Bibliografías temáticas / Maize – Varieties

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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Maize – Varieties"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021
Última modificación: 7 de febrero de 2022

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Maize – Varieties"

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Sasmita, Inggit, Supriyono Supriyono y Sri Nyoto. "PENGARUH BERBAGAI VARIETAS JAGUNG SECARA TUMPANGSARI ADDITIVE SERIES PADA PERTANAMAN KACANG TANAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL". Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 29, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2014): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v29i1.13312.

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<p>One way intentification food plant by intercropping systems. This study aims to determine effect differences in yield and find out what varieties maize growth and provide the best yield of intercropping maize varieties grown peanuts when planted in Additive Series. The study is based on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with one factor of maize varieties (V) with four replications. V01: Kancil monoculture peanut varieties, V02: monoculture Bisma corn varieties, V1-V6 : multiple varieties of maize cropping pattern Kancil peanut varieties (V1: Arjuna maize varieties, V2: Bisma corn varieties, V3: maize varieties Lamuru, V4 : maize varieties Srikandi Putih, V5: Sukmaraga corn varieties, and V6: maize varieties Gumarang). Analysis was performed by F test level 5 % and if the significant difference was followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) level 5%. The yield tend to be highest in groundnut V6 of 2.7 tons/ha and corn V4 of 5.03 tons/ha.</p>
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Y., Danso. "Host-suitability of maize varieties to Meloidogyne incognita". Pakistan Journal of Nematology 37, n.º 2 (31 de diciembre de 2019): 249–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18681/pjn.v37.i02.p249-250.

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Kambanje, Ardinesh, Amon Taruvinga, Abbyssinia Mushunje, Charles Mutengwa y Saul Ngarava. "Determinants of Food Security Status amongst Smallholder Farmers Utilizing Different Maize Varieties in OR Tambo District, South Africa". Journal of Social Sciences Research, n.º 62 (5 de febrero de 2020): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.62.133.139.

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Maize is an important staple crop for poverty reduction and global food security in Sub Saharan Africa. Food insecurity can be combated through adoption of productivity improving technologies, which include improved maize varieties. In that endeavour, South Africa has promoted various improved maize varieties which include open pollinated varieties (OPVs), hybrids, and genetically modified (GM) varieties. Despite this, the traditional landrace varieties have also been dominating in the country. However, the household food insecurity problem in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa may signify a mis-match between maize varieties being promoted amongst smallholder farmers’ and their needs. It therefore necessitates a scrutiny of the food security status among users of different maize varieties, and the determinants of such food security. A cross sectional survey was conducted in Port St Johns, Mqanduli and Flagstaff in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Data was purposively collected from a sample of 650 smallholder farmers using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Household Food Insecurity Access Score and ordinal logistic regression model were employed to characterize, examine the household food insecurity status and the determinants, respectively. Fifty-six percent of the respondents were utilizing land race maize varieties, whilst 29% GMs, 10% combining GMs and landrace, 4% improved OPVs and 1% convectional hybrids. The average land area under maize was 1.09 hectares with average yields (t/ha) of 1.9, 0.5, 1.7 and 1.6 for GM, landrace, conventional hybrids and improved OPVs respectively. Fifty-five percent of households utilizing GM varieties and 61% of those combining maize varieties were food secure. The regression model showed that maize variety had significant influence on food security. The study found that GM maize, improved OPV, white maize and combination effects of GM maize was associated with reduction of household food insecurity. From the study, it can be put into perspective that use of white and improved maize varieties reduces household food insecurity. Therefore, to address household food insecurity, the study recommended targeting white maize varieties, especially GM white maize varieties which are highly productive and a positive influence on household food security.
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Crossa, J., B. Westcott y C. Gonzalez. "The Yield Stability of Maize Genotypes across International Environments: Full Season Tropical Maize". Experimental Agriculture 24, n.º 2 (abril de 1988): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700016008.

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SUMMARYEvaluation of the yield stability of a group of CIMMYT tropical maize populations across international environments, measured by the performance of varieties derived from them, showed that the populations Mezcla Tropical Blanca, La Posta and Amarillo Dentado produced the most stable varieties across environments. Mezcla Tropical Blanco and Amarillo Dentado produced selections with good stability in both low and high yielding environments while La Posta produced varieties with better performance in favourable environments. ‘Across-site’ varieties were not consistently more effective than ‘site-specific’ varieties in improving yield stability. Varieties selected for some specific population-environment combinations have been very stable in other areas of the world.
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Majeed, Saima, Mazhar Iqbal, Muhammad Rafique Asi, Shahzad Zafar Iqbal y Jinap Selamat. "Analysis of Nutritional Traits and Aflatoxin Contamination in Selected Maize Varieties from Pakistan". Journal of Food Protection 80, n.º 12 (1 de noviembre de 2017): 1993–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-117.

