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Literatura académica sobre el tema "LMA TECHNIQUE"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 11 de septiembre de 2023

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "LMA TECHNIQUE"

Desurkar, Vinayak N. "Combined TEE and LMA technique". Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 18, n.º 3 (junio de 2004): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2004.03.026.

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Krishna, Handattu Mahabaleswara y Laxmi Shenoy. "A rescue technique for LMA Classic insertion in unanticipated limitation of mouth opening". Indian Journal of Respiratory Care 03, n.º 02 (30 de noviembre de 2022): 497–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/ijrc-3-1-497.

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Sudden unanticipated limitation in mouth opening can cause serious problems in airway management. We report a case in which mouth opening became restricted after induction of anaesthesia resulting in inability to insert LMA Classic by standard insertion technique. An alternative technique consisting of LMA insertion without intraoral manipulation was used in this case as a rescue technique and LMA could be inserted successfully.

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Macario, Alex, Pearl C. Chang, Dan B. Stempel y John G. Brock-Utne. "A Cost Analysis of the Laryngeal Mask Airway for Elective Surgery in Adult Outpatients". Anesthesiology 83, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 1995): 250–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199508000-00003.

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Background Since the introduction of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) into the United States in 1991, the device has become widely used in anesthesia practice. The purpose of this economic analysis was to use existing data to evaluate the costs of the LMA relative to three other common airway management techniques and to identify the variables that had the greatest effect on cost efficiency. Methods We evaluated four airway management techniques for healthy adults receiving an isoflurane-nitrous oxide-oxygen anesthetic for elective outpatient surgery: (1) LMA with spontaneous ventilation; (2) face mask with spontaneous ventilation; (3) tracheal intubation after succinylcholine with subsequent spontaneous ventilation; and (4) tracheal intubation after nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade and controlled ventilation. We analyzed published clinical studies of the LMA and obtained cost data from Stanford University Medical Center. The best available estimates of the independent variables were incorporated into a baseline case. For each airway technique we derived cost equations that excluded costs common to all four techniques. Results Relative to airway management with an LMA, calculated values for the baseline analysis included additional isoflurane costs for use of a face mask ($ 0.12/min) and for tracheal intubation with ($ 0.043/min) and without neuromuscular blockade ($ 0.06/min). With a neuromuscular blocking drug cost of $ 0.21/min and an LMA cost per use of $ 20, the face mask with spontaneous ventilation was the cost-efficient airway choice for anesthetics lasting as long as 100 min. Increasing the LMA reuse rate from 10 to 25 made the LMA the least costly airway technique for cases lasting more than 70 min. Conclusions If the LMA is reused 40 times, the LMA is the cost-efficient airway choice for outpatients receiving an isoflurane-nitrous oxide-oxygen anesthetic lasting longer than 40 min. This finding does not change if the cost of neuromuscular blockade or the incidence of airway-related complications is varied over a clinically relevant range.

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Mariani, Gonzalo, María Virasoro, Sebastián Burgos, María Labanca, Pablo Otero y Cristian Bernardo. "Surfactant Administration through Laryngeal Mask Airway: A Randomized Controlled Study in Rabbits". American Journal of Perinatology 35, n.º 07 (8 de diciembre de 2017): 669–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608931.

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Background Minimally invasive techniques for surfactant administration for infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of moderate severity have been proposed. The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) helps in securing the airway without the need of laryngoscopy, but still requires the use of positive pressure ventilation (PPV) to flush surfactant into the lungs. Objective This article compares the effectiveness of two techniques for LMA surfactant administration, instillation into the LMA lumen followed by PPV versus direct laryngeal instillation through a preinserted feeding tube inside the LMA during spontaneous respirations. Study Design This is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of 18 rabbits with acquired respiratory distress after lung lavage. After surfactant was given, the rabbits remained on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Gas exchange parameters were assessed at baseline and at 30 minutes and lung parenchyma pathology features were analyzed. Results Time required for surfactant administration, oxygenation improvement, and histopathologic findings did not differ between groups. The new technique decreased the need of PPV (p < 0.05). Conclusion In this animal model, surfactant administration through a preinserted feeding tube within the LMA lumen is safe and effective while providing the benefits of a minimally invasive approach. This technique reduces the need of PPV and may prevent its potential risks.

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Goyal, Monica, Akanksha Dutt y Anjum S. Khan Joad. "Laryngeal mask airway insertion by classic and thumb insertion technique: a comparison". F1000Research 2 (9 de mayo de 2013): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-123.v1.

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We evaluated the efficacy of an alternative technique, for insertion of the silicone laryngeal mask airway (LMA) Classic™ in 40 American Society of Anesthesiologists grade ASA I and II patients scheduled for elective surgery. In group I (Index Finger group), the LMA was inserted by the classic index finger technique and, in group T (Thumb Insertion group), the thumb insertion technique was used. Ease of insertion, fiberoptic laryngoscopic position, cuff pressures and laryngopharyngeal morbidity were assessed in both study groups. On statistical analysis, both groups were comparable in all respects. From our study it can be concluded that thumb insertion is an effective insertion technique for the LMA Classic™.

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Raghavan, P., Mithun Raju P. y Arnold Plazid T. "Comparison of two insertion techniques of classic laryngeal mask airway: standard versus 90-degree rotation". International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, n.º 2 (23 de enero de 2017): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20170015.

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Background: Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) devices have been widely utilized as an alternative to tracheal intubation in various clinical situations. The rotation technique has been suggested to improve the insertion success rate of laryngeal masks. The objective of the present study was to compare the ease of insertion of laryngeal mask in terms of, success rate at the first attempt, number of LMA insertion attempts, time duration of LMA insertion and complications like blood stain on LMA and sore throat.Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted to compare the success rate of insertion at the first attempts between standard technique and 90 degree rotational technique at Department of Anaesthesiology, Amala institute of medical sciences, Thrissur, India during the period from March 2014-september 2015. A total of 160 patients each group consisting of 80 was included in the study after meeting inclusion criteria. Success rate of insertion at first attempts, number of insertion attempts, and insertion time of successful attempt, overall success rate, blood staining of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and postoperative sore throat were recorded.Results: Significant difference was existed between the two groups with regard to gender. Statistically insignificant differences were observed for demographics like age, weight, ASA grades between the two study groups. Significant differences were observed among the study groups on all findings of LMA insertion. Statistically insignificant difference was detected for the time of duration of LMA insertion and change in heart rate, but mean arterial pressure was found statistically significant between the two groups.Conclusions: This study found that 90 degree rotational technique has high success rate of insertion at first attempt & is less traumatic than standard technique.

