Artículos de revistas: "Medical examinationa"

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Pietruszyńska-Jarosz, Katarzyna. "Badania lekarskie pracowników". Praca i Zabezpieczenie Społeczne 2020, n.º 6 (20 de junio de 2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33226/0032-6186.2020.6.9.

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G.X., Ernaeva, Sattarov T.F. y Maxamatjanova N.M. "DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF PSYCHODIAGNOSTIC EXAMINATIONS OF TAEKWONDO PLAYERS". Frontline Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Journal 03, n.º 06 (1 de junio de 2023): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/medical-fmspj-03-06-.

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This article is devoted to the early detection of psychopathological changes, the study of temperament and character accentuation, as well as the identification and study of anxiety-phobic disorders which are observed in taekwondo athletes through psycho diagnostic examinations.

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G.X., Ernaeva. "DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF PSYCHODIAGNOSTIC EXAMINATIONS OF TAEKWONDO PLAYERS". Frontline Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Journal 03, n.º 06 (1 de junio de 2023): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/medical-fmspj-03-06-04.

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This article is devoted to the early detection of psychopathological changes, the study of temperament and character accentuation, as well as the identification and study of anxiety-phobic disorders which are observed in taekwondo athletes through psycho diagnostic examinations.

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Теплякова, E. Teplyakova, Щербаков y S. Shcherbakov. "Automation of accounting and reporting of preventive medical exams and clinical examination in medical organizations". Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal 8, n.º 1 (5 de noviembre de 2014): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7354.

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Implementation of information technology in health care is one of the urgent tasks of modernization. Questions automation of accounting and reporting on clinical examination carried out by certain groups of adults, clinical examination of orphans, professional examinations and adult medical examination of the child population (preventive, preliminary, periodic) make up a significant part of the activities of medical organizations both in terms of achieving the goals of the organization. The implementation of a software system "health card", its implementation and use in the medical organization is effectively used in the integration of medical information system in a medical organization. The functions of the system meet all the requirements necessary to meet its work regulations governing the procedure and forms for clinical examination and professional examinations, monitoring of accounting work, the results of clinical examination and analysis of professional examinations, the acceleration of employees by automatically filling out forms, flexible system configuration. Integration of "health map" with electronic medical records enables to collect card baseline medical examination (clinical examination) of the input specialists medical examinations and investigations.Automation of accounting and reporting of preventive medical exams and clinical examination allows medical organization to reduce the labor of doctors and other staff to fill in the documentation and accounting work to avoid mistakes in documents and reports, provide timely and accurate reporting of the established forms of the Ministry of Health.

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Panova, I. V., O. E. Chernov y V. F. Pfaf. "Mandatory medical examinations as a method of prevention". Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, n.º 9 (19 de marzo de 2020): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-717.

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Currently, the normative acts do not define the priority and order of interaction (routing) between various types of medical examinations (examinations) working during mandatory, preventive medical examinations and medical examination. The order of action of doctors in the diagnosis of diseases at various stages of the examination has not been determined.

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Khyzhniak, V. V., V. O. Оlkhovskyі, А. O. Моrgun, K. V. Kutsenko y O. O. Мorgun. "FORENSIC AND MEDICAL SUPPORT OF "MEDICAL CASES"". Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 18 (26 de diciembre de 2018): 558–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2018.65.

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The article considers legal incompleteness and contradictions of physician examiners and physician consultants status, who are almost always involved in forensic medical examinations in "medical cases". Negative consequences of total medical documentation photocopying are demonstrated that provided to the commission of experts in an inappropriate form (illegible handwriting, abbreviations, incomprehensible shortenings, surzhyk, signatures without a name indication, etc.). Authors emphasizes selective use of standards and protocols for the provision of medical care on "medical cases" by commission of experts. Revealed "problem fields" provoke corruption and "falsely understood service interests" among medical employees involved as forensic medical examiners, physician examiners, physician consultants and physicians who are brought to legal responsibility for professional offenses committed by them. It negatively affects performing and conclusions of commission forensic medical examinations on "medical cases". The reason for "problem locations" is incomplete medico-legal study of process subjects’ status of commission forensic medical examinations that means rights, duties and responsibilities of these entities are unclear. For prevention of negative elements and actions while forensic medical examination regarding "medical cases" next activities are proposed: rights, duties and responsibilities of physician examiners and physician consultants should be brought into line with the current legislation of Ukraine; commission forensic medical examinations for "medical cases" should be carried out exclusively according to the requirements of standards and protocols for provision of medical assistance with elements implementation of a "blind examination" of victims; to increase exactingness (accuracy and timing of registration) to compiling medical and forensic medical documentation; improve the legal and normative documentation that regulates forensic medical activities; discuss the issue of establishing a state agency for forensic examinations under the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine with subordination of all departmental expert services.

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Grishina, Ekaterina Pavlovna, Svetlana Valentinonva Shiryaeva, Natalia Aleksandrovna Sheiafetdinova y Andrey Aleksandrovich Solovyev. "Forensic Medical Examination of the Quality of Medical Care: Legal, Methodological and Ethical Issues". International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 23, n.º 4 (20 de diciembre de 2019): 668–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v23i4/pr190400.

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Kornienko, I. V., K. V. Stepanov, T. G. Faleeva, V. S. Rakuts, I. N. Ivanov, E. S. Mishin, N. V. Kononov, N. E. Levchenko y Y. S. Sidorenko. "On the Licensing of Forensic DNA Analysis Activities". Theory and Practice of Forensic Science 14, n.º 2 (13 de julio de 2019): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30764/1819-2785-2019-14-2-107-114.

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The question of whether it is appropriate to classify genetic examinations of kinship as a medical service is considered in the article. Establishment of identity of an unknown individual (alive or dead) with a specific person is a classic example of forensic medical genetic examination. At the same time an examination on establishment of biological kinship of people whose identity is known and doesn’t demand identification cannot be classified as an identificational. That is the study of human DNA to establish kinship cannot be referred to as a class of medical examinations. Forensic medical examination (including genetic) is a type of medical activity which is carried out by a medical organization and therefore needs licensing. However, if an examination is not carried out in a medical organization and there is no word “medical” in the name such an examination cannot be considered as a medical activity and doesn’t need licensing exactly as it is arranged in expert institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation at this point. Such examinations can be considered as a type of forensic biological expertise.

