Tesis sobre el tema "Liquid local structure"
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Täuber, Daniela, Katrin Radscheit, Rafael Camacho, Ivan Scheblykin y Borczyskowski Christian von. "Guest molecule diffusion and conformation influenced by local liquid crystal structure". Diffusion fundamentals 20 (2013) 103, S. 1-2, 2013. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13692.
Texto completoTäuber, Daniela, Katrin Radscheit, Rafael Camacho, Ivan Scheblykin y Borczyskowski Christian von. "Guest molecule diffusion and conformation influenced by local liquid crystal structure". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-183950.
Texto completoKlein, Holger. "Ordre local dans des phases quasicristallines, approximantes et liquides Al-Pd-Mn". Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0138.
Texto completoZhao, Bin. "Physical properties of Fe-C-S and Fe-S alloys under planetary core condition". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS542.
Texto completoTerrestrial planets possess a metallic core composed of iron alloys, which are the products of long-period differentiation. The Moon is the closest terrestrial planetary body to the Earth, and also most well-constrained thanks to the numerous space missions including landing objects and orbiting spacecrafts. The collected observables allow people to build Moon models and infer the core properties. Regarding its composition, sulfur and carbon are considered as two plausible light elements in the Moon’s core, but most of the cases were discussed in terms of binary Fe-S or Fe-C, in absence of the knowledge of Fe-C-S alloy’s properties. This study has provided a discussion from a Ternary-Fe-C-S point of view, based on the physical properties of liquid Fe-C-S alloys determined experimentally. Specifically, local structure and density of liquid Fe-C-S alloys were studied by in situ X-ray diffraction and absorption experiments below 5 GPa and between 1600 K and 1900 K. Miscibility of Fe-C-S alloys was studied by quench experiments between 2 and 6 GPa at 1650 K and 2000 K, respectively. The measured density was employed to build a thermodynamic model for density of liquid Fe-C-S alloys as a function of pressure, temperature, and C/S content. This model, together with the miscibility gap, are used to discuss the light element content in the Moon’s core. Compared to the lunar missions, the others started much later with considerably increased difficulties and risks, leaving those terrestrial planetary bodies farther to the Earth still poorly constrained. For instance, the Galileo space craft, which is the first Jupiter mission performed in 1990S, collected the gravitational data of the four satellites of Jupiter, among which Europa, Io, and Ganymede are considered highly differentiated. Without further information, the core was considered to be composed of Fe-S. Fe3S2 is a potential candidate forming at pertinent P-T conditions, but its structure, lattice parameters, accurate forming condition remains unknown. For this part of the PhD work, the properties of Fe-S compounds were studied by in situ X-ray diffraction from 11 to 15 GPa and from room temperature to melting. The accurate forming condition of Fe3S2 and its structural properties were determined by the diffraction pattern, which enables the inference on the core composition of middle-sized planetary bodies
Simonet, Virginie. "Magnetisme et ordre local des quasicristaux et liquides al-pd-mn et al-mn". Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112259.
Texto completoCavalleri, Matteo. "Local Structure of Hydrogen-Bonded Liquids". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Fysikum, Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-286.
Texto completoAugier, Frédéric. "Structure locale du champ hydrodynamique dans les écoulements dispersés liquide-liquide concentrés". Toulouse, INPT, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPT009G.
Texto completoNdao, Makha. "Propriétés physiques des cristaux liquides discotiques nanoconfinés". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979588.
Texto completoConstantin, Doru-Cosmin. "Défauts d'équilibrage des phases ordonnées et structure du liquide isotrope d'un mélange lyotrope de surfactant non-ionique". Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENSL0222.
Texto completoMarín, Aguilar Susana. "Local structure and dynamics of dense colloidal systems : from patchy particles to hard spheres". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASP052.
