Tesis sobre el tema "Médias – Libye"
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Elkawafi, Mohamed. "Libye : le pluralisme médiatique à l'épreuve de la dualité institutionnelle". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080091.
In the aftermath of the revolution of February 17, 2011, the Libyan media sector underwent a remarkable transformation. A new private media order has taken hold in the country, suggesting that the various means of audio-visual and written media have finally entered the world of free speech. However, since the onset of the political crisis in 2014, which resulted in the erosion of state institutions, including those in the media sector, media practice as well as media pluralism have suffered the full brunt of the consequences of this crisis. The Libyan media has shifted from state control to excessive influence by tribe, region and ideology.In contrast, during the crisis of institutional dualism, the media scene was marked by dozens of crimes and assaults against journalists, including murders, attempted murders, kidnappings, acts of torture, arrests and physical violence. The headquarters of many media have also been targeted by attacks by armed groups. In addition, journalists still face legal risks due to laws issued by rival governments in the country. Many journalists have been physically assaulted, arbitrarily arrested, harassed and kidnapped by government forces in the east and west of the country. Under these conditions, one could no longer speak of a favorable environment for media pluralism
Abdalla, Khaled. "Le potentiel de développement durable du tourisme de santé en Libye : son influence sur l'attraction des touristes européens : étude en géographie touristique". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCH010/document.
This study focuses on sustainable development potential in the health tourism industry in Libya. It attempts to explain the difference between medical tourism and health tourism, for which the country’s natural and human resources are a veritable wealth. Our research begins with the realisation that health tourism in Libya may contribute to the economic development of the country and participate in long-term sustainable development inasmuch as it has fewer negative effects on the environment and the population. Indeed, for the last 54 years the Libyan economy has been dependent on oil. For this reason and others, we believe that sustainable development in the health tourism field is one of the important alternatives available to diversify financial resources in the short and medium terms and for a progressive long-term replacement of petroleum resources as a source of it come for the country. The challenge in our research is found in three axes: ecological, economic and social. Our objective is to identify the country’s natural and human resources so as to sustainably develop health tourism in such a way that it is not only economically profitable, but that its ecological impact remains within tolerable limits. Development must take place with reciprocal respect between the tourist and the host society and not in contradiction with Libyan society. Our research is also aimed at lifting the veil from the obstacles which confront tourism in Libya today and to draw the attention of Libyan authorities to the country’s touristic resources and to the means necessary to exploit them. Finally, we hope to enrich the French language bibliographic corpus on this subject as few geographical studies are available in French pertaining to Libya in general, and pertaining to health tourism in Libya in particular. To examine this area of problems, we ask six questions : - Does Libya dispose of sufficient touristic resources? - Does the country have sufficient resources for health tourism? - What indicates that Europeans are looking for treatment via natural methods? - What do they hope to find in Libya? - To what extent would visitors from the European Union accept the conditions imposed by Libyan society? - Is the Libyan state sufficiently credible in its quest to develop tourism? The objective of our study is to identify the components of tourism and of health tourism in Libya. In order to meet this challenge, we propose a methodology that includes two approaches, deductive and inductive. The first allowed us to establish relationships between different variables and to use them in the study of certain observations. With the second approach, we generalised our findings and applied them to the five countries of our research sampling: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom, an approach that could be applied to the rest of the European Union. Now, at the end of this investigation, the preliminary results obtained so far are being finalised and appear to be satisfactory with respect to the initial area of study. Indeed, our research could be the first of its kind in Libya. The existence of a touristic potential based on natural resources and the importance of sustainable development in Libya constitute the primary elements of this research. The seriousness of Libya in its development of tourism is yet another parameter that could be just as promising
Landros-Fournalès, Elisabeth. "La libre disposition du corps humain en droit médical". Paris 13, 2009. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2009_landros.pdf.