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Zhizherina, Yu. "How to properly conduct a medical examination". Voprosy trudovogo prava (Labor law issues), n.º 10 (30 de octubre de 2021): 775–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pol-2-2110-07.

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The organization of medical examination of employees is a direct obligation of the employer. Since April 2021, the rules for undergoing medical examinations have been changed. What is included in the area of responsibility of the personnel officer, what medical examinations and examinations the employee must undergo, how the personnel service should correctly organize and arrange for preliminary and periodic medical examinations, read the material.

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Wiertel-Krawczuk, Agnieszka y Juliusz Huber. "Iatrogenic injury and regeneration of the facial nerve after parotid gland tumour surgery: a pilot study with clinical and neurophysiological assessment". Journal of Medical Science 89, n.º 1 (31 de marzo de 2020): e385. http://dx.doi.org/10.20883/medical.385.

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Introduction. Benign tumour surgery of the parotid gland may cause iatrogenic injury of the facial nerve, with results of postoperative treatment depending on the type of injury. The study aimed to clarify the mechanism of facial nerve injury after benign tumour surgery of parotid gland. Materials and Methods. The effectiveness was verified preoperatively and 1, 3, 6 and 17 months postoperatively. House-Brackmann scales, electroneurography, blink reflex study and needle electromyography were performed. Pharmacological treatment (Galantamine, Cocarboxylase, Dexamethasone, Triamcinolone) and supervised physiotherapeutic procedures (Facial-Oral-Tract-Therapy, Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) were applied for six months. Results. Tumour removal led to the total paralysis of the left facial nerve, IV, III and III House-Brackmann grades were ascertained at the subsequent 3rd–5th periods of observation. In postoperative studies, electroneurography results showed full functional recovery of the frontal branch and incomplete regeneration in the marginal mandibular branch. Blink reflex examination showed proper parameters of evoked potentials only during preoperative and the last observation period. Residual voluntary activity of the frontal muscle and weak voluntary activity of orbicularis oris muscle were recorded in the needle electromyography examination. Contracture of mimic muscles at rest and improvement of their voluntary activity on the left side was observed six months after surgery compared to the early period of observation. Conclusion. Consecutive studies showed the predominant axonal type of injury in the marginal mandibular branch and neuropraxia effect of the facial nerve, allowing the creation of a rehabilitation programme optimal for the functional recovery of the nerve.

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Inamori, Masahiko, Hiroshi Iida y Akihiko Kusakabe. "II. Diagnosis of Chronic Constipation; Medical Interview, Physical Examination and Detailed Examinations". Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 108, n.º 1 (10 de enero de 2019): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.108.16.

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Khan, FarooqAhmed. "Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) as assessment tools for medical student examination". Telangana Journal of Psychiatry 2, n.º 1 (2016): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2455-8559.314430.

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Bui, Thi Thanh Van. "Factors related to waiting time for medical examination at outpatient department – 108 Military central Hospital". Tạp chí Khoa học Điều dưỡng 7, n.º 02 (22 de abril de 2024): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54436/jns.2024.02.767.

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Objectives: Describe factors related to waiting time for examination at the outpatient department - 108 Military Central Hospital. Research participants and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study analyzing 800 patients on medical examination from April 2022 to December 2022. Results: The longest waiting time for medical examination for people under 18 years old was 283.2 ± 173.9 minutes, and the shortest was for people over 60 years old: 189.5 ± 131.8 minutes. Among the participants, the longest medical examination time was 253.7 ± 111.8 minutes, the shortest was the health insurance group: 183.2 ± 131.4 minutes. The relationship between waiting time for medical examination and the day of medical examination, Tuesday was the day with the highest number of medical examinations (190 patients) and also the day with the longest medical examination time: 245.1 ± 132.9 minutes (4 hours 05 minutes). Waiting time for medical examination is, as a rule, the more clinical tests are performed, the more waiting time for medical examination increases. For 4 tests, the longest waiting time for medical examination was 331.3 ± 122.6 minutes (5 hours 31 minutes), and no test had the shortest time of 50.7 ± 772.9 (51 minutes). The waiting time for medical examination among the group of patients who had blood tests, ultrasound, X-ray, functional diagnosis, and gastrointestinal endoscopy was longer than the group who did not perform these techniques. Conclusion: Factors are statistically significantly related to patient waiting time for examination including age, education level, occupation, mobility, number of medical examinations, hospital distance, time to register for medical examination and treatment, and number of paraclinical tests.

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Klepalova, Yu I. y O. V. Shcherbakova. "Current trends in medical examinations of traffic-related workers". Law Enforcement Review 7, n.º 4 (10 de enero de 2024): 156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.52468/2542-1514.2023.7(4).156-165.

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The subject of this study is the legal norms that establish the list of subjects to undergo compulsory medical examination, factors to be assessed during medical examination, as well as the procedure of medical examinations. The article is dedicated to the major aspects of the legal regulation of the procedure for medical examinations of workers engaged in the transportation.The purpose of the study is to identify trends in the legal regulation of medical examinations of workers engaged in the transportation, including those caused by the introduction of digitalization in these processes.Methodology. The empirical study consists of several stages. At the first stage, there was a sampling of types of transportation: road, railroad, water transportation and mass rapid transit. In the framework of the second stage the legislation regulating medical examinations of workers employed in these types of transport was analyzed using systemic, formal-legal and comparative-legal methods.The results of the study show that to date the legal regulation of the procedure of medical examinations using telemedicine technologies is being formed in some types of transportation. At the same time, the methods of medical examinations, indicators and psycho-traumatic factors have not been adjusted to the examination with digital technologies.Conclusions. There is a need for a differentiated approach to the legal regulation of medical examination of workers engaged in the transportation, depending on the type of transport. The authors draw attention to the outdated legal regulation of certain issues. For example, the list of professions of the ship staff of marine and inland water transport, the instruction on compulsory and periodic medical examinations was approved in 1989, and was canceled over 10 years ago.In connection with the growing interest in the development of high-speed railroad transportation, we believe that the regulations governing medical examinations of workers engaged in the transportation should be revised due to the need to include special norms establishing special studies or additional procedures required for admission to work in high-speed transportation.In addition, the authors suggest that employers should be granted the right to send their employees engaged in the transportation, whose employment contract has been suspended on the basis of the military service selection under mobilization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, to take special medical examinations.