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Stocks, Rose Mary S., Robert Egerman, Jerome W. Thompson y Michael Peery. "Airway Management of the Severely Retrognathic Child: Use of the Laryngeal Mask Airway". Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 81, n.º 4 (abril de 2002): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556130208100410.

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Successful airway management of an infant or child with moderate to severe retrognathia first requires recognition of a potential problem. If the child cannot be intubated in a standard fashion, the use of a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) should be considered. We describe two cases wherein a toddler and an infant with severe retrognathia failed multiple attempts at traditional intubation. Both had an anterior larynx and hypoplasia of the mandible. In both cases, a subsequent LMA was successfully placed. The severely retrognathic newborn or child presents to the physician a unique challenge in airway management. Techniques to manage this difficult pediatric airway are different from those used in the adult. Otolaryngologists should be aware of this intubation technique and include it in their armamentarium of airway-management strategies. The LMA is not recommended as the technique of choice for securing a difficult airway, but it is an effective alternative when indicated, and it might be life-saving.

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Messiha, A., D. Sumal, F. van Damme y M. Bater. "Modified technique in securing the LMA in multiple extractions". Oral Surgery 6, n.º 1 (22 de enero de 2013): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-248x.2012.01167.x.

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Kazemi, Asef Parviz, Mohammad Ali Daneshforooz y Shahriar Omidvari. "A Comparison between a Two Person Insertion Technique of Laryngeal Mask Airway and the Classic One Person Technique". Galen Medical Journal 2, n.º 4 (2 de diciembre de 2013): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v2i4.148.

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Background: Various studies are seeking to find new methods to improve techniques of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion and reduce possible complications. In this study, we embarked on a clinical study to investigate the advantages of a new insertion method of laryngeal mask and to compare it with the classic method.Materials and Methods: Two hundred patients aged 20-60 years old in 2012 were randomly divided into two groups allocated to receive either the new technique of insertion of LMA (two-person method) or the classic method (one-person method). In the two person method, jaw thrust and mouth opening is done by a technician and then anesthesiologist inserts the LMA. Oxygen saturation, time to insert laryngeal mask, end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure, and the ease of insertion in both groups were measured. The collected data were analyzed by using ANOVA test. P-value< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The measured end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide (ETCO2) and saturation of O2 were 31.68 mmHg and 98.87 % in the classic method and 30.47 mmHg and 99.42 % in the two-person method, respectively. These differences were statistically significant for both values. However, the discrepancy of insertion time and ease of insertion between the two groups were not statistically considerable.Conclusion: The new technique introduced in this study is associated with higher rate of success, as evidenced by enhancement of saturation of O2 and reduction of ETCO2. Therefore, this method could be considered as a safe and effective method in order to establish a secure airway in anesthetized patients in future studies.

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Soedarso, Doddy. "Accuration Insertion Lma with Video Laryngoscope Compare with Classic Technique". SOJ Anesthesiology & Pain Management 4, n.º 1 (21 de junio de 2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15226/2374-684x/4/1/00142.

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Tesis sobre el tema "LMA TECHNIQUE"

Adjei, Seth Akonor. "Refining Learning Maps with Data Fitting Techniques". Digital WPI, 2015. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/178.

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Learning maps have been used to represent student knowledge for many years. These maps are usually hand made by experts in a given domain. However, these hand-made maps have not been found to be predictive of student performance. Several methods have been proposed to find bet-ter fitting learning maps. These methods include the Learning Factors Analysis (LFA) model and the Rule-space method. In this thesis we report on the application of one of the proposed operations in the LFA method to a small section of a skill graph and develop a greedy search algorithm for finding better fitting models for this graph. Additionally an investigation of the factors that influence the search for better data fitting models using the proposed algorithm is reported. We also present an empirical study in which PLACEments, an adaptive testing system that employs a skill graph, is modified to test the strength of prerequisite skill links in a given learning map and propose a method for refining learning maps based on those findings. It was found that the proposed greedy search algorithm performs as well as an original skill graph but with a smaller set of skills in the graph. Additionally it was found that, among other factors, the number of unnecessary skills, the number of items in the graph, and the guess and slip rates of the items tagged with skills in the graph have an impact on the search. Further, the size of the evaluation data set impacts the search. The more data there is for the search, the more predictive the learned skill graph. Additionally, PLACEments, an adaptive testing feature of ASSISTments, has been found to be useful for refining skill graphs by detecting the strengths of prerequisite links between skills in a graph.

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Martínez, Brito Juan. "Characterization of Dielectric Samples at Microwave Frequencies Using Substrate Integrated Waveguide Techniques". Thesis, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, 2010. http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lmt/martinez_b_j/.

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Complex permittivities of the materials are evaluated at microwave frequencies by using the Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) cavity resonator and Epsilon Near Zero (ENZ) technology. Dielectric parameters such as dielectric constant and dielectric loss of solids samples, solvents and alcohols are determined by measuring the change in the resonant frequency and in the Q factor, due to the introduction of the samples in to these resonant structures. High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) has been used to design and optimize the resonant structures. Simulations and measurements are performed with different substrates and different dielectric samples to validate the cavity perturbation theory using substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity resonator. For ENZ structure, simulations are performed with various height ratios to choose an optimized ratio that allows higher sensitivity. Simulation and measurement results of cavity resonator and ENZ tunnel are in good agreement with theoretical values. Both structures present low profile, low cost, ease of fabrication and ease of integration, which adds important characteristics for portable material measurement systems.

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Kumar, Abhishek. "Convex Modeling Techniques for Aircraft Control". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33530.