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Recently, cultivation of high-yielding hybrid maize varieties has revolutionized maize production in Pakistan. Analyses of nutritional traits and aflatoxin (AF) contamination in these varieties can aid in the identification of susceptible and resistant varieties, particularly for cultivation in the Pakistani agro-climatic environment. Five spring maize varieties—Pioneer, Neelam, DK-919, Desi, and Hi-maize—were selected for analyses of their nutritional, tocopherol, and AF contents. Protein, carbohydrate, oil, ash, fiber, and moisture contents ranged between 8.7 and 10.8%, 68 and 71%, 3.72 and 5.56%, 1.09 and 1.81%, 1.1 and 3.1%, and 11.7 and 14.2%, respectively. Tocopherol levels in selected varieties were in the range of 461 to 1,430 μg/g. Hi-maize exhibited significantly higher protein and tocopherol contents than the other varieties, indicating its better suitability for feed and silage applications. The highest mean level of total AFs, 14.5 ± 0.12 μg/kg, was found in Desi, and results showed that the most dominant AF found in the maize varieties was AFB1. Furthermore, the results showed that the higher the level of tocopherol, the lower the concentration of total AFs and vice versa in maize varieties. The results can be used to investigate additional susceptible maize varieties that are resistant to fungal attack.
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Tiwari, Grace, Chandan K.C., Praseed Thapa y Astha Shrestha. "Socio-economic analysis of open pollinated improved and hybrid maize production in Sindhupalchok district of Nepal". Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 4, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2021): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i1.33246.

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The study was conducted from April to June, 2020 for comparative analysis of socioeconomic factors and profitability between Open Pollinated Improved (OPI) varieties and Hybrid varieties on maize production in Sindhupalchok district of Nepal. A structured questionnaire was administered to 80 randomly selected households i.e. 48 HHs cultivated OPI and 32 HHs cultivated hybrid maize varieties. Descriptive statistics, unpaired t-test, multiple linear regressions and indexing were used for data analysis using statistical tools- SPSS version 25 and MS-Excel. Linear regression model revealed that area under maize (5% level), education (5% level), age of household head (1% level), training (1% level), access to credit (5% level) and choice of seed (1 % level) significantly influenced maize production. In addition, unpaired t-test revealed that the productivity of hybrid maize varieties was significantly higher (1% level) than OPI varieties. Fall Armyworm infestation was found to more severe in OPI varieties (5% level) than hybrid. Furthermore, B: C ratio of hybrid varieties (1.59) indicated hybrid maize to be more profitable than OPI (1% level). However, the total cost of cultivation along with the cost of seed per hectare of OPI was found to be lower than hybrid varieties (1% level) thereby significantly increasing the area under maize production for OPI varieties (1% level). Indexing identified- lack of availability of quality seeds and fertilizers (I= 0.78) as the major problem associated with maize production. Ensuring access to quality seeds and fertilizer at subsidy, mechanization and efficient extension services focused on development of affordable hybrid maize varieties or high yielding OPI and its adoption among the farmers in order to increase maize productivity is recommended.
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Rahma, Haliatur, Meity S. Sinaga, Memen Surahman y Giyanto Giyanto. "TINGKAT KETERJADIAN PENYAKIT LAYU STEWART PADA BENIH DAN RESPON BEBERAPA VARIETAS JAGUNG TERHADAP INFEKSI Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii". Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 13, n.º 1 (7 de enero de 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.1131-9.

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Disease incidence of Stewart’s wilt on the seed and response of several maize varieties to Pantoea stewartii subp. stewartii. Stewart’s wilt disease of maize is caused by Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii. This bacterium is seed-borne pathogens, when attacked maize caused yield lost 40-100%. The objective of this research was to detemine the incidence level of stewart’s wilt disease, growth of some varieties of maize and their response to stewart’s wilt pathogens Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Bacteriology and Greenhouse Cikabayan IPB from November 2011 to March 2012. In experiment I, nineteen samples of maize were used for symptom test in the maize seedling stage, using Randomized Block Design with three replications. Experiment II used a Randomized Block Design with 2 factors: maize varieties (8 hybrids varieties, 3 open pollinated varieties, and 7 sweet corn varieties) and bacteria isolates (BGR 2, BGR 4, BGR 28, BGR7 and PSM 27), with three replications. The results showed in experiment I, the incidence of stewart’s wilt disease ranged 2.00 – 15.33%, germination and vigor index of maize seed were 68.00 – 95.33% and 55.33 – 90.67% respectively. While in experiment II, hybrid and open pollinated of maize varieties were resistant to moderately susceptible while all sweet corn varieties were susceptible to infection of Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii.
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Teixeira, Flavia França, José Heitor de Vasconcellos, Ramiro Vilela de Andrade, Manoel Xavier dos Santos, Carlos Eduardo Prado Leite, Paulo Evaristo de Oliveira Guimarães, Sidney Netto Parentoni, Walter Fernandes Meirelles, Cleso Antonio Patto Pacheco y Gessi Ceccon. "BRS Cipotânea and BRS Diamantina: maize varieties". Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 11, n.º 2 (junio de 2011): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-70332011000200013.

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The maize cultivars BRS Cipotânea and BRS Diamantina were developed from accessions of the Maize Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Maize and Sorghum. The evaluation was participative, performed by scientists and end-users. The varieties were developed to provide farmers with maize varieties suitable for corn-husk crafts.
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Abera, Tolera, Tolessa Debele y Dagne Wegary. "Effects of Varieties and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Maize on Farmers Field in Mid Altitude Areas of Western Ethiopia". International Journal of Agronomy 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4253917.

