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Rothschild, Amanda J. "Out of the Nuremberg Nightmare: the Genocide Convention's Failure and the Efficacy of the Responsibility to Protect". Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2230.
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Thesis advisor: Donald HafnerThesis advisor: Timothy Crawford
This Scholar of the College senior honors thesis moves beyond moral pronouncements and the vague excuse of international "lack of will" for genocide intervention to introduce an inductive typology identifying practical, specific factors responsible for the world's repeated unwillingness to intervene during genocide under the obligations of the 1948 Genocide Convention. Drawing on original, classified documents contained in the UN Office at Geneva, the thesis proposes methods of mitigating the influence of these factors and evaluates the degree to which the Responsibility to Protect, a new humanitarian intervention norm, attenuates or exacerbates the causes of non-intervention. The project was awarded the John McCarthy S.J. Award for the most distinguished Scholar of the College senior thesis in the Social Sciences at Boston College
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: College Honors Program
Discipline: Political Science Honors Program
Discipline: Political Science
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Zerkoune, Mohammed, Glenn Wright, David Kernz y William McCloskey. "Organic Lemon Production". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/226074.
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This experiment was initiated in March 2000 to study the feasibility of growing organic lemon in the desert southwest of Arizona. A ten-acre field planted to lemons in 1998 was selected on Superstition sand at the Yuma Mesa Agricultural Research Center. The initial soil test in top 6 inches was 5 parts per million (ppm) NO₃⁻ and 4.9-PPM NaHCO₃⁻-extractable P. Soil pH was 8.7 in the top 6 inches. Seven treatments were applied in randomized complete block design repeated three times. The treatments were control, compost and clover, compost and perfecta, compost and steam, manure and clover, manure and perfecta and manure and steam Leaf tissue analysis indicated that nitrate level was significantly influenced by treatment. Organic insect control treatments for citrus thrips were as equally effective as the non-organic commercial standards.
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Lemken, Alexander Verfasser] y Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] [Franke. "Modeling Road Roughness with Conditional Random Fields / Alexander Lemken ; Betreuer: Jürgen Franke". Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1116344653/34.
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Lemken, Alexander [Verfasser] y Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Franke. "Modeling Road Roughness with Conditional Random Fields / Alexander Lemken ; Betreuer: Jürgen Franke". Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1116344653/34.
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Taylor, Christine Alexandra Marguerite. "The lemming locus of Drosophilia melangaster". Thesis, Lancaster University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387428.
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HIRTZ, FRANCOIS. "Victor lemoine : un grand nom de l'horticulture mondiale". Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN1N069.
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Plu, Christine. "Georges Lemoine : illustrer la littérature au XXè siècle". Rennes 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN20034.
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Depuis les années soixante-dix, le travail d'illustrateur de Georges Lemoine se singularise par la modernité de son accompagnement de " grands " textes littéraires (Le Clézio, Bosco, Tournier, Yourcenar, Roy, Wilde, Andersen, etc. ). Cette recherche se donne pour objet d'étudier comment l'illustration de Georges Lemoine se construit en harmonie avec les œuvres littéraires et quelles sont les spécificités graphiques de ce travail d'élaboration d'images. Cette étude va donc successivement situer l'illustrateur dans le paysage éditorial français, analyser les spécificités du travail de création d'images destinés aux livres, cerner les étapes de la genèse d'une illustration, questionner le travail interprétatif de Georges Lemoine et repérer à quels niveaux sémantiques ses images interviennent, mettre en évidence les préférences thématiques de l'illustrateur et les spécificités de son style qui s'élabore à partir des structures symboliques et allégoriques des œuvres. Ces analyses qui s'appuient sur l'ensemble de l'œuvre illustrée de Georges Lemoine et sur de nombreuses documents inédits, permettent d'approfondir plusieurs questions : qu'est-ce qu'illustrer un texte littéraire ? En quoi cet espace particulier qu'est l'illustration peut-il relever lui-même de la littérature ? A quels niveaux s'élaborent les liens entre la séquence d'images et le texte illustré ?Since the seventies, Georges Lemoine's work has become noteworthy because of the modern way in which he illustrates great literary texts (Le Clézio, Bosco, Tournier, Yourcenar, Roy, Wilde, Andersen, etc. ). The aim of this thesis is to show how these illustrations develop together with the texts and to show what graphic requirements are needed in the creation of the pictures. This thesis will therefore place the illustrator within the French publishing world, and then analyse the specific requirements for book illustration. It will also look at the various steps needed in the genesis of a picture, question Georges Lemoine's interpretation, and focus on the semantic levels on which the pictures have an influence. Finally, this thesis will point out the illustrator's thematic preferences and the peculiarities of his style, which are developed around the symbolic and allegorical levels of his chosen texts. This research is based on Georges Lemoine's whole repertoire of illustrations and on a large amount of private archives. Several questions arise: what does illustrating a literary text involve? Can the illustration become some form of literature in itself? What are the relationships between text and images?
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Goosen, Dominique. "Factors influencing fruit shape in lemons (Citrus limon L.)". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52842.
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Thesis (MScAgric)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Lemons with an elongated fruit shape achieve premium prices in certain discerning markets. Factors influencing the fruit shape of lemons were investigated to fmd means to produce a crop with a higher percentage of elongated lemons. Intra-plant factors were investigated to understand the variation in fruit shape within a single tree and even within the same fruit cluster. Bearing position (leafy vs. leafless inflorescences) and position in the canopy (inside vs. outside) were taken into consideration, along with the number of seeds, number of segments and rind thickness in the center of the fruit as well as stem- and stylar-ends. Bearing position and position in the canopy had no effect on fruit shape, while the number of seeds was positively correlated with elongated lemons. Rootstocks were evaluated to determine the influence of rootstock type on fruit shape. Twelve rootstocks were evaluated in total, at Addo, Citrusdal and Nelspruit. At all three locations rootstock type had no or little influence on fruit shape. Different scions were also evaluated at both Addo and Citrusdal to determine whether a certain scion characteristically produces elongated fruit. A total of 20 different scions were evaluated, and as opposed to rootstocks, there were larger variations between scions. Of the commercially-produced scions, 'Fino' lemon had the least variation, producing elongated lemons more consistently than 'Lisbon' and 'Eureka' lemons. Of the other scions, 'Cicily' lemon produced fruit with the smallest L:D ratio, while 'Vema' lemon was the scion producing fruit with the largest L:D ratio. 'Vema' lemon is, however, not an attractive fruit, having a thick rough rind. In the case of grapefruit, unwanted "sheepnosed" fruit with thick rinds are common in areas with a low winter temperature at night. 'Eureka' lemon fruit from six different climatic areas were compared to evaluate the difference in fruit shape. Cooler areas, such as Vaalharts, had more elongated fruit than areas with a higher winter temperature, such as Nelspruit. Altering lemon fruit shape was also attempted by chemical manipulation, usmg gibberellin, cytokinin or auxin containing products. Promalin® (GA4+7, BA), Accet" (GA4+7, BA), Corasil E® (2,4-D), Provide® (GA4+7) and ProGibb® (GA)) were sprayed at different times and different concentrations. Promalin'" was partly successful in altering fruit shape, but these changes were not large enough from a commercial point of view. Promalin'" also resulted in a lower percentage fruit set. Accel'", Corasil E®, Provide® and ProGibb® were not successful in altering fruit shape favorably, with Corasil E® having a strong thinning effect.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Fakore wat die verlenging van suurlemoene beïnvloed Suurlemoene met 'n verlengde vrugvorm behaal hoë pryse in sekere markete. Faktore wat die vrugvorm van suurlemoene beïnvloed is bestudeer om praktyke te vind wat die produksie van verlengde suurlemoene kan verhoog. Intra-plant faktore is bestudeer om die variasie in vrugvorm binne 'n enkele boom en ook in dieselfde vrugtros te verstaan. Dra-posisie ("wit" en "groen" blomme) asook posisie in die boom (binnevrugte vs. buitevrugte ) is in aanmerking geneem. Die invloed van die hoeveelheid sade en segmente per vrug, asook skil dikte in die middle van die vrug en aan stingel- en kelkkant is ook bestudeer. Dra-posisie en posisie van vrug in die boom, het geen invloed op vrugvorm gehad nie, terwyl die hoeveelheid sade per vrug die beste met vrugvorm gekorreleer was. Die invloed van onderstam tipe op vrugvorm is ook geëvalueer. Vrugvorm van twaalf onderdstamme in totaal is te Addo, Citrusdal en Nelspruit ondersoek. By al drie areas is klein verskille in vrugvorm van verskillende onderstamme opgemerk. Saam met die onderstamme is 20 seleksies te Addo en Citrusdalondersoek, om te bepaal of 'n sekere seleksie 'n karakteristieke verlengde vrugvorm openbaar. In teenstelling met onderstamme, is groter variasie tussen seleksies gevind. Vandie kommersiële kultivars, het 'Fino' suurlemoen die minste variasie openbaar en deurgans verlende vrugte gelewer, terwyl 'Lisbon' en 'Eureka' suurlemoene groter variasie gehad het. Vandie ander seleksies, het 'Cicily' suurlemoen geneig om vrugte met die kleinsteL:D verhouding te lewer, terwyl'Vema' suurlemoen deurgans vrugte met 'n groter L:D verhouding gelewer het. 'Vema' suurlemoen is egter nie 'n aantreklike vrug nie, aangesien dit 'n dik skil het. In die geval van pommelos word ongewenste vrugte met 'n "skaapneus" vorm algemeen aangetref in areas met 'n lae mininmum winter temperatuur. Vrugvorm van 'Eureka' suurlemoene van ses verskillende klimaats areas is vergelyk. Koeler areas, soos Vaalharts, het meer verlengde vrugte gehad, terwyl Nelspruit met 'n hoër winter temperatuur, ronder vrugte produseer het. Daar is ook gepoog om suurlemoen vrugvorm te manipuleer d.m.v. chemiese bespuitings. Ouksiene, gibbereliene en sitokiniene asook kombinasies daarvan, is gebruik. Promalin® (GA4+7, BA), Accel® (GA4+7,BA), Corasil E® (2,4-D), Provide® (GA4+7) en ProGibb® (GA3) is by verskillende tye en verskillende konsentrasies gespuit. Promalin® was gedeeltelik suksesvol in verlenging van vrugte, maar die veranderinge was te klein uit 'n kommersiële oogpunt. Promalin® het ook tot uitdunning van vrugte gelei. Accel", Corasil E®, Provide® en ProGibb® was nie suksesvol in verandering van suurlemoen vrugvorm nie. Corasil E®het tot strawwe vruguitdunning gelei.