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The need to design a controller that self-schedules itself during the flight of an aircraft has been an active area of research. New methods have been developed beyond the traditional gain-scheduling approach. One such design method leads to a linear parameter varying (LPV) controller that changes based on the real-time variation of system dynamics. Before such a controller can be designed, the system has to also be represented as an LPV system. The current effort proposes a LPV modeling technique that is inspired by an affine LPV modeling techniques found in recent research. The properties of the proposed modeling method are investigated and compared to the affine modeling technique. It is shown that the proposed modeling technique represents the actual system behavior more closely than the existing affine modeling technique. To study the effect of the two LPV modeling techniques on controller design, a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller using linear matrix inequality (LMI) formulation is designed. This control design method provides a measure of conservatism that is used to compare the controllers based on the different modeling techniques. An F-16 short-period model is used to implement the modeling techniques and design the controllers. It was found that the controller based on the proposed LPV modeling method is less conservative than the controller based on the existing LPV method. Interesting features of LMI formulation for multiple plant models were also discovered during the exercise. A stability robustness analysis was also conducted as an additional comparison of the performance of the controllers designed using the two modeling methods. A scalar measure, called the probability of instability, is used as a measure of robustness. It was found that the controller based on the proposed modeling technique has the necessary robustness properties even though it is less conservative than the controller designed based on the existing modeling approach.
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Stenman, Jakob. "mRNA-expression-based classification of solid tumors : development of accurate amplification-based quantification techniques". Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2002. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/stenman/.

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Tutar, Özdarcan D., P. S. Smith y V. Keskin. "Time-resolved spectropolarimetric observations of polars WX LMi and BY Cam". OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624423.

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Time-series spectropolarimetric observations of polar WX LMi and asynchronous polar BY Cam are presented. Magnetic field properties, radial velocities and optical polarization are investigated via consecutive observations with good phase sampling during a single orbital cycle. Both systems are found to have a decentred dipole magnetic field configuration. One of the poles of WX LMi has a field strength of 49 MG, while the other pole may have possible field strengths of 69, 104 or 207 MG, depending on the harmonic numbers of the cyclotron humps observed in the circularly polarized spectrum. For BY Cam, a field strength of 168 MG is found for one of the poles, while field strengths of 70, 160 or 212 MG are possible for the other pole.

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Halavaara, Juha. "Magnetic resonance imaging of focal liver lesions : characterization with the spin lock technique and detectability with tissue-specific contrast agents". Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2002. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/halavaara/.

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Estrada, Mariana. "A case study of cob earth based building technique in Matagalpa, Nicaragua – LCA perspective and rate of adoption". Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekoteknik och hållbart byggande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-21315.

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Cob is an earth based building technique that may be an alternative for the construction of new homes in developing countries. Earth based constructions techniques commonly used in the past, like adobe and wattle-and-daub, have increasingly been replaced by buildings using more processed materials commercially available such as bricks or concrete blocks. The cost of such commercial materials is often unreachable for a large part of the population in developing countries. Cob buildings could be an appropriate option in rural areas, where human labor is a less restricted resource compared to monetary capital, and most of the materials needed are locally available. The cob technique is based on a mixture of clay, sand, straw and water that enables the builder to combine different materials and to create a variety of shapes. A recently constructed cob building in Matagalpa, Nicaragua, was studied using screening LCA methodology applied to the construction phase, as well as by applying a diffusion of innovation framework (specifically the five perceived attributes of an innovation). Results regarding fossil CO2 emissions due to material production and material transportation were contrasted to an equivalent concrete block building. The highest contribution to CO2 emissions from the cob building was generated by paints and solvents, and bricks and tiles (cooked earth); whereas in the concrete building it was due to the concrete bricks and iron. According to this case study, cob building technique seems to have the potential to be an affordable option for rural housing in Nicaragua, and at the same time accountable for rather limited emissions of fossil CO2 emissions in its construction phase. At present, some obstacles to the use of cob technique are lack of examples for people to see and experience, and a general limited knowledge on how to work with cob technique.
Cob är en byggteknik med jord som främsta material som kan vara ett alternativ vid byggande av nya bostäder i utvecklingsländer. Några jordkonstruktionstekniker, som adobe och ”bajareque”, var vanligare förr, men har ersatts av byggande med förädlade material som tegel eller betongblock. Kostnaden för dessa material är oftast hög och blir oöverkomlig för en stor del av befolkningen. Cob hus skulle kunna vara ett alternativ på landsbygden, där arbetskraft är en mer tillgänglig resurs än kapital, och de flesta av de material som behövs finns lokalt. Cob tekniken är en blandning av lera, sand, halm och vatten som även kan kombineras med andra material för att skapa olika former. Byggnationsfasen för ett nyligen konstruerat cob hus i Matagalpa, Nicaragua, studerades med en screenande LCA. Valda delar av Rogers teori ”diffusion of innovation” användes (främst de fem attributen för innovationsspridning). Resultaten avseende CO2-utsläpp från produktion och transport av material jämfördes med ett hus i liknande storlek, byggt i betongblock. Det största bidraget till utsläpp av CO2 från cob huset genererades av färger och lösningsmedel, tegel och kakel (bränd jord), medan det i betongblockshuset berodde på betongblock och järn. Enligt denna fallstudie verkar cob byggteknik att ha potential att vara ett prisvärt alternativ för bostäder på landsbygden i Nicaragua, och resulterar i relativt små CO2-utsläpp under byggskedet. Några av de hinder för spridningen av cob tekniken som föreligger för närvarande är brist på exempel för människor att se och uppleva, samt dålig allmän kunskap om hur man arbetar med denna teknik.
Cob es una técnica de construcción en tierra que puede ser una alternativa para la construcción de nuevas viviendas en los países en vía de desarrollo. Algunas de las técnicas de construcciones en tierra como el adobe y el bahareque fueron comunes en el pasado, sin embargo han sido sustituidas por construcciones con materiales procesados como ladrillos o bloques de concreto. El costo de estos materiales suele ser alto volviéndose inasequibles para una gran parte de la población. Las construcciones en cob podrían ser una opción adecuada en las zonas rurales, donde la mano de obra es un recurso abundante a bajo costo, y la mayoría de los materiales necesarios están disponibles a nivel local. La técnica del cob se basa en una mezcla de arcilla, arena, paja y agua que puede ser combinada con otros materiales para crear una gran variedad de formas. La fase de construcción de una casa en cob en Matagalpa, Nicaragua; fue estudiada por medio de un LCA preliminar. Igualmente se utilizó el marco de difusión de la innovación propuesto por Rogers para evaluar los cinco atributos que hacen que esta técnica pueda o no ser difundida en Matagalpa. Los resultados en relación con las emisiones de CO2 por la producción de material y del transporte de material se contrastaron con una casa de dimensiones similares construida en bloque de concreto. La mayor contribución a las emisiones de CO2 de la casa de cob fue generada por las pinturas y solventes, y ladrillos y tejas (tierra cocida), mientras que en la casa de bloque de concreto las emisiones se debieron a los bloques de concreto y al hierro. De acuerdo con este caso de estudio, la técnica de construcción cob parece tener el potencial de ser una opción asequible para la vivienda rural en Nicaragua, generando emisiones de CO2 más bajas que las construcciones de bloque de concreto durante la fase de construcción. En la actualidad, algunos de los obstáculos para la difusión de la técnica del cob son la falta de ejemplos para que las personas puedan ver y experimentar, y un escaso conocimiento general sobre cómo trabajar con esta técnica.