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Yield of maize hybrids could be low when grown below optimum management practices. Use of improved varieties and optimum nitrogen fertilizer application practices are unlocking the high yielding potential of hybrids maize. With these in view, a field experiment was executed on farmers’ field to determine the effect of varieties and nitrogen fertilizer rate on yield and yield components of maize in two cropping seasons. It is laid out with randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. Five maize varieties (BH-540, BH-543, BH-661, BH-660, and BH-140) as main factor and two levels of nitrogen (55 and 110 Kg N ha−1) as subfactor were used with one maize variety (BH-543) without fertilizer as control. Leaf area and leaf area index of maize varieties were significantly affected by application of nitrogen fertilizer rates. Interaction of maize varieties with nitrogen fertilizer rates significantly affected all yield and yield components of maize. Application of half and full recommended nitrogen fertilizer produced mean grain yield advantages of 31 and 41% over control. Therefore, application of half and full recommended nitrogen fertilizer for improved maize varieties has significantly improved grain yield and recommended for maize production in midaltitude area of western Ethiopia.
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Fenzi, Marianna, Devra I. Jarvis, Luis Manuel Arias Reyes, Luis Latournerie Moreno y John Tuxill. "Longitudinal analysis of maize diversity in Yucatan, Mexico: influence of agro-ecological factors on landraces conservation and modern variety introduction". Plant Genetic Resources 15, n.º 1 (2 de septiembre de 2015): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262115000374.

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Transformations that farmers bring to their traditional farming systems and their impacts on the conservation and evolution of maize varieties over a 12-year period are investigated using a longitudinal analysis. Despite the increased introduction and supply of improved maize variety seeds in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, over the last 12 years farmers continue to maintain a substantial amount of traditional maize variety diversity. Even with the increased availability of hybrid seeds, farmers in the community of Yaxcaba on average plant more than three quarters of their milpa fields to traditional maize varieties, with the latter one fourth predominately planted to a locally improved varietyNal Xoy, a farm cross of a traditional variety and an improved variety. We observed a significant reduction in yellow –x-Nuuk nal, a long-cycle traditional landrace, paralleled by an increase in short- and intermediate-cycle locally adapted improved maize varieties. We found great differences in the distribution of maize varieties by soil type, with modern varieties being targeted for the rarer, deeper and fine-grained soils, while traditional varieties predominate on the more prevalent stony and thin soils. Our results provide a picture in which most traditional maize varieties in Yaxcaba continue to be maintained by farmers, coexisting with locally adapted improved varieties on the same landscape, and allowing the continued evolution of maize populations.
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Tesis sobre el tema "Maize – Varieties"

1

Magorokosho, Cosmos. "Genetic diversity and performance of maize varieties from Zimbabwe, Zambia and Malawi". Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4669.

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Large scale and planned introduction of maize (Zea mays) in southern Africa was accomplished during the last 100 years. Since then, smallholder farmers and breeders have been selecting varieties best adapted to their specific growing conditions. Six studies were conducted to generate information on the current levels of genetic diversity and agronomic performance of both farmer-developed and commercially-bred maize varieties in Zimbabwe, Zambia and Malawi to help in the identification of sources of new alleles for improving yield, especially under the main abiotic stresses that prevail in the region. In the first study, 267 maize landraces were collected from smallholder farmers in different agro-ecological zones of the three countries for conservation and further studies. Passport data and information on why smallholder farmers continue to grow landraces despite the advent of modern varieties were also collected along with the landraces. The second study revealed considerable variation for phenological, morphological and agronomic characters, and inter-relationships among the landraces and their commercial counterparts. A core sample representing most of the diversity in the whole collection of landraces was selected for further detailed analyses. The third study revealed high levels of molecular diversity between landraces originating from different growing environments and between landraces and commercially-bred varieties. The Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) data also showed that the genetic diversity introduced from the original gene pool from the USA about 100 years ago is still found in both the descendant landraces and commercially-bred varieties. The fourth study showed that in general, commercially-bred varieties outyielded landraces under both abiotic stress and nonstress conditions with some notable exceptions. Landraces were more stable across environments than improved varieties. The most promising landraces for pre-breeding and further investigation were also identified. The clustering patterns formed based on agronomic data were different from SSR markers, but in general the genotype groupings were consistent across the two methods of measuring diversity. In the fifth study, the more recently-bred maize varieties in Zimbabwe showed consistent improvement over older cultivars in grain yield. The apparent yearly rate of yield increase due to genetic improvement was positive under optimum growing conditions, low soil nitrogen levels and drought stress. The sixth study revealed that in general, genetic diversity in Zimbabwean maize has neither significantly decreased nor increased over time, and that the temporal changes observed in this study were more qualitative than quantitative. The results from the six studies confirm the origin of maize in southern Africa and reveals that considerable genetic variation exists in the region which could be used to broaden the sources of diversity for maize improvement under the current agro-ecological conditions in southern Africa.
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2

Zeng, Di. "Three essays on the adoption and impacts of improved maize varieties in Ethiopia". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64332.

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Public agricultural research has been conducted in Africa for decades and has generated numerous crop technologies, while little is understood on how agricultural research affects the poor and vulnerable groups such as children, and how farmers' perceptions affect their adoption decisions. This dissertation helps fill this gap with three essays on adoption and impacts of improved maize varieties in rural Ethiopia. The first essay estimates poverty impacts. Field-level treatment effects on yield and cost changes with adoption are estimated using instrumental variable techniques, with treatment effect heterogeneity fully accounted for in marginal treatment effect estimation. A backward derivation procedure is then developed within an economic surplus framework to identify the counterfactual income distribution without improved maize varieties. Poverty impacts are estimated by exploiting the differences between the observed and counterfactual income distributions. Improved maize varieties have led to 0.8-1.3 percentage drop in poverty headcount ratio and relative reductions in poverty depth and severity. However, poor producers benefit the least from adoption due to their small land holdings. The second paper assesses the impacts on child nutrition outcomes. The conceptual linkage between maize adoption and child nutrition is first established using an agricultural household model. Instrumental variable (IV) estimation suggests the overall impacts to be positive and significant. Quantile IV regressions further reveal that such impacts are largest among the most severely malnourished. By combining a decomposition procedure with estimates from a system of equations, it is found that the increase in own-produced maize consumption is the major channel such impacts occur. The third paper explores how farmers' perceptions of crop traits affects their willingness to adopt improved maize varieties. Under a random utility framework, a mixed logit procedure is implemented to model farmer's adoption intention, where perceptions of key varietal traits are first identified, and then instrumented using a control function approach to account for potential endogeneity. Perceived yield is found to be the most important trait affecting farmers' adoption intention. Further, yield perceptions among previous adopters appear to be affected by within-village peer effects rather than the real crop performance.
Ph. D.
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3

Bernal, Eufemio Gabino Nava. "Local maize varieties in central Mexico : their management and contribution to campesinos' livelihoods". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398803.

