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1

Almeida, Isabel Maria Castelhano Claro de. "Técnicas realistas nas obras autobiográficas de Sindiwe Magona". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2755.

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Nos últimos anos temos assistido ao reavivar do realismo, no entanto, este tem sido hifenizado com tantos outros termos que assumiu um significado ambíguo. Tentarei, ao longo deste trabalho, classificar o termo realismo e mostrar as suas técnicas adaptadas à autobiografia. Nas obras autobiográficas de Sindiwe Magona To My Children’s Children e Forced to Grow obtemos um relato verídico do que foi, para uma mulher negra, crescer e viver na África do Sul. Estes trabalhos autobiográficos irão ser analisados à luz da perspectiva realista tendo em conta as características próprias da autobiografia. ABSTRACT: In the last few years Realism has been revived assuming almost an ‘elastic’ meaning and has been hyphenated with many words. I intend to clarify the meaning of Realism and how its techniques will appear in autobiographies. In the autobiographical works by Sindiwe Magona To My Children’s Children and Forced to Grow we will get a faithful account of what it was for a black woman to grow up and live in South Africa. These autobiographical works will be analysed through a Realist perspective albeit with attention to the characteristics of autobiographical writing as well.

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2

Escobar, Elsa Carina da Silva. "Maternidade, fuga e realização pessoal na obra de Sindiwe Magona". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17727.

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Mestrado em Estudos Ingleses
Na minha dissertação, “Maternidade, Fuga e Realização Pessoal na Obra de Sindiwe Magona”, optei por não me debruçar exaustivamente sobre cada um dos livros da autora sul-africana, mas sim por analisar em cada um deles os aspectos relevantes para o desenvolvimento das temáticas que se pretendia evidenciar. Subjacente a este trabalho está a certeza de que a obra de Sindiwe Magona se reveste de grande importância para a compreensão da história recente de um país de grandes contrastes – a África do Sul – e, sobretudo para um melhor entendimento daquilo que era a vida da população negra sob o regime do apartheid. Analiso a obra de Magona com base em três aspectos que surgem como fulcrais ao desenvolvimento das suas histórias, três aspectos que são recorrentemente focados em todos os seus livros: a figura materna e o papel por ela desempenhado, as estratégias de fuga ou de resistência aos problemas advindos sobretudo da segregação racial e, finalmente, a forma como a realização pessoal é expressa no conjunto da obra.
In my dissertation, “Motherhood, Escape and Self-improvement in Sindiwe Magona’s Work”, I chose not to focus on each of Magona’s books, but instead I decided to look at their most relevant aspects in order to develop the themes that I intended to examine. Underlying this work there is the certainty that Sindiwe Magona’s work is of particular relevance in the understanding of the recent history of a country full of contrasts – South Africa – and mainly towards the understanding of what black Africans had to endure during the apartheid period. I approach Magona’s work based on three aspects which appear to be essential to the development of her stories, three aspects which are frequently addressed in all her books: the mother figure and her role, strategies to escape or to resist problems, mainly those caused by racial segregation, and finally the way individual self improvement is expressed in the whole of her work.

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?VILA, Maiara De Souza Nunes. "Plantas do Semi?rido Baiano para Produ??o de Biodiesel". UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA, 2014. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/102.

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Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB
The biodiesel is an alternative to petrochemicals and derivatives because it is produced from renewable sources, as vegetable oils and animal fat, and reduces the level of pollutant emissions in the diesel. The investigation of alternative sources of triglycerides for biodiesel production has been extensively explored. In this work, seeds of 26 of different plant species (Leguminosae, Myrtaceae, Celastraceae, Chrysobalanaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae) of the semiarid region of the State of Bahia were collected and the oil extracted for studies as alternative source for the production of biodiesel. The present work selected the most promising plant species for the production of biodiesel, using the chromatography methods CG-MS and CG-FID to identify the fatty acids in the oils, followed by the physical-chemical characterization of the oils from the most promiing species: Syagrus coronata, Dilodendron bipinnatum, (mamoninha) and Magonia pubescens (timb?). Thus, acid index, saponification index, peroxide value, iodine index, and refractive index were determined. Because presents better physical-chemical characteristics, the oil of ?Timb?? was selected for the experiment about the best process conditions to produce ?Timb?? biodiesel in order to improve methyl esters production (% m/m). ?Timb?? biodiesel was produced by methanol route using alcohol/oil molar ratio 8:1, the concentration of catalyst was 0,5 wt%. The values determined for the physical-chemical parameters of the Timb? Methyl Biodiesel (BMT) are within the limits established by the National Agency for Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels ? ANP, except for acid index, total glycerin and kinematic viscosity.
O biodiesel ? uma alternativa em rela??o ao petr?leo e seus derivados j? que ? obtido de fontes renov?veis, como ?leos vegetais e gorduras animais e reduz a emiss?o de compostos poluentes presentes no diesel. A investiga??o de fontes alternativas de triglicer?deos para a produ??o de biodiesel tem sido bastante explorada. Neste sentido, sementes de 26 esp?cies de plantas (Leguminosae, Myrtaceae, Celastraceae, Chrysobalanaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae) encontradas na regi?o semi?rida da Bahia foram coletadas e o ?leo extra?do para estudar quanto a sua viabilidade para uso em biodiesel. Foram selecionadas as esp?cies vegetais mais promissoras para a produ??o de biodiesel, utilizando os m?todos cromatogr?ficos CG-MS e CG-FID como ferramentas para identificar os ?cidos graxos presentes nos ?leos, seguido pela caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica dos ?leos das esp?cies consideradas mais promissoras Syagrus coronata, Dilodendron bipinnatum, a mamoninha e Magonia pubescens, o timb?, determinando ?ndice de acidez, ?ndice de saponifica??o, ?ndice de per?xido, ?ndice de iodo e ?ndice de refra??o. Por apresentar boas caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas, o ?leo de ?timb?? foi selecionado para a realiza??o de experimento sobre as melhores condi??es operacionais para produzir biodiesel, visando melhorar o rendimento de ?steres (%m/m). O biodiesel de timb? foi obtido por rota met?lica, utilizando rela??o molar ?lcool:?leo 8:1 e a concentra??o do catalisador foi de 0,5% em rela??o ? massa de ?leo. Os valores determinados para os par?metros f?sico-qu?micos do biodiesel met?lico de timb? (BMT) encontram-se dentro dos limites estabelecidos pela Ag?ncia Nacional de Petr?leo, G?s Natural e Biocombust?vel (ANP), por?m o processo de transesterifica??o necessita de alguns ajustes para melhorar o ?ndice de acidez, glicerina total e viscosidade cinem?tica.

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4

VALOTTO, Cleyde Ferreira Barreto. "Estudo das alterações morohistológicas em larvas de Aedes aegypti submetidas ao tanino catéquino isolado da Magonia pubescene (Sapindaceae) e ao diterpeno de Copaifera reticulata(Leguminosae)". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1571.

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The dengue and yellow fever are caused by Flavivirus, and are an importants problems in public health in the range of tropical and subtropical world. There is only available vaccine for yellow fever. The transmission of both diseases to humans is by the bite of female Aedes aegypti. The vector control is done through the elimination of breeding potential, application of larvicides in collections of water for adults vectors space applications of insecticides. The problems arising from continuous use of chemical insecticides have been the emergence of resistant populations to these products and concern about the environmental damage caused by slow degradation. In search of alternatives for the vector control, studies are being developed with substances of botanical origin, with the aim to control the vectors and preserve the environment. The use of natural insecticides has some advantages when compared to synthetic because they are renewable and have rapid degradation. Moreover, its composition is quite complex, reducing the speed of emergence of resistance and be of low toxicity to mammals, birds and environment. This study presents the morphohistologic and ultrastructural changes of catechist tannin extracted from Magonia pubescens, and the Diterpene extracted from Copaifera reticulata on the larvae of A. aegypti with the objective to evidence the mechanisms of action of these substances. For light microscopy, the 3rd stage larvae were subjected to a solution of catechist tannin 37ppm and the diterpene 9ppm, where they remained for up to 24h. Larvae that reached lethargic state were collected and fixed in 4% in the paraformoldehyde buffer 0.1 M sodium cacodilate pH 7.2, included in resin and the slides stained with hematoxylineosin technique. For electron microscopy, larvae were subjected to the same concentrations of catechist tannin and diterpene, where they remained for 22 h. Larvae that reached lethargic state were collected and dissected and their gut fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde, 2% paraformoldehyde, 3% sucrose in sodium buffer cacodilate 0.1 M pH 7.2 and post fixed in osmium tetroxide at 1% in cacodilate sodium 0.1 M. After this they were contrasted with uranyl acetate 1%, dehydrated, embedded and polymerized. The ultra sections were contrasted with uranyl acetate 3% and lead citrate and were caracterized by eletron microscopy. The changes caused by catechist tannin observed by light 20 and electron microscopy were high vacuolation, absence of cytoplasmic limits, cellular aging, cell disruption, vesicular apical formation with release of cytoplasmic content, increase in intercellular spaces, detachment of cells from the basal lamina and structural change of microvilli. Changes by diterpene by light and electron microscopy were high cytoplasmic vacuolation, cells and nuclei hypertrophy, degeneration of the edge brush, vesicular apical formation with release of cytoplasmic contents of cells, stratification of the epithelium and folds in the peritrophic matrix.
A dengue e a febre amarela urbana são doenças causadas por Flavivirus, constituindo problemas de importância em saúde pública nas faixas tropical e subtropical do mundo. Há apenas vacina disponível para a febre amarela. A transmissão de ambas as doenças ao homem se faz pela picada da fêmea de Aedes aegypti. O controle do vetor é feito através da eliminação dos criadouros potenciais, aplicação de larvicidas em coleções de água e, para os adultos, aplicações espaciais de inseticidas. Os problemas originados do uso contínuo de inseticidas químicos foram o aparecimento de populações resistentes a esses produtos e a preocupação com os danos ambientais provocados pela degradação lenta destes produtos. Na busca de alternativas de controle ao vetor, estudos estão sendo desenvolvidos com substâncias de origem botânica, com o intuito de controlar os vetores e preservar o meio ambiente. A utilização dos inseticidas naturais tem algumas vantagens quando comparados aos sintéticos, por serem renováveis e de degradação rápida. Além disso, a sua composição é bastante complexa, diminuindo a velocidade do aparecimento de resistência e é de baixa toxicidade para mamíferos, aves e meio ambiente. Neste trabalho, apresentam-se as alterações morfohistológicas e ultraestruturais do tanino catéquico extraído da Magonia pubescens, e do Diterpeno extraído da Copaifera reticulata sobre as larvas de A. aegypti a fim de evidenciar os mecanismos de ação dessas substâncias. Para a microscopia de luz, larvas de 3° estádio foram submetidas a soluções a 37ppm de tanino catéquico e 9ppm do diterpeno, onde permaneceram por até 24h. As larvas que atingiram estado letárgico foram coletadas e fixadas em paraformaldeído a 4% em tampão cacodilato de sódio 0.1 M pH 7.2, incluídas em resina e as lâminas coradas pela técnica de Hematoxilina-eosina. Para a microscopia eletrônica, as larvas foram submetidas às mesmas concentrações do tanino catéquico e diterpeno, onde permaneceram por 22 h. As larvas que atingiram estado letárgico foram coletadas e dissecadas e seus tubos digestórios fixados em 2% glutaraldeído, 2% paraformaldeído, 3% sacarose em tampão cacodilato de sódio 0.1 M pH 7.2 e pós fixado em tetróxido de ósmio 1% em cacodilato de sódio 0.1M. Em seguida foram contrastados com acetato de uranila a 1%, desidratados, emblocados e polimerizados. Os cortes 18 ultrafinos foram contrastados com acetato de uranila 3% e citrato de chumbo, depois eletromicrografados. As alterações causadas pelo tanino catéquico observadas pela microscopia de luz e eletrônica foram a alta vacuolização, ausência dos limites citoplasmáticos, morte por autofagia, desorganização celular, formação vesicular apical com liberação de conteúdo citoplasmático, aumento do espaço intercelular, desprendimento de células da lâmina basal e mudança estrutural dos microvilos. As alterações pelo diterpeno, pela microscopia de luz e eletrônica foram alta vacuolização citoplasmática, hipertrofia celular e dos núcleos, degeneração do bordo em escova, formação vesicular apical com liberação de conteúdo citoplasmático das células, estratificação do epitélio e dobras na matriz peritrófica.

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5

Olinda, Tiago Moreira de. "Atividade gastroprotetora do 2-O-Metil-L-inositol isolado de Magonia Glabrata St. Hill: PossÃveis mecanismos". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3096.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
O 2-O-metil-L-inoitol, tambÃm conhecido como Quebrachitol (QCT), isolado da casca dos frutos (pericarpo) de Magonia glabrata St. Hill (Sapindaceae), popularmente conhecida como tingui-de-bola, foi avaliada em modelos de lesÃes gÃstricas induzidas por etanol e indometacina em camundongos. QCT (12,5; 25 e 50 mg/Kg, v.o.) reduziu significativamente (p < 0,05) as lesÃes gÃstricas induzidas por etanol absoluto (0,2 mL/animal) em 69, 64 e 53 % respectivamente. QCT (12,5 e 25 mg/Kg, v.o.) tambÃm reduziu significativamente as lesÃes gÃstricas induzidas por indometacina (30 mg/Kg, v.o.). O mecanismo gastroprotetor do QCT foi analisado na sua dose de 25 mg/Kg, em modelo de lesÃes gÃstricas induzidas por etanol em camundongos. Em animais prÃ-tratados com L-NAME (20 mg/Kg, i.p.), um inibidor da Ãxido nÃtrico sintase, ou com glibenclamida (5 mg/Kg, i.p.), droga bloqueadora de canais de potÃssio ATP-dependentes (KATP), o efeito gastroprotetor de QCT (25 mg/Kg, v.o.) foi inibido significativamente (p < 0,05), sugerindo o papel do Ãxido nÃtrico e demonstrando uma provÃvel ativaÃÃo dos canais de potÃssio no seu efeito gastroprotetor. De forma semelhante, o efeito gastroprotetor de QCT (25 mg/Kg, v.o.) foi revertido, de maneira significativa (p < 0,05), em camundongos prÃ-tratados com indometacina (10 mg/Kg, v.o.), um inibidor nÃo seletivo da ciclooxigenase, demonstrando assim o papel das prostaglandinas endÃgenas. QCT (25 mg/Kg, v.o.) nÃo foi revertido em camundongos prÃ-tratados com capsazepina (5 mg/Kg, i.p.), um antagonista dos receptores vanilÃides TRPV1, nÃo demonstrando a participaÃÃo dos receptores TRPV1 no mecanismo de aÃÃo do QCT. A aÃÃo gastroprotetora do QCT (25 mg/Kg, v.o.) envolve, em parte, uma aÃÃo antioxidante uma vez que esta foi capaz de restabelecer, de forma parcial, mas significativa (p < 0,05), os nÃveis de grupos NP-SH gÃstricos, que sÃo depletados pelo etanol. Contudo, QCT nÃo alterou o volume e pH da secreÃÃo gÃstrica, quando avaliados no modelo da ligadura pilÃrica em ratos e, tÃo pouco, alterou o esvaziamento gÃstrico, quando avaliado no modelo do vermelho de fenol, em camundongos. Os dados obtidos sugerem que o QCT promove gastroproteÃÃo contra as lesÃes gÃstricas induzidas por etanol e indometacina em camundongos, por mecanismos que incluem o envolvimento de prostaglandinas endÃgenas, Ãxido nÃtrico e ou, dos canais de KATP, alÃm de uma aÃÃo antioxidante.
2-O-metil-L-inositol as well known as quebrachitol (QCT) isolated from Magonia glabrata St.Hillâs pericarp (Sapindaceae), spread by the popular alias âtingui-de-bolaâ was evaluated in ethanol and indometacin-induced gastric lesions models in mice. QCT (12,5, 25 and 50 mg/Kg, v.o.) significantly (p < 0,05) reduced gastric lesions induced through administration of ethanol (0,2 mL/animal) in the order of 69, 64 and 53% respectively. QCT (12 and 25mg/Kg, v.o.) also reduced indometacin-induced gastric injuries. The possible mechanism of gastroprotection was accessed through ethanol-induced gastric lesions model in mice and the dose of 25 mg/Kg of QCT was chosen. Pre-treatment of the animals with L-NAME (20 mg/Kg, i.p.), nitric oxide sintase inhibitor, or glibenclamide (5 mg/Kg, i.p.), Potassium ATP-dependent channel blocker (KATP), inhibits QCTâs gastroprotective effect which suggests a participation of NO and activation of KATP on QCTâs gastroprotection. On the same way, QCTâs gastroprotection was abolished when animals were pre-treated with indometacin (10 mg/Kg, v.o.), a non-selective inhibitor of ciclooxigenase, which demonstrates the role of endogen prostaglandins. QCTâs effect was not abolished when animals were pre-treated with capsazepine (5 mg/Kg, i.p.) which indicates that vanilloid receptors TRPV1 are not involved on QCTâs benefic activities. QCTâs gastroprotective activity involves at least in part an antioxidant action, once this drug was capable to reestablish the NP-SH gastric levels which had been depleted after ethanol administration. Nevertheless, QCT did not altered gastric secretion pH when evaluated by pylorus ligature model in rats and also have not altered gastric emptying process in phenol red model in mice. The data shown suggest that QCT promotes gastroprotection against ethanol and indometacin-induced gastric lesion in mice and endogen prostaglandins, nitric oxide and or KATP channels may play a role besides an antioxidant activity.