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Yrigoyen, González Haydée Andrea. ""Environmental Diagnosis of Process Plants by Life Cycle Techniques"". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8559.

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Environmental Diagnosis of Process Plants by Life Cycle Techniques
Haydée A. Yrigoyen González
El objetivo de la investigación es desarrollar una herramienta que relacione aspectos de
simulación, evaluación ambiental y análisis de sensibilidad. Para lo cual se estableció una
metodología que consta de cinco niveles: Simulación de proceso, Inventario, evaluación de
impactos ambientales, análisis económico y análisis de sensibilidad.
La metodología describe las variables relacionadas con el proceso, así como los
impactos asociados a cada una de sus etapas y la viabilidad económica del proceso, e
identifica las etapas de proceso con el mayor impacto ambiental (mediante el análisis de
sensibilidad).
Para la simulación de procesos se empleó el simulador ASPEN Hysys®. El inventario,
la evaluación de impactos y el análisis económico se lleva a cabo en hojas de cálculo de forma
automática.
La obtención del inventario de efectos ambientales y la evaluación de los
correspondientes impactos se realizan siguiendo la metodología de ciclo de vida, por lo que se
consideran las cargas ambientales asociadas a las materias primas, la generación de
electricidad y utilidades. Para obtener el inventario se construyó una base de datos que
contiene la información ambiental asociada a varios procesos industriales que se relacionan
indirectamente al proceso bajo estudio. Similarmente, se incluyó una base de datos con los
factores de caracterización de las categorías de impacto más importantes.
La validación de la metodología y de la herramienta desarrollada se ha llevado a cabo
mediante tres procesos industriales: polietileno de baja densidad (LDPE), óxido de etileno (EO)
y biodiesel. Para cada proceso se han evaluado diferentes configuraciones para poder
determinar cual de ellas es la mejor opción desde el punto de vista ambiental y económico.
En el caso del LDPE, el cambio de configuración se ha enfocado en el origen de la
electricidad, la cual puede ser proveniente de la Red Nacional Española o de una unidad de
cogeneración. Los resultados indican que la mejor configuración corresponde al proceso que
emplea electricidad proveniente de la unidad de cogeneración, puesto que se obtiene vapor
como sub-producto y se evitan las emisiones asociadas a la generación de electricidad, lo que
se refleja en una importante reducción de los impactos ambientales asociados.
En el segundo proceso analizado, referente a la producción de oxido de etileno, se han
evaluado cuatro configuraciones, empleando aire u oxígeno como materia prima y electricidad
de la Red Española o produciéndola mediante cogeneración. En relación al origen de la
electricidad, al emplear la cogeneración, el comportamiento ambiental del proceso mejora
considerablemente. En cuanto a la importancia de la materia prima empleada, al utilizar
oxígeno se obtiene un mejor rendimiento en la etapa de reacción, con lo cual se compensa los
costes asociados a la materia prima con la productividad del proceso.
Finalmente, se ha llevado a cabo la evaluación del proceso de producción de biodiesel,
se comparó el comportamiento ambiental del proceso empleando un catalizador ácido y un
catalizador básico. En el proceso ácido se generan menores impactos ambientales. De forma
similar, ésta configuración tiene un mejor perfil económico ya que los costes asociados a la
producción son menores y no se requiere ninguna unidad de pretratamiento (necesaria en el
proceso alcalino).
Mediante la herramienta desarrollada, la información inicial puede modificarse en
cualquier momento con el fin de obtener los valores correspondientes a nuevas condiciones.
Uno de los aspectos más importantes es el que la herramienta se adapta fácilmente con el
mínimo de variaciones. Las bases de datos que se incluyen en las hojas de cálculo pueden ser
actualizadas por el usuario o ajustarse a las necesidades específicas de cada proceso. Todo el
análisis se lleva a cabo de forma automática, una vez introducida la información inicial del
proceso e información económica.

Environmental Diagnosis of Process Plants by Life Cycle Techniques
Haydée A. Yrigoyen González
The objective of this work is to develop a tool that integrates simulation, environmental
assessment and sensitivity analysis aspects. To support this tool, a methodology consisting of
five levels was established. These are: process simulation, Inventory, environmental impacts
assessment, economic analysis and sensitivity analysis.
The developed methodology describes the variables related to the process, as well as
the impacts associated to each stages, the economic viability of the process, and the process
stages with the highest environmental impact (by means of the sensitivity analysis).
ASPEN Hysys® is the chosen software for the simulation of processes. The inventory,
impact assessment and the economic analysis are automatically obtained in spreadsheets, by
means of macros execution.
The inventory and the impacts assessment are performed following the Life Cycle
methodology. Therefore, the environmental loads of the raw materials, electricity generation and
utilities are considered. In order to generate the inventory, a data base was constructed; it
contains the environmental information associated to industrial processes that are indirectly
related to the process under study. Similarly, a data base with the characterization factors of the
most important impact categories was included in the tool.
The validation of the methodology and the developed tool has been accomplished by
their application to three industrial processes: low density polyethylene (LDPE), ethylene oxide
(EO) and biodiesel production. Different configurations have been evaluated for each process to
determine the best option from the environmental and economic point of view.
For the LDPE process, the configuration change has focused in the origin of the
electricity, which can be supplied by the Spanish National Network or a cogeneration unit.
Based on our results, the best configuration corresponds to the process employing electricity by
cogeneration, since steam is obtained as by-product and the emissions associated to the
electricity generation are eliminated. These facts are reflected in an important reduction of the
overall impacts associated to this process.
In the second analyzed process, referring to the production of ethylene oxide, four
configurations have been evaluated: using air or oxygen as raw material and electricity from the
Spanish Network or produced by cogeneration. Related to the origin of the electricity, using
cogeneration, a better environmental profile is obtained. On the other hand, the oxygen as raw
material is better than air due to the best yield of ethylene oxide in the reaction stage. Due to
the better selectivity of the oxygen in the reaction, the costs of O2 as raw material are
compensated by high production.
Finally, the process evaluation of the biodiesel production has been carried out. In this
case, an acid and a basic catalyst were compared. The best configuration corresponds to the
process using an acid catalyst. In the acid process lower environmental impacts are generated.
Furthermore, this configuration has a better economical profile since the costs associated to the
production are smaller and a pre-treatment unit is not required, as in the alkaline process.
The initial information can be modified at any time to obtain the profile associated to the
new conditions by means of the developed tool. Also, the tool can be adapted to any process in
an easy way. The included database can be updated or adjusted by the user at any time to
personalize them to the specific necessities of each process. Once the initial information is
introduced, the analysis is executed automatically.
The developed tool is able to make the simulation, its environmental diagnosis,
economic evaluation and the sensitivity analysis of any industrial process, introducing the initial
operation conditions.