The free disposal of one’s body, in medical law, is another legal concept under construction. It benefits from the contemporary promotion of the subjective rights of the patient by the law "Kouchner" of March 4th, 2002 and imposes itself on the medical community. In public law, the free disposal of one’s body is substantially connected to the right to respect for private life in its two essential components. At first, the person is protected against unauthorized breach of privacy (both offences against the physical integrity of persons or disclosure of corporeal information). Then, the person can decide freely on the use of one’s body in the medical relationship. If the various constituents of this freedom don’t benefit from an equal protection, their unity lie in the “informed consent” notion. This freedom is very singular because it’s not only limited in the general interest, but also integrates the specific constraints to institutions and actors of the health system which it needs to become a reality. Consequently, the free disposal of one’s body is an assisted freedom
Oliva, Anne-Marie. "Le principe de libre circulation en matière de communication audiovisuelle". Toulouse 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU10046.
Studying the audiovisual communication through the free movement principle prism presents a renewed interest in these times of its reinforced internationalization and of information highways. This analysis is based on the audiovisual communication specificity which implies that different logics are to be reconciled. On one side, the cultural logic leads to put the stress on the quality and the diversity of the programs contents. Concerning the audiovisual communication management, it was translated into a model based on a public service idea. It allows considering free movement principle, founded on the implementation of freedom of expression, applied to the circulation of informations. On the other side, the economical logic leads to give greater space to programs marketing. It characterizes the management model founded on market principles and private initiative. It is translated by the freedom of businesses and free trade primacy. The conciliation of these logics often conflicting is hard. Though the idea of respect of pluralism is essential, despite the existence of legal tools aim at preserving equilibrium between economical and cultural imperatives, the free movement principle legal translation concerning the pluralism of both operators and contents tends to reflect the ever more importance attached, in political choices, to economical logic
Makki, Rajaa. "Les obstacles à une libre circulation de l'information au liban". Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020100.
This thesis aims to uncover the barriers to the free circulation of information in Lebanon, a country long considered an island of freedom in relation to its surroundings. In this context, sectarianism is considered the greatest and most dangerous obstacle, not only to the free flow of information, but equally to the building of a country in the true sense of the term. In addition to sectarianism, the obstacles for the free circulation of information in Lebanon are numerous. These include legislative texts that place many restrictions on freedom of expression on the press and audiovisual media, a jurisprudence that does not advance the concept of freedom of expression, a strong censorship from the state, and the self censorship of the press in an environment of violence. The geopolitics of Lebanon does not help either. On the one side, it is bordered by Israel, a country at war with Lebanon or in the best cases, in a state of ceasefire. On the other side, it is bordered by Syria, a country that has always considered Lebanon as one of its territories. Added to this is a bloody history of a small country that shortly after independence from the French mandate, falls into a civil war that destroyed its institutions and called into question the legitimacy its existence. It also called into question the possibility of a true coexistence between its eighteen religious sects. This war may be triggered again even twenty years after the Taif Agreement that was supposed to bring peace to the country
Koroneou, Alexandra. "Jeunesse, media, identité culturelle dans la Grèce d'aujourd'hui : les pratiques culurelles du temps libre des jeunes grecs contemporains". Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H037.
Chávez, Mora Allison Gabriela. "Ocupación en el tiempo libre de los internos de Tecnología Médica durante el distanciamiento social obligatorio. Lima - 2020". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/17606.
Quinet, Julie. "Rôle du cervelet Médio-postérieur dans l'orientation saccadique du regard chez le singe en condition tête libre". Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10209.
The medio-posterior cerebellum (MPC) consisting of the oculomotor vermis (lobules VIc and VII) and the two caudal parts of the fastigial nuclei (cFN) is a major structure for making these gaze shifts accurate. These two cFN are the output by which the MPC influences the generation of saccades. In the head-restrained monkey, electrical microstimulation of the cFN elicits saccadic eye movements. Unilateral inactivation of the cFN by local injection of muscimol severely impairs the accuracy of visually triggered saccades. The goal of our work was to test whether the MPC modulates commands for orienting gaze (eye in space) or whether it exerts a more peripheral action on oculomotor and/or cephalomotor commands? This question was investigated in two head-unrestrained monkeys. Electrical microstimulation evokes gaze shifts that are ipsilateral or contralateral, depending on the stimulated site. These gaze shifts are essentially ensured by saccadic movements of the eyes. Pharmacological inactivation of the cFN impairs the accuracy of head unrestrained gaze shifts. Ipsilesional gaze shifts are hypermetric whereas contralesional ones are hypometric. For both movement directions, the changes in eye amplitude largely accounted for the gaze dysmetria. These results indicate that the cFN mainly modulates the oculomotor pathway during the generation of gaze shifts rather than influences a “mixed” pathway which controls both eye and head movements
François, Lyn. "La médiatisation du procès pénal". Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO0483.
