprofundamento em estudos complementares
Chung, Kyung Sun. "Membrane Distillation for Leachate Treatment with Fenton Pre-Coagulation Treatment Process". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96701.
Texto completoMaster of Science
Landfilling has been recognized as a principal disposal process of municipal solid wastes globally over the past decades, and this disposal method has been one of the leading concerns for a continuous production of landfill leachate. Leachate is considered as a complex wastewater with a variety of organic and inorganic species which must meet strict discharge standards before its release. Due to such high concentration of diverse pollutants, leachate is low in biodegradation; therefore, a proper usage of physicochemical treatments is required. In this study, membrane distillation (MD) has been used along with Fenton treatment process for pre-coagulation to achieve an effective removal of contaminants. MD is a technology derived with vapor pressure difference across the hydrophobic membrane which traps the feed-wastewater vapor at the entrance of the hydrophobic side before permeation. MD has several advantages which include reduced operating temperature compared to conventional distillation processes, fewer requirements of membrane cleaning, and lower operating hydraulic pressure than other conventional pressure-driven membrane processes such as reverse osmosis (RO). This technology has a common drawback along with other membrane-required technologies which is dealing with foulants. For a reduction in membrane fouling, Fenton oxidation is coupled in the leachate treatment process. Fenton is reserved to be the most effective for leachate treatment and is widely used due to its simple operation and low costs.
King, Stanley Wayne. "Mass Transfer Analysis of Polyether Sulfone and Polyamide Membranes Modified by Ion Beam Irradiation". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1083875419.
Texto completoChen, Jeffrey Bou-Wei. "Membrane bioreactors for anaerobic treatment of wastewaters". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/32045.
Texto completoApplied Science, Faculty of
Civil Engineering, Department of
Graduate
Brookes, Adam. "Immersed membrane bioreactors for produced water treatment". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2005. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4508.
Texto completoFawehinmi, Folasade. "Anaerobic membrane bioreactors for municipal wastewater treatment". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8042.
Texto completoChtourou, Mariem. "Pharmaceutical and personal care products removal by advanced treatment technologies". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664966.
Texto completoAquesta tesi ha avualuat diferents tractament per l'eliminació d'influent amb alta concentració de fàrmacs i productes cosmètics. Primerament, una estat de l’art sobre els diferents tractaments per eliminar triclosan ha permès establir quines tipologies de tractament podrien ser els més rendibles tant a nivell operacional com de costos. Els tractaments avaluats han estat a) adsorció, b) processos d’oxidació avançada, i c) tractament per filtració amb membrana. La tecnologia de membrana va ser una de les tecnologies escollides per analitzar la capacitat per eliminar els productes farmacèutics i cosmètics, així com per poder establir les causes de l’embrutiment de les membranes. Els compostos escollit en aquest estudi van ser el triclosan, la carbamazepina i la cafeïna. Els rendiments d’eliminació van ser elevats pel triclosan i al cafeïna (>90%), mentre que la carbamazepina va ser molt inferior degut a seu poder recalcitrant (<40%). En l’experimentació també es va detectar una inhibició del procés de nitrificació, degut a la presència de triclosan. Aquesta inhibició és va confirmar en un estudi complementari on es va quantificar la pèrdua de la capacitat nitrificant en un 60%. El darrer capítol es centra en l’avaluació de l’adsorció com a tecnologia de tractament. En aquest cas s’ha utilitzat el suro com a material adsorbent i s’han presentat resultats de caracterització del material i resultats de capacitat d’adsorció. Per dur a terme l’experimentació es va triar la tecnologia de llit fix per tractar quatre composts farmacèutics (diclofenac, fetoprofen, naproxen i carbamazepina) i dos productes cosmètics (triclosan i metilparaben). La metodologia d’anàlisi va ser la micro-extracció en tub de silicona amb HPLC-DAD. Els resultats obtinguts van demostrar que el triclosan era el compost amb major capacitat de ser eliminat i el diclofenac el que presentava menors rendiments. TCS> CBZ i MPB> KET i NAP> DCF
Pacholik, Lucy C. "USE OF FUNCTIONALIZED BIMETALLIC MEMBRANES FOR TREATMENT OF CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER AT A HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE IN KENTUCKY". UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/83.
Texto completoHandelsman, Timothy David. "Membranes for Biorefineries". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14569.
Texto completoFonseca, Anabela Duarte. "Denitrification in Membrane Bioreactors". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35212.