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Prunières, Luc. "L'étude du polymorphisme de l'A. D. N : base d'une nouvelle technique d'identification médico-judiciaire". Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11165.

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Wu, Hui. "Investigation of fluid flow in grinding using LDA techniques and CFD simulation". Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2009. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5944/.

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This research aimed to establish the requirements for effective fluid flow in grinding and to improve the efficiency of the fluid delivery system (fluid delivery optimization). Highly efficient fluid delivery will lower grinding temperatures, reduce the risk of thermal damage and reduce wheel wear. The thesis describes the work completed in the investigation of the complex fluid flow that occurs in the region close to the grinding contact zone between the wheel and workpiece and the boundary layer phenomena around the periphery of the rotating grinding wheel. Studies on air scraper and shoe nozzle application are also presented. Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) was employed to obtain a basic understanding of the flow velocity profile in the region close to the grinding contact zone in a low speed grinding system and key characteristics of the fluid flow under varying grinding conditions were identified. The mathematical formulae describing the air velocity distribution around the wheel have been derived from theory based on Newton's laws. Air boundary layer flow around the rotating grinding wheel was studied using LDA measurements and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation to get the air velocity distribution in varying conditions. The experimental results and the investigation made clear the contradictory knowledge relative to this issue and gave a full understanding of the air boundary layer flow. Air scrapers are used to reduce the effects of the air boundary layer. The effects of the size and position of the different scrapers on the air flow velocity and pressure distribution was investigated using CFD simulation. The research work provides a comprehensive assessment of the ability of the air scraper to reduce the intensity of the air boundary layer. The upper surface of the shoe nozzle can be regarded as an air scraper used to interrupt the air flow. Three different shoe nozzles were applied to investigate the fluid delivery situation using CFD simulation. Results from preliminary studies are presented for the shoe nozzle application. The effects of input fluid velocity, gap size and wheel speed on the pressure distribution along the arc of the gap are reported.

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Libros sobre el tema "LMA TECHNIQUE"

Recchia, Lucia, Paolo Boncinelli, Enrico Cini, Marco Vieri, Francesco Garbati Pegna y Daniele Sarri. Multicriteria Analysis and LCA Techniques. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-704-4.

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Marie-Therese, Harnoncourt, ed. L.A. women. Wien: Schlebrügge.Editor, 2006.

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Paolo, Boncinelli, Cini Enrico, Vieri Marco, Garbati Pegna Francesco, Sarri Daniele y SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Multicriteria Analysis and LCA Techniques: With Applications to Agro-Engineering Problems. London: Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2011.

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Manga: Techniques. Köln [Allemagne]: Evergreen, 2005.

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Corinne, Delétraz, ed. Judo: Technique, pratique, champions. Toulouse: Milan, 2016.

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Tshe-dbaṅ-rig-ʼdzin. Lhag paʼi lha rnams kyi źal thaṅ bri thabs kun bzaṅ rnam par rol paʼi phyag rgya źes bya bźugs so: Brjod bya, rtsa gsum lha tshogs kyi mtshan dpeʼi bkod pa. Clement Town, Dehradun, U.A: ʼOg-min O-rgyan smin grol gliṅ, 2005.

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Canada. Santé et bien-être social Canada. Enquête Promotion Santé Canada: Rapport technique. Ottawa, Ont: Santé et bien-être social Canada, 1988.

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Frey, François. Analyse des structures et milieux continus: Statistique appliquée. Lausanne: Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, 1990.

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Béguin, Jean-Marc. L'essentiel des techniques bancaires. Paris: Eyrolles-Éd. d'Organisation, 2008.

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Brăilei, Muzeul, ed. Julius Teutsch și Muzeul Săsesc al Țării Bârsei în contextul muzeisticii românești și străine de la sfârșitul secolului al XIX-lea și în prima jumătate a secolului al XX-lea. Brăila: Muzeul Brăilei, Editura Istros, 2010.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "LMA TECHNIQUE"

Yamagiwa, Shinichi. "Stream-Based Lossless Data Compression". En Sublinear Computation Paradigm, 391–410. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4095-7_16.

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AbstractIn this chapter, we introduce aspects of applying data-compression techniques. First, we study the background of recent communication data paths. The focus of this chapter is a fast lossless data-compression mechanism that handles data streams completely. A data stream comprises continuous data with no termination of the massive data generated by sources such as movies and sensors. In this chapter, we introduce LCA-SLT and LCA-DLT, which accept the data streams, as well as several implementations of these stream-based compression techniques. We also show optimization techniques for optimal implementation in hardware.

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Gustafsson, K. M. B. "LDA-measurements of jets in crossflow for effusion cooling applications". En Laser Techniques for Fluid Mechanics, 357–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08263-8_21.

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Alharbi, Abdullah Semran, Yuefeng Li y Yue Xu. "Integrating LDA with Clustering Technique for Relevance Feature Selection". En AI 2017: Advances in Artificial Intelligence, 274–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63004-5_22.

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Obokata, Tomio, Stefan Bopp y Cam Tropea. "Two-Point Adapter for LDA Probe Using Multimode Fibers". En Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, 347–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61254-1_18.

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Többen, H., H. Müller y D. Dopheide. "Power and Sensitivity Improvement of LDA-Systems by Fiber Amplifiers". En Developments in Laser Techniques and Fluid Mechanics, 3–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60911-4_1.

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Panidis, Th y M. Sommerfeld. "The Locus of Centres Method for LDA and PDA Measurements". En Developments in Laser Techniques and Fluid Mechanics, 203–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60911-4_13.

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Bromberger, Martin, Lorenz Leutgeb y Christoph Weidenbach. "An Efficient Subsumption Test Pipeline for BS(LRA) Clauses". En Automated Reasoning, 147–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10769-6_10.

