Tesis: "Medical-Social support"

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Covarrubias, Brandy Marie y Vizcaya Eloisa Cisneros. "UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL SUPPORT AMONG DIALYSIS PATIENTS: A STUDY ON MEDICAL SOCIAL WORKERS ENHANCING SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR PATIENTS". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/871.

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Patients receiving dialysis treatment experience immense changes in their health and well-being, therefore receiving adequate social support services is an integral aspect of their care plan. Thus, the purpose of this study was to gain an understanding about social support services offered by social workers to patients receiving dialysis care. Furthermore, this study sought to develop awareness about additional services need to assist social workers in providing social, emotional, and physical support to patients. This qualitative study used data from a non-probability snowball sample of 10 social workers that work with patients receiving dialysis care. Findings of this study are significant to social work practice as the analysis provided insight that may enhance current practices in dialysis centers. Furthermore, the qualitative analyses gathered through the one-on-one interviews led to the emergence of seven central themes. Themes anticipated by the researchers included the perception about the ability to provide social, emotional, and physical support, as well as to highlight the role of social workers in this healthcare setting. Additional themes identified during this study focused on reasons for patients lacking social support, the scarcity of resources, and recommendations corroborated with first-hand experiences in the field to better serve patients. Recommendations included increased focus on providing therapeutic services within dialysis, additional transportation options for patients, and greater availability of resources to meet the various needs of patients.

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Sham, Suk-ying Tammy. "Social support for the diabetic patients". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20125380.

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Pang, Pik-ming. "Social support, stress and life contentment in relation to diabetes mellitus control /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1292524X.

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Sham, Suk-ying Tammy y 岑淑英. "Social support for the diabetic patients". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978654.

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Yagi, Toyoko. "Compliance with dialysis regimens: The effects of coping and social support". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2655.

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The purpose of this study was to identify determinants of compliance behavior. Since compliance among dialysis patients increases survival rate, it is important for social workers to identify patients who are at risk of noncompliance.

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Rostami, Arian. "Marital satisfaction in relation to social support, coping, and quality of life in medical staff in Tehran, Iran". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-79478.

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Marital satisfaction is one of the main characteristics of a healthy family, and is known as an important predictor of overall quality of life. Stress is unavoidable in everyday life and it can affect marital relationships. Furthermore, employed married individuals encounter more stressors than do unmarried ones, especially when their jobs are demanding and stressful, such as working as medical professionals in hospitals. Applying effective coping strategies and receiving social support, especially from emotionally close persons, are protective factors which can help individuals deal with stress and buffer the negative effects of life stress on marital and life satisfaction. In the present cross-sectional investigation, marital satisfaction was studied in relation to socio-demographic variables, social support, ways of coping, and quality of life in medical staff in Tehran. Data were collected from 653 medical staff who worked in 12 hospitals affiliated with Tehran Medical University using socio-demographic questions, the ENRICH marital satisfaction questionnaire, the SF-36 questionnaire, the Social Support questionnaire, and the Ways of Coping questionnaire. The results indicated that marital satisfaction, quality of life and spousal support were significantly higher in men than women. Spousal support was significantly associated with marital satisfaction especially in women. Multiple regression analyses indicated that marital satisfaction, social support, and job satisfaction combined with socio-demographic variables explain between 12% and 28% of the variance in quality of life domains. Analysing the data with special focus on females revealed a significant negative relationship between subscales of marital satisfaction and using “seeking social support”, “confrontive coping”, “escape avoidance”, “distancing”, and “self-controlling” as ways of coping. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that job satisfaction, social support, and ways of coping explained between 24% and 38% of the variance in seven of the nine subscales of marital satisfaction. Therefore, focusing on the study findings could be helpful in promoting marital satisfaction and quality of life in married medical staff.

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Ho, Kim-kay Canny. "The role of formal and informal social support in the adjustment to illness among cancer patients /". [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13744926.

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Hagen, Kjetil. "Young Swedish Athletes' perceived Social Support and Well-being in Football Academies". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-16418.

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Abstract The objectives of the study were to examine: (I) if different categories of social support (family, friends and school) can predict well-being among Swedish male football academy players. Moreover, the purpose is to (II) compare if two age groups of male academy players (11-14 years) and (15-19 years) differ in perceived social support (e.g. family, friends and school) and well-being. The participants in the study were 443 male football academy players (M = 14.17) from four different elite clubs. The questionnaire that was used in this study consists of a modified extended-form health survey collected from FHI (Public Health Institute) developed to examine adolescents’ subjective well-being. The survey is based on SDQ (Goodman, 1997), PSP-scale (Hagquist, 2008) (Swedish questionnaire developed to measure psychosomatic issues among children) and Kidscreen (Ravens-Sieberer et. al., 2005). The result showed that different categories of social support (e.g. family, friends and school) could predict 20.4% of the total well-being among Swedish academy players. Additionally, it was found that younger academy players (11-14 years) experience a higher level of well- being and more social support in terms of friends and school in relation to older academy players (15-19 years). The results are discussed in relation to theoretical frameworks and previous research.

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Pang, Pik-ming y 彭碧明. "Social support, stress and life contentment in relation to diabetes mellitus control". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3124869X.

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Nickell, Debra Faith. "SCREEN DOOR MEDICINE: THE INFORMAL MEDICAL CONSULTATION". UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/6.

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This study explores the phenomenon of the informal medical consultation, a communication event in which an individual asks for medical information, advice, or care from an off-duty health professional with whom the individual has no formal patient-provider relationship. Using surveys and interviews, the study describes these consultations from the perspective of the health care professional and the informal patient. The study explores foundational theories that offer explanations for the phenomenon. The theories considered include social support, decision-making, social exchange, perceived partner responsiveness to needs, and uncertainty management. This study suggests health care providers perceive informal medical consultations to be more problematic than do the informal patients who consult them. The problematic nature of informal consultations increases as the type of request moves from purely informational to a request for treatment. Informal patients do not perceive this distinction. The informal patient’s motivation to pursue an informal consultation instead of a formal consult is affected by the relationship with, trust in, and access to the informal consultant. The willingness of the informal consultant to engage in an informal consultation is affected by the relationship with the informal patient, the type of request made, and perception of risk/benefit for both the provider and the patient. The study supports the idea that informal medical consultations are potentially problematic within the current medico-legal-ethical environment. Alternately, these consultations may be viewed as offering positive contributions to the health and well-being of informal patients. The study suggests translational research is needed to guide health professionals in considering requests for informal medical consultations.

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Raffel, Kathleen Keefe. "A Participatory, Mixed-Methods Assessment of Clinical Ethics Committees: How Might They Support Clinicians and Positively Impact Care?" The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1369866382.

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Sha, Di. "Parental education background, social support, and preschool-aged children with obesity". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Centrum för forskning om ojämlikhet i hälsa (CHESS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-143174.

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Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem. The present study investigated the association of parental educational background and social support with children’s weight status, and assessed whether parental depression influences the association of educational background and social support with children’s weight status. The study included data from 175 children in Stockholm County aged 4–6 years with obesity and a mean body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (SDS) of 3.2; 45% of the cohort were male. Data included information provided by 98 mothers and 93 fathers. Forty-four percent of mothers had a university education, 66% were overweight or obese, and 77% displayed minimal depression symptoms. Forty-six percent of fathers had a university education, 52% were overweight or obese, and 87% displayed minimal depression symptoms. The association between parental educational background and social support and child BMI SDS was investigated using regression analysis for mothers and fathers. Results showed that educational level reported by fathers was negatively associated with high BMI SDS among children. Even after controlling for covariates, a low level of paternal education remained associated with a high BMI SDS among the children. Neither social support nor parental depression modified the effect of parental education on child BMI SDS.

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Lyons, Megan L. "First Mothers/Birth Mothers: Social Support and Long-Term Psychological Stress and Growth". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1503403065090081.

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Mattos, Athamis de. "Validade dimensional da escala de apoio social do Medical Outcomes Study adaptada para o português no estudo pró-saúde". reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2009. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/2457.

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Estudos sobre a importância de rede e apoio social nos desfechos em saúde têm sido desenvolvidos nos últimos 30 anos. Rede social é definida como o grupo de pessoas com as quais o indivíduo mantém contato ou alguma forma de vínculo social. Apoio social refere-se à funcionalidade da rede social (apoio emocional, apoio material entre outros). O presente estudo dá continuidade à avaliação das propriedades psicométricas da escala de apoio social utilizada em um estudo de coorte de trabalhadores de uma universidade pública no Rio de Janeiro - Estudo Pró-Saúde por meio da avaliação de sua validade de constructo através da análise fatorial confirmatória. Essa investigação baseia-se nos dados de 4030 participantes obtidos na primeira fase desse estudo (1999), onde um questionário multidimensional foi utilizado. Nesse foi incluída a escala de apoio social elaborada para o Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), que foi adaptada para o português, no âmbito do estudo. Foi realizada a análise fatorial confirmatória com o intuito de avaliar os modelos com três, quatro e cinco fatores quanto ao ajuste, validade convergente e validade discriminante. (...)
Studies about the importance of social support on health outcomes have been developed since 30 years. Social network is defined as a group of people which a person has contact with or any kind of social connections. Social support is related to the functionality of the social network. The present study continues the psychometric testing of the social support scale, used in a cohort of public university servents of Rio de Janeiro - Pró-Saúde Study – through evaluation of the construct validity using the confirmatory factor analysis. This investigation was based on information about 4030 participants in the first stage of the study (1999), which a multidimensional instrument was used. In this study, it was included the social support scale of the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), which was adapted to Portuguese, in the study‟s environment. The confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the three, four and five factors models adjustment, the convergent and discriminant validity. The estimation method used was the WLSMV (robust weighted least squares) recommended to models with multivariate non-normal distributed indicators which is the case of the categorical indicators of the MOS social support scale. The fit indices used were the CFI (comparative fit index), the TLI (Tucker Lewis index), the RMSEA (root mean square error of approximation), the χ² statistic, and the WRMR ((weighted root mean square residual). The statistic program used was the Mplus. The four factor model was the one which presents the best goodness-of-fit measures (CFI=0,897; TLI=0,987). However, the residuals were high (RMSEA=0,131; WRMR=3,727), indicating a poor adjust. The convergent validity was good, presenting values above 0,50 of extracted variance and values above 0,70 of composed reliability in all dimensions. Only the material dimension presented good discriminant validity. In conclusion, nevertheless the four factor model presented some vantages compared with the other models, it is necessary implement changes to improve the adjust of the model. This modifications are related to itens exclusion, and not only about the dimentions addiction, which is suggested through insufficient results of the discriminant validity of that model - highly correlations in the “information” and “emotional‟ dimensions. A scale with a smaller numbers of itens should improve the measurements of social support and bring news conclusions in the investigations about the importance of social support in the social determinants and wellness.

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Hellbom, Maria. "Individual Support for Cancer Patients : Effects, Patient Satisfaction and Utilisation". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5183-7/.

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Junehag, Lena. "Peer mentoring - A complementary support to persons after an acute myocardial infarction". Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för omvårdnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-23277.