Texto completoMaster of Science
Pavasant, Prasert. "Modelling of the extractive membrane bioreactor process". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266478.
Texto completoEscalona, Hernández Ivonne Graciela. "Membrane-assisted advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284445.
Texto completoBisfenol A (BPA) y tartrazina (TAR) pertenecen al grupo de compuestos que son potencialmente dañinos para la recuperación de aguas residuales. BPA es un perturbador del sistema hormonal o disruptor endocrino, mientras que la TAR es un colorante azo. Variedad de industrias, especialmente la industria papelera y textil producen un gran volumen de aguas residuales que están contaminadas con BPA y colorantes. Por lo tanto, los efluentes que contiene tanto BPA como colorantes, deben ser gestionados de manera eficiente con la finalidad de evitar problemas ambientales vinculados a ellos. Durante la última década, varios métodos para la eliminación de BPA y TAR de aguas residuales han sido probados, resultando ser eficaces y potencialmente aplicables a gran escala. Sin embargo, la mayoría de ellos todavía enfrentan problemas de costes, lo cual exige su desarrollo. La nanofiltración (NF) ofrece una solución adecuada para la eliminación de BPA y colorantes de las soluciones acuosas debido a su capacidad para remover sustancias orgánicas disueltas. Es por ello que en esta tesis, la NF en flujo cruzado usando membranas poliméricas fue utilizada para remover BPA y TAR de soluciones acuosas. Adicionalmente, la degradación de BPA y TAR durante los tratamientos por Fenton, ozonación y enzimático bajo diferentes condiciones de operación, en combinación con su posterior NF fueron ensayados. Resultados indican que tanto el BPA como la TAR pueden ser eficientemente degradados por estos procesos. El uso de un sistema integrado membrana-reactor mostró el potencial y las limitaciones del uso de los procesos de oxidación avanzada en conjunto con membranas de NF para la remoción del BPA y de la TAR. En general elevadas eficiencias de remoción fueron alcanzadas con las diferentes membranas de NF utilizadas.
Bisphenol A (BPA) and tartrazine (TAR) belong to the compounds which are potentially harmful during wastewater reclamation. BPA is a typical Endocrine Disrupting Chemical and TAR is an azo dye. Variety of industry, especially paper and textile industries produces a large volume of wastewater that is polluted with BPA and dyes. Therefore, BPA and dyes-charged effluents need to be efficiently managed in order to avoid environmental problems linked to them. During the last decade, several methods for BPA and TAR removal of wastewater have been found effective and potentially applicable for scaling up. However, most of them still face cost problems, thus demanding further development. It is generally accepted that nanofiltration (NF) offers an adequate solution for the removal of BPA and dyes from the aqueous solutions owing to its capacity to remove dissolved organics. In the present thesis, crossflow NF using thin film composite polymeric membranes were applied to reject BPA and TAR from aqueous solutions. Additionally, the degradation of BPA and TAR during Fenton’s, ozonation and enzymatic processes under different operational conditions, in combination with subsequent NF of low concentration remnant BPA and TAR and compounds derived from oxidation was investigated. Results indicate that BPA and TAR could be degraded efficiently in aqueous phase by Fenton, ozonation and enzymatic processes. The use of a membrane-reactor integrated system for BPA and TAR degradation demonstrated the potential and limitations of using advance oxidation processes, operated in a recycling mode coupled to a NF membrane. In general, high BPA and TAR removal efficiencies for several NF membranes were achieved.
Hu, Alan Yung-Chih. "Anaerobic in-tank membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414422.
Texto completoAlvarez-Vazquez, H. "Membrane bioreactors for sewage and stabilised leachate treatment". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2005. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11104.
Texto completoAlvarez-Vazquez, Héctor. "Membrane bioreactors for sewage and stabilised leachate treatment". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2005. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11104.
Texto completoRAO, PRASANNA. "TREATMENT OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE USING MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1006887417.
Texto completoPhelane, Lisebo. "Metal nanoparticle modified polysulfone membrane for water treatment". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4480.