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Sanchez, Charles A. y Glenn Wright. "Response of Lemon to Micronutrient Fertilization". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/197971.
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A study was initiated in the spring of 2003 to evaluate the response of lemons to soil and foliar applied micronutrients for two growing season (2003-2005). Soil applied Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu was applied in sulfate form and B as Solubor in shallow holes around the skirt of each tree. Foliar applied micronutrients were all applied as “Metalosate” products. Lemon leaf tissue analyses show marginal levels of Zn, Mn, and Cu throughout the study. In 2003-2004, soil fertilization sometimes increased leaf nutrient composition but there was no effect to foliar fertilization. In 2004-2005, ,leaf B and Zn increased to soil fertilization and leaf Mn and Cu increased to foliar fertilization Overall, there were no significant differences in yield or quality to micronutrient fertilization in either growing season.
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Al-Kateb, Huda M. "Aroma characteristics of some lemon-flavoured herbs". Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421604.
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Wright, Glenn C. y Marco A. Peña. "Lemon Rootstock Trials in Arizona – 2002-03". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/198117.
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In a rootstock evaluation trial planted in 1993, five rootstocks, ‘Carrizo’ citrange, Citrus macrophylla, ‘Rough Lemon’, Swingle citrumelo and Citrus volkameriana were selected for evaluation using 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' as the scion. 1994-2002 yield and packout results indicate that trees on C. macrophylla, C. volkameriana and ‘Rough Lemon’ are superior to those on other rootstocks in both growth and yield. C. macrophylla is outperforming C. volkameriana. For the second year in a row, ‘Rough Lemon’ trees performed similarly to C. macrophylla and better than C. volkameriana. ‘Swingle’ and Carrizo’ are performing poorly. In two other rootstock evaluation trials, both planted in 1995, C. macrophylla and/or C. volkameriana are outperforming other trifoliate and trifoliate-hybrid rootstocks under test.
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Wright, Glenn C. y Marco A. Peña. "Lemon Rootstock Trials in Arizona – 2005-06". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/198101.
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In a rootstock evaluation trial planted in 1993, five rootstocks, ‘Carrizo’ citrange, Citrus macrophylla, ‘Rough Lemon’, Swingle citrumelo and Citrus volkameriana were selected for evaluation using 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' as the scion. 1994-2005 yield and packout results indicate that trees on C. macrophylla, C. volkameriana and ‘Rough Lemon’ are superior to those on other rootstocks in both growth and yield. C. macrophylla is no longer outperforming C. volkameriana. ‘Swingle’ and Carrizo’ are performing poorly.
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Wright, Glenn C. y Marco A. Peña. "Lemon Rootstock Trials in Arizona - 2006-07". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/223663.
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In a rootstock evaluation trial planted in 1993, five rootstocks, 'Carrizo' citrange, Citrus macrophylla, 'Rough Lemon', Swingle citrumelo and Citrus volkameriana were selected for evaluation using 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' as the scion. 1994-2006 yield and packout results indicate that trees on C. macrophylla, C. volkameriana and ‘Rough Lemon’ are superior to those on other rootstocks in both growth and yield. C. macrophylla does not consistently outperform C. volkameriana. 'Swingle' and Carrizo’ are performing poorly.
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Wright, Glenn C. y Marco Peña. "Lemon Rootstock Trials in Arizona - 2001-02". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/223675.
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In a rootstock evaluation trial planted in 1993, five rootstocks, 'Carrizo' citrange, Citrus macrophylla, 'Rough Lemon', Swingle citrumelo and Citrus volkameriana were selected for evaluation using 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' as the scion. 1994-2002 yield and packout results indicate that trees on C. macrophylla, C. volkameriana and 'Rough Lemon' are superior to those on other rootstocks in both growth and yield. C. macrophylla is outperforming C. volkameriana. For the second year in a row, 'Rough Lemon' trees performed similarly to C. macrophylla and better than C. volkameriana. 'Swingle' and 'Carrizo' are performing poorly. In two other rootstock evaluation trials, both planted in 1995, C. macrophylla and/or C. volkameriana are outperforming other trifoliate and trifoliate-hybrid rootstocks under test.
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McCarthy, Meghan E. "THE LEMON TREE: MY TREE OF LIFE". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/49.
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The Lemon Tree is a collection of poems that arose from my attempt to capture memories of influential experiences in growing up. The poems are written in prose blocks and move in and out of childlike and adult sensibilities, creating the disillusion of time and memory. The poems themselves are comments on the unreliability and limited scope of memory and compare remembrance to dreams. This suggests that time moves more fluidly than the waking world accepts. Through looking back, through prisms, the speaker remembers experiences that impacted her development as we follow her on a journey to coming-of-age. The Lemon Tree grapples with becoming and expressing her female fertility and growth as a woman. The speaker constantly searches for love in places of religion, marriage, romantic relationships and friendships. At times, the poems decide what love is by what it isn’t. The act of creating itself was the aim of the manuscript more than the finished project. Some remembrances are intentionally left unclear and messy like wild weeds. The poems are confessional and bear resemblances to a memoir in a lyrical fashion. The Lemon Tree focuses on the processes of life: both the barren and the abundance of fruit, light and dark, winter and summer. The speaker tries to resolve the binaries of trauma and of love and in the process, finds her identity as seen through the symbol of The Lemon Tree, which ultimately becomes her personal tree of life.
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Lemke, Shayna Marie. "Neuromuscular Performance and the Menstrual Cycle". Thesis, Montana State University, 2007. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2007/lemke/LemkeS0807.pdf.
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Women athletes are more likely to tear their anterior cruciate ligament than their male counterparts. The female athlete has a complex system of steroid hormones that are continually changing. These sex hormones that fluctuate throughout each month may influence knee injuries, specifically the anterior cruciate ligament. The increased incidence in women is thought to be multifactorial, a combination of structural, anatomical, or biomechanical factors. The NCAA has reported that 75 percent of anterior cruciate ligament injuries are non-contact in competitive jumping or pivoting sports. In this study, the effects of the menstrual cycle on neuromuscular performance were investigated. Fifteen healthy females with regular menstrual cycles completed the various tests of this study for three phases of the menstrual cycle. All females were categorized as moderate or vigorous exercisers from an activity questionnaire. This study used a repeated measures experimental design; therefore, each participant served as her own control. The participants completed a series of two tests, including functional balance and fatigability. Each series was completed during three different phases of the menstrual cycle: menstruation, follicular and luteal. The participants used ovulation kits to predict the luteal phase. These phases were then verified through blood tests at each exercise session. The reaction time and balance test was performed with a BOSU wobble board placed on a force plate. A force platform was utilized to collect center of pressure data from the wobble board. The fatigue test protocol consisted of the participants performing in a pre-fatigue functional test, fatigue protocol and post-fatigue functional ability test. The functional test protocol consisted of two trials of four single-legged hop drills. It was hypothesized that all of the functional tests would have the greatest neuromuscular performance during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, and for all of the tests to have differences between the pre- and post-fatigue trials. However, there were no significant differences in the functional tests over the menstrual cycle. There were differences in fatigue in the forward hop and figure eight tests, but the affect of fatigue on performance did not differ across menstrual cycle phases.
