Bibliografías temáticas / Material science- optical properties

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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Material science- optical properties"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 25 de mayo de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Material science- optical properties"

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Tatullo, Marco, Barbara Zavan, Fabio Genovese, Bruna Codispoti, Irina Makeeva, Sandro Rengo, Leonzio Fortunato y Gianrico Spagnuolo. "Borophene Is a Promising 2D Allotropic Material for Biomedical Devices". Applied Sciences 9, n.º 17 (21 de agosto de 2019): 3446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9173446.

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Allotropic 2D materials are the new frontier of materials science, due to their unique strategic properties and application within several sciences. Allotropic 2D materials have shown tunable physical, chemical, biochemical, and optical characteristics, and among the allotropic materials, graphene has been widely investigated for its interesting properties, which are highly required in biomedical applications. Recently, the synthesis of thin 2D boron sheets, developed on Ag(111) substrates, was able to create a 2D triangular structure called borophene (BO). Borophene has consistently shown anisotropic behavior similar to graphene. In this topical review, we will describe the main properties and latest applications of borophene. This review will critically describe the most interesting uses of borophene as part of electronic and optical circuits. Moreover, we will report how borophene can be an innovative component of sensors within biomedical devices, and we will discuss its use in nanotechnologies and theranostic applications. The conclusions will provide insight into the latest frontiers of translational medicine involving this novel and strategic 2D allotropic material.
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Yang, Lusann, Joel A. Haber, Zan Armstrong, Samuel J. Yang, Kevin Kan, Lan Zhou, Matthias H. Richter et al. "Discovery of complex oxides via automated experiments and data science". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, n.º 37 (10 de septiembre de 2021): e2106042118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2106042118.

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The quest to identify materials with tailored properties is increasingly expanding into high-order composition spaces, with a corresponding combinatorial explosion in the number of candidate materials. A key challenge is to discover regions in composition space where materials have novel properties. Traditional predictive models for material properties are not accurate enough to guide the search. Herein, we use high-throughput measurements of optical properties to identify novel regions in three-cation metal oxide composition spaces by identifying compositions whose optical trends cannot be explained by simple phase mixtures. We screen 376,752 distinct compositions from 108 three-cation oxide systems based on the cation elements Mg, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Y, In, Sn, Ce, and Ta. Data models for candidate phase diagrams and three-cation compositions with emergent optical properties guide the discovery of materials with complex phase-dependent properties, as demonstrated by the discovery of a Co-Ta-Sn substitutional alloy oxide with tunable transparency, catalytic activity, and stability in strong acid electrolytes. These results required close coupling of data validation to experiment design to generate a reliable end-to-end high-throughput workflow for accelerating scientific discovery.
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Fu, Lixin, Mi Lin, Zixian Liang, Qiong Wang, Yaoxian Zheng y Zhengbiao Ouyang. "The Transmission Properties of One-Dimensional Photonic Crystals with Gradient Materials". Materials 15, n.º 22 (14 de noviembre de 2022): 8049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15228049.

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In this paper, we studied the transmission properties, including photonic band gap (PBG) and defect mode properties, of one-dimensional photonic crystals (1D PCs) consisting of gradient materials. When keeping the average refractive index of the gradient materials in the 1D gradient-material PCs (1D GPCs) the same as the index of the corresponding normal materials in the 1D normal-material PCs (1D NPCs), by transfer matrix method, we found that the complete 1D GPCs with high-index gradient materials benefit to achieve larger omni-PBG than that in 1D NPCs. In our high-index gradient material case, for TE(TM) wave, the optimal omni-PBGs in 1D GPCs with first- and second-order gradient materials are 38.6% (50.2%) and 15.9% (22.3%) larger than that in 1D NPCs; while for the optimal relative bandwidths of omni-PBG, the corresponding promotions are 41.1% (52.3%) and 16.1% (22.6%), respectively. In addition, when defective 1D GPCs have gradient-material defect, the position of defect modes can be adjusted by selecting proper parameters of the gradient materials. These types of research are useful for designing wide PBG devices and tunable narrow-band filters which have potential application in optical communication.
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Couturier, G., B. Jean, J. F. Lambert y P. Joffre. "Optical and transport properties in the electro-optical material CdIn2Te4". Materials Science and Engineering: B 21, n.º 2-3 (noviembre de 1993): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5107(93)90380-6.