Texto completoMembrane separation processes have been widely applied in the treatment of wastewater with polysulfone (PSF) polymer membrane being the most frequently used in ultrafiltration of wastewater due to its chemical and structural stability and mechanical robustness. The disadvantage to these membranes is their hydrophobicity which leads to membrane fouling caused by organic pollutants in water. Many studies have been conducted to increase the hydrophilic properties of the polysulfone membrane surface. Most recently metal oxide nanoparticles have been introduced to the polymer matrix in order to reduce membrane fouling and increase its hydrophilicity with measurable success. Natural organic matters are the one of the major fouling agents during ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis and microfiltration. Two organic acids (Tannic Acid and Alginic Acid) were selected to test the fouling behaviour of nanometallic synthesised polysulfone membranes. For this study, polysulfone casting suspension was prepared by dissolving polysulfone beads in N,N-dimethly acetamide. Three metallic nanoparticles of Silver, Cobalt and Nickel were selected to improve the hydrophilicity of the polysulfone membrane. The metal nanoparticles were prepared using the chemical reduction method. Cobalt nanoparticles were synthesized by dissolving the cobalt chloride salt in deionized water and reduced with sodium borohydride at room temperature. The nickel chloride salt was dissolved in ethanol and reduced with sodium borohydride under magnetic stirrer. Silver nanoparticles were prepared by dissolving the silver nitrate in deionised water and heated to boil, the sodium citrate was added to reduced the silver nitrate. These nanoparticles were then integrated into the polysulfone polymer matrix to form the metal nanoparticle polysulfone nanocomposites. This study focused on four prepared polysulfone nanocomposite membrane; 1 unmodified polysulfone (PSF), 2 polysulfone modified with cobalt nanoparticles (PSF/Co), 3 polysulfone modified with nickel nanoparticles (PSF/Ni) and 4 polysulfone modified with silver nanoparticles (PSF/Ag).
Banks, Stacie. "The treatment of landfill leachate using an MFUF membrane system: Focusing on membrane fouling". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26572.
Texto completoKeen, Michael. "Evaluation of the impact of membrane change at a membrane softening water treatment plant". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002961.
Texto completoSemião, Andrea J. C. "Removal of adsorbing estrogenic micropollutants by nanofiltration membranes in cross-flow : experiments and model development". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5742.
Texto completoGoldman, Joshua E. "Relationship between biofilm removal and membrane performance using Dunedin reverse osmosis water treatment plant as a case study". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002162.
Texto completoYan, Bing. "Effects of Thermal Treatments on Perfluorosulfonate Ionomer Membranes". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44195.
Texto completoMaster of Science
Walker, Steven. "Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration of Ottawa River Water: Impact of Different Pre-treatment Schemes". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31323.
Texto completoGiacobbo, Alexandre. "Biorreator à membrana aplicado ao tratamento de efluentes". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/26538.
Texto completoThe preoccupation with the quality of water resources is intensifying studies about advanced technologies for wastewater treatment. A promising technology in Brazil is the membrane bioreactors (MBR), due its capacity to operate with high application rates and may also obtains a treated effluent able to reuse. Thus, this work aimed to study a MBR with external membrane module. Firstly, it has been determined operational parameters by preliminary studies, namely: membrane compactation, hydraulic permeability and permeability to activated sludge. After that, the MBR was setting. Then, it was initially fed a synthetic wastewater and, then, with tannery wastewater collected after conventional treatment. Operating with synthetic wastewater, it was obtained a reduction of more than 95% for COD and turbidity. The operation with tannery wastewater post treatment resulted in efficiency of 46%, 88%, 16%, 67% and 48% for COD, BOD5, TKN, Total-P and chromium, respectively. Moreover, after 15 days of operation, the system has stabilized with high permeate flux: 43 L/m².h.
Alkmim, Aline Ribeiro. "Membrane Bioreactor for treating petroleum refinery effluent: treatment performance, membrane fouling mechanism and fouling control". Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUBD-9Y2HVT.