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Miquitaio, Dizimalta. "Agronomic, Physiological, and Proteomic Characterization of Three Improved Varieties of Maize (Zea mays L.)". Doctoral thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/101969.

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"Maize is the most important food crop in Mozambique. However, maize production is low and is cyclically impaired due to abiotic stresses such as recurrent droughts (particularly in the arid and semi-arid areas), soil infertility, floods, and cyclones events. Biotic stresses, such as pests and diseases, also affect food production. Altogether, these constraints lead to food insecurity and the need for humanitarian food aid from local and international communities. (...)"
N/A
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Mishiyi, Sibongile Gift. "Nodulation, dry matter accumulation and grain yield of cowpea and lablab varieties under sole and intercropping system with maize". Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/694.

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Thesis (M.Sc. (Agronomy )) --University of Limpopo, 2007
Intercropping is the growing of two or more crops simultaneously on the same field, and it is a common traditional practice among resource-poor farmers throughout the Limpopo Province of South Africa. Field studies were conducted at two locations in the province namely, the University of Limpopo experimental farm at Syferkuil, and a farmer’s field at Dalmada during the 2002/2003 growing season, to determine patterns of nodulation in cowpea and lablab varieties under sole culture and in an intercropping system with maize, variety SNK2147 and also to assess biomass accumulation and grain yielding abilities of the component crops in the system. The experiments were established as a randomized complete block design with three replications at each location. Treatments examined were sole maize, two cowpea cultivars: Bechuana white and Glenda; two lablab cultivars, Rongai and Common. The legumes were intercropped alternately within 90 cm inter-row spacing of maize, thus creating a distance of 45 cm between the maize and the legume rows. Cropping system had no effect on cowpea grain yield at Syferkuil, but at Dalmada cowpea yield was reduced. Maize grain yield was significantly affected by the cropping system at both Syferkuil and Dalmada. At both locations, the yields of all the intercropped maize were lower than those of the sole crop maize. The dry matter production of different cropping systems was generally similar during the different sampling dates.
the National Research Foundation,and the Gauteng Department of Agriculture Conservation and Environment
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Heckenberger, Martin. "Identification of essentially derived varieties in maize (Zea mays L.) using molecular markers, morphological traits, and heterosis". [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11514040.

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Soleri, Daniela. "Developing methodologies to understand farmer-managed maize folk varieties and farmer seed selection in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284781.

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Collaborative plant breeding (CPB) is an approach to crop improvement incorporating close attention to local biophysical and sociocultural environments and interaction between farmers and plant breeders. CPB may have particular potential for improvement in highly stress-prone environments and for low-resource, traditionally based agricultural communities, situations where more conventional approaches have not been effective. However, CPB will require methodological adjustments or innovations relevant to the smaller scale of its target area and its participatory approach. This study investigated methodologies useful to CPB, working with maize farmers from two communities in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. A method for rapid estimation of broad sense heritability (H) was applied in farmers' maize fields. H estimates for morphophenological traits were compared with narrow sense heritability (h2) from half sib family analysis of five of the same populations and with published estimates. Absolute values of H were larger than h2 from this study and the literature, however trait ranking was the same as in the literature, but differed from h2 rankings from this study. With an understanding of their limitations, these rapid, economical estimations provide useful information for CPB work on-farm, where empirical information is frequently lacking. Collegial interaction based on the knowledge and skills of farmers and breeders will depend upon understanding those in terms relevant to each group. Methods from social and biological sciences were integrated to understand selection and its consequences from farmers' perspectives but based on concepts used by plant breeders. Information was elicited regarding farmers' perceptions of their maize populations, growing environments and expectations for response to selection. Farmers' decisions about varietal repertoires imply assessments of local genetic and environmental variation. Traits of high and low heritability are distinguished, as reflected in expected selection response. Farmers' selection practices were not always effective yet they understood the reasons for this and had no expectations for selection response in some traits given the methods available. Farmers' statements, practices and perceptions regarding selection and the genetic response of their maize populations to their selection indicate selection objectives different than may be typically assumed, suggesting a role for breeder and farmer collaboration.
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Chand, Shyam Prakash. "Effect of time of planting of traditional potato varieties on yield of intercropped potato and maize in the hills of Nepal". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243282.

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Edoka, Patrick Nixon. "Influence of leaf area development of early and mid-early maturity varieties of silage maize on dry matter yield and forage quality". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15441.