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Jung, Ki Hoon, Ho Keun Jung y Kwan Lee. "The Relationship between Senior Year Examinations at a Medical School and the Korean Medical Licensing Examination". Korean Journal of Medical Education 21, n.º 1 (31 de marzo de 2009): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3946/kjme.2009.21.1.17.

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Djuraev, J. A., A. Malikova, F. Kamolova, S. Dadakhonova, S. Kuddusova, S. Sodikova, Z. Khudoykulova et al. "FEATURES OF ENDOSCOPIC EXAMINATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES". Frontline Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Journal 02, n.º 11 (1 de noviembre de 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/medical-fmspj-02-11-01.

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Endoscopy of the nasal cavity is the most reliable method for examining the nasal cavity, the state of the paranasal sinuses and their natural fistulas and plays a leading role in the diagnosis, an objective assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment and the choice of the optimal surgical intervention. In this article, the authors present the results of endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Endoscopic examination revealed mainly edema of the nasal mucosa, hypertrophy of the turbinates (lower), hyperemia, mucous secretions of the nasal passages and polyposis changes.

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Jeong, Dushin. "What Is an Independent Medical Examination?" Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 41, n.º 3 (1 de agosto de 2023): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17340/jkna.2023.3.2.

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An independent medical examination (IME) is a medical evaluation performed by a medical professional on a patient who was not previously involved in the treatment of that patient, to evaluate the patient’s course of prior treatment and current condition. IMEs are conducted by doctors, psychologists, and other licensed healthcare professionals in essentially all medical disciplines, depending on the purpose of the exam and the claimed injuries. Such examinations are generally conducted in the context of a legal or administrative proceeding, at the request of the party opposing the patient’s request for benefits. Conducting an independent medical examination does not establish a typical doctor-patient relationship as exists when a clinician treats a patient. Thus, a “limited doctor-patient relationship” exists when conducting independent medical examinations.

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Kretov, A. S., A. Y. Bushmanov y Y. D. Udalov. "Actual issues of medical examinations of workers in organizations using sources of ionizing radiation". Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, n.º 9 (19 de marzo de 2020): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-663-664.

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Medical examinations for employees of organizations using sources of ionizing radiation, have a number of features, including the need for a «specialized» medical examination with mandatory psychophysiological examination.

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Livingston, Gill, Stuart Cox, Cornelius Katona y Mary Robertson. "Assessment of psychiatric teaching: examining examinations". Psychiatric Bulletin 22, n.º 12 (diciembre de 1998): 726–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.22.12.726.

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Aims and methodThe study set out to consider whether the ‘end-of-firm’ examination in psychiatry fulfils its goals by examining the internal consistency of the end-of-firm examination and final medical board examination and the correlation between these examinations' scores and sub-scores. Students who failed their end-of-firm examination were followed to monitor their progress at final medical board examinations.ResultsOne hundred and eighty students sat end-of-firm examinations and final medical board examinations. All the components of the end-of-firm examinations and the final correlated significantly with the total mark. The psychiatric essay was less well correlated with the final mark but correlated well with total essay marks. Students who failed their end-of-firm psychiatry examination at first attempt received extra tuition and only two failed finals.Clinical implicationsEssay writing ability may not carry over into high performance in other areas tested and may be a test of other skills. Extra tuition benefited failing students whose results fell outside the pattern of prediction. Thus the end-of-firm examination may be a useful tool if acted on to prevent student failure.

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Kil’diyarova, Rita R. "PREVENTIVE MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF HEALTHY CHILDREN". Current pediatrics 17, n.º 3 (16 de julio de 2018): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v17i3.1896.

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Preventive medical examinations of healthy children or mass prophylactic examinations of minors in the Russian Federation are governed by the orders of the Ministry of Health of Russia. The data on regulatory and organizational support for the prophylactic examination of healthy children is presented. The article provides a comparative analysis on the frequency of children examinations by a district pediatrician, consultations by specialty doctors as well as additional examinations in accordance with the orders of the Ministry of Health of Russia No.1346n and No.514n entered into force on January 1, 2018. The authors give comments on the proposals of MO Revnova et al. suggested in the article “Towards the Improvement of the System of Mass Prophylactic Examinations of the Child Population”.

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Rumack, Carol Masters. "American Diagnostic Radiology Residency and Fellowship Programmes". Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 40, n.º 3 (15 de marzo de 2011): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v40n3p126.

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American Diagnostic Radiology Residency and Fellowship programmes are Graduate Medical Education programmes in the United States (US) equivalent to the Postgraduate Medical Education programmes in Singapore. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) accredited diagnostic radiology residency programmes require 5 years total with Post Graduate Year (PGY) 1 year internship in a clinical specialty, e.g. Internal Medicine following medical school. PGY Years 2 to 5 are the core years which must include Radiology Physics, Radiation Biology and rotations in 9 required subspecialty rotations: Abdominal, Breast, Cardiothoracic, Musculoskeletal, Neuroradiology, Nuclear and Paediatric Radiology, Obstetric & Vascular Ultrasound and Vascular Interventional Radiology. A core curriculum of lectures must be organised by the required 9 core subspecialty faculty. All residents (PGY 2 to 4) take a yearly American College of Radiology Diagnostic In-Training Examination based on national benchmarks of medical knowledge in each subspecialty. Because the American Board of Radiology (ABR) examinations are changing, until 2012, residents have to take 3 ABR examinations: (i) ABR physics examination in the PGY 2 to 3 years, (ii) a written examination at the start of the PGY 5 year and (iii) an oral exam at the end of the PGY 5 year. Beginning in 2013, there will be only 2 examinations: (i) the physics and written examinations after PGY 4 will become a combined core radiology examination. Beginning in 2015, the fi nal certifying examination will be given 15 months after the completion of residency. After residency, ACGME fellowships in PGY 6 are all one-year optional programmes which focus on only one subspecialty discipline. There are 4 ACGME accredited fellowships which have a Board Certifi cation Examination: Neuroradiology, Nuclear, Paediatric and Vascular Interventional Radiology. Some ACGME fellowships do not have a certifying examination: Abdominal, Endovascular Surgical Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology. One year unaccredited fellowships can also be taken in Breast, Cardiothoracic or Women’s Imaging. Key words: Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Programmes, American Board of Radiology (ABR) Examinations, Graduate Medical Education