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Presser, Cary, Joseph M. Conny y Ashot Nazarian. "Filter Material Effects on Particle Absorption Optical Properties". Aerosol Science and Technology 48, n.º 5 (12 de marzo de 2014): 515–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2014.890999.

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Ndukwe, Francis y A. Ekpunobi. "Processing and Characterization of Limestone Nanoparticles". American Journal of Physical Sciences 1, n.º 1 (13 de febrero de 2023): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ajps.1770.

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The effective application usage of solid materials of cannot be granted if the fundamental properties of the material are unknown. Material characterization is one of ways science due apply to determine the fundamental properties of any material. The characterizations of materials in the various discipline of science are of different methods. This research work, processing and characterization of limestone nanoparticles as concern the field of material science was experimentally studied on three major categories: The micro structure using an optical microscope, in which the micro-structure image was obtained at its particulate of approximately 2.5nm. The absorbance obtained experimentally using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer at wavelength raging from 190nm to 900nm. The transmittance, reflectance, refractive index was obtained mathematically, with the optical band gap obtained to be equal to 1.62eV. Finally the elemental composition was obtained using an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS), at which calcium was found to have the highest concentration among other metal present in the limestone nanoparticle.
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Biswas, Soham. "Study of Metal Chalcogenide Material for Optical and Electrical Properties". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, n.º 3 (31 de marzo de 2024): 2758–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.59382.

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Abstract: Metal chalcogenide materials offer a complex tapestry of optical and electrical properties that engage researchers from a variety of disciplines, making their study an important area of study in materials science. This abstract light up the dual nature of these materials and their possible uses by exploring the complex interactions that exist between structure, composition, and functioning. The search for new materials with customised optical responses has focused attention on the optical characteristics of metal chalcogenides recently. Optoelectronic device improvements are made possible by the versatile platform provided by the bandgap engineering in these compounds for altering light-matter interactions. A thorough understanding of metal chalcogenides' optical properties is provided by examining their absorption and emission spectra, quantum yield, and nonlinear optical behaviours. This knowledge is essential for the creation of sensors, photodetectors, and light-emitting gadgets of the future.
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De Santis, Felice y Roberto Pantani. "Optical Properties of Polypropylene upon Recycling". Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/354093.

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In the last few years there has been an increasing interest in the possibility of recycling polymeric materials, using physical recycling. However, is it well known that polymers experience a depletion of all the properties upon recycling. These effects have been widely characterized in the literature for what concerns the mechanical or rheological properties. The changes of optical properties after recycling have been much less studied, even if, especially in food packaging, optical characteristics (above all the opacity) are of extreme importance, and thus it is quite significant to assess the effect of recycling on these properties. In this work, the influence of recycling steps on the opacity of films of a commercial grade of isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) was studied. The material was extruded several times to mimic the effect of recycling procedures. After extrusion, films were obtained by cooling samples of material at different cooling rates. The opacity of the obtained films was then measured and related to their crystallinity and morphology. It was found that opacity generally increases on increasing the amount ofαphase and for the same amount ofαphase on increasing the size of the spherulites.
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WANG, Xuemei, Xiang GUI, Yingping QI, Yongfeng SHEN y Hua LI. "Experimental Study, Characterization and Performance Test of Epoxy Cyclohexane-Based Transparent Polyurethane Material". Materials Science 27, n.º 1 (15 de enero de 2021): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.ms.22858.

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A novel epoxy cyclohexane-based polyurethane material was synthesized from a self-made epoxy cyclohexane-tetrahydrofuran (CHO-THF) co-polyether. Due to the special rigid six-membered ring skeleton in the polyether molecular chain, the polyurethane materials have excellent mechanical properties, good optical transparency and weather resistance. In this paper, the synthesis process of the epoxy cyclohexane-based polyurethane material was studied and the properties of the material were tested. The results showed that curing parameters R value had effects on the mechanical properties and optical transparency of the material.
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Xiao, Xinzhe, Yumin Zhang, Lei Zhou, Bin Li y Lin Gu. "Photoluminescence and Fluorescence Quenching of Graphene Oxide: A Review". Nanomaterials 12, n.º 14 (17 de julio de 2022): 2444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12142444.