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Kerns, David L. y Tony Tellez. "Residual activity of insecticides to citrus thrips on lemon foliage". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/222511.
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The residual activity of insecticides to second instar citrus thrips was measured on lemon foliage in 1998. In April, Dimethoate and Agri-Mek provided only knockdown control of thrips, dropping to <70% mortality by 3 days after treatment (DAT). Baythroid performed slightly better, providing 95% mortality 3 DAT, but by 7 DAT was giving about 74% mortality. Alert, Carzol, Success and AZEXP-2 provided the longest residual activity, lasting 7 days, but began to slip at 14 DAT. AZEXP-1 induced only 74% 0 DAT. Although, residual activity in general was greater in June than April, however this increase in residual activity did not necessarily increase the length of commercially acceptable residual. Agri-Mek and Dimethoate still only provided knockdown activity, and Baythroid was still giving 3 days of good activity. AZEXP-1 performed much better following the June application relative to the April application, providing 3 days of adequate activity. Although we are not certain the reason for this result, it maybe due to the adsorption properties of this chemical relative to leaf physiology. Alert performed similarly in June and April, and Carzol, Success and AZEXP-2 each lasted about 1 week longer.
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Matheron, Michael E. y Martin Porchas. "Biology and Control of Lemon Tree Wood Rot Diseases". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/223658.
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Brown heartwood rot is commonly found in mature lemon groves in southwestern Arizona. Two basidiomycete fungi, Antrodia sinuosa and Coniophora eremophila, have been isolated from symptomatic trees. A major difference between the two pathogens is that Antrodia forms spore-producing fruiting bodies on infected wood within lemon groves, whereas fruiting on lemon wood infected by Coniophora has not been observed. A third fungus, a species of Nodulisporium, recently was recovered from small dead lemon tree branches with an internal white wood rot. Experiments were conducted to compare the severity of wood rot caused by each of these pathogens. The highest rates of wood decay for each pathogen occurred from May through October, when the mean length of wood decay columns for Antrodia, Coniophora and Nodulisporium was 183, 94 and 146 mm, respectively, and the mean air temperature was 29°C. In comparison, the mean length of wood decay columns from November through April for the same pathogens was 35, 18 and 38 mm, respectively, with a mean air temperature of 17°C. When inoculated with Antrodia, Coniophora or Nodulisporium, the length of wood decay columns on 40- mm-diameter branches was 26, 38 and 24% larger, respectively, compared to wood decay on 10-mm-diameter branches. The length of wood decay columns on inoculated Lisbon lemon was always numerically greater than that on tested orange, grapefruit and tangelo trees. Compared to lemon, wood decay columns ranged from 45 (on grapefruit) to 62 %( on orange) shorter when inoculated with Antrodia, 52 (on orange) to 59% (on tangelo) for Coniophora and 20 (on tangelo) to 51% (on grapefruit) for Nodulisporium. Compared to non-treated branches, suppression of wood decay in the presence of a test fungicide ranged from 28 to 79% for Antrodia, 77 to 91% for Coniophora and 71 to 92% for Nodulisporium. For each pathogen, the lowest numerical degree of wood rot suppression occurred in the presence of trifloxystrobin (Flint), whereas the highest level of suppression was observed with propiconazole (Break). On greasewood, mesquite, Palo Verde and salt cedar, the length of wood decay columns ranged from 20 to 60 mm when inoculated with Antrodia, 1 to 63 mm for Coniophora and 24 to 90 mm for Nodulisporium. For all three wood-rotting fungi, resultant wood decay columns were always much greater on lemon compared to tested desert-dwelling plants. Current disease management strategies include minimizing branch fractures and other non-pruning wounds as well as periodic inspection of trees and removal of infected branches, including physical removal of all wood infected with Antrodia from the grove site.
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Kerns, David L. y Tony Tellez. "Residual Activity of Insecticides to Citrus Thrips on Lemon Foliage". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/223838.
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The residual activity of insecticides to second instar citrus thrips was measured on lemon foliage in 1998 and 1999. Dimethoate, Agri-Mek and acetamiprid provided only knockdown control of thrips, dropping to <70% mortality by 3 days after treatment (DAT). Baythroid performed slightly better, providing about 95% mortality 3 DAT during three of the evaluation periods, but by 7 DAT was giving about 75% mortality. Alert, Carzol, and Success provided the longest residual activity, lasting 7 to 14 DAT. Residual activity in general appeared to be greater in the May and June evaluation, relative to the April evaluation. The apparent shorter residual activity under cooler condition in April 1998 is not understood but maybe due to a difference in the physiological nature of the leaves earlier in the season.
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Matheron, Michael E. y Martin Porchas. "Studies of the Biology and Control of Brown Heartwood Rot on Lemon Trees in 2000". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/226093.
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Brown heartwood rot is commonly found in mature lemon groves in southwestern Arizona. Two basidiomycete fungi, Antrodia sinuosa and Coniophora eremophila, have been isolated from symptomatic trees. Similarities between the two pathogens include the following: each fungus grows optimally at 30 to 35°C, neither organism produces a fleshy fruiting body, they colonize lemon trees primarily through branch fractures and other non-pruning wounds, and both cause a brown wood rot in infected trees. A major difference between the two pathogens is that Antrodia forms spore-producing fruiting bodies on infected wood within lemon groves, whereas fruiting on lemon wood infected by Coniophora has not been observed. The rate of wood decay in lemon branches inoculated with Antrodia is at least three times greater than that caused by Coniophora. Wood decay columns produced by either fungus from late spring to early autumn were at least three times larger than those that developed from late autumn to early spring. When inoculated with either pathogen, the length of wood decay columns on branches 10 mm in diameter was numerically smaller than those on branches 20 and 40 mm in diameter. Wood decay on Lisbon lemon branches inoculated with either Antrodia or Coniophora was significantly greater than that on Marsh grapefruit, Orlando tangelo, and Valencia orange. Treatment of lemon branch inoculation sites with azoxystrobin or propiconazole at 20 g of active ingredient per liter of solution reduced the resultant length of wood decay columns by 61 and 77%, respectively, for Antrodia, and 92 and 85%, respectively, for Coniophora. When selected desert plants were inoculated, Antrodia produced wood decay columns on Palo Verde, salt cedar, greasewood, and mesquite branches that were much shorter than those recorded on Lisbon lemon branches. On the other hand, Coniophora produced longer wood decay columns on salt cedar and mesquite than on Lisbon lemon, whereas wood rot on lemon was greater than that on Palo Verde and greasewood. Current disease management strategies include minimizing branch fractures and other non-pruning wounds, and periodic inspection of trees and removal of infected branches, including physical removal of all wood infected with Antrodia from the grove site.
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Lemke, Robert William. "Metaobjects as a programming tool / Robert William Lemke". Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8524.
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Computer applications can be described as largely rigid structures within which an
information seeker must navigate in search of information - each screen, each transaction having underlying unique code. The larger the application, the higher the number of lines of code and the larger the size of the application executable. This study suggests an alternative pattern based approach, an approach driven by the information seeker. This alternative approach makes use of value embedded in intelligent patterns to assemble rules and logic constituents, numerous patterns aggregating to form a ‟virtual screen‟ based on the need of the information seeker. Once the information need is satisfied, the atomic rules and logic constituents dissipate and return to a base state. These same constituents are available, are reassembled and form the succeeding ‟virtual screen‟ to satisfy the following request. The pattern based approach makes use of multiple pattern ‟instances‟ to deliver functionality each pattern instance has a specific embedded value. Numbers of these patterns aggregate to drive the formation of a ‟virtual screen‟ built using patterns, each pattern referencing and associating (physical) atomic logic and spatial constituents. This is analogous to painting a picture using removable dots. The dots can be used to describe a fish, and then, once appreciation has been completed, the image is destroyed and the dots are returned to the palette. These same dots can later be reapplied to present the picture of a dog, if that is requested by the information seeker. In both pictures the same ‟dots‟ are applied and reused. The form of the fish and dog are retained as value embedded within the patterns, the dots are building blocks aligned using instructions within the patterns. This group classifies current solutions within the ‟Artefact-Pattern-Artefact‟ (APA) group and the pattern based approach within the ‟Pattern-Artefact-Pattern‟ (PAP) group. An overview and characteristics of each are discussed. The study concludes by presenting the results obtained when using a prototype developed using the PAP approach.Thesis (Ph.D. (Information Technology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011
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Cabañas, Mendoza Ingrid Pamela, Ávila Jade Nadia Huarcaya, Chahua Veronica Katherine Montalvo y Romero Rubi Yesenia Sangama. "Bebidas saludables a base de Panela “Lemon Panelé”". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625419.