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Roos, Jonas, Adnan Kasapovic, Tom Jansen y Robert Kaczmarczyk. "Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education: Comparative Analysis of ChatGPT, Bing, and Medical Students in Germany". JMIR Medical Education 9 (4 de septiembre de 2023): e46482. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/46482.

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Background Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in diverse domains, including medicine. Nonetheless, there is a scarcity of studies examining their performance in medical examinations, especially those conducted in languages other than English, and in direct comparison with medical students. Analyzing the performance of LLMs in state medical examinations can provide insights into their capabilities and limitations and evaluate their potential role in medical education and examination preparation. Objective This study aimed to assess and compare the performance of 3 LLMs, GPT-4, Bing, and GPT-3.5-Turbo, in the German Medical State Examinations of 2022 and to evaluate their performance relative to that of medical students. Methods The LLMs were assessed on a total of 630 questions from the spring and fall German Medical State Examinations of 2022. The performance was evaluated with and without media-related questions. Statistical analyses included 1-way ANOVA and independent samples t tests for pairwise comparisons. The relative strength of the LLMs in comparison with that of the students was also evaluated. Results GPT-4 achieved the highest overall performance, correctly answering 88.1% of questions, closely followed by Bing (86.0%) and GPT-3.5-Turbo (65.7%). The students had an average correct answer rate of 74.6%. Both GPT-4 and Bing significantly outperformed the students in both examinations. When media questions were excluded, Bing achieved the highest performance of 90.7%, closely followed by GPT-4 (90.4%), while GPT-3.5-Turbo lagged (68.2%). There was a significant decline in the performance of GPT-4 and Bing in the fall 2022 examination, which was attributed to a higher proportion of media-related questions and a potential increase in question difficulty. Conclusions LLMs, particularly GPT-4 and Bing, demonstrate potential as valuable tools in medical education and for pretesting examination questions. Their high performance, even relative to that of medical students, indicates promising avenues for further development and integration into the educational and clinical landscape.

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Gutor, Ekaterina M., Elena A. Zhidkova y Konstantin G. Gurevich. "Some features of pre-trip medical examination". City Healthcare 2, n.º 3 (21 de octubre de 2021): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.47619/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2021.v2i3;66-70.

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Pre-trip examinations of drivers are the basis of medical management system road safety. Pre-trip examinations should be optimized so as not to miss significant changes in the health status of workers and/or predict such changes. Authors propose to use a pulsogram to analyze parameters of heart rate variability during pre-trip examination of train crews.

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Klepalova, Yu I., O. V. Shcherbakova y K. S. Balitsky. "Medical Examinations of Employees Involved in Traffic and Transportation". World of Transport and Transportation 21, n.º 2 (8 de noviembre de 2023): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2023-21-2-12.

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The article is devoted to the study of the legal regulation of medical examinations of transport employees and identification of problems of differentiation of the legal regulation of relations in this area.The subject of the study refers to the legal norms that establish the list of persons subject to mandatory medical examination, the factors to be assessed during the conduct of a medical examination, as well as the procedure for conducting medical examinations.The objective of the study is to formulate the problems of legal regulation of medical examinations of employees involved in traffic and transportation, as well as to identify the need and real possibility of differentiating the legal regulation of medical examinations for various modes of transport, comprising road, railway, water and off-street transport.Empirical research consists of several stages. At the first stage, a selection of modes of transport was carried out that included road, railway, water, and off-street transport. Within the framework of the second stage, using systematic, formal legal and comparative legal methods, the legislation regulating the medical examinations of employees employed in these modes of transport was analysed.The results of the study show that today there is no legal act regulating the list of professions and positions and the procedure for passing a pre-trip (pre-shift) medical examination both for the entire crew of sea and river ship, and for employees whose labour function is directly related to vehicle movement; many normative acts come into conflict with each other and are partly outdated. In addition, as a result of the study, the authors established a digital transformation trend common to the legal regulation of most modes of transport: employers at the local level are trying to introduce automated systems for medical examinations to save financial and time resources. However, at the legislative level, such novels are permissible only in relation to aviation personnel. At the same time, the methods of conducting medical examinations, the established indicators and traumatic factors are not reoriented to conduct an examination through the use of digital technologies. The study concludes that there is a need for a differentiated approach to the legal regulation of the medical examination of employees involved in movement of transport vehicles, depending on the mode of transport.

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Sokol, Viacheslav K., Kostyantin M. Sokol y Vira A. Kolesnichenko. "FEATURES OF MECHANICAL INJURIES OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES ACCORDING TO A FORENSIC MEDICAL EXAMINATION: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS". Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, n.º 6 (2020): 1189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202006121.

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The aim: To study the structure of lower extremities’ mechanical injuries and the reasons for an additional (commission) forensic medical examination appointment, according to a retrospective analysis. Materials and methods: research protocols were116 reports of additional (commission) forensic medical examinations of victims with mechanical trauma to lower extremities; research methods – retrospective analysis, statistical method. Reports of forensic medical commission examination were selected by random sampling, for the period February – June 2018. Results: As a result of a retrospective analysis of commission (additional) forensic medical examination, the prevalence of road traffic injuries (109; 94.0% cases) in mechanical injuries of the lower extremities was established. Domestic (5; 4.2%), work (1; 0.9%) and sports (1; 0.9%) injuries were also indicated It was found that to establish the degree of permanent disability loss according to the outcome of fractures of the femur and shin bones, commission examinations were appointed in 24.1% of cases. The main reason for the commission examinations appointment was to establish the bodily injuries presence (6.9%), as well as to establish the bodily injuries presence and their severity (62.9%) in cases of road traffic injury (lethal and non-lethal). Conclusions: The use of commission forensic medical examination is mainly related to the criminal law criteria of the preliminary investigation stage. The reason for conducting commission examinations on medical criteria is to establish the outcome of a fracture of the lower limb.