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The overall aim of the thesis was to investigate the experience of having an acute myocardial infarction in newly afflicted persons living in sparsely populated counties, and whether an intervention with peer mentors would provide support by affecting the perception of illness, health related quality of life and everyday life. The aim was also to describe the support of peer mentors from their perspective and what the mentoring meant to them. The thesis was based on four empirical studies (I-IV) and had a prospective, longitudinal, quasi-experimental, comparative design. A suitable sample was recruited, comprising 72 individuals who were newly afflicted with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) for the first time; 34 of them were offered contact with a peer mentor, while 38 were not. Furthermore, 34 peer mentors participated in the project. The results were based on data collected from 28 individuals with mentors, 33 individuals without and 22 peer mentors. In studies I and III, qualitative approaches were used based on individual interviews with 20 newly afflicted individuals with (n=11) and without (n=9) mentors one year after AMI. The aims were to describe individuals’ perceptions of the psychosocial consequences of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and of their access to support one year after the event (I) and to describe individual perceptions of their lifestyle and support, 1 year after an AMI with or without mentorship (III). Study II was quantitative, consisting of data from questionnaires IPQ-R and SF-36 answered by 61 newly afflicted individuals with (n=28) and without (n=33) mentors. It aimed to investigate whether changes in illness perception and health-related quality of life occur over time after an intervention with peer mentors 1, 6 and 12 months after an AMI. Study IV had a mixed design and included peer mentors with the purpose to describing the personal meaning of being a peer mentor, for a person recovering from an acute myocardial infarction. Data consisted of individual interviews (n=15) and some data from IPQ-R and SF-36 that were provided on two occasions (n=22). All of the interviews (I, III, IV) were digitally recorded and analysed by qualitative content analysis, while the quantitative studies included descriptive data and were further compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) (II) and the paired-sample t-test (IV). The results from all four studies are interpreted and presented together, and they show differences and similarities between the newly afflicted with or without peer mentors and the peer mentors. The results comprise six main areas; the meaning of becoming a person with an AMI (I, II, III) pointed toward an awareness of the situation expressed both in positive and negative terms, as being thankful or of being afraid of having a second AMI. View at health care (I) indicated that follow-up after discharge was sometimes a positive experience but more often resulted in dissatisfaction with this part of the health-care system. Consequences (II) showed significant effects between groups in the dimensions ‘consequences’ and ‘timeline acute/chronic’ (IPQ-R), with higher mean values for those without mentors and a significant effect of time in both dimensions. There were also physical consequences for many of the participants (I, II, III, IV) as well as psychological consequences (I, II, IV). Everyday life (I, III) was affected by AMI that sometimes limited activities. There were demands to change areas of life-style that were perceived as both positive and negative. Health (II, III, IV) showed that health increased for most individuals during the year, as confirmed by significant values for time for those newly afflicted. The peer mentors showed a decrease in mean values but expressed that they felt healthier after compared with before their commitment. Meaning of support (I, IV) indicated that families and relatives had an important, supportive role for newly afflicted participants. The mentorship showed that the relationship was, in some cases and for different reasons, unsuccessful. However, most of them were satisfied, and new friendships arose. More of the mentors felt pride and were thankful because their experience was shown to be valuable to others in addition to themselves. The results were synthesised using the Human Becoming nursing theory, which confirmed that recovery after an AMI is a process that occurs over time in which that those afflicted must accept and be comfortable being a person who is afflicted by an AMI. Some tendencies indicated an advantage for the newly afflicted participants who had received contact with a peer mentor. Conclusion: Because the mentor had experienced the same event, the relationship contributed to the security of the mentee. The peer mentors matured with the task because they felt that their experience was valuable and they felt unique.
Övergripande syfte i avhandlingen var att studera erfarenheter av att drabbas av en akut hjärtinfarkt (AHI) för nyinsjuknade personer, boende i glesbygdslän, och om en intervention med kamratstöd i form av mentorer skulle kunna innebära ett stöd, genom att påverka deras sjukdomsuppfattning, hälsorelaterade livskvalitet och deras vardagsliv. Syftet var även att beskriva mentorernas stöd utifrån deras perspektiv, och vad mentorskapet har betytt för dem. Avhandlingen är baserad på fyra studier (I-IV) och har en prospektiv, longitudinell och kvasiexperimentell, jämförande design. Ett lämpligt urval utgjordes av 72 personer som nyligen hade drabbats av AHI första gången. Av dessa erbjöds 34 att få kontakt med en mentor medan 38 inte erbjöds detta. Dessutom deltog 34 mentorer. Det slutgiltiga resultatet i avhandlingen baserades på data som samlats från 28 personer med mentor, 33 utan mentor samt av 22 mentorer. Studie I och III utgick från kvalitativ metod, baserat på individuella intervjuer med 20 av de nyinsjuknade med mentor (n11), och utan mentor (n9) ett år efter deras AHI. Syftet var att beskriva individuella erfarenheter av psykosociala konsekvenser i samband med en AHI, och deras tillgång till stöd ett år efter händelsen (I), samt att beskriva individuella uppfattningar om deras livsstil och stöd ett år efter AHI, med eller utan mentorskap (III). Studie II var kvantitativ och utgjordes av data från enkäter; IPQ-R och SF-36, som besvarades av 61 nyinsjuknade, varav 28 med mentor och 33 utan mentor, i syfte att undersöka om förändringar i sjukdomsuppfattning och hälsorelaterad livskvalitet förekommer över tid, efter en intervention med mentorer 1, 6 och 12 månader efter AHI. Studie IV hade en mixad design och inkluderade mentorer med syfte att beskriva den personliga betydelsen av att vara mentor, under loppet av ett år, för en person under återhämtningen efter AHI. Data bestod av individuella intervjuer (n15) samt en del data från IPQ-R och SF-36, besvarat vid två tillfällen. Samtliga intervjuer (I, III, IV) spelades in digitalt och analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys, medan de kvantitativa studierna innefattade beskrivande data, samt dessutom analyserades med variansanalys (ANOVA) (II) samt parvisa t-test (IV). Resultat från samtliga fyra studier är tolkade och presenterade gemensamt, och visar på skillnader och likheter mellan de nyinsjuknade med eller utan mentor, samt mentorerna. Resultaten utgörs av sex huvudområden: Innebörden av att bli en person med en AHI (I, II, III) tyder på en medvetenhet om sin situation, och som uttrycks i både positiva och negativa ordalag, som att vara tacksam eller att vara rädd för att få en ny AHI. Syn på sjukvården (I) antyder att uppföljningen efter utskrivning i vissa fall var en positiv upplevelse, men flera av dem var missnöjda med den delen av vården. Konsekvenser (II) visade signifikant effekt mellan grupperna för dimensionerna ’konsekvenser’ och ’tidslinje akut/kronisk’ (IPQ-R) med högre medelvärden för dem utan mentor. Dessutom var det signifikant effekt för tid i båda dimensionerna. Det förekom även fysiska konsekvenser för flera av deltagarna (I, II, III, IV) liksom psykologiska konsekvenser (I, II, IV). Vardagslivet (I, III) påverkades av AHI genom att den i vissa fall hindrade dem från fysiska aktiviteter. Det fanns krav på dem att förändra delar i deras livsstil, vilket kunde uppfattas som både positivt och negativt. Hälsa (II, III, IV) visade att de flestas hälsa hade förbättrats under året, vilket bekräftades med signifikanta värden för tid hos de nyinsjuknade. Mentorerna hade däremot sjunkande medelvärden men uttryckte att de mådde bättre efter sitt uppdrag, än innan. Betydelsen av stöd (I, IV) visade att familjer och närstående hade en betydelsefull roll för de nyinsjuknade. Mentorskapet för dem med mentor samt mentorerna visade att relationen i vissa inte hade fungerat, av olika anledningar. Trots allt var ändå de flesta tillfreds, och nya vänskapsförhållanden hade uppstått. Flera mentorer kände sig stolta och var tacksamma för att deras erfarenheter hade visat sig värdefulla för andra, men även för dem själva. Resultaten syntetiserades med omvårdnadsteorin Human Becoming, som bekräftade att återhämtningen efter en AHI är en process som förekommer över tid, och innebär att acceptera och känna sig bekväm med att vara en person som drabbats av AHI. Det fanns vissa tendenser till att det var en fördel för de nyinsjuknade att ha kontakt med en mentor. Slutsatsen var att eftersom mentorerna hade genomgått samma händelse, bidrog det till trygghet. Mentorerna hade växt med uppgiften, eftersom de kände att deras erfarenheter var värdefulla, och att de var unika.

Vid tidpunkten för disputationen var följande delarbeten opublicerade: delarbete 2 inskickat, delarbete 4 inskickat.

At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished: paper 2 submitted, paper 4 submitted.

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Ozaki, Lucia Maria Tonzar Ristori. "A (con) vivencia da mulher gravida com a vacina contra rubeola". [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310645.

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Orientador: Antonieta Keiko Kakuda Shimo
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo/exploratório com abordagem qualitativa cujo objetivo é descrever o significado da vacina contra a rubéola para mulheres que se descobriram grávidas após receberem a vacina dupla viral, por ocasião da campanha contra rubéola2001, na DIR XX de São João da Boa Vista (DIR XX). Pretende-se, também, analisar a percepção das mulheres relativa às orientações recebidas por ocasião da campanha e durante o acompanhamento pré-natal e como foram apoiadas para enfrentar o processo. O estudo foi realizado nos municípios pertencentes à DIR XX e os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 18 mulheres grávidas e mulheres que engravidaram até 30 dias após aplicação da vacina contra rubéola, consideradas suscetíveis para a rubéola, residentes em 10 municípios da região. Foi utilizado como quadro teórico a teoria das representações sociais, tecnologia em saúde e os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e preventivos da rubéola e da síndrome da rubéola congênita. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas semi-estruturas, gravadas. A ordenação dos dados foi realizada através da técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo proposta por Lefèvre e Lefèvre, emergindo dois temas: I. A mulher. A campanha de vacinação contra a rubéola. O acompanhamento prénatal. II. O significado da vacina contra a rubéola (representada socialmente como ameaça a integridade física da mulher, à de seu filho e ao seu relacionamento conjugal). Os resultados revelaram que o processo de orientação da mulher nas várias fases da atenção foi normatizado, fragmentado, muitas vezes, inadequado e sem qualificação, de modo a não favorecer o "empowerment" e não ajudar a mulher a atravessar com tranqüilidade a situação vivenciada. Observou-se profissionais de saúde despreparados tecnicamente para proverem o cuidado às mulheres, falta de integração entre os serviços, gerando descontinuidade e a não oportunidade da atenção, bem como a não incorporação de toda tecnologia de saúde disponível, no cuidado com a mulher. Constatou-se a importância das redes de apoio social e profissional auxiliando no enfrentamento da situação. As mulheres, através do discurso, desvelaram a situação vivenciada por elas e a diversidade de significados da vacina contra a rubéola quando aplicada durante a gravidez. Constitui-se um grande desafio para gestores e profissionais de saúde a produção do cuidado, ao se disponibilizar procedimentos em saúde. O estudo está inserido na linha de pesquisa - processo de cuidar em saúde e enfermagem, área temática - saúde da mulher
Abstract: This is a descriptive and exploratory research with a qualitative approach, whose objectives are to describe what did the vaccine against rubella mean to women who have found themselves pregnant after having received the measles-rubella vaccine, during the 2001 's campaign against rubella, in the DIR XX from São João da Boa Vista (DIR XX); and to analyze how those women interpreted the orientation given during the campaign and during the antenatal examination, and how were they supported when facing the situation. The research occurred in the municipal districts under the control of DIR XX and the individual were women who were considered to be susceptible to rubella and became pregnant within 30 days after being vaccinated against it. It took part of the study, 18 women who lived in 10 different towns in the region. As the theoretical framework of the study, it was used the theory of social representation, technology in Health, and the clínic, epidemical and preventive aspects of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome. Data was gathered through recording semi-structured interviews, following a guideline script. The data was organized using the technique of the Collective Subject Speech proposed by Lefévre e Lefèvre, which unveiled two topics: I.The woman. The vaccination campaign against rubella. The antenatal care. II. The signification of the rubella vaccine (socially seem as a threat to the woman's physical integrity, as well as to their sons and to their conjugal relationship). The results suggest that the orientation process during the various phases of attention during the occasion has been unsatisfactorily standardized, fragmented, and, in several cases, improper and not qualified, and thus it does not allow the empowerment, and does not help women to experience the situation tranquilly. It can be observed health professionals technically unprepared to fulfill women with proper care; a lack of integration between services, which generates discontinuity and incapability of being properly attended, as well as the incapability to incorporate all technologies available to their care. It has been confirmed the importance of the social and professional networks to help women under this situation. Through their speech, women have unveiled their situation and the various meanings of by being vaccinated during pregnancy. It is a great challenge to supervisors and health professionals to produce care and to make available health procedures. The study is related to research lines - procedures to take care in health and nursing, thematic field - woman's health
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Enfermagem e Trabalho
Mestre em Enfermagem

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18

Charles, Christie Marie. "Work-Family Conflict: Does Romance Matter?" ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3595.