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In recent decades, photoluminescence (PL) material with excellent optical properties has been a hot topic. Graphene oxide (GO) is an excellent candidate for PL material because of its unique optical properties, compared to pure graphene. The existence of an internal band gap in GO can enrich its optical properties significantly. Therefore, GO has been widely applied in many fields such as material science, biomedicine, anti-counterfeiting, and so on. Over the past decade, GO and quantum dots (GOQDs) have attracted the attention of many researchers as luminescence materials, but their luminescence mechanism is still ambiguous, although some theoretical results have been achieved. In addition, GO and GOQDs have fluorescence quenching properties, which can be used in medical imaging and biosensors. In this review, we outline the recent work on the photoluminescence phenomena and quenching process of GO and GOQDs. First, the PL mechanisms of GO are discussed in depth. Second, the fluorescence quenching mechanism and regulation of GO are introduced. Following that, the applications of PL and fluorescence quenching of GO–including biomedicine, electronic devices, material imaging–are addressed. Finally, future development of PL and fluorescence quenching of GO is proposed, and the challenges exploring the optical properties of GO are summarized.
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Tesis sobre el tema "Material science- optical properties"

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Li, Ling Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Biomineralized structural materials with functional optical properties". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89955.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 129-143).
Many biological structural materials exhibit "mechanical property amplification" through their intricate hierarchical composite designs. In the past several decades, significant progress has been achieved in elucidating the structure/mechanical property relationships of these materials. However, the design strategies of structural biomaterials with additional functional roles are still largely unexplored. This thesis, by selecting three unique mollusk shell model systems, explores the fundamental design strategies of multifunctional biomineralized materials with dual mechanical and optical functions: transparency, photonic coloration, and lens-mediated vision. The model systems are the bivalve Placuna placenta, the limpet Patella pellucida, and the chiton Acanthopleura granulata, respectively. By investigating the relationships between the mechanical and optical properties and the structural characteristics, this thesis uncovers novel design strategies used to integrate optical functions into mechanically-robust material systems. The high transmission property of the P. placenta shells (~99 wt% calcite), for example, is elucidated through experimental and theoretical analysis based on a light scattering model. This armor utilizes deformation twinning and additional mechanisms at the nanoscale to enhance the energy dissipation efficiency by almost an order of magnitude relative to abiotic calcite. 3D quantitative analysis of the damage zone resulting from high load indentations was performed via synchrotron X-ray micro-computed tomography, revealing the formation of a complex network of microcracks. A unique structural motif, screw dislocation-like connection centers, is identified to enable a high density of crack deflection and bridging. This thesis also leads to the discovery of a unique biomineralized photonic structure in the shell of the blue-rayed limpet P. pellucida. The photonic system consists of a calcite multilayer and underlying particles, which provide selective light reflection through constructive interference and contrast enhancement through light absorption, respectively. Lastly, this thesis presents a detailed investigation of the biomineralized lenses embedded in the armor plates of the chiton A. granulata. The image formation capability of these lenses is experimentally demonstrated for the first time. The optical performance of the eyes is studied via comprehensive ray-trace simulations that take into account the experimentally measured geometry and crystallography of the lens. Mechanical studies illustrate that trade-offs between protection and sensation are present in the plates.
by Ling Li.
Ph. D.
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Russo, Manuela. "Titanium oxide hydrates : optical properties and applications". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/597.

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TiO2 has been extensively studied in the last decades due to its interesting optical and electronic properties, which, combined with low fabrication costs, renders this material very attractive for applications in photovoltaic and photocatalysis. However, the performances of titania in specific device applications were found to be strongly dependent on the synthetic methods selected for its production. The majority of such synthetic procedures rely on the hydrolysis of suitable precursors and often produce an amorphous solid, generally referred as the “amorphous” titanium oxide beside the crystalline titania. In this thesis, we thus set out to investigate amorphous materials produced by the hydrolysis of titanium tetrachlorides and tetraisopropoxide. We show that these amorphous products consists of titanium oxide hydrates, which are relatively stable at room temperature and fully convert into crystalline titania only after extended temperature treatments. We also find that titanium oxide hydrates may display highly desirable characteristic such as a strong photochromic response – especially when placed in a suitable chemical environment. In the following chapter, we then show 3 that hybrid systems can be readily prepared of titanium oxide hydrates with, for instance, macromolecular materials such as poly(vinylalcohol). The amorphous nature of the titanium oxide hydrates allows to introduce more than 90 vol.% of the inorganic species into such systems – compared to 15 vol.% or less when producing hybrids comprising, e.g., crystalline nanoparticles of TiO2. Therefore, materials can be realized that display a refractive index n of at least 2.1, without compromising transparency of the resulting structures. Remarkably, n can not only be adjusted by varying the content of the inorganic species, but also through suitable heat treatments and/or irradiation with UV-light. Potential applications for such new, versatile and tunable optical systems are also discussed in this thesis.
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Chang, Wai-Kit. "Porous silicon surface passivation and optical properties". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41426.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 1996.
"June 1996."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-85).
by Wai-Kit Chang.
S.M.
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4