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Pletenetska, Alina y Arina Legedza. "ANALYSIS OF DEFECTS RENDERING MEDICAL CARE ACCORDING TO THE DATA OF COMMISSION FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS IN SI “THE MAIN BUREAU OF FORENSIC EXAMINATION OF MINISTRY OF THE HEALTH OF UKRAINE” FOR 2012-2014 YY." Forensic-medical examination, n.º 2 (20 de noviembre de 2015): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.2.2015.11.

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One of the main tasks of forensic examination in such cases is to establish a causal connection between the actions (inaction) of medical personnel and the onset of adverse consequences. And even despite the fact that each case is unique in medicine, the right approach to the examination gives posibility to find such connections, if they are present. The aim of the study was to identify errors in the provision of medical care by analyzing the commission forensic medical examinations performed in the SI “The Main Bureau of Forensic Examination of Ministry of the Health of Ukraine” and comparison of forensic examinations of these errors in SI and various regional forensic bureau examination Ukraine.

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Haque, M., R. Yousuf, SM Abu Baker y A. Salam. "Assessment in Undergraduate Medical Education: Bangladesh Perspectives". Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 12, n.º 4 (26 de octubre de 2013): 357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i4.16658.

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Background: Medical education in Bangladesh is totally controlled by the Government and run a unique undergraduate curriculum throughout the country in both public and private sectors. This paper is aimed to briefly describe the medical education reform in Bangladesh and suggests further assessment changes. The present official form of undergraduate medical curriculum has first evolved in 1988 followed by revision in 2002 and 2012. Assessment and teaching are the two sides of the same coin. Assessment drives learning and learning drives practices. Following the curriculum reform since 2002, the assessment in undergraduate medical education has been greatly changed. There are a lot of in-course formative assessments which include item examination, card final and term final, designed to improve the quality of education. Ten percent marks of summative written examinations derive from formative assessment. Traditional oral examination has been changed to structured form to ensure greater reliability. Even then, teachers are not yet building up to conduct oral examination in such a structured way. Examiners differ in their personality, style and level of experience with variation of questioning and scoring from student to students. Weakness of reliability on oral examination still exists. Students also feel very stressful during the oral examinations. Moreover, to conduct such oral examination, three to four months times per year are lost by the faculties which can be efficiently utilised for teaching and research purposes. Worlds' leading medical schools now-a-days used oral examination only for borderline and distinction students. Bangladesh also must consider oral examination only for borderline and distinction students. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i4.16658 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 04 October 13 Page 357-363

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MARSHALL, T. "Influences on the examination performance of medical students: the pressure of other examinations". Medical Education 21, n.º 5 (septiembre de 1987): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.1987.tb00384.x.

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Deesaen, Nisakorn, Kongpop Sutantikorn, Punyanuch Phonngoenchai, Sakchai Chaiyamahapruk y Patcharada Amatyakul. "Patients’ attitude and factors influencing the acceptance of medical students’ participation in pelvic examination". Asia Pacific Scholar 7, n.º 1 (4 de enero de 2022): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29060/taps.2022-7-1/oa2519.

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Introduction: Pelvic examination of patients in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology (Ob-Gyn) is an important skill for medical students. Because it involves a physical assessment of the patients' genitalia, patients may refuse medical students to participate in the examination, affecting the medical students' clinical skills. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Naresuan University Hospital to determine the factors that influence the acceptance of medical student participation in the pelvic examinations. A total of 198 out-patients from the Ob-Gyn department were included. A Likert scale questionnaire was designed which featured topics on patients’ attitudes and circumstances related to medical student involvement in gynaecological procedures. Results: The majority of outpatients (71.7%) accepted the participation of medical students in pelvic examinations. Patients with prior experiences in physical and pelvic examination by medical students had a significant impact on the patients' acceptance (P-value<0.001). The patients’ impressions had an influence on the decision to accept students in pelvic exam participation. Approximately 40% of patients were concerned about the breach of confidentiality. However, most patients strongly agreed that allowing medical students to perform pelvic examination would benefit their medical education. Conclusion: Most of the participants permitted medical students to participate in pelvic examinations and preferred that the medical instructor be the one to request permission. The patients’ impressions of medical students were crucial factors that significantly influence their decision whether to allow or deny them to participate in the procedure. Disclosure of confidentiality was found to be matters of concern to most patients.

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Naumov, Petr Y., Ivan V. Kholikov y Sergey K. Soldatov. "CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT OF «MILITARY MEDICAL EXAMINATION» IN AN INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTEXT". Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture 16, n.º 1 (29 de febrero de 2024): 441–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2658-6649-2024-16-1-1071.

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Background. The legislation of Russia has established, and in expert and medical activities, various types of medical examinations are carried out, including military medical examinations carried out in relation to military personnel, employees of various bodies, persons dismissed from service, as well as family members of military personnel (employees) and other individual categories of citizens. At the same time, taking into account changes in the legislation regulating the procedure for conducting military medical examination, it is relevant to specify and conceptualize the actual concept of military medical examination. Purpose. The work is aimed at identifying, analyzing and generalizing the essential features of the definition of the concept of «military medical examination» in an interdisciplinary context (medicine, law, formal logic). Materials and methods. To consider issues related to the identification of essential features, formulation and justification of the concept of military medical examination, the authors of the study used a complex of modern epistemological methods of cognition of objective reality, which include a systems approach and functional analysis, deductive reasoning and the derivation of inductive premises, theoretical argumentation and literary and scientific illustration, methodological comparison and empirical selection of relevant data. The complexity of the application of these epistemological means is ensured through the functions of the methods and approaches used (informational, methodological, orientation, support-target). The use of these methods and means made it possible to conceptualize the concept of «military medical examination» for its integration into the structure of modern scientific knowledge. Results and conclusions. The article effectively summarizes the essential features of the concept of «military medical examination» as one of the types of medical examinations, and describes its substantive, structural and functional components. The scope and content of the concept of «military medical examination» are given, and the significance of the conceptualization of this term for science and practice is indicated. Promising ways for further research are identified and current topics for further knowledge are presented.