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Research has shown that being in a romantic relationship has related negatively with work-family conflict. Using social exchange theory, the investment model, and role theory, this study examined the relationships among the dimensions of perceived partner support, romantic relationship interdependence, and work-family conflict. A sample of 192 adults in paid employment, currently involved in a romantic relationship, were recruited from SurveyMonkey Contribute. Study participants completed online a demographic survey, the revised Support in Intimate Relationships Rating Scale (SIRRS), the Investment Model Scale, and work-family conflict scales. Correlation analyses showed that work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict correlated negatively with commitment and positively with quality of alternatives as hypothesized. As hypothesized, regression analyses showed that quality of alternatives and informational support explained unique variance in work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict and that commitment explained unique variance in family-to-work conflict. PROCESS mediation analyses showed partial support for the hypothesis of mediation. Quality of alternatives and commitment mediated the relationships between esteem/emotional support and family-to-work conflict and instrumental/tangible support and family-to-work conflict. Quality of alternatives mediated the relationships between informational support and work-to-family conflict, informational support and family-to-work conflict, and instrumental/tangible support and work-to-family conflict. The findings contribute to positive social change by offering added knowledge about the occurrence of work-family issues in the lives of employees representing a large percentage of the workforce.

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19

Tengberg, Josefin y Elin Waenerlund. "Det är väl bara att lyssna? : Två studier om lyssnandets essens". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35850.

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Forskning har visat att en nära relation med någon som lyssnar kan leda till att psykisk ohälsa upptäcks tidigt. Syftet med undersökningen var att finna lyssnandets centrala teman och hur dessa kan användas för att tidigt upptäcka psykisk ohälsa. Två studier gjordes med 118 deltagare som besvarade en kvalitativ enkät. I Studie 1 deltog 42 mentorer från Tjejzonen som är Sveriges största stödorganisation för tjejer. I Studie 2 deltog 76 respondenter utan koppling till Tjejzonen. Resultatet visade fyra teman som var gemensamma för båda studierna: (1) närvaro, (2) förtroende, (3) respekt, (4) fokus. I diskussionen kopplas lyssnandet samman med socialt stöd och den ekologiska modellen samt diskuteras som möjlighet till prevention för psykisk ohälsa. Studien kan bidra till en ökad förståelse för lyssnandets komplexitet.

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20

Keenan, Lisa A. "Family Environment, Social Support, and Psychological Distress of Women Seeking BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genetic Mutation Testing". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3240/.

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Shared characteristics and predictors of psychological distress are beginning to be identified in research on women seeking genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations. This study further explored patterns of psychological distress for 51 community women waiting to receive such genetic test results. There was no significant relationship between psychological distress and family cancer history, personal cancer history, social support networks, and family environment. Women in this sample tended to rely more on females and relatives for support than males and friends. Social support satisfaction was not related to gender or number of relatives providing support. Thirty-four of the 36 women classified on the family environment type were from Personal Growth-Oriented families. Comparisons with normal and distressed family means revealed increased cohesion and expressiveness with decreased conflict, indicative of supportive family environments. Limitations and implications are discussed.

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21

Pettersson, Camilla. "Parents' possibility to prevent underage drinking : studies of parents, a parental support program, and adolescents in the context of a national program to support NGOs". Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-11294.

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Underage drinking is common among Swedish adolescents and is related to problems for individuals, families, and society. From a public health perspective, it is of great importance that knowledge be gained about alcohol prevention. The overall aim of this thesis is, within the context of a national support program for NGOs, to study parents, a parental support program, and adolescents with regard to preventing underage drinking. The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare (NBHW) has a government commission to distribute funds to non-governmental organizations (NGOs) for alcohol and drug prevention efforts. Study I of the thesis describes and analyses this program with a special emphasis on research and development for an evidence-based practice. It is a research strategy case study with 135 projects and 14 embedded in-depth studies. The results reveal that this program to support NGOs has been successful in engaging a wide range of NGOs in prevention efforts. A trustful partnership between practitioners, national agencies, and researchers has also been developed, which has improved the quality and results of the different projects. Studies II, III, IV, and V all used data from a longitudinal questionnaire study with parents and adolescents within one of the 14 in-depth studies: the study of IOGT-NTO’s parental program Strong and Clear. Additional data, such as telephone interviews and other parental questionnaires, are also used. Study II aims to analyse the significance of socio-demographic factors for parental attitudes and behaviour regarding adolescent alcohol consumption to see if any group of parents is especially important for intervention efforts. The results showed that fathers were more likely than mothers to have non-restrictive attitudes towards underage drinking and to have children who had drunk or tasted alcohol at home. Study III examines reasons for non-participation in the program. Parents with a low educational level were found more likely to be non-participants than highly educated parents. When parents stated their reasons for non-participation it emerged that they did not perceive a need for the intervention and that there were practical obstacles to their participation. Study IV is an effect study of Strong and Clear and showed that the program contributed to maintaining parents’ restrictive attitude toward underage drinking, postponing alcohol debut, and preventing drunkenness among the adolescents. Study V, only presented in the thesis, examined parents’ perceptions about Strong and Clear. Parents primarily thought it had led to their speaking more often about alcohol with their children, and had been a help in this conversation. Many also stated that the program had influenced their ability to set limits for their children. The school and IOGT-NTO were considered as suitable providers of Strong and Clear. This thesis showed that a national support program for NGOs including research and development contributes to a more evidence-based public health practice.

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22

Ruhukwa, Kudzai. "Cognitive & academic function after Traumatic Brain Injury in school aged children: Documen-tation within medical and school records on problems and recommended support : A Systematic Review". Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, CHILD, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43188.

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Background: Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) has been identified as a crucial public concern, causing interrup-tion in children’s cognitive development, sometimes resulting in permanent impairment or even death. Hence documen-tation in health and school records regarding their functioning or environmental restrictions post injury, seems vital for the facilitation of communication between a child’s systematic and ongoing environment. Especially since children’s health has been described as a holistic construct comprised of psycho, social and physical well-being. Requiring continual inter-disciplinary and collaborative efforts over their course of development. Aim: To explore literature related to cognitive functioning and recommended support for children who have experienced a TBI, and how professional’s document their associated problems within medical and school records regarding activities in or outside the classroom. Method: A sys-tematic review, strictly comprised of empirical studies. Selected due to its sequential structural design for attainment of literature relevant to the research topic of choice and quality assessment procedures which enable reduction of threats to bias findings. Results: A total of 9 articles were yielded after quality assessment and depicted that. Reduced processing speeds in cognitive ability domains can be regarded as the default or baseline outcomes after a childhood TBI. Predictors within these different domains impacted their adequate academic, social function and varied depending on age at injury (2-4yrs or 4-8yrs), Injury severity (mild, moderate/severe), family function and time points. Early and severe TBI showed significant residual impairments across all time points, whilst the mild to moderate groups showed low to average func-tioning, as with the typical sample groups after two-year time points. Executive, attention skills impairment and post injury support within home and school settings. Showed to have the highest impact on both behaviours in, outside the classroom and academic performance. Documentation: Mainly biological and admission details were documented in the medical records. Within school records, all except one most recent study used either parental, teacher reports or direct measures to assess functioning of TBI affected children within school. Hereby a need for documentation of environmental factors within medical records, high quality transition of their TBI information within their school settings and continual docu-mentation of their progress or supports in school is required.

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23

Edelbrock, Dorothy Marcia. "Disease, disability, service use and social support amongst community-dwelling people aged 75 years and over: the Sydney older persons study". Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15961/.

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This study investigates the characteristics of and the interrelationships between disease, disability, service use and social support in a random sample of 647 community dwellers aged 75 years and over. The two broad objectives of the study are: to examine the physical aspects and manifestations of health by investigating disease and disability and the interrelationships between these two factors, and; to examine the social aspects of health by investigating service use and social support and the interrelationships between these two factors. Given the dramatic population ageing in Australia, particularly in the very old age groups, the health, well-being and quality of life of older Australians are of paramount importance and will be well into the future. The proportion of the population with diseases and disabilities increases significantly with age. As the physical aspects of health are manifested with increasing age the social aspects of health also become increasingly important. Older adults, particularly those in advanced old age, are disproportionately high users of health and community services. Despite the high use of services in this age group, far more older adults living in the community rely on their families, friends and neighbours for social support and many older adults use a combination of formal services and informal social support. Little is known about people aged 75 years and over living in the community in Australia. In particular, significant knowledge gaps exist with regard to the relationship between disease and disability and that between service use and social support. The characteristics of social support in this group of older adults are also largely unknown. The papers presented in this thesis are based on data collected in The Sydney Older Persons Study (SOPS). This is a large longitudinal multidisciplinary project which began in 1991 in order to investigate the health and service use patterns of people aged 75 years and over living in the community in the Central Sydney Health Area. The initial sample consisted of two groups: first, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) selected census districts with probability proportional to size and 9271 households were door-knocked to obtain a random sub-sample of the general community (n=320, response rate 73%); second, community-living veterans and war widows residing in the Central Sydney Health Area were selected at random from a list provided by the Department of Veterans Affairs to obtain a veteran/war widow sub-sample (n=327, response rate 82%). Respondents participated in both an interview conducted by a social scientist and a medical assessment performed by a medical practitioner with experience in geriatric medicine. An informant was sought for each respondent and this informant participated in a phone interview conducted by a social scientist. The first paper in this thesis investigates the characteristics of diseases (neurodegenerative, systemic and psychiatric) including their prevalence and association with age. The second paper extends the first by examining the nature of the relationship between disease and disability and in particular which individual diseases and groups of diseases have the greatest impact on disability. The third paper expands the analysis in the second paper by focusing in greater detail on the relationship between disease and disability. The contribution of clinically-diagnosed individual diseases and groups of diseases to three different measures of disability (clinician-rated, informant-rated or proxy and self-report) is investigated here. The fourth paper examines the possibility of disease and disability being the major predictors of service use and social support. It focuses on the determinants of service use and social support using Andersen's behavioral model. The fifth paper investigates the characteristics of social support, in particular gender differences and the socio-demographic variables associated with social support. This is an important research area because lower levels of social support have been found to predict mortality, disease and lower levels of well-being. Finally, the sixth paper links the major themes of the fourth and fifth papers by investigating the relationship between service use and social support. This paper tests Cantor's 'hierarchical-compensatory' mechanism, which predicts a negative association between service use and social support, and the 'bridging' mechanism which predicts a positive association between these two factors. Thus it assesses the extent to which demands for service use and for social support are made together or in a compensatory fashion for respondents of equal disease and disability. The presented work demonstrates that neurodegenerative diseases [dementia, cognitive impairment, parkinsonism, instability (gait ataxia), immobility (gait slowing) and motivation loss/behaviour change] have the largest and most significant increases with age of all disease groups. Therefore the hypothesis made in paper one that neurodegenerative diseases will come to dominate the health care needs of older adults, particularly when combined with population ageing, is supported. Further, results of papers two and three indicate that neurodegenerative diseases result in greater levels of disability, lending credence to the finding that it is these neurodegenerative diseases that are of central importance to the future of the health care needs of older adults of advanced age. While systemic diseases play an important role in disability, the neurodegenerative diseases are under-recognised by self-report and yet are most strongly associated with severe disability. A major recommendation of this study is that assessments and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases be included in disability assessments. With regard to the social aspects of health, the fourth paper finds that disease and disability are the main predictors of service use and social support. The fifth paper highlights important gender differences in social support and also finds that lower levels of social support are associated with increased age, male gender, single marital status and lower socioeconomic status. Because it is widely accepted that social support is protective against adverse health outcomes and low levels of wellbeing, these groups of older adults are at risk of poorer health and wellbeing. Finally the sixth paper fills some knowledge gaps with regard to the relationship between service use and social support. It shows that with regard to IADL (instrumental activities of daily living) services and IADL social support, Cantor's 'hierarchical-compensatory' mechanism (negative correlation) applies but with regard to medical services and both ADL (activities of daily living) and IADL social support the 'bridging' mechanism (positive correlation) is supported. These complex interrelationships between disease, disability, service use and social support are summarised schematically in a model. In light of significant population ageing, substantial resources in the form of medical and community services and social support from carers, family, friends and neighbours will need to be devoted to older adults with diseases, in particular neurodegenerative diseases, and to those with disabilities. Given the increasing importance of disease, disability, service use and social support in very old age, it is crucial that knowledge and understanding of these factors and their interrelationships be advanced in order to better allocate and sustain resources and to ultimately improve the health, well-being and quality of life of very old adults.