Stolfi, Michael Anthony. "Optical properties of nanostructured silicon-rich silicon dioxide". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37583.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 190-195).
We have conducted a study of the optical properties of sputtered silicon-rich silicon dioxide (SRO) thin films with specific application for the fabrication of erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers and lasers, polarization sensitive devices and devices to modify the polarization state of light. The SRO thin films were prepared through a reactive RF magnetron sputtering from a Si target in an O2/Ar gas mixture. The film stoichiometry was controlled by varying the power applied to the Si target or changing the percentage of 02 in the gas mixture. A deposition model is presented which incorporates the physical and chemical aspects of the sputtering process to predict the film stoichiometry and deposition rate for variable deposition conditions. The as-deposited films are optically anisotropic with a positive birefringence (nTM > nTE) that increases with increasing silicon content for as-deposited films. The dependence of the birefringence on annealing temperature is also influenced by the silicon content. After annealing, samples with high silicon content (>45 at%) showed birefringence enhancement while samples with low silicon content (<45 at%) showed birefringence reduction. A birefringence of more than 3% can be generated in films with high silicon content (50 at% Si) annealed at 11000C.
(cont.) We attribute the birefringence to the columnar film morphology achieved through our sputtering conditions. Er was incorporated through reactive co-sputtering from Er and Si targets in the same O2/Ar atmosphere in order to investigate the energy-transfer process between SRO and Er for low annealing temperatures. By studying the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of Er:SRO samples annealed in a wide range of temperatures, we demonstrated that the Er sensitization efficiency is maximized between 600°C and 700°C. Temperature-resolved PL spectroscopy on SRO and Er:SRO samples has demonstrated the presence of two different emission sensitizers for samples annealed at 6000C and 1 100°C. This comparative study of temperature-resolved PL spectroscopy along with energy Filtered Transmission Electron Microscopy (EFTEM) has confirmed that the more efficient emission sensitization for samples annealed at 6000C occurs through localized centers within the SRO matrix without the nucleation of Si nanocrystals. Er-doped SRO slab waveguides were fabricated to investigate optical gain and loss for samples annealed at low temperatures.
(cont.) Variable stripe length gain measurements show pump dependent waveguide loss saturation due to stimulated emission with a maximum modal gain of 3 ± 1.4 cm-1 without the observation of carrier induced losses. Pump and probe measurements on ridge waveguides also confirms the presence of SRO sensitized signal enhancement for samples annealed at 6000C. Transmission loss measurements demonstrate a significant loss reduction of 1.5 cm-1or samples annealed at 600°C compared to those annealed at 1000°C. These results suggest a possible route for the fabrication of compact, high-gain planar light sources and amplifiers with a low thermal budget for integration with standard Si CMOS processes.
by Michael Anthony Stolfi.
Ph.D.
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Anant, Vikas 1980. "Engineering the optical properties of subwavelength devices and materials". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42233.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-154).
Many applications demand materials with seemingly incompatible optical characteristics. For example, immersion photolithography is a resolution enhancing technique used to fabricate the ever-shrinking nanostructures in integrated circuits but requires a material that has-at the same time--a large index of refraction and negligible optical loss. Other applications require devices that have optical properties that seem exorbitant given the constraints posed by the geometry, materials, and desired performance of these devices. The superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) is one such device that, on the one hand, needs to absorb and detect single telecom-wavelength photons (A = 1.55 pm) with near-perfect efficiency, but on the other hand, has an absorber that is subwavelength in its thickness (A/390). For both cases, it is simply not enough to look for alternative materials with the desired optical properties, because the materials may not exist in nature. In fact, it has become necessary to engineer the optical properties of these devices and materials using other means. In this thesis, we have investigated how the optical properties of materials and devices can be engineered for specific applications. In the first half of the thesis, we focused on theoretical schemes that use subwave-length, resonant constituents to realize a material with interesting optical properties. We proposed a scheme that can achieve high index (n > 6) accompanied with optical gain for an implementation involving atomic vapors. We then explored the applicability of this high-index system to immersion lithography and found that optical gain is problematic. We solved the issue of optical gain by proposing a scheme where a mixture of resonant systems is used. We predicted that this system can yield a high refractive index, low refractive index, anomalous dispersion, or normal dispersion, all with optical transparency. In the second half, we studied the optical properties of SNSPDs through theoretical and experimental methods. In the study, we first constructed a numerical model that predicts the absorptance of our devices. We then fabricated SNSPDs with varying geometries and engineered a preprocessing-free proximity-effect correction technique to realize uniform linewidths. We then constructed an optical apparatus to measure the absorptance of our devices and showed that the devices are sensitive to the polarization of single photons.
by Vikas Anant.
Ph.D.
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Wang, Lei 1972. "Morphology and optical properties of polyolefin blown films". Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36728.