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Yagmurov, O. D., V. D. Isakov, O. O. Yakovenko, D. G. Gonchar y A. D. Samsonova. "Detection of kidney damage in living persons and their forensic assessment". Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg) 27, n.º 3 (12 de septiembre de 2023): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36485/1561-6274-2023-27-3-92-96.

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The structure of the pathology of the kidneys of a traumatic nature was studied, revealed in the injured living persons sent by the investigation and the court for forensic medical examination. The studied material was data on 49 cases of traumatic kidney injuries among 4,200 forensic medical examinations performed in 2021 in the department of examination of victims, accused and other persons of the St. Petersburg Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination. It was found that kidney injury is a rare (1.2 %) pathology in the forensic medical examination of living persons. Such injuries, as a rule, are formed with a massive combined injury to the body (car, falling from a height). In cases of local injuries of the abdomen, lower back or pelvis (even with fractures of the pelvic bones), kidney damage is extremely rare. The diagnosis of "kidney injury" made in the clinic is not objectively confirmed in all cases of forensic medical examinations. This is due to the lack of a full description in medical documents of objective diagnostic signs of renal pathology.

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Pletenetska, A. O., I. S. Demchenko y N. M. Ergard. "Evaluation of the quality of medical care in cases of death from acute blood loss (according to data of forensic-medical examinations)". Medicni perspektivi (Medical perspectives) 26, n.º 2 (18 de junio de 2021): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2021.2.234730.

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The peculiarities and specificity of the medical field complicate not only the assessment of quality and timeliness of medical care, but also the correctness of the choice of the method of treatment and diagnosis of the disease. The number of forensic medical examinations in «medical cases» has the tendency to increase, and experts in this case face difficulties with forensic medical assessment of medical care provision. Forensic medical analysis of the medical care provision to patients who died of acute blood loss, based on examinations of different forensic medical bureaus of Ukraine has been analyzed. The aforementioned examinations related to the corpses of people who died as a result of acute blood loss, including shock (150 from the total number of 6129 medical examinations were selected). This cause of a death was chosen as one of the leading causes of death in trauma (including a combination with shock). When evaluating gross medical care defects that were found during the examinations that influenced the result, 40.0% (60) – in the form of improper provision (action) were noted in 10 cases (the case of incorrect diagnosis made by the doctors due to underestimation of examination data), defects in the form of non-provision of medical care (inactivity) – in 83.3% (15 cases). In the statistical analysis of defects in the provision of medical care, the majority of cases were connected with delayed provision of medical care – 41,7%. Defects in cases of blood loss were under the following conditions: a) lack of instrumental research, medical treatment and surgery, b) lack of medical treatment and surgery by indications (each of 3,3%). When considering the reasons that led to defects in cases of blood loss, the isolated underestimation of the examination data was in 16,7% (25), a combination of reasons: a) underestimation of the examination data together with the underestimation of additional research data – 16,7% (25); b) underestimation of the examination data together with the negligent attitude to the patient who had a sloppy appearance – 6,7%. The unprofessional nature of the medical staff was in 16,7% of acute blood loss. When providing medical care in cases of death from acute blood loss, defects in the provision of medical care are made by experienced medical professionals in city hospitals (especially large cities of Ukraine), where there are adequate conditions for the provision of medical care, more qualified specialists of different profiles, and there are protocols for providing medical care in acute blood loss.

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Pletenetska, A. O. "FORENSIC MEDICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE PROVISION OF MEDICAL CARE IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY". Medical Science of Ukraine (MSU) 16, n.º 2 (30 de junio de 2020): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.2.2020.7.

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Relevance. Sometimes statistics on medical errors are hushed up, and information about individual incidents becomes known thanks to the media. Objective: to identify the most common obstetric-gynecological profile defects and their causes by analyzing the data of the State Statistics Service on maternal and infant mortality during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period and compare it with the forensic analysis of obstetric-gynecological profile medical care. Materials and methods. 625 cases were analyzed according to the State Statistics Service on maternal and infant mortality during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period, court sentences in criminal cases under Articles 139 and 140 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, according to the Unified State Register of Court Decisions of Ukraine since 2009 in 2019, as well as data from forensic medical examination commissions on “medicinal matters” for 2013-2019 performed by the State Institution “Main Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”, including cases of previous departmental audits by the commissions of the Health Administration. The data obtained were subjected to statistical processing by standard methods of descriptive statistics. Results. In these 255 examinations, defects in the provision of medical care were found by expert commissions in 186 cases, which amounted to 72.9%. Moreover, of these "defective cases", 62.9% (117 cases) were in a direct causal relationship with an unfavorable outcome; 35.5% (6 cases) - in some deficiencies that did not have a causal relationship with the onset of fetal death. In 3 cases of examinations in gynecology, there were contradictions in the entries in the medical documentation, they did not allow assessing the quality of medical care and the relationship with the consequences. At the pre-hospital stage (in the clinic), defects were allowed in 65.5%, and at the hospital - in 72.8%. In the presence of departmental inspections in 23%, there was a complete coincidence of the results of the conclusions of the commissions of the bureau of forensic medical examination and medical examination, and only in cases of significant defects in direct causal connection with the consequences. At the same time, when analyzing 53 court sentences according to the register of court decisions, it turned out that 13 of them related to the obstetric and gynecological profile, and 12 of them were indictment. In all cases, the source of evidence in cases was exclusively the “Expert Conclusions”. Conclusions. It was found that forensic medical examinations for the provision of obstetric and gynecological medical care occupy a leading place in the overall structure of commission examinations in “medical matters”, in the vast majority of examinations, defects in the provision of medical care were found that were in direct causal connection with an unfavorable outcome.