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Kenntnisse zur Blattflächenentwicklung von Silomaissorten während der Vegetationsperiode sind erforderlich, um die Ausreife der Pflanzen charakterisieren und neue Sorte bewerten zu können. Die Blattfläche ist eine Funktion von Blattzahl und Blattfläche und kann den Ertrag und die Futterqualität von Silomais in Abhängigkeit von den Umweltbedingungen in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß variieren. Ein maßgebliches Kriterium für das Erreichen einer guten Futterqualität ist die Prognose des optimalen Erntetermins. In den Jahren 2002 und 2003 wurden zwei Experimente am Standort Berge des Institutes für Pflanzenbauwissenschaften (Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin) durchgeführt, um zu zeigen, wie sich Silomaissorten der Reifegruppen früh und mittelfrüh im Blattflächenindex, in der Blattentwicklung sowie spezifischen Blattfläche unterscheiden und welche Unterschiede zwischen zwei Messmethoden zur Bestimmung des Blattflächenindexes bestehen. Unter Beachtung von Ertrag und Futterqualität haben sich bei limitiertem Wasserangebot unter den gegebenen Standortbedingungen Sorten mit einer geringeren Anzahl von Blattgenerationen (13 bis 16) als geeignet erwiesen. Um Trockenmassegehalte in der Gesamtpflanze im optimalen Bereich von 30 bis 35 % im Erntegut garantieren zu können, sollte Silomais speziell unter trocken-heißen Abreifebedingungen dann geerntet werden, wenn mindestens zwei Blätter unterhalb des Kolbenansatzes noch grün sind.
Knowledge of leaf area development of silage maize varieties during the vegetation period is useful in the characterisation of the maturity conditions of plants and in the evaluation of new varieties. Leaf area, which is a function of leaf number and leaf size may affect yield and quality parameters of silage maize at varying levels, depending on the environmental conditions under which the crops are grown. One of the criteria for obtaining good quality forage is prognosis for optimum harvest time. Two experiments were conducted in 2002 and 2003 at Berge research station, belonging to the Institute of Crop Science (Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, Humboldt-University Berlin) with the aim to assess how silage maize varieties of maturity group early and mid early differ in LAI, leaf area development, specific leaf area, what differences exist between the two methods used to measure LAI. Considering yield and forage quality, under the condition of location Berge, with limited water availability, varieties with fewer leaves (13-16) may be suitable. To maintain the whole plant dry matter content within the optimum range (30-35%), especially under drought condition, harvest time must fall within the period when at least a minimum of two leaves below the cob leaf are still green.
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Kambanje, Ardinesh. "Productivity and profitability of different maize varieties and cropping systems used in the smallholder sector of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa : implication on food security". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/6237.

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Low maize yields in the midst of abundant arable land, favourable climatic conditions, input and financial support programs, plagues smallholder maize farming in Eastern Cape Province. These scenarios have led the province to be a net importer of maize. In essence, low production may signify a mis-match between maize varieties being promoted amongst smallholder farmers and their farming system. Thus, the main objective of the study was to investigate the productivity and profitability of different maize varieties and cropping system under smallholder agriculture in selected villages of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa as well as, the implications posed on the household food security. The study sought to assess: (i) the productivity of different maize varieties and cropping systems, (ii) the effect of GM maize adoption on food security among smallholder farmers, (iii) the profitability of GM, conventional hybrids and OPV maize varieties produced by farmers under different agro-ecological conditions and (iv) the impact of different maize varieties and cropping systems on food security in the smallholder agriculture. A cross sectional quantitative-based survey study was carried out to obtain information from a total of 650 small holder farmers. The study was conducted in three local municipalities in Oliver Reginald (OR) Tambo District Municipality of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Descriptive statistics, partial factor productivity, gross margin analysis, household food insecurity access score (HFIAS), ordinal logistic and linear regression were the analytical techniques used in establishing correlations among variables. Results obtained from the survey indicated that under mono-cropping system, Genetically Modified (GM) maize variety was highly productive with an average yield of 1.9 t/ha whilst, improved OPV maize variety was productive (with an average yield of 1.6 t/ha) under mixed cropping system. Furthermore, GM maize (GM = -R418.10), and landrace (GM = -R1 140.29) maize varieties had negative gross margins whilst, conventional hybrids (GM = R5 181.21) and improved OPV (GM = R1 457.41) were profitable. There was a significant and negative correlation between use of GM maize variety and reduction of household food insecurity. GM maize varieties, improved OPV, white maize, white as well as yellow GM maize varieties had a significant impact in reducing household food insecurity; whilst using more than one variety of maize (landraces and GMO) positively influenced household food insecurity. In light of these research findings, it is recommended that, there is need to address household food security by growing improved OPVs under a mixed cropping system and GM maize under monocropping system.
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Libros sobre el tema "Maize – Varieties"

1

Cristea, M. Races of maize in Romania. Karachi, Pakistan: Published for the OICD, ARS, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture by Mrs. Geti Saad, Muhammad Ali Society, 1987.

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Neuffer, M. Gerald. Mutants of maize. Plainview, N.Y: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1997.

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Cristea, M. Races of maize in Romania =: Rasele de porumb din Romania. Karachi, Pakistan: Published for the OICD, ARS, United States Department of Agriculture by G. Saad, 1987.

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Farid, Ahmad. Impact assessment of wheat and maize varieties in Chitral. Chitral: Monitoring, Evaluation & Research (MER) Section, Aga Khan Rural Support Programme, 2002.

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Brewbaker, James L. The MIR (Maize inbred resistance) trials: Performance of tropical-adapted maize inbreds. Honolulu, Hawaii: HITAHR, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii, 1989.

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Timothy, David H. Development and spread of improved maize varieties and hybrids in developing countries. Washington, D. C: Bureau for Science and Technology, Agency for International Development, 1988.