Texto completoO trabalho desenvolvido aborda o uso do BRM tratando efluente de petróleo e estratégias operacionais que possam minimizar a incrustação. Primeiramente, avaliou-se o desempenho do BRM em termos de remoção de poluentes e investigou-se o comportamento da incrustação em ocorrências de cargas de choque. Os resultados demonstraram que o BRM foi capaz de reduzir efetivamente os poluentes, alcançando padrões de descarte e reuso. Os resultados de IV mostraram que a matéria orgânica é removida por oxidação biológica e/ou retenção por adsorção no lodo biológico ou retenção pela membrana. Além disso, verificou-se que o SMP é produzido durante o tratamento. Em relação à permeabilidade da membrana, verificou-se que a fração solúvel do lodo biológico contribui significativamente para a incrustação da membrana devido a presença de SMP. No segundo estudo a filtrabilidade do lodo foi estudada como um importante parâmetro para a avaliação das propriedades do lodo e o potencial de incrustação da membrana em BRM. Foram comparados três métodos de determinação da filtrabilidade relatados na literatura em termos de capacidade de detecção de variações da qualidade do lodo e da reprodutibilidade, avaliando a aplicação deste parâmetro como ferramenta para o monitoramento e controle de incrustação de BRM. O estudo mostrou que o método Time To Filter foi o mais eficiente para medição da filtrabilidade, tanto em termos de capacidade de detecção de variação da qualidade do lodo, como em reprodutibilidade. Verificou-se também que a filtrabilidade está diretamente relacionada ao potencial de incrustação na membrana. Encontraram-se correlações significativas da filtrabilidade com os parâmetros COT coloidal, EPS e tamanho de floco. No terceiro estudo, avaliou-se a utilização de um polieletrólito catiônico a fim de melhorar a filtrabilidade do lodo e consequentemente controlar a incrustação da membrana. Dosagens corretiva e preventiva do polieletrólito foram realizadas nos BRM a fim de avaliar o melhor controle da incrustação nas duas estratégias. Os resultados confirmaram que o uso do produto aumenta a filtrabilidade do lodo e reduz a incrustação da membrana. Durante o período de monitoramento ocorreram choques de carga com altas concentrações de óleos e graxas e fenol na alimentacão. O uso preventivo do polieletrólito catiônico permitiu uma filtrabilidade mais efetiva e estável sem prejudicar o desempenho do BRM quanto à remoção de poluentes.
Abegglen, Christian Konrad. "Membrane bioreactor technology for decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse /". Zürich : ETH, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17998.
Texto completoBernat, Camí Xavier. "Treatment of biorefractory wastewater through membrane-assisted oxidation processes". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8583.
Texto completoWater scarcity is one of the major challenges for assuring a sustainable development. Among other measures, research into efficient wastewater treatment systems to deal with biorefractory wastewaters, which need to be amended before their biological degradation, is required. The Fenton process is an advanced oxidation process that can be used as potential pre-treatment for this purpose. However, the pre-treatment presents two main limitations: the use of iron salts as homogeneous catalyst, which are continuously thrown away in the reactor effluent, and the high consumption of oxidant, which is partially wasted. The present thesis aims at studying the improvement of the Fenton process applied on phenolic wastewater through its coupling with membrane technologies such as nanofiltration, membrane emulsification or membrane reactors. The coupling allows confining the catalyst and increasing the oxidation efficiency, thus enhancing the treatment efficiency in environmental and economic terms.
Lambie, Mark Robert. "Local membrane versus systemic consequences of peritoneal dialysis treatment". Thesis, Keele University, 2015. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/2328/.
Texto completoMurray, Simon Thomas. "Applications of membrane aerated biofilm reactors for wastewater treatment". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. https://pure.qub.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/applications-of-membrane-aerated-biofilm-reactors-for-wastewater-treatment(af60a6ed-09b7-4b95-8730-d3de83b3876e).html.
Texto completoFacey, Roderick M. "Treatment of pulp mill membrane concentrates by freeze-thaw". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ39525.pdf.
Texto completoHurd, Sarah M. "Low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane treatment of landfill leachate". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0025/MQ52299.pdf.
Texto completoSkouteris, George S. "Low energy membrane bioreactors for decentralised waste water treatment". Thesis, University of Bath, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527518.
Texto completoJanus, Tomasz. "Modelling and simulation of membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment". Thesis, De Montfort University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/9507.
Texto completoHopkins, Janet. "Plasma treatment of polysulfone gas separation membranes". Thesis, Durham University, 1995. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5231/.
Texto completoSaleem, Mubbshir. "Application of dynamic membranes in wastewater treatment". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422308.
Texto completoLa ricerca ha evidenziato le prestazioni della membrana dinamica (DM) nelle condizioni più difficili in cui sono state applicate con successo tecnologie avanzate come MBR ecc. A questo proposito, il trattamento del percolato di discarica precedente, la produzione di bio idrogeno e l'arricchimento dei batteri Anammox sono stati principalmente concentrati. La ricerca ha anche presentato le strategie per accelerare la formazione di DM in condizioni sia aerobiche che anaerobiche. È stato anche proposto un meccanismo di pulitura in situ pneumatico che si è dimostrato efficace nel recupero rapido ed efficace della permeabilità del DM eccessivamente sporco in condizioni anaerobiche senza pulizia chimica. Allo stesso modo, l'effetto delle caratteristiche del mangime sullo sviluppo e sulle prestazioni del DM è stato anche evidenziato per la prima volta e anche il ruolo associato della porosità della mesh del supporto sottostante è stato discusso.