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Optical properties of polyethylene blown films are of great commercial and scientific interest. An understanding of the relationship between morphology and optical properties will have a significant impact on product and process optimization.
In this work, a number of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) resins of different molecular and structural characteristics were studied. Intrinsic properties such as refractive index and absorption coefficient were estimated from resin compositions using group contribution models. The refractive indices of sample films were also measured using the method of Transmission Spectrum.
The morphology of polyethylene films was investigated using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Near-field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM). Both the surface and bulk morphologies were evaluated. The observation shows the dominant spherulitic structure on the surface as well as in the bulk, as the result of nucleation and crystallization during the film blowing process. In addition to qualitative observations and comparisons; quantitative characterization methods were employed to describe the features of the morphology.
Based on the morphology characterization, the surface reflection was described by the Beckmann-Davies theory of reflection of electro-magnetic waves by rough surface. The directional distribution of reflected intensity was computed according to the surface roughness information. The gloss values of sample films were computed accordingly and compared with experimental measurements. Furthermore, the problem of light transmission and scattering was investigated. A scattering geometry was proposed from the observations of the morphology of sample films. The light scattering by the surface of polymer films was analyzed using a model that is based on the Mie theory of scattering. The haze values of sample films were computed and compared with experimental measurements.
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Supplee, William Wagner. "Structural, magnetic, and optical properties of orthoferrite thin films". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44813.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-43).
Pulsed laser deposition was used to create thin films of Ce-Fe-O and Y-Fe-O systems. Deposition temperature and ambient oxygen pressure were varied systematically between samples to determine which deposition conditions were most favorable to the formation of cerium/yttrium orthoferrite. The structure and composition of each film were then determined using X-ray diffraction and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy respectively. In addition, the magnetic and optical properties of the yttrium films were characterized to determine the suitability of these materials as Faraday isolators at A=1550 nm. Results show that orthoferrite crystal structures in these systems are not stable in the temperature and oxygen ranges tested. It was also found that increasing oxygen pressure caused exponential decay in the deposition rate. Most films were amorphous, exhibiting a paramagnetic M-H plot and a Verdet coefficient between 0.37 and 0.89 deg cm-1 Gauss-1
by William Wagner Supplee, Jr.
S.B.
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8

Chen, Jimmy Kuo-Wei. "The electrical and optical properties of doped yttrium aluminum garnets". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32136.