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24

Wright, Faith Joy. "Sleep Quality and Health in an African American Sample". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2018.

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The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to examine the association between African Americans' (AA) self-reported sleep quality and health problems in a community sample of adult AAs. This study was grounded in McEwen's theory that brief and long-term sleep deprivation triggers a stress response that increases allostatic load, which leads to ill health and poor sleep quality. The sample of volunteer participants for this study (N =121) was drawn from a community base of AA adults, aged 20 -70, who resided in the suburbs of Atlanta, Georgia and attended 1 of 3 local churches. Participants completed a self-administered survey consisting of structured standardized scales that covered the perception of stress, racism, sleep quality, social support, and perceived burden from physical and psychological symptoms. Multiple regression and correlation analyses were used to test hypothesized relationships among study variables and poor sleep quality. The results of this study found that health problems were positively correlated with poor sleep quality. The mediating and moderating role of social support, psychological stress, and racism on health and sleep quality were assessed. Psychological stress and perceived racism were found to mediate the relationship between poor sleep quality and health problems; however, social support did not. Psychological stress, perceived racism, and social support were not found to moderate the relationship between health problems and sleep quality. The results of this study contribute to knowledge and can inform health practice about the relationship of health problems and sleep quality among African Americans, as well as the role of stress and racism in exacerbating both health problems and sleep quality in this population.

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25

Scaife, Wendy A. "Transforming human energy to power for change : development principles for charitable health organisations seeking to optimise community and other support of Australian medical science". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36364/1/36364_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.

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26

Edelbrock, Dorothy Marcia. "Disease, disability, service use and social support amongst community-dwelling people aged 75 years and over: the Sydney older persons study". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15961/1/Dorothy_Edelbrock_Thesis.pdf.

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This study investigates the characteristics of and the interrelationships between disease, disability, service use and social support in a random sample of 647 community dwellers aged 75 years and over. The two broad objectives of the study are: to examine the physical aspects and manifestations of health by investigating disease and disability and the interrelationships between these two factors, and; to examine the social aspects of health by investigating service use and social support and the interrelationships between these two factors. Given the dramatic population ageing in Australia, particularly in the very old age groups, the health, well-being and quality of life of older Australians are of paramount importance and will be well into the future. The proportion of the population with diseases and disabilities increases significantly with age. As the physical aspects of health are manifested with increasing age the social aspects of health also become increasingly important. Older adults, particularly those in advanced old age, are disproportionately high users of health and community services. Despite the high use of services in this age group, far more older adults living in the community rely on their families, friends and neighbours for social support and many older adults use a combination of formal services and informal social support. Little is known about people aged 75 years and over living in the community in Australia. In particular, significant knowledge gaps exist with regard to the relationship between disease and disability and that between service use and social support. The characteristics of social support in this group of older adults are also largely unknown. The papers presented in this thesis are based on data collected in The Sydney Older Persons Study (SOPS). This is a large longitudinal multidisciplinary project which began in 1991 in order to investigate the health and service use patterns of people aged 75 years and over living in the community in the Central Sydney Health Area. The initial sample consisted of two groups: first, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) selected census districts with probability proportional to size and 9271 households were door-knocked to obtain a random sub-sample of the general community (n=320, response rate 73%); second, community-living veterans and war widows residing in the Central Sydney Health Area were selected at random from a list provided by the Department of Veterans Affairs to obtain a veteran/war widow sub-sample (n=327, response rate 82%). Respondents participated in both an interview conducted by a social scientist and a medical assessment performed by a medical practitioner with experience in geriatric medicine. An informant was sought for each respondent and this informant participated in a phone interview conducted by a social scientist. The first paper in this thesis investigates the characteristics of diseases (neurodegenerative, systemic and psychiatric) including their prevalence and association with age. The second paper extends the first by examining the nature of the relationship between disease and disability and in particular which individual diseases and groups of diseases have the greatest impact on disability. The third paper expands the analysis in the second paper by focusing in greater detail on the relationship between disease and disability. The contribution of clinically-diagnosed individual diseases and groups of diseases to three different measures of disability (clinician-rated, informant-rated or proxy and self-report) is investigated here. The fourth paper examines the possibility of disease and disability being the major predictors of service use and social support. It focuses on the determinants of service use and social support using Andersen's behavioral model. The fifth paper investigates the characteristics of social support, in particular gender differences and the socio-demographic variables associated with social support. This is an important research area because lower levels of social support have been found to predict mortality, disease and lower levels of well-being. Finally, the sixth paper links the major themes of the fourth and fifth papers by investigating the relationship between service use and social support. This paper tests Cantor's 'hierarchical-compensatory' mechanism, which predicts a negative association between service use and social support, and the 'bridging' mechanism which predicts a positive association between these two factors. Thus it assesses the extent to which demands for service use and for social support are made together or in a compensatory fashion for respondents of equal disease and disability. The presented work demonstrates that neurodegenerative diseases [dementia, cognitive impairment, parkinsonism, instability (gait ataxia), immobility (gait slowing) and motivation loss/behaviour change] have the largest and most significant increases with age of all disease groups. Therefore the hypothesis made in paper one that neurodegenerative diseases will come to dominate the health care needs of older adults, particularly when combined with population ageing, is supported. Further, results of papers two and three indicate that neurodegenerative diseases result in greater levels of disability, lending credence to the finding that it is these neurodegenerative diseases that are of central importance to the future of the health care needs of older adults of advanced age. While systemic diseases play an important role in disability, the neurodegenerative diseases are under-recognised by self-report and yet are most strongly associated with severe disability. A major recommendation of this study is that assessments and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases be included in disability assessments. With regard to the social aspects of health, the fourth paper finds that disease and disability are the main predictors of service use and social support. The fifth paper highlights important gender differences in social support and also finds that lower levels of social support are associated with increased age, male gender, single marital status and lower socioeconomic status. Because it is widely accepted that social support is protective against adverse health outcomes and low levels of wellbeing, these groups of older adults are at risk of poorer health and wellbeing. Finally the sixth paper fills some knowledge gaps with regard to the relationship between service use and social support. It shows that with regard to IADL (instrumental activities of daily living) services and IADL social support, Cantor's 'hierarchical-compensatory' mechanism (negative correlation) applies but with regard to medical services and both ADL (activities of daily living) and IADL social support the 'bridging' mechanism (positive correlation) is supported. These complex interrelationships between disease, disability, service use and social support are summarised schematically in a model. In light of significant population ageing, substantial resources in the form of medical and community services and social support from carers, family, friends and neighbours will need to be devoted to older adults with diseases, in particular neurodegenerative diseases, and to those with disabilities. Given the increasing importance of disease, disability, service use and social support in very old age, it is crucial that knowledge and understanding of these factors and their interrelationships be advanced in order to better allocate and sustain resources and to ultimately improve the health, well-being and quality of life of very old adults.

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27

Matz, Bergström y Thomas Eek. "Studiesocial verksamhet, hälsa och delaktighet : En webbenkätundersökning på Mälardalens högskola". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-10173.

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Delaktighet och socialt kapital är två viktiga beståndsdelar för en god hälsa. Inom dessa begrepp inryms sociala nätverk, socialt stöd och tillit som återkommer när föreningsdelaktighet diskuteras. I Sverige är föreningstraditionen väl förankrad vilket bevisas då ungefär hälften av Sveriges befolkning arbetar i en förening. Syftet med studien var att kartlägga studenters delaktighet i studiesocial verksamhet samt studera relationer mellan studenters delaktighet och hälsa. För att besvara syftet skickades en webbenkätundersökning till samtliga andraårsstudenter på akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling på Mälardalens högskola, Västerås. Resultatet, med en svarsfrekvens på 20 procent, visar att två tredjedelar av studenterna har deltagit i aktiviteter inom studiesocial verksamhet medan ungefär 40 procent var delaktiga i arbetet i någon förening. Anledningen till att studenter valde att vara delaktiga i arbetet var främst för att träffa andra människor och skapa kontaktnät. Statistiska signifikanstest av samband var inte möjliga att genomföra mellan deltagande i aktiviteter och hälsa, praktiskt stöd eller emotionellt stöd på grund av att datamaterialet var för litet och även snedfördelat. Det samma gällde samband mellan delaktighet i arbetet och hälsa, praktiskt stöd eller emotionellt stöd. Däremot fanns statistiskt signifikanta samband mellan både deltagande i aktiviteter och tillit samt delaktighet i arbetet och tillit.
Active participation and social capital are important factors for good health. The underlying components of these terms are; social network, social support and social trust. These are the basis for further discussion of participation in nonprofit organizations and unions. Sweden has a strong cultural tradition of membership in such groups and roughly half of the population work in one. The aim of this study survey was to monitor student’s participation in study related social activities and examine relations between student’s participation levels and ther overall health. To answer the aim of the study a web survey was sent to all second year students at the School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology. Of those who received the questionnaire around 20 percent answered. Results suggested that two thirds of students had taken part in student union activities while about 40 percent had worked in some kind of union organization. The main motives for participation were to meet other people and to build social networks. Due to the fact that the survey data was too small and not equally divided , statistical significant test could not be performed. Correlations between taking part in union activities or working in student unions and practical support, emotional support or health was not possible to test. However, there were notable connections between both, participation in union activities, and working in a student union, and social trust.
Läsvärd!! :)

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28

Eklund, Per-Olof. "Psykosociala problem vid hepatit C". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26624.