Strachan, Laura Fay. "The Extractive Membrane Bioreactor : flux enhancement and biofilm control". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266892.
Texto completoFerrer, Mallén Olga. "Substitution of conventional pre-treatment units by membrane based processes in drinking water treatment". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/334975.
Texto completoAquesta tesis s'ha centrat en l'estudi de la substitució, total o parcial, de l'etapa de pre-tractament d'estacions de tractament d'aigua potable (ETAPs) per processos de membrana, en particular per ultrafiltració (UF). Per a tal fi, es van realitzar experiments a nivell laboratori i pilot per, en primer lloc, avaluar la seva viabilitat tècnica, i en segon, optimitzar el seu funcionament per determinar així si l'esquema de tractament proposat era competitiu des d'un punt de vista hidràulic i de qualitat amb el pre-tractament convencional actual. A més, es van definir assajos per assegurar el seu correcte funcionament i fiabilitat, i es van identificar avantatges addicionals a les purament associades a l'etapa de pre-tractament. El cas d'estudi seleccionat va ser l'ETAP de Sant Joan Despí (Barcelona) degut a les seves particularitats: tracta aigua del riu Llobregat, que és un recurs altament variable en termes de qualitat i quantitat, i és un sistema multi-etapa complex. En conseqüència aquest estudi va cobrir un ampli rang de condicions i va permetre portar la tecnologia en qüestió a condicions límit. Els resultats vam mostrar que la UF directa d'aigua crua de riu és capaç de substituir, i resulta competitiva, amb la dioxicloració, coagulació/floculació, decantació i filtració per sorra. La planta pilot va ser capaç de tractar contínuament aigua crua durant 2 anys, independentment de la seva qualitat (ex. terbolesa d'entrada > 1000 NTU), produint aigua de qualitat alta i estable, tant fisicoquímicament com microbiològicament. La majoria dels paràmetres fisicoquímics avaluats van presentar valors inferiors i amb menor variabilitat en l'esquema d'UF directa que en el pre-tractament convencional. Des d'una perspectiva microbiològica, l'esquema d'UF directa avaluat va assegurar una eliminació > 5 log10 unitats de bactèries i virus de tamany superior a 60 nm. El rendiment hídric va oscil.lar entre 94.0-94.7% en condicions òptimes, requerint 1 o 2 contra rentats químics al dia, una pressió transmembrana per sota d'1 bar, fluxos de filtració entre 40-70 L/(m2.h) i un baix consum de reactius químics. En aplicar una micro-coagulació prèvia a la UF, l'increment de la resistència hidràulica durant la filtració va disminuir i es va estabilitzar, l'eficiència del contra rentat va augmentar, i la freqüència dels contra rentats químics va davallar. Degut a que els indicadors d'embrutiment (SDI15 i MFI0.45) del permeat d'UF directa van resultar inferiors als del pretractament convencional, és d'esperar que la unitat següent d'osmosis inversa (OI) precisi menys neteges químiques i per tant, la seva vida útil es prolongui. Addicionalment, a part de l'estalvi econòmic associat a la reducció significativa de reactius dosificats en l'esquema l'UF directa (desinfectants químics i coagulants principalment), es va demostrar una disminució del risc de degradació de les membranes d'OI. Es van dur a terme estudis avaluant els efectes de l'exposició de certs químics (dosificats en el pre-tractament convencional però no en l'UF directa) en les propietats fisicoquímiques i de transport de membranes d'OI. Una caracterització avançada va permetre relacionar els canvis de funcionament de les membranes d'OI amb els seus canvis de composició i d'estructura. La implementació de la UF directa implica que el pre-tractament consisteixi únicament en una etapa de filtració. Això suposa avantatges en termes de complexitat del procés, requeriments d'espai així com d'evitar l'ús de desinfectats químics. Tanmateix, la preservació de les seves propietats de separació al llarg del temps és de gran importància, sobretot des d'un punt de vista microbiològic. En conseqüència, es van definir i dur a terme periòdicament assajos en base a microorganismes per avaluar la integritat de la membrana d'UF directa. Els resultats van indicar que la integritat de la membrana d'UF s'havia preservat durant els 2 anys d'estudi, malgrat les condicions severes que la UF directa va suposar
Lindroos, Magnus. "Utveckling av en kontinuerlig process som renar vatten från läkemedel med hjälp av biopolymertäckta celler". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för bioteknologi (BIO), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172100.