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Yoo, Junghun, Sanghun Lee, Soyoung Kim, Daehyeok Kim y Jeong Hwan Park. "A pilot study of Korean Medical Examination". Journal of Korean Medicine 42, n.º 4 (1 de diciembre de 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.13048/jkm.21034.

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Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the Korean medical examination protocol, which included 14 questionnaires and 20 medical examination devices.Methods: We conducted a pilot observational study of 90 subjects to measure the time required to fulfill each item of the Korean medical examination, to evaluate patient satisfaction, and to report improvements that can be made to the Korean medical examination protocol based on clinical coordinator and subject feedback.Results: Among the 90 subjects included in the study (59 women and 31 men; mean [standard deviation] age, 37.2 [12.3] years), over 80% intended to receive a Korean medical examination if hospitals provided it and would recommend a Korean medical examination to others. The average time spent on the overall Korean medical examination was approximately 88.0 (21.4) minutes. Three areas for improvements were reported: survey issues, including the number of items, understanding, and readability; error issues in device measurements; and environmental issues affecting the sequence of medical examinations and temperature.Conclusions: Most subjects were satisfied with the Korean medical examination. Future studies should be conducted with larger samples to collect data continuously.

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Korotkevych, Leonid, Vitalii Zozulia y Anatolii Skubenko. "The analysis of single- and multi-discipline expert panel evidence in death investigations provided by Zhytomyr regional bureau of forensic medical examination from 2010 till 2014". Forensic-medical examination, n.º 1 (13 de abril de 2016): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.1.2016.5.

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The article carries out a comprehensive review of single- and multi-discipline expert panel evidence in death investigations provided by Zhytomyr regional bureau of forensic medical examination over the last 5 years (from 2010 till 2014). The research establishes the statistical ratio of examinations of violent incidents with infliction of injuries involving death, traffic accidents, proceedings against medical practitioners for alleged medical negligence with the death of a patient under treatment, to the total number of single- and multi-discipline forensic medical examinations. It also provides the analysis and evaluation of medicolegal findings, establishes the motives for a judicial investigative authority to assign a forensic medical examination, as well as outlines the most common issues of forensic medical evidence assessment and application.

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Baranov, Alexander A., Leila S. Namazova-Baranova, Rimma N. Terletskaya, Elena V. Antonova, Natalya V. Ustinova, Elena N. Baibarina y Olga V. Chumakova. "Results of routine medical examinations of the children’s population of the russian federation in 2014". Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 8, n.º 1 (15 de marzo de 2017): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped8133-39.

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The relevance of this research was determined by the need for enhancement and increase in the efficiency of routine medical examinations of minors in the Russian Federation. The information and statistical materials of medical examination of the children’s population in 2014 in terms of the health of various age groups in a section of federal districts and subjects were studied. The following indicators were studied: coverage of the children’s population by routine medical examination; level and structure of the revealed general and primary morbidity; frequency of dispensary registration; need for additional consultations; and researches and treatment in an outpatient clinic, a day hospital, a hospital with round-the-clock services, and sanatorium organizations as well as coverage by these medical services. A high level of coverage of minors by routine medical examinations was registered. More than one-third of the healthy children’s population passed the medical examination. The revealed general and primary morbidity of the children’s population in more than one-third of subjects is above mean Russian levels. Diseases of the respiratory organs, bone, and muscular and nervous systems are the most common among children, whereas diseases of the bone and muscular system, eyes, and respiratory organs are common among teenagers. Despite the high prevalence of chronic diseases among the children’s population, recommendations for treatment and rehabilitation were given insufficiently during routine medical examinations. Regional characteristics of the medical examination results, which allowed for the identification of the most disadvantaged areas and defects in its organization and the lack of continuity between medical institutions providing this type of service, have been established.

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Sergeeva, O. V. y Y. V. Zinenko. "SOME ASPECTS OF FORENSIC MEDICAL EXAMINATION IN CASES OF IMPROPER PERFORMANCE OF PROFESSIONAL DUTIES BY MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS". Juridical Journal of Samara University 6, n.º 4 (27 de diciembre de 2020): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-047x-2020-6-4-120-125.

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In the article, the authors address the problem of improper provision of medical care by medical professionals. The authors highlight the issues of conducting forensic medical examination in cases where medical care is provided improperly. The concept and an approximate list of objects to be considered by the expert commission in cases of improper medical care is given. The stages of conducting a forensic medical examination for this type of crime are described. The article highlights the most important points in the appointment of such examinations.

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Varsan, E. "Forensic assessment of an emergency situation with a large number of victims as a special object of medico-legal examination". Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 24, n.º 3 (12 de octubre de 2020): 502–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2020-24(3)-21.

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Annotation. The article attempts to highlight up those problems, that arise during forensic medical examinations in cases of incidents that are accompanied by a large number of victims. The materials of the archives of the Odessa Regional Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination were subject to analysis, which contained the results of forensic medical examinations of corpses of persons killed in fires (34 cases), results of site inspections, regulations governing the forensic service. As a result of the study, a purely specific method of forensic examination in these cases was proposed – a comprehensive comparative assessment of injuries in a large number of victims and an attempt was made to substantiate the opinion that such a group of victims is an independent object of forensic examination.

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Kim, Woo-Jeong. "The principle, practice and future of CPX in Medical Education". Journal of Medicine and Life Science 6, S1 (1 de diciembre de 2009): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22730/jmls.2009.6.s1.16.

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CPX(Clinical performance examination) is an examination for comprehensive evaluation of clinical performance in medical education, and has been used worldwide since Harden introduced OSCE(objective structured clinical examination) in 1975. To perform CPX, SP(standardized patient) is essential, who is a simulated and well-trained person for education and evaluation of medical student. In Korea. CPX is scheduled to be introduced into national examination in this year, so most medical school are paying close attention to CPX now Although evaluation results of SP have some debates for validity and reliability, CPX will be introduced to other medical examinations.