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Ongaro, Wilfred Abuom. Adoption of new farming technology: A case study of maize production in Western Kenya. [Göteborg]: Göteborgs universitet, 1988.

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Mwabu, Germano M. Does adoption of improved maize varieties reduce poverty?: Evidence from Laikipia and Suba Districts in Kenya. Nairobi, Kenya: Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis, 2008.

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K, Joshi P., International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center. y International Fund for Agricultural Development., eds. Maize in India: Production systems, constraints, and research priorities. Mexico, D.F: CIMMYT, 2005.

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M, Smale y International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center., eds. Farmers' evaluation of newly released maize cultivars in Malawi: A comparison of local maize, semi-flint, and dent hybrids. Lilongwe, Malawi: CIMMYT, 1993.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Maize – Varieties"

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Maiti, Ratikanta, Humberto González Rodríguez, Ch Aruna Kumari, Sameena Begum y Dasari Rajkumar. "Improvement of Maize: Maize Varieties and Hybrid Maize Technology". En Advances in Maize Science, 239–50. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003104995-11.

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Dong, Hai-xiao, Zhao Li, Guang-hui Hu, Ya-ping Yuan y Zhi-wu Zhang. "The genetic architecture and breeding towards cold tolerance in maize: review." En Molecular breeding in wheat, maize and sorghum: strategies for improving abiotic stress tolerance and yield, 282–94. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245431.0016.

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Abstract This chapter reviews the global adaptation of maize, the effect of cold stress, existing cold-tolerant or cold-sensitive maize varieties or mutants, research on linkage analysis, and genome-wide association studies and gene expression profiling in maize cold response. In addition, the potential usage of genomic selection to accelerate the breeding process is explored. The objectives are to integrate knowledge for the benefit of geneticists to understand the genetic architecture of cold tolerance and for breeders to select 'hyper-tolerant' maize varieties adapted to broader and changeable environments.
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Badu-Apraku, Baffour, M. A. B. Fakorede, A. O. Talabi, E. Obeng-Bio, S. G. N. Tchala y S. A. Oyekale. "Quantitative genetics, molecular techniques and agronomic performance of provitamin a maize in sub-Saharan Africa." En Quantitative genetics, genomics and plant breeding, 276–324. 2a ed. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789240214.0276.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on quantitative genetics, screening of germplasm collection at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, genetic diversity, genetic variation of provitamin A content in maize. Inheritance, heritability, genotype-by-environment for carotenoid content, population improvement, development of open-pollinated varieties were also discussed. Agronomic performance, stress tolerance, combining ability, heterosis were also conducted in sub-Saharan Africa. It may be concluded that maize in sub-Saharan Africa can be effectively subjected to genetic enhancement of provitamin A, along with other mineral components of the kernel and the plant traits for sustainable, high-quality food sufficiency to drastically reduce hunger and malnutrition.
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Kori, Dumisani Shoko, Joseph Francis y Jethro Zuwarimwe. "Intangible and Indirect Costs of Adaptation to Climate Variability Among Maize Farmers: Chirumanzu District, Zimbabwe". En African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 397–422. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_189.

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AbstractMaize farming in resettlement areas of Chirumanzu District of Zimbabwe is vulnerable to climatic variations. The Government of Zimbabwe encourages maize farmers in resettlement areas to adapt to climate variability through conservation farming and diversification among other measures. It is envisaged that the measures will improve maize farmers’ resilience and ability to safeguard food and nutrition security in the country. However, the process of adaptation is dynamic, complex, and multifaceted in nature. Several problems and dangers accompany the process of adaptation. The problems and dangers are associated with intangible and indirect costs. The focus of this chapter is to explore intangible and indirect costs associated with measures adopted by maize farmers in resettlement areas of Chirumanzu in Zimbabwe. Fifty-four maize farmers from four resettlement wards provided the data through semi-structured interviews. Diversification, changing planting dates, use of drought tolerant varieties were some of the measures adopted. Several problems and dangers accompanied the adaptation measures adopted. Intangible costs such as pain and suffering, embarrassment, ridicule, and stereotyping were experienced. Indirect costs including additional and unplanned costs were also encountered. This chapter concludes that intangible and indirect costs associated with adaptation may result in reduced adaptive capacity and resilience of maize farmers. Therefore, national governments should exercise extreme caution and desist from only encouraging farmers to adapt. Rather, they should consider intangible and indirect costs involved while providing solutions to reduce them to avoid situations where farmers are worse off while facilitating sustainable adaptation.
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Badu-Apraku, Baffour y M. A. B. Fakorede. "Population Improvement and Development of Open-Pollinated Varieties". En Advances in Genetic Enhancement of Early and Extra-Early Maize for Sub-Saharan Africa, 67–110. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64852-1_5.

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Chakma, Nidhi, Moutoshi Chakraborty, Salma Bhyan y Mobashwer Alam. "Molecular breeding for combating salinity stress in sorghum: progress and prospects." En Molecular breeding in wheat, maize and sorghum: strategies for improving abiotic stress tolerance and yield, 421–32. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245431.0024.

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Abstract This chapter discusses current progress and prospects of molecular breeding and strategies for developing better saline-tolerant sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) varieties. Most molecular breeding techniques for salt tolerance have been carried out in controlled environments where the plants were not exposed to any variation of the surrounding environment, producing reliable results. Due to the polygenic nature of salt tolerance, the identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) could be false QTLs. Therefore, QTL validation is important in different plant populations and field conditions. Subsequently, marker validation is important before utilizing marker-assisted selection for screening salt-tolerant plants. Combining molecular breeding with conventional breeding can hasten the development of salt-tolerant sorghum varieties.
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Fernandez, Cassandria Tay, Jacob Marsh, Mônica Furaste Danilevicz, Clémentine Mercé y David Edwards. "Application of pangenomics for wheat molecular breeding." En Molecular breeding in wheat, maize and sorghum: strategies for improving abiotic stress tolerance and yield, 236–46. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245431.0013.