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Vissa sjukdomar för konsekvenser med sig utöver den somatiska bördan. Hepatit C är en av dessa. Detta virus påverkar den drabbades liv på ett sätt som står över den patologiska beskrivningen. Varje år anmäls 2000 fall av hepatit C i Sverige. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att få kunskap om omfattningen av psykosociala problem hos hepatit C-smittade. Litteraturstudien grundar sig på sju vetenskapliga artiklar. Forskningsprocessen inspirerades av Goodmans sju olika steg. Som teoretisk referensram har använts Carnevalis modell för ett funktionellt hälsotillstånd i dagligt liv. Resultatet presenteras genom fyra olika teman som identifierades under artikelgranskningen: (1) Stigmatisering av individer med hepatit C, (2) rädsla förknippad med hepatit C, (3) Depressiva symtom förknippade med hepatit C och (4) Bristande socialt stöd vid hepatit. Resultatet pekar på att hepatit C-smittade i stor omfattning upplever psykosociala problem. Detta medför att den smittades livssituation påverkas negativt och därmed minskar dennes möjlighet till att uppleva hälsa.
Certain diseases carry consequences beyond the somatic burden. Hepatitis C is one of them. This virus influences the infected beyond its pathological description. Every year 2000 cases of Hepatitis C are reported in Sweden. The aim of this study was to illuminate the extent and character of psychosocial problems in patients with the diagnosis hepatitis C. The study is based on seven scientific articles. The seven steps for a literature study presented by Goodman inspired the research process. As a theoretical frame of reference Carnevali´s model for a functional and healthy daily life has been used. The analysis resulted in four themes: (1) Stigmatization, (2) fear associated with hepatitis C, (3) depressive symptoms connected with the diagnosis and (4) lack of social support The results indicate that patients with the diagnosis hepatitis C experience psychosocial problems to a larger extent. This also means that these patients are negatively influenced leading to a decreased opportunity to experience health.

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29

Koliouli, Flora. "Approche écosystémique de l'expérience paternelle et du soutien social lors d'une naissance prématurée : analyse du stress paternel, des stratégies de coping et de la relation avec le nouveau-né auprès de 48 pères". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20032.

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L’objectif de cette étude est d’appréhender le vécu psychoaffectif des pères de bébés prématurés (Lindberg & al., 2008), leurs relations avec le bébé (Morisod-Harari & al., 2013 ; Ibanez & al., 2006), leur conjointe (Frascarolo, 2001) et les professionnels (Tombeur & al., 2007; Fegran & Helseth, 2009) selon l’approche écosystémique (Bronfenbrenner, 2005). Plus spécifiquement, le modèle opérationnel Processus-Personne-Contexte-Temps (Bronfenbrenner, 1996) sur lequel nous prenons appui, a permis, de manière originale, de procéder à l’analyse de la contribution de facteurs d’ordre individuel, familial et contextuel au vécu psychoaffectif de ces pères. Au plan méthodologique, 48 pères ont participé à notre étude au moyen d’un entretien semi-directif basé sur l’Entretien Clinique pour les parents à risque (CLIP) (Meyer, Zeanah, Boukydis & Lester, 1993) et d’une série de questionnaires. Nous avons utilisé des tests standardisés et des questionnaires adaptés à notre problématique : l’Inventaire de l’Alliance Parentale (Abidin & Brunner, 1995), le Parent Medical Interview Satisfaction Scale (P-MISS) (Lewis, Scott, Pantell & Wolf, 1986), le Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC), (Johnston & Mash, 1989), l’Echelle de Stress Parental : Unité de Néonatologie (Miles, Funk & Carlson, 1993), le Questionnaire Périnatal du Stress Post-traumatique (Quinnell & Hynan, 1999), le Coping Health Inventory for Parents, CHIP (McCubbin, McCubbin, Patterson, Cauble, Wilson & Warwick, 1983) et l’échelle du soutien familial et social, FSS (Dunst, Jenkins & Trivette, 1984). Nos principaux résultats indiquent que les pères construisent un premier lien avec leur bébé mais témoignent également d’un vécu traumatique lié à la prématurité. Les pères présentent une alliance coparentale coopérative et une satisfaction élevée vis-à-vis du personnel soignant. Par ailleurs, les résultats révèlent que le sentiment de compétence paternelle est moins élevé chez les pères de notre échantillon comparé à celui de la population générale. Ils mettent aussi en évidence que le stress paternel est élevé et qu’il va induire un état de stress post-traumatique dès leur séjour dans le service. Pour autant, la majorité des pères adopte des stratégies de coping, telles que le maintien de la cohésion familiale et la communication avec le personnel soignant et les autres parents dans le service. Enfin, nous avons mis en évidence l’influence des caractéristiques du contexte, à savoir le soutien familial et le soutien extrafamilial fourni par l’équipe soignante et les autres parents dans le service, sur l’ensemble de nos variables. L’ensemble des résultats obtenus permet de proposer des perspectives de recherche et des pistes d’intervention auprès des pères de bébés prématurés au sein des services concernés
The aim of this study is to analyse the life experiences of fathers of prematurely-born infants (Lindberg & al., 2008), their relationship with the baby (Morisod-Harari & al., 2013; Ibanez & al., 2006), their partner (Frascarolo, 2001) and the medical staff (Tombeur & al., 2007; Fegran & Helseth, 2009) based on the theoretical eco-systemic approach (Bronfenbrenner, 2005). Specifically the operational model « Process-Person-Context-Time » (Bronfenbrenner, 1996), on which we are building, in an original manner, to analyse the contribution of personal, contextual and family-related factors on the fathers’ life experiences. As per our methodology, 48 fathers of prematurely-born infants participated in our study through a semi-structured interview, based on the Clinical Interview for parents of high risk infants (Meyer, Zeanah, Boukydis & Lester, 1993), as well as a series of questionnaires. We used standardised tests as well as questionnaires adapted to our study purposes: the Parenting Alliance Inventory (PAI)(Abidin & Brunner, 1995) and the Parent Medical Interview Satisfaction Scale (P-MISS) (Lewis, Scott, Pantell & Wolf, 1986) in order to analyze the proximal processes. Fathers were asked to evaluate their life experiences by completing the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC), (Johnston & Mash, 1989), the Parent Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (PSS: NICU) (Miles & Davis, 1993), the Perinatal Post-traumatic Questionnaire (PPQ) (Quinnell & Hynan, 1999) and the Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP) (McCubbin, McCubbin, Patterson, Cauble, Wilson & Warwick, 1983). The family and extra family support were measured by the Family Support Scale (FSS) (Dunst, Jenkins & Trivette, 1984). Our principal results indicate that fathers construct an early bond with the infant but also admit to being traumatised by the premature birth. The fathers also exhibit a cooperative parenting alliance with and a high level of satisfaction towards the medical staff. However, the results reveal an inferior sense of paternal competence by the fathers within our sample compared to the general population. The results also show that paternal stress is high and will induce post-traumatic stress symptoms during the hospitalisation of the infant. Though, most fathers adopt a coping strategy, such as maintaining family cohesion and communication with the medical staff and other fathers in the unit. Finally, the impact of the context’s characteristics on all our variables is highlighted, namely family support and extra-family support provided by the medical staff and other parents in the neonatal unit. The results obtained allow us to suggest research themes as well as intervention schemes within the relevant services, towards the fathers of prematurely-born infants

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Chabo, Rihan. "Stadsdelsförvaltningens arbete med integration av ensamkommande barn och ungdomar : En kvalitativ studie om hur medarbetarna i Rinkeby – Kista stadsdelsförvaltning upplever sitt arbete med integration". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-43580.

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Att integrera individer i samhället är en förutsättning för befolkningens välbefinnande. Stadsdelsförvaltningarnas arbetar med att integrera ensamkommande barn och ungdomar i samhället bör därför uppmärksammas. Forskning kring integration av ensamkommande barn är ännu bristfällig, dock har studier visat att ensamkommande barn löper en större risk att drabbas av psykisk ohälsa än övriga samhällsgrupper. Denna studie undersöker hur medarbetarna i Rinkeby – Kista stadsdelsförvaltning upplever sitt arbete kring integration av ensamkommande barn och ungdomar i samhället. En kvalitativ metod tillämpades i studien där forskningsprocessen och innehållsanalysen genomfördes med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Det var totalt fem informanter som deltog från Rinkeby- Kista stadsdelsförvaltning. Studiens resultat visa att det var viktigt som medarbetare att ha förförståelse och kunskaper om olika kulturella bakgrunder för att bemöta olika behov som förekommer bland de ensamkommande barnen och ungdomarna. Samverkan mellan stadsdelsförvaltningen och andra aktörer som psykiatrin (BUP), ungdomsmottagning, arbetsförmedlingen, familjehem etc. upplevdes positiva och ansågs bidra till en framgångsrik integration. Medarbetarna upplevde hinder och möjligheter med integrationen. Hinder som framkom var språksvårigheter, familjeåterföreningar och fördomar. Möjligheterna som ansågs stärka integrationen var goda relationer mellan medarbetarna och de ensamkommande barnen och ungdomarna, trygghet, delaktighet, stöd och gemenskap.

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Sonsona, Jocelyn B. "Factors Influencing Diabetes Self-Management of Filipino Americans with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Holistic Approach". ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1.

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There is an increasing prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus among Filipino Americans. However, how well Filipino Americans with diabetes self-manage their disease and what factors influence their diabetes self-management behaviors remain unknown. Based on a holistic approach, this quantitative study was designed to investigate the diabetes self-management behaviors of this population and the factors influencing their self-management behaviors. The combined roles of diabetes knowledge, diabetes self-efficacy, spirituality, and social support were examined in predicting diabetes self-care behaviors. A convenience sample of 113 Filipino Americans with Type 2 diabetes mellitus completed the Diabetes Knowledge Test, Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Test, Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, Diabetes Social Support Questionnaire-Family Version, Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (Expanded), and a researcher-designed sociodemographic survey. A single samplet -test determined that the participants engaged well in diabetes self-management practices. Multiple regression analyses revealed self-efficacy, spirituality, and social support were predictive of diabetes self-management behaviors, even after controlling for the effect of the confounding variables (e.g., acculturation, socioeconomic status, health-related data, immigration status, education). Diabetes knowledge did not have a significant relationship to self-management. The implications for positive social change include the potential impact of educating clients with diabetes and their family members about the connections between self-efficacy, spirituality, and family social support in the self-management of diabetes. Furthermore, the use of a holistic approach by health professionals would improve diabetes self-management practices of Filipino American population with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Selin, Erik y Adina Lerjefelt. "Ungdomars självkänsla i relation till användningen av sociala medier". Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-6195.