Texto completoWei, Chunliang. "Nutrient removal and fouling reduction in electrokinetic membrane bioreactor at various temperatures". Water Science. & Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31635.
Texto completoOctober 2016
Berg, Josephine. "An Ion-Selective Electrode for Detection of Ammonium in Wastewater Treatment Plants". Thesis, KTH, Kemi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298183.
Texto completoMonitoring ammonium in wastewater is vital to improve the treatment process and monitor the release of the pollutant into the ecosystem. Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) is a promising technique in the area where the ISE is often based on a polymeric membrane containing the ionophore nonactin. The polymeric ion-selective membrane is drop-cast onto graphite or glassy carbon electrode substrates together with an ion-to-electron transducing layer. Nonactin-based ISEs typically demonstrate a limit of detection (LOD) in the range of 10-5 M, but exhibit significant potassium interferences. A solid-state system based on graphite electrodes, including an ISE and a reference electrode (RE), was investigated in this study. The ISEs were produced by drop-casting ion-to-electron transducing functional multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) dispersed in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and a membrane cocktail comprising poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), plasticizer, and nonactin dispersed in THF onto graphite electrodes. The membrane was then covered with a buffered poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel of pH 7 and a gas-permeable membrane (GPM). The solid-state RE was produced by drop-casting a poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) membrane cocktail saturated with NaCl onto the graphite electrode. ISEs using f-MWCNTs as ion-to-electron transducers and a PVC-based ammonium-sensitive membrane with nonactin were successfully produced. The electrodes exhibited LODs in the range of 10-5 M, which is comparable to previous articles published on the subject. Additionally, PVB-based solid-state REs saturated with NaCl were successfully produced. The reference electrodes exhibited minor influences when varying the concentrations of various salts. The study showed that the GPM Hyflon AD combined with a PVA hydrogel was not suitable in this configuration, as air voids were formed in the drying process, and the membrane was easily delaminated. It was suggested that this behavior could be a consequence of the incompatibility of PVC and the GPM due to their difference in polarity.
Muya, Francis Ntumba. "Hydrophilic Polysulfone-Hydrogel Membrane Material for Improved Nanofiltration in Wastewater Treatment". University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4274.
Texto completoOver the last decade polysulfone membranes have been demonstrated to be one of the best membrane types in wastewater treatment, especially in ultrafiltration, owing to its mechanical robustness, structural and chemical stability. Regrettably these membranes are mostly hydrophobic by nature and therefore highly vulnerable to fouling due to chemosorptive mechanisms. Fouling may be caused by cake formation on the surface of the membrane or by surface assimilation of the foulants. Many studies have been directed at improving hydrophilic properties of polysulfone membranes by introducing different types of nanoparticle composite such as TiO2, ZnO2, Au and Ag nanoparticles to the polymer matrix, in order to reduce fouling potential and increase membrane performance. In the present investigation a hydrogel material was developed by crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with polysulfone (PSF), using glutaraldehyde as crosslinker. PVA has excellent film formation, emulsifying and adhesive properties, it is highly flexible and has high tensile strength. Introducing PVA into the PSF polymer matrix was expected to impart its advantageous properties onto the resulting membrane and enhance hydrophilic characteristics of the membrane. The cross linking of PVA and PSF was controlled at three different ratios to evaluate the effect of the PSF contribution i.e. 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25. The crosslinked polymer composites produced three unique hydrogel materials, which were evaluated for the separation of selected small organic molecules, under hydrodynamic conditions, using rotating disk electrochemistry. The hydrogel thin film behaved as a chemical sensor for the oxidation of tannic acid in aqueous solution, with negligible shift in peak potential as a function of concentration. The nanomaterials prepared were characterised using spectroscopic, morphological and electrochemical techniques. Hydrogel performance in the presence of analyte molecule was evaluated by hydrodynamic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. From calibration curves based on cyclic voltammetry, hydrodynamic, macroscopic and spectroscopic techniques, the 75% polysulfone and 25 % polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel (75:25 PSF-PVA) presented the best performance for quantitative detection and best sensitivity toward alginic acid and tannic acid than the corresponding composites (50:50 and 25:75 PSF-PVA). Optical results (contact angle) show an agreement with spectroscopic (EC) and microscopic (AFM) result. A decrease in contact angle gives an increase in roughness and diffusion coefficient. High surface roughness was linked to improved hydrophilicity of the polysulfone.