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Abstract This chapter discusses the application of pangenomics for molecular breeding of wheat. Pangenomes can be used by both researchers and breeders alike to develop elite wheat cultivars through the discovery and integration of genetic variations associated with agronomically beneficial traits. By providing a reference that accommodates for variation in individuals, variants whose presence and/or absence control abiotic stress resistance and yield can be identified. This tool has only become more informative as more wheat varieties are sequenced, new sequencing approaches such as long-read sequencing and genome mapping are utilized, and tools for pangenomic analysis are developed. With pangenomics, variable genes from wild wheat relatives and related species can be used to optimize wheat molecular breeding and develop improved varieties tailored for the changing global environment.
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Yacoubi, Inès, Emna Khanfir, Karama Hamdi y Faïçal Brini. "Recent advancement of molecular breeding for improving salinity tolerance in wheat." En Molecular breeding in wheat, maize and sorghum: strategies for improving abiotic stress tolerance and yield, 39–50. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245431.0003.

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Abstract This chapter provides an outline of the mechanisms of wheat salinity tolerance and discusses the challenges of several breeding programmes that are in progress with regard to durum (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) and bread wheats using the integration of trait-based and molecular selection for delivering improved wheat varieties adapted to saline conditions.
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Prasanna, B. M. "Developing and Deploying Abiotic Stress-Tolerant Maize Varieties in the Tropics: Challenges and Opportunities". En Molecular Breeding for Sustainable Crop Improvement, 61–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27090-6_3.

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Mujeyi, Kingstone y Angeline Mujeyi. "Fostering Climate Smartness in Smallholder Farming Systems: Business Promotional Approaches for Improved Maize Varieties in Eastern and Southern Africa". En Handbook of Climate Change Resilience, 2225–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93336-8_24.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Maize – Varieties"

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Dinis, Isabel, Pedro Mendes-Moreira y Susanne Padel. "DEVELOPING MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR FOOD DIVERSITY: A CASE-STUDY IN NORTHERN PORTUGAL". En RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.233.

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Vale do Sousa is a heterogeneous territory located in the North Region of Portugal. Until a few decades ago, the economy was based on small-scale farming with maize for bread (Broa) as one important crop. Each community had its own maize varieties and practices, which were reflected in the composition, shape, size and flavour of local Broa. In the last decades, the abandonment of agriculture was noticeable, leading to a progressive decrease in maize production and to genetic erosion. More recently, local stakeholders became aware of the important role that landraces and biodiverse food can play in local development and have engaged in finding new opportunities for a sustainable Broa value chain development in Vale do Sousa region. This paper aims at identifying opportunities and bottlenecks in the marketing of regional Broa. It uses a case study approach that, unlike the majority of the research in this area, covers the whole supply chain and includes needs and expectations of farmers, processors, consumers and their networks. The main problem identified by local actors is that traditional varieties are less productive, leading farmers to favour commercial maize varieties less suitable for baking. At the processing level, local actors raised the question of legislation, arguing that, in Portugal, European rules on food safety are not realistically applied to endogenous food products. The results also show that final consumers as well as restaurants recognize the quality of traditional Broa and seem to be willing to pay a price premium to reward farmers for using traditional varieties.
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Leonov D.V., D. V. y I. Ya Pigorev I. Ya. "Maize varieties and hybrids in the conditions of agriculture in the Kursk region". En Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-51.

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an assessment of the conditions of cultivation of corn for grain and green fodder in the black earth forest-steppe of Russia is given. The range of maize varieties and hybrids in the structure of sown areas of the Kursk region in 2020 is considered. The analysis of seed material by quality and origin was carried out.
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Chi, Guirong. "Using ultra-weak luminescence to evaluate NaCl stress resistance of maize varieties". En Photonics and Optoelectronics Meetings 2009, editado por Qingming Luo, Lihong V. Wang, Valery V. Tuchin, Pengcheng Li y Ling Fu. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.843402.

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Boniecki, P., K. Nowakowski y R. Tomczak. "Neural networks type MLP in the process of identification chosen varieties of maize". En 3rd International Conference on Digital Image Processing, editado por Ting Zhang. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.896184.

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Davoyan, R. O., A. S. Zinchenko, E. R. Davoyan, I. V. Bebyakina, D. S. Mikov, Yu S. Zubanova, D. M. Boldakov, V. I. Basov y A. A. Zelenskaya. "Use of haploid technologies in breading of common wheat of national center of grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko". En 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plmic2020.058.

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In order to obtain doubled haploids (DH) homozygous lines of common wheat in National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko (NCG) the methods of selective elimination of chromosomes of maize in genome of intergenal hybrid embryos and anther culture are used. During the 2016-2019 years more than 1,500 diploid lines of 26 varieties of winter common wheat were produced.
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Davoyan, R. O., A. S. Zinchenko, E. R. Davoyan, I. V. Bebyakina, D. S. Mikov, Yu S. Zubanova, D. M. Boldakov, V. I. Basov y A. A. Zelenskaya. "Use of haploid technologies in breading of common wheat of national center of grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko". En 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.058.