Texto completoThe role played by the structure in determining the dynamics of glassy colloidal systems is still a subject of debate. However, there is compelling evidence of a direct link between changes in the local structure and the dynamical slowdown in glassy systems. Here, we explore the interplay between local structure and dynamics by using patchy particles as glass formers. This is done by making use of molecular dynamics simulations. We show that reinforcing icosahedral geometry causes, the system to exhibit an extreme slowdown in its dynamics. With these results, we provide a route for controlling glassy dynamics through the use of patchy particles. Additionally, an interesting point is whether we can extract information about dynamics from only structural information. In order to explore this point, we simulate a wide variety of hard-sphere mixtures. We show that global dynamics of these systems can be precisely predicted by quantifying the tetrahedrality of the local structure: an order parameter that consists of counting the number of tetrahedra each particle participates in. The predictions of this order parameter maintain their accuracy over a wide variety of densities proving its universality in this family of glass formers. Moreover, it is also capable of capturing the changes in the local dynamics, as regions with high tetrahedrality are strongly correlated with regions with slow dynamics. Finally, we demonstrate that unsupervised machine learning techniques can be used to classify particles with different structural environments, which are strongly correlated to local dynamics
Boccato, Silvia. "Etude de la structure locale des métaux 3d liquides en conditions extrêmes de pression et température". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY093/document.
Texto completoUnderstanding the physical phenomena of our planet requires the capability to investigate the structural and thermodynamic properties of liquid-state materials present in the Earth's outer core. Thus, the melting curves of nickel and cobalt allow to constrain the temperature at the inner core boundary (ICB).This Thesis presents the study of the melting curves and the local structure of nickel and cobalt under extreme conditions. The experimental analysis was performed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), technique ideal for the study of the local structure. Ab-initio calculations were performed as well in order to validate the melting criterion adopted and to provide starting radial distribution function for the analysis of the local structure.The melting curves of nickel and cobalt were determined with the XAS melting criterion recently proposed for iron. The criterion consists in the flattening of the shoulder and the disappearance of the first two oscillations in the X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES). It has been validated with Focused Ion Beam (FIB) coupled with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis on the recovered samples, by means of a detection of textural changes in the sample. The melting temperature was detected for nickel and cobalt at different pressures, thus providing a measurement of the melting curve up to 1 Mbar for the two materials.A comparison of the melting curves of nickel and cobalt with iron shows that the presence of these two materials in the outer core of Earth gives a negligible contribution for the determination of the geotherm at the inner core boundary.Ab-initio calculations performed on cobalt provided an additional confirmation of the XAS melting criterion adopted. Moreover they permitted to understand that the flattening of the oscillations in the XANES is due to the smearing of the structures in the density of the p states linked to the different environments surrounding each absorbing atom in the liquid.These calculations allowed as well to evaluate the compression of liquid cobalt at 5000 K and provided a starting radial distribution function for the analysis of the experimental Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) extracted from the measured XAS.The EXAFS of the liquids along the melting curve was analysed providing a measurement of the first neighbour distance in the liquid as a function of pressure for both nickel and cobalt. In the two cases our experimental results show slightly less compression than theoretically predicted. This can be interpreted as a first neighbour bond that at higher pressures is slightly more rigid than predicted or as due to an increase of 10-20% of the coordination number.Combined to theory, our experimental observation suggests that the local structure of liquid Co and Ni increasingly deviates from a hard sphere model with P and T along the melting curve.In conclusion, we have developed a protocol that allows validating the melting criterion for a given solid structure. In this work it has been applied to 3d metals with fcc structures and it can be applied to other structures.The presence of nickel and cobalt in the outer core of Earth was found to be irrelevant for the determination of the temperature at the ICB.XAS was shown to be an adequate technique to measure the first neighbour bond under extreme conditions, although both experiment and theory have large margin for improvement. The application of this method to more complex liquid alloys opens the way to investigation of relevant geophysical systems
Koverga, Volodymyr. "Organisation de la structure locale de mélanges liquide ionique/solvant moléculaire : une étude théorique basée sur la dynamique moléculaire". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10221/document.