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6

Magocha, Keoneng Know. "Evaluation in business discourse / Keoneeng [i.e. Keoneng] K. Magocha". Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4901.

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The aim of the thesis is to explore, from a linguistic perspective, the construction and maintenance of interaction in documents in which directives are conveyed in business communication correspondence, in order to input directly into the pedagogic practice in written business communication. The focus is research into ways of scaffolding relationships in documents for correspondence, an area that represents an important aspect of language use in business communication practice. The data for the study includes letters, memoranda and saving rams in which directives are conveyed written by writers of English as a second language and following various channels of communication. Two methods are used to extract the relevant data in which evaluative meanings are conveyed. These are Wordsmith to extract evaluative and patterns and a manual analysis to identify the evaluative structures of the texts. The linguistic construal of interpersonal scaffolding is investigated drawing on the model of APPRAISAL (Martin, 2000), which is located within the Hallidayan grammar as the theoretical point of departure. The choice of language used in the texts is interrogated and interpreted with reference to the theory. analysis focuses on the linguistic systems that appropriately serve or construe the interactive function of language and addresses issues such as kinds of semantic values that are conveyed, the patterns in which they are expressed and their texture. The objective is not to make generalizations about how writers of documents manage interaction and persuade their recipients to carry out the actions they desire. Rather the aim is to develop a theoretical framework to explain the evaluative strategies that are encoded in the texts and the implications of choosing amongst different strategies. ii The thesis therefore contributes a theoretically motivated and dynamic explanation of the ways in which interaction is managed in the context of texts in which directives are communicated especially amongst Batswana writing in the English language. From a pedagogic perspective the explanations of managing interaction developed in the study provide insights and resources for teachers of business communication writing to assist them in modelling evaluative strategies in business correspondence writing and helping their students to develop effective written communication strategies.
Thesis (Ph.D. (English)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

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Vilela, Fernando José. "Desenvolvimento de um condicionador de solos com valor agregado a partir da biomassa de Magonia pubescens". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2017. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/23507.

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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologias Química e Biológica, 2017.
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Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver um condicionador de solos a partir da biomassa de Magonia pubescens, uma planta típica do cerrado brasileiro. Foi aplicado a biomassa um tratamento químico oxidativo e posterior secagem. Foi avaliada a composição química do condicionador de solos produzido, as propriedades físico-químicas de capacidade de troca catiônica e capacidade de retenção de água, assim como foram realizados ensaios com aplicação diretamente em dois solos, sendo um com textura arenosa e outro com textura argilosa. Os resultados indicaram que o tratamento químico oxidativo empregado permite a obtenção de um material com composição majoritariamente holocelulósica, assim como foi evidenciado que o condicionador de solos produzido apresenta capacidade de retenção de água de 35 g.g-1 e 471 mmolc.kg-1 de capacidade de troca catiônica. Os testes com aplicação de 1% do condicionador produzido nos dois solos selecionados evidenciaram que no solo argiloso, o condicionador de solos elevou a água total disponível de 0,175 g.g-1 para 0,258 g.g-1, o que representou um aumento de 47%. Quando aplicado em no solo arenoso, observou-se uma elevação da água total disponível ainda mais acentuado, aumentando de 0,035 g.g-1 para 0,060 g.g-1, representando um aumento de 71%. Os ensaios de lixiviação realizados em colunas evidenciaram que o condicionador de solos desenvolvido reduziu a lixiviação dos nutrientes cálcio, potássio, enxofre, zinco e boro, evidenciando que a utilização do mesmo no solo resulta em um aumento na capacidade de retenção de nutrientes. Os resultados dos testes realizados evidenciam que o material produzido se apresenta como um produto potencial para o mercado de condicionador de solos.
This study aimed to develop a soil conditioner from Magonia pubescens biomass, a typical plant from Brazilian savanna. It was used an oxidative chemical treatment and subsequent drying was applied. After evaluation of the chemical composition of the produced soil conditioner, the physic-chemical properties of cation exchange capacity and water holding capacity, as well as directly application tests were performed in two soils, one with sandy texture and one with clayey . The results indicated that the employed oxidative chemical treatment allows to obtain a material mainly composed by holocellulose, as evidenced by the soil conditioner produced presents water retention capacity of 35 g.g-1 and 471 mmolc.kg-1 of capacity cation exchange. Tests with application of 1% conditioner produced in two selected soils showed that the clay soil, the soil conditioner brought the total water available 0.175 g.g-1 to 0.258 g.g-1, which represented an increase of 47%. When applied to the sandy soil, there was an increase of the total water available even higher, increasing from 0.035 g.g-1 to 0.060 g.g-1, an increase of 71%. The leach tests carried out in columns showed that the soil conditioner developed reduced the leaching of calcium, potassium, sulfur, zinc and boron nutrients, showing that the use of the same in the soil results in an increase in nutrient retention capacity. The results of the tests carried out show that the material produced is a potential product for the soil conditioner market.

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Olinda, Tiago Moreira de. "Atividade gastroprotetora do 2-O-Metil-L-inositol isolado de Magonia Glabrata St. Hill : possíveis mecanismos". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2008. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/2641.

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OLINDA, Tiago Moreira de. Atividade gastroprotetora do 2-o-metil-L-inositol isolado de magonia glabrata St. Hill : possíveis mecanismos. 2008. 139 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Farmacologia) - Universidade Federal do Ceará. Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza, 2008.
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2-O-metil-L-inositol as well known as quebrachitol (QCT) isolated from Magonia glabrata St.Hill’s pericarp (Sapindaceae), spread by the popular alias “tingui-de-bola” was evaluated in ethanol and indometacin-induced gastric lesions models in mice. QCT (12,5, 25 and 50 mg/Kg, v.o.) significantly (p < 0,05) reduced gastric lesions induced through administration of ethanol (0,2 mL/animal) in the order of 69, 64 and 53% respectively. QCT (12 and 25mg/Kg, v.o.) also reduced indometacin-induced gastric injuries. The possible mechanism of gastroprotection was accessed through ethanol-induced gastric lesions model in mice and the dose of 25 mg/Kg of QCT was chosen. Pre-treatment of the animals with L-NAME (20 mg/Kg, i.p.), nitric oxide sintase inhibitor, or glibenclamide (5 mg/Kg, i.p.), Potassium ATP-dependent channel blocker (KATP), inhibits QCT’s gastroprotective effect which suggests a participation of NO and activation of KATP on QCT’s gastroprotection. On the same way, QCT’s gastroprotection was abolished when animals were pre-treated with indometacin (10 mg/Kg, v.o.), a non-selective inhibitor of ciclooxigenase, which demonstrates the role of endogen prostaglandins. QCT’s effect was not abolished when animals were pre-treated with capsazepine (5 mg/Kg, i.p.) which indicates that vanilloid receptors TRPV1 are not involved on QCT’s benefic activities. QCT’s gastroprotective activity involves at least in part an antioxidant action, once this drug was capable to reestablish the NP-SH gastric levels which had been depleted after ethanol administration. Nevertheless, QCT did not altered gastric secretion pH when evaluated by pylorus ligature model in rats and also have not altered gastric emptying process in phenol red model in mice. The data shown suggest that QCT promotes gastroprotection against ethanol and indometacin-induced gastric lesion in mice and endogen prostaglandins, nitric oxide and or KATP channels may play a role besides an antioxidant activity.
O 2-O-metil-L-inoitol, também conhecido como Quebrachitol (QCT), isolado da casca dos frutos (pericarpo) de Magonia glabrata St. Hill (Sapindaceae), popularmente conhecida como tingui-de-bola, foi avaliada em modelos de lesões gástricas induzidas por etanol e indometacina em camundongos. QCT (12,5; 25 e 50 mg/Kg, v.o.) reduziu significativamente (p < 0,05) as lesões gástricas induzidas por etanol absoluto (0,2 mL/animal) em 69, 64 e 53 % respectivamente. QCT (12,5 e 25 mg/Kg, v.o.) também reduziu significativamente as lesões gástricas induzidas por indometacina (30 mg/Kg, v.o.). O mecanismo gastroprotetor do QCT foi analisado na sua dose de 25 mg/Kg, em modelo de lesões gástricas induzidas por etanol em camundongos. Em animais pré-tratados com L-NAME (20 mg/Kg, i.p.), um inibidor da óxido nítrico sintase, ou com glibenclamida (5 mg/Kg, i.p.), droga bloqueadora de canais de potássio ATP-dependentes (KATP), o efeito gastroprotetor de QCT (25 mg/Kg, v.o.) foi inibido significativamente (p < 0,05), sugerindo o papel do óxido nítrico e demonstrando uma provável ativação dos canais de potássio no seu efeito gastroprotetor. De forma semelhante, o efeito gastroprotetor de QCT (25 mg/Kg, v.o.) foi revertido, de maneira significativa (p < 0,05), em camundongos pré-tratados com indometacina (10 mg/Kg, v.o.), um inibidor não seletivo da ciclooxigenase, demonstrando assim o papel das prostaglandinas endógenas. QCT (25 mg/Kg, v.o.) não foi revertido em camundongos pré-tratados com capsazepina (5 mg/Kg, i.p.), um antagonista dos receptores vanilóides TRPV1, não demonstrando a participação dos receptores TRPV1 no mecanismo de ação do QCT. A ação gastroprotetora do QCT (25 mg/Kg, v.o.) envolve, em parte, uma ação antioxidante uma vez que esta foi capaz de restabelecer, de forma parcial, mas significativa (p < 0,05), os níveis de grupos NP-SH gástricos, que são depletados pelo etanol. Contudo, QCT não alterou o volume e pH da secreção gástrica, quando avaliados no modelo da ligadura pilórica em ratos e, tão pouco, alterou o esvaziamento gástrico, quando avaliado no modelo do vermelho de fenol, em camundongos. Os dados obtidos sugerem que o QCT promove gastroproteção contra as lesões gástricas induzidas por etanol e indometacina em camundongos, por mecanismos que incluem o envolvimento de prostaglandinas endógenas, óxido nítrico e ou, dos canais de KATP, além de uma ação antioxidante.

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Mxunyelwa, Dalutando Maxwell. "Umba wongqamano-ngqo kuguqulo-lwimi kwiincwadi zikaSindiwe Magona: “Kubantwana Babantwana Bam” kwakunye no- “To My Children’s Children”". University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8061.

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Magister Artium - MA
Uguqulo-lwimi lwalungathathelwa ngqalelo kakhulu kuba lwalusetyenziselwa ukufezekisa iinjongo ezithile kuba ubani lowo ezazi iilwimi ezo. Injongo yayikukugqithisa umyalezo wombhalo wolwimi oluguqulwayo/ lwemveli. Ungothuki, mfundi xa kusetyenziswe elinye igama, umzekelo umbhalo wolwimi oluguqulwayo sizakuthi yi-ST, gama elo elisukela kushunqulelo lwesiNgesi u-Source Text. Wona umbhalo wolwimi ekuguqulelwa kulo/ekubhekiswa kulo yi-TT, osukela kushunqulelo lwesiNgesi u-Target Text. Izifundo zoguqulo-lwimi zikhule ngokumandla kwaye zinike umdla omkhulu kwiingcali. Phakathi kwezinye iingcali kungabalulwa uVermeer (1989) oweza nethiyori ekuthiwa siSkoposi. UVermeer ungomnye phakathi kwezinye iingcali ezathatha uguqulo-lwimi njengomsebenzi (function). Uthi, umsebenzi ngamnye uphenjelelwa yinjongo. Kulapho ezinye iingcali zathathela khona ziveza iziseko ezisemthethweni zoguqulo-lwimi ngokomsebenzi.

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10

Altnöder, Sonja. "Inhabiting the "new" South Africa ethical encounters at the race gender interface in four post-apartheid novels by Zoë Wicomb, Sindiwe Magona, Nadine Gordimer and Farida Karodia". Trier Wiss. Verl. Trier, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988086441/04.

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Bizela, Sinethemba. "Spectres of Sycorax:Sycorax: Spectral Orality and Black Female Presence in the Figurings of Winnie Mandela and Sindiwe Magona". University of Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7538.

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Magister Artium - MA
The demands of modernity and globalisation present print culture as dominant in such a way that oral tradition is forced in to a shadowy position, because the latter tradition cannot be exploited entirely for profit. Dominant scholarship on oral studies therefore positions orality in the background of writing, so as to suggest that it is a past tradition of, and serves as a reservoir for, written literature. However, such approaches reveal theoretical gaps, highlighted, as will be shown in the thesis, by the effaced position of the black woman as storyteller. Orality, in this, becomes the spectre which haunts the writing of most African writers in the same way that the black woman haunts man -centred nationalism. Such spectrality is precisely one which is embodied if not by the black woman in nationalist discourse and in society in general. I begin in by examining the representation of an archetypal black woman namely Sycorax, in William Shakespeare’ s The Tempest. Even though Shakespeare is quite ambiguous about her racial identity, I interpret Sycorax– whose story is told by male characters– as a black black woman.

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12

Montle, Malesela Edward. "Reconstructing identity in post-colonial black South African literature from selected novels of Sindiwe Magona and Kopano Matlwa". Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2591.