Eljarba, Elhusian. "Réalité et avenir des villes historiques face au processus d'urbanisation moderne : étude de cas de Derna et des villes littorales". Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR1801/document.
Since the 60s, cities in Libya have known political, spatial and economic changes, especially after the discovery of oil, which has enabled a large urban modernization operation. Therefore, new urban structures have been developed relatively close to the old cities, thus threatening their fragile structures and functions. After a long period of degradation and of economic, socio-cultural change in most of Libyan old cities, the current situation is reflected in a dramatic urban break which characterizes Libyan cities, and, in a threat to the existence of all the ancient quarters. On the other hand, the concept of conservation and safeguarding of the medina’s heritage is relatively new in Libya. Indeed, it was not until the early 90s that the Libyan authorities began to take some concrete actions against the degraded situation of the ancient cities. In spite of these actions delayed and limited in time and space, the deteriorated situation of the old cities has continued as such. In this context, the subject of this research focuses on the question of the heritage of Libyan old cities and, in particular, of the old city of Derna, in an attempt to identify the general context of urban heritage of the old cities, to assess the real situation, and then to formulate the aspects and the conditions for the emergence of a balanced, appropriate and sustainable process of conservation
Donnadieu, Jean-Louis. "La relation auditeur-animateur radio par téléphone : un modèle d'interactivité ?" Bordeaux 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR30031.
The relation set between the radio listeners and the radio speaker by means of the telephone is apprehended through a contents analysis of the speeches of persons responsible for such broadcasts, and also with some observations made inside different studios (work done in france, between 1983 and 1986). The theoretical frame needs a restrictive definition of "interactivity" and then sums up the main works about telephone and radio. Then a comparison of different broadcasts (presented by "wide audience" radios and local ones) is made in order to determine if the size of the radio has any influence towards the "interactivity" of the relation which is set. The speeches recorded, the analysis and the observations had been made in an empirical way, and are sorted according to a typology of broadcasts : games, talk shows, services, confidences, informations. Main conclusion : the local-national cleavage is to be demythologized, the quality of the relation set depending far more on the broadcasting policy followed ; radio may be remarkably interactive
De, Jonckheere Julien. "Méthodologie orientée objet pour le traitement temps réel du signal : application au monitorage médical". Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-173.pdf.
Thomy, Vincent. "Etude de dispositifs radiométriques pour la mesure de température : application aux domaines industriel et médical". Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-165.pdf.
Cadorette, Marlène. "Le consentement libre et éclairé de la parturiente en droit québécois : l'accouchement comme contexte d'évitement du respect de l'autonomie". Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23768/23768_1.pdf.
Goffart, Laurent. "L'orientation saccadique du regard vers une cible : étude de la contribution du cervelet médio-postérieur chez le chat en condition "tête libre"". Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO1T070.
Durandeau, Véronique. "Sélénium et vitamine E : rôle biologique et médical dans la lutte contre la toxicité des radicaux libres". Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P201.
Prévot, Vincent. "Étude sur la modulation de la sécrétion de GnRH dans la zone externe de l'éminence médiane : implication d'une plasticité stéroïdo-dépendante et rôle du monoxyde d'azote". Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-141.pdf.
AGUILAR, OBREGON ERICK ALEJANDRO RAFAEL 495675 y OBREGON ERICK ALEJANDRO RAFAEL AGUILAR. "Principios del municipio libre en México: Estudio de caso en el municipio de Villa de Tamazulapam del Progreso, Oaxaca". Tesis de maestría, Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública A. C, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/67640.
Alenda, Stéphanie. "Sociologie de l'électorat du parti populiste bolivien Conciencia de patria". Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50377-2001-7.pdf.
Zelada, Flores Jaime Alejandro. "El INDECOPI y sus Implicancias en el Derecho a la Libertad de Empresa respecto de los Servicios Médicos de Salud, en el Marco de la Constitución Política del Perú". Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/16326.