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Syftet är att undersöka hur självkänsla är relaterat till användandet av sociala medier, samt om det föreligger några skillnader mellan pojkar och flickor gällande självkänsla, spenderad tid på och beteende i sociala medier. Frågorna som ska besvaras är: (I) Finns det ett samband mellan självkänsla och spenderad tid på sociala medier? (II) Finns det ett samband mellan självkänsla och aktiv användning av sociala medier? (III) Finns det en skillnad i självkänsla mellan aktiva och passiva användare av sociala medier? (IV) Finns det en skillnad mellan flickor och pojkar gällande självkänsla, spenderad tid på och beteende i sociala medier? Studien utgår från en kvantitativ ansats och materialet samlades in med hjälp av enkäter. Urvalet bestod av 140 stycken ungdomar (13–16 år) och valdes ut genom ett bekvämlighetsurval. Deltagarna fyllde i enkäten under lektionstid. Enkäten var en sammanställning av tre olika mätinstrument, RSES (Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale), Social Media Engagement Questionnaire (SMEQ) och Passive and Active Facebook Use Measure (PAUM). Enkätsvaren bearbetades slutligen statistiskt med korrelationsanalyser och t-tester. Resultatet visade på svaga negativa samband mellan självkänsla och de tre variablerna spenderad tid, aktiv social användning respektive aktiv icke-social användning. Resultatet visade inte på någon signifikant skillnad mellan passiva och aktiva användare. Pojkar rapporterade högre nivåer av självkänsla än flickor. Flickor rapporterade högre nivåer av passiv användning, aktiv social användning och aktiv icke-social användning än pojkar. En möjlig slutsats är att det finns en koppling mellan användningen av sociala medier och individens självkänsla. Resultatet i denna studie visade på att hög användning av sociala medier kan vara relaterat till en sämre självkänsla. Det verkar även finnas tendenser till skillnader mellan pojkar och flickor gällande både självkänsla och användningen av sociala medier. Det behövs ytterligare forskning på den yngre generationen för att ta reda på hur den unga individen kan använda sociala medier på ett sätt som främjar självkänslan.
The aim of this study is to examine how self-esteem is related to usage of social media, and if there are any gender differences between boys and girls regarding self-esteem, spent time and behavior on social media. The questions to be answered are: (I) Is there a relation between self-esteem and spent time on social media? (II) Is there a relation between self-esteem and active usage of social media? (III) Is there a difference in self-esteem between active and passive users of social media? (IV) Is there a difference between girls and boys regarding self-esteem, spent time and behavior on social media? The study has a quantitative approach and the material was collected by using surveys. The sample consisted of 140 adolescents (age 13-16) and was selected through a convenience sample. The participants filled in the survey during class. The survey was a compilation of three different measuring instruments; Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale (RSES), Social Media Engagement Questionnaire (SMEQ) and Passive and Active Facebook Use Measure (PAUM). The answers were processed statistically with correlation analyses and t-test. The result showed weak negative correlations between self-esteem and the three variables spent time, active social usage respective active non-social usage. The result didn’t show any significant difference between passive and active users. Boys reported higher levels of self-esteem than girls. Girls reported higher levels of passive usage, active social usage and active non-social usage. A possible conclusion could be that there is a connection between social media usage and self-esteem. The result in this study showed that large amount of social media usage could be related to lower self-esteem. There seems to be a difference between boys and girls regarding self-esteem and social media usage. Further research on the younger generation is needed to find out how the young individual could use social media in ways that promotes self-esteem.

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Persson, Kerstin. "Samverkan mellan BHV-sjuksköterskor och familjevägledare genom familjeanpassade hembesök". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-42868.

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Background: Parents turn to child health nurses for advice and support. The organization therefore needs to be available. The role of the child health care nurses is to promote the health of children and families, which includes supporting families based on general and individual needs. There are risk factors for children's health, including mental illness, violence and migration. It is important that authorities in society collaborate to actively reduce these risk factors. Social services should work to give children and young people a safe upbringing. The family counselor is part of the social service. The family counselor acts at the family center, as well as the child health care nurses, and here they can interact with children and families based on their respective assignments. Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe the child health care nurses and family counselor's experiences of collaboration in home visits to families with a child eight months of age. Method: A descriptive design, an inductive approach with qualitative interviews analyzed with qualitative content analysis was used. Results: The experience of the child health care nurse and family counselor is that organizational prerequisites allow collaboration and family adapted home visits can give children and families a better back-up. When organizational prerequisites exist, and home visits can be based on the individual family needs, child health care nurses and family counselors experience that collaborating at home visits can be supportive for children and families in the moment and over time and provide better support for children and families

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Ali, Mohamed Kaltum. "Psykosomatiska besvär i relation till socialt stöd bland högskolestudenter : En kvantitativ studie utifrån ett folkhälsovetenskapligt perspektiv". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-43493.

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Background: Several international studies have shown that college students report mental illness such as psychosomatic symptoms. At the same time, there are differences among college students' perceived social support. Aim: The present study is intended to study psychosomatic symptoms and social support among college students, as well as whether there are any gender differences or correlations regarding psychosomatic symptoms and social support. Method: A quantitative research design was used to study psychosomatic symptoms and social support. The present study applied a cross-sectional design and data were collected through a survey. The sample consisted of 132 college students from Mälardalen University. Results: College students report to a greater extent that they have psychosomatic symptoms such as irritation or being in a bad mood, headache, feeling down, feeling nervous and having difficulty to sleep. Psychosomatic symptoms are more common among women than among men. The majority of college students have social support from their family and friends. The result showed that both women and men have about the same amount of social support from their family. All forms of social support from friends are more common among women than among men. The study showed that there is a positive correlation between psychosomatic symptoms and social support. Conclusions: Psychosomatic symptoms are common among college students at Mälardalen University. The study could not confirm that there are differences in the extent of social support from family. However, all forms of social support from friends are more common among women than among men.

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Ydreborg, Berit. "To be in-between : the road to disability pension with reference to the Swedish social insurance system /". Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Univ, 2005. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2005/med929s.pdf.

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Doohan, Isabelle. "Surviving a major bus crash : experiences from the crash and five years after". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kirurgi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-140198.

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Background Major road traffic crashes (RTCs) can have a significant impact on the survivors, their family, and their friends, as well as on emergency personnel, volunteers, and others involved. However, survivors’ perspectives are rare or missing in research on major RTCs in Sweden. A comprehensive understanding of the survivors and their experiences is also lacking. By studying what it is like to survive a major RTC, the care and support provided to survivors can be adapted and improved. The overall aim is to broaden the understanding of the short- and long-term consequences and experiences of surviving a major bus crash. Methods The contexts are two bus crashes that occurred in Sweden, in February 2007 and December 2014. In total, the participants are 110 out of the 112 survivors, and the data is collected through telephone interviews, official reports, and medical records at one month, three months, and five years after the crashes. Analysis methods include qualitative content analysis, descriptive statistics, thematic analysis, and mixed methods research analysis. Results One month after the crash, most of the survivors were experiencing minor or major physical and/or psychological stress in their everyday lives (Study I). Four main findings were identified regarding their experiences of immediate care (Study II): prehospital discomfort, lack of compassionate care, dissatisfaction with crisis support, and satisfactory initial care and support. The importance of compassion and being close to others was also highlighted. Five years after the bus crash in Rasbo (Study III), survivors were still struggling with physical injuries and mental problems. Other long-term consequences were a lasting sense of connectedness among fellow passengers, a gratitude for life, as well as feelings of distress in traffic, especially in regard to buses. The main findings from study IV indicated that injury severity did not seem to affect mental health, and that social aspects were important to the recovery process. There was an interconnection among survivors in which they seemed to be linked to each other’s recovery. Conclusion A strong need for short- and long-term social and psychological support in terms of compassion and community is evident in all the studies. The survivors ought to be acknowledged as capable and having the resources to contribute to their own and their fellow survivors’ recovery and health. There is a need for greater understanding of how different the survivors are, with each one of them having various physical, psychological, social, and existential needs.
Bakgrund Stora trafikskadehändelser kan ha en betydande inverkan på de överlevande och deras närståendes liv, likaså på sjukvårdspersonal, vittnen, och andra som är involverade. Trots detta så är de överlevandes perspektiv sällsynta eller saknas i forskning om stora trafikskadehändelser i Sverige. Det saknas även en helhetsförståelse av överlevande och deras erfarenheter. Genom att studera hur det är att överleva en busskrasch kan omhändertagande och stöd anpassas och förbättras. Det övergripande syftet är att öka förståelsen av kort- och långsiktiga konsekvenser och erfarenheter av att överleva en stor busskrasch. Metod Kontexten är två busskrascher som inträffade i februari 2007 och december 2014 i Sverige. Antal deltagare är 110 av 112 överlevande och data samlades in en månad, tre månader och fem år efter krascherna, via telefonintervjuer, officiella rapporter och medicinska journaler. Analysmetoder inkluderar kvalitativ innehållsanalys, deskriptiv statistik, tematisk analys och mixad metod. Resultat En månad efter kraschen upplevde överlevande fysiskt obehag och/eller psykisk stress i varierande grad i sin vardag (Studie I). Gällande upplevelser av det initiala omhändertagandet (Studie II) identifierades fyra huvudresultat; obehag på skadeplats, brister i omhändertagande och bemötande, missnöje med krisstöd, och tillfredsställande initialt omhändertagande och stöd. Betydelsen av empati och medkänsla från personal och frivilliga samt samhörighet med medpassagerare lyftes fram av de överlevande. Fem år efter busskraschen i Rasbo (Studie III) fanns det överlevande som fortfarande kämpade med fysiska skador och psykiska problem. Andra tydliga långsiktiga konsekvenser var en bestående gemenskap mellan medpassagerare, en tacksamhet över livet, samt oro och rädsla i trafiken, speciellt vid bussåkande. Uppföljningen efter busskraschen i Tranemo (Studie IV) indikerade att sociala aspekter var betydelsefulla för återhämtningsprocessen hos överlevande och att skadornas svårighetsgrad inte var betydande för det psykiska välbefinnandet. En stark samhörighet upplevdes bland de närstående som reste tillsammans och de verkade följa varandras återhämtning. Slutsatser Ett starkt behov av kort- och långsiktigt socialt och psykologiskt stöd i form av gemenskap och empati är tydligt i samtliga studier. De överlevande bör uppmärksammas som aktörer med kapacitet och resurser till att bidra till sin egen och medpassagerares återhämtning och hälsa. Det behövs en ökad förståelse för hur olika de överlevande är, med varierande fysiska, psykologiska, sociala, och existentiella behov.

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Martinez, Tyson Dinorah. "The social context of stress and social support among immigrant Latinas diagnosed with breast cancer". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002709.

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Rodriguez, Maria A. "Reducing Caregiver Burden: Fostering Healthy Aging and Social Support". Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6753.

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Over 43.5 million Americans provide informal care to a fast-growing elderly population in the United States. Informal care allows care-recipients to remain functional members of society. However, research suggests that the demands of informal care can negatively impact the health of caregivers. For example, caregiver burden increases the risk for poor health in caregivers compared to non-caregivers. Caregiving research is on the rise, but the dynamics of informal care in active retirement communities remains widely unexplored. To provide adequate services to lessen caregiver burden and improve the Quality of Life (QoL) of informal caregivers, the various settings in which informal care is delivered must be evaluated. Aiming to understand the needs of informal caregivers and the protective factors against caregiver burden in active retirement communities, data from the USF Health and The Villages study, conducted from October 2011 and March 2013, were analyzed. Data from twenty-nine focus groups (N=144) was used to explore the challenges faced by seniors in a caregiver role and the availability of resources that decrease caregiver burden. The primary focus was informal care and the challenges associated with the caregiver role; findings revealed a great need for caregiver relief and limited information on existing resources is available to informal caregivers. Consistent with existing literature on caregiver burden, having no personal time, financial burden, physical demands, and poor health were commonly identified as the biggest caregiving challenges. However, findings strongly suggest that the unique structure of The Villages community encourages high social support that may be the strongest protective factor against caregiver burden in the community.

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Kenana, Motlatsi Queen. "An evaluation of the attitudes and understanding of HIV/AIDS that underpins the decision to comply or not comply with prenatal HIV/AIDS testing". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9853_1256911768.