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Este proyecto se realizó con el propósito de comercializar bebidas saludables con la marca Lemon Panelé, la cual es elaborada a base de Panela, esta es extraída del jugo de la caña de azúcar que es sometida a fuego en el trapiche. En este proceso se obtiene el jugo clarificado y mediante la vaporización el resultado será la formación de la panela, este procedimiento permite asegurar un producto natural, además, de ser muy apreciado, debido a que no contiene ningún proceso de purificación químico por ello, tiene un alto valor nutricional en el mercado nacional e internacional.
En el caso de las bebidas naturales, existe una tendencia mundial que también afecta al Perú en el crecimiento del consumo de productos saludables, nutritivos y del cuidado personal, lo que lleva incluso a empresas ya establecidas a voltear su mira hacia los productos naturales e ingresar a este mercado. (Consumer Products Industry Outlook 2018).
Siendo este un factor importante que determina el consumo de la bebida, es que ingresamos con nuestra propuesta de bebidas a base de Panela que aporta beneficios como minerales y vitaminas tales como hierro, magnesio, manganeso, potasio, calcio, entre otros. Lemon Panelé es un producto que calza en la necesidad y preferencia del consumidor porque se puede beber a cualquier hora del día.
Lemon Panelé está segmentado para los consumidores de nivel socioeconómico A, B y C, enfocado acorde a nuestra investigación en los afortunados, los progresistas y las modernas.
El objetivo del proyecto es dar a conocer e impulsar el consumo de un producto natural, el cual se espera una alta aceptación al momento de introducirlo al mercado nacional.This project had made with the purpose of marketing healthy drinks with Lemon Panelé brand, which elaborated with panela. This had extracted from the juice of the sugar cane that subjected to fire in the sugar mill. In this process, the panela juice is clarified and obtained by through vaporization the final result of sugar cane. This procedure allows to obtain a natural product, also, is appreciated because it does not contain any chemical product in the purification process therefore it has a high nutritional value in the national and international market. In the case of natural beverages, there is a global trend that also affects Peru in the growth of healthy consumption, nutritious and personal care products, which leads even established companies to turn their sights towards natural products and enter to this market. (Consumer Products Industry Outlook 2018). The most important factor that determines the consumption of the drink is that we enter with our proposal of drinks based on panela that provides benefits such as minerals and vitamins as iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, calcium, among others. Lemon Panelé is a product that fits the needs and preferences of the consumers and it can consumed at any time of day. Lemon Panelé segmented for consumers of socioeconomic level A, B and C, focused according to our research on the Fortunate, Progressive and Modern. The main objective of the project is to publicize and promote the consumption of a natural product, and a high acceptance will expected when introducing it to the market
Tesis
23
Wright, Glenn C. y Marco A. Peña. "Established ‘Lisbon’ Lemon Trials in Arizona – 2002-03". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/198116.
Texto completoResumen
Four 'Lisbon' lemon selections, 'Frost Nucellar', 'Corona Foothills', 'Limoneira 8A' and 'Prior' were selected for evaluation on Citrus volkameriana rootstock. 1994-2002 results indicate that the 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' and ‘Corona Foothills Lisbon’ are superior in yield and fruit size. Results for 2002-03 indicate that these cultivars as well as ‘Frost Nucellar’ have superior yield.
24
Wright, Glenn C. "‘Lisbon’ Lemon Selection Trials in Arizona – 2004-05". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/198089.
Texto completoResumen
Four 'Lisbon' lemon selections, 'Frost Nucellar', 'Corona Foothills', 'Limoneira 8A' and 'Prior' were selected for evaluation on Citrus volkameriana rootstock. 2004-05 results indicate that the 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' and ‘Corona Foothills Lisbon’
25
Wright, Glenn C. "‘Lisbon’ Lemon Selection Trials in Arizona – 2005-06". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/198120.
Texto completoResumen
Four 'Lisbon' lemon selections, 'Frost Nucellar', 'Corona Foothills', 'Limoneira 8A' and 'Prior' were selected for evaluation on Citrus volkameriana rootstock. 2005-06 results indicate that the 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' and ‘Corona Foothills Lisbon’ are superior to the other two selections tested.
26
Fallahi, E. y D. R. Rodney. "Performance of Various Lemon Types in Southwest Arizona". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/215705.
Texto completoResumen
Long term comparisons of 8 types of lemons (Citrus limon Bunn. F.) on Macrophylla (Alemow) (C. macrophylla) rootstock regarding yield, tree growth, and quality under the arid conditions of the Southwest were studied. 'Foothill Lisbon' showed significantly higher cumulative yield and total acid than 'Monroe Lisbon', 'Prior Lisbon', Eureka strains, and Villa Franca, and had larger fruit than other Lisbon strains. 'Prior Lisbon' produced larger tree canopy than all other strains. Overall, Eureka strains and 'Villa Franca' had lower relative cumulative yield, yield efficiency, canopy volume, soluble solids, total acid and fruit seed content , but higher soluble solids to acid ratio than Lisbon strains. All factors considered 'Foothill Lisbon' and 'Prior Lisbon' have good potential for planting in the arid climate and sandy soil of Southwest, when Macrophylla rootstock is to be used.
27
Wright, Glenn C. y Marco Peña. "Established 'Lisbon' Lemon Trials in Arizona - 2001-02". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/223659.
Texto completoResumen
Four 'Lisbon' lemon selections, 'Frost Nucellar', 'Corona Foothills', 'Limoneira 8A' and 'Prior' were selected for evaluation on Citrus volkameriana rootstock. 1994-2002 results indicate that the 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' and 'Corona Foothills Lisbon' are superior in yield and fruit earliness.
28
Wright, Glenn C. "'Lisbon' Lemon Selection Trials in Arizona - 2006-07". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/223664.
Texto completoResumen
Four 'Lisbon' lemon selections, 'Frost Nucellar', 'Corona Foothills', 'Limoneira 8A' and 'Prior' were selected for evaluation on Citrus volkameriana rootstock. Yield was extremely low for 2006-07, but these results do not change the fact that that 'Limoneira 8A Lisbon' and 'Corona Foothills Lisbon' are superior to the other two selections tested.
29
Perches, Cintia Sesso [UNESP]. "Uso de colírios à base de Citrus lemon no reparo de úlcera de córnea induzida em coelhos: avaliação clínica, histomorfométrica e imuno-histoquímca". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99364.
Texto completoResumen
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O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar e comparar por meio de exames oftalmológicos, histopatológicos e imuno-histoquímica para PCNA, o processo de reparação corneal de úlceras superficiais induzidas em coelhos, frente à utilização de colírios de óleo essencial de Citrus lemon, produto até então não utilizado em oftalmologia. Foram utilizadas 50 fêmeas da espécie leporina, todas submetidas à indução da úlcera superficial, constituindo-se 5 grupos experimentais de 10 animais cada. Em três grupos foram instilados colírios à base de óleo essencial de Citrus lemon, em diferentes concentrações, sendo 1,5% (GL1,5), 3% (GL3) e 5% (GL5). O grupo controle (GC) recebeu substituto da lágrima, e o grupo Tween 80 8% (GT) foi tratado com o diluente utilizado na produção dos colírios de citrus. Todos os protocolos foram realizados quatro vezes ao dia. Os grupos foram divididos, aleatoriamente, em dois subgrupos, de acordo com o período final de avaliação, sendo M1, coelhos avaliados após 24 horas, e M5, após 5 dias. Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos utilizados quanto aos sinais clínicos secreção ocular, hiperemia conjuntival, quemose e opacidade corneal. O grupo tratado com colírio de óleo essencial de Citrus lemon na concentração 1,5%, no período final de avaliação, apresentou maior sensibilidade ocular em relação ao GC, além de aumento da celularidade corneal, representada principalmente por células inflamatórias. Nas comparações entre os momentos iniciais e finais, os grupos tratados com substituto da lágrima, Tween 80 8% e colírio à base de óleo essencial de Citrus lemon 5% promoveram aumento na espessura epitelial na periferia da córnea e maior percentual de proliferação celular, na avaliação final. Quanto à úlcera de córnea, houve redução significativa da extensão total para leve...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare through ophthalmic exams, histopathology and immunohistochemistry for PCNA, the repair process in superficial corneal ulcers induced in rabbits using eyedrops of Citrus lemon essential oil, a product not used in ophthalmology yet. Fifty female rabbits were submitted to induction of the corneal ulcer and then divided into 5 experimental groups of 10 animals each. Were instilled into three groups eyedrops of Citrus lemon essential oil, in different concentrations, being 1.5% (GL1, 5), 3% (GL3) and 5% (GL5). The control group (CG) received a tear substitute, and the Tween 80 8% group (GT) was treated with the diluent used in the production of eyedrops of citrus. All protocols were performed four times a day. The groups were divided randomly into two subgroups, according to the final period of evaluation, in the M1 rabbits were evaluated after 24 hours, and in the M5 after 5 days. There was no difference between treatments for clinical signs: ocular discharge, conjunctival hyperemia, chemosis and corneal opacity. In the final period of evaluation, the group treated with eyedrops of Citrus lemon essential oil in the concentration 1.5% showed a higher ocular sensitivity compared to the GC, and increased of corneal cellularity, represented mainly by inflammatory cells. In the comparison between the initial and final moments, the groups treated with tear substitute, Tween 80 8% and eyedrops of Citrus lemon essential oil 5% led to an increase in epithelial thickness at the periphery of the cornea and a higher percentage of cell proliferation, in the final evaluation. In the clinical evaluation of corneal ulcer, there was significant reduction in total length for mild or absent at the time of final evaluation in all groups; the exception was GL 3%, that showed a lower... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
30
McCloskey, William B. y Glenn C. Wright. "Applying roundup to the base of lemon tree canopies: effects on leaves, flowers, fruitlets, and yield". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/222513.