Trabajo académico
Calvelo, Aros Daniel. "Apprentissage de modèles e la dynamique pour l'aide à la décision en monitorage clinique". Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-351.pdf.
Knauf, Claude. "Mise en évidence d'une libération spontanée, pulsatile et cyclique de monoxyde d'azote (NO) par l'éminence médiane au cours du cycle oestral : implication des capillaires du plexus porte hypothalamo-hypophysaire dans la libération de la GnRH". Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-277.pdf.
Ben, Slimane Karim. "Stratégies discursives de légitimation du changement institutionnel : le cas du déploiement de la télévision numérique terrestre en France". Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50374-2007-17.pdf.
Bourdet, Dany. "Les pratiques communicationnelles médiatisées des étudiants roumains à Iasi". Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2005/50377-2005-9.pdf.
Amado, López Angélica. "Les relations interculturelles et le média radio : études des radios locales implantées dans la région parisienne". Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030061.
In this research, we selected three radios from the network which diffuses FM in the Paris area in order to collect data, by mean of interviews and various documents, and by making an analysis of the content of the programs, more specifically those where exchanges between interlocutors take place. We chose two types of radio broadcasts available on the network: info-interactive and interactive. With these three processes of research, we wanted to confirm, firstly the existence of a cultural policy within the cultural communities of foreign origin radios, secondly the development of the intercultural relations among interlocutors of various cultural origins, thirdly the getting of a social and cultural knowledge and the evolution of the cultural representations on these communities in a dynamic of mediation
Zhao, Xin. "Development of an intelligent garment integrating physiological sensors and a decision making system : applied to the online human well-being monitoring". Thesis, Lille, 2020. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/EDSPI/2020/2020LILUI076.pdf.
Fetal movements are one significant indicator of fetal health status. Reduction or discontinuation in fetal movements perceived by the mother could be a sign that fetal development requires enhanced monitoring. In practice, maternal perception of reduced fetal movements helps to determine the optimal time for delivery especially for high-risk pregnancy. However, fetal movement counting by the mother suffers from imprecision and subjectivity due to each mother's personal habits, customs and activity-rest periods, which usually leads to unnecessary concern and anxiety to the mother. Ultrasound-based technology, on the other hand, can be used for accurate and reliable monitoring of fetal movements. However, concerns have been expressed in the literature about the exceeded exposure of ultrasound, which could have a negative effect. Besides, it requires an in-hospital setting which can sometimes be far from the living environment, immobilization of the mother, and trained personnel to manipulate the device. In this study, we present a new garment-based wearable system for online monitoring of fetal movements. The proposed system is mainly composed of: 1) a garment carefully designed for enhancing pregnant women's comfort and guaranteeing the quality of measured signals, 2) a network of sensors/a communicating embedded system integrated into the right positions of the garment and 3) a mobile application connected to the garment and linking to the cloud with healthcare professionals allowing the mother to transmit and visualize in return the key information related to her baby's health. This work highlights the development of an embedded decision-making algorithm for online and reliable counting of fetal movement based on the sensor data. The proposed system is connected to a remote medical expert system on the cloud computing platform with which clinicians can make advanced medical diagnosis. Different from the existing wearable systems, both the electronic/signal issues and textile/garment design have been fully taken into account in the proposed intelligent garment, and a balance between the embedded intelligence and that of the cloud has been considered to guarantee an overall improvement. The experimental results has proved that the proposed system can effectively and automatically perform fetal movement counting, and has potential applications in offering an innovative solution in the field of human health, benefiting pregnant women, alleviating the burden on health systems for applications to the monitoring of fetal development.. This research provides guidance for the application of remote health monitoring by using wearable systems in antenatal care
Werquin, Thomas. "Impact de l'infrastructure culturelle sur le développement économique local : élaboration d'une méthode ex-post et application à Lille2004 capitale européenne de la culture". Lille 1, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2006/50374-2006-Werquin.pdf.
Caballero, Quicaño Cesar Gerardo y Pastor Freddy Luis Enrique Urcia. "Factores que determinaron el incremento de las importaciones de los dispositivos médicos chinos de la categoría desechables en lima, perú, en el periodo de 2016-2019". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656058.