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AbstractThe importance of subsumption testing for redundancy elimination in first-order logic automatic reasoning is well-known. Although the problem is already NP-complete for first-order clauses, the meanwhile developed test pipelines efficiently decide subsumption in almost all practical cases. We consider subsumption between first-oder clauses of the Bernays-Schönfinkel fragment over linear real arithmetic constraints: BS(LRA). The bottleneck in this setup is deciding implication between the LRA constraints of two clauses. Our new sample point heuristic preempts expensive implication decisions in about 94% of all cases in benchmarks. Combined with filtering techniques for the first-order BS part of clauses, it results again in an efficient subsumption test pipeline for BS(LRA) clauses.

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Abou Altout, Y. y P. Liverneaux. "Techniques nouvelles : télémédecine". En La traumatologie des parties molles de la main, 327–33. Paris: Springer Paris, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-99068-7_30.

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Taleb, C. y P. Liverneaux. "Techniques nouvelles : téléchirurgie". En La traumatologie des parties molles de la main, 335–41. Paris: Springer Paris, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-287-99068-7_31.

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Martin, S. R., T. M. Pinfold y G. R. Wallace-Sims. "LDA Measurements of Plastic and Elastic Collisions of Small Particles with Metal Surfaces". En Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, 125–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61254-1_7.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "LMA TECHNIQUE"

Wang, Zhen, Cong Gao, Li Ni, Xiaolong Wang, Kun Peng, Yuying Wang, Huan Zhan, Jianjun Wang, Feng Jing y Aoxiang Lin. "Yb-doped LMA fiber fabrication using chelate precursor doping technique". En 2015 11th Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2015.7375814.

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Khoshhal, K., H. Aliakbarpour, Joao Quintas, P. Drews y J. Dias. "Probabilistic LMA-based classification of human behaviour understanding using Power Spectrum technique". En 2010 13th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icif.2010.5712107.

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Wang, Meng, Yulong Cui, Le Liu, Zefeng Wang, Xiaojun Xu y Xijia Gu. "Fabrication of chirped and tilted fiber Bragg gratings on LMA-DC fiber by phase mask technique". En Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Pacific Rim. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleopr.2018.w3a.102.

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Yu, Chunlei, Shikai Wang, Wenbin Xu, Meng Wang, Suya Feng, Lei Zhang, Fengguang Lou et al. "Research progress of Yb doped LMA fiber by sol-gel method combined with powder sintering technique". En Advanced Solid State Lasers. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/assl.2015.atu2a.24.

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Bociort, Florian. "Aberration balance in error functions calculated analytically". En International Optical Design Conference. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/iodc.1998.lma.2.

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Progress in global optimization methods and the availability of fast computers have lead in the past few years to increasingly powerful lens design software that is capable to detect multiple local minima corresponding to given system specifications. However, there is still no known technique to determine whether the local minimum having the lowest value of the error function among those already detected is indeed the global minimum, especially if the number of optimization variables is large. While this continues to be a very difficult problem, in this paper we present a new technique of optical system analysis which may shed some new light on this issue.

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Sauer, M., J. Arden-Jacob, K. H. Drexhage, F. Göbel, U. Lieberwirth, C. Zander y J. Wolfrum. "How many labeled mononucleotide molecules can be identified in water on the single-molecule level". En Laser Applications to Chemical and Environmental Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lacea.1998.lma.5.

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One of the most popular application of the single-molecule detection (SMD) technique is fast DNA sequencing on the single-molecule level as proposed by Keller and coworkers.1,2 The principle idea of this very elegant method involves the incorporation of fluorescently labeled mononucleotides in a growing DNA strand, attachment of a single labeled DNA to a support (generally latex beads), movement of the supported DNA into a flowing sample stream, microchannel or microcapillary3 and detection of the analyte molecules as they are cleaved from the DNA strand by an exonuclease. The DNA sequence is determined by the order in which differently labeled nucleotides are detected and identified. Although a lot of problems are associated with the enzymatic incorporation of labeled mononucleotides and the selective handling of a single DNA strand different detection and identification strategies have been developed. However, up to now, only two different dyes have been successfully identified on the single-molecule level in aqueous solution due to their different fluorescence lifetimes.4,5 Hence, the critical question in DNA sequencing on the single strand is how many labels can be identified on the single-molecule level in aqueous solvent systems.

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Evans, Charles A. "Laser Microprobe Mass Spectrometry and Its Relationship to Other Microanalytical Techniques". En Lasers in Material Diagnostics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/lmd.1987.thc1.

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There are a variety of techniques employed for the microanalysis of materials. The majority of these techniques employ focused ions or electron beams to probe the materials. In recent years, a technique called Laser Microprobe Mass Spectrometry has been developed to provide a unique and complementary characterization capability. This paper will deal with the basic phenomena involved, instrumentation and illustrations of the technique's utility with a variety of applications.

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Eshghinejad, Ahmadreza, Wen-I. Liang, Qian Nataly Chen, Feiyue Ma, Ying-Hao Chu y Jiangyu Li. "Probing Multiferroic Heterostructures of BiFeO3-LiMn2O4 Using Magnetic, Piezoelectric and Piezomagnetic Force Microscopies". En ASME 2014 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2014-7513.

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In this study magnetic force microscopy (MFM), piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), and the newly developed piezomagnetic force microscopy (PmFM) techniques are used to probe the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties of BiFeO3-LiMn2O4 (BFO-LMO) heterostructures at nano-scale. The PmFM technique is also used to probe the ferromagnetic properties of CoFe2O4 (CFO) as a case study. The PFM and PmFM mappings of the BFO-LMO heterostructures clearly distinguish the BFO matrix and LMO nanopillars while the MFM mapping is ambiguous. The relatively high piezomagnetic response of BFO matrix is believed to be due to the Mn doping while the piezoelectric-like response of LMO nanopillars is due to the ionic activities and the vertical geometry of its heterostructure. Lastly, limitations of the PmFM technique are discussed.

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Max, E. y I. Denbratt. "In-Cylinder LDA Measurements Using a Correlator". En Photon Correlation Techniques and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pcta.1988.efd78.

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An LDA system using photon correlation technique and capable of handling non photon resolved signals is reported. Comparisons with the power spectrum of actual detector signals show that the correlation technique is very efficient. Turbulence production by means of swirl has been tested by making cycle resolved LDA measurements in a motored petrol engine for three different swirl levels. Firing tests of the engine show that the ignition delay (0 - 1% burned) correlates well with the high frequency components (> 1 kHz) of the turbulence at the spark plug location.