Texto completoResumen
The effect of Roundup on lemon trees (Citrus limon) was evaluated by repeatedly spraying 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, and 1.5 lb. a.i./acre (corresponding to 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5 quarts of Roundup Ultra/acre) on the bottom 20 to 24 inches of the tree canopies, over a three year period. The Roundup applications caused significant leaf injury in the sprayed area of the canopies and there was also significant defoliation of branches at the higher Roundup rates in all three years of the study. In 1996 after three Roundup applications, increasing rates of Roundup had no effect on flower or fruitlet production in either the sprayed or unsprayed portions of the tree canopies as judged by the counts collected from branches in each canopy zone. Similarly, in 1997 after five Roundup applications, and in 1998 after nine Roundup applications, increasing rates of Roundup had no effect on flower or fruitlet production in the sprayed or unsprayed portions of the tree canopies. Spraying Roundup on the bottom of the tree canopies did not reduce total lemon yield per tree in 1996, 1997 or 1998 at any of the application rates. In all three years of the study, increasing Roundup rates had no effect on the yield of the first or second ring picks or the percentage of the total crop picked on the first harvest date. Increasing Roundup rates also did not affect fruit size at any harvest date in 1996, 1997 or 1998. Similarly, increasing Roundup application rates did not affect fruit quality at any harvest in 1996, 1997 or 1998. Thus, there was no relationship between the rate of Roundup sprayed on the trees and yield, fruit size or quality in all three years of this study. The three years of data collected in this study indicate that accidental drift or inadvertent application of Roundup onto lemon trees when spraying weeds on the orchard floor has no significant effect on lemon tree productivity.
31
Poole, Mervin C. "The role of pectinesterase in fruit ripening". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342021.
Texto completo
32
Van, der Merwe Hester E. (Hester Elizabeth). "Factors affecting rind oil content of lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.)". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50352.
Texto completoResumen
Thesis (MScAgric)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Essential oils are derived from volatile natural oils in plants and have been used by mankind for millennia. Citrus essential oils are widely used in various applications and lemon [Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.] rind oil is the most important citrus oil in commerce. Rind oil glands are located in the exocarp, or flavedo, of the fruit and are formed schizogenously. The purpose of this study was to quantify the factors affecting rind oil content of lemons. The factors studied were light exposure and canopy position, growing region in South Africa, genotype, i.e. scion and rootstock, as well as the relationship between seedless clones of cultivars and the cultivars from which the seedless clones were derived, and various plant growth regulators were screened to determine whether they influenced rind oil content. Following the sampling of fruit from different positions in the tree's canopy, light exposure was found to affect rind oil content of 'Eureka' lemon fruit. Fruit borne on the outside of trees, higher in the tree, north-facing or not within the hedgerow had the highest rind oil content. Photosynthetically active radiation data supports the hypothesis that rind oil content is correlated with light exposure. To optimise rind oil content of lemons, trees should not be too dense or too high as to overshadow the lower parts of adjacent trees. South Africa has a diverse climate, and rind oil content from fruit produced in different growing regions was compared. 'Eureka' lemon fruit from Upington had the highest rind oil content in all seasons sampled. Fruit from Malelane and Marble Hall ranked second to Upington and rind oil content for fruit from Karino was intermediate. Rind oil content for fruit from Vaalharts was the lowest at each sampling time. When rind oil content was regressed against cumulative heat units there was a positive linear relationship in 2003, but in 2004 the relationship was weak. However, III general, rind oil content increased with increasing heat unit accumulation. A large variation exists among citrus cultivars and rootstocks and their effect on fruit growth and quality. 'Lirnoneira 8A', followed by 'Cicily', 'Lisbon' and 'Genoa' had the highest rind oil content. 'Villafranca', 'Messina' and 'Yen Ben Lisbon' had the lowest rind oil content. Rind oil content from 'Eureka' lemon fruit was disappointingly low. Seedless cultivars, 'Eureka SL' and 'Lisbon SL', had ~18.0% higher rind oil content than the seeded cultivars from which they were derived. With regards to rootstock, fruit from lemon trees budded on non-invigorating rootstocks, e.g. X639 [e. reshni Hort. ex Tan. x P. trifoliata (L.) Raf.], had the highest rind oil content, whereas rind oil content was low on invigorating rootstocks such as rough lemon (e. jambhiri Lush.). Synthetic gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene and auxins were applied on lemon trees at different times and concentrations to screen their ability to enhance rind oil content. Of all the gibberellins and cytokinins applied, Promalin®, a combination of gibberellic acid 4/7 and benzyl adenine-phosphate, a cytokinin, had a small, but nonsignificant effect on rind oil content. Ethephon, which induces ethylene synthesis, affected rind oil content in 2004, when applied 8 weeks before harvest. However, ethephon and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, an ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor) had an inconsistent effect on lemon rind oil content. Auxins did not affect rind oil content. Further experiments should be conducted, especially on the timing and concentration of applied gibberellins, e.g. Promalin®, and ethephon.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Essensiële olies is vlugtige, natuurlike plantolies wat al vir eeue deur die mens gebruik word. Sitrus essensiële olies het verskeie toepassings en van hierdie sitrus olies is dié verkry uit suurlemoenskil [Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.] die belangrikste. Skiloliekliere is in die eksokarp, of flavedo, van die vrug geleë en vorm skisogenies. Die doelwit van hierdie navorsing was om faktore wat die olie-inhoud van suurlemoenskil affekteer te kwantifiseer. Faktore wat bestudeer is sluit ligblootstelling en posisie in die boom, produksiearea in Suid-Afrika, en genotipe (bo- en onderstam) in. Ook is saadlose klone vergelyk met die kultivars waaruit dit ontwikkel is. Verskeie plantgroeireguleerders se effek op skilolie-inhoud is ook geëvalueer. Ligblootstelling het skilolie-inhoud van 'Eureka' suurlemoene affekteer toe monsters van verskillende posisies in die boomtop vergelyk is. Vrugte aan die noorde- en buitekant, of hoër in die boom het die hoogste skilolie-inhoud gehad. Vrugte binne die plantry het minder skilolie bevat. Fotosinteties-aktiewe ligvlakmetings ondersteun die hipotese dat skilolieinhoud korreleer met ligblootstelling. Vir opitmale skilolie-inhoud in suurlemoene is dit dus belangrik dat bome nie te dig of te hoog moet wees nie, sodat dit nie die onderste dele van aangrensende bome oorskadu nie. Sitrus word in diverse klimaatstreke in Suid-Afrika verbou. Gevolglik is die skilolie-inhoud van vrugte uit verskillende produksieareas vergelyk. 'Eureka' suurlemoenvrugte uit Upington het met elke monsterneming die hoogste skilolie-inhoud gehad, gevolg deur vrugte uit Malelane en Marble Hall. Skilolie-inhoud van vrugte uit Karino was gemiddeld, terwyl vrugte van Vaalhaarts met elke monsterneming die laagste skilolie-inhoud gehad het. Regressie van skilolie-inhoud op kumulatiewe hitte-eenhede het 'n positiewe lineêre verwantskap in 2003 getoon. Hoewel die verwantskap swakker was in 2004, neem skilolieinhoud oor die algemeen toe met toenemende akkumulasie van hitte-eenhede. Sitruskultivars en -onderstamme varieer aansienlik in groeikrag en vrugkwaliteit. 'Lirnoneira 8A', gevolg deur 'Cicily', 'Lisbon' en 'Genoa' het die hoogste skilolie-inhoud gehad, terwyl 'Villafranca', 'Messina' en 'Yen Ben Lisbon' die laagste skilolie-inhoud gehad het. Die skilolie-inhoud van 'Eureka' suurlemoene was teleurstellend laag. Die skilolie-inhoud van die saadlose kultivars, 'Eureka SL' en 'Lisbon SL', was -18% hoër as die skilolie-inhoud van die kultivars waaruit dit ontwikkel is. Vrugte van bome wat op minder groeikragtige onderstamme geënt is, bv. X639 [C reshni Hort. ex Tan. x P. trifoliata (L.) Raf.], het 'n hoë skilolie-inhoud gehad, terwyl vrugte van bome op groeikragtige onderstamme, bv. growweskilsuurlemoen (C jambhiri Lush.), minder skilolie bevat het. Sintetiese gibberelliene, sitokiniene, etileen en ouksiene is op verskillende tye en teen verskillende dosisse op suurlemoenbome toegedien om die effek daarvan op skilolie-inhoud te bepaal. Promalin® (G~+7 en bensieladenienfosfaat) het 'n klein effek op skilolie-inhoud gehad, maar die effek was nie statisties beduidend nie. Ethephon, wat etileensintese induseer, het skilolie-inhoud in 2004 geaffekteer toe dit 8 weke voor oes toegedien is. Ethephon en aminoetoksievinielglisien (AVG, 'n etileenbiosintese inhibeerder) het egter nie 'n konstante effek op suurlemoen skilolie-inhoud gehad nie. Ouksiene het nie skilolie-inhoud geaffekteer me. Verdere eksperimente is veral nodig op die toedieningstyd en konsentrasie van toegediende gibberelliene, bv. Promalin®, en ethephon.