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This study aimed to explore the attitudes to HIV testing among a group of black, low socio-economic status pregnant women from Gugulethu, South Africa. The key research interest was to evaluate the attitudes and understandings of HIV/AIDS that underpin the decision to comply or not comply with prenatal HIV testing. Theories of health behaviour concur that the extent to which an individual will engage in a given health behaviour, such as HIV test compliance, will be a function of the extent to which a person believes she is personally susceptible to the particular illness and her evaluation of the severity of the consequences of contracting the disease.

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Omgba-Noah, André Christian. "L’économie morale de l’accompagnement médico-social : étude de deux dispositifs de lutte contre les addictions". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCC038.

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Cette thèse analyse l’orientation de l’agir productif des professionnels du médico-social à partir de la probabilité d’une économie morale de l’accompagnement spécifique à ce champ d’intervention. Après avoir exposé et circonscrit le cadre définitionnel dans lequel s’inscrit cette communauté de valeurs, nous nous appuyons sur un travail empirique effectué dans deux dispositifs de lutte contre les addictions (TAPAJ et l’équipe mobile Aller-vers). L’objectif de cette contribution est d’essayer de montrer que, ces professionnels ne sont pas mûs que par une volonté rationnelle qui les dispose à appliquer sans médiation, les lois qui régissent leur environnement. Ils sont aussi parfois pris et saisis dans un univers baigné par les émotions et les affects, portant leur agir dans des dimensions quasi-vocationnelles. Cette économie morale, dès lors, façonne l’éthique du care qui est une philosophie théorico-pratique considérant principalement le soin comme étant au cœur des préoccupations
This thesis analyzes the orientation of the productive action of medico-social professionals based on the probability of a moral economy of support specific to this field of intervention. After having exposed and circumscribed the definitional framework in which this community of values fits, we rely on empirical work carried out in two systems for combating addictions (TAPAJ and the Aller-vers mobile team). The objective of this contribution is to try to show that these professionals are not moved only by a rational will which disposes them to apply, without mediation, the laws which govern their environment. They are also sometimes caught and seized in a universe bathed in emotions and affects, carrying their action into quasi-vocational dimensions. This moral economy, therefore, shapes the ethics of care which is a theoretical-practical philosophy mainly considering care as being at the heart of concerns

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Nasser, Ali Djambae. "Accès aux soins et gestion des flux migratoires". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR050.

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Mayotte département d’outre-mer français depuis 2011, fait partie de l’archipel des Comores ; elle est séparée des îles de l’État de l’Union des Comores depuis 1975. L’instauration d’un visa en 1995 et l’ordonnance n° 2002-688 du 12 juillet 2004 entréeen vigueur le 1er avril 2005 relative à l’extension de la sécurité sociale à Mayotte exclut les malades étrangers du système de santé mahorais. Ceci entraine des processus d’évacuation sanitaire par la voie d’une immigration clandestine qui provoque des naufrages et des violations des droits du patient. L’attrait de Mayotte et de la France métropolitaine pour les populations défavorisées occasionne des situations de conflits et de concurrence pour l’accès à la protection sanitaire et sociale. Les populations défavorisées de Mayotte, qui se battent pour combler leur retard par rapport à la métropole, vivent mal cette concurrence ; tandis que les populations immigrées vivant dans la clandestinité et sous la menace d’une expulsion imminente, rencontrent des difficultés pour faire valoir leur droit aux soins et au bénéfice à l’assistance du système social. Les obstacles sont nombreux et souvent considérables, dus notamment à la discrimination, à une disparité de difficultés sociales et économiques et à leurs conditions de vie généralement très difficiles. La maîtrise des flux migratoires et la lutte contre l’immigration irrégulière demeurent des priorités de la politique du gouvernement français en matière d’immigration. Laspécificité de la situation du département de Mayotte ainsi que l’importance des flux migratoires qui y sont constatés ont conduit les autorités sanitaires à gérer les flux migratoires liés aux évacuations sanitaires par la voie illégale. La France mène une politique sanitaire en continuant de soutenir l’Union des Comores dans l’amélioration de l’accessibilité et de laqualité des soins, à travers les programmes d’appui au secteur de la santé. Ces programmes auront pour finalité l’amélioration de la santé des mères et des enfants, notamment la réduction des mortalités maternelle et néonatale. La France à travers son organisme Agence française de développement (AFD) entend appuyer le ministère de la Santé dans l’élaboration et la mise en oeuvre des politiques publiques et contribuer au renforcement du cadre institutionnel et juridique du secteur. Il s’agira notamment d’appuyer l’État comorien dans la mise en place de mécanismes de régulation du service privé dans le secteur public et de réformer la pharmacie nationale. Cette recherche pointe les enjeux liés au droit de la protection sociale et au droit de la santé des étrangers sur le territoire national, aussi bien en France métropolitaine qu’à Mayotte. La diversité des droits nationaux applicables à Mayotte constitue une entrave sérieuse face aux dispositifs locaux relatifs à l'accompagnement sanitaire et social. Il est donc indispensable de chercher des solutions juridiques relatives à l’uniformisation de ce droit sanitaire et social afin d’améliorer le système de santé. Les résultats de cette recherche ont montré que les dispositifs locaux tels que le « bon rose » et le « bon AGD » ne sont pas du tout équivalents aux dispositifs nationaux (l'AME et la CMUc)
Mayotte a French overseas department since 2011, is part of the comorian archipelago from which it was separated from the State of Union of the Comoros islands since 1975. The introduction of a visa in 1995 and the order n° 2002-688 delivered on 12 july 2004 and entered into force on April 1st 2005 with regard to the extension of social security in Mayotte exclude the foreign sick from Mayotte's health system. This leads to a process of medical evacuation following an illegal immigration way that causes shipwrecks and the violation of the patient's rights. The attraction of Mayotte and Mainland France for disadvantaged populations lead to conflict situations and competition in the access to health and social protection. Mayotte's disadvantaged populations, who are struggling to catch up with the mainland, do not get along with that competition. At the same time the illegal immigrants living clandestinely and with the threat of expulsion are facing difficulties to assert their right to health care and to benefit from social system assistance. Obstacles are numerous and most of the time considerable, mainly because of discrimination, because of their judicial status, of disparity in their social and economical difficulties and because of their generaly very hard living conditions. The control of migratory flow and the fight against illegal immigrant remain the top priorities of the French government policy as far as immigration is concerned. The singularity of the situation in the department of Mayotte and the huge migratory flows that have been observed led healthcare authorities to handle migratory movements related to illegal medical evacuations. France has a healthcare policy and continues to support the Union of Comoros in the effort to improve healthcare access and quality, through support programs to health sector. These programs aim at improving the health of mothers and children, mainly in reducing maternal mortality. Through its organisation AFD, France aims at supporting health ministry in elaborating and implementing public policies and helping comorian state to put in place regulatory mechanisms of a private service within public sector and to reform the national pharmacy. This work focus on the issues related to the right to social protection and the health law for foreigners on the national territory, in mainland France and in Mayotte as well. Diversity of national laws applicable in Mayotte is a significant barrier to local devices in terms of medical and social assistance. It is necessary to seek legal solutions related to standardization of this health and social law in order to better the healthcare system. During our field research we observed that local devices such as the "pink warrant" and the "good AGD" are not at all equivalent to the national devices (AME and CMUc)

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Di, Ciaccio Marion. "Approche psychosociale de la gestion du risque VIH des Hommes ayant des rapports Sexuels avec des Hommes (HSH) dans un essai de prévention biomédicale communautaire (ANRS-IPERGAY)". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2081.

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La prévention du VIH demeure un enjeu mondial de santé publique. En 2017, on estime encore à 1,8 millions le nombre de personnes nouvellement touchées par le VIH dans le monde (ONUSIDA, 2018) et 6 400 pour la France (Santé publique France, 2019). Les personnes les plus touchées par le VIH en France sont les Hommes ayant des rapports Sexuels avec des Hommes (HSH), ils représentent 41% des nouvelles infections en 2017 (Santé publique France, 2019). C’est dans ce contexte que l’efficacité d’un nouveau moyen de prévention a récemment été évaluée, la prophylaxie préexposition (PrEP).L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier les enjeux psychosociaux relatifs à l’intégration de ce nouveau moyen de prévention dans les stratégies de gestion du risque VIH des HSH participant à un essai de PrEP.Méthode :L’essai ANRS-IPERGAY (2012-2016) s’est déroulé en deux phases : i) randomisée en double aveugle contre placebo (2012-2014) puis ii) en phase ouverte (suppression du bras placebo ; 2014-2016) auprès de HSH (n=428) en France. Cet essai était également une recherche communautaire. Dans ce contexte, des méthodes mixtes ont été déployées pour répondre à l’objectif de cette thèse avec un regard compréhensif et psychosocial. En ce sens, cinq études ont été menées :- 1) Étude quantitative et longitudinale des comportements sexuels et préventifs des HSH dans deux contextes d’exposition au risque (la phase double-aveugle de l’essai versus la phase ouverte).- 2) Analyse quantitative et longitudinale de la perception du risque, de ses facteurs associés ainsi que de ses liens avec l’adhésion à la PrEP et l’utilisation du préservatif. .- 3) Étude qualitative auprès des médecins quant à leur relation avec les participants dans ce contexte d’accompagnement préventif à la gestion des risques- 4) Analyse qualitative de la perception de l’accompagnement combiné médical et communautaire auprès des médecins et participants.- 5) Étude quantitative et longitudinale des facteurs associés aux comportements à risque (i.e rapports sexuels protégés ni par le préservatif ni par la PrEP). .Principaux résultats :Les résultats mettent en avant que l’adhésion à la PrEP est supérieure à celle du préservatif. La perception du risque semble être un déterminant majeur de l’utilisation de la PrEP avant un rapport sexuel, mais ne prédit pas l’utilisation du préservatif. Les résultats montrent également que 19% de rapports sexuels chez les HSH de l’essai restent non protégés par la PrEP sans utilisation du préservatif en contrepartie. Les facteurs associés à ces rapports montrent une absence de « profil » des personnes à risque. Les principaux facteurs associés sont des facteurs dynamiques liés à la situation sociale et relationnelle du rapport sexuel.Par ailleurs, les résultats soulignent une relation participant-médecin fondée sur l’écoute et l’accompagnement. La dynamique relationnelle avec les accompagnateur·rice·s communautaires (AC) a été vécue comme positive par les médecins, avec une mise en avant de la complémentarité de ces deux approches. Les participants ont également porté un regard très positif sur l’accompagnement combiné médical et communautaire..Conclusion :Ce travail de thèse a permis d’avoir une vision d’ensemble des comportements sexuels, de la gestion du risque VIH et des déterminants psychosociaux relatifs à ces aspects. Les données recueillies ont montré que les comportements sexuels et préventifs mis en oeuvre sont davantage influencés par des facteurs contextuels et relationnels que par des caractéristiques personnelles. Ces résultats constituent des pistes concrètes pour les futures actions de prévention auprès des HSH.Concernant la mise en oeuvre de la PrEP, l’adhésion au protocole de prévention peut positivement être influencée par l’accompagnement délivré avec celle-ci
HIV prevention remains a public health issue throughout France and the world. In 2017, of an estimated 1.8 million new HIV infections worldwide (ONUSIDA, 2018), 6400 were in France (Santé publique France, 2019). Men who have sex with men (MSM) constitute the population most affected by the epidemic in France, representing 41% of new infections in 2017 (Santé publique France, 2019).Given this alarming public health situation, the community-based clinical trial ANRS-IPERGAY recently evaluated the use of one of the newest HIV prevention tools – on-demand pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) – in MSM in France. Results showed a relative reduction of 97% in HIV incidence in this population using on-demand PrEP (Molina et al., 2017).The aim of this thesis is to study psychosocial issues linked to PrEP integration into existing risk management strategies by MSM enrolled in ANRS-IPERGAY.Methods:The French community-based ANRS-IPERGAY trial comprised two phases: i) a double-blind placebo-controlled randomised phase (DBP) (2012-2014) and ii) an open-label extension (OLE) study without placebo (2014-2016) among HIV-negative MSM (n=428). A mixed methods approach was implemented during the study in order to meet the thesis objectives, whilst maintaining a comprehensive and psychosocial view. We conducted 5 studies, as follows:- 1) Both sexual and preventive behaviours of MSM in different contexts of risk exposure (i.e., DBP versus OLE) were studied through a longitudinal, quantitative analysis.- 2) Risk perception and associated factors were examined through a longitudinal, quantitative analysis. The level of risk perception was then compared with both the levels of PrEP and condom use.- 3) The participant-physician relationship was explored in the specific context of prevention support as part of risk management, using a qualitative analysis focused on physicians.- 4) The perception of combined medical and community-based support was studied using a qualitative analysis involving both physicians and participants.- 5) Factors associated with condomless anal sex without PrEP were analysed using a quantitative, longitudinal analysis.Results:The quantitative studies highlighted that PrEP use was higher than condom use. Risk perception was a major factor in predicting PrEP use, but not condom use. Results also showed that 19% of anal intercourses by MSM in ANRS-IPERGAY were unprotected (i.e., no condom or PrEP). Factors associated with this show that risk taking do not have a distinctive "profile". Indeed, associated factors were dynamic, dependent of the social and relational contexts of the sexual intercourses. Furthermore, qualitative studies highlighted that participant-physician relationships were based on listening and support. Moreover, physicians positively perceived the relational dynamic with community-based peer counsellors (PC) in the trial. They highlighted the complementary nature of using both approaches. Participants also viewed this combined approach as a strong point. They positively compared physicians participating in the trial with other physicians, yet were less positive when comparing the trial’s physicians with PC.Conclusions:The work carried out in this thesis provides a global view of sexual behaviours, risk management and associated psychosocial determinants in the HIV-negative population in France. Quantitative results showed that sexual and preventive behaviours are more influenced by contextual and relational factors than personal characteristics. This finding provides concrete indications for future HIV prevention programs targeting MSM.Furthermore, with regard to PrEP implementation, PrEP use may be positively influenced by the support system surrounding the MSM, being the relationship with the physicians and the counselling associated