This research seeks to identify and analyze the factors that increased Chinese imports of medical devices, in the disposable category in the period, 2016-2019, which had a growth of 58% of the CIF value. In Peru, 98% of Medical Devices are imported which indicates a great need to supply the national market. Therefore, we will study categories such as: Import requirements and costs, Peru-China FTA and technological advance. The theoretical framework was established, the research methodology was detailed and a qualitative approach was used, to collect the information, surveys were conducted on the sample made up of 09 interviewees, who are importers of Chinese Medical Devices, after this the information will analyzed through the Atlas Ti program. Finally, the conclusions and recommendations of the research were presented where the general hypothesis was validated. In this way, the categories and sub categories were validated. and two new finds. In addition, it was recommended for future studies to carry out a quantitative investigation to have another perspective of the sector.
Tesis
Ripoche, Gabriel. "Sur les traces de Bugzilla : vers une analyse automatisée des interactions pour l'étude des pratiques collectives distribuées". Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112076.
The aim of this thesis is to establish some of the theoretical, methodological and practical foundations of a “computer-supported sociology” of distributed collective practices (DCP). The development of new information and communication technologies lead to the emergence of organization forms which main characteristics are their large-scale distribution (spatial and temporal, but also socio-cognitive) and the central use of mediated communication channels, which leave persistent “traces” of collective activity. Our work focuses on exploiting these traces, especially traces of natural language interaction, as a mean of studying the underlying activity of the collective, in order to better study “what is going on” in the collective. The large amounts of data available lead us to attempt to elaborate methods relying on automated analyses and capable of handling the linguistic content of these traces. Our approach consisted in 1) designing a model capable of representing distributed collective interaction and the relations between such interactions and the collective's activity, 2) evaluating the usefulness of such model for the study of DCP through an experimental phase, and 3) studying the feasibility of automating the data processing needed by the model through use of machine learning and language processing technologies. Our study focused on data collected in the Bugzilla open-source collective
Gvelesiani, Anna. ""Le combat pour une parole libre" : la sémantique de la liberté de la presse et la censure dans les débats français et allemands autour de Charlie Hebdo (2015-2017)". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/2020SORUL057.pdf.
Following the attacks on the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo on January 7th 2015 by two self-pro- claimed Islamist assassins, debates about freedom of press and censorship emerged in the French and German media. Linked to these debates were discussions on solidarity and social affiliation to a national and European level. Using linguistic discourse analysis, this work examines a corpus of texts from each of the five highest-circu- lation print media in France and Germany and contrastively explores the two terms in public debates from 2015 to 2017. The study begins with the premise that freedom of press is a foundation of Western European societies that stands in a long historical context. In Germany and France, the debates on freedom of press and censorship show dimensions of historical continuities and caesurae, especially since the Enlightenment pe- riod: in the course of the establishment of an enlightened canon of values, freedom of press became a central demand of progressive agents and censorship a characteristic of varied forms of oppression. This is an oppo- sition which - in a more differentiated form - has survived until today. The analysis reveals this dimension by integrating the debates into their historical semantics. The results show that in the debates, cognitive maps were constructed on the basis of this opposition and translated into political action. The terms freedom of press and censorship thus became a benchmark of European affiliation, the events in January 2015 served as a vehicle through which were constructed in- and outgroups
Hounkpati, Yram Jean-David. "Consentement aux soins médicaux, croyances et valeurs traditionnelles (enquête prospective à Lomé, Togo)". Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05N26S.
Compared to Western medical practice the african patient has pratically no rights. The weight of family influences and traditional values, including the incapacity of the patient to accept treatment by themselves, aswell as the heavy burden of madical treatment forces the patient to submit their final decision to the wishes of the tribe : to what extent should the togolese patient accept their tribe's decision of approval or disappval of treatment. The values based on the respect of so called modern perpectives. Laws do not change moral attitudes : by reacting diffrently would be a basic change in the Togolese health system of a developing country. Results : 80% of togolese "animists" initially consulted their gods to find out the nature of their illness before being treated via sacrifices, by traditional or modern madicine or by the gods. On some occasions patients were treated by "charlatans" who were discreetly introduced into the confines of the hospital, moreover at night. (Tables n*3). Discussion : information, "reliable, clear and appropriate" of the patient and of the treatment to be prescribed by the physician does not exist. To be adequately treated in Togo, a developing country
Brasil, Bruno Berrettini Camponês do. "Líbia: um estudo de caso da intervenção internacional de 2011 e de seus aspectos jurídicos e políticos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/101/101131/tde-08092017-154630/.