33
Martinez, Scott Richard. "EVALUATION OF ROADSIDE REVEGETATION ALONG ARIZONA FOREST HIGHWAY 39 (MT. LEMMON HIGHWAY)". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555288.
Texto completo
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Lemke, Christian [Verfasser]. "Physische Datenbankoptimierung in hauptspeicherbasierten Column-Store-Systemen / Christian Lemke". München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2012. http://d-nb.info/102878421X/34.
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Perches, Cintia Sesso. "Uso de colírios à base de Citrus lemon no reparo de úlcera de córnea induzida em coelhos : avaliação clínica, histomorfométrica e imuno-histoquímca /". Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99364.
Texto completoResumen
Orientador: Cláudia Valéria Seullner BrandãoBanca: José Joaquim Titton Ranzani
Banca: Alexandre Lima de Andrade
Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar e comparar por meio de exames oftalmológicos, histopatológicos e imuno-histoquímica para PCNA, o processo de reparação corneal de úlceras superficiais induzidas em coelhos, frente à utilização de colírios de óleo essencial de Citrus lemon, produto até então não utilizado em oftalmologia. Foram utilizadas 50 fêmeas da espécie leporina, todas submetidas à indução da úlcera superficial, constituindo-se 5 grupos experimentais de 10 animais cada. Em três grupos foram instilados colírios à base de óleo essencial de Citrus lemon, em diferentes concentrações, sendo 1,5% (GL1,5), 3% (GL3) e 5% (GL5). O grupo controle (GC) recebeu substituto da lágrima, e o grupo Tween 80 8% (GT) foi tratado com o diluente utilizado na produção dos colírios de citrus. Todos os protocolos foram realizados quatro vezes ao dia. Os grupos foram divididos, aleatoriamente, em dois subgrupos, de acordo com o período final de avaliação, sendo M1, coelhos avaliados após 24 horas, e M5, após 5 dias. Não houve diferença entre os tratamentos utilizados quanto aos sinais clínicos secreção ocular, hiperemia conjuntival, quemose e opacidade corneal. O grupo tratado com colírio de óleo essencial de Citrus lemon na concentração 1,5%, no período final de avaliação, apresentou maior sensibilidade ocular em relação ao GC, além de aumento da celularidade corneal, representada principalmente por células inflamatórias. Nas comparações entre os momentos iniciais e finais, os grupos tratados com substituto da lágrima, Tween 80 8% e colírio à base de óleo essencial de Citrus lemon 5% promoveram aumento na espessura epitelial na periferia da córnea e maior percentual de proliferação celular, na avaliação final. Quanto à úlcera de córnea, houve redução significativa da extensão total para leve... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare through ophthalmic exams, histopathology and immunohistochemistry for PCNA, the repair process in superficial corneal ulcers induced in rabbits using eyedrops of Citrus lemon essential oil, a product not used in ophthalmology yet. Fifty female rabbits were submitted to induction of the corneal ulcer and then divided into 5 experimental groups of 10 animals each. Were instilled into three groups eyedrops of Citrus lemon essential oil, in different concentrations, being 1.5% (GL1, 5), 3% (GL3) and 5% (GL5). The control group (CG) received a tear substitute, and the Tween 80 8% group (GT) was treated with the diluent used in the production of eyedrops of citrus. All protocols were performed four times a day. The groups were divided randomly into two subgroups, according to the final period of evaluation, in the M1 rabbits were evaluated after 24 hours, and in the M5 after 5 days. There was no difference between treatments for clinical signs: ocular discharge, conjunctival hyperemia, chemosis and corneal opacity. In the final period of evaluation, the group treated with eyedrops of Citrus lemon essential oil in the concentration 1.5% showed a higher ocular sensitivity compared to the GC, and increased of corneal cellularity, represented mainly by inflammatory cells. In the comparison between the initial and final moments, the groups treated with tear substitute, Tween 80 8% and eyedrops of Citrus lemon essential oil 5% led to an increase in epithelial thickness at the periphery of the cornea and a higher percentage of cell proliferation, in the final evaluation. In the clinical evaluation of corneal ulcer, there was significant reduction in total length for mild or absent at the time of final evaluation in all groups; the exception was GL 3%, that showed a lower... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
36
Pittaway, Timothy Michael. "An investigation of the effect of time of pruning on the growth and fruiting of lemons [Citrus limon(L.) Burmann f.] cv. Eureka". Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/106.
Texto completoResumen
Pruning has been used to reduce tree size, allow light penetration into trees, improve yield, improve fruit size and fruit quality, overcome alternate bearing, assist fruit harvest, and assist pest and disease control. The use of pruning has increased due to improving agricultural management techniques such as high planting densities, use of mechanical machinery in orchards and the need for effective pesticide and pathological chemical spray applications. The main objective of this study was to obtain a practical means of manipulating lemon trees at the right time. Pruning at the correct time to cultivate productive trees that produce quality fruit would have financial benefits. Lemon fruit quality is dependent on market demand and involves a number of features such as fruit shelf life, rind thickness, fruit size, rind colour, and juice content. The study was conducted on ’Eureka’ lemon trees budded on C. volkameriana rootstock, bearing the fifth and sixth commercial crops in 1999 and 2000 respectively. Twelve monthly pruning treatments per year were conducted on one row of trees starting in December 1997 (site 1) and repeated in the second year on the adjacent row of the same orchard starting in December 1998 (site 2). Selective pruning heading cuts were applied below the intercalation on the intercalary units. Potential branch bearing units were tagged and assessed during the harvest and flowering periods. Summer pruning between 16 to 19 months before the subsequent April/May harvest, resulted in the longest and most complex (intercalation sprouted per axil) vegetative response. The estimated crop value indicated that summer pruning treatments produced the highest income. This was ascribed not to differences in fruit size or quality, but to an increase in yield. The industry’s trend is to prune citrus from post-harvest to the pre-bloom stage. Results from this study have provided a beneficial cultural practice to prune during the summer months and provides a practice to optimise farm production and profit margins.
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Marquis, Bruno. "Nonenzymatic browning studies using an electrolytic cell". Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22769.