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Thesis (M. A. (English Studies)) --University of Limpopo, 2018
This study seeks to examine the concept of identity in the post-colonial South Africa. Like any other African state, South Africa was governed by a colonial strategy called apartheid which meted out harsh conditions on black people. However, the indomitable system of apartheid was subdued by the leadership of the people, which is democracy in 1994. Notwithstanding the dispensation of democracy, colonial legacies such as inequality, racial discrimination and poverty are still yet to be addressed. As mirrored in Sindiwe Magona’s Beauty’s Gift (2008) and Mother to Mother (1998) and Kopano Matlwa’s Coconut (2008) and Spilt Milk (2010), the colonial past perhaps paved a way for social issues to warm their way into the democratic South Africa. This study will use the aforementioned novels penned in the post-colonial period to present an evocation of identity-crisis in South Africa. It will then employ these methodological approaches; Afrocentricity, Feminism, Historical-biographical and Post-Colonial Theory to assert and re-assert the identity that South Africans have acquired subsequent to the political transition from apartheid to democracy. KEY WORDS: Apartheid, Colonialism, Democracy, Identity, Post-Colonialism

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13

Hansson, Anton. "En kartläggning över magbesvär och livsstilsfaktorer samt skillnader mellan könen bland högskolestudenter". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Biomekanik och biomedicin, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-15736.

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Sammanfattning Magproblem är ett utbrett besvär bland befolkningen. Detta innebär en stor fysisk men ibland också ekonomisk kostnad för individen. Denna studien sökte att öka förståelsen för hur utbrett magbesvär är bland högskolestudenter och hur de relaterar till olika livsstilsvanor. En enkät delades ut till 150 studenter. Den bestod av 13 frågor rörande magont, svullen mage, förstoppning, diarré och livsstilsvanor så som fysisk träning, rökning, alkohol, koffein, stress och livsmedelskänslighet. Deskriptiv data och skillnader mellan män och kvinnor analyserades. Statistiskt signifikanta skillnader fastslogs med Mann-Whiteys U-test. Resultaten visade att 90% rapporterade att de hade upplevt minst ett av problemen den senaste månaden minst en gång. Några av studenterna upplevde flera av symptom flera gånger i veckan. Kvinnor led av mer problem än männen: magont (p<.0001), svullnad (p<.0001) och förstoppning (p=.005). Kvinnor upplevde också mer stress under dagen än män (p<.0001) och rapporterade högre grad av livsmedelskänslighet (p=.01). Magproblem var utbrett bland högskolestudenter så även stress och livsmedelskänsligheter. Fler studier behöver göras för att fastslå de grundläggande orsakerna till magbesvären.

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Silva, Heloisa Helena Garcia da. "Atividade larvicida e caracterização molecular dos princípios ativos de Magonia pubescens St.Hil. (Sapindaceae) e de Copaifera reticulata Ducke (Leguminosae), visando ao controle de Aedes aegypti". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2004. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5468.

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Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa - FUNAPE
Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Dengue is an acute viral disease of great importance to the public health, and its high incidence in the tropical countries is intimately related to the presence of the main vector, the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Throughout the years, attempts to control the vector have been based on the application of synthetic chemical insecticides, which have already began to produce undesirable effects. The modification of the susceptibility and the emergence of generations resistant mosquitoes besides fast proliferation stimulated studies about the activity of natural products on the larvae of A. aegypti, as an alternative measure for control. In this work, phytochemicals studies were accomplished by larvicidal activity of the plants Magonia pubescens St. Hil. (Sapindaceae) and Copaifera reticulata Ducke (Leguminosae), with the purpose of isolating fractions and/or pure substances with insecticide potential. After collection of peels of the M. pubescens stem and C. reticulata oil-resin in natura, extracts obtained were submitted to bioassays, guided-purification and structural identification. For the larvicidal activity assays, 3rd instar larvae of A. aegypti were used. They were obtained from cyclic colony maintained by ten years, at 28±1°C, 80±5% of relative humidity and 12 h photoperiod. Twenty larvae were used for each concentration and the bioassays were carried out in 5 replicate, in an acclimatized ambient similar to colony growth. Control assays were conducted using the same number of larvae in a dimethylsulphoxide and distilled water solution. The mortality of larvae was measured after 24 and 48 h. Fractions, subfractions and pure substances with larvicidal activity, obtained from those procedures, were monitored chemically through thin layer chromatography and analyzed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and 13C, and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The identified active substance in the M. pubescens was a tannin (C45H36O18 and molecular mass of 864.77 Da) which presented LC50 of 3.1 ppm; from the C. reticulata the acid 3-acetoxi-labda-8(17),13-dien-15-oic was isolated (C22H34O4, and molecular mass of 362 Da) with LC50 of 0.8 ppm. These two active substances presented lethal concentrations with potential use in the actions to control of the A. aegypti.
O dengue é uma doença viral aguda de grande importância na saúde pública, e sua alta incidência nos países tropicais está intimamente relacionada à presença do principal vetor, o mosquito Aedes aegypti. Ao longo dos anos, as tentativas de controlar esse vetor têm sido baseadas na aplicação de inseticidas químicos sintéticos, os quais já começam a produzir efeitos indesejáveis. A modificação da suscetibilidade e o aparecimento de gerações de mosquitos resistentes aos produtos utilizados, além de sua rápida proliferação, estimularam estudos sobre a atividade de produtos naturais sobre as larvas de A. aegypti, como uma medida alternativa para o seu controle. Neste trabalho foram realizados estudos fitoquímicos e de atividade larvicida das plantas Magonia pubescens St. Hil. (Sapindaceae) e Copaifera reticulata Ducke (Leguminosae), com o objetivo de se isolarem frações e/ou substâncias puras com potencial fitoinseticida. Após coleta de cascas do caule de M. pubescens e óleo in natura de C. reticulata, obtiveram-se os extratos, que foram submetidos a procedimentos cromatográficos guiados por bioensaios, purificação e identificação estrutural. Para detecção da atividade larvicida foram utilizadas larvas de 3° estádio de A. aegypti, obtidas de colônia cíclica mantida por dez anos, a 28±1°C, 80±5% de umidade relativa e fotofase de 12h. Foram utilizadas 20 larvas para cada concentração e os bioensaios foram realizados com 5 réplicas, em câmara climatizada similarmente à da criação. Para o controle utilizou-se o mesmo número de larvas em solução de dimetilsulfóxido e água destilada. As leituras de mortalidade foram feitas 24 e 48h após o início dos bioensaios. As frações, subfrações e substâncias puras com atividade larvicida, obtidas desses procedimentos, com as duas plantas, foram monitoradas quimicamente através de cromatografia em camada delgada e analisadas por ressonância magnética nuclear de hidrogênio e carbono-13, e cromatografia a gás acoplada à espectrometria de massas. O princípio ativo identificado na M. pubescens foi um tanino catéquico (C45H36O18 e massa molecular de 864.77 Da) que apresentou CL50 de 3,1 ppm; da C. reticulata foi isolado o ácido 3-acetoxi-labda-8(17),13-dien-15-oico (C22H34O4, e massa molecular de 362 Da) com CL50 de 0,8 ppm. Esses dois princípios ativos apresentaram concentrações letais com potencial de uso nas ações de controle do A. aegypti.

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15

JÃnior, HÃlio Vitoriano Nobre. "Chalcones isolated from myracrodruon urundeuva and 2-methyl-inositol isolated from Magonia glabrata protect neurons from 6-hydroxydopamine-induced oxidative injury and apoptose: study in rat mesencephalic cell cultures". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2005. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
The present work evaluated the cytoprotective effect of chalcone-enriched fraction (CEF) and 2-methyl-inositol (MIT) in primary rat mesencephalic cell culture exposed to the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The CEF was obtained from Myracrodruon urundeuva, a Brazilian medicinal plant used as an antiinflamatory and wound healing agent.in female genital tract. In this fraction there are the dimerics chalcones urundeuvinas A, B e C The other compound was the MIT isolated from Magonia glabrata, a plant popularly known as âTingui de Bolaâ, which bark from its root is used as poison to catch the fishes from lakes and rivers. The immunohistochemical assay for tyrosine hydroxylase revealed that the percentage of dopaminergic cells in our cultures is approximately 2%. After exposition to 6-OHDA (40 and 200 microM) the cellular viability was reduced to 88,81% and 35,45% respectively. The mitochondrial activity was reduced to 88,8 and 35,4%, the nitrite levels was increased to 551,9% and 721,3% respectively and the lipid peroxidation was increased to 166,84% in the concentration of 200 microM, as observed in the MTT, nitrite and TBARS assays respectively. The results show that the exposition to CEF (100 microg/mL) before 6-OHDA (neuroprevention experiment) or after 6-OHDA (neurorescue experiment) reduced significantly the cell death caused by 6-OHDA (40 e 200 microM). The CEF prevented significantly the increase in nitrite levels induced by 6-OHDA (40 and 200 microM) (in both experiments), except in the neurorescue experiment in which the CEF failed to revert the increase in nitrite levels generated by 6-OHDA (200 microM). The CEF inhibited the lipid peroxidation induced by 6-OHDA (200 microM) in both experiments, and also showed antiapoptotic activity against 6-OHDA (40 and 200 microM) in both experiments. The MIT protected significantly TH- and TH+ cells from injury induced by 6-OHDA (40 and 200 microM) in both experiments. It showed a reduction in the nitrite levels generated by 6-OHDA in both experiments. The MIT also reverted the lipid peroxidation generated by 6-OHDA (200 microM) and showed antiapoptotic activity against 6-OHDA (40 and 200 microM) in both experiments. These results suggest that the neuroprotective action these compounds, CEF and MIT are due to antioxidant, besides a possible mitochondrial protection of these polyphenols. In related to MIT not must be discarded the idea of a second messenger action through the production of inositol triphosphate and protein kinase C activation. The findings may have a clinical importance in neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinsonâs disease
No presente trabalho, estudou-se o efeito citoprotetor da fraÃÃo enriquecida de chalconas (FEC) e do 2-O-metilinositol (MIT) em cultura primÃria de cÃlulas mesencefÃlicas de ratos expostas Ã neurotoxina 6-hidroxidopamina (6-OHDA). A FEC foi isolada de Myracrodruoun urundeuva, planta medicinal brasileira comumente utilizada como antiinflamatÃrio do trato genital feminino. Nesta fraÃÃo estÃo presentes as chalconas dimÃricas urundeuvinas A, B e C. Outro composto estudado foi o MIT, isolado de Magonia glabrata, uma planta popularmente conhecida como âTingui de Bolaâ, cujas cascas de suas raÃzes sÃo usadas como âvenenoâ para facilitar a pesca nos lagos e rios. O MIT Ã um monossacarideo com um Ãnico anel da estrutura poli-hidroxilada. Apesar de relatos da toxicidade desta planta, o composto estudado nÃo apresentou toxicidade. As cÃlulas foram cultivadas durante quatro dias e apÃs este tempo foram prÃ-incubadas com FEC ou MIT trÃs horas antes (Protocolo de neuroprevenÃÃo) ou trÃs horas apÃs (Protocolo de neuroresgate) a adiÃÃo da 6-OHDA. A imunohistoquÃmica para tirosina hidroxilase revelou um percentual de cÃlulas dopaminÃrgicas em torno de 2%. A 6-OHDA (40 e 200 microM), promoveu uma diminuiÃÃo na viabilidade celular em torno de 37,65% e 63,44% para cÃlulas nÃo dopaminÃrgicas (TH-) e (79,78% e 93,75%) para cÃlulas dopaminÃrgicas (TH+) e aumentou os nÃveis de nitrito para 551,9% e 721,3% respectivamente em relaÃÃo ao controle. AlÃm disso induziu uma grande peroxidaÃÃo lipÃdica (aumento de 166,84%) como observados pelos ensaios MTT, nitrito e TBARS, respectivamente. Na concentraÃÃo de 200microM a 6-OHDA induziu uma grande morte celular, com aumento de cÃlulas em apoptose tardia e necrose. Os resultados mostraram que a FEC (1; 10 e 100 microg/mL) reduziu significativamente e de maneira dose-dependente (p menor igual a0,05) a morte celular induzida pela 6-OHDA (40 e 200 microM). AlÃm disso preveniu o aumento de nitrito e a peroxidaÃÃo lipÃdica. A FEC demonstrou atividade antiapoptÃtica e preveniu a necrose causada pela 6-OHDA (200 microM) (nos dois Protocolos estudados). O MIT (1, 10 e 100 microg/mL) protegeu tanto as cÃlulas TH- quanto TH+ do dano induzido pela 6-OHDA (40 e 200microM) (em ambos os Protocolos), reduzindo os nÃveis de nitrito e a peroxidaÃÃo lÃpidica. TambÃm demonstrou uma potente atividade antiapoptÃtica. Estes resultados demonstram que a neuroproteÃÃo dos compostos estudados, FEC e MIT, se deva as aÃÃes antioxidante, alÃm de uma proteÃÃo a nÃvel mitocondrial destes polifenois, no caso do MIT tambÃm nÃo se podendo descartar uma aÃÃo a nÃvel de segundo mensageiro, via formaÃÃo de inositol trifosfato e ativaÃÃo de PKC. Os achados podem ter uma futura importÃncia clÃnica em doenÃas neurodegenerativas tais como na DoenÃa de Parkinson

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16

Joss, Elizabeth. "Translocation and female subjectivities in four contemporary narratives : Kingston’s The woman warrior, Magona’s To my children’s children and Forced to grow and Hoffman’s Lost in translation". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2253.