This research has two objectives: to analyse the 2011 international intervention in Libya through the lenses of both international law and international relations, and to discuss Libya\'s post-intervention political process. Regarding the first objective, the historic evolution of the use of force in international law until the development of the concept of Responsibility to Protect is discussed. Responsibility to Protect is the point into which the long tradition of just war, the development of international law (especially the rules of jus ad bellum and jus in bello), the growing responsibilities of the UN Security Council in the maintenance of world peace and security, and the changing nature of armed conflicts converge. Also, all the resolutions passed by the UN Security Council between February and October 2011 are examined in detail, especially Resolution 1973, which authorised the use of force to protect civilians in Libya, in order to verify if the actions of the states that took part in the intervention were consistent with the existing legal parameters. In this regard, the political context of the UN Security Council when Resolution 1973 was passed and during the intervention is taken into consideration. It is therefore concluded that the coalition of the willing violated Resolution 1973 and international law by promoting regime change, by sending weapons to the rebels, by training and coordinating with them, by bombing civilians, by rejecting the African Union peace overtures after Benghazi was secured, and by pursuing the military defeat of Gaddafi\'s forces. Moreover, the foreign policies of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council are analysed, including the strategies concerning the Middle East and North Africa, as well as those concerning Libya in 2011. Thus, the motives that led the United States, France, and Great Britain to push for intervention, as well as those that drove Russia and China to abstain, are explained. As for the second objective, the current political situation of Libya is analysed, especially the reasons for its post-intervention instability, as well as the causes of the intervening states\' lack of commitment to post-conflict reconstruction. Libya\'s political instability derives mostly from the proliferation of armed groups that are not placed under effective government control, from porous borders, from the growth of human and drug trafficking as well as smuggling routes, from the inexistence of strong state institutions since independence, from a hesitant national identity, and from a constant dichotomy between centre and periphery. Post-conflict reconstruction does not constitute a binding legal obligation. High financial and political costs of peace/stabilisation operations, like those in Afghanistan and Iraq, economic crisis, lack of popular support in the leading members of the coalition of the willing and among new Libyan leaders contributed to a low-key UN mission. Interventions to protect civilians are influenced by political calculations of minimising risks and maximising benefits (Rationality to Protect). Libya\'s instability has spread to its neighbours and new international interventions have taken place in the country, as the leaders of the 2011 intervening states have recognised their mistakes.
Ménoni, Véronique. "Lisibilité de l'information écrite destinée au patient pour un consentement éclairé à la recherche". Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05T008.
The first study evaluated the readability of 275 ICF's issued from 209 clinical research protocols, intended for adults. The second study evaluated the readability of 91 Information Documents (ID) from 86 pediatrics clinical research protocols, intended for) underage patients. Three criteria were used to evaluate readability: the length of the text, the presence of illustrations and the Flesch readability score. As internal controls, a set of texts (press articles, literary extract, everyday contracts. . . ) were also analyzed. Based on the three criteria, the readability of the ICF's and IP's analyzed was low. The texts were long, failed to illustrate, and complex. ! Readability of ICF's and IP's was lower than that of referential texts. Regardless of the field of research, the ICF's and IP's analyzed had poor readability. An effort needs to be supplied to make more readable ICF's and IP's, with the aim of promoting an informed!
Lorin, de Reure Anne. "Interactions libres entre enfant autiste et animal (poney et dauphin) : étude des processus en jeu dans une sensorimotricité partagée par une triple approche clinique éthologique et vidéo". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2099/document.