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Sun, Chi-Kuang, Bhaskar Jyoti Borah y Yao-Chen Tseng. "A Rapid Artifact-Compensated 2D Large-Field Mosaic-Stitching Approach for Real-Time Centimeter-Scale Area Nonlinear Microscopy Imaging". En Novel Techniques in Microscopy. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ntm.2023.ntu1c.2.

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We report a rapid artifact-compensated 2D large-field mosaic-stitching (rac2D-LMS) approach streamlined to a nonlinear optical microscope being capable to image a 12×12 mm2 area with 130 G bits of data in 60 seconds without post-processing.

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Informes sobre el tema "LMA TECHNIQUE"

Belzil, Christian, Jörgen Hansen y Xingfei Liu. The evolution of inequality in education - Trajectories and graduation outcomes in the US. CIRANO, junio de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/qxsu8178.

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Nous modélisons la distribution conjointe (i) des trajectoires éducatives individuelles, définies par l'allocation du temps (semestres) entre diverses combinaisons d'inscription à l'école avec différentes modalités d'offre de travail et des périodes d'interruption de l'école consacrées soit à l'emploi soit à la production domestique et (ii) des résultats réels d'obtention du diplôme en utilisant deux cohortes de l'enquête longitudinale nationale sur les jeunes que nous suivons de 16 à 28 ans. Nous discutons de l'évolution des effets du revenu familial et des aptitudes, ces dernières étant décomposées en un facteur d'aptitude latente académique (cognitive) et pratique (technique-mécanique) corrélé avec le revenu familial et les variables de contexte. Nous constatons que le différentiel individuel d'aptitude cognitive et technique prévalant à 16 ans augmentait avec le revenu au début des années 80 mais beaucoup moins au début des années 2000. Nous ne trouvons aucune preuve d'une quelconque "inégalité de trajectoire" basée sur le revenu dans l'une ou l'autre des cohortes, après conditionnement sur les capacités. Parmi tous les résultats liés à l'obtention d'un diplôme et à l'inscription, l'obtention d'un diplôme universitaire est le seul pour lequel l'effet du revenu a augmenté entre les années 1980 et le début des années 2000, mais il n'a pas atteint un niveau plus important que l'effet du revenu sur l'obtention d'un diplôme d'études secondaires. Dans les deux cohortes, les capacités cognitives et techniques sont les facteurs dominants mais elles affectent la plupart des dimensions des trajectoires individuelles et tous les résultats d'obtention du diplôme dans des directions opposées. Cependant, le facteur des capacités cognitives a perdu la moitié de son effet sur l'obtention du diplôme universitaire, tandis que l'impact du facteur technique-mécanique a été plus stable d'une cohorte à l'autre.

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Tea, Céline. REX et données subjectives: quel système d'information pour la gestion des risques? Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle, abril de 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/170rex.

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Le retour d’expérience est conçu, dans une vision classique, comme une démarche de gestion mettant à disposition les informations nécessaires aux managers pour piloter les systèmes et gérer les risques. Malheureusement, la réalité est moins simple. Les systèmes à piloter sont des systèmes socio-techniques complexes. Le futur n’est pas déterminé par le passé. Il s’avère nécessaire de compléter le système d’information supportant la gestion des risques. Le travail présenté propose de passer d’un système fondé sur des informations extraites des expériences incidentelles du système à piloter, vers un système d’information qui intègre au mieux l’expérience des gens qui le font fonctionner. Les connaissances tacites de ces personnes expérimentées doivent alors être élicitées. Le présent travail a permis d’expérimenter au sein de la SNCF une technique d’aide à la décision issue du courant de l’analyse de la décision. Cette technique de MAUT a été appliquée à l’analyse d’un changement de réglementation concernant la conduite des trains en cas d’alerte radio. Les décisions sont traitées ici non sous un angle individuel, mais comme l’aboutissement d’un processus construit au sein d’une organisation, mettant en jeu plusieurs décideurs et plusieurs enjeux (pouvant être partiellement contradictoires). L’apport de cette technique par rapport aux méthodes classiques basées sur les arbres de défaillance est discuté. Un second niveau d’étude de l’impact de cet éventuel changement réglementaire a consisté à analyser en profondeur les raisonnements et les connaissances utilisés par les acteurs pour construire le sens de leur action en cas d’alerte radio. En modélisant les discussions entre les différents acteurs impliqués et en restituant leur point de vue en situation, il est possible d’identifier les divergences éventuelles entre les représentations de différents acteurs concernant une même situation, ainsi qu’un possible écart entre les croyances des concepteurs et les utilisateurs de la règle. Cette seconde analyse s’appuie sur une théorie de la conception dite C/K, qui met en relation les connaissances et les concepts utilisés en situation. L’auteur suggère que l’application de ces méthodes permet de voir l’analyse de risques comme un lieu d’élaboration de sens collectif sur la sécurité du système, plutôt que (dans une vision plus positiviste de la connaissance) comme une activité qui révèle et approche la vérité sur les risques, en s’appuyant sur des données factuelles et objectives. Elle propose de développer l’ingénierie du subjectif pour permettre la construction d’un système de management au sein duquel la vision d’ingénieur de la gestion des risques et la vision inspirée des courants des sciences humaines et sociales pourront cohabiter.

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Andreas, Balthasar y Schalcher Hans-Rudolf. Recherche pour l’avenir énergétique de la Suisse. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), enero de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_pnr70_pnr71.2020.1.fr.

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Le résumé constitue une contribution scientifique à la formation de l’opinion, au débat politique et technique, ainsi qu’à la planification des mesures et stratégies de transformation du système énergétique dans le contexte de la Stratégie énergétique 2050 de la Suisse. Les propositions de solutions et les recommandations du résumé s’adressent tout particulièrement aux acteurs clés qui ont une influence notable sur le système énergétique et peuvent donc contribuer à le façonner.

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Pulido Polo, Marta. Técnicas de relaciones públicas en la comunicación organizacional.- Public Relations techniques in organizational communication. Revista Internacional de Relaciones Públicas, mayo de 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5783/rirp-3-2012-08-153-174.

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Fox, R. V., B. J. Mincher y R. G. G. Holmes. Extraction of Plutonium From Spiked INEEL Soil Samples Using the Ligand-Assisted Supercritical Fluid Extraction (LA-SFE) Technique. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/769006.