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The present study investigated the possibility of using an electrolytic cell to prevent nonenzymatic browning in lemon juice products. A single-strength, a double strength and a triple-strength lemon juice were subjected to four different current densities (0.116, 0.231, 0.463 and 0.926 A/m$ sp2)$ for 30 minutes using an electrolytic cell. Dissolved oxygen level, conductivity, redox potential, pH in juices and the voltage applied to the electrodes required to maintain constant current density through the cell were monitored. Juice samples were taken at 0, 5, 15 and 30 minutes and then stored for one month at 30$ sp circ$C.After one month of storage, juice samples were assessed for browning and quality alteration. The chemical indices used were the browning index and concentrations in furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Although redox potentials and concentrations in dissolved oxygen were significantly reduced by the electrolytic cell treatment, none of the electrochemical treatments significantly retarded detrimental reactions in juices over the storage period. Initial levels in dissolved oxygen and redox potential do not seem to have any significant effect on browning or chemical quality deterioration in lemon juices. Thus, the present study suggests that nonenzymatic browning in lemon juice products may be due to factors other than oxidative reactions.
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Wright, Glenn C. "Evaluation of Nitrogen Fertilization Practices for Surface-Irrigated Lemon Trees - 2012". College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/345169.
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6 pp.Lisbon lemons were treated with N levels ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 lbs. N per tree annually. Fourth–season yield results from the trial show significant effects of the treatments upon overall yield and leaf N concentrations, but no effect upon fruit packout. Treatments did lead to a significant effect upon leaf nutrient concentration. Total cumulative yields from 2008 to 2012 (not including the freeze-affected 2011-12 season) were significantly affected by the treatments. Trees treated annually with 2.0 lbs N had the greatest yield, which represented a 12% increase over the yield of trees treated with just 0.5 lbs. N annually.
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Lemken, Dominic [Verfasser], Achim [Akademischer Betreuer] Spiller, Achim [Gutachter] Spiller, Oliver [Gutachter] Musshoff y Matin [Gutachter] Qaim. "The Adoption of Legumes in Farmer and Consumer Settings / Dominic Lemken ; Gutachter: Achim Spiller, Oliver Musshoff, Matin Qaim ; Betreuer: Achim Spiller". Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1156780055/34.
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Haslé, Laurène. "La Direction d’Adolphe Lemoine-Montigny au Théâtre du Gymnase de 1844 à 1880". Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03177499.
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Dans l’histoire des théâtres du XIXe siècle, il existe un oubli qui paraît tout à fait surprenant : celui du directeur de théâtre Adolphe Lemoine-Montigny, dit Montigny, qui marqua pourtant profondément son époque. En effet, cet homme, également auteur dramatique et comédien, s’avère aujourd’hui presque inconnu. Pendant près de quarante ans, de 1844 à 1880, il dirigea pourtant l’une des scènes majeures de la capitale française : le Théâtre du Gymnase, créé en 1820 par Jean-Ferdinand Lugan de la Rozerie et dirigé par Charles-Gaspard Delestre-Poirson pour Eugène Scribe. Assurer une direction théâtrale pendant quatre décennies est effectivement exceptionnel au XIXe siècle. D’autant plus que cette direction traversa plusieurs régimes politiques, mais eut aussi à affronter des soulèvements historiques majeurs. En outre, l’activité de Montigny est liée à des dates-clefs de l’histoire administrative des théâtres, que ce soit, par exemple, l’évolution des privilèges ou celle du droit des comédiens. Cette longue direction permit à Montigny de faire évoluer son théâtre qui devint une référence pour les autres scènes de la capitale, mais également pour l’histoire du théâtre français du XIXe siècle. Montigny avait la réputation d’être un homme motivé, exigeant et passionné. Il possédait de grandes qualités pour diriger un théâtre sous tous ses aspects – à tel point que le Gymnase figura rapidement de nouveau parmi les premières scènes parisiennes. Ses grandes forces étaient notamment la programmation – il proposa à son public des créations de certains des plus grands auteurs dramatiques de son époque, tels qu’Eugène Scribe, George Sand, Alexandre Dumas fils ou encore Victorien Sardou – mais aussi l’art de la direction d’acteurs et la mise en scène – il apporta de nombreuses innovations et fut considéré comme l’un des initiateurs de la mise en scène moderne. Mais comment expliquer une telle absence d’études sur cet important directeur du XIXe siècle ? D’une manière générale, la figure du directeur de théâtre est rarement abordée par les chercheurs en comparaison des autres artistes, comme les compositeurs, les auteurs dramatiques ou les comédiens. De plus, les travaux sur l’histoire des théâtres privilégient plutôt les théâtres officiels au détriment des théâtres secondaires. Il est pourtant dommageable d’omettre un homme et un théâtre qui apportèrent tant à l’histoire des spectacles – un oubli que nous souhaitons réparer en redonnant à Montigny sa juste place dans l’histoire des spectacles du XIXe siècle. Afin de situer au mieux sa direction, cette thèse débute avec la création du Gymnase et revient sur le parcours de Montigny avant son arrivée boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle. Elle se poursuit – bien sûr plus en détail – avec la période de sa direction, en allant de son arrivée en juin 1844 à la fin de cette direction en juin 1880, année correspondant à son décès. Elle s’attarde plus précisément sur son quotidien de directeur, ses rencontres avec les artistes de son temps et ses relations avec les autres directeurs de théâtre et avec les journalistes. Montigny fut à l’initiative d’événements artistiques majeurs : il s’allia avec des auteurs dramatiques reconnus, influença fortement le jeu de ses comédiens et travailla intensivement sur la mise en scène. Sous son « règne », le Gymnase vécut de nombreux moments de bonheur et de réussite, mais aussi des moments tragiques et de grandes difficultés. Cette thèse s’intéresse aussi à l’organisation d’un théâtre au XIXe siècle – notamment celle d’un théâtre privé et privilégié (avant que la liberté des théâtres ne soit décrétée en 1864). De nombreux documents, officiels comme privés, permettent de comprendre son fonctionnement, son organisation, ses difficultés, la nécessité de faire de bonnes recettes – et donc de proposer une bonne programmation –, les relations professionnelles et privées avec les artistes et les auteurs ou encore la recherche artistique indissociable d’une direction théâtraleIn the history of 19th century theatres, there is an omission that seems quite surprising: that of theatre director Adolphe Lemoine-Montigny, commonly known as Montigny, who nevertheless had a profound influence on his time. Indeed, this man, who was also a playwright and actor, proves to be almost unknown today. For nearly forty years, from 1844 to 1880, he nevertheless directed one of the major stages of the French capital: the Théâtre du Gymnase, created in 1820 by Jean-Ferdinand Lugan de la Rozerie and directed by Charles-Gaspard Delestre-Poirson for Eugène Scribe. Holding the theatrical directorship for four decades was indeed exceptional in the 19th century. All the more so as this directorship went through several political regimes and also had to face major historical uprisings. In addition, Montigny’s activity is linked to key dates in the administrative history of theatres, such as the evolution of privileges or that of actors’ rights. This long directorship allowed Montigny to develop his theatre, which became a reference for the other stages of the capital and also for the history of French theatre in the 19th century. Montigny had the reputation of being a motivated, demanding and passionate man. He possessed great qualities for directing a theatre in all it’s aspects - so much so that the Théâtre du Gymnase quickly reappeared amongst the foremost Parisian stages. His great aptitudes notably included scheduling - he offered his audience creations by some of the greatest playwrights of his time, such as Eugène Scribe, George Sand, Alexandre Dumas fils and Victorien Sardou - but also the art of directing actors and production – he brought many innovations and was considered one of the initiators of modern stage production. But how can we explain such a lack of studies concerning this important director of the 19th century? Generally speaking, the figure of the theatre director is rarely addressed by researchers in comparison with other artists, such as composers, playwrights or actors. Moreover, works on the history of theatres tend to priotise focus official theatres to the detriment of secondary theatres. Yet it is harmful to omit a man and a theatre that contributed so much to the history of shows - an oversight that we wish to address by restoring Montigny to his rightful place in the history of 19th century shows. In order to best study his directorship, this thesis begins with the creation of the Théâtre du Gymnase and goes back over Montigny’s career path before his arrival on the Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle. It continues - of course in more detail - with the period of his directorship, from his arrival in June 1844 to the end of this directorship in June 1880, the year of his death. More specifically, it dwells on his daily life as director, his meetings with the artists of his time and his relations with other theatre directors and journalists. Montigny initiated major artistic events: he allied himself with well-known playwrights, strongly influenced his actor’s way of acting and worked intensively on the production. Under his “reign”, the Théâtre du Gymnase experienced many moments of period of success, but also tragic moments and great difficulties. This thesis also studies the organisation of a theatre in the 19th century – in particular that of a private and privileged theatre (before the freedom of theatres was decreed in 1864). Numerous documents, both official and private, make it possible to understand how it functioned, its organisation, its difficulties, the need to ensure good revenues – and therefore to offer good productions -, the professional and private relations with artists and authors, and the artistic research that is inseparable from theatre management
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Schmithüsen, Holger [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Lemke y Justus [Akademischer Betreuer] Notholt. "Antarctic Specific Features of the Greenhouse Effect : a Radiative Analysis Using Measurements and Models / Holger Schmithüsen. Gutachter: Peter Lemke ; Justus Notholt. Betreuer: Peter Lemke". Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1072303493/34.