Texto completoMixtures of imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) with perfluorinated anions and dipolar aprotic solvent are promising candidates for electrolytic components used in different electrochemical applications. Current state of technologies requires detailed information on the influence of the mixture composition on the physical and chemical properties of the mixture. This thesis presents a molecular dynamics simulation analysis of the local structure organization of the mixtures of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (C4mim+) ILs with perfluorinated anions (BF4‒, PF6‒, TFO‒, TFSI‒) and dipolar aprotic solvents such as acetonitrile (AN), γ-butyrolactone (GBL) and propylene carbonate (PC). As a first step, the local structure in the neat ILs and molecular solvents has been analyzed. For the set of ILs it was established that H-bonding interactions at the H2 site is strongly enhanced compared to the H4-5 sites in the case of asymmetric and/or strongly basic anions like TFO− or TFSI−. The cation-cation contacts via the aggregation of the butyl chains is much stronger and less anion-dependent than the π+-π+ stacking of the imidazolium rings. For the pure solvent our results show that although the dominant dipole-dipole orientation between a reference molecule and first neighbor is the antiparallel one, while for the subsequent neighbors the antiparallel orientation is gradually weakened in favor of the parallel one. More distant neighbors tend to be parallel to the reference molecule. A deep analysis of the local structure made it possible to identify the presence of weak hydrogen bonds in the selected dipolar solvents. For the mixtures of imidazolium-based ILs the results show that in all the studied IL/molecular solvent mixtures, the distribution of the anion around the cation is not drastically affected in the range of xIL between 1.0 and 0.3 and for further decrease of xIL noticeable changes in the distance characteristics describing the cation and anion hydrogen bonding interactions, occur. These changes are associated with the expected weakening of the cation and anion interactions. These results are in good agreement with the behavior of the 2H chemical shift as a function of xIL. Furthermore, our results point out to the importance of the anion-solvent interactions in describing the local structure in these mixtures
Constantin, Doru. "Défauts d'équilibre des phases ordonnées et structure du liquide isotrope d'un mélange lyotrope de surfactant non-ionique". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010863.
Texto completoNous avons ensuite exploré les propriétés dynamiques de la phase isotrope à haute concentration en combinant la diffusion dynamique de la lumière avec des expériences de rhéologie à haute fréquence. Nous avons mis en évidence un temps de relaxation terminale extrêmement court (de l'ordre de la microseconde) et avons expliqué ce comportement dans le cadre de théories déjà existantes sur la rhéologie des micelles connectées en incluant l'effet de l'ordre local.
Lange, Dietrich. "The South Chilean subduction zone between 41° and 43.5°S : seismicity, structure and state of stress". Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1894/.
Texto completoWhile the northern and central part of the South American subduction zone has been intensively studied, the southern part has attracted less attention, which may be due to its difficult accessibility and lower seismic activity. However, the southern part exhibits strong seismic and tsunamogenic potential with the prominent example of the Mw=9.5 May 22, 1960 Valdivia earthquake. In this study data from an amphibious seismic array (Project TIPTEQ) is presented. The network reached from the trench to the active magmatic arc incorporating the Island of Chiloé and the north-south trending Liquiñe-Ofqui fault zone (LOFZ). 364 local events were observed in an 11-month period from November 2004 until October 2005. The observed seismicity allows to constrain for the first time the current state of stress of the subducting plate and magmatic arc, as well as the local seismic velocity structure. The downgoing Benioff zone is readily identifiable as an eastward dipping plane with an inclination of ~30°. Main seismic activity occurred predominantly in a belt parallel to the coast of Chiloé Island in a depth range of 12-30 km, which is presumably related to the plate interface. The down-dip termination of abundant intermediate depth seismicity at approximately 70 km depth seems to be related to the young age (and high temperature) of the oceanic plate. A high-quality subset of events was inverted for a 2-D velocity model. The vp model resolves the sedimentary basins and the downgoing slab. Increased velocities below the longitudinal valley and the eastern part of Chiloé Island suggest the existence of a mantle bulge. Apart from the events in the Benioff Zone, shallow crustal events were observed mainly in different clusters along the magmatic arc. These crustal clusters of seismicity are related to the LOFZ, as well as to the volcanoes Chaitén, Michinmahuida and Corcovado. Seismic activity up to a magnitude of 3.8 Mw reveals the recent activity of the fault zone. Focal mechanisms for the events along the LOFZ were calculated using a moment tensor inversion of amplitude spectra for body waves which mostly yield strike-slip mechanisms indicating a SW-NE striking of sigma_1 for the LOFZ. Focal mechanism stress inversion indicates a strike-slip regime along the arc and a thrust regime in the Benioff zone. The observed deformation - which is also revealed by teleseismic observations - suggests a confirmation for the proposed northward movement of a forearc sliver acting as a detached continental micro-plate.