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Thesis (MA (English Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Drawing on theories of gender and subjectivity, this thesis explores the way in which constructions of modernity as well as tradition are mapped onto geographical localities and thus expressed through gender acts. The female protagonists in Maxine Hong Kingston’s The Woman Warrior, Sindiwe Magona’s To My Children’s Children and Forced to Grow, as well as Eva Hoffman’s Lost in Translation undergo either transnational translocation or imagined translocation where they straddle multiple cultural contexts concurrently. The role of globalism and modernity amplifies the female’s ambiguous position and therefore challenges her gender identity as she takes on additional gender characteristics. This challenge, a result of translocation, causes both the individual and collective nature of the subject to be emphasised and placed in multiple cultures concurrently. The female’s subjectivity is under much tension as the cultures she immerses herself in interlace but also clash. As a result of this, her sense of self is constantly in flux as she attempts to achieve stability and coherence. This sense of a gendered, stable and located self will, I argue, both dissipate and transmutate upon undergoing physical or imagined translocation. In addition, this thesis examines the manner in which globalism allows for the dissolving of boundaries and explores the extent to which the ambiguous position these female protagonists occupy enables them to reformulate and refashion their gender identity as well as write themselves away from the marginalised positions they inhabit. I will further explore how female subjects are compelled to take on additional feminine or masculine attributes upon translocation, seeming to become androgynous in the reformulation of their gender identity for a certain period of time. I will argue that protagonists supplement their gender in order to obtain a sense of belonging in a specific cultural context which requires this alteration of gender, and argue that this is also a means by which they liberate themselves from the marginal positions they occupy in their ethnic culture where sexism and prejudice are prevalent. However, I will demonstrate that modernity does not only provide them with liberation and autonomy, but that simultaneously it is also restrictive on the subject’s gender identity. Finally, this thesis explores whether the female protagonists are able to use their ambiguous positioning strategically in order to generate coherence of the self yet, concurrently, maintain fluidity between multiple cultural boundaries of the self.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie verhandeling gebruik geslags- en subjektiwiteitsteorieë om ondersoek in te stel na die maniere waarop konstruksies van moderniteit en tradisie uiting vind in geslagshandeling. Dieselfde teorieë word gebruik om ondersoek in te stel na die invloed van geografiese plasing op geslagshandeling. Die vroulike protagoniste in Maxine Hong Kingston se The Woman Warrior, Sindiwe Magona se To My Children’s Children en Forced to Grow, sowel as Eva Hoffman se Lost in Translation, ervaar elkeen óf transnasionale translokasie, óf verbeelde translokasie, waardeur hulle vele kulturele kontekste tegelykertyd in die dwarste beset. Die rol van globalisering en moderniteit versterk sonder twyfel die vroulike protagonis se dubbelsinnige posisie, en haar geslagsidentiteit word in twyfel getrek soos sy addisionele geslagseienskappe aanneem. Hierdie vertwyfeling – die gevolg van translokasie – veroorsaak dat beide die kollektiewe sowel as die individuele aard van die subjek benadruk word, en gelyktydig in meervoudige kulture geplaas word. Die protagonis se subjektiwiteit verkeer onder baie spanning omdat die kulture waarin sy haarself verdiep onderling vervleg is, maar tog ook bots. Derhalwe is haar beskouing van haarself voortdurend vloeibaar en veranderend terwyl sy probeer om samehorigheid en stabiliteit te bewerkstellig. Ek is van mening dat hierdie sin van 'n “geslaghebbende”, stabiele, gelokaliseerde self verdwyn en/of transmuteer wanneer dit fisiese of verbeelde translokasie ondergaan. Gevolglik ondersoek hierdie verhandeling dus ook die manier waarop globalisme die ontbinding van grense tot gevolg het, sowel as die mate waartoe die dubbelsinnigheid van die vroulike protagoniste se posisie hulle toelaat om hul geslagsidentiteit te herformuleer en te herontwerp, en hulself weg, of uit, die gemarginaliseerde posisies wat hulle beset te skryf. Ek wil ook kyk na die maniere waarop die vroulike subjek genoop is om, as gevolg van translokasie, addisionele vroulike of manlike karaktertrekke aan te neem, met dié dat dit blyk dat die protagoniste vir 'n ruk lank androgene eienskappe in hul geslagsidentiteit toon. Ek argumenteer dat die protagoniste hul geslag aanvul, nie net sodat hul aanklank binne 'n spesifieke kulturele konteks kan vind nie, maar ook as 'n manier waarop hul hulself kan bevry van die marginale posisies waarin hulle hul in 'n etniese kultuur, waar seksisme en vooroordeel gedy, bevind. Nietemin wil ek ook aantoon dat moderniteit nie bloot net bevryding en selfstandigheid aan die vroulike protagoniste bied nie, maar dat dit ook tegelykertyd beperkings op die subjek se geslagsidentiteit plaas. Die uitkoms van hierdie tesis is om te bepaal of die vroulike protagoniste in staat is tot die strategiese gebruik van hul dubbelsinnige posisionering, wat koherensie van die self sal meebring, en tog terselfdertyd vloeibaarheid tussen verskillende kulture sal behou.

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D`ALESSANDRO, Walmirton Bezerra. "Avaliação da atividade de acaricidas químicos sintéticos, extrato botânico sobre Rhipicephalus sanguineus e ação dos óleos essenciais sobre Amblyomma cajennens". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1830.

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Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari, Ixodidae) known as tick-star , is a ixodid heteroxenous tree-host found too often in horses. Have little specific parasite, particularly in periods of larvae and nymph, is considered the most important in ixodid transmission of spotted fever to humans in Brazil. Rhipicephalus sanguineus, tick ectoparasite mainly from domestic dogs in urban areas, but also parasite other mammals, birds and reptiles, is responsible for the transmission of pathogens to their hosts. By developing in synanthropic environments, with their immature stages occasionally infecting man, this ixodídeo could cause increased incidence of erliquiosis, babesiosis and spotted fever in humans. The difficulties in controlling these ixodids, including the development of resistance to some acaricides chemicals synthetic main products used in their control, studies to encourage development of alternative measures, more efficient and less environmental impact. The objective of this work was monitoring the susceptibility and/or resistance of R. sanguineus to 14 insecticide products/acaricides, among the most acaricide sold in Goiás for control of ectoparasites of medical and veterinary importance, and verify the potential of substances extracted from plants, Carapa guianensis AUBLET (Meliaceae), Piper hispidinervum C.DC. (Piperaceae) and Magonia pubescens St. Hil. (Sapindaceae) in botanical exploration of acaricides for control of A. cajennense and R. saguineus. Engorged female of R. sanguineus were collected in environments naturally infested frequented by dogs in different districts and municipalities of Goiânia. Engorged female of A. cajennense were collected on horses from rural farms of different neighborhoods and surrounding municipalities of Goiânia. In the laboratory they were washed with distilled water, dried with paper towel and put in incubators B.O.D., to conduct the oviposition. Envelopes were used to filter paper impregnated with different concentrations of synthetic chemical acaricides, of essential oils from the leaves and branches side of P. hispidinervum, essential oil coming seeds of C. guianensis and stem bark of M. pubescens. In the control group used up only distilled water and solvent. Bioassays were made in quadruplicate. In the first study, Lethal Concentrations, CL50 and CL99, after 24 h and 48 h of exposure were calculated for the products that caused a framework for possible resistance or resistance to larvicidal R. sanguineus, according to WHO criteria. There was a framework of resistance to the basic products of Cypermethrin, Cypermethrin + Piperonyl Butoxide (PBO), Deltamethrin, Permethrin and Amitraz in 24 h presenting mortalities of 58.36%, 71.36%, 48.7%, 64.5% and 77.8%, respectively. In 48 h of exposure to Amitraz the mortality rate was 88%, presenting a framework for possible resistance accounting for 0.07% of the products tested. The lethal concentrations CL50 and CL99 were: Cypermethrin (0.06% and 7.04%), Cypermethrin + PBO (0.06% and 2.1%), Deltamethrin (0.06% and 1.57%); Permethrin (0.06% and 0.3%), Amitraz 24 h (0025% and 0.73%) and Amitraz 48 h (0.06% and 0.31%). The products Deltamethrin, Cypermethrin, Permethrin, Cypermethrin + PBO and Amitraz (24 and 48 h of exposure) were 35.2, 21, 7.85, 3, 3.65, 1.55 times, respectively, higher than the dosages recommended by manufacturers. In the second study noted that the essential oil of C. guianensis on the larvae of A. cajennense resulted in 24 h, mortality not exceeding 10% for 35% concentration in 48 h of exposure received at the CL50 of 7.38% and 45.45% of CL99, the essential oil of P. hispidinervum shown in 24 h of exposure CL50 of 0.42% and CL99 of 0.88%, in 48 h of exposure CL50 of 0.45% and CL99 of 1.06%. There was Knock down the effect on the larvae of A. cajennense the essential oil of P. hispidinervum, significantly influencing mortality average. In the third study there was the lethal action of ethanol crude extract of stem of bark M. pubescens on R. sanguineus, in the reading of 48 h LC50 and CL99 was 0.15% and 0.99%, respectively.The plants showed larvicidal effect on A. cajennense and R. sanguineus. The essential oils and extracts studied demonstrated greatest potential for the exploration of acaricides plants, with less environmental impact, to be used as a strategy for control of R. sanguineus and A. cajennense.
Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari, Ixodidae) conhecido como carrapato-estrela , é um ixodídeo heteroxeno encontrado com muita freqüência em eqüídeos. Têm pouca especificidade parasitária, principalmente nos estágios de larva e ninfa, sendo considerado o ixodídeo mais importante na transmissão da febre maculosa para os humanos no Brasil. Rhipicephalus sanguineus, carrapato ectoparasita principalmente dos cães domésticos em áreas urbanizadas, mas que também parasita outros mamíferos, aves e répteis, é responsável pela transmissão de patógenos aos seus hospedeiros. Por se desenvolver em ambientes sinantrópicos, com seus estágios imaturos, parasitando ocasionalmente o homem, este ixodídeo poderá vir a causar aumento na incidência de erliquiose, babesiose e febre maculosa no homem. As dificuldades existentes no controle dos ixodídeos, incluindo o desenvolvimento de resistência a alguns acaricidas químicos sintéticos, principais produtos utilizados em seu controle, incitam estudos para desenvolvimento de medidas alternativas, mais eficientes e de menor impacto ambiental. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi monitorar a susceptibilidade e/ou resistência de R. sanguineus a 14 produtos inseticidas/acaricidas, dentre os mais comercializados em Goiás para controle de ectoparasitos de importância médica e veterinária, e verificar a potencialidade de substâncias extraídas das plantas Carapa guianensis AUBLET (Meliaceae), Piper hispidinervum C.DC. (Piperaceae) e Magonia pubescens St. Hil. (Sapindaceae), na prospecção de acaricidas botânicos para controle de A. cajennense e R. sanguineus. As teleóginas de R. sanguineus foram coletadas, em ambientes naturalmente infestados, freqüentados por cães, de diferentes bairros e municípios de Goiânia. Teleóginas de A. cajennense foram coletadas em cavalos oriundos de propriedades rurais de diferentes bairros e municípios circunvizinhos de Goiânia. No laboratório, as teleóginas foram lavadas com água destilada, secas em papel toalha e acondicionadas em incubadoras B.O.D., para realizarem a oviposição. Foram utilizados envelopes de papel filtro impregnados com diferentes concentrações dos acaricidas químicos sintéticos, óleo essencial provenientes das folhas e ramos secundários de P. hispidinervum, óleo essencial provindo das sementes de C. guianensis e o extrato bruto etanólico da casca do caule de M. pubescens. No grupo controle utilizou-se apenas água destilada e solvente. Os bioensaios foram realizados em quadruplicata. No primeiro estudo, Concentrações Letais, CL50 e CL99, após 24 h e 48 h de exposição foram calculadas para os produtos que proporcionaram um quadro de resistência ou possível resistência larvicida para R. sanguineus, segundo critérios da OMS. Observou-se resistência para as larvas de R. sanguineus produtos que apresentaram mortalidades a base de Cipermetrina (58,36%), Cipermetrina + Butóxido de Piperolina (PBO) (71,36%), Deltametrina (48,7%), Permetrina (64,5%) e Amitraz (77,8%) nas 24 h, correspondendo a 36% dos produtos testados. Em 48 h de exposição ao Amitraz a mortalidade foi de 88%, apresentando um quadro de possível resistência, correspondendo a 0,07% dos produtos testados. As concentrações letais CL50 e CL99 encontradas foram: Cipermetrina (0,06% e 7,04%), Cipermetrina + PBO (0,06% e 2,1%), Deltametrina (0,06% e 1,57%), Permetrina (0,06% e 0,3%), Amitraz 24 h (0,025% e 0,73%) e Amitraz 48 h (0,06% e 0,31%). Os produtos Deltametrina, Cipermetrina, Permetrina, Cipermetrina + PBO e Amitraz (24 e 48 h de exposição), foram 35,2; 21; 7,85; 3; 3,65; 1,55 vezes, respectivamente, maiores do que as dosagens recomendadas pelos fabricantes. No segundo estudo observou-se o efeito letal do óleo essencial de C. guianensis sobre as larvas de A. cajennense ocasionando nas 24 h, mortalidade não superior a 10% para concentração 35%, nas 48 h de exposição obtiveram-se as CL50 de 7,38% e CL99 de 45,45%. O óleo essencial de P. hispidinervum ocasionou nas 24 h de exposição CL50 de 0,42% e CL99 de 0,88%, nas 48 h de exposição CL50 de 0,45% e CL99 de 1,06%. Observou-se o efeito Knock down sobre as larvas de A. cajennense pelo óleo essencial de P. hispidinervum, influenciando significativamente na mortalidade média. No terceiro estudo observou-se a ação letal do extrato bruto etanólico da casca do caule de M. pubescens sobre R. sanguineus, em 48 h a CL50 e CL99 foi de 0,15% e 0,99%, respectivamente. Os óleos essenciais e extrato estudados demonstraram como método alternativo para a prospecção de acaricidas vegetais, de menor impacto ambiental, a serem utilizados como nova estratégia para controle de R. sanguineus e A. cajennense.

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CORRÊA, Marinês Conceição Rieth. "Avaliação moluscicida das plantas Pterodon emarginatus Vogel 1837, Magonia pubescens St. Hil, e Croton urucurana Baill 1864, sobre Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818) e cercaricida sobre Schistosoma mansoni (Sambon, 1907)". Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2006. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1819.

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The molluscicide and cercaricide action of the Pterodon emarginatus plants Magonia pubescens and Croton urucurana found in the Brazilian scrubland center-west region and in other Brazilian regions where the schistosomose is endemic was evaluated separately in laboratories The brute etanolic extracto obtained after the dilution in water were tested over the Biomphalaria glabrata snails intermediary host of Schistosoma mansoni The evaluation of the bioactivity was done from the initial concentration of 100ppm over adult snails and those ones which died in the adult phase had their concentrations reduced at 50 25 and 12.5ppm successively The molluscicide effect was evaluated over the snails development phasis over the laying of eggs and over the ovigery masses hatching The extracts that did not show bioactivity on 100ppm did not have their concentrations decreased The P emarginatus extract did not demonstrate bioactivity over the snails the laying of eggs the ovigery masses hatching and the liberation of cercaries Showing the cercaricide effect five hours after the start of the experiment whereas the controlling group survived for 36 hours over the same conditions The M pubescens extract demonstrated 100% of bioactivity on the four concentrations utilized and in all the snails development phasis with the exception of the ovigery masses hatching The cercaricide effect was 100% on the 100 and 50ppm concentrations within fifteen minutes 100% on 25ppm within 30 minutes and 100% on 12.5ppm within two hours whereas the controlling group survived for 36 hours at the same conditions With the C urucurana extract the bioactivity was of 26.6% on the 100ppm concentration within 24 hours of an exposition over adult snails On the 50 25 and 12.5ppm concentrations it was not showed bioactivity over the adult and young snails the laying of eggs and the ovigery masses hatching It was presented bioactivity with newly-developed snails on the three concentrations tested after 24 hours of exposition With the cercaries the deaths were observed from the fifteen minutes on the 100 and 50ppm concentrations two hours on 25ppm and five hours on 12.5ppm, and in the controlling group they survived 36 hours at the same conditions The snails which survived to the P emarginatus e C urucurana extracts showed an increasing on the laying of eggs number when compared to the controlling group
Foram avaliadas, separadamente, em laboratório, as ações moluscicida e cercaricida das plantas Pterodon emarginatus, Magonia pubescens e Croton urucurana encontradas no Cerrado brasileiro, região Centro-Oeste e em outras regiões brasileiras, onde a esquistossomose é endêmica. Os extratos brutos etanólicos obtidos, com diluição em água, foram testados sobre caramujos da espécie Biomphalaria glabrata, hospedeiro intermediário de Schistosoma mansoni. A avaliação da bioatividade foi feita a partir de uma concentração inicial de 100ppm sobre caramujos adultos, sendo que aqueles que apresentaram mortalidade na fase adulta tiveram suas concentrações diminuídas para 50, 25 e 12,5ppm sucessivamente. Foi testado o efeito moluscicida sobre as fases do desenvolvimento do caramujo, sobre as oviposições e sobre a eclosão das massas ovígeras. Os extratos que não apresentaram bioatividade em 100ppm não tiveram suas concentrações reduzidas. O extrato de Pterodon emarginatus não apresentou bioatividade sobre caramujos, oviposições, eclosão de massas ovígeras e liberação de cercárias. Apresentou efeito cercaricida cinco horas após o início do experimento, enquanto o grupo controle sobreviveu por até 36 horas nas mesmas condições. O extrato de Magonia pubescens apresentou 100% de bioatividade nas quatro concentrações utilizadas e em todas as fases do desenvolvimento dos caramujos exceto na eclosão das massas ovígeras O efeito cercaricida foi de 100% nas concentrações de 100 e 50ppm em quinze minutos 100% para 25ppm em 30 minutos e 100% para 12,5ppm em duas horas enquanto o grupo controle sobreviveu por até 36 horas nas mesmas condições Com o extrato de Croton urucurana a bioatividade foi de 26,6% na concentração de 100ppm em 24 horas de exposição sobre caramujos adultos Nas concentrações de 50, 25 e 12,5ppm não se verificou bioatividade sobre caramujos adultos jovens massas ovígeras e eclosão das massas ovígeras Verificou-se bioatividade com caramujos recém-eclodidos nas três concentrações testadas após 24 horas de exposição Com cercárias as mortes foram observadas a partir de quinze minutos nas concentrações de 100 e 50ppm duas horas para 25ppm e cinco horas para 12,5ppm e no grupo controle sobreviveram até 36 horas nas mesmas condições Os caramujos que sobreviveram aos extratos de P emarginatus e C urucurana apresentaram pequeno aumento no número de desovas quando comparados ao grupo controle

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Nunes, Odete Parreira. "O arquitecto paisagista em Portugal: a construção do grupo profissional e o seu regime justificativo de acção perante a legislação que o “regula”". Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7294.