The doctoral thesis is the development of a research about the analysis of interactions among autistic children undergoing a “therapy with pony” and a “therapy with dolphin”. After a survey of the clinical and theorical aspects of autism, the specificity of the different fields of pony sensoriality, which provide this animal with sharp cenesthesic properties, are considered from an ethologic point of view. The specific aspects of the dolphin’s sensoriality are also considered. The modalities of the use of an animal in an « animal mediated therapy » are recalled, underlining the specificities of the relations between an autistic child and an animal. Here, the animal is considered as an « other subject », particularly in the field of therapy with pony.The research and therapy context is characterized by free interactions between ponies and autistic children, following and observing the spontaneous movements of ponies and autistic children. The evaluation of the autistic status of two children is achieved by means of the « CARS scale » and the « Haag scale », before and after therapy. The observations are made simultaneously from a clinical, ethological and videoscopic point of view. The observation data leads to the creation of a « Reference for a qualitative evaluation of autistic children evolutionary change with the aid of equine mediation therapy ».Counter-transferential data is analysed while debriefing after the therapy sessions, and during the observation of the sessions on video. The material situation can be described as a screen chair counter transfer, and provides a specific reflexivity to the observer. This kind of analysis of the data provides a very precise modelling of the way pony and child get in contact and interact. The actions of the autistic child can be considered as taming actions («addressing to», «seeming not so much», «changing one’s mind», «going there and back») or exploring actions of the interpersonal space between him and the pony (for example «by spitting» or by «going around»). The pony can also have a contact and interact with the child in some different ways: We try to categorize them as: «at random», «daring», «by attraction», “looking for proximity», «out of curiosity». The specificities of delphinotherapy are analysed too and show similar data.These various strategies of interactions between autistic children and pony can be considered as an exploration of the space in which a triangular relation between child, pony and therapist takes place. They can also be considered as an exploration of intentionality. These different approach strategies enable to see the transition from a shared and quieting sensori-motricity to a (re)discovered inter-subjectivity, within a feeling of “being safe”, allowing a space for game and easing the processes of parting and getting one’s individuality
Alquier, Isabelle. "Le statut du patient hospitalisé en établissement de santé privé". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32018/document.
The French healthcare system relies on a public-private dichotomy. This difference in legal status is reflected in the actual provision of healthcare, as patients have the right to choose their preferred type of hospitalization with private sector hospitalizations now becoming predominant in France. However, patients must be granted the same rights regardless of which type of hospital they have chosen, due to the fact that patients' rights are fundamental rights, and for some of them they are constitutionally guaranteed. The implications of the specific nature of private hospitals raise questions about a potential disparity in the application of patients' rights, which would result in a different status for patients entering private hospitals
Karayannis, Vassilios-Petros. "Liberté économique et défense de l'intérêt général: le problème de retransmission par câble des émissions télévisées dans l'Union européenne". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211205.
En ce qui concerne l’accès des émissions aux réseaux câblés, la thèse met en avant le besoin de sauvegarder un service public de l’audiovisuel. Celui-ci est défini comme un ensemble des règles qui visent à la fois le paysage audiovisuel propre à chaque Etat membre (par exemple pluralisme) et le contenu des émissions proprement dit (émissions informatives, éducatives, épanouissement culturel etc.). Le droit communautaire primaire et dérivé, tel qu’interprété par la Cour de justice, fournit les moyens de conciliation entre, d’une part les intérêts généraux et, d’autre part, les exigences découlant de la libre prestation de services et de la libre concurrence.
En ce qui concerne l’application des droits intellectuels, la thèse aborde la problématique liée à l’épuisement ou la subsistance de ceux-ci. Dans le cas de la câblodistribution, la Cour a affirmé la subsistance du droit. Cette position est corroboré par la nouvelle directive européenne sur le droit d’auteur et les droits voisins dans la société de l’information. La thèse appuie la position de subsistance en considérant qu’elle constitue une condition essentielle pour la juste récompense des auteurs.
Enfin, la thèse aborde les questions plus spécifiques qui naissent à propos de la convergence technologique et juridique. Tout d’abord, il est avancé que le service public de l’audiovisuel n’est pas uniquement lié à des contraintes techniques, mais essentiellement à des objectifs qualitatifs (contenu des émissions). Ainsi, la thèse plaide en faveur de la pérpetuité du service public de l’audiovisuel dans l’ère du numérique. Par ailleurs, des questions plus spécifiques (comme l’accès à la boucle locale, l’interconnexion des réseaux et la numérisation des infrastructures) ont été examinées.
Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Kmošena, Jakub. "Konflikt v Libyi na pozadí teórií médií a politiky". Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-304827.