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Begum, Syeda Nargis. "Microencapsulation of lemon oil by precipitation method using sodium caseinate /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18497.pdf.
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Kaade, Wael. "Low-energy high-throughput microporous emulsification for lemon oil encapsulation". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669482.
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L’oli de llimona és ric en terpens insaturats i funcionalitzats amb oxigen, esdevenint-ne d’aquesta manera susceptible a l’oxidació per oxigen, llum i calor. Per tal de minimitzar la degradació i pèrdua d’aromes durant el processament, una pràctica comú és l’encapsulació d’aquests olis mitjançant emulsificació abans d’emprar-los en aliments i begudes. En aquesta tesi, s’han produït emulsions d’oli de llimona en aigua amb una distribució de mida de gota estreta a través d’un nou sistema de membranes dinàmiques de mida de porus ajustable (DMTS) d’alt rendiment i baix cost energètic.
Les emulsions estabilitzades amb complexos WP-CMC van conservar el seu color inicial després de 7 dies a temperatura ambient i sota refrigeració. A més, quan es va emprar un mètode d’emulsificació convencional, les emulsions estabilitzades amb complexos WP-CMC van mantenir el seu perfil aromàtic durant dues setmanes.
Els resultats van mostrar que a través del sistema DMTS, és possible produir emulsions estables d’oli de llimona (amb una mida de porus de 2-3 µm) amb fraccions d’oli de fins un 40% (en pes). Es va aconseguir amb aquesta recerca obtenir la major disrupció de gota reportada fins ara (0.05 < d3,2 / dv < 0.2). Així mateix, una versió modificada del sistema DMTS, anomenada DMTS per capes, va produir emulsions amb una distribució de mida de gota molt estreta (“span” ≤1). Les emulsions estabilitzades amb complexos WP-CMC van tenir el menor “span”, amb un valor de 0.82. Els resultats obtinguts amb el sistema DMTS modificat van demostrar que és possible disminuir el consum d’energia requerit sense comprometre la qualitat de les emulsions (mida de gota, dispersió, estabilitat i flux).
Per aquest mateix motiu, el sistema DMTS, i en particular el DMTS per capes, constitueix una tecnologia d’emulsificació per microporus de baixa energia i alt rendiment que gaudeix d’un major potencial respecte a la seva escalabilitat comparada amb altres sistemes d’emulsificació de baixa energia.El aceite de limón es rico en terpenos insaturados y funcionalizados con oxígeno, haciéndolo susceptible a la oxidación mediada por oxígeno, luz y calor. Para minimizar la degradación y pérdida de aromas durante el procesado y almacenamiento, una práctica común es la encapsulación de estos aceites mediante emulsificación antes de su uso en alimentos y bebidas. En la presente tesis, se han producido emulsiones de aceite de limón en agua con una distribución de tamaño de gota estrecha a través de un novedoso sistema de membranas dinámicas de tamaño de poro ajustable (DMTS) de alto rendimiento y bajo coste energético. Las emulsiones estabilizadas con complejos WP-CMC conservaron su color inicial después de 7 días a temperatura ambiente y bajo refrigeración. Además, cuando se usó un método de emulsificación convencional, las emulsiones estabilizadas con complejos WP-CMC mantuvieron su perfil aromático durante dos semanas. Los resultados mostraron que a través del sistema DMTS, es posible producir emulsiones estables de aceite de limón (con un tamaño de gota de 2-3 µm) con fracciones de aceite de hasta un 40% (en peso). Se consiguió con esta investigación obtener el mayor nivel de disrupción de gota reportado hasta la fecha (0.05 < d3,2 / dv < 0.2). Así mismo, una versión modificada del sistema DMTS, llamada DMTS por capas, produjo emulsiones con una distribución de tamaño de gota muy estrecha (“span” ≤1). Las emulsiones estabilizadas con complejos WP-CMC tuvieron el menor “span”, con un valor de 0.82. Los resultados obtenidos con el sistema de DMTS modificado demostraron que es posible disminuir el consumo de energía requerido sin comprometer la calidad de las emulsiones (tamaño de gota, dispersión, estabilidad y flujo). Por este mismo motivo, el sistema DMTS, y en particular el DMTS por capas, constituye una tecnología de emulsificación por microporos de baja energía y alto rendimiento que goza de un mayor potencial respecto a su escalabilidad comparada con otros sistemas de emulsificación de baja energía.
Lemon oil, is rich in unsaturated and oxygen functionalized terpenes making it susceptible to oxidation caused by oxygen, light and heat. To limit aroma degradation or loss during processing and storage, encapsulation, through emulsification, of essential oils prior to use in foods or beverages is a common practice. In this thesis, lemon oil-in-water emulsions with narrow droplet size distribution were produced by means of a novel low-energy high-throughput dynamic membrane of tunable pore size (DMTS) system. Emulsions were stabilized with a whey protein-carboxymethyl cellulose electrostatic complex to assess the impact of electric surface charge and the interfacial thickness on the physical and chemical stability of the emulsions WP-CMC stabilized emulsions conserved the initial color of the emulsion for 7 days at room temperature and under refrigeration. Also, using a conventional membrane emulsification method, WP-CMC stabilized emulsions maintained their aromatic profile for two weeks. Results showed that using the DMTS system, stable lemon oil emulsions (of 2-3 µm droplet size) can be produced with 40%wt oil fraction. These results are the highest reported droplet break-up for premix membrane emulsification (0.05 < d3,2 / dv < 0.2). Also, a modified version of the DMTS system, called layered DMTS, produced emulsions with narrow size distribution (span ≤1). Emulsions stabilized with the WP-CMC complex had the lowest reported span value of 0.82. Results obtained with the modified DMTS showed that major cutbacks in the system energy requirements can be done without compromising the quality of the emulsions (droplet size and dispersion, dispersion, stability, flux). For that reason, the DMTS system, and the layered DMTS in particular, is a low-energy, high-throughput microporous emulsification technology that has more potential for scaling-up than other low-energy emulsification systems.
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Porter, Shirley. "Transforming Mathematical Tastes: a Twist of Lemon - or a Pretzel?" Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-83008.
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Lemke, Matthias [Verfasser]. "Demokratie im Ausnahmezustand : Wie Regierungen ihre Macht ausweiten / Matthias Lemke". Frankfurt am Main : Campus Verlag, 2017. http://www.campus.de/home/.
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Lemke, Florian [Verfasser]. "Aberrationskorrigierende Linsen und adaptive Prismen mit integrierter Piezoaktorik / Florian Lemke". Düren : Shaker, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233548492/34.
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Bigelow, Donna Marie 1954. "Biology and control of Coniophora eremophila on lemon in Arizona". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278499.
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A field survey of mature lemon trees showed an average of 30% of the trees with symptoms of brown heartwood rot caused by Coniophora sp. The temperature range of growth in culture for Coniophora is 15-40C with growth optimum at 30C. Vegetative incompatibility trials from one mature orchard show isolates from different trees are incompatible. In wood block decay studies, the average weight loss over 20 weeks was 5-20%. In comparison, decay studies comparing Coniophora with other brown or white rotting fungi, the other fungi decayed 4-8 times more in vitro. Cultural characteristics include simple septate hyphae, moderately growing mycelium that develop crustose brown to brownish-black patches as they mature, and negative for polyphenol oxidases. In vitro fungicide trials show that only NECTEC paste was effective in reducing decay on lemon blocks inoculated 15 weeks with Coniophora. SEM studies show mycelial fragments, pit enlargement, in radial plates, cracking and disintegration of wood.
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Gervais, Kyle G. "Dealing with a massacre spectacle, eroticism, and unreliable narration in the Lemnian episode of Statius' Thebaid /". Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1241.
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Tetzlaff, Amelie [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Lemke y Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Jung. "Convective processes in the polar atmospheric boundary layer: a study based on measurements and modeling / Amelie Tetzlaff. Betreuer: Peter Lemke. Gutachter: Peter Lemke ; Thomas Jung". Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/108416907X/34.
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Schwegmann, Sandra [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Lemke y Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Gerdes. "Interannual and decadal variability of sea ice drift, concentration and thickness in the Weddell Sea / Sandra Schwegmann. Gutachter: Peter Lemke ; Rüdiger Gerdes. Betreuer: Peter Lemke". Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1071993690/34.
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