Verdier, Antoine. "Experimental study of dilute spray combustion". Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMIR27/document.
Texto completoLiquid fuels are the primary energy source in a wide range of applications including industrial and residential furnaces, internal combustion engines and propulsion systems. Pollutant emission reduction is currently one of the major constraints for the design of the next generation combustion chamber. Spray combustion involves many complex physical phenomena including atomization, dispersion, evaporation and combustion, which generally take place simultaneously or within very small regions in the combustion chambers. Although numerical simulation is a valuable tool to tackle these different interactions between liquid and gas phases, the method needs to be validated through reliable experimental studies. Therefore, accurate experimental data on flame structure and on liquid and gas properties along the evaporation and combustion steps are needed and are still challenging. A joint effort between numerical and experimental teams is necessary to meet tomorrow's energy challenges and opportunities. The complexity of the real aeronautical configurations implies to study the effect of local properties in flame dynamics on a canonical configuration, which presents the essential feature of very well defined boundary conditions. This work, carried out within the framework of the ANR TIMBER project, aims to improve the understanding of two-phase flow combustion, as well as to produce an efficient and original database for the validation of the models used in LES
Cunsolo, Alessandro. "Relaxation phenomena in the THz dynamics of simple fluids probed by inelastic X-ray scattering". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10166.
Texto completoHaudin, Florence. "Fronts et dynamiques spatio-temporelles dans l'expérience de la valve à cristaux liquides : effets de forçages spatiaux et rétroaction optique non locale". Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00584258.
Texto completoFord, Jackson Walker. "Designing for sustainability with CO2-tunable solvents". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19866.
Texto completoCommittee Chair: Dr. Charles A. Eckert; Committee Co-Chair: Dr. Charles L. Liotta; Committee Member: Dr. Amyn Teja; Committee Member: Dr. Dennis W. Hess; Committee Member: Dr. Victor Breedveld.
Nemati, Navid. "Macroscopic theory of sound propagation in rigid-framed porous materials allowing for spatial dispersion : principle and validation". Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00976907.
Texto completoChen, Yu-chun y 陳郁竣. "Local-structure effects on vibrations of liquid water:INM analysis". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/765262.
Texto completo國立交通大學
物理研究所
101
In this thesis, we study the intermolecular and intramolecular vibrations of liquid water through molecular dynamics(MD) simulation and the instantaneous normal mode (INM) analysis. In addition, we use voronoi polyhedra(VP) analysis and hydrogen bond configuration analysis to study the local-structure effects on vibrations of water molecules. My results indicate that a blue shift and a red shift are found in the bending and the stretching spectra of liquid water, respectively, when the voronoi asphericities of water molecules increase. Different H-bond configurations of water molecules actually influence both intermolecular and intramolecular vibrations of liquid water.
Fynewever, Herb. "Phase behavior and local structure of liquid crystalline polymers". 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/42697798.html.
Texto completoTypescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-124).
Bekhit, Emad Flear Aziz [Verfasser]. "Local electronic and geometric structure of ions, molecules, and polymers in liquid phase / vorgelegt von Emad Flear Aziz Bekhit". 2007. http://d-nb.info/98879957X/34.
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