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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Sociologia do Território, da Cidade e do Ambiente
Este estudo incide sobre o corpo profissional dos Arquitectos Paisagistas. Interessa-nos conhecer quais os requisitos necessários ao exercício dessa profissão; como se encontram definidas as suas competências relativamente a profissionais de outras áreas com quem interagem em contexto de trabalho; como decorre a prática profissional numa área em que cotejam e partilham tarefas e decisões com outros profissionais; havendo conflitos inter-profissionais, desejávamos compreender em que tipo de regime se inserem as suas justificações e, consequentemente, qual das partes em conflito apresenta uma justificação mais justa. Assim, verificámos que o ensino da Arquitectura Paisagista em Portugal se iniciou nos anos quarenta do Séc. XX, no Instituto Superior de Agronomia, sendo ministrado, actualmente, em cinco estabelecimentos de ensino público e um estabelecimento de ensino particular. Trata-se de uma profissão com competências para intervir em espaços exteriores ao nível do território, da cidade e do ambiente, cuja estrutura curricular da sua formação apresenta uma vasta área de disciplinas no âmbito das artes e das ciências. Profissão dos tempos modernos, foi com a Revolução Industrial que surgiu a necessidade de desenvolver esta área do conhecimento para resolver problemas complexos trazidos pela Modernidade, nascendo assim uma nova profissão a partir do ofício de jardineiro. Exercendo a sua actividade normalmente inseridos em equipas pluridisciplinares, apesar da especificidade e abrangência do seu curriculum, no ano de 2009 foi criada legislação que retira competências que lhes cabiam, colocando-os numa posição de subalternidade face a outros técnicos com quem interagem o que provoca constrangimentos e mal-estar profissional, podendo originar, igualmente, conflitos. Analisando esse mal-estar à luz da sociologia dos regimes justificativos da acção, verificámos que os nossos entrevistados apresentam justificações que são susceptíveis de enquadramento em diferentes cités. Assinalámos alguns depoimentos que, engrandecendo a componente artística da arquitectura paisagista, se inscrevem numa cité inspirada. Em outras observações, registámos afirmações que evocam, entre outros, a defesa do ambiente através de soluções que protegem os solos, inserindo-se pois numa cité ecológica. Indagando sobre eventuais focos de conflito, verificámos que a legislação constituída no ano de 2009, veio criar à classe algum mal-estar ao nível das relações interprofissionais. Por esse motivo, verificamos que os seus discursos apresentam uma consciência des-singularizada, coincidente com o discurso da Associação de classe onde se colectivizam e de quem esperam uma acção em prol do bem comum. Tal justificação obedece aos requisitos de uma cité cívica, opondo-se à cité industrial em que se baseiam os dispositivos legais que, no seu entender, limitam a sua actividade enquanto profissionais. Em outros pontos do seu discurso apresentam-se em oposição à cité mercantil dos que pretendem a rentabilidade económica do solo em detrimento de uma prática ecológica sustentável, no seu entender mais justa. Finalmente, exibem a sua contrariedade e dão sinais de uma identidade magoada, quando, enquadrados numa cité industrial, exaltam a especificidade da sua formação, opondo-se à legislação que os coloca numa posição subalterna relativamente a profissionais de outras áreas com quem trabalham em equipa.

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Nobre, Júnior Hélio Vitoriano. "Chalconas isoladas da myracrodruon urundeuva e 2-O-metilinositol isolado da magonia glabrata protegem neurônios de danos oxidativos e apoptose induzida por 6-hidroxidopamina (6-OHDA) : estudo em cultura primária de células mesencefálicas de ratos". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2005. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/2719.

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NOBRE JÚNIOR, Hélio Vitoriano. Chaconas isoladas de myracrodruon urundeuva e 2-O-metilinositol isolado de magonia glabrata protegem neurônios de danos oxidativos e apoptose em cultura primária de células mesencefálicas de ratos. 2005. 213 f. Tese (Doutorado em Farmacologia) - Universidade Federal do Ceará. Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza, 2005.
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The present work evaluated the cytoprotective effect of chalcone-enriched fraction (CEF) and 2-methyl-inositol (MIT) in primary rat mesencephalic cell culture exposed to the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The CEF was obtained from Myracrodruon urundeuva, a Brazilian medicinal plant used as an antiinflamatory and wound healing agent.in female genital tract. In this fraction there are the dimerics chalcones urundeuvinas A, B e C The other compound was the MIT isolated from Magonia glabrata, a plant popularly known as “Tingui de Bola”, which bark from its root is used as poison to catch the fishes from lakes and rivers. The immunohistochemical assay for tyrosine hydroxylase revealed that the percentage of dopaminergic cells in our cultures is approximately 2%. After exposition to 6-OHDA (40 and 200 microM) the cellular viability was reduced to 88,81% and 35,45% respectively. The mitochondrial activity was reduced to 88,8 and 35,4%, the nitrite levels was increased to 551,9% and 721,3% respectively and the lipid peroxidation was increased to 166,84% in the concentration of 200 microM, as observed in the MTT, nitrite and TBARS assays respectively. The results show that the exposition to CEF (100 microg/mL) before 6-OHDA (neuroprevention experiment) or after 6-OHDA (neurorescue experiment) reduced significantly the cell death caused by 6-OHDA (40 e 200 microM). The CEF prevented significantly the increase in nitrite levels induced by 6-OHDA (40 and 200 microM) (in both experiments), except in the neurorescue experiment in which the CEF failed to revert the increase in nitrite levels generated by 6-OHDA (200 microM). The CEF inhibited the lipid peroxidation induced by 6-OHDA (200 microM) in both experiments, and also showed antiapoptotic activity against 6-OHDA (40 and 200 microM) in both experiments. The MIT protected significantly TH- and TH+ cells from injury induced by 6-OHDA (40 and 200 microM) in both experiments. It showed a reduction in the nitrite levels generated by 6-OHDA in both experiments. The MIT also reverted the lipid peroxidation generated by 6-OHDA (200 microM) and showed antiapoptotic activity against 6-OHDA (40 and 200 microM) in both experiments. These results suggest that the neuroprotective action these compounds, CEF and MIT are due to antioxidant, besides a possible mitochondrial protection of these polyphenols. In related to MIT not must be discarded the idea of a second messenger action through the production of inositol triphosphate and protein kinase C activation. The findings may have a clinical importance in neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson’s disease.
No presente trabalho, estudou-se o efeito citoprotetor da fração enriquecida de chalconas (FEC) e do 2-O-metilinositol (MIT) em cultura primária de células mesencefálicas de ratos expostas à neurotoxina 6-hidroxidopamina (6-OHDA). A FEC foi isolada de Myracrodruoun urundeuva, planta medicinal brasileira comumente utilizada como antiinflamatório do trato genital feminino. Nesta fração estão presentes as chalconas diméricas urundeuvinas A, B e C. Outro composto estudado foi o MIT, isolado de Magonia glabrata, uma planta popularmente conhecida como “Tingui de Bola”, cujas cascas de suas raízes são usadas como “veneno” para facilitar a pesca nos lagos e rios. O MIT é um monossacarideo com um único anel da estrutura poli-hidroxilada. Apesar de relatos da toxicidade desta planta, o composto estudado não apresentou toxicidade. As células foram cultivadas durante quatro dias e após este tempo foram pré-incubadas com FEC ou MIT três horas antes (Protocolo de neuroprevenção) ou três horas após (Protocolo de neuroresgate) a adição da 6-OHDA. A imunohistoquímica para tirosina hidroxilase revelou um percentual de células dopaminérgicas em torno de 2%. A 6-OHDA (40 e 200 microM), promoveu uma diminuição na viabilidade celular em torno de 37,65% e 63,44% para células não dopaminérgicas (TH-) e (79,78% e 93,75%) para células dopaminérgicas (TH+) e aumentou os níveis de nitrito para 551,9% e 721,3% respectivamente em relação ao controle. Além disso induziu uma grande peroxidação lipídica (aumento de 166,84%) como observados pelos ensaios MTT, nitrito e TBARS, respectivamente. Na concentração de 200microM a 6-OHDA induziu uma grande morte celular, com aumento de células em apoptose tardia e necrose. Os resultados mostraram que a FEC (1; 10 e 100 microg/mL) reduziu significativamente e de maneira dose-dependente (p menor igual a0,05) a morte celular induzida pela 6-OHDA (40 e 200 microM). Além disso preveniu o aumento de nitrito e a peroxidação lipídica. A FEC demonstrou atividade antiapoptótica e preveniu a necrose causada pela 6-OHDA (200 microM) (nos dois Protocolos estudados). O MIT (1, 10 e 100 microg/mL) protegeu tanto as células TH- quanto TH+ do dano induzido pela 6-OHDA (40 e 200microM) (em ambos os Protocolos), reduzindo os níveis de nitrito e a peroxidação lípidica. Também demonstrou uma potente atividade antiapoptótica. Estes resultados demonstram que a neuroproteção dos compostos estudados, FEC e MIT, se deva as ações antioxidante, além de uma proteção a nível mitocondrial destes polifenois, no caso do MIT também não se podendo descartar uma ação a nível de segundo mensageiro, via formação de inositol trifosfato e ativação de PKC. Os achados podem ter uma futura importância clínica em doenças neurodegenerativas tais como na Doença de Parkinson.

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21

Marais, Susan Jacqueline. "(Re-)inventing our selves/ourselves : identity and community in contemporary South African short fiction cycles". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016357.

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In this study I focus on a number of collections of short fiction by the South African writers Joël Matlou, Sindiwe Magona, Zoë Wicomb and Ivan Vladislavić, all of which evince certain of the characteristics of short story cycles or sequences. In other words, they display what Forrest L. Ingram describes as “a double tendency of asserting the individuality of [their] components on the one hand and of highlighting, on the other, the bonds of unity which make the many into a single whole”. The cycle form, thus defined, is characterised by a paradoxical yet productive and frequently unresolved tension between “the individuality of each of the stories and the necessities of the larger unit”, between “the one and the many”, and between cohesion and fragmentation. It is this “dynamic structure of connection and disconnection” which singularly equips the genre to represent the interrelationship of singular and collective identities, or the “coherent multiplicity of community”. Ingram, for example, asserts that “Numerous and varied connective strands draw the co-protagonists of any story cycle into a single community. … However this community may be achieved, it usually can be said to constitute the central character of a cycle”. Not unsurprisingly, then, in its dominant manifestations over much of the twentieth century the short story cycle demonstrated a marked inclination towards regionalism and the depiction of localised enclaves, and this tendency towards “place-based short story cycles” in which topographical unity is a conspicuous feature was as pronounced in South Africa as elsewhere. However, the specific collections which are my concern here increasingly employ innovative and self-reflexive narrative strategies that unsettle generic expectations and interrogate the notions of regionalism and community conventionally associated with the short story cycle. My investigation seeks to explain this shift in emphasis, and its particular significance within the South African context.

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22

Fransman, Jolene. "Literary non-fiction and the unstable fault line of the imaginative and the reportorial : Antjie Krog’s, Country of my skull, Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela’s, A human being died that night and Sindiwe Magona’s, Mother to mother". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71882.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis explores the representation of personal narrative and nationhood within the genre of literary non-fiction written around the theme of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. The texts to be examined are Antjie Krog‟s, Country of My Skull, Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela‟s A Human Being Died That Night and Sindiwe Magona‟s Mother to Mother. The texts by Krog and Gobodo-Madikizela tell the story of apartheid‟s legacy from two different viewpoints. Their texts are filled with spatial patches of personal narrative which emphasize the impact apartheid had on two different South African cultures, thereby linking the personal to the national by exploring a subjective truth in their narratives. Both these authors were involved with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) in a professional capacity and through their respective ideologies the psyche of the apartheid perpetrator is examined, interrogated and analysed. Within the genre of literary non-fiction these two writers grapple with capturing the real, the objective, but simultaneously insist on doing so from a subjective vantage point. Sindiwe Magona‟s, Mother to Mother also centres on the theme of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and on the psyche of the perpetrator. This time, however, the perpetrator‟s psyche is explored through the lens of a narrator-mother in an address to the victim‟s mother. The most significant difference between this text and the other two is that the Magona text provides a fictional account of the TRC case in question. The ethical implications of a literary text with documentary subject matter, of a text that explores the intersections between fiction and non-fiction, surfaces again, and to a larger extent than in the other two texts, thereby further unsettling the line between the reportorial and the imaginative.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die verteenwoordiging van persoonlike vertelling en nasieskap in die genre van die literêre nie-fiksie wat geskryf is om die tema van die Waarheids-en Versoeningskommissie (WVK). Die tekste wat ondersoek word is Antjie Krog se Country of My Skull, Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela se A Human Being Died That Night en Sindiwe Magona se Mother to Mother. Die tekste van Krog en Gobodo-Madikizela vertel die storie van apartheid-nalatenskap uit twee verskillende standpunte. Hul tekste bestaan uit gereelde ruimtelike kolle van persoonlike verhaal wat die impak van apartheid op twee verskillende kulture van die land beklemtoon om sodoende die persoonlike aan die nasionale te koppel en „n subjektiewe waarheid van hul narratiewe na vore te bring. Albei hierdie skrywers was in 'n professionele hoedanigheid betrokke by die WVK en deur hulle onderskeie ideologieë word die psige van die apartheid oortreder ondersoek, ondervra en ontleed. Dit is binne literêre nie-fiksie waar hierdie twee skrywers swoeg om die werklike en objektiewe ten toon te stel terwyl hulle dit terseldertyd vanuit „n subjektiewe oogpunt wil benader. Sindiwe Magona se Mother to Mother draai ook om die tema van die Waarheids-en Versoeningskommissie en die psige van die oortreder. Hierdie keer, egter, is die oortreder-psige ondersoek deur die lens van 'n verteller-ma in 'n toespraak aan die slagoffer se ma. Die belangrikste verskil tussen hierdie teks en die ander twee is dat die Magona teks 'n fiktiewe vertelling bied van die WVK saak betrokke in hierdie geval. Die etiese implikasies van 'n literêre teks met 'n dokumentêre onderwerp kom weer na vore en tot 'n groter mate as die ander twee tekste, en daardeur word die fyn lyn van die literêre genres met 'n dokumentêre onderwerp omver gegooi.

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23

Matteini, David. "Entusiasmo e Rivoluzione. Il caso Adam Lux". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1121282.