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Jasniskij, Catarina y Leo Marie Rolander. "Hur påverkas kvinnors hälsa av psykosociala faktorer? : En kartläggning av hälsan bland tillsvidareanställda kvinnor i Sotenäs kommun". Thesis, University West, Division of Health and Culture, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-1596.

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Background: Because of the high unhealthy rates among women in the com-mune a project to reduce it have begun. For this reason we have been given the mission from the commune of Sotenäs to study the character of these women's health. Objective: To study the health among permanent employed women in the commune of Sotenäs. Method: Quantitative method. The data have been collected through question-naire survey. The purpose of choosing this method was to be able to see connec-tions between various variables. Result: A large number of women who do not have time to carry out their duties during ordinary working hours have experienced that they are tense and anxious, which means that this mental demand may have affected women's health. The study reveals that many of the women who have not received enough informa-tion from their employer to perform their duties have experienced that they are worn out. The majority of women who lacked in development opportunities at work felt tense. These results imply that small decision latitudes could be one of the explanations of a lower level of health among women. The study identified a number of potential explanations for the sick leave in the commune, as the women felt tense and anxious. Adequate emotional support from friends and family, and a satisfactory everyday social life was related to a low degree of anxiety. A good distribution of practical domestic duties at home was a factor related to a low degree of tension among the permanent employed women in the commune of Sotenäs.

Bakgrund: På grund av det höga ohälsotalet bland kvinnorna i Sotenäs kom-mun har ett arbete med att reducera detta påbörjats. Vi fick därför i uppdrag av Sotenäs kommun att undersöka karaktären på dessa kvinnors hälsa.

Syfte: Att kartlägga hälsan bland tillsvidareanställda kvinnor i Sotenäs kommun och hur den påverkas av psykosociala faktorer i arbets- och privatliv.

Metod: Kvantitativ metod. Datainsamlingstekniken som tillämpades var enkät. Denna valdes för att kunna genomföra sambandsanalyser mellan olika faktorer.

Resultat: Ett stort antal kvinnor som inte hinner utföra sina arbetsuppgifter un-der ordinarie arbetstid uppgav att de är spända och utslitna, vilket innebär att detta psykiska krav kan ha påverkat kvinnornas hälsa. I undersökningen fram-kom vidare att många av kvinnorna som inte mottagit tillräckligt med informa-tion från sin arbetsgivare för att utföra sina arbetsuppgifter att de kände sig ut-slitna. Majoriteten av kvinnorna med bristande utvecklingsmöjligheter i arbetet kände sig spända. Dessa resultat antyder att ett litet beslutsutrymme kan vara en av förklaringarna till en lägre grad av hälsa bland kvinnorna. I undersökningen framkom några möjliga förklaringar till sjukskrivningarna i kommunen, såsom att kvinnorna kände sig spända och utslitna. Ett tillfredsställande emotionellt stöd från vänner och familj, samt ett tillfredsställande vardagligt socialt liv kun-de relateras till en låg grad av oro. En god fördelning av praktiska vardagssyss-lor i hemmet var faktorer, vilka kunde relateras till en låg grad anspänning bland de tillsvidareanställda kvinnorna i Sotenäs kommun.

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Cortes, Cynthia G. "The relationship of medical homeness to the quality of life of mothers of children with and without special health care needs". Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008p/cortes.pdf.

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Wilkinson, Berney J. "Perceived competency in female primary caregivers of infants and toddlers with medical and/or developmental disabilities". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001210.

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Mariados, Philomena. "Social support and coping with cancer (A study in medical sociology)". Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/3682.

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SU, YU-TING y 蘇郁庭. "The Impacts of Care Burden and Social Support on Medical Expenses for Dementia Patients". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/d7j4qv.

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碩士
佛光大學
應用經濟學系
107
Owing to the gradual increased in the number of dementia patients, their care expenses include not only medical expenses but also a lot of non-informal care expenses. Compared with other diseases, the non-informal expenses have gradually increased while medical expenses have declined for dementia patients. The study thus intends to explore the issues of the caregivers cost factors, cost models and the economic benefits of the caregivers care for dementia patients. This study adopts a secondary data analysis. Published by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 2017, the original data is a supplementary research project entitled “Cost of illness of dementia in Taiwan,” which was conducted by Professor Ku, Li-Jung from 2013 to 2015. A total of 279 samples were obtained from the original data for data analysis. Statistical software was first utilized to understand the types of caregivers, followed by factor analysis and cluster analysis using SPSS caregiver burden and caregivers social support to understand their impacts on caring for people with dementia. Through regression analysis, the cost model and economic benefits of the caregivers care for dementia patients were shown. The results indicated that the cost models of caregivers care for dementia patients, house moving, the undergoing stages of dementia for patients, the average household income per month, the sufficient monthly expenditure, the number of younger generations, anxiety group, care group, and accompanying group are all shown significant positive correlation. The house moving will more affect the cost-effectiveness of caregivers for the care of patients with dementia than not house moving, which will increase NT$45,497 per year ; the economic benefits of the undergoing stages of dementia patients will increase NT$30,067 per year; the average household income per month will affect the cost of economic benefits, which is NT$9,844 per year; the economic cost of sufficient monthly expenditure will increase NT$28,480 per year; the economic benefits affected by the number of younger generations will increase NT$12,927 per year; compared to the adjusted group, the anxiety group affects the cost-effectiveness of the caregivers for the care of patients with dementia by NT$60,628 per year; compared with the assisted group, the care group affects the caregivers for the care of dementia patients, whose cost of economic benefits is the increase of NT$134,093 per year. The accompanying group affects the cost-effectiveness of caregivers for the care of patients with dementia by an increase of NT$56,414 per year. Because the samples collected were concentrated in the southern part of Taiwan in this study, if the study can increase the sample selection areas and increase the number of diverse caregivers, the research would be more perfect and the results would be more convincing.

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Auslander, Gail K. "Friend in Need: A Contingency Model of Social Support Networks and Health Status". Thesis, 1985. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8BR8R4N.

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Social support networks have been shown to be related to the health status of various groups of people, when measured in different ways and under different circumstances. Yet, there have been few comparisons of this relationship across population groups. Therefore the purpose of this study was to compare the ways that social support networks relate to the health status of different population groups. The study used data that was collected in Wave I of the National Survey of Personal Health Practices and Consequences in 1979, in telephone interviews with 3025 persons aged 20-64 residing in households with telephones. Ten target groups were selected for study--those with high stress jobs, the unemployed, the aged, the widowed, the bereaved, the disabled, those who had recently experienced serious illness or injury, the poor, those with negative status inconsistency, and single parents. It was found that there was no uniform pattern in the way that social networks relate to health status, but rather different elements of social networks related to the health status of members of different target groups. These relationships were fairly consistent regardless of which of two health status measures were employed--self-rated health status and composite health status. And social networks were more strongly related to the health status of target group members than they were to the health of the general population. Existing theories regarding the ability of social networks to predict health status are explored, in an attempt to explain the findings of this study. As they prove inadequate, a new model is proposed, in which the needs of various groups are seen as determining which social network elements will be able to modify health status. That is to say, the success of social networks in maintaining health is contingent upon a proper fit between social networks, individual needs and health status. The implications of the study for social work practice and policy center around the importance of specificity in relating networks to health. In addition, avenues for future research are explored, especially in designing studies to specifically test the proposed model.

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BOWLYOW, JOYCE ELAINE. "SOCIAL SUPPORT AND ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES AMONG THE UNEMPLOYED (MEDICAL CARE, PREVENTIVE DENTAL POLICY INSURANCE)". 1985. http://books.google.com/books?id=WU09AAAAMAAJ.

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HUI, HSU PAO y 許保惠. "A Study of Job Stress and Burnout among Medical Radiologists in Northern Taiwan--Social Support as a Moderator Variable". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48393068468726868162.

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碩士
中國文化大學
心理輔導研究所
96
The purpose of study is focusing on medical radiologists in northern Taiwan. This study aims to examine the situation, relationship and difference of background among job stress, burnout, and social support. Furthermore, to explore each job stress variable whether capable to effectively predict each level of burnout. Finally, to examine the social support whether has moderating effect between job stress and burnout. The study indicated that the analyzed data is collected by questionnaires from medical Radiologists in Northern Taiwan. Total 261 questionnaires have been sent, the 202 of them are completed. The response rate is 77.7%. The data is tested by descriptive statistics, cronbach’s α reliability analysis, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, canonical correlation analysis and regression analysis. As a whole, the result will be addressed as following points : 1. The job stress of the medical radiologists is medium level. The perception of job stress has significant differences among marital status, education, departments, job position and hospital attribution. 2. The burnout of the medical radiologists is medium level. The perception of burnout has significant differences among job position and hospital attribution. 3. The social support of the medical radiologists is medium-high level. The perception of social support has significant differences among seniority and hospital levels. 4. Job stress is significant positive related to the burnout. 5. Job stress variable has significant predictive power in burnout variable, the predictive power is 45.1%. 6. Social support is found to noticeably moderate the relationship between job stress and burnout, especially supervisory support is the most significant.

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