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Gallivan, Rebecca Anne. "Investigating coordinate network based films through mechanical and optical properties". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111257.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2017.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 31).
Both biological and synthetic materials crosslinked via metal coordinate dynamic chemistry display interesting advanced behavior. In particular, coordinate networks have been shown to form self-healing, self-assembling, and stimuli-responsive behaviors through its tunable optical and mechanical properties as well as its ability to for dynamic networks. However, while the majority of research has focused on characterization of bulk coordinate networks, coordinate complexes have also been shown to be useful in molecular film formation [1 and 2]. This study investigates the mechanical and optical properties of tannic acid and 4 arm catechol polyethylene glycol based coordinate network films. It shows that these films can contribute to energy dissipation and undergo pH-induced optical shifts when used as coatings on soft hydrogels. It also provides evidence that the molecular architecture of the network formers may have considerable effect on the properties and behavior of coordinate network films. Ultimately this work lays the foundation for further investigation of the underlying mechanisms and engineering potential of coordinate network based films.
by Rebecca Anne Gallivan.
S.B.
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Brewster, Megan Marie. "The interplay of structure and optical properties in individual semiconducting nanostructures". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69662.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2011.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-174).
Semiconductor nanostructures exhibit distinct properties by virtue of nano-scale dimensionality, allowing for investigations of fundamental physics and the improvement of optoelectronic devices. Nanoscale morphological variations can drastically affect overall nanostructure properties because the investigation of nanostructure assemblies convolves nanoscale fluctuations to produce an averaged result. The investigation of individual nanostructures is thus paramount to a comprehensive analysis of nanomaterials. This thesis focuses on the study of individual GaAs, AlGaAs, and ZnO nanostructures to understand the influence of morphology on properties at the nanoscale. First, the diameter-dependent exciton-phonon coupling strengths of individual GaAs and AlGaAs nanowires were investigated by resonant micro-Raman spectroscopy near their direct bandgaps. The one-dimensional nanowire architecture was found to affect exciton lifetimes through an increase in surface state population relative to volume, resulting in Fröhlich coupling strengths stronger than any previously observed. Next, ZnO nanowire growth kinetics and mechanisms were found to evolve by altering precursor concentrations. The cathodoluminescence of nanowires grown by reaction-limited kinetics were quenched at the nanowire tips, likely due to point defects associated with the high Zn supersaturation required for reaction-limited growth. Further, cathodoluminescence was quenched in the vicinity of Au nanoparticles, which were found on nanowire sidewalls due to the transition in growth mechanism, caused by excited electron transfer from the ZnO conduction band to the Au Fermi level. Finally, ZnO nanowalls were grown by significantly increasing precursor flux and diffusion lengths over that of the ZnO nanowire growth. Nanowall growth began with the Au-assisted nucleation of nanowires, whose growth kinetics was a combination of Gibbs- Thomson-limited and diffusion-limited, followed by the domination of non-assisted film growth to form nanowalls. Nanoscale morphological variations, such as thickness variations and the presence of dislocations and Au nanoparticles, were directly correlated with nanoscale variations in optical properties. These investigations prove unequivocally that nanoscale morphological variations have profound consequences on optical properties on the nanoscale. Studies of individual nano-objects are therefore prerequisite to fully understanding, and eventually employing, these promising nanostructures.
by Megan Marie Brewster.
Ph.D.
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Libros sobre el tema "Material science- optical properties"

1

Aoyagi, Yoshinobu. Optical Properties of Advanced Materials. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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2

Ch, Bosshard, ed. Organic nonlinear optical materials. Basel, Switzerland: Gordon and Breach, 1995.

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3

Keiei, Kudo y Shibuya Takehisa, eds. Physical properties and data of optical materials. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2007.

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Wakaki, Moriaki. Physical properties and data of optical materials. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2005.

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Fedorovich, Sizov Fedor, Gumenjuk-Sichevska Johanna V, Kostyukevych Sergey, Institut poluprovodnikov (Akademii͡a︡ nauk Ukraïny), Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers. Ukraine Chapter., Akademii͡a︡ nauk Ukraïny, Ukraine. Ministerstvo osvity i nauky. y Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., eds. Sixth International Conference on Material Science and Material Properties for Infrared Optoelectronics: 22-24 May 2002, Kiev, Ukraine. Bellingham, Wash., USA: SPIE, 2003.

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A, Emerson John y Torkelson John M, eds. Optical and electrical properties of polymers: Symposium held November 26-28, 1990, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Pittsburgh, Pa: Materials Research Society, 1991.

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1955-, Dragoman Mircea, ed. Optical characterization of solids. Berlin: Springer, 2002.

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NATO, Advanced Research Workshop on 'Photoactive Organic Materials: Science and Applications' (1995 Avignon France). Photoactive organic materials: Science and applications : proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on 'Photoactive Organic Materials: Science and Applications,' Avignon, France, June 25-30, 1995. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.

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Zinc Oxide: From fundamental properties towards novel applications. Heidelberg: Springer, 2010.

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Optical techniques for solid-state materials characterization. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2011.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Material science- optical properties"

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Osswald, Tim A. y Georg Menges. "Optical Properties of Polymers". En Material Science of Polymers for Engineers, 513–36. München, Germany: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-56990-524-1_12.

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Hummel, Rolf E. "Optical Properties of Materials". En Understanding Materials Science, 239–64. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2972-6_13.

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Askeland, Donald R. "Optical and Thermal Properties". En The Science and Engineering of Materials, 229–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1842-9_19.

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Osswald, Tim A. y Georg Menges. "Optical Properties of Polymers". En Materials Science of Polymers for Engineers, 513–36. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569905241.012.