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In order to obtain doubled haploids (DH) homozygous lines of common wheat in National Center of Grain named after P.P. Lukyanenko (NCG) the methods of selective elimination of chromosomes of maize in genome of intergenal hybrid embryos and anther culture are used. During the 2016-2019 years more than 1,500 diploid lines of 26 varieties of winter common wheat were produced.
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"Application of ISSR markers for study of genetic polymorphism of dark grain maize varieties". En Current Challenges in Plant Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Biotechnology. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk State University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/icg-plantgen2019-10.

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Wei, Zhenlin. "Ultra-weak luminescence is a sensitive method to evaluate cadmium resistance of maize varieties". En International Conference of Optical Instrument and Technology, editado por Shenghua Ye, Guangjun Zhang y Jun Ni. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.807005.

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Damar Jaya, I. Komang. "Strip intercropping productivity of modern maize hybrid varieties with pulse crops on a dryland". En 1st International Conference Postgraduate School Universitas Airlangga : "Implementation of Climate Change Agreement to Meet Sustainable Development Goals" (ICPSUAS 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icpsuas-17.2018.27.

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Dima, Milica, Aurelia Diaconu, Reta Drăghici, Drăghici Iulian y Matei Gheorghe. "ASPECTS CONCERNING PEANUTS CROPS ON SANDY SOILS IN SOUTHERN OLTENIA". En GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/34.

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"For the capitalization of the climate and soil conditions for the sandy soil region in Southern Oltenia by cultivating peanuts it is necessary to use varieties with large production abilities and proper technology for the crops. In view of its cultivation on south Oltenia sandy soils, there were carried out in the period 2004-2006, at the Plants Crops Research and Development Station on Sandy Soils Dabuleni, experiments have been set regarding aspects such as: the optimal seeding period, the recommendation varieties with high yield potential and balanced composition. The research was conducted under irrigation conditions, in a three-year rotation of wheat, peanut, maize. Along with erect growth type varieties, known for their short vegetation period, rising and creeping growth type varieties can also be used; these varieties have a great production potential in our country`s conditions. Establishing the proper time for seeding is espe since sandy soils are heating quickly but are also cooling quickly, the best seeding time is between the end of April- the beginning of May, depending on the date when the seeding depth has a steady temperature, minimal required for the seed to germinate."
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Informes sobre el tema "Maize – Varieties"

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Agronomic performance of open pollinated and hybrid maize varieties: Results from on-farm trials in northern Ghana. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/1024319808.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Performance and adoption factors for open pollinated and hybrid maize varieties: Evidence from farmers’ fields in northern Ghana. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/1024320072.

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Amzeri, Achmad, B. S. DARYONO y M. SYAFII. GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT AND STABILITY ANALYSES OF DRYLAND MAIZE HYBRIDS. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, septiembre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2020.2.

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The phenotypic analysis of new candidate varieties at multiple locations could provide information on the stability of their genotypes. We evaluated the stability of 11 maize hybrid candidates in five districts in East Java Province, Indonesia. Maize hybrids with high yield potential and early maturity traits derived from a diallel cross were planted in a randomized complete block design with two checks (Srikandi Kuning and BISI-2) as a single factor with four replicates. The observed traits were grain yield per hectare and harvest age. The effects of environment, genotype, and genotype × environment interaction on yield were highly significant (P < 0.01). KTM-1, KTM-2, KTM-4, KTM-5, and KTM-6 showed higher average grain yield per hectare than the checks (Srikandi Kuning = 8.49 ton ha−1 and BISI-2 = 7.32 ton ha−1) at five different locations. The average harvest age of 11 candidates was less than 100 days. KTM-4 and KTM-5 had production yields that were higher than the average yield of all genotypes in all environments (Yi > 7.78 tons ha−1) and were considered stable on the basis of three stability parameters, i.e., Finlay–Wilkinson, Eberhart–Russell, and additive main effect multiplicative interaction (AMMI). KTM-2 had the highest yield among all tested genotypes (9.33 ton ha−1) and was considered as stable on the basis of AMMI but not on the basis of Finlay–Wilkinson and Eberhart–Russell. KTM-1 performed well only in Pamekasan, whereas KTM-6 performed well only in Sampang. Thus, these two genotypes could be targeted for these specific locations.
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Amzeri, Achmad, Kaswan Badami y Gita Pawana. Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis) in crossing of Madura Maize Plant (Zea mays L.). Innovative Scientific Information & Services Network, mayo de 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2019.1.

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Hybridization of Back cross is one method to get varieties that are resistant to downy mildew. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on inheritance characteristics of downy mildew resistance. This research was conducted at the experiment center of Agro-Technology Study Program of Agriculture Faculty, University of Trunojoyo Madura. Research of Assessment of resistance to Downy Mildew used a randomized block design with 18 treatments (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2 in three sets of crosses, namely LGL x Mdr-3, T12 x Mdr-1 and E02 x Mdr-2) and three replications so there were 54 experimental units. Identification of polymorphic RAPD markers for endurance to downy mildew through Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) was done by amplifying the DNA in the resistant pool and susceptible pool. The random primers used were 120 primers from 6 operon groups, namely OPA, OPB, OPC, OPD, OPF and OPG. The results showed that the inheritance pattern of maize genetic resistance to downy mildew followed a segregation pattern of 3:1 with a degree of dominance between -1 and 0, and was controlled by incomplete partially negative dominant gene. OPC-07 was a marker that was linkage close to the resistance to downy mildew with a genetic distance of 1.9 cM.
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