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"Entusiasmo e Rivoluzione. Il caso Adam Lux" è il frutto di un’intensa riflessione da noi condotta nel corso degli ultimi anni, a partire dalla stesura della tesi magistrale in Letteratura tedesca (Viaggio in Italia e romanzo. Goethe e Sade) fino alle più recenti esperienze estere (Francia e Germania). La nostra predisposizione a intrecciare la passione per la cultura del Settecento con l’analisi dei fenomeni politici, sociali e antropologici del moderno e del contemporaneo raggiunge qui un alto livello di pragmatica maturità. Il lavoro è incentrato sulla figura, pressoché inedita, di Adam Lux, giacobino tedesco nato a Magonza nel 1765 e morto a Parigi nel novembre del 1793 in piena temperie rivoluzionaria, personaggio storico “liminare”, teso cioè tra un codice esistenziale pienamente premoderno (una formazione illuministica mista alla tradizione cristiana) e i nuovi modelli ontologici della modernità. La scelta di interrogarsi su un attore minore della storia non è stata casuale: il fatto di aver analizzato i testi filosofici e politici di una figura “assolutamente non-eccezionale” come quella di Lux rende ancora più emblematico un particolare ethos che ha interessato, pur con le dovute eccezioni, l’intera epoca rivoluzionaria. Questo sentimento generale è stato da noi individuato nell’entusiasmo, categoria filosofica e politica di lunga tradizione. È proprio all’entusiasmo che è dedicata la prima parte della tesi. Dopo una ricognizione storica dei dibattiti sorti intorno ad esso, abbiamo concentrato il nostro sguardo sull’evoluzione del concetto avvenuta nell’opera di Shaftesbury. È nell’autore inglese che abbiamo così rilevato un’importante cesura epistemologica che avrebbe influenzato fortemente l’epoca dei Lumi. Attraverso lo studio dell’influenza esercitata dall’entusiasmo shaftesburiano sulla cultura francese (Diderot, Rousseau) e tedesca (Leibniz, Wieland), abbiamo proceduto con l’analisi della tesi dottorale di Adam Lux, Enthusiasmus del 1784, da noi riscoperta e tradotta dal latino: l’operazione di inquadramento dell’Enthusiasmus nell’ampio contesto culturale dell’Europa del secondo Settecento apre nuove prospettive storiografiche riguardo l’importanza della pluralità di influenze per le mentalità dei futuri sostenitori della Rivoluzione francese. Il concetto di transfert culturale si fa infatti fondamentale strumento per comprendere il percorso intellettuale delle generazioni di secondo Settecento e le suggestioni letterarie sorte da esse. È così che nella seconda sezione del lavoro, abbiamo ricostruito, grazie ad un’approfondita ricerca negli archivi tedeschi e francesi, il contesto pedagogico, culturale e politico in cui Adam Lux è cresciuto. Dopo la riflessione filosofica, dunque, è stata la ricerca d’archivio e storica a imporsi nell’indagine. I numerosi documenti, atti politici e lettere manoscritte rinvenuti sono serviti a delineare la cornice dentro la quale si sarebbe formata la mentalità politica del giovane magontino. L’approccio “quantitativo-sociologico” della scuola degli Annales è stato così aggiornato con l’integrazione dei più recenti studi sull’immaginario politico e filosofico legato alla Rivoluzione francese. L’ultima sezione è incentrata sull’analisi degli scritti politici (per lo più pamphlettistici) di Adam Lux. Il peculiare cortocircuito ideologico messo in risalto all’interno di essi e nelle ritrovate testimonianze dei compagni di Lux si fa metonimia di un movimento dialettico che dall’entusiasmo universale e teleologico concettualizzato nella tesi giovanile di Lux ha cambiato radicalmente i suoi connotati verso un sentimento spirituale e lirico che richiama certi tratti tipici della prima stagione romantica europea. Si è allora approfondito questa linea interpretativa nell’analisi del panegirico luxiano Charlotte Corday e nelle conclusioni, pagine dedicate ad alcuni celebri personaggi della Frühromantik tedesca. Il riscontro, in quest’ultimi, di certi temi esistenziali sorti dalla biografia di Adam Lux avvalora la nostra tesi che intende, da un lato, ritrovare in Lux temi e motivi intellettuali e politici di un’epoca di rottura e, dall’altro, riscoprire e mettere in risalto il valore dello studio delle generazioni prerivoluzionarie per comprendere meglio non solo la Rivoluzione francese stessa, ma anche e soprattutto la letteratura e la cultura di cui son figlie.

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24

Mirza, Rishaad. "Sindiwe Magona : an analysis of Magona's works". Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10467.

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25

Glynn, Sarah Maeve. "Geochronology and evolution of the Magondi Belt". Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23463.

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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science at the University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Geology. Johannesburg 2017.
The Magondi Belt is a NE-trending Palaeoproterozoic mobile belt, composed of a succession of supracrustal metasediments and minor metavolcanics that is subdivided into the Deweras, Lomagundi and Piriwiri Groups. The Magondi Belt is located in north-west Zimbabwe and is bounded on its eastern flank by the Archaean Zimbabwe Craton and the Pan-African Zambezi Belt to the north. A connection between the Superior and Zimbabwe cratons has previously been made based on similarly aged dyke swarms across the two cratons. This matching magmatic barcode implies that the Superior and Zimbabwe cratons rifted away from one another circa 2.26 Ga based on the ages obtained for the Deweras lavas and the Chimbadzi Hill mafic intrusion. It was into this continental rift margin that the Magondi Supergroup sediments were deposited. The majority of the detrital and xenocrystic zircon ages from the Deweras Group are Archaean (2.86 to 2.63 Ga, with some inherited grains as old as 3.34 Ga); although a maximum depositional age of circa 2.29 Ga for the Deweras Group sedimentary rocks has been determined. Unconformably overlying these sediments, within an environment gradually transitioning from a passive margin into a back-arc basin environment, is the Lomagundi Group. These shallow marine sediments are then followed by those of the Piriwiri Group, deposited within a deeper water environment. Deposition of these two groups is constrained between 2.20 and 2.16 Ga, but may have continued up until the termination of the Magondi orogeny circa 1.99 Ga. According to the currently accepted model, the Magondi orogeny is the result of the Zimbabwe Craton colliding with an unknown continental mass, “Terra Incognita”, resulting in the formation of a Palaeoproterozoic Andean-type magmatic arc along the western margin of the Zimbabwe Craton (the arc is typified by the 2.06 - 2.02 Ga granites and gneisses of the Dete-Kamativi Inlier), which was subsequently thrust over the margin of the Zimbabwe Craton, the consequence of which was a Himalayan-style collision that resulted in high-grade metamorphism and the formation of collisional granitoids (e.g. the Hurungwe Granite) circa 1.99 Ga ago. It has also been established that the Dete-Kamativi Inlier, which flanks the western margin of the Zimbabwe Craton, is an extension of the Magondi Belt. Detrital zircons from paragneisses of the Malaputese Formation have ages ranging from 2.8 to 2.5 Ga, with the youngest grains constraining the maximum depositional age to be around 2.3 Ga. Thus, in terms of age and lithology, the correlation of the Malaputese Formation with the Deweras Group (maximum age of 2.29 Ga) is permissible. A south westward extension of 2.06 - 2.02 Ga granitoids – emplaced during the Magondi orogeny – is indicated by a number of localities in north-eastern Botswana and is believed to also be related to the Palaeoproterozoic magmatic arc. This study has recorded the first evidence of Archaean-aged basement within the Dete-Kamativi Inlier. Two orthogneisses with ages of 2.76 and 2.69 Ga provide strong evidence to suggest that the western margin of the Zimbabwe Craton may extend further to the west than previously recognised. It has also been confirmed, based on the recurrence of ~2.64 Ga aged zircons, in addition to older inherited grains ranging from 3.34 to 2.72 Ga, that the crust below the Magondi Belt is Archaean in age. This is not so, however, for the high-grade gneisses in the northern reaches of the Magondi Belt. It has been previously suggested that these supposed basement granites and gneisses represent an Archaean orogeny, but they are in fact Palaeoproterozoic in age, as represented by the syn-to-post-tectonic 2.02 Ga Hurungwe orthogneiss and the 1.95 Ga Kariba Granite. Additionally, a second, 1.96 Ga, orthogneiss contains zircons with younger metamorphic overgrowth rims that are Pan-African in age (545 Ma) and are attributed to the collision between the Kalahari and Congo cratons in the Neoproterozoic. It is therefore apparent that there is not enough evidence to support the existence of an Archaean “Hurungwe orogeny”. The Magondi orogeny was the heat source for a widespread mineralisation and metamorphic event between 2.15 and 2.03 Ga, based on titanite and apatite ages from samples of the Archaean Copper King and Copper Queen Domes within the Magondi Belt. There is also evidence of a second, younger, mineralisation event, which primarily affected both the Dete-Kamativi Inlier and the Choma-Kalomo Block (south east Zambia). U-Pb data on columbite-tantalite grains (corroborated by 40Ar-39Ar dating of mica separates) from tin-bearing pegmatites within both the Choma-Kalomo Block and the Dete-Kamativi Inlier indicates that mineralisation occurred simultaneously within these two terranes between 1.06 and 0.98 Ga. The similarities (particularly with regards to mineralisation), between the Choma-Kalomo Block and the Dete-Kamativi Inlier imply that these two terranes had a shared history, potentially as far back as the Palaeoproterozoic, but were certainly juxtaposed by 1.06 Ga when the pegmatites were emplaced. The previously undated metasediments of the Choma-Kalomo Block have revealed an abundant Palaeoproterozoic component (2.04 - 1.86 Ga), contradicting the prevailing understanding that the Choma-Kalomo Block is solely Mesoproterozoic in age (on account of the granitoids, which were previously dated at 1.37 and 1.18 Ga). The Choma-Kalomo Block was also thought to constitute an exotic terrane with respect to the neighbouring Dete-Kamativi Inlier and Archaean Zimbabwe Craton. Based on the geochronology presented here, a new model is proposed whereby the thinner lithosphere beneath the Choma-Kalomo Block is either a primary feature or one that resulted from subduction erosion and delamination processes associated with the formation of multiple continental margin magmatic arcs.
MT 2017

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26

Piqueira, Carminda. "Bullying-não...isso magoa". Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/29449.

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O Bullying define principalmente os atos de violência física ou psicológica entre crianças/adolescentes, alunos e/ou grupos de alunos, geralmente nas escolas ou suas proximidades, com ou sem razão aparente e de forma intencional e continuada. A violência/bullying pode provocar perturbações de ansiedade, sono e de alimentação, a obesidade, a depressão e os comportamentos sexuais de risco e em casos extremos o suicídio. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e caracterizar a vitimização e a agressão através do bullying numa escola básica do 2º e 3º ciclo na grande Lisboa, em alunos de 3º ciclo. A amostra foi constituída por 74 alunos (53 raparigas e 21 rapazes), com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 17 anos, sendo que a média foi de 14 anos. O instrumento utilizado foi um questionário de Dan Olweus (1989), adaptado para a língua portuguesa e validado para a população escolar por Pereira e Tomás (1994 cit. em Pereira, 2008) e revisto por Melim (2011), de caráter anónimo. Após análise dos dados obtidos através do questionário, constatámos práticas de agressão que denunciavam a ocorrência de bullying numa percentagem de 17,6% de vitimização (vítimas), 6,6% afirmaram-se agressores e 4,0% as chamadas vítimas agressoras, já 82,4% identificaram-se como não envolvidos. Os locais onde mais ocorrem estes casos são o recreio seguido da sala de aula.

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27

Ou, Dong-Lie y 歐棟烈. "The Changes in Magong Central Business District". Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11784760451614150519.

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碩士
國立高雄師範大學
地理學系
92
The thesis will explore changes in Magong CBD, mainly through Historical Geography and Urban Geography. Location of CBD and commercial activities in different times and their changes are judged based on commercial street maps of Magong City in different periods, classification of village commerce by statistics of commercial businesses in the telephone book, and districts with highest land price. To present current situation of CBD, field investigation was conducted. Finally, changes of CBD are explained through documentation and inference in terms of population, traffic, city planning, and commercial organization, and two conclusions are made. 1 Before 1895, CBD was originally formed in Lowerstreet of Jhongyang Village due to being situated near Magong Harbor and large population. During Japanese Occupation (1895~1945) CBD shifted to Upperstreet of Jhongyang Village owing to smaller population and city planning. From 1945 to 1991 CBD changed to Mincyuan Road in Chongcing Village on account of increasing population, popularity of motorcycles, and city planning. Between 1991 and 2004 CBD moved to Jhongjheng Road in Changan Village owing to spreading of population, popular uses of cars, extension of city planning, commercial organization and foreign enterprise. 2 Establishment of traditional market attracts low and middle class businesses and causes them to shift thereby causing original market in CBD to be a zone of discard but promoting the business of shops and stores around the original market. In the process of transition, the new commercial district has service business and trade of high-priced commodities has replaced the former CBD and become the new one.

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28

Sentsho, Segametse Christina. "Determinants of food security among rural households in Magong, Northwest Province, South Africa". Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/3378.

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Thesis (M. Sc. Agriculture (Agricultural Economics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2020
Food security is a broad concept especially as far as rural food security in countries is concerned. In essence, it is a phenomenon with the goal of ensuring that all individuals have at all times, an adequate level of food and which they will be able to utilize to meet their increasing consumption demand. Studies have shown that like other countries, South Africa is food secure at the national level but very food insecure at the household level. It is also shown that food insecurity is not fuelled by a lack of food but a lack of food insecurity tackling strategies. The aim of the study is to examine the determinants of food security among rural households in Magong, North West Province, South Africa where the main prevalent economic activity is farming supported with other formal and informal types of employment. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the respondents that were interviewed. The first stage involved selecting districts and the second stage was the selection of municipalities. Farm and non-farming households were selected. Structured questionnaire were administered to 108 households. The third stage involved a selection Magong village using purposive sampling based on high concentration of both farming and non-farming activities were selected, which in our case is Magong. The fourth stage involved the selection of respondents based on simple random sampling proportionate to size. The study employed logit model for as data analysis. Of the variables modelled, only income and land size had a significant influence on food security. As far as age is concerned, it was evident that the youth participation in agriculture lacks. This is because most young people are still after white collar jobs. Some were still in the academic world awaiting their certificates which they hope to use a ticket to their first job. The participation in agriculture increases steadily between ages 31 and 50 which could be because the persons in this age brackets were looking for ways to store their wealth as they approach their retirement age. Some of the respondents have inherited the farms from family members and are therefore “forced” to keep the family business running for the sake of sustainability. With regards to the marital status, there is a high number of single/ never married respondents compared to the other groups. This could be people co-habiting and choosing not to marry as a result of the economic conditions making marriage costs unaffordable. Divorce was at its lowest amongst the respondents.v In terms of the gender of the respondents, there was a high participation of women in agriculture. This may be a result of women-based agricultural programmes implemented in the past in the study area. All the variables had a positive relationship with food security. Age had a positive effect of food security, with a positive parameter (β=0.013) which indicated that contrary to what other researchers found, an increase in age when all other factors are held constant, resulted in an increase in food security. The marital status of the household head also positively affected food security. This indicated that compared to their unmarried counterparts, married household heads were food secure (β=0.049). The findings also indicated that married couples and people living with partner had a higher chance of being food secure than those who were single, divorced or widowed. According to the results, male headship of households increases food security by 0.398. It was found that the larger the household size, the more food secure it is. This may be because as the number of members in the household increase, they find more ways of making money and combating food insecurity. A unit increase in household size increases food security by .093 while an increase in land size, increases food security by 0.394. This is expected because as the land size increases, there are chances that the productivity will also increase. From the results of the survey household income had a positive effect on food security. Income is very important as it determines the household’s affordability and its ability to meet its needs

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29

Tsai, Wan-Chian y 蔡菀倩. "The Influential Factors of Cruises Tourism Development at Magong Port for TIPC". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38797910862206177759.