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Al-Qadi, Imad, Hasan Ozer, Mouna Krami Senhaji, Qingwen Zhou, Rebekah Yang, Seunggu Kang, Marshall Thompson et al. A Life-Cycle Methodology for Energy Use by In-Place Pavement Recycling Techniques. Illinois Center for Transportation, octubre de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/20-018.

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Worldwide interest in using recycled materials in flexible pavements as an alternative to virgin materials has increased significantly over the past few decades. Therefore, recycling has been utilized in pavement maintenance and rehabilitation activities. Three types of in-place recycling technologies have been introduced since the late 70s: hot in-place recycling, cold in-place recycling, and full-depth reclamation. The main objectives of this project are to develop a framework and a life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to evaluate maintenance and rehabilitation treatments, specifically in-place recycling and conventional paving methods, and develop a LCA tool utilizing Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) to help local and state highway agencies evaluate environmental benefits and tradeoffs of in-place recycling techniques as compared to conventional rehabilitation methods at each life-cycle stage from the material extraction to the end of life. The ultimate outcome of this study is the development of a framework and a user-friendly LCA tool that assesses the environmental impact of a wide range of pavement treatments, including in-place recycling, conventional methods, and surface treatments. The developed tool provides pavement industry practitioners, consultants, and agencies the opportunity to complement their projects’ economic and social assessment with the environmental impacts quantification. In addition, the tool presents the main factors that impact produced emissions and energy consumed at every stage of the pavement life cycle due to treatments. The tool provides detailed information such as fuel usage analysis of in-place recycling based on field data.

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Daniellou, François. Les facteurs humains et organisationnels dans le projet de conception d'un système à risques. Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle, agosto de 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/398epw.

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Une démarche Facteurs Humains et Organisationnels (FHO) en conception vise à fiabiliser les décisions, en anticipant les conséquences des choix techniques et organisationnels sur le travail humain qui se déroulera dans les conditions d'exploitation futures. Pour favoriser des interventions humaines performantes et sûres, la démarche FHO se base sur une analyse approfondie de l'activité humaine dans les situations existantes, et sur une simulation de l'activité probable lors des futures opérations, en fonction des options techniques et organisationnelles qui se dessinent. Elle suppose la mise en place d'une maîtrise d'ouvrage forte, porteuse de la volonté, une articulation précise avec la maîtrise d'œuvre, et une participation de différents acteurs, notamment exploitants. Les étapes de la démarche FHO doivent être planifiées dès le début de l'avant-projet et s'étendent jusqu'à l'évaluation après démarrage.

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Dudley, J. P. y S. V. Samsonov. Système de traitement automatisé du gouvernement canadien pour la détection des variations et l'analyse des déformations du sol à partir des données de radar à synthèse d'ouverture de RADARSAT-2 et de la mission de la Constellation RADARSAT : description et guide de l'utilisateur. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329134.

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Remote sensing using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) offers powerful methods for monitoring ground deformation from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Advanced analysis techniques such as Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR), change detection, and Speckle Offset Tracking (SPO) provide sensitive measures of ground movement. With both the RADARSAT-2 and RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) SAR satellites, Canada has access to a significant catalogue of SAR data. To make use of this data, the Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation (CCMEO) has developed an automated system for generating standard and advanced deformation products from SAR data using both DInSAR and SPO methods. This document provides a user guide for this automated processing system.

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Campbell, Bryan y Michel Magnan. Vers la nouvelle bioéconomie: La biofabrication comme initiative stratégique de développement économique pour le Québec. CIRANO, septiembre de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/jqgh2110.

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Globalement, la bioéconomie peut être définie comme le domaine de l'économie basée sur les produits, services et processus dérivés des ressources biologiques. À cet égard, la biologie de synthèse réfère aux caractéristiques d’un domaine dérivé de la biologie qui s’est développé au cours des trente dernières années grâce aux progrès de la génétique appliquée et de la bio-ingénierie. Certains prédisent que l'économie future sera principalement une bioéconomie basée sur ces techniques émergentes, lesquelles sont cohérentes avec la décarbonisation de notre économie. Nous décrivons d’abord la réalité internationale de la « Révolution Bio » et tentons d’évaluer la position du Québec. Par la suite, nous présentons des politiques de soutien à la bioéconomie de diverses juridictions. Une étude de cas d’une entreprise de Montréal nous permet de mettre en évidence les problèmes auxquels elle a dû faire face pour attirer le capital financier nécessaire à sa croissance. Outre le financement, un autre enjeu critique dans le domaine est la montée en charge (scalability en anglais) des processus de transformation. Nous explorons davantage cet enjeu en agro-technologie, secteur à haut potentiel mais dont la réalisation comporte plusieurs défis socio-économiques. Cette analyse sert de toile de fond à nos recommandations qui portent sur l'élaboration d'une feuille de route pour le soutien gouvernemental à la biologie de synthèse.

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Papí-Gálvez, Natalia y Daniel La Parra-Casado. Informe 2022. Cátedra de Brecha Digital Generacional. Las personas mayores en la era de la digitalización en la Comunidad Valenciana (datos 2021). Cátedra de Brecha Digital Generacional, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/bua.2022.papi.infc.

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The Research Chair in the Generational Digital Divide undertakes activities aimed at furthering knowledge about the causes, consequences and solutions to the digital divides caused by age gaps. This report shows the research project carried out in 2021 to learn more about how the digital divide affects over 54s living in the Valencia Region, by province, with a focus on intergenerational relationships. To this end, an exploratory survey targeted at over 54s years old and over 39s years old in the Valencia Region, based on primary sources and combining quantitative and qualitative techniques, has been conducted. The data reveals that, while a large percentage of over 54s declare that they have access to and are users of new technologies, much remains to be done for access and usage to become universal, especially at older ages. The report analyses how technology is used, considering its purpose and context, according to age and other significant variables. Differences in technology usage have been found across age groups and between women and men. The report contains information on, among other relevant aspects, online services, and especially on e-banking, the healthcare system and e-administration. Differences between age groups have been found for all indicators, shedding light on intergenerational relationships within the family that are crucial for older people. The Research Chair is an initiative by the Valencia Region Government’s Directorate General for the Fight Against the Digital Divide and stems from the collaboration between the Regional Department for Innovation, Science, Universities and Digital Society and the University of Alicante.

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