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Bakirov, R. S., A. Kh Yarullin y R. A. Zaripov. "Optimization of the diagnosis process in large medical". Kazan medical journal 82, n.º 5 (15 de octubre de 2001): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj84041.

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The diagnosis process scheme in the diagnosis centres of large multi profile hospitals introducing the unit of the physician-diagnostician and the computer system is suggested. The examination and treatment of 1890 patients by this scheme made it possible to reduce the terms of total examination up to determining the clinical diagnosis from seven-nine days to one-two days, and the number of prescribed and performed instrumental examinations made it possible to reduce the terms of total examination up to determining the clinical diagnosis from 11 15 days to four-five days per one patient.

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Mhaideb, IbrahimMhedb, AhmedMohsen Almtowm, OsamaSaleh Alnafisah, OsamaMansour AlAteeq y AbdullahHasan Alharmlay. "PERIODIC MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS." International Journal of Advanced Research 4, n.º 10 (31 de octubre de 2016): 2051–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/2020.

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Hay, Ken. "Routine medical examinations". Medical Journal of Australia 143, n.º 12-13 (diciembre de 1985): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb119992.x.

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Olsen, Johnn, David A. Ferguson y N. W. Ormonde. "Routine medical examinations". Medical Journal of Australia 144, n.º 7 (marzo de 1986): 390–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1986.tb115948.x.

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Ekroos, Rachell A. y Sarah E. Shannon. "Forensic Medical Examinations". Journal of Forensic Nursing 15, n.º 2 (2019): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jfn.0000000000000234.

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Barry, P. W. "Postgraduate medical examinations". BMJ 303, n.º 6796 (27 de julio de 1991): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.303.6796.246-b.

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Tyrer, S. P., W. C. Leung, J. Smalls y C. Katona. "The relationship between medical school of training, age, gender and success in the MRCPsych examinations". Psychiatric Bulletin 26, n.º 7 (julio de 2002): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.26.7.257.

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Aims and MethodFactors leading to success in the MRCPsych Part I and Part II examinations, including age, gender and original medical school of training, were examined in the 1999 MRCPsych examination entrants to determine how far they are associated with the results. The ethnic breakdown of examiners of the MRCPsych examinations was also determined and compared with the origin of all consultant psychiatrists.ResultsYounger age at taking the examination and training at a British or Irish medical school were found to be highly significant predictors of success in the MRCPsych examinations. When allowance was made for confounding variables, the gender of candidates did not contribute to success. There was no difference in ethnic background of examiners compared with consultant psychiatrists overall.Clinical ImplicationsFactors affecting trainees wishing to undertake a psychiatric career need to be more closely examined. To ensure fairness and transparency in future examinations the ethnicity of candidates taking the examination needs to be addressed.

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Harrison, PC, PI Park y CW Gibley. "Assessment of practice readiness through PMLexis". Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 83, n.º 6 (1 de junio de 1993): 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-83-6-345.

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Attempts are being made to unify state licensing examinations through the efforts of the National Board of Podiatric Medical Examiners and LGR Examinations of State College, PA. This company has revised the Virginia examination and increased its validity and reliability. A history and a description of the examination are given.

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Vozniuk, Andrii y Mariia Hryha. "Topical issues of forensic medical examination in the investigation of war crimes". Naukovij vìsnik Nacìonalʹnoï akademìï vnutrìšnìh sprav 28, n.º 2 (17 de mayo de 2023): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.56215/naia-herald/2.2023.09.

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The relevance of the study is conditioned by the importance of expert investigations into war crimes committed on the territory of Ukraine. Since many of these crimes result in the death or injury of victims, forensic examinations play a key role in investigations under the Criminal Procedure Code. The purpose of the study was to update the significance of the results of forensic medical examination in proceedings on war crimes, and to identify problematic aspects of the appointment of such an examination simultaneously with proposals for ways to overcome them. The methodological basis of the study was general scientific (dialectical, analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction) and special methods (system and structural, comparative legal, formal logical). It is established that modern capabilities of forensic medical examination contribute to achieving the goal of pre-trial investigation of military torts in limited conditions of forming a high-quality evidence base for such proceedings. However, the effective use of the potential of forensic medical examinations is hindered by a number of problems caused not only by the consequences of active military operations, but also by shortcomings in the legal regulation of this type of forensic examination, imperfect organisation of the structure and functioning of forensic medical institutions during the time of emergency. Possible ways to overcome the identified difficulties are proposed: reorganisation of the structure of forensic medical institutions, in particular, by establishing a department for forensic examination of corpses within a mobile military hospital with the involvement of specially trained forensic experts; simplification of the procedure for processing documents where the results of external examination of the corpse are recorded; updating the regulatory support for the activities of forensic doctors during martial law. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the conclusions obtained will help expand the understanding of pre-trial investigation officers of the possibilities of forensic medical examinations in the investigation of war crimes, and will also help identify the problems arising when appointing such examinations and suggest ways to solve them.

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DUNCAN, K. P. "Examining Examinations: Pre-employment Medical Examinations". Occupational Medicine 39, n.º 4 (1989): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/39.4.152.

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Baharuddin, Kamarul Aryffin, Ahmad Fuad Abdul Rahim, Faridah Abdul Aziz, Roslina Abdul Manap, Ahmad Marzuki Omar, Nariman Singmamae, Noor Fadzilah Zulkifli et al. "Recommendations for High-Stakes Examinations for Public Malaysian Medical Faculties during the COVID-19 Pandemic". Education in Medicine Journal 12, n.º 4 (30 de diciembre de 2020): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/eimj2020.12.4.4.

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The COVID-19 pandemic forced the Deans’ Council of Public Malaysian Medical Faculties to tackle the issue of examinations in the face of movement control orders (MCO). A task force decided that final professional examination is necessary and three recommendations have been proposed. Online examination is among the best option with strict adherence to the Malaysian Medical Council guidelines. The majority of the universities used a Moodle-based Learning Management System; the examination will therefore mainly cover cognitive outcomes focusing on final professional exit examinations. It felt that cheating, although a real issue, is manageable and came up with several recommendations for the implementation based on likely outcomes of the MCO.

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