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碩士
國立高雄海洋科技大學
航運管理研究所
104
Cruise tourism is rising and booming in Asia recently, and there are many advantageous positions for geographical distribution in Taiwan, that the potential market and great development of cruise tourism is included in this region. Especially Penghu, the most plentiful resource of sightseeing for cruise tourism that attracts TIPC (Taiwan International Port Co.) is engaged in cooperation with international cruise liners to exploit the new property. This paper’s purpose is to explore the key-success factors of developing cruise tourism in Penghu. The preliminary results showed that three influential factors including “promoting the attraction of local culture activities”, “intensifying the characteristics of nature sightseeing in Penghu”, and “TIPC strengthened the relationships and cooperation with local government of Penghu”, those are the key-success factors for developing international cruise tourism industry in Penghu.

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30

Baloyi, Tsakani Mekie. "Exploring psychological stress, effects and coping resources among orphans in Magona Village of Malamulele Community in Thulamela Municipality, Limpopo Province". Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/811.

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31

LU, WEN-CHIEN y 呂文傑. "A study on the Sampans fishery culture of the Magong area in Penghu". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4qb627.

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碩士
國立澎湖科技大學
行銷與物流管理系服務業經營管理碩士在職專班
107
The sampan of Penghu, also known as the big-eyed ship (due to front bow have two stylized eyes, legend has it that these eyes protect the boat from monster or evil spirits and grant fisherman safe voyage), was an important means of livelihood for the early Penghu fishermen. It was branded in the older generation of Penghu fisherman’s distant memories. With time, changes in environment, advancement in fishery technology, and continue strive efficiency. The sculling Oar Sampan gradually been transformed, replaced, and slowly faded into the traditional Penghu fishery culture. This research is through the reflection of the big-eyed sampan sculling competition sponsor by the public department of Penghu County, and then explores the research on the sampan fishery culture in the Magong area of Penghu. The semi-structured in-depth interview method, through oral interview with retired fishman and local elders in the Magong area of Penghu, supplemented by the various written texts and historical documents, in attempts to restore and document the early Penghu Magong Sampan fishery culture.The relationship between natural and cultural backgrounds in the fishery culture, the evolution of fishing method and gear, the sea area and the fishing port environment. The results of this study found that： First, in the early days’ of sampan, no seaport available to be dock the samapn. Most of the fishermen utilized space of the cove as a place berth their sampam, the cove geographic location provides shelter and protection against the northeast monsoon as the first choice for entry and exit. As the fishing village population became denser, settlements thus shaped. Second,the types of fisheries in the Magong area can be divided into the Magong port region, the Islands region, the Inner Sea region and the Pengnan region. The fishery culture of each regional type develops its own uniqueness according to the different natural and humanistic environments of the region, and it is worthy of further exploration. Third, with the evolution in fishery technology, motorization and advancement in boat design, Sampan can still can be seen and used by our local Penghu fishermen. Obviously, the Sampan was not quickly replaced and disappeared, indicating that the replacement or conversion process from manpower sampan to motorization replacement or transformation is actually slower than expected.

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32

王惠君. "The Changes Of Livelyhood Style And The Development Of Settlement In Xiwei, Magong City". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57855889252322855095.

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碩士
國立高雄師範大學
地理學系
103
In this research, I want to know why the ancestors in Xiwei, Magong City(馬公市西衛) selected the Xiwei settlement cultivating. Also I try to clarify the factors of the increasing population and households in the Xiwei settlement. Last I aim to investigate the change process of the Xiwei settlement development. Xiwei Wang ancestry settled in Penghu late, so they could only select poor farming conditions like Xiwei. Based on security at the same time , they chose Xiwei, a military defense, cultivating. Because of survival needs, they developed fisheries in the sea. In this old settlement, based on it’s locational advantage and special coast terrain. So, Xiwei ancestors built the temple and developed settlement near the fishing port. From 1976 to 2000, Urban Planning resulted in the growth of population and the number of households. Futhermore from 2001 to 2013, decree and policy made population and households grow again. As to the changes of the settlement development, premises centered in the old Xiwei community before 1980. But during 1981 to 1991, premises centered in Lequn Street and Wufu Road. From 1992 to 2001, premises centered in the Xiwei old community and Wufu Road area. Then from 2002 to 2013, new buildings centered in Xiwei and Wufu Road ; most of them are the sites of “farmland changing into building.” Xiwei settlement residents also showed significant changes. From the Ching Dynasty residents had been farmers and fishermen. But after 2001, dockworkers and fishermen have accounted for two-thirds, and public officials for one-third. Most Xiwei commercial activities are aquaculture, food manufacturing and business. Stone tidal weir’s property is unknown; swine feed went out of the market; aquaculture continues operating; noodles manufacturing is unshakable; bed-and-breakfast industry is flourishing.

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33

Wu, Chen-tien y 吳楨典. "The Investment Benefits Analysis on Desalination Plant- The Case Study of Penghu Magong Desalination Plant". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33424117446946668399.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
財務金融研究所
96
The off-shore Islands of Taiwan have long dry period, take Penghu as the example, the terrain of Penghu is even, so the ground water does not flow frequently. The climate here is arid and windy. The reservoirs are empty so often, if we the reservoir for our water supply. For our experience, the water supply volume of Penghu per day is approximately 30,107 tons. If Penghu completely stops using the ground water, the volume of water supply would reduce 17,182 tons. Therefore developing the new water resources system is the important and urgent topic for the shore-off Islands. However Penghu is around the sea, and the unpolluted sea water of Penghu makes this island be the best place for constructing seawater desalination factory. But how to manage and construct the seawater desalination factory is entirely different from managing other public constructs of government. The main reason is the price fixing police of water. The factory can not price the water basic on their manufacturing cost. It means building the sea water desalination factory is not a valuable business, if and only if the government can provide the subsidies for whole plan. However if the subsidy is not given in the appropriate way t, it may losing the meaning for introducing the popular fund. The guarantees price of certain volume water of Penghu West Islet seawater desalination factory, if the government buys the 750 tons qualified water from this factory by the guarantee price then the merchant is not willing to produce more than 750 tons qualified water. It is because the more water they made the more money they lost. It is not efficiency for the seawater desalination factory. Therefore an appropriate inducement is not only to decide how the merchant run the business but also to improve the efficiency when the government takes over. For this reason, let us discuss the Penghu Maqoung seawater desalination factory case. We will focus on the paid BTO pattern and the BOT pattern financial analysis to evaluate the benefit of the investment. Besides, we will take the changing of the cost, the financing interest rate and the operating cost as the factors to do the movement sensitivity analysis. The object is how these three factors affect this project. By this research we will mainly discuss the influence of the popular organization, and we will neglect the government and other departments. We separately calculate the net present value, internal rate of return method, internal reward rate, the discount payback period and other related data. By doing the development we can determine the influence of the popular participating public construction.

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34

Su, Mei-Hsiu y 蘇美秀. "A Research of Important Factors for Public Sector Organizational Reengineering：An Empirical Study for Magong City Office". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50209209661010401820.

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碩士
國立澎湖科技大學
服務業經營管理研究所碩士在職專班
104
This research is a case studyfor Magong City Office of Penghu County. Literature review is based on organization structure, transformation leadership, and organization culture and creates the research structure and questionnaire. This study approach applies Modified Delphi Method to obtain the important factors. Then applying the Analysis Hierarchy Process acquires the weight of key factors for organizational reengineering of Magong City Office. By exploring organizational structure, transformational leadership, and organizational culture, this research analyzes the reorganization key factors for Magong City Office to improve the conditions for successful organizational reengineering. The conclusions of this study are following：The order of the main criteria is transformation of leadership the first, then organization culture, and organization structure the last. Under second criteria, the order of each main criterion summarizes as followings.: First, under the aspect of transformational leadership, the order of importance is inspirational motivation, individnalized consideration, intellectual stimulation. Second, the aspect of organization culture, the order of importance is supportive the most, innovative the next, and bureaucratic the least. Third, under the aspect of organizational structure, the order of importance is the factor of formalization the most, the factor of complication the next, and the factor of centralization the least.

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35

How, Yow-rong y 侯又榕. "An Exploratory study of Peng hu hight School Student’s Place Attachment toward Centro Block in Magong". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67392638304649609591.

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碩士
國立中山大學
公共事務管理研究所
95
Penghu island is not only a unique and various ecological environment in the subsidiary , but also in it’s culture.But these peculiar culture gradually disappearance because of urbanizing, and tourist prevailing. It was once the first street of Penghu, and had the important value and can’t be replaced on the history and culture of Penghu, through development plan and then, the residential district''s meaning to resident still exists. Can it’s still called the first street of Penghu？ Does the residents identification changed ? This research reviews and analyses the background which depends on the sense and collects the central street and is correlated with upgrading the transformation plan through documents, sketch the contours of resident''s impression map of the central block to complement in questionnaire investigation way at the same time by way of interview, study the duty of high school of Penghu to grow to the sense of depending on of the central block, finds 1. It does not have too outstanding behavior to the sense of depending on of the central block. 2.High school students are not frequently aontacting contacting central street and many are affected by other people''s experience or their own interests. 3.It’s the block with historical significance. 4.Have special view and have history. 5.The attachement of centro block is not obvious different on psychology and behavior ,and their depend behavior is not obvious. 6. The identification sense of Psychological to the central block is more obvious. 7. It does not have obvious difference to the degree of attachement on the central block of the high school students of different backgrounds .8.The activity experience that the high school grows will influence the degree of attachement to the centrao block. 9.The image of centro block and the attitude of historyical rebuild will influence their attachement to centro block. These results can be offered to planner and administrator, conform with the environment which uses the demand in order to set up more comfortable environment while making the public affairs policy.

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36

Moodley, Logambal. "Linking private and public personal and political transition in Sindiwe Magona's forced to grow". Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9032.

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HSU, WEI-TZU y 許慰慈. "Advance with“food”：A Study on the Development and Inheritance of Food & Beverage Industry in Magong". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4675qd.

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碩士
國立澎湖科技大學
服務業經營管理研究所
102
Food is what matters to the people most. The expenses on banquets in Taiwan had been reported as notoriously high as the cost of building one superhighway decades ago by the Global Views Monthly. Nevertheless, the delicious cuisine has now become a new rise attraction for global tourists to visit Taiwan according to the survey of Tourism Bureau of Taiwan. Not surprisingly, the Penghu archipelago has famous in its service of fresh seafood. Yet few has noticed the bitterly competition resulted from the facts that Penghu owns the highest density of catering industry in Taiwan. To understand this interested phenomenon, we investigate the history of catering industry in Penghu and conduct eighteen in-depth interviews of restaurateurs in Magong city. The results showed the effects of the social, political, and economic change on its development. First of all, the changing size of the troop by policy at different stage has deeply determined the development and types of the catering industry. Secondly, the policy to promote Penghu Tourism Industry by local and central government since 1990s had help created new types of restaurants mainly focused on the tourists. Thirdly, the advancement in technology and equipment of better refrigeration was central to the service of many kind of seafood all year long. Last but not the least, the eighteen restaurants we visited are all the kind of family business and run by the original founder still. What could be a difficulty for them is the problem of the common lack of succession from their descendants. That’s a topic valued for future research.

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38

Su, Mei-Hsiu y 蘇美秀. "A Research of Important Factors for Public Sector Organizational Reengineering： An Empirical Study for Magong City Office". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/488358.

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碩士
國立澎湖科技大學
行銷與物流管理系服務業經營管理碩士在職專班
104
論文外文摘要： This research is a case studyfor Magong City Office of Penghu County. Literature review is based on organization structure, transformation leadership, and organization culture and creates the research structure and questionnaire. This study approach applies Modified Delphi Method to obtain the important factors. Then applying the Analysis Hierarchy Process acquires the weight of key factors for organizational reengineering of Magong City Office. By exploring organizational structure, transformational leadership, and organizational culture, this research analyzes the reorganization key factors for Magong City Office to improve the conditions for successful organizational reengineering. The conclusions of this study are following：The order of the main criteria is transformation of leadership the first, then organization culture, and organization structure the last. Under second criteria, the order of each main criterion summarizes as followings.: First, under the aspect of transformational leadership, the order of importance is inspirational motivation, individnalized consideration, intellectual stimulation. Second, the aspect of organization culture, the order of importance is supportive the most, innovative the next, and bureaucratic the least. Third, under the aspect of organizational structure, the order of importance is the factor of formalization the most, the factor of complication the next, and the factor of centralization the least.

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39

Hung, Wen-chien y 洪文傑. "The theory of rational way thought from local citizens on its tourism developments – research based on Penghu Magong". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34d7a2.

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碩士
國立臺南大學
生態旅遊研究所碩士班
99
ABSTRACT The Council of Penghu has set primary objective to help popularize its local tourism development. As to help increase the amount of tourists, there were always numbers of recreational activities and festivals in Penghu. But, one of the major weaknesses was its weather condition during winter season. It happens when strong northeasterly wind arrives in winter (off-peak season), as there were obvious difference in the decrease of tourists visit compared to summer (peak season). Therefore the proposal of set up casino in Penghu has been brought up repeatedly to inspire the tourism. Whether to set up casino has always been a controversial issue, so the government decides to held first ever civil vote in September 26th, 2009. The vote result showed that the locals did not like the idea of casino in Penghu, this forced the government needs to adjust its policies to help the tourism development. The result may also means that the local has different point of views on tourism development, and there are doubts on the benefits gain from this casino issue. The purpose of this research is to discuss from locals perspective based on theory of rational way thought, which will cause and stand a key factor in government’s tourism related policies. As this will be an important reference for future tourism development. The research scope and target are based on local citizens of Penghu (Magong) via using randomly questionnaires. There are total of 450 questionnaires, effective questionnaires are 401, which recycles at 89%. The data will be analysis and used based on proof results. From the research data results, the conclusions are as below: 1. Things which may influence local’s point of view on tourism development are: age, personal monthly income, local stay period and work in tourism industry or related fields. 2. Under the frame of rational way of thought from local’s point of view, the main factors are medical, traffic and enhancement of culture environment protection; other subjective standard factors includes the reward from tourism services and regularly discussion on tourism issues. 3. To explain from local’s point of view on the direction of tourism development issues, the senses control on participation-ability has proof further by using scheme-behavioral theory. The conclusions and suggestions based on this research are that the Penghu council shall start improving medical treatment and traffic while strengthen the development on tourism. Also meanwhile reduce the negative impact on ecological culture environments. With assistance and fair policy will help local tourism providers gain better profits. The supporting ii and recommending discussions on tourism development issues will bring forth the ability of participation from locals and further increase the human resources within tourism industry. Finally, enlarge the supporters on tourism development related issues.

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40

Hung, Yun-Chung y 洪允中. "An analysis of business patterns and outsourcing items of outlying island B&B in Magong and Jibei". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p48x77.