Duval, Damien. "Régénération et réhabilitation urbaine des centres historiques arabo-musulmans : le cas de Tripoli (Libye)". Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4596/1/M12356.pdf.
Mercuri, Nora. "Actividades recreativo-educativas: cambios inducidos en un grupo de niños con diabetes tipo 1 y sus familiares". Tesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10915/5408.
Lopes, Catarina Isabel Fortunato Silva de Oliveira. "Controlo glicémico de pacientes com Diabetes tipo 1 em idade pediátrica com uso de FreeStyle Libre®". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/51750.
A diabetes tipo 1 é uma doença autoimune caracterizada por níveis baixos ou inexistentes de insulina endógena. É considerada a doença metabólica crónica mais frequente da infância. A HbA1c é utilizada como índice de glicemia média, preditor do risco de desenvolver complicações crónicas da diabetes e instrumento de monitorização/ ajuste da terapêutica. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se existia melhoria do controlo glicémico de pacientes com DM1 em idade pediátrica, com o uso do FreeStyle Libre, um dispositivo médico de monitorização contínua da glicose. Realizou-se um estudo observacional retrospetivo, com base em dados da Unidade de Endocrinologia Pediátrica do Hospital de Santa Maria. Analisaram-se dados de 64 pacientes, com uma idade média de 13,8 ± 3,5 anos: 29 do sexo masculino (45%) e 35 do sexo feminino (55%). Apresentaram um número médio de anos de doença de 7,6 ± 3,4 anos, com idade média de colocação do sistema de 10,8 ± 3,6 anos. Recolheram-se também dados referentes à presença/ ausência de comorbilidades e tipo de tratamento utilizado. Relativamente à totalidade da amostra, obtiveram-se as seguintes médias de HbA1c: 8,94 ± 1,58% antes da colocação do sistema; 8,64 ± 1,44% após 3 meses de utilização e 8,56 ± 1,22% após 6 meses. Verificou-se uma redução total média deste parâmetro de 0,40 ± 1,05% (p=0,004). Não se verificaram diferenças significativas na variação média deste parâmetro em nenhum dos subgrupos analisados (idade de colocação do dispositivo, presença de comorbilidades, tipo de tratamento e número de anos de doença). Verificou-se melhoria do controlo glicémico com o uso do Freestyle Libre na amostra em estudo, sendo este resultado transversal a todos os subgrupos, o que demonstra a importância da MCG na prática clínica, em particular através deste sistema “flash”, tendo em vista a prevenção de complicações da doença a curto e longo prazo.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease, characterized by low or non-existent levels of endogenous insulin. It is considered the most frequent chronic metabolic disease in childhood. HbA1c is used as mean blood glucose index that predicts the risk of developing chronic complications of diabetes, as well as a therapeutic monitoring/ adjusting tool. The objective of this study was to determine if there was better glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes in pediatric age when using FreeStyle Libre, a continuous glucose monitoring medical device. A retrospective observational study was carried out, based on data from the Pediatric Endocrinology Unit of Hospital de Santa Maria. Data from 64 patients were analysed, with a mean age of 13.8 ± 3.5 years, of which 29 were male (45%) and 35 female (55%). The average duration of disease was 7.6 ± 3.4 years, with an average age at the beginning of use of this system of 10.8 ± 3.6 years. Data were also collected regarding the presence/ absence of comorbidities and the type of treatment. Regarding the whole study sample, the following mean HbA1c were obtained: 8.94 ± 1.58% before the system use; 8.64 ± 1.44% after 3 months of use and 8.56 ± 1.22% after 6 months. The average reduction in this parameter was 0.40 ± 1.05% (p = 0.004). There was no significant difference in the mean variation of this parameter in any of the subgroups (age at the beginning of the system use, presence of comorbidities, type of treatment and number of years of disease). There was an improvement in glycemic control in this sample, achieved in all subgroups of patients, which demonstrates the importance of using continuous glucose monitoring in clinical practice, particularly this “flash” system, in view to prevent short- and long-term disease complications.
Polmanová, Magda. "Rámcování zpravodajské fotografie v českém tisku na příkladu občanské války v Libyi". Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-347988.