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Barrera, Rubén G. "Optical Properties of New Materials". En Advanced Topics in Materials Science and Engineering, 241–55. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2842-5_15.

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Paje, S. E., F. Teran, J. M. Riveiro, J. Llopis, M. A. García, M. C. Marco de Lucas y L. Saviot. "Optical Properties of Sputtered Silver Granular Films". En Materials Science Forum, 287–92. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-962-8.287.

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Sakhnenko, Nataliya. "Whispering Gallery Mode Microdisk Resonator with Dynamic Material Properties". En Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 35–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9481-7_3.

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Feng, Li Ping y Zheng Tang Liu. "Optical Properties of Silica Films Prepared on Sapphire". En Materials Science Forum, 3709–12. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-960-1.3709.

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Broyer, M., G. Delacrétaz, P. Fayet, P. Labastie, W. A. Saunders, J. P. Wolf y L. Wöste. "Optical and Dynamical Properties of Metal Clusters". En Springer Series in Materials Science, 88–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83064-8_12.

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Sarkar, D., J. M. Calleja, H. P. van der Meulen, J. M. Becker, R. J. Haug y Klaus Pierz. "Optical Properties of InAs/AlAs Self-Assembled Quantum Dots". En Materials Science Forum, 9–17. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-441-3.9.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Material science- optical properties"

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Kamuz, Alexander M., Pavel F. Oleksenko y T. A. Dyachenko. "Irreversible gigantic modification of semiconductor optical properties". En Material Science and Material Properties for Infrared Optoelectronics, editado por Fiodor F. Sizov y Vladimir V. Tetyorkin. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.280452.

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Ozvold, Milan, V. Gasparik y Peter Mrafko. "Optical properties of semiconducting iron disilicide thin films". En Material Science and Material Properties for Infrared Optoelectronics, editado por Fiodor F. Sizov. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.368351.

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Bogoboyashchiy, V. V. "Galvanomagnetic and optical properties of CdTe wafers for substrates". En Material Science and Material Properties for Infrared Optoelectronics, editado por Fiodor F. Sizov. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.368360.

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Popovich, N., I. E. Kacher, N. I. Dovgoshej y Yu Tomashpolskij. "Peculiarities of preparation and main optical properties of zinctetratiogallate films". En Material Science and Material Properties for Infrared Optoelectronics, editado por Fiodor F. Sizov. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.368402.

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Golenkov, Alexandr G., Sergey D. Darchuk y Fiodor F. Sizov. "Nonlinear optical transmission of Cd0.2Hg0.8Te single crystals at room temperature". En Material Science and Material Properties for Infrared Optoelectronics, editado por Fiodor F. Sizov y Vladimir V. Tetyorkin. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.280423.

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Kumar, Asish, Khem B. Thapa y Girijesh N. Pandey. "Tunable optical properties of hyperbolic meta-material". En ADVANCES IN BASIC SCIENCE (ICABS 2019). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5122368.

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Savitsky, Andriy V., Victor R. Burachek, Orest A. Parfenyuk, Mariya I. Ilashchuk y Kostyantyn S. Ulyanitsky. "New optical materials for an infrared technique based on cadmium telluride". En Material Science and Material Properties for Infrared Optoelectronics, editado por Fiodor F. Sizov. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.368393.

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Savchenko, Nicolai D. "Thermal stress minimization in optical components coated with Ge-As-Se films". En Material Science and Material Properties for Infrared Optoelectronics, editado por Fiodor F. Sizov. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.368386.

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Ivasiv, Z. F., Vladimir V. Tetyorkin, Fiodor F. Sizov y V. A. Petryakov. "Optical properties of Hg1-xCdxTe/CdTe epitaxial films with graded band gap". En Material Science and Material Properties for Infrared Optoelectronics, editado por Fiodor F. Sizov. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.368334.

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Voevodin, Valerii G. y O. V. Leontieva. "Nonlinear optical processes in the GaAs-GaP planar gradient waveguides: computer simulation". En Material Science and Material Properties for Infrared Optoelectronics, editado por Fiodor F. Sizov y Vladimir V. Tetyorkin. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.280414.

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Informes sobre el tema "Material science- optical properties"

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Johnson, J. N. Shock compression science: Dynamic material properties and computation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), octubre de 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/380326.

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Kehrer, Manfred y Simon B. Pallin. Hygrothermal Material Properties for Soils in Building Science. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), enero de 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1352777.