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碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
運動休閒與餐旅管理研究所
104
The purpose of the research is to explore the relationships between the operating processes and the feasibility of outsourcing at B & B. This research adopted semi-structured interview in Magong and Jibei. The objects of this study are the owners from six B & B in Magong and Jibei. The results indicate that, first, B & B owners intend to outsource five tasks from their operating items, such as, pick-up service, breakfast providing, activities arranging, supplies cleaning, and housekeeping. Second, the reasons why B&B owners have demand of outsourcing are the lack of time, labor, and professional competence. Third, due to different location and operating forms, the tasks, which B&B owners wish to outsource in Magong, differ from the tasks that B&B owners wish to outsource in Jibei. The research suggests that when B & B owners carry out outsourcing strategy, they should collaborate with each others to improve the quality and decrease the cost of the outsourcing service.

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41

CHEN, CHUN-YUN y 陳儁昀. "Interpretive Study on the Leisure Constraints and Customer Satisfaction of Introductory Scuba Diving in Magong, Penghu and Liuqiu, Pingtung". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64pd92.

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碩士
國立澎湖科技大學
觀光休閒系碩士班
107
This study interprets both the leisure constraints and customer satisfaction of introductory scuba diving. As locations, the study focuses on two introductory scuba diving shops in Penghu, and two in Liuqiu, Taiwan. A total of 19 people were interviewed, including 4 diving shop owners, 7 diving instructors, and 8 customers. The in-depth interviews used triangulation to compare data obtained from the owners, instructors, and customers. Ear equalization was the most common leisure constraint for owners and instructors. Before scuba diving, customers were excited to see marine life, expecting to find corals and fish in Penghu and sea turtles in Liuqiu. Customer satisfaction was affected by instructor-customer interaction, the marine environment, and the reliability of instructors. Leisure constraints were affected by technical skills and weather conditions. There was a little cognitive gap of the marine environment for the customers after diving; for example, customers expected to find sea turtles but did not. This study also tries to find understanding the thinking among shop owners, diving instructors, and customers.

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42

CHUAN, SU SHU y 蘇淑娟. "The Investigation study on the Remote Islander’s People Awareness about Cultural and Creative Plan – A Case study of Magong City". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nw527y.

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碩士
正修科技大學
工業工程與管理研究所
103
英文摘要 The research discusses the recognition and thoughts of cultural and creative activities among local people in Makung city, Penghu County, Taiwan. The main goal of this report is to find out whether the cultural and creative activities can improve the local touring development, international exchange experience, and quality of life of the locals. The results can help government build up a new commercial environment to enhance the quality of life in Makung. To find out the recognition differences among multiple groups, this paper adopts the TOPSIS method to analysis the historic documents, paper reviewing, and results from dedicated questionnaires. From the research results, how to advertise and promote the cultural and creative activities widely to people in Taiwan is an urgent issue. Since Makung city locates in an off-shore island, how to attract people to involve in the activities and to invite famous actors and performing groups are great challenges for the organizers. In addition, Makung citizens doubt the capability of profession personnel who organize the activity. Therefore, in order to attain the trust from citizens is to learn actively, work hard, and be enthusiastic to serve Makung citizens with professional and exciting cultural and creative activities. Finally, the research results can help the activity organizers to plan their activity. We hope the future cultural and creative activities can be highly professional and meet the needs of Makung citizens. Keywords: Magong City, Cultural and creative activities, Cultural and creative industry, TOPSIS

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43

Huang, Chen-jen y 黃俊仁. "The Impacts of Lifting The Ban on Opening Casino on The Economy of Commercial Districts –The Example of Penghu Magong Tourist Commercial District". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84007102349298725504.

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碩士
世新大學
觀光學研究所(含碩專班)
95
Developing Casio business in Penghu Island is one of the most important options in Penghu long term tourist business development. Recently, some countries try to legalize casino business. Singapore for example established a “Casino Law” to combine its tourism and casino business together to increase its economic benefit and the growth of the tourism business. However, opening the casino market in Taiwan is not just the issues of development and social moral. The impacts on the economy of Commercial Districts in Penghu need to be considered as well. This paper focuses on how the casino business in Taiwan will impact the local commercial districts and what strategies can be used to reduce the impacts. This research combines interviews and a tourism industry survey to determine the following purposes: 1.To research how the general commercial districts understand the impact of establishing casino in Penghu and Magong. 2.To research how the specific organizations in commercial districts understand the impact of establishing casino. 3.To understand the strategies of the commercial districts have on the impact 4.To analyze the relationships between the strategies and the impact on the economy. Based on the research findings, we conclude: 1.In general, the impacts on the economy of the commercial districts are different in some degree. It depends on the characteristics of the business owners and their chamber of commerce. 2.Different participants in commercial districts have significant differences in understanding the three dimensions of the economic benefit of the commercial districts. The three dimensions are: the economic benefits on the commercial districts, the economic benefits on a single store, and the operations of the store. It shows the active participants have higher positive acknowledge on the impact of the casino. 3.There are strong dependencies on the government’s business regulations for the majority of business owners. However, the dependency on the chamber of commerce are different depends on the roles the participants play in the commercial districts. 4.There is a significant positive relationship between the economic benefits and the government regulations. In other words, the higher expectations the commercial districts have, the heavier dependencies they have on the government and commercial district regulations.

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44

Lin, Yen-Chun y 林彥君. "A Study on the Space and Management of B&B on Island －Cases on Magong，Huxi、Baisha and Xiyu in Penghu，Taiwan。". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66061921460779376144.

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碩士
東海大學
建築學系
101
In recent years, the B&Bs (beds and breakfasts) in Taiwan have grown rapidly and diversified. As a big island, Taiwan has tremendous potential for marine tourism on its tortuous coastline. In Penghu, with its typical island environment, the natural geographical conditions and the flourish tourist and travel industry have helped the prosperity of B&Bs. So it is very important to understand how the B&B operators grasp the characteristics of island and marine resources in Penghu. With Magong City, Husi, Baisha and Siyu Township as subject area, the study gave a survey of background, case interviews and data analyses of B&Bs with respect to their spatial characteristics and operating types. The purpose of the study is to explore the spatial characteristics and the advantages and disadvantages of marine tourist operation by those island-based B&Bs in Penghu and the correlations between such B&B and traveling model there. The study employed governmental data gatherig, online general survey and field investigation and interviews from June 28 to October 5, 2011 to obtain in-depth understanding of B&Bs. Through field exploration, interviews and tourist questionnaire survey, I divided the B&Bs by the characteristics with respect to island condition into three types: “urban-type”, “suburban type” and “sea-side type”. 1.Urban-type Located along the street of settlements, living facilities are convenient, many stores nearby, frequent historical and temple activities, more nostalgic atmosphere and more convenient offshore transportation for being near the port. 2.Suburban-type Located along connective highway with convenient public transportation for linking outside. Such B&Bs are often interest-driven and the owners like to collect or to make artistic works and share with customers through decorating their houses with these works. 3.Seaside-type Located in remote coastal areas and its appearance is unique and in bright color. They usually have floor to ceiling windows, outdoor terrace, garden dining space and provide opportunities for overlooking and enjoying ocean views, such as offshore (canoeing, surfing) sports, water, beach, wooing activities and intertidal experiences. This study found that there is close relationship between island-based B&Bs and ocean landscape resources in Penghu. Most of visitors were female who preferred romantic sea-side B&Bs in which they can overlook the sea. “Amicable and friendly services by the owner” is on the top of demands from tourists. The other reasons of preference for visitors to Penghu include sea-scape resourses, the demands of environment and locations, and the emphasis on spatial arrangement and operation of B&Bs. Keywords: island-based tounism, Urban-type B&Bs, suburban-type B&Bs, seaside-type B&Bs

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YU, WU HSIAO y 吳孝瑜. "The Research on Cost Effectiveness Evaluation of Wind: Turbine-Case Study on Evaluations of Position-Selection For Magong Weather Radar Station Using Wind Turbine". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/phrg4n.

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碩士
中華科技大學
土木防災與管理碩士班
103
In recent years, the abnormal climate phenomena caused by global warming spotlights the issue; both of the suppression to the carbon dioxide emissions and the renewable energy are crucial to the energy policy. Renewable energy includes hydropower, wind power, solar energy, geothermal energy, bio energy and tidal power; among which the wind power is the most well-developed and commercialized. Present wind power facilities still require high cost, and without competitiveness; however, wind power can still play the role of the assistance for the energy and the environment. This article uses the data of the energy generated by windpowers of the Magong-Husi and Jhongtun from 2012 to 2014; which can check the factors to the capacity as well as assess the application of the windpower facilities for dual-polar metric radars. This research selects the same model applied at Magong-Husi and Jhongtun windfarms, the German ENERCON E-53/800kw, with a start-up wind speed of 2m/s as the base of analysis. While with the capacity of 37.6%, the energy generated at Magong-Husi can be up to 2,635,008kw; the available energy can be 2,472,218kw, after deducting the annual consumption of 162,790kw by the dual-polar metric radar. In addition, this research utilizes engineering economics to the feasibility of different methods as well as the efficiency by the cost of wind turbines, peripheral engineering, lands and the mingling of wires. The results show the installment of no less than 4 sets of E-53/800kw would be required for cost-effectiveness; but 2 sets should be enough once if with the consideration of carbon tax and energy saving from dual-polar metric radars. This research also indicates the different parameters of wind power, and can be referred by relevant authorities for the renewable energy. Keywords: wind turbine, cost-effectiveness, engineering economics analysis, site selection evaluation

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46

JIANG, SHU-FANG y 江淑芳. "A Study on Influences of Learner Background Factors and Self-Regulated Learning on English Learning Achievement of Ninth Graders in Magong Junior High School in Penghu County". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8y4h37.

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碩士
國立臺北教育大學
教育經營與管理學系
107
This study aims to explore the relationships between the students’ self-regulated learning and their English learning achievement. This study also investigate the influences of learner background variables on English self-regulated learning and English learning achievement, and the influences of English self-regulated learning on English learning achievement. The participants were 385 ninth graders of Magong Junior High School in Penghu County. The grades of the school exam were adopted as their English learning achievement. The data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed by descriptive statistics and regression analyses. The results are as follows: (1) The ninth graders of Magong Junior High School regulated their English learning well. The scores of motivation, metacognition and goal-setting were higher than time management. (2) The English learning achievement of ninth graders in Magong Junior High School was above the basic standard. (3) The female ninth graders regulated their English learning better than the males. The female ninth graders’ English learning achievement was higher than the males’. (4) The ninth graders with high level socioeconomic status regulated their English learning better and had better English learning achievement. (5) The higher the ninth graders’ English self-regulated learning, the higher the English learning achievement they reached. According to the results from this study, suggestions were offered for the English teachers’ reference and the future research.

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47

Lin, Chao-Wei y 林兆韋. "Study on Correlation between Business Cycle in Taiwan and Number of Air Transport Passengers: Evidence from the Taipei Songshan Airport, Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport, Kaohsiung International Airport, Hualien Airport and Magong Airport". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p7q948.

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碩士
國立東華大學
企業管理學系
102
This study aims to probe into factors and correlation between business cycle in Taiwan and number of air transport passengers. It applies the Taipei Songshan Airport, Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport, Kaohsiung International Airport, Hualien Airport and Magong Airport as reference. Data cover from January 1997 to October 2012, totaling 190 months. Upon base dates of business cycle in Taiwan announced by the National Development Council, Executive Yuan, highs and lows of the weighted stock index in Taiwan set by this study and number of air transport passengers in the airports, this study analyzes and validates their relations surrounding the highs and lows. According to empirical results of this study: (1) when business in Taiwan is at the peaks, the number of air transport passengers in Magong Airport fluctuates more significantly; (2) when business in Taiwan is at the peaks, the number of air transport passengers in Hualien Airport, Kaohsiung International Airport, Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport and Taipei Songshan Airport fluctuate insignificantly; (3) when business in Taiwan is at the lows, the number of air transport passengers in Magong Airport fluctuates more significantly; (4) when business in Taiwan is at the lows, the number of air transport passengers in Taipei Songshan Airport, Hualien Airport, Kaohsiung International Airport and Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport fluctuates insignificantly; (5) when the weighted stock index in Taiwan is at the peaks, the number of air transport passengers in Magong Airport fluctuates more significantly; (6) when the weighted stock index in Taiwan is at the peaks, the number of air transport passengers in Taipei Songshan Airport, Kaohsiung International Airport, Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport and Hualien Airport fluctuates insignificantly; (7) when the weighted stock index is at the lows, the number of air transport passengers in Magong Airport, Hualien Airport, Kaohsiung International Airport and Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport fluctuates more significantly; (8) when the weighted stock index in Taiwan is at the lows, the number of air transport passengers in Taipei Songshan Airport fluctuates insignificantly.

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48

Maluleke, Mashangu Justice. "Comparative analysis of activity based costing as an alternative to the traditional costing methods in SASSA". Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26798.

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Abstracts in English, Xhosa and Afrikaans
The South African Social Security Agency (SASSA) is the mechanism that enables service delivery to alleviate poverty in South Africa through the payment of social grants as mandated by the Social Security Agency Act No. 9 of 2004. The rapid increase of social grant beneficiaries in the past decade, fuelled by social inequality, directly affects the administration cost associated with social grants. This study aimed to investigate the allocation of indirect costs related to the administrative elements that makes it possible for SASSA to pay social grants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted; the study concluded that ABC (activity-based costing) could be implemented as an alternative to the traditional costing (TC) method on a pilot project basis. The study also recommended a framework for SASSA to consider in laying the foundation to start the process of ABC implementation. Drawing from the research conducted, further studies on the implementation of ABC principles within the public sector could be pursued.
Ejensi ya Vuhlayiseki bya Vanhu ya Afrika Dzonga ku nga South African Social Security Agency (SASSA) i ndlela leyi endlaka leswaku mphakelo wa vukorhokeri wu koteka ku hunguta vusweti eAfrika Dzonga hikwalaho ka ku hakeriwa ka timalimpfuneto ta vanhu (social grants) tanihileswi swi pfumeleriweke hi Nawu wa Social Security Agency Act 9 wa 2004. Ku ndlandlamuka ka vavuyeriwa va malimpfuneto ya vanhu swi khumbha hi ku kongomisa tihakelo ta vulawuri leti fambelanaka na timalimpfuneto ta vanhu. Dyondzo leyi yi kongomisiwile eka ku lavisisa mphakelo wa tihakelo to ka ti nga kongomisi leti fambelanaka na swiyenge swa vulawuri leswi endlaka leswaku SASSA yi kota ku hakela timalimpfuneto ta vanhu. Ku endliwe ti-semi-structured interview. Dyondzo yi kumile leswo ti-activity-based costing (ABC) ti nga tirhisiwa hi ndlela yo cincana na maendlelo ya vupimahakelo bya ntolovelo eka projeke ya nkarhinyana. Dyondzo yi bumabumerile leswaku ku anakanyiwa rimba ro nyika mianakanyo yo sungula maendlelo yo tirhisa ABC.
Die “South African Social Security Agency” (SASSA) verlig armoede in Suid-Afrika deur ingevolge die “Social Security Agency Act” 9 van 2004 sosiale toelaes te betaal. Die aansienlike toename in die aantal begunstigdes het ŉ uitwerking op die administrasiekoste van sosiale toelaes. Hierdie studie ondersoek die toewysing van indirekte koste ten opsigte van die administratiewe elemente wat SASSA in staat stel om sosiale toelaes te betaal. Halfgestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer. In hierdie studie word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat aktiwiteitsgebaseerde kosteberekening (ABK) as ŉ alternatief vir en as ŉ proefprojek die tradisionele kosteberamingsmetode geïmplementeer kan word. ŉ Raamwerk word aanbeveel wat as ŉ grondslag kan dien vir die implementering van ABK.
College of Accounting Sciences
M. Phil. (Accounting Sciences)

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