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Lambrecht, Walter R. Magneto-Optical Properties of Hybrid Magnetic Material Semiconductor Nanostructures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, septiembre de 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada472402.

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Zika, Rod G. y Catherine D. Clark. Characterization of Optical and Associated Properties of Marine Colored Dissolved Organic Material (CDOM). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, septiembre de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada609937.

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Zika, Rod G. Characterization of Optical and Associated Properties of Marine Colored Dissolved Organic Material (CDOM). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto de 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627497.

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Zika, Rod G. y Catherine D. Clark. Characterization of Optical and Associated Properties of Marine Colored Dissolved Organic Material (CDOM). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, septiembre de 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada631500.

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Clark, Catherine D. Photochemical Transformations of the Structural and Optical Properties of Marine Colored Dissolved Organic Material in Coastal Waters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto de 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627302.

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Finch, Graeme y Stuart Harmon. PR-670-183826-R01 Assessment of Science Behind LSM for Pipeline Integrity. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), septiembre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011803.

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Integrity assessment of pipelines is vital to ensure that oil and gas pipes have adequate strength to prevent leaks and ruptures. Regular inspections are conducted to confirm safe operation conditions of pipelines. The industry's principle method for assessing pipelines is in-line inspection (ILI), involving the passing of a device along the inside of a pipe to assess the condition of the pipeline. ILI devices can be fitted with a number of sensors allowing various measurement parameters to be obtained simultaneously. Not all pipelines are suited to ILI for reasons such as small diameter, obstructions within the pipe, or insufficient access to deploy or retrieve the ILI tools. These pipelines are sometimes referred to as 'difficult to inspect'. Alternative methods for examining pipeline condition are required, with a range of technologies collectively known as Large Standoff Magnetometry (LSM) offering a promising solution for detection of pipe defects from a distance, reducing the need for excavation. LSM utilises the coupling between defects and changes in the magnetic properties of the pipeline material as a method for evaluation of pipe walls to identify the location of areas that require repair or further monitoring. Trials of existing commercial instruments by the pipeline industry have shown sufficient promise to investigate the technologies further. However, vendors have supplied limited information on the underpinning physics of both the materials being tested and the instrument technology. The purpose of the project is to establish the ability of LSM to detect corrosion in API 5L pipe grades B to X70. The aim of Work Package 02 is to review the physics of the agreed pipeline defects and fluxgate type magnetic sensors. The properties of pipeline-specific soft magnetic materials are investigated to understand corrosion, how this alters the material properties and how this can affect the associated magnetic fields surrounding the material. The physics of fluxgate magnetometers and gradiometers are also reviewed to assess the ability of LSM to detect these two features.
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More, R. M., J. J. Barnard, F. M. Bieniosek, E. Henestroza, S. M. Lidia y P. A. Ni. HEAVY ION FUSION SCIENCE VIRTUAL NATIONAL LABORATORY2nd QUARTER 2010 MILESTONE REPORTDevelop the theory connecting pyrometer and streak camera spectrometer data to the material properties of beam heatedtargets and compare to the data. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), abril de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/983163.

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Clausen, Jay, Susan Frankenstein, Jason Dorvee, Austin Workman, Blaine Morriss, Keran Claffey, Terrance Sobecki et al. Spatial and temporal variance of soil and meteorological properties affecting sensor performance—Phase 2. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), septiembre de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41780.

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An approach to increasing sensor performance and detection reliability for buried objects is to better understand which physical processes are dominant under certain environmental conditions. The present effort (Phase 2) builds on our previously published prior effort (Phase 1), which examined methods of determining the probability of detection and false alarm rates using thermal infrared for buried-object detection. The study utilized a 3.05 × 3.05 m test plot in Hanover, New Hampshire. Unlike Phase 1, the current effort involved removing the soil from the test plot area, homogenizing the material, then reapplying it into eight discrete layers along with buried sensors and objects representing targets of inter-est. Each layer was compacted to a uniform density consistent with the background undisturbed density. Homogenization greatly reduced the microscale soil temperature variability, simplifying data analysis. The Phase 2 study spanned May–November 2018. Simultaneous measurements of soil temperature and moisture (as well as air temperature and humidity, cloud cover, and incoming solar radiation) were obtained daily and recorded at 15-minute intervals and coupled with thermal infrared and electro-optical image collection at 5